Terminals, wireless communication methods, base stations and systems

Abstract

A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises: a reception unit that receives a setting for a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of a shared channel; and a control unit that, on the basis of the setting, applies to the DMRS N consecutive elements in a Walsh matrix as an orthogonal cover code (OCC). An embodiment of the present disclosure makes it possible to use a suitable number of DMRS ports.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This disclosure relates to terminals and wireless communication methods in next-generation mobile communication systems. 、 base station and system Regarding. [Background technology]

[0002] Long Term Evolution (LTE) was specified for Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks with the aim of achieving even higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Furthermore, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel.10-14) was specified for the aim of further increasing capacity and sophistication of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (for example, 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel.15 and later, etc.) are also being considered. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0004] [Non-Patent Document 1] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] Future wireless communication systems (e.g., NR) incorporate beam management techniques. For example, in NR, beam formation (or utilization) is being considered at least one of the base station and the user terminal (User Equipment (UE)).

[0006] On the other hand, multiple port reference signals (e.g., demodulation reference signals (DMRS)) are used for purposes such as orthogonalization of layers. Future wireless communication systems will require an increase in the number of DMRS ports compared to existing specifications. However, how to increase the number of DMRS ports has not yet been thoroughly investigated. If an appropriate number of DMRS ports cannot be used, communication throughput and communication quality may deteriorate.

[0007] Therefore, this disclosure relates to a terminal that uses an appropriate number of DMRS ports, and a wireless communication method. 、 base station and system One of the objectives is to provide [this]. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] A terminal relating to one aspect of this disclosure is The first uses a frequency domain orthogonal cover code (FD-OCC) longer than 2. A receiver that receives the settings for the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and ,before Note 1 DMRS It was determined that the port of the second DMRS of another terminal, using a length 2 FD-OCC, is mapped within the same code division multiplexing (CDM) group as the port in question. It has a control unit that does the following. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to one aspect of this disclosure, an appropriate number of DMRS ports can be used. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0010] [Figure 1] Figure 1 shows an example of the DMRS configuration. [Figure 2] Figures 2A and 2B show an example of DMRS configuration type 1 / 2. [Figure 3] Figures 3A and 3B show an example of single-symbol DMRS. [Figure 4] Figures 4A and 4B show an example of double-symbol DMRS. [Figure 5] Figure 5 shows an example of DMRS configuration type 1 and single-symbol DMRS. [Figure 6] Figure 6 shows a first example of DMRS configuration type 1 and double-symbol DMRS. [Figure 7] Figure 7 shows a second example of DMRS configuration type 1 and double-symbol DMRS. [Figure 8] Figure 8 shows a first example of DMRS configuration type 2 and single-symbol DMRS. [Figure 9] Figure 9 shows a second example of DMRS configuration type 2 and single-symbol DMRS. [Figure 10] Figure 10 shows a first example of DMRS configuration type 2 and double-symbol DMRS. [Figure 11] Figure 11 shows a second example of DMRS configuration type 2 and double-symbol DMRS. [Figure 12] Figure 12 shows a third example of DMRS configuration type 2 and double-symbol DMRS. [Figure 13] Figure 13 shows an example of parameters for PDSCH DMRS configuration type 1. [Figure 14] Figure 14 shows an example of parameters for PUSCH DMRS configuration type 1. [Figure 15] Figures 15A and 15B show an example of the determination method for FD OCC with length 4. [Figure 16] Figure 16 shows an example of applying FD OCC with length 4 to DMRS configuration type 1. [Figure 17]Figure 17 shows an example of applying a length 4 FD OCC to DMRS configuration type 2. [Figure 18] Figures 18A and 18B show an example of a method for determining the FD OCC of length 6. [Figure 19] Figures 19A and 19B show an example of set 1 of FD OCC with length 6. [Figure 20] Figures 20A and 20B show an example of set 2 of FD OCC with length 6. [Figure 21] Figures 21A and 21B show an example of a set 3 of FD OCCs with length 6. [Figure 22] Figure 22 shows an example of applying a 6-length FD OCC to DMRS configuration type 1. [Figure 23] Figure 23 shows an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. [Figure 24] Figure 24 shows an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment. [Figure 25] Figure 25 shows an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. [Figure 26] Figure 26 shows an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment. [Figure 27] Figure 27 shows an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0011] (Beam management) NR incorporates beam management techniques. For example, NR considers forming (or utilizing) a beam at at least one of the base station and the UE.

[0012] By applying beamforming (BF), it is expected that the difficulty in ensuring coverage as carrier frequencies increase will be mitigated, and radio wave propagation loss will be reduced.

[0013] BF (Broadcast Field) is a technique that uses, for example, a multi-element antenna to control (also called precoding) the amplitude / phase of the signal transmitted or received from each element, thereby forming a beam (antenna directivity). Such a multi-element antenna used in Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems is also known as massive MIMO.

[0014] Beam sweeping may be performed on both the transmitting and receiving sides to select an appropriate pair from multiple candidate patterns of transmit and receive beam pairs. The transmit and receive beam pair may be called a beam pair and may be identified as a beam pair candidate index.

[0015] Furthermore, in beam management, instead of using a single beam, multiple levels of beam control, such as a rough beam and a fine beam, may be employed.

[0016] BF (Bass Flow) can be classified into digital BF and analog BF. Digital BF and analog BF may also be called digital precoding and analog precoding, respectively.

[0017] Digital BF is a method of performing pre-coding signal processing (for digital signals) on the baseband, for example. In this case, parallel processing such as Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT), Digital to Analog Converter (DAC), and Radio Frequency (RF) is required for each antenna port (or RF chain). On the other hand, a number of beams corresponding to the number of RF chains can be formed at any given time.

[0018] Analog BF is a method that uses a phase shifter on the RF signal, for example. Although analog BF cannot form multiple beams at the same time, it is easy to configure and inexpensive to implement because it only rotates the phase of the RF signal.

[0019] Furthermore, a hybrid BF configuration combining digital and analog BFs is also feasible. While the introduction of large-scale MIMO is being considered for NR, performing the enormous number of beamforming operations solely with digital BFs would result in a costly circuit configuration, so the use of a hybrid BF configuration is also being considered.

[0020] (TCI, spatial relations, QCL) In NR, it is considered to control the reception processing (e.g., at least one of reception, demapping, demodulation, and decoding) and transmission processing (e.g., at least one of transmission, mapping, precoding, modulation, and encoding) of at least one of a signal and a channel (which may be denoted as signal / channel; hereafter, "A / B" may similarly be read as "at least one of A and B") based on the Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state).

[0021] The TCI state may represent the one applied to the downlink signal / channel. The equivalent of the TCI state applied to the uplink signal / channel may be expressed as a spatial relation.

[0022] TCI status refers to information about signal / channel quasi-co-location (QCL), and may also be called spatial reception parameters or spatial relation information (SRI). TCI status may be set for each channel or signal in the UE.

[0023] QCL is an index that indicates the statistical properties of a signal / channel. For example, if two signals / channels have a QCL relationship, it may mean that we can assume that at least one of the following is identical between these different signals / channels: Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, and spatial parameter (e.g., spatial Rx parameter).

[0024] The spatial reception parameters may correspond to the UE's received beam (e.g., the received analog beam), and the beam may be identified based on the spatial QCL. In this disclosure, QCL (or at least one element of QCL) may be interpreted as sQCL (spatial QCL).

[0025] QCL may have multiple types (QCL types). For example, there may be four QCL types A and D that differ in the parameters (or parameter sets) that can be assumed to be the same, and these parameters (which may also be called QCL parameters) are shown below: QCL Type A: Doppler shift, Doppler spread, mean delay, and delay spread. QCL Type B: Doppler shift and Doppler spread, • QCL Type C: Doppler shift and mean delay, • QCL Type D: Spatial reception parameters.

