Battery packs and electric vehicles

Abstract

To provide a battery pack which is greatly improved in rigidity and strength, thereby improving mechanical safety and reliability, and also to provide a battery pack capable of enhancing the structural strength of a vehicle.SOLUTION: There is provided a battery pack that includes a battery array 101 including a plurality of battery cells, and two first reinforcing plates 104. Each of the battery cells is defined with a length L, a thickness D, and a height H between the length L and the thickness D. A plurality of single cells 102 are arranged along a thickness direction, and adhered to each other by a structural adhesive. The two first reinforcing plates are arranged opposite to each other and respectively adhered to two surfaces of the battery array along the arrangement direction of the single cells, and constrain relative positions between the single cells.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] (Cross - reference to related applications) This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. "2019111981 32.9" filed by BYD Company Limited on November 29, 2019, and all of its contents are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] This application relates to the field of batteries, and particularly to battery packs and electric vehicles.

Background Art

[0003] In related technologies, a battery pack includes a tray and a seal cover, and a battery module is located within a receiving cavity defined by the tray and the seal cover. The tray includes a tray bottom plate and side beams connected around the bottom plate. To increase the rigidity and strength of the tray, horizontal beams and / or vertical beams for reinforcement are provided within the tray. The battery module is fixed to the horizontal beams and / or vertical beams by screws or other structural members. The batteries and structural members inside the battery pack are all scattered therein and are integrally combined by fastening members or adhesive techniques. Therefore, from the system level, the integrity of this type of battery pack is not high. As a result, after the battery pack is attached to the vehicle, the structure of the battery pack itself cannot meet the mechanical safety performance at the vehicle level, and it is necessary to support and protect the structure of the battery pack with the vehicle frame. Therefore, the compactification and weight reduction of the current battery pack and vehicle cannot be actually realized, the overall cost is high, and the vehicle ​​This also leads to a complex structural design for the battery pack. [Overview of the project]

[0004] To solve at least one of the technical problems described above, a battery according to the first aspect of the present application The pack has a length L, a thickness D, and a height H between the length L and the thickness D, and the thickness direction A battery array comprising multiple single cells arranged along and bonded together with structural adhesive, , provided on opposite sides of each other, and along the arrangement direction of the single cell, Two first elements are bonded to the surface to constrain the relative position between the single cells. Includes a reinforcing plate.

[0005] In some embodiments of the present application, the two first reinforcing plates are each the height of the single cell It is bonded to two opposite surfaces along the same direction.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present application, at least one of the single cells is 600 mm ≤ L ≤ 2 The dimensions must be 500mm, and the ratio of L / D must satisfy 10 ≤ L / D ≤ ​​208.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery pack is provided along the height direction of the single cell. It includes a multi-layered battery array, with a partition plate provided between two adjacent battery arrays. The partition plate is fixedly attached to the battery array located on both sides of the partition plate. ru.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, a second complement is provided between at least two adjacent cells. A reinforcing plate is provided, and the second reinforcing plate is fixed to the single cells located on both sides of the second reinforcing plate. It can be attached to a target.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery pack further includes a top cover and a tray. The tray includes a bottom plate and a side frame surrounding the bottom plate, and the upper cover is , connected to the tray and defining the battery housing cavity, the battery array is the battery housing It is located within the cavity.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the two first reinforcing plates each belong to the upper cover This constitutes the bottom plate.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery pack further includes a protective plate, and the protective plate It is located on the outer surface of the bottom plate.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the protective plate comprises two layers of aluminum plate and the two layers of aluminum Includes a steel plate or foamed aluminum plate sandwiched between aluminum plates, Alternatively, the protective plate is made of two fiber composite layers and a material sandwiched between the two fiber composite layers. The material comprises a foam polymer layer, and the fiber composite layer comprises a glass fiber layer or a carbon fiber layer.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the outer surfaces of the two first reinforcing plates are, respectively, the upper The inner surface of the cover and the inner surface of the bottom plate are bonded together.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, at least one of the bottom plate and the upper cover is , a steel plate or foamed aluminum sandwiched between two layers of aluminum plates Includes a nium plate, Alternatively, at least one of the bottom plate and the upper cover is a two-layer fiber composite layer and The fiber composite layer comprises a foamed polymer layer sandwiched between two fiber composite layers, the fiber composite layer being made of glass fiber It includes a fiber layer or a carbon fiber layer.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, a seal groove is provided at a position corresponding to the side frame of the upper cover, a sealant layer is provided in the seal groove, and the upper cover and the tray are sealingly connected by the sealant layer.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, a structural adhesive is filled in the gap between the battery array and the side frame.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the single battery includes a first end portion and a second end portion provided on opposite sides along the length direction, the side frame includes a first side frame and a second side frame provided on opposite sides along the length direction of the single battery, the first end portion of the single battery is supported by the first side frame, and the second end portion of the single battery is supported by the second side frame.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, a first support step is provided on the first side frame, a second support step is provided on the second side frame, the first end portion of the single battery is supported by the first support step, and the second end portion of the single battery is supported by the second support step.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery pack further includes a support structure, and the space between the first end portion of the single battery and the first side frame and / or the space between the second end portion of the single battery and the second side frame is fittingly supported by the support structure.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the support structure includes a first support block, and the lower surface of the first end portion of the single battery is supported by the first support block on the first side frame , and / or the lower surface of the second end of the single cell is supported by the first support block. It is supported by a second side frame.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, the support structure includes a second support block, and the single The side of the first end of the battery facing the first side frame is supported by the second support block. Fitted with the first side frame and / or the second end of the single cell facing the second side frame The side is fitted to the second side frame by the second support block.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, the single cell includes an electrode terminal, and the electrode terminal is They are provided at the first and second ends of each single cell, and openings are provided in the support structure, The electrode terminals of the aforementioned single cell are electrically connected by a cell connector, passing through the opening. ru.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery pack further includes an insulating partition plate, The insulating partition plate is located between the support structure and the inner surface of the side frame.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery pack is arranged relative to each other along the direction of arrangement of the individual cells. Including a third side frame and a fourth side frame provided on the opposite side, the third side frame and the fourth side The frames are attached and secured to the adjacent single cells.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present application, the third side frame and / or the fourth side frame are reinforced with a reinforcing beam. A reinforcement beam is provided, and the reinforcement beam limits the expansion of the battery array.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the first reinforcing plate is 1 to 3 mm.