[0026] Types A through C may correspond to QCL information related to synchronization processing of at least one of time and frequency, and Type D may correspond to QCL information related to beam control.

[0027] The assumption by the UE that a given control resource set (CORESET), channel, or reference signal is in a specific QCL (e.g., QCL type D) relationship with another CORESET, channel, or reference signal may be called a QCL assumption.

[0028] The UE may determine at least one of the transmit beam (Tx beam) and receive beam (Rx beam) of a signal / channel based on the TCI state or QCL assumption of the signal / channel.

[0029] The TCI state may, for example, be information regarding the QCL between the target channel (or the reference signal (RS) for that channel) and another signal (for example, another downlink reference signal (DL-RS)). The TCI state may be set (indicated) by upper-layer signaling, physical layer signaling, or a combination thereof.

[0030] In this disclosure, the upper-layer signaling may be, for example, Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, or a combination thereof.

[0031] MAC signaling may use, for example, MAC Control Elements (MAC CEs) or MAC Protocol Data Units (PDUs). Broadcast information may also include, for example, Master Information Blocks (MIBs), System Information Blocks (SIBs), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSIs), or Other System Information (OSIs).

[0032] Physical layer signaling may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI).

[0033] The channel on which the TCI state is set (specified) may be at least one of the following: Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), or Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH).

[0034] Furthermore, the RS (DL-RS) that has a QCL relationship with the channel may be at least one of the following: a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB), a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), or a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS). Alternatively, the DL-RS may be a CSI-RS used for tracking (also called a Tracking Reference Signal (TRS)), or a reference signal (also called a QCL) used for QCL detection.

[0035] An SSB is a signal block that includes at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), and a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH). An SSB may also be called an SS / PBCH block.

[0036] The TCI state information element (RRC's "TCI-state IE") set by upper-layer signaling may include one or more QCL information ("QCL-Info"). The QCL information may include at least one of the following: information about the DL-RS with which it has a QCL relationship (DL-RS relationship information) and information indicating the QCL type (QCL type information). The DL-RS relationship information may include information such as the DL-RS index (e.g., SSB index, Non-Zero-Power (NZP) CSI-RS resource ID (Identifier)), the index of the cell where the RS is located, and the index of the Bandwidth Part (BWP) where the RS is located.

[0037] (Advancements in MIMO technology and beams) Incidentally, while MIMO technology has so far been used in frequency bands lower than 6 GHz, its application to frequency bands higher than 6 GHz is being considered for the future.

[0038] Frequency bands lower than 6GHz may also be called sub-6, Frequency Range (FR) 1, etc. Frequency bands higher than 6GHz may also be called above-6, FR2, millimeter wave (mmW), FR4, etc.

[0039] The maximum number of MIMO layers is assumed to be limited by the antenna size.

[0040] Even with mmW, by utilizing higher-order MIMO and having multiple UEs cooperate, the degrees of freedom and diversity of MIMO multiplexing can be improved, which in turn is expected to lead to improved throughput.

[0041] Thus, in future wireless communication systems (for example, NR from Rel.17 onwards), even at high frequencies (for example, FR2), it is anticipated that operation using only digital beams without analog beams (which may also be called full digital operation) or operation that predominantly uses digital beams will be employed.

[0042] For example, in fully digital operation, applying orthogonal precoding (or orthogonal beam, digital beam) to multiple UEs simultaneously can be expected to improve frequency utilization efficiency. If digital beam cannot be applied properly, interference between UEs will increase, leading to a deterioration in communication quality (or a decrease in cell capacity). Note that the term "orthogonal" in this disclosure may be interpreted as "quasi-orthogonal."

[0043] If a base station (which may be interpreted as a transmission / reception point (TRP), panel, etc.) can only transmit one beam at a time, the base station switches beams to transmit and receive to the UE. If a base station can transmit multiple beams at a time, it can transmit and receive with multiple UEs simultaneously using different beams.

[0044] Even if base stations become fully digital, as long as Rel.15 UEs exist, Rel.15 UEs should be accommodated (supported).

[0045] (DMRS) The front-loaded DMRS is the first (first symbol or near the first symbol) DMRS for faster demodulation. Additional DMRS can be set by the RRC for fast-moving UEs or high modulation and coding scheme (MCS) / rank (Figure 1). The frequency position of the additional DMRS is the same as that of the front-loaded DMRS.

[0046] For the time domain, either DMRS mapping type A or B is configured. In DMRS mapping type A, DMRS position l_0 is counted by the symbol index within the slot. l_0 is set by a parameter (dmrs-TypeA-Position) in the MIB or Common Serving Cell Configuration (ServingCellConfigCommon). DMRS position 0 (reference point l) means the first symbol in the slot or each frequency hop. In DMRS mapping type B, DMRS position l_0 is counted by the symbol index within the PDSCH / PUSCH. l_0 is always 0. DMRS position 0 (reference point l) means the first symbol in the PDSCH / PUSCH or each frequency hop.

[0047] The location of DMRS is defined by a specification table and depends on the duration of PDSCH / PUSCH. The location of additional DMRS is fixed.

[0048] For each frequency domain, either DMRS configuration type 1 or 2 is configured. DMRS configuration type 1 has a comb structure and is applicable to both CP-OFDM (transport precoding disabled) and DFT-S-OFDM (transport precoding enabled). DMRS configuration type 2 is applicable only to CP-OFDM. Figure 2A shows an example of DMRS configuration type 1. Figure 2B shows an example of DMRS configuration type 2.

[0049] Single-symbol DMRS or double-symbol DMRS is set.

[0050] Single-symbol DMRS is commonly used (it is a mandatory feature in Rel. 15). In single-symbol DMRS, the number of additional DMRS (symbols) is {0, 1, 2, 3}. Single-symbol DMRS supports both cases where frequency hopping is enabled and disabled. If the maximum number (maxLength) in the uplink DMRS configuration (DMRS-UplinkConfig) is not set, single-symbol DMRS is used. Figure 3A shows an example of single-symbol DMRS (number of additional DMRS = 3) for DMRS configuration type 1. Figure 3B shows an example of single-symbol DMRS (number of additional DMRS = 3) for DMRS configuration type 2.

[0051] Double-symbol DMRS is used for more DMRS ports (especially MU-MIMO). In double-symbol DMRS, the number of additional DMRS (symbols) is {0,1}. Double-symbol DMRS supports cases where frequency hopping is disabled. If the maximum number (maxLength) in the uplink DMRS configuration (DMRS-UplinkConfig) is 2 (len2), whether it is single-symbol DMRS or double-symbol DMRS is determined by DCI or configured grant. Figure 4A shows an example of double-symbol DMRS (number of additional DMRS = 1) in DMRS configuration type 1. Figure 4B shows an example of double-symbol DMRS (number of additional DMRS = 1) in DMRS configuration type 2.

[0052] Based on the above, the following combinations of possible DMRS configuration patterns are conceivable. • DMRS configuration type 1, DMRS mapping type A, single symbol DMRS • DMRS configuration type 1, DMRS mapping type A, double symbol DMRS • DMRS configuration type 1, DMRS mapping type B, single symbol DMRS • DMRS configuration type 1, DMRS mapping type B, double symbol DMRS • DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS mapping type A, single symbol DMRS • DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS mapping type A, double symbol DMRS • DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS mapping type B, single symbol DMRS • DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS mapping type B, double symbol DMRS

[0053] Multiple DMRS ports mapped to the same RE (Time and Frequency Resource) are called a DMRS CDM group.

[0054] For DMRS configuration type 1 and single-symbol DMRS, four DMRS ports can be used. Within each DMRS CDM group, two DMRS ports are multiplexed by a 2-length FD OCC. Between multiple DMRS CDM groups (two DMRS CDM groups), two DMRS ports are multiplexed by FDM (Figure 5).