[0027] An electric vehicle relating to the second aspect of the present application includes a battery pack as described in any one of the above paragraphs.

[0028] Compared to the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides a single battery array Two opposite surfaces along the battery arrangement direction are used to constrain the relative position between the individual cells. By providing two first reinforcing plates, when bonding single cells together, two adjacent plates The weak points present in the gaps of the single cell are removed, and the two first reinforcing plates and the battery array are, By creating a honeycomb structure, the battery pack becomes a highly rigid, integrated structural component. Designed to have high stability resistance, high bending rigidity, and lightweight properties, this type of honeycomb structure offers high stability resistance, high bending rigidity, and lightweight construction. The effect is clear, with a significant improvement in the rigidity and strength of the battery pack, and an improvement in mechanical safety and reliability. To improve performance. By making the structural strength of the integrated battery pack part of the vehicle's structural strength during use. Furthermore, the battery pack can enhance the structural strength of the vehicle and protect the battery pack within the vehicle. It is not necessary, and this design protects the structural strength of the battery pack in the vehicle frame. The design structure is simplified or omitted to meet the design requirements for vehicle weight reduction, and the design and manufacturing of the vehicle are improved. This can reduce manufacturing costs and improve the efficiency of vehicle production. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0029] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram showing that the first reinforcing plate is bonded to the battery array according to the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack relating to the present invention. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram of the battery array relating to the present invention. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram showing that the battery array relating to the present invention is located inside the tray. [Figure 5] This is a schematic diagram showing how the battery array according to the present invention is bonded to the tray and the upper cover. [Figure 6] This is a schematic diagram showing how the battery array according to the present invention is fitted to the side frame of the tray. [Figure 7] This is a magnified section of Figure 6. [Figure 8] This is a schematic diagram of the first support structure relating to the present application. [Figure 9] This is a schematic diagram of the second support structure relating to the present application. [Figure 10] This is an exploded view of the second support structure, cell connector, and insulating end cover relating to the present application. [Figure 11] This is a schematic diagram showing that the first reinforcing plate according to the present invention is bonded to the bottom plate of the tray. [Figure 12] This is a schematic diagram showing that a protective plate is provided on the outer surface of the bottom plate according to the present invention. [Figure 13] This is a schematic diagram showing that a second reinforcing plate is provided in the battery array according to the present invention. [Figure 14] This is a schematic diagram of the single cell according to the present invention. [Figure 15] This is a cross-sectional view of the battery pack relating to the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0030] As shown in Figure 1, the battery pack 100 according to the present invention has a length L, a thickness D, and the length L Having a height H between the thickness D, arranged along the thickness direction, and in the structural adhesive 1011 A battery array 101 including multiple single cells 102 which are more closely bonded, and provided on opposite sides of each other and are bonded to two surfaces of the battery array 101 along the arrangement direction of the single cell 102. This provides two first reinforcing plates 104 to restrain the relative position between the single cells 102, include.

[0031] In conventional technology, multiple single cells 102 are first assembled into a battery module, multiple The battery module is bonded to the battery pack 100 using fastening members or structural adhesives. The batteries and structure within the battery pack 100 are relatively scattered, and there is a gap between the fastening member and the batteries. Many gaps exist between batteries, between fasteners, and between fasteners. There are weak points in the force-bearing area, and the entire battery pack 100 is subjected to external pressure or impact. As a result, these weak points in the force-bearing area are destroyed first by the external force, and the fastening members and adhesive... The fastening mechanism is lost, and the entire battery pack 100 is rapidly destroyed.

[0032] In order to resist destruction by external forces, the housing of the battery pack 100 in related technologies By improving its strength, it can resist the impact of external forces, and the battery pack 100 To improve strength, use higher-strength steel or a thicker bottom plate 1035 for tray 103. Alternatively, the tray 103 may be made to have a multilayer structure with a cavity. Although reinforcing ribs are provided within the structure, regardless of the implementation method, the entire battery pack 100 To increase the weight or reduce the limited usable space of the battery pack 100, It reduces the energy density by 100.

[0033] In this application, single cells 102 are bonded together to form a battery array 101, and the battery array 101 The first reinforcing plate 104 is bonded to two opposite surfaces of the single cell 102 along the arrangement direction. The two first reinforcing plates 104 constrain the relative positions between the multiple single cells 102, and multiple The single cell 102 can be connected to the integrated structure, and the integrated structure is located between the single cell 102. This eliminates weak points caused by gaps, giving the battery pack 100 extremely high rigidity. Designed to be a structural member. On the other hand, two first reinforcing plates 104 and two first The battery array 101 located between the reinforcing plates 104 forms a honeycomb structure, and the mechanical angle Analysis from a metric perspective shows that the honeycomb structure can withstand the maximum force with the least amount of material. When the battery array 101 is subjected to a load perpendicular to the first reinforcing plate 104, the first reinforcing plate 10 4 and the battery array 101 deform in coordination. The rigidity and strength of the battery pack 100 are greatly improved. This improves mechanical safety and reliability.

[0034] In this application, as shown in Figure 14, the single cell 102 is a rectangular cell with a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the thickness Two first surfaces opposite each other in the direction, two second surfaces opposite each other in the height direction, and includes two third surfaces opposite each other in the longitudinal direction, the area of ​​the first surface is equal to the area of ​​the second surface The area of ​​the first surface is larger than the area of ​​the third surface.

[0035] The single cells 102 are arranged along the thickness direction, and the spaces between the single cells 102 are filled with structural adhesive. They are fixedly bonded together, that is, the first surfaces of the single cell 102 are bonded to each other, in other words The cells 102 are arranged and bonded together so that their large surfaces face each other. To further improve the bonding area of ​​the single cell 102 and increase the adhesive strength between the single cell 102. It can be done, If a shift occurs between the individual cells 102 in the direction of the arrangement of the individual cells 102, Therefore, the two first reinforcing plates 104 are aligned with the arrangement direction of the single cell 102 in the battery array 1 By being bonded to the two opposite surfaces of 01, the relative position between the single cell 102 It becomes easier to restrain them.

[0036] In this application, the two first reinforcing plates 104 are bonded to the two second surfaces of the single cell 102. Alternatively, it may be attached to the two third surfaces of the single cell 102.

[0037] In this application, the length of the single cell 102 is greater than the height, and the height is greater than the thickness. The area of ​​the second surface, which is composed of length and thickness, is the same as the area of ​​the third surface, which is composed of height and thickness. To increase the adhesive strength and to have a larger area than the surface area, preferably two first reinforcing plates 10 4 is attached to the second surface of the single cell 102.

[0038] In this application, the two surfaces along the alignment direction of all single cells 102 are both first reinforcements The two surfaces of the single cell 102, which may be attached to the plate 104, are aligned with the arrangement direction of only a portion of the single cell 102. In either case, they may be directly bonded to the first reinforcing plate 104.

[0039] In other words, in this application, two second surfaces or two third surfaces of some single cells are first It may be bonded to the reinforcing plate 104, and to the two second surfaces of some other single cell 102 or 2 The third surface does not necessarily have to be bonded to the first reinforcing plate 104.

[0040] To improve adhesive strength, single cells 10 are directly bonded to the two first reinforcing plates 104. The number 2 is more than half the number of individual cells included in the battery array 101.

[0041] For at least one single cell 102 in the battery array 101, the single cell 102 The two second surfaces or the two third surfaces are both bonded to the two first reinforcing plates 104. It may be done so that one of the two second surfaces or two third surfaces of the single cell 102 is not exposed. One surface is bonded to the first reinforcing plate 104, while the other surface is not bonded to the first reinforcing plate 104. It's fine.

[0042] In this application, the entire area of ​​the two second surfaces or the two third surfaces of the single cell 102 is the first complement It may be bonded to the reinforcement plate 104, and some areas of the second surface of some single cells 102 or third A portion of the surface may be bonded to the first reinforcing plate 104.

[0043] In order to improve the overall strength of the battery pack 100, the present invention preferably uses a battery array The two second surfaces or two third surfaces of all single cells 102 in 101 are either It is also bonded to the first reinforcing plate 104, thereby maximizing the strength and rigidity of the battery pack 100. It can be improved.

[0044] In this application, the shape and area of ​​the two first reinforcing plates 104 are not particularly limited, and the two first The reinforcing plate 104 has a certain strength of its own and can connect the battery array 101 as a single unit. The requirements include increasing the structural strength of the battery array 101 and making it less prone to deformation. It is sufficient to satisfy the following conditions.

[0045] In some embodiments, the shape of the first reinforcing plate 104 is such that the first reinforcement of the battery array 101 The reinforcement plate 104 has the same shape as the surface to which it is bonded, and is provided in a corresponding manner, thereby the The reinforcing plate 104 can be more easily attached to the surface of the battery array 101.

[0046] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the first reinforcing plate 104 is the first reinforcement of the battery array 101. The area of the surface to which the reinforcement plate 104 is adhered may be different, as long as the strength of the battery pack 100 meets the requirements and the first reinforcement plate 104 can integrally connect the battery array 101 , the area of the first reinforcement plate 104 may be smaller than the area of the surface of the battery array 101 to which the first reinforcement plate 104 is adhered .

[0047] In some embodiments, at least one first reinforcement plate 104 is a "┐"-shaped plate body , and the "-" part of the "┐"-shaped plate body is provided by being adhered to the second surface of the single battery 102 in the battery array 101 , and the "│" part of the "┐" is provided by being adhered to the third surface of the single battery 10 2 in the battery array 101, or the "-" part of the "┐"-shaped plate body is provided by being adhered to the third surface of the single battery 102 in the battery array 101, and the "│" part of the "┐" is provided by being adhered to the second surface of the single battery 102 in the battery array 101 .

[0048] In some embodiments, at least one first reinforcement plate 104 is a "凵"-shaped plate body , and the "-" part of the "凵"-shaped plate body is provided by being adhered to the second surface of the single battery 102 in the battery array 101 , and the two "│" parts of the "凵"-shaped plate body are provided by being adhered to the third surface of the single battery 102 in the battery array 101, or the "-" part of the "凵"-shaped plate body is provided by being adhered to the third surface of the single battery 102 in the battery array 101 , and the two "│" parts of the "凵"-shaped plate body are provided by being adhered to the second surface of the single battery 102 in the battery array 101 .

[0049] At the edge of the first reinforcement plate 104, there are bends bent to the side surface of the battery array 101 By providing this section, the overall strength and structural stability of the battery array 101 can be improved. can.