[0055] An OCC of length 2 (FD OCC / TD OCC) is [+1 +1] for OCC index 0 and [+1 -1] for OCC index 1.

[0056] Eight DMRS ports can be used for DMRS configuration type 1 and double-symbol DMRS. Within each DMRS CDM group, two DMRS ports are multiplexed by a length 2 FD OCC, and two DMRS ports are multiplexed by a TD OCC. Between multiple DMRS CDM groups (two DMRS CDM groups), two DMRS ports are multiplexed by FDM (Figures 6 and 7).

[0057] Six DMRS ports can be used for DMRS configuration type 2 and single-symbol DMRS. Within each DMRS CDM group, two DMRS ports are multiplexed by a length 2 FD OCC. Between multiple DMRS CDM groups (three DMRS CDM groups), three DMRS ports are multiplexed by FDM (Figures 8 and 9).

[0058] Twelve DMRS ports can be used for DMRS configuration type 2 and double-symbol DMRS. Within each DMRS CDM group, two DMRS ports are multiplexed by a length 2 FD OCC, and two DMRS ports are multiplexed by a TD OCC. Between multiple DMRS CDM groups (three DMRS CDM groups), three DMRS ports are multiplexed by FDM (Figures 10, 11, and 12).

[0059] Here, we have shown an example of DMRS mapping type B, but DMRS mapping type A is similar.

[0060] In the parameters for PDSCH DMRS (Figure 13), DMRS ports 1000-1007 can be used for DMRS configuration type 1, and DMRS port 1000-1011 can be used for DMRS configuration type 2.

[0061] In the parameters for PUSCH DMRS (Figure 14), DMRS ports 0-7 can be used for DMRS configuration type 1, and DMRS ports 0-11 can be used for DMRS configuration type 2.

[0062] (Joint channel estimation) When joint channel estimation (coverage extension scheme) is set up for multiple slots / subslots, TD OCC may be applied to those multiple slots. When joint channel estimation (coverage extension scheme) is set up for multiple slots / subslots, the phase of the signals spanning those multiple slots / subslots may be assumed to be continuous / coherent. Setting up joint channel estimation may also mean setting up DMRS bundling (e.g., PUSCH-DMRS-Bundling for PUSCH, PUCCH-DMRS-Bundling for PUCCH).

[0063] A configured time domain window may be set for the UL / DL. For example, this setting may include at least two of the following: the index of the starting slot / subslot, the index of the ending slot / subslot, and the duration of the window. A TD OCC spanning multiple slots / subslots may be applied within that window.

[0064] (Reference signal port) Multiple port reference signals (e.g., Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), CSI-RS) are used for purposes such as orthogonalizing the MIMO layer.

[0065] For example, for Single User MIMO (SU-MIMO), different DMRS ports / CSI-RS ports may be configured for each layer. For Multi User MIMO (MU-MIMO), different DMRS ports / CSI-RS ports may be configured for each layer within a single UE, and for each UE as well.

[0066] Furthermore, using a number of CSI-RS ports greater than the number of layers used in the data is expected to enable more accurate measurement of channel status based on the CSI-RS, thereby contributing to improved throughput.

[0067] In Rel.15 NR, multi-port DMRS can support up to 8 ports for Type 1 DMRS (in other words, DMRS configuration type 1) and up to 12 ports for Type 2 DMRS (in other words, DMRS configuration type 2) by using technologies such as Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), Frequency Domain Orthogonal Cover Code (FD-OCC), and Time Domain OCC (TD-OCC).

[0068] In Rel.15 NR, the above FDM uses a comb-shaped transmission frequency pattern (comb-shaped resource set). The above FD-OCC uses cyclic shift (CS). Furthermore, the above TD-OCC can only be applied to double-symbol DMRS.

[0069] The terms OCC in this disclosure may be interpreted interchangeably with orthogonal codes, orthogonalization, cyclic shifts, and the like.

[0070] The type of DMRS may also be called the DMRS Configuration type.

[0071] Among DMRSs, those that perform resource mapping in units of two consecutive (adjacent) symbols may be called double-symbol DMRS, and those that perform resource mapping in units of one symbol may be called single-symbol DMRS.

[0072] Both DMRSs may be mapped to one or more symbols per slot, depending on the length of the data channel. A DMRS mapped to the beginning of a data symbol may be called a front-loaded DMRS, while a DMRS mapped additionally to any other position may be called an additional DMRS.

[0073] In the case of DMRS configuration type 1 and single-symbol DMRS, Comb and CS may be used for orthogonalization. For example, up to four antenna ports (APs) may be supported by using two types of Comb and two types of CS (Comb2+2CS).

[0074] In the case of DMRS configuration type 1 and double-symbol DMRS, Comb, CS, and TD-OCC may be used for orthogonalization. For example, up to 8 APs may be supported using two types of Comb, two types of CS, and TD-OCC ({1,1} and {1,-1}).

[0075] In the case of DMRS configuration type 2 and single-symbol DMRS, FD-OCC may be used for orthogonalization. For example, up to six APs may be supported by applying orthogonal codes (2-FD-OCC) to two adjacent resource elements (REs) in the frequency direction.

[0076] In the case of DMRS configuration type 2 and double-symbol DMRS, FD-OCC and TD-OCC may be used for orthogonalization. For example, up to 12 APs may be supported by applying orthogonal codes (2-FD-OCC) to two frequency-adjacent REs and TD-OCC ({1,1} and {1,-1}) to two time-adjacent REs.

[0077] Furthermore, in Rel.15 NR, multi-port CSI-RS supports up to 32 ports by using methods such as FDM, Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Domain OCC, and Time Domain OCC. The same methods as those used for DMRS described above may also be applied to orthogonalize the CSI-RS.

[0078] Now, the group of DMRS ports orthogonalized by FD-OCC / TD-OCC as described above is also called a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group.

[0079] Different CDM groups are orthogonal due to FDM. However, within the same CDM group, channel variations may disrupt the orthogonality of the applied OCC. In this case, receiving signals within the same CDM group at different receiving powers may cause a near-far problem, potentially compromising orthogonality.

[0080] Here, we will explain the TD-OCC / FD-OCC of DMRS in Rel.15 NR. DMRS mapped to a Resource Element (RE) is a DMRS series with FD-OCC parameters (which may also be called series elements, etc.) w f (k') and the TD-OCC parameters (which may also be called sequence elements, etc.) w t It may also be a sequence obtained by multiplying (l') by .

[0081] Both the TD-OCC and FD-OCC of the DMRS in Rel.15 NR correspond to OCCs with a sequence length (which may also be called OCC length) of 2. Therefore, the possible values ​​for k' and l' are both 0 and 1. By multiplying this FD-OCC by RE units, two DMRS ports can be multiplexed using the same time and frequency resources (2RE). By applying both FD-OCC and TD-OCC, four DMRS ports can be multiplexed using the same time and frequency resources (4RE).

[0082] The two tables of parameters for the foregoing PDSCH DMRS correspond to DMRS configuration types 1 and 2 respectively. Here, p indicates the number of antenna ports, and Δ indicates the parameter for shifting (offsetting) frequency resources.

[0083] For example, for antenna ports 1000 and 1001, {w f (0), w f (1)} = {+1, +1} and {w f (0), w f (1)} = {+1, -1} are applied, and they are orthogonalized using FD-OCC.

[0084] For antenna ports 1000 - 1001 and antenna ports 1002 - 1003 (and in the case of type 2, antenna ports 1004 - 1005 as well), different values of Δ are applied, and thus FDM is applied. Therefore, the antenna ports 1000 - 1003 (or 1000 - 1005) corresponding to single-symbol DMRS are orthogonalized using FD-OCC and FDM.