[0050] In this application, the first reinforcing plate 104 and the single cell 102 in the battery array 101 are honeycomb The structure is formed such that the first reinforcing plate 104 and the single cell 102 in the battery array 101 cooperate. The deformation of the first reinforcing plate 104 simultaneously deforms the single cell 102, and the single cell 1 This is equivalent to increasing the additional bending moment on the first surface of 02, so honeycomb This leads to a decrease in the strength of the honeycomb structure. As the thickness of the first reinforcing plate 104 increases, the honeycomb structure To increase the strength of the structure. However, with the increase in the thickness of the first reinforcing plate 104, There is a maximum value for the increase in strength of the cam-like structure. The reason for this is as follows: First By increasing the thickness of the reinforcing plate 104, the bending rigidity of the first reinforcing plate 104 is improved, and the first reinforcing When the thickness of the reinforcement plate 104 increases to a certain extent, the strength of the honeycomb structure increases, It becomes dependent on the strength of 1. Eventually, the first reinforcing plate 104 becomes unstable and collapses. As a result, the support capacity of the entire honeycomb structure is lost. The inventor of this invention, through multiple experiments, When the thickness of the first reinforcing plate 104 is 0.5 to 5 mm, preferably 1 to 3 mm, the thickness By utilizing the first reinforcing plate 104 within the range, the honeycomb structure can achieve optimal reinforcement. I discovered that.

[0051] In this application, the first reinforcing plate 104 is manufactured from a metal material.

[0052] The first reinforcing plate 104 made of metal material protects the internal single cell 102 while also providing a heat dissipation effect. This can be achieved, and the first reinforcing plate 104 can be made of a metal material with high thermal conductivity. This includes, but is not limited to, aluminum, copper, and their alloys.

[0053] In actual implementation, the first reinforcing plate 104 is made of aluminum, which has high thermal conductivity and low density. It may be manufactured from a titanium alloy material.

[0054] As shown in Figures 1, 6, and 14, the longitudinal direction of the single cell 102 is defined as the Y direction. The height direction is defined as the Z direction, and the thickness direction is defined as the X direction.

[0055] The single cell 102 has a roughly rectangular parallelepiped structure, and even if the single cell 102 is a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube Often, or locally, it may have irregularities, but may be nearly a rectangular prism or a cube, or locally It has notches, protrusions, chamfers, bends, and curved sections, but overall it is roughly a rectangular prism or upright. It can be understood that a cube shape is also acceptable.

[0056] In some embodiments, the single cell 102 has a length of 600 mm ≤ L ≤ 2500 mm and 1 The condition satisfies 0 ≤ L / D ≤ ​​208.

[0057] The single cell 102 is long and thin, and is considered a rigid member with high strength. It can do so and functions well as a reinforcing beam within the housing, and reinforcing ribs within the housing. This can reduce the amount of battery used, thus reducing the overall weight of the 100 battery pack. Not only is it useful for that, but it can also greatly simplify the housing structure, thereby power To improve the space utilization rate of the pond pack 100 and the energy density of the battery pack 100 Useful.

[0058] In some embodiments, multiple layers of cells are arranged in the height direction (i.e., Z direction) of the single cell 102. A pond array 101 is provided, and a partition plate is provided between the adjacent two layers of battery arrays 101. The partition plate is fixedly attached to the battery array 101 located on both sides of the partition plate. It is possible.

[0059] In this embodiment, by providing a partition plate between the two layers of battery array 101, each layer The battery array 101 and the partition plates or panels located on the upper and lower surfaces of the battery array 101 are multiple A number of I-shaped beam structures are formed, forming a honeycomb structure, and the rigidity of the battery pack 100 and This significantly improves strength and enhances mechanical safety and reliability.

[0060] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 13, the overall strength of the battery pack 100 is further To improve performance, a second reinforcing plate 108 is placed between at least two adjacent single cells 102. It is provided. By providing the second reinforcing plate 108, the battery array 101 is provided in three dimensions. It can effectively absorb the impact force received and improve the overall mechanical strength of the battery array 101. ru.

[0061] In this application, the second reinforcing plate 108 may be an aluminum plate or a steel plate, and the second reinforcing plate The number of reinforcing plates 108 is not limited and may be one or more, and the number of second reinforcing plates 108 If there are multiple, a second reinforcing plate 108 is placed between each pair of adjacent single cells 102. A second reinforcing plate 108 may be provided between some adjacent single cells 102. It's okay.

[0062] To facilitate the tight stacking of the single cell 102 in the entire battery pack 100, In one embodiment, the shape of the second reinforcing plate 108 is substantially similar to the shape of the single cell 102. In other words, it can be manufactured as a "dummy cell". A "dummy cell" is visible from the outside. It is the same as a single cell 102, but the "dummy cell" has a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator inside. It can be understood that there is no configured electrode assembly, and the "dummy cell" is here. It simply serves a reinforcing function.

[0063] The second reinforcing plate 108 is fixedly attached to the single cell 102 located on both sides. This further improves the overall structure of the battery pack 100.

[0064] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5, the battery pack 100 has an upper cover 105 and further includes tray 103, the tray 103 is located around the bottom plate 1035 and the bottom plate 1035 Including the side frame surrounding it, the upper cover 105 and tray 103 are connected to the battery housing A cavity is defined, and the battery array 101 is located within the battery housing cavity.

[0065] In some embodiments, the two first reinforcing plates 104 are each connected to the upper cover 105 and This constitutes the base plate 1035.

[0066] In other words, the two surfaces of the battery array 101 are the top cover 105 and the bottom plate 10 It will be glued to 35.

[0067] In this embodiment, the surface of the battery array 101 facing the upper cover 105 is the upper cover 1 The surface of the battery array 101 that is bonded to 05 and faces the bottom plate 1035 is bonded to the bottom plate 1035. As a result, both opposite surfaces of the battery array 101 are connected to the battery pack 10 The housing of 0 is bonded, and the single cell 102 is also bonded, thereby the battery pack 100 To improve the integrity of the fastening member, the gap between the fastening member and the battery, the gap between the batteries, the fastening member This reduces the gap between the fastening member and the battery pack 100, and also reduces the number of weak points in the force-bearing area. This reduces the overall strength and rigidity of the battery pack 100.