[0085] For type 1 antenna ports 1000 - 1003 and antenna ports 1004 - 1007, {w t (0), w t (1)} = {+1, +1} and {w t (0), w t (1)} = {+1, -1} are applied, and they are orthogonalized using TD-OCC. Therefore, the antenna ports 1000 - 1007 (or 1000 - 1011) corresponding to double-symbol DMRS are orthogonalized using FD-OCC, TD-OCC, and FDM.

[0086] In Rel.15, the total number of DMRS ports in a single-symbol DMRS configuration of type 1 (PDSCH DMRS) is 2 (by combo / FDM) × 2 (by FD OCC) = 4 ports. In Rel.15, the total number of DMRS ports in a double-symbol DMRS configuration of type 1 (PDSCH DMRS) is 2 (by combo / FDM) × 2 (by FD OCC) × 2 (by TD OCC) = 8 ports.

[0087] In Rel.15, the total number of DMRS ports in a single-symbol DMRS configuration of type 2 (PDSCH DMRS) is 3 (by FDM) × 2 (by FD OCC) = 6 ports. In Rel.15, the total number of DMRS ports in a double-symbol DMRS configuration of type 2 (PDSCH DMRS) is 3 (by comb) × 2 (by FD OCC) × 2 (by TD OCC) = 12 ports.

[0088] For CP-OFDM, the following are being considered: specifying a larger number of orthogonal DMRS ports for DL ​​and UL MU-MIMO without increasing DMRS overhead; aiming for a common design for DL ​​and UL DMRS; and doubling the maximum number of orthogonal DMRS ports for each applicable DMRS type, both for single-symbol and double-symbol DMRS, to support up to 24 orthogonal DMRS ports.

[0089] For example, the following configurations are being considered: setting the total / maximum number of DMRS ports for single-symbol DMRS in DMRS configuration type 1 to 8 ports; setting the total / maximum number of DMRS ports for double-symbol DMRS in DMRS configuration type 1 to 16 ports; setting the total / maximum number of DMRS ports for single-symbol DMRS in DMRS configuration type 2 to 12 ports; and setting the total / maximum number of DMRS ports for double-symbol DMRS in DMRS configuration type 2 to 24 ports.

[0090] Furthermore, TD OCC and FD OCC are being considered for application to DMRS. However, the specific OCC codes / sequences have not yet been sufficiently examined. For example, the performance of TD OCC degrades in cases of high Doppler shift. If OCC is not adequately considered, it may lead to a decrease in communication throughput.

[0091] Therefore, the inventors devised a method for multiplexing multiple DMRS ports.

[0092] The embodiments relating to this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Each of the following embodiments (for example, each case) may be used individually or at least two may be applied in combination.

[0093] In this disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. In this disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0094] In this disclosure, terms such as activate, deactivate, indicate, select, configure, update, and determine may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and operable may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0095] In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher-layer parameters, information elements (IE), settings, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control elements (MAC Control Element (CE)), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0096] In this disclosure, the upper-layer signaling may be, for example, Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, or a combination thereof.

[0097] In this disclosure, MAC signaling may include, for example, MAC Control Elements (MAC CEs) and MAC Protocol Data Units (PDUs). Broadcast information may include, for example, Master Information Blocks (MIBs), System Information Blocks (SIBs), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSIs), and Other System Information (OSIs).

[0098] In this disclosure, physical layer signaling may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI).

[0099] In this disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, and resource ID may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, and subset may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0100] In this disclosure, the terms used include: panel, panel group, beam, beam group, precoder, Uplink (UL) transmit entity, Transmission / Reception Point (TRP), base station, Spatial Relation Information (SRI), spatial relationship, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), Control Resource Set (CORESET), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), Reference Signal (RS), antenna port (e.g., Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port), antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), group (e.g., spatial relationship group, Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal group, CORESET group, Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) groups, PUCCH resource groups, resources (e.g., reference signal resources, SRS resources), resource sets (e.g., reference signal resource sets), CORESET pools, downlink Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state) (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, quasi-co-location (QCL), QCL assumptions, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0101] In this disclosure, the frequency domain index, subcarrier index, RE index, PRB index, and RB index may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0102] In this disclosure, applying OCC to a signal / resource and multiplying each RE element of a signal / resource by the corresponding element of OCC may be interpreted as mutually exclusive.

[0103] (Wireless communication method) In each embodiment, DMRS, DL DMRS, UL DMRS, PDSCH DMRS, and PUSCH DMRS may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0104] In each embodiment, orthogonal sequence, OCC, FD OCC, and TD OCC may be interchangeable.

[0105] In each embodiment, DMRS port, antenna port, and port may be interpreted as interchangeable. In each embodiment, port index and port number may be interpreted as interchangeable. In each embodiment, DMRS CDM group and CDM group may be interpreted as interchangeable. In each embodiment, antenna port indicator and antenna port field may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0106] In each embodiment, the DMRS for PDSCH (DMRS port numbers p=1000, 1001, ..., 10xx) and the DMRS for PUSCH (DMRS port numbers p=0, 1, ..., xx) may be interchangeable.

[0107] In each embodiment, the OCC index m={0,1,2,...}, DMRS port number p={1000,1001,...}, and DMRS port number p={0,1,...} may be interchangeable.

[0108] Each embodiment may be applied to at least one of DMRS configuration types 1 and 2 and a new DMRS configuration type. Each embodiment may be applied to at least one of a single-symbol DMRS and a double-symbol DMRS.

[0109] Each embodiment mainly describes the case where the determined OCC is used for FD OCC, but the determined OCC may also be applied to TD OCC.

[0110] In each embodiment, the Walsh matrix, Hadamard sequence, Walsh code, and Hadamard code may be interchangeable.

[0111] The UE may receive the DMRS settings for the PDSCH / PUSCH (e.g., RRC IE). Based on these settings, the UE may apply an FD-OCC with length N (an integer N > 2, e.g., 8 / 6 / 4 / 3) to the DMRS of the PDSCH / PUSCH.

[0112] <Embodiment #1> This embodiment relates to OCC codes / sequences.

[0113] An OCC of length N may be the N elements of each row in an N×N submatrix within the Walsh matrix. For example, if N=4, an FD OCC of length 4 may be determined from each row of a 4×4 submatrix within the Walsh matrix, as shown in Figure 15A, and as shown in Figure 15B. The UE may determine one of the four FD OCCs based on RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI and apply the determined FD OCC to the DMRS of PDSCH / PUSCH.

[0114] In DMRS configuration type 1, a length 4 FD OCC may be applied to four neighboring / consecutive REs within a single PRB, or to four neighboring / consecutive REs spanning consecutive PRBs. Figure 16 shows an example where three FD OCCs are applied across two PRBs. CDM group #0 corresponds to DMRS ports #0 / #1 / #2 / #3 and maps to the same RE with even frequency domain (subcarrier) indices (0, 2, ..., offset Δ=0). CDM group #1 corresponds to DMRS ports #4 / #5 / #6 / #7 and maps to the same RE (different from the RE of CDM group #1) with odd frequency domain (subcarrier) indices (1, 3, ..., offset Δ=1).

[0115] In DMRS configuration type 2, a length 4 FD OCC may be applied to 4 REs within a single PRB. Figure 17 shows an example where one FD OCC is applied within a single PRB. CDM group #0 corresponds to DMRS ports #0 / #1 / #2 / #3 and maps to the same RE with frequency domain (subcarrier) indices (0, 1, 6, 7).

[0116] In a Walsh matrix, the position of the subsequence / OCC is not limited to this example (the upper-left submatrix). The subsequence / OCC may be determined from any position within the Walsh matrix.