[0068] In some embodiments, one of the first reinforcing plates 104 is on the inner surface of the upper cover 105. The other first reinforcing plate 104 is bonded (not shown) to the inner surface of the bottom plate 1035. (As shown in Figure 11). A battery array 101 of this type is located in the housing of the battery pack 100. It is indirectly bonded to the ring, facilitating assembly and processing.

[0069] In some embodiments, the upper cover 105 and / or tray 103 are multilayer composite structures It may be constructed in such a way that the battery pack 100 is well subjected to impacts from the vehicle, improving structural strength. It is possible.

[0070] In this embodiment, the bottom plate 1035 of the battery pack 100 has a sandwich composite material structure. It can be designed and has structural strength capable of supporting the entire battery module. Base plate 1035 It is designed with a composite panel structure to provide support strength to the bottom of the battery and to prevent stone chips and collisions at the bottom. Integrate the functions. The support strength function and liquid cooling function at the bottom of the battery may be integrated.

[0071] For example, in some specific embodiments, the multilayer composite structure consists of two layers of aluminum plate This includes a steel plate or foamed aluminum plate sandwiched between the two layers of aluminum plates, that is, Is the multi-layered composite structure made of aluminum sheet / foamed aluminum sheet / aluminum sheet? Alternatively, the multi-layered composite structure is aluminum sheet / steel sheet / aluminum sheet.

[0072] In other specific embodiments, the multilayer composite structure comprises two fiber composite layers and the two fiber composite layers. It includes a foamed material layer interposed between the composite layers.

[0073] The foamed material layer is a foamed polymer such as polyurethane foam or phenolic foam material. By including the material and using a foamed material layer, it is possible to achieve low thermal conductivity and high heat retention. Furthermore, if the density of the foam material is low and the seal cover is made of steel plate or aluminum alloy... Compared to that, the 100 battery pack is lighter.

[0074] The above fiber composite layer includes a glass fiber layer and / or a carbon fiber layer. That is, a multilayer composite The layers are: glass fiber layer / foam material layer / glass fiber layer, carbon fiber layer / foam material layer / carbon fiber layer Alternatively, it may be a glass fiber layer / foam material layer / carbon fiber layer on top of the battery pack 100. The part cover 105 and / or tray 103 are distributed between the foam material layer and the inside and outside of the foam material layer. Designed as a fiber composite layer, the fiber layer has high tensile strength and elastic modulus, and the battery pack 100 Not only does it not deform when its internal pressure increases within a certain range, but it also provides flame protection and insulation. It can also dissipate heat effectively, improving the safety performance of the 100 battery pack in extreme conditions. .

[0075] The structural strength of the integrated battery pack 100 can be considered part of the vehicle's structural strength, and the battery Pack 100 strengthens the structural strength of the vehicle and the battery pack 100 in the vehicle frame The design structure to protect structural strength is simplified, and the design requirements for vehicle weight reduction are met. This reduces design and manufacturing costs and improves the overall manufacturing efficiency of the vehicle.

[0076] In some embodiments, the bottom plate 1035 of the tray 103 is directly designed as a multilayer composite structure. If the bottom plate 1035 of tray 103 is damaged by an external force, the bottom plate 1035 will be a single cell Because it is glued together with 102, the bottom plate 1035 is difficult to replace and maintenance is difficult.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 12, for example, two first reinforcing plates 1 In an embodiment where 04 constitutes the upper cover 105 and the bottom plate 1035 respectively, the tray 103 The bottom plate 1035 is a single layer of aluminum plate, and the outer surface of the bottom plate 1035 of tray 103 A protective plate 111 is provided, and the protective plate 111 has a multi-layered composite structure. The protective plate 111 is movable Direct impacts to the bottom of the power battery pack 100 from flying stones and collisions It can effectively protect against physical damage, and its lightweight design and structure prevent stone chips and impacts at the bottom. It meets the requirements and has high safety and reliability. At the same time, the composite material of the bottom protective plate 111 is Furthermore, it possesses environmental reliability such as corrosion resistance and aging resistance, and the bottom plate 1035 is removable. It is structurally designed to have high protective capabilities and a compact structure, and future after-sales service This simplifies maintenance and significantly reduces post-sales maintenance costs.

[0078] The protective plate 111 has a multilayer composite structure, which is consistent with the above description, so its explanation is omitted here. To abbreviate.

[0079] The protective plate 111 and the frame of the battery pack 100 tray 103 are riveted together, and the automatic punching mechanism is used. It can be designed to use various connection and fastening methods, such as beds and bolted connections. It is easily removable, facilitating maintenance, servicing, and inspection.

[0080] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, there is a sealing groove at a position corresponding to the side frame of the upper cover 105. A sealant layer is provided in the seal groove, and the upper cover 105 and tray 103 are sealed. The layers are sealed together.

[0081] In this embodiment, the seal groove may be provided only in the upper cover 105, or only in the side frame. They may be provided, and both the upper cover 105 and the side frame may be provided with sealing grooves.

[0082] In this embodiment, the upper cover 105 and the side frame are fixed by rivet or bolt fastening. They can be combined and sealed, thereby improving the overall sealing performance of the battery pack 100. And improves structural strength.

[0083] A seal for sealing the sealing fitting area between the beam of the battery side frame and the upper cover 105. A groove is designed, and the sealant and sealing groove is designed in the battery side frame or upper cover 105. This ensures a seal and secure fixation between the side frame and the upper cover 105.

[0084] A structural adhesive is filled between the battery array 101 and the inner surface of the side frame. The gap between 101 and the side frame is always a weak point in terms of load bearing, so fill it with structural adhesive. This allows the single cell 102 and the side frame to be bonded together as one unit, improving strength.

[0085] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, in some embodiments, the single cell 102 is approximately a rectangular parallelepiped. Including a first end and a second end provided on opposite sides along the longitudinal direction, the side frame is a single cell The first side frame 1031 and the second side frame 103 are provided on opposite sides along the length of 102. Including 2, the single cell 102 is provided between the first side frame 1031 and the second side frame 1032. The first end of the single cell 102 is supported by the first side frame 1031, and the second end of the single cell 102 The end is supported by the second side frame 1032. In other words, the single cell 102 is supported by the first side frame 1 It extends between 031 and the second side frame 1032.

[0086] The single cell 102 extends between the first side frame 1031 and the second side frame 1032, and the single cell 10 Both ends of 2 are supported by the first side frame 1031 and the second side frame 1032, respectively, and a single cell 10 2 itself can be used as a horizontal or vertical beam to reinforce the structural strength of the housing. In other words, there is no need to provide a reinforcing structure in the housing to reinforce its structural strength. The single cell 102 itself directly replaces the reinforcing structure, ensuring the structural strength of the housing. This ensures that the jigging is resistant to deformation caused by external forces.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present application, a first support step 1034 is provided on the first side frame 1031. The second side frame 1032 is provided with a second support step, and the first end of the single cell 102 is the Supported by the support step 1034, the second end of the single cell 102 is supported by the second support step. It will be done.

[0088] In some embodiments of the present application, the first end of the single cell 102 is directly connected to the first side frame 1031. The second end of the single cell 102 may be supported indirectly or indirectly, and the second end of the single cell 102 is supported by the second side frame 1032 It may be directly or indirectly supported. Directly means that the first end of the single cell 102 is supported by the first The second end of the single cell 102 is fitted and supported in direct contact with the side frame 1031, and the second end of the single cell 102 is attached to the second side frame This refers to being directly in contact with and fitted together with 1032.

[0089] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the battery pack 100 further includes a support structure and single cell 10 The first end of 2 is fitted and supported with the first side frame 1031 by a support structure, and the single cell 102 The second end is fitted and supported with the second side frame 1032 by a support structure.

[0090] In this context, fitting means fitting and installing one single cell 102 into the space between the two side frames. This refers to the ability to perform such fittings, and such fittings include gap fittings, interlocking fittings, fastening fittings, and fixed fittings. Various fitting methods such as those mentioned above may be used, thereby achieving the objective of this application.

[0091] By providing a support structure between both ends of the single cell 102 in the longitudinal direction and the side frame, the battery allergy It can serve to reinforce the strength of I101 and the battery frame.

[0092] When the side frame is subjected to an external force, plastic deformation occurs, and both ends of the cell 102 in the longitudinal direction and If there is a large gap between the side frame and the cell, force cannot be transmitted between the side frame and the cell, The frame cannot serve as a reinforcement for the battery array 101, however the support structure When installed, even if the side frame is subjected to external force, the single cell 102 itself is a rigid member with high strength, and supports The support structure transmits force to the side frame, preventing plastic deformation of the side frame.

[0093] Specifically, in some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6, 7, and 15, the support structure is The first support block 106 is included, and the lower surface of the first end of the single cell 102 is the first support block The first side frame 1031 is supported by the lock 106, and / or the first of the single cell 102. The lower surface of end 2 is supported by the second side frame 1032 by the first support block 106. .

[0094] The first support block 106 is attached to the lower surfaces of both ends of the single cell 102 in the longitudinal direction. When the single cell 102 is fixed and arranged in the battery array 101, While it can perform a positioning function, the single cell 102 and the bottom plate 1035 of the tray 1035 It can provide insulating isolation to the first support block 10 6 may be integrally connected to the lower end surface of the single cell 102, and the strength of the entire battery pack 100 Furthermore, rigidity can be improved.

[0095] The lower surface of the first end of the single cell 102 is supported by the first support block 106, It may be supported by the first side frame 1031, or it may be supported by the support step on the first side frame 1031. Often, the lower surface of the second end of the single cell 102 is supported by the first support block 106. It may be supported by the second side frame 1032, or supported by a support step on the second side frame 1032. That's fine.

[0096] In some embodiments of the present application, the support structure includes a second support block 107, and single-phase The side surface of the first end of the pond 102 facing the first side frame 1031 is the second support block 10 7 is fitted to the first side frame 1031 and / or the second end of the single cell 102 The side surface facing the side frame 1032 is supported by the second support block 107. It fits together.

[0097] The cell 102 includes electrode terminals, and each electrode terminal is connected to the first end of the cell 102 A second end is provided, and an opening 1071 is provided in the support structure, and a plurality of the single cells 10 The electrode terminals of the 2 electrodes are electrically connected by the cell connector 110, passing through the opening 1071. It can be done.

[0098] In the first embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 10 and 14, the battery pack 100 is an insulating The system further includes a partition plate 109, the insulating partition plate 109 between the support structure and the inner surface of the side frame. It is located in between. The insulating partition plate blocks electrical contact between the cell connector 110 and electrode terminals and the side frame. This prevents short circuits and safety problems from occurring.

[0099] As shown in Figures 7 and 15, the second support structure is attached to the side of the electrode terminal, and The cell connector 110 of the battery 102 and the flexible circuit board (FPC) can be fixed in place. ru.

[0100] The electrode terminals of the single cell 102 are also weak points in terms of force absorption, and the second support block 107 is electric The pole terminals can be protected, and in the absence of the second support block 107, the side frame will be subjected to external forces. It acts directly on the electrode terminals after being struck or pressed, causing a malfunction of the battery pack 100. It is easy to get sick.