[0117] An OCC of length N may be a set of N consecutive elements in a Walsh matrix. Up to N OCC candidates can be defined from the Walsh matrix, and each OCC candidate may be a set of N consecutive elements in the Walsh matrix. From up to N OCC candidates, one OCC may be set / determined to apply to the DMRS.

[0118] According to this embodiment, the number of DMRS ports can be increased using a new OCC.

[0119] <Embodiment #2> This embodiment relates to OCC with N=6.

[0120] As shown in Figure 18A, six FD OCCs are determined from each row of a 6x6 submatrix in the Walsh matrix, as shown in Figure 18B, and each FD OCC may have a length of 6. The UE may determine one of the six FD OCCs based on RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI and apply the determined FD OCC to the DMRS of PDSCH / PUSCH.

[0121] A set of M (M<6) FD OCCs may be determined from the 6 OCCs obtained from the 6 rows of the aforementioned 6x6 submatrix. The M FD OCCs may be associated with OCC indices = 0, 1, ..., M-1, respectively. The UE may determine one of the M FD OCCs based on RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI and apply the determined FD OCC to the DMRS of PDSCH / PUSCH.

[0122] M FD OCCs out of 6 OCCs may be specified in the specification. The UE may determine M FD OCCs from the 6 OCCs based on at least one of the IDs set by upper-layer signaling and the IDs of the DMRS time-domain / frequency-domain resources. The IDs set by upper-layer signaling may be cell IDs. The IDs of the DMRS time-domain resources may be slot IDs / symbol IDs. The IDs of the DMRS frequency-domain resources may be PRB IDs / subcarrier IDs.

[0123] M of the six OCCs may be set by upper-layer signaling. One of the M FD OCCs may be indicated by DCI.

[0124] M=4 is also acceptable. The set of four FD OCCs may be one of several sets listed below. Here, row indices 0, 1, ..., 5 are associated with the six rows of the aforementioned 6x6 submatrix.

[0125] [Set 1] The FD OCCs with OCC indices 0, 1, 2, and 3 may correspond to the rows with row indices 0, 1, 2, and 3 of their submatrices, respectively (Figures 19A and 19B).

[0126] [Set 2] The FD OCCs with OCC indices 0, 1, 2, and 3 may correspond to the rows with row indices 0, 1, 2, and 4 of their submatrices, respectively (Figures 20A and 20B).

[0127] [Set 3] The FD OCCs with OCC indices 0, 1, 2, and 3 may correspond to the rows with row indices 0, 1, 3, and 5 of their submatrices, respectively (Figures 21A and 21B).

[0128] One of several sets (for example, any of sets 1 through 3) may be set by upper-layer signaling. One FD OCC (OCC index) within the set may be indicated by DCI. For example, if set 1 is set and OCC index 3 is indicated, the FD OCC may be [+1 -1 -1 +1 +1 -1]. For example, if set 2 is set and OCC index 3 is indicated, the FD OCC may be [+1 +1 +1 +1 -1 -1]. For example, if set 3 is set and OCC index 3 is indicated, the FD OCC may be [+1 -1 +1 -1 -1 +1].

[0129] In DMRS configuration type 1, a length 6 FD OCC may be applied to 6 REs within a single PRB. Figure 22 shows an example where one FD OCC is applied within a single PRB. CDM group #0 corresponds to DMRS ports #0 / #1 / #2 / #3 and maps to the same RE with even frequency domain (subcarrier) indices (0, 2, ..., offset Δ=0). CDM group #1 corresponds to DMRS ports #4 / #5 / #6 / #7 and maps to the same RE (different from the RE of CDM group #1) with odd frequency domain (subcarrier) indices (1, 3, ..., offset Δ=1).

[0130] A set may contain multiple orthogonal combinations of signs of length N consisting of N consecutive elements in a Walsh matrix, or signs whose elemental sum is 0, or multiple orthogonal combinations of signs whose elemental sum is 0. For example, the set may contain the combination of row indices 0 and 1 of the aforementioned submatrix (OCC indices 0 and 1 of set 3), the set may contain the combination of row indices 0 and 3 of the aforementioned submatrix (OCC indices 0 and 2 of set 3), or the set may contain the combination of row indices 0 and 5 of the aforementioned submatrix (OCC indices 0 and 3 of set 3). Multiple signs being orthogonal to each other may also mean that their cross-correlation (the sum of the element-wise multiplication results of the two signs) is 0.

[0131] According to this embodiment, the number of DMRS ports can be increased by using a 6-length FD OCC.

[0132] <Embodiment #3> This embodiment relates to the multiplexing of a DMRS using a new OCC (e.g., OCC of Rel. 18) and a DMRS using an existing OCC (e.g., OCC of Rel. 15 / 16 / 17) for MU-MIMO. The existing OCC may be an OCC of length 2. The new OCC may be an OCC of a length other than 2 (e.g., length 3 / 4 / 6 / 8, etc.).

[0133] It is preferable to allow MU-MIMO spanning existing UEs (e.g., UEs in Rel.15 / 16 / 17) and new UEs (e.g., UE in Rel.18). The multiplexing of existing DMRS (DMRS to which existing OCCs are applied) and new DMRS (DMRS to which new OCCs are applied) may follow at least one of the following options.

[0134] 《Option 1》 Existing DMRS (DMRS to which the existing OCC is applied) and new DMRS (DMRS to which the new OCC is applied) may be multiplexed by being associated with different CDM groups (FDM). The number of DMRS (DMRS ports) that can be multiplexed is limited by the number of CDM groups. In the existing specifications, the number of CDM groups is limited to 2 for DMRS configuration type 1, and the number of CDM groups is limited to 3 for DMRS configuration type 2.

[0135] 《Option 2》 Existing DMRS and new DMRS may be multiplexed within the same CDM group. In this case, the DMRS sequences must be orthogonal between the existing DMRS and the new DMRS. If the maximum number of DMRS ports is extended by FD OCCs, then FD OCCs that are orthogonal between the existing DMRS and the new DMRS can be used within the same CDM group. For example, the length 4 OCC#0[+1 +1 +1 +1] in Embodiment #1 is equivalent to two repetitions of the existing length 2 OCC#0[+1 +1]. For example, the length 4 OCC#1[+1 -1 +1 -1] in Embodiment #1 is equivalent to two repetitions of the length 2 OCC#1[+1 -1]. Even if a base station assigns the existing length 2 OCC#0 / #1 to an existing UE and the length 4 OCC#2 / #3 in Embodiment #1 to a new UE, those OCCs are orthogonal. In other words, any length 2 portion of the length 4 OCC in Embodiment #1 is orthogonal to the existing length 2 OCC.

[0136] 《Option 3》 Existing DMRS and new DMRS in PDSCH may be multiplexed within different CDM groups (similar to FDM, Option 1), while existing DMRS and new DMRS in PUSCH may be multiplexed within the same CDM group (similar to CDM, Option 2).

[0137] Whether a receiver can correctly decode an FD OCC depends on the number of REs (Resonance Elements) the receiver uses to decode the FD OCC. For example, if a receiver receives a signal on one or more PRBs (e.g., a multiple of 4 PRBs), the receiver will use the received signals on a multiple of 2 REs to decode the FD OCC. If a DMRS (Direct Delayed Signaling System) with an FD OCC of length 4 is multiplexed onto that FD OCC, the receiver will not be able to decode the FD OCC of length 4.

[0138] In PUSCH, the receiver is a base station, and because the base station recognizes that FD OCCs of different lengths are multiplexed, it can correctly decode existing and new DMRS signals. On the other hand, in PUSCH, the receiver is an UE, and it is difficult for an existing UE to decode an existing DMRS signal that has been multiplexed with a new DMRS signal.

[0139] According to this embodiment, resource utilization efficiency can be improved by redundantly deploying existing UEs and new UEs.

[0140] <Supplement> At least one of the embodiments described above may apply only to a UE that has reported or supports a particular UE capability.

[0141] The specific UE capability may represent at least one of the following: • To support specific processing / operation / control / information for at least one of the above embodiments. • To support a greater number of DMRS ports for PDSCH / PUSCH than the existing specifications. - To support a greater number of DMRS ports than existing specifications for PDSCH / PUSCH DMRS using TD-OCC / FD-OCC / FDM. • Maximum number of DMRS ports for PDSCH / PUSCH. • Supports FD OCC / TD OCCs with a length of 6 / 4 inches. • Supports the setting of M sets of OCCs.

[0142] Joint UE capabilities may be reported for multiple DMRS configuration types. Separate UE capabilities may be reported for multiple DMRS configuration types.

[0143] A joint UE capability may be reported for single-symbol DMRS and double-symbol DMRS. Separate UE capabilities may be reported for single-symbol DMRS and double-symbol DMRS.

[0144] Furthermore, the specific UE capabilities described above may be capabilities that apply across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), capabilities per frequency (e.g., cell, band, BWP), capabilities per frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or capabilities per subcarrier spacing (SCS).

[0145] Furthermore, the specific UE capabilities described above may be capabilities that apply across all duplexing schemes (common to all duplexing schemes), or they may be capabilities specific to each duplexing scheme (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD), Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0146] Furthermore, at least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied when the UE is configured with specific information related to the above-described embodiment through upper-layer signaling. For example, such specific information may be information indicating the activation of at least one of the above-described embodiments, or any RRC parameters for a particular release (e.g., Rel. 18).

[0147] If the UE does not support at least one of the above-mentioned specific UE capabilities or does not have the above-mentioned specific information set, the behavior of, for example, Rel.15 / 16 / 17 may be applied.

[0148] (Note) The following invention is added with respect to one embodiment of this disclosure. [Note 1] A receiver that receives the settings for the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of the shared channel, A terminal having a control unit that, based on the above setting, applies N consecutive elements in the Walsh matrix as orthogonal cover codes (OCCs) to the DMRS. [Note 2] The aforementioned OCC is a frequency domain OCC, as specified in Appendix 1. [Note 3] The control unit determines the OCC from N codes based on the setting, and each code is a terminal as described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2, where each code is a consecutive N element in the Walsh matrix. [Note 4] The control unit determines the OCC from a number of codes less than N based on the setting, and each code is a terminal according to any of the appendices 1 to 3, where each code is a consecutive N element in the Walsh matrix.

[0149] (Wireless communication system) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any or a combination thereof of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of this disclosure.

[0150] Figure 23 shows an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), etc., as specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0151] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), and so on.

[0152] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the Master Node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0153] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity where both MN and SN are NR base stations (gNB) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0154] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) located within the macrocell C1 that form a small cell C2 that is narrower than the macrocell C1. User terminals 20 may be located within at least one cell. The arrangement and number of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the configuration shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when base stations 11 and 12 are not distinguished, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0155] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of Carrier Aggregation (CA) using multiple Component Carriers (CC) and Dual Connectivity (DC).

[0156] Each CC may be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). A macrocell C1 may be included in FR1, and a small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may fall in a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0157] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may communicate using at least one of the following methods at each CC: Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD).

[0158] Multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber compliant with Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 interface, etc.) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, if NR communication is used as a backhaul between base stations 11 and 12, base station 11, which is the upstream station, may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is the relay station, may be called an IAB node.

[0159] Base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. The core network 30 may include at least one of the following: Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

[0160] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of the following communication methods: LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc.

[0161] In the wireless communication system 1, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless access scheme may be used. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), etc., may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0162] The wireless access method may also be called a waveform. In wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (for example, other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) may be used for the UL and DL wireless access methods.

[0163] In the wireless communication system 1, a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), a Broadcast Channel (PBCH), or a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) may be used as the downlink channel, shared by each user terminal 20.

[0164] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the uplink channel may include a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), or the like, all of which are shared by each user terminal 20.

[0165] User data, higher-layer control information, and System Information Blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via PDSCH. User data and higher-layer control information may also be transmitted via PUSCH. Furthermore, Master Information Blocks (MIBs) may be transmitted via PBCH.

[0166] Lower-layer control information may be transmitted by PDCCH. The lower-layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) which includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

[0167] Furthermore, the DCI that schedules PDSCH may be called a DL assignment or DL ​​DCI, and the DCI that schedules PUSCH may be called a UL grant or UL DCI. Furthermore, PDSCH may be interpreted as DL data, and PUSCH may be interpreted as UL data.

[0168] PDCCH detection may utilize a Control Resource Set (CORESET) and a search space. A CORESET corresponds to the resources used to search for DCIs. A search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A single CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor CORESETs associated with a particular search space based on the search space configuration.

[0169] A single search space may correspond to one or more PDCCH candidates corresponding to aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. In this disclosure, "search space," "search space set," "search space configuration," "search space set configuration," "CORESET," and "CORESET configuration" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0170] PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) which includes at least one of the following: channel state information (CSI), delivery acknowledgment (e.g., Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with the cell.

[0171] In this disclosure, downlinks, uplinks, etc., may be expressed without the prefix "link." Also, the prefix "physical" may be omitted when describing various channels.

[0172] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc., may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, as DL-RS, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc., may be transmitted.

[0173] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) may be called an SS / PBCH block, SS Block (SSB), etc. SS, SSB, etc., may also be called reference signals.

[0174] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the Uplink Reference Signal (UL-RS) may transmit the Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), etc. The DMRS may also be called the User-Specific Reference Signal (UE-specific Reference Signal).

[0175] (base station) Figure 24 shows an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that one or more of the control unit 110, transceiver unit 120, transceiver antenna 130, and transmission line interface 140 may be provided.

[0176] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.

[0177] The control unit 110 controls the entire base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0178] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may also perform call processing of communication channels (setting, releasing, etc.), status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0179] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0180] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or it may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may consist of a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may consist of a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122 and a measuring unit 123.

[0181] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be composed of an antenna described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0182] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may transmit the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also receive the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0183] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0184] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform processing on data and control information acquired from the control unit 110, for example, at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc., to generate a bit sequence to be transmitted.

[0185] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform transmission processing on the bit sequence to be transmitted, such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, discrete Fourier transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion, and output a baseband signal.

[0186] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., of the baseband signal to the radio frequency band and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting / receiving antenna 130.

[0187] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc., on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 130.

[0188] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (receiving processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing to the acquired baseband signal, such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, to acquire user data, etc.

[0189] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may also measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), reception quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0190] The transmission path interface 140 may send and receive signals (backhaul signaling) with devices included in the core network 30, other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0191] In this disclosure, the transmitting and receiving units of the base station 10 may consist of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission path interface 140.

[0192] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may transmit the settings for the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of the shared channel. Based on the settings, the control unit 110 may apply N consecutive elements in the Walsh matrix as orthogonal cover codes (OCCs) to the DMRS.

[0193] (User terminal) Figure 25 shows an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Note that one or more of the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may be provided.

[0194] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.

[0195] The control unit 210 controls the entire user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the technical field related to this disclosure.

[0196] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transmitting / receiving unit 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transmitting / receiving unit 220.

[0197] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0198] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or it may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may consist of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may consist of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222 and a measuring unit 223.

[0199] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be composed of an antenna described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0200] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may receive the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also transmit the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0201] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0202] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc., on data and control information acquired from the control unit 210, etc., to generate a bit sequence to be transmitted.

[0203] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform transmission processing on the bit sequence to be transmitted, such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion, and output a baseband signal.