[0101] In this application, the specific structure of the support structure is not limited, and the support structure has a certain strength and withstands external forces. It is sufficient that it can withstand deformation, and in some embodiments, the material of the support structure is P One of the following: ether plastic (PPS), glass fiber, or polycarbonate. Includes multiple species.

[0102] In some embodiments of the present application, the side frame is provided on the opposite side along the arrangement direction of the single cell 102. The third side frame 1033 and the fourth side frame are included, and the multiple single cells 102 are located in the third side frame 1 It is arranged in parallel between 033 and the fourth side frame, and the third side frame 1033 and the fourth side frame are They are attached to and secured to the adjacent single cell 102.

[0103] The third side frame 1033 and the fourth side frame are integrally formed with the battery array 101, and the battery The side frame clamps the battery array 101 along the direction of arrangement of the individual cells 102.

[0104] In other words, the third side frame 1033 is provided adjacent to the third side frame 1033, and a single cell 1 A biasing force is applied to 02 toward the fourth side frame, and the fourth side frame is provided adjacent to the fourth side frame By applying a biasing force toward the third side frame 1033 to the single cell 102, multiple single cells are formed. The battery 102 can be tightly arranged between the third side frame 1033 and the fourth side frame, The individual cells 102 can be glued together. Also, the third side frame 1033 The and fourth side frame can restrict the position of multiple single cells 102, in particular single cell 10 When 2 expands slightly, it cushions against the single cell 102 and provides inward pressure. This fulfills its purpose and prevents the expansion and deformation of the single cell 102 from becoming too large. .

[0105] To further solve the problem of the battery array 101 swelling, a third side frame 1033 and / or A reinforcing beam is provided on the fourth side frame described above, and the reinforcing beam is in close contact with the outer surface of the adjacent cell. Alternatively, a certain gap can be set in advance, when the battery array 101 expands. It serves to restrict the position.

[0106] The side frame of tray 103 and the bottom plate 1035 may be bonded together with structural adhesive. They may be directly welded, or connected with bolts, and the side frames may be a single, integrated frame. A separate formwork is also acceptable. In this application, the side frame is preferably a separate formwork, that is, The first side frame 1031, the second side frame 1032, the third side frame 1033, and the fourth side frame are divided The two side frames can be separated and further reinforced with fastening members at the connection point.

[0107] In steps 1-7 below, the single cell 102 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the electrode terminals of the single cell 102 The child is provided at both ends along the length direction of the single cell 102, the first side frame 1031, the second side frame 1032, the third side frame 1033, and the fourth side frame are separate formwork, and two first reinforcing plates For example, let's consider the case where 104 constitutes the upper cover 105 and the bottom plate 1035 of the battery pack. Next, I will explain how to assemble the battery pack 100.

[0108] In step 1, multiple single cells 102 are arranged in a battery array along the thickness direction, and the single cells Align the 102 cells in the height direction, align the single cell 102 cells in the length direction, and structure the space between the single cell 102 cells. The cells are bonded together with adhesive 1011, and the arrangement direction of the single cell 102 is set to the X direction, and the single cell 10 Set the length direction of 2 as the Y direction.

[0109] In step 2, along the X direction, the two outermost single cells 102 of the battery array 101 The third side frame 1033 and the fourth side frame are located on the two largest opposite first surfaces. Glue it in place (this direction is not the direction in which the electrode terminals are pulled out).

[0110] In step 3, the first side frame 103 is attached to the two end faces of the battery array 101 along the Y direction. The first and second side frames 1032 are provided.

[0111] In step 4, the first side frame 1031 and the second side frame 1032 and the third side frame 1033 and The connection points with the fourth side frame are connected by welding or by fastening components (such as bolts).

[0112] In step 4, two opposite sides of the arrangement direction of the single cell 102 of the battery array 101 Two first reinforcing plates 104 are bonded to the surface.

[0113] In step 5, the first reinforcing plate 104, the first side frame 1031, the second side frame 1032, The connection point between the third side frame 1033 and the fourth side frame is connected with structural adhesive or fastening member. One of the first reinforcing plates 104 is the upper cover 105 of the battery pack 100, and the other is The first reinforcing plate 104 is the bottom plate 1035 of the battery pack 100.

[0114] In step 6, a protective plate 111 is added to the outer surface of the bottom plate 1035.

[0115] In step 7, fill the gap between the battery array 101 and the side frame with structural adhesive, or A support structure will be provided.

[0116] As can be seen from the assembly method described above, all six sides of the single cell 102 have a strong structure. By incorporating strength and designing the battery pack 100 as an integrated structure, rigidity and strength are significantly improved. This improves the mechanical safety and reliability significantly. Structure of the integrated battery pack 100 Strength can be part of the vehicle's structural strength, and the battery pack 100 is part of the vehicle's structural strength Designed to strengthen and protect the structural strength of the battery pack 100 in the vehicle frame. By simplifying the construction, meeting the design requirements for vehicle weight reduction, and reducing the design and manufacturing costs of the vehicle, This can improve the efficiency of vehicle manufacturing.

[0117] In this application, the battery pack 100 further includes a battery management system.

[0118] The electric vehicle according to the second aspect of the present application includes the battery pack 100. It has a long range and low cost.

[0119] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, the terms "attachment" and "connection" are used. The terms "connection" and "removable connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, fixed connection, removable connection. Alternatively, it may be an integrated connection, a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, directly This may be a direct connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, or even internal communication between two elements. i. A person skilled in the art would understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application depending on the specific circumstances. It is possible.

[0120] In this specification, reference terms such as "examples," "specific examples," and "examples" are used in their explanations. The specific features, structure, materials, or properties described in combination with the embodiments or examples are as described in this document. This means that it is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the above The illustrative expressions of terms are not necessarily limited to the same examples or cases. The specific features, structures, materials, or properties described may not apply to any one or more embodiments or examples. They can be combined appropriately.