[0204] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the transform precoding settings. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as part of the transmission process to transmit a channel (for example, PUSCH) using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform if transform precoding is enabled for that channel, or it may not perform DFT processing as part of the transmission process if transform precoding is not enabled for that channel.

[0205] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., of the baseband signal to the radio frequency band and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0206] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc., on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0207] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (receiving processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.

[0208] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measuring unit 223) may perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measuring unit 223 may perform RRM measurement, CSI measurement, etc., based on the received signal. The measuring unit 223 may also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0209] In this disclosure, the transmitting and receiving units of the user terminal 20 may consist of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 220 and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0210] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may receive the setting of the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for a shared channel (e.g., PDSCH / PUSCH). The terminal has a control unit 210 that, based on the setting, applies N consecutive elements in the Walsh matrix as orthogonal cover codes (OCC) to the DMRS.

[0211] The OCC may be a frequency-domain OCC (FD OCC).

[0212] The control unit 210 determines the OCC from N codes based on the setting, and each code may be a set of N consecutive elements in the Walsh matrix.

[0213] The control unit 210 determines the OCC from a number of codes less than N based on the setting, and each code may be one of N consecutive elements in the Walsh matrix.

[0214] (Hardware configuration) The block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments show functional units. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or it may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wired or wireless connections). A functional block may also be realized by combining the above one device or the above multiple devices with software.

[0215] Here, functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating (mapping), and assigning. For example, a functional block (configuration part) that enables transmission may be called a transmitting unit or transmitter. In all cases, as mentioned above, the method of implementation is not particularly limited.

[0216] For example, a base station, user terminal, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that processes the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 26 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and user terminal 20 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, memory 1002, storage 1003, communication device 1004, input device 1005, output device 1006, bus 1007, etc.

[0217] In this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit are interchangeable. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or it may be configured to omit some of the devices.

[0218] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown in the diagram, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or by two or more processors simultaneously, sequentially, or by other means. Note that processor 1001 may be implemented using one or more chips.

[0219] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, which allows the processor 1001 to perform calculations and control communication via the communication device 1004, or to control at least one of the reading and writing of data in the memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0220] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer, for example, by running an operating system. The processor 1001 may be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control units, arithmetic units, registers, etc. For example, at least a part of the control unit 110 (210) and the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220) described above may be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0221] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes accordingly. The program used is one that causes the computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiment. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and other functional blocks may be implemented similarly.

[0222] Memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. Memory 1002 may also be called a register, cache, or main memory. Memory 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for carrying out a wireless communication method according to one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0223] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk (Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital multipurpose disk, a Blu-ray disk), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, stick, key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be called an auxiliary storage device.

[0224] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting / receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include, for example, a high-frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, etc., in order to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220), transmitting / receiving antenna 130 (230), etc., may be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220) may be implemented with physically or logically separated implementations of a transmitting unit 120a (220a) and a receiving unit 120b (220b).

[0225] The input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from an external source (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to an external source (e.g., a display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be configured as an integrated unit (e.g., a touch panel).

[0226] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or different buses may be configured for each device.

[0227] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), and a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of each functional block may be implemented using such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0228] (modified version) In addition, terms used in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol, and signal (signal or signaling) may be used interchangeably. Also, a signal may be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS and may be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc., depending on the applicable standard. Also, a component carrier (CC) may be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0229] A wireless frame may consist of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these periods (frames) constituting a wireless frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may consist of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0230] Here, the neuralelogy may be communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. The neuralelogy may be, for example, at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, specific filtering processes performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, or specific windowing processes performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0231] A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols or Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols). Alternatively, a slot may be a time unit based on neurology.

[0232] A slot may include multiple mini-slots. Each mini-slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Mini-slots may also be called sub-slots. Mini-slots may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-slot may be called a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a mini-slot may be called a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0233] Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols all represent units of time when transmitting a signal. Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols may each be referred to by different names. Furthermore, the units of time such as frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols in this disclosure may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0234] For example, one subframe may be called TTI, multiple consecutive subframes may be called TTI, or one slot or one mini-slot may be called TTI. In other words, at least one of the subframe and TTI may be a subframe (1ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1ms. Note that the unit representing TTI may be called a slot, mini-slot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0235] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, the base station schedules each user terminal to allocate wireless resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmission power available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0236] TTI may be a transmission time unit for channel-encoded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, code words, etc., or it may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. Given a TTI, the actual time interval (e.g., number of symbols) to which the transport block, code block, code word, etc. are mapped may be shorter than the given TTI.

[0237] Furthermore, if one slot or one mini-slot is referred to as TTI, then one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) may constitute the minimum time unit of scheduling. In addition, the number of slots (number of mini-slots) that constitute the minimum time unit of scheduling may be controlled.

[0238] A TTI with a time length of 1 ms may also be called a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel.8-12), a long TTI, a normal subframe, a long subframe, or a slot. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may also be called a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial or fractional TTI, a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini slot, a sub slot, or a slot.

[0239] Furthermore, long TTIs (e.g., normal TTIs, subframes, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a time length exceeding 1 ms, and short TTIs (e.g., shortened TTIs, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a TTI length less than that of a long TTI but 1 ms or more.

[0240] A Resource Block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and in the frequency domain, it may contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be the same regardless of the neurology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be determined based on the neurology.

[0241] Furthermore, an RB may contain one or more symbols in the time domain and may have the length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. Each TTI, subframe, etc., may consist of one or more resource blocks.

[0242] One or more RBs may also be called Physical RBs (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), or groups / sets / pairs of PRBs / RBs.

[0243] Furthermore, a resource block may consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource area comprising one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0244] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also called a partial bandwidth) may represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) for a given neurology in a given carrier. Here, the common RBs may be identified by an index of the RBs relative to the carrier's common reference point. PRBs may be defined and numbered within a BWP.

[0245] A BWP may include UL BWPs (BWPs for UL) and DL BWPs (BWPs for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured within a single carrier for a UE.

[0246] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE does not need to assume that it will send or receive a given signal / channel outside of the active BWP. In this disclosure, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" may be read as "BWP".

[0247] The structures described above, such as wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols, are merely illustrative examples. For instance, the number of subframes included in a wireless frame, the number of slots per subframe or wireless frame, the number of minislots within a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length within a TTI can be varied in various ways.

[0248] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or corresponding other information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0249] The names used for parameters and other elements in this disclosure are not restrictive in any way. Furthermore, mathematical formulas and other elements that use these parameters may differ from those expressly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not restrictive in any way.

[0250] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0251] Also, information, signals, etc. may be output from at least one of the upper layer to the lower layer and from the lower layer to the upper layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input and output via a plurality of network nodes.

[0252] The input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or may be managed using a management table. The input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated or appended. The output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. The input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to other devices.

[0253] The notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in this disclosure and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information in this disclosure may be implemented by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), upper layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB), etc.), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals or a combination thereof.

[0254] Note that physical layer signaling may also be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Also, RRC signaling may also be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC connection setup (RRC Connection Setup) message, an RRC connection reconfiguration (RRC Connection Reconfiguration) message, etc. Further, MAC signaling may be notified, for example, using a MAC control element (MAC Control Element (CE)).

[0255] Also, notification of predetermined information (for example, notification of "being X") is not limited to explicit notification, and may be performed implicitly (for example, by not performing the notification of the predetermined information or by notification of another piece of information).

[0256] The determination may be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), may be made by a truth value (boolean) represented by true or false, or may be made by numerical comparison (for example, comparison with a predetermined value).

[0257] Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc., regardless of whether it is called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, a hardware description language, or by another name.

[0258] Furthermore, software, instructions, information, etc., may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technology (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) and wireless technology (such as infrared or microwave), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included in the definition of a transmission medium.

[0259] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure may be used interchangeably. “Network” may also mean the equipment included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0260] In this disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "quasi-co-location (QCL)," "transmission configuration indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "antenna port group," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "resource group," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," and "panel" may be used interchangeably.

[0261] In this disclosure, terms such as "Base Station (BS)", "wireless base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "access point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission / Reception Point (TRP)", "panel", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0262] A base station can house one or more (e.g., three) cells. If a base station houses multiple cells, the entire coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into several smaller areas, each of which may also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The terms “cell” or “sector” refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and / or base station subsystems that provide communication services in that coverage.

[0263] In this disclosure, the transmission of information by a base station to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to perform a control / operation based on said information.

[0264] In this disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," and "terminal" may be used interchangeably.

[0265] A mobile station may also be called a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other appropriate term.

[0266] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0267] The term "mobile object" refers to any movable object, regardless of its speed, and naturally includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of such mobile objects include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcarts, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and items carried on them. Furthermore, such mobile objects may be autonomously driven objects operating based on operational commands.

[0268] The mobile entity may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane), an unmanned mobile entity (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0269] Figure 27 shows an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a rotation speed sensor 51, a pneumatic pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0270] The drive unit 41 consists of, for example, at least one of an engine, a motor, or an engine-motor hybrid. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0271] The electronic control unit 49 consists of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and communication ports (e.g., input / output (IO) ports) 63. Signals from various sensors 50-58 installed in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0272] Signals from various sensors 50-58 include current signals from current sensor 50 for sensing motor current, rotational speed signals of front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 acquired by rotational speed sensor 51, air pressure signals of front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 acquired by air pressure sensor 52, vehicle speed signals acquired by vehicle speed sensor 53, acceleration signals acquired by acceleration sensor 54, accelerator pedal depression signal of accelerator pedal 43 acquired by accelerator pedal sensor 55, brake pedal depression signal of brake pedal 44 acquired by brake pedal sensor 56, operation signals of shift lever 45 acquired by shift lever sensor 57, and detection signals for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc., acquired by object detection sensor 58.

[0273] The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices for providing (outputting) various types of information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, displays, televisions, and radios, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 59 uses the information acquired from an external device via a communication module 60 or the like to provide various information / services (for example, multimedia information / multimedia services) to the passengers of the vehicle 40.

[0274] The information service unit 59 may include an input device for receiving external input (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, a touch panel, etc.), or may include an output device for performing external output (for example, a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, a touch panel, etc.).

[0275] The driving assistance system unit 64 is composed of various devices for providing functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driver's driving load, such as a millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), a camera, a positioning locator (for example, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), etc.), map information (for example, High Definition (HD) map, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) map, etc.), a gyro system (for example, Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), Inertial Navigation System (INS), etc.), an Artificial Intelligence (AI) chip, an AI processor, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. In addition, the driving assistance system unit 64 transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize a driving assistance function or an autonomous driving function.

[0276] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 sends and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle 40.

[0277] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with external devices. For example, it can send and receive various types of information to and from external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10 or the user terminal 20 described above. Alternatively, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 (it may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

[0278] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of the following to an external device via wireless communication: signals from the various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on said signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 59. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc., may also be called input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above input.

[0279] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 59 installed in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit, which outputs information (for example, it outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 60).

[0280] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, various sensors 50-58, etc., which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0281] Furthermore, the term "base station" in this disclosure may be interpreted as "user terminal." For example, the various aspects / embodiments of this disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may have the functions that the base station 10 has. Also, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be interpreted as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel and downlink channel may be interpreted as sidelink channel.

[0282] Similarly, the term "user terminal" in this disclosure may be replaced with "base station." In this case, the base station 10 may be configured to have the same functions as the user terminal 20 described above.

[0283] In this disclosure, operations performed by a base station may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. In a network including one or more network nodes with base stations, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with terminals may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (for example, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or a combination thereof.

[0284] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used individually, in combination, or switched between during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be rearranged in order, provided they are consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present various step elements in an exemplary order and are not limited to that specific order.

[0285] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure includes Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (where x is, for example, an integer or decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM®), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi®), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX®), and IEEE This may apply to systems utilizing 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth®, or other appropriate wireless communication methods, as well as next-generation systems that are extended, modified, created, or defined based on these. It may also apply to combinations of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0286] In this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based solely on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based solely on" and "based at least on."

[0287] Any reference to elements using the designations “first,” “second,” etc., as used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Accordingly, the references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

[0288] The term “determining” as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, “determining” may be considered to include judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiry (e.g., searching in tables, databases, or other data structures), ascertaining, etc.

[0289] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" may be considered as "judging (deciding)" things like receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory).

[0290] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be considered as "judging (deciding)" something like resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "judgment (decision)" can be considered as "judging (deciding)" something about an action.

[0291] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be replaced with "assuming," "expecting," or "considering."

[0292] The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure may mean the maximum transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0293] As used in this disclosure, the terms “connected,” “coupled,” and any variations thereof mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be replaced with “access.”

[0294] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they can be considered to be “connected” or “coupled” to each other using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., and, in some non-exclusive and non-exclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency domain, microwave domain, or optical domain (both visible and invisible).

[0295] In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combine" may be interpreted similarly to "different."

[0296] Where the terms “include,” “including,” and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, as is the term “comprising.” Furthermore, the term “or” as used in this disclosure is not intended to mean exclusive OR.

[0297] In this disclosure, if articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may include the fact that the noun following these articles is plural.

[0298] In this disclosure, terms such as "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than or equal to," "more than," and "equal to" may be interpreted interchangeably. In addition, in this disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "early," "slow," "wide," and "narrow" may be interpreted interchangeably, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees. Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "early," "slow," "wide," and "narrow" may be interpreted interchangeably, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees, by adding "i-th" (where i is any integer) to the expression (for example, "highest" may be interpreted interchangeably with "i-th highest").

[0299] In this disclosure, "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," and "associated with" may be interpreted as being interchangeable.

[0300] Although the invention described herein has been explained in detail above, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the invention described herein is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The invention described herein can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims. Therefore, the descriptions herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not imply any limitation on the invention described herein.

Claims

1. A receiving unit that receives the setting of a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) using a frequency domain orthogonal cover code (FD-OCC) longer than 2, A terminal having a control unit that determines that a port of a second DMRS of another terminal using a 2-length FD-OCC is mapped to the same code division multiplexing (CDM) group as the port of the first DMRS.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein an FD-OCC longer than 2 corresponds to a repetition of an FD-OCC of length 2.

3. The steps of receiving the setting of a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) using a frequency domain orthogonal cover code (FD-OCC) longer than 2, A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising the step of determining that a port of a second DMRS of another terminal, using an FD-OCC of length 2, is mapped to the same code division multiplexing (CDM) group as the port of the first DMRS.

4. A transmitting unit that transmits to a terminal the setting of a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) using a frequency domain orthogonal cover code (FD-OCC) longer than 2, A base station having a control unit that controls mapping a port of a second DMRS of another terminal, which uses a 2-length FD-OCC, into the same code division multiplexing (CDM) group as the port of the first DMRS.

5. A system having a terminal and a base station, The terminal includes a receiving unit that receives the setting of a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) using a frequency domain orthogonal cover code (FD-OCC) longer than 2, The system includes a control unit that determines that a port of a second DMRS of another terminal, using an FD-OCC of length 2, is mapped to the same code division multiplexing (CDM) group as the port of the first DMRS, The base station includes a transmitting unit that transmits the settings of the first DMRS to the terminal, A system comprising: a control unit that controls the mapping of the ports of the second DMRS to the same CDM group as the ports of the first DMRS.

Images