[0121] Although embodiments of this application have been illustrated, the principles and Without deviating from the intent, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations may be made to these embodiments. This can be done, and the scope of this application is limited by the claims and their equivalents. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0122] 100, Battery pack 101, Battery array 1011, Structural adhesive 102, single cell 103, Tray 1031, First side frame 1032, Second side frame 1033, Third side Frame 1034, first support step 1035, bottom plate 104. First reinforcing plate 105, Top cover 106, First support block 107, second support block 1071, opening 108. Second reinforcing plate 109. Insulating partition plate 110, Cell connector 111, protection plate X, thickness direction of the single cell Y, the length direction of the single cell. Z, the height direction of the single cell

Claims

1. A battery pack for use in a vehicle, A battery array comprising a plurality of single cells, each single cell defined by length L, thickness D, and height H, satisfying L > H > D, the plurality of single cells arranged along the thickness direction, and the plurality of single cells bonded to each other with structural adhesive, The invention includes two first reinforcing plates, the two first reinforcing plates being located on opposite sides of each other, and the two first reinforcing plates being bonded to two surfaces of the battery array along the arrangement direction of the single cells, thereby constraining the relative positions between the single cells, The number of single cells directly bonded to the two first reinforcing plates is more than half the number of single cells included in the battery array. A second reinforcing plate is provided between at least two adjacent single cells, and the second reinforcing plate is fixedly attached to the single cells located on both sides of the second reinforcing plate. A battery pack characterized in that the second reinforcing plate is an aluminum plate or a steel plate.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that the two first reinforcing plates are each bonded to two opposite surfaces along the height direction of the single cell.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of the single cells satisfies 600 mm ≤ L ≤ 2500 mm and 10 ≤ L / D ≤ ​​208.

4. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the battery pack includes a plurality of battery arrays arranged along the height direction of the single cell, a partition plate is provided between two adjacent battery arrays, and the partition plate is fixedly attached to the battery arrays located on both sides of the partition plate.

5. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an upper cover and a tray, wherein the tray comprises a bottom plate and a side frame provided around the bottom plate, the upper cover and the tray are connected to define a battery housing cavity, and the battery array is located within the battery housing cavity.

6. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the battery pack further includes a side frame, the two first reinforcing plates each constitute an upper cover and a bottom plate, the bottom plate and the side frame constitute a tray, and a battery housing cavity for housing a plurality of single cells is defined by the upper cover and the tray.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, further comprising a protective plate, wherein the protective plate is located on the outer surface of the bottom plate.

8. The protective plate includes two layers of aluminum plates and a steel plate or foamed aluminum plate sandwiched between the two layers of aluminum plates. Alternatively, the battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that the protective plate includes two fiber composite layers and a foamed polymer layer sandwiched between the two fiber composite layers, and the fiber composite layers include a glass fiber layer or a carbon fiber layer.

9. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that the outer surfaces of the two first reinforcing plates are bonded to the inner surface of the upper cover and the inner surface of the bottom plate, respectively.

10. At least one of the bottom plate and the upper cover includes two layers of aluminum plate and a steel plate or foamed aluminum plate sandwiched between the two layers of aluminum plate, Alternatively, the battery pack according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein at least one of the bottom plate and the upper cover includes two fiber composite layers and a foamed polymer layer sandwiched between the two fiber composite layers, and the fiber composite layers include a glass fiber layer or a carbon fiber layer.

11. The battery pack according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that a sealing groove is provided in the upper cover at a position corresponding to the side frame, a sealant layer is provided in the sealing groove, and the upper cover and the tray are sealed together by the sealant layer.

12. The battery pack according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that a structural adhesive is filled in the gap between the battery array and the side frame.

13. The battery pack according to any one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the single cell includes a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other along the longitudinal direction, the side frame includes a first side frame and a second side frame provided opposite to each other along the longitudinal direction of the single cell, the first end of each single cell is supported by the first side frame, and the second end of each single cell is supported by the second side frame.

14. The battery pack according to claim 13, characterized in that a first support step is provided on the first side frame, a second support step is provided on the second side frame, a first end of the single cell is supported on the first support step, and a second end of the single cell is supported on the second support step.

15. The battery pack according to claim 14, further comprising a support structure, wherein the first end of each cell and the first side frame, and / or the second end of each cell and the second side frame, are fitted and supported by the support structure.

16. The battery pack according to claim 15, characterized in that the support structure includes a first support block, the lower surface of the first end of each cell is supported by the first support block on the first side frame, and / or the lower surface of the second end of each cell is supported by the first support block on the second side frame.

17. The battery pack according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the support structure includes a second support block, the side surface of the first end of each cell facing the first side frame is fitted with the first side frame by the second support block, and / or the side surface of the second end of each cell facing the second side frame is fitted with the second side frame by the second support block.

18. The battery pack according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that each cell includes an electrode terminal, the electrode terminals are provided at a first end and a second end of each cell, the support structure is provided with an opening, and the electrode terminals of each cell are electrically connected by a cell connector passing through the opening.

19. The battery pack according to claim 18, further comprising an insulating partition plate, wherein the insulating partition plate is located between the support structure and the inner surface of the side frame.

20. The battery pack according to any one of claims 5 to 19, wherein the battery pack includes a third side frame and a fourth side frame provided on opposite sides along the arrangement direction of the single cells, and the third side frame and the fourth side frame are attached to and fixed to adjacent single cells, respectively.

21. The battery pack according to claim 20, characterized in that reinforcing beams are provided on the third side frame and / or the fourth side frame, and the reinforcing beams limit the expansion of the battery array.

22. An electric vehicle characterized by including a battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 21.

Images