Rubber compound

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing finely divided rubber powder, which comprises grinding and sizing raw rubber granulation materials and storing the resulting finely divided rubber powder. The present invention also relates to a rubber compound comprising at least one natural or synthetic rubber, a finely divided rubber composition, and optionally one or more of processing aids, antidegradants, fillers, accelerators, and curatives. The present invention also relates to a method for producing a rubber product, and to a solid rubber product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing micronized rubber powder, including the pulverization and classification of rubber granulation raw materials and the storage of the micronized rubber powder thus obtained. The present invention also relates to a rubber formulation comprising at least one natural rubber or synthetic rubber, a micronized rubber composition, and optionally one or more of processing aids, anti-degradants, fillers, accelerators and curing agents. The present invention also relates to a method for producing rubber products and solid rubber products.

Background Art

[0002] Micronized rubber powder (MRP) is a low-cost and sustainable raw material that replaces materials made from petroleum and rubber. MRP is a freely flowing black rubber powder that has spread to many systems and applications. Since MRP is of micron size, it can be incorporated into multiple polymers and can give a smooth surface appearance to the final product. In some cases, the MRP is chemically treated to improve its compatibility and performance with the host material and to activate, i.e., "functionalize", the surface of the powder particles. This is called functionalized MRP or FMRP. Non-functionalized MRP is only used as an inexpensive filler. Micronized rubber powder (MRP) usually has a significant proportion of rubber particles with a particle size of less than 100 microns. Powders with a particle size of 40 - 300 mesh are generally considered micronized rubber powder.

[0003] MRP represents an evolution from previous post-manufacturing rubber technologies. The most basic rubber processing technology converts used tires and industrial waste rubber material into rubber chips, typically larger than one inch. These chips are used in tire-derived fuels and civil engineering works. MRP is a micron-sized material and is produced in a variety of sizes, from 80 mesh to 300 mesh. Only FMRP is used in high-end applications such as high-performance tires, industrial rubber, consumer and industrial plastic products, asphalt and coatings, and construction materials. MRP is used as a compound filler to supplement the use of natural rubber and synthetic polymers, and as a process aid in material manufacturing.

[0004] Rubber compounding containing finely ground rubber powder is known in the art.

[0005] US2016 / 297243 relates to a tire having a generally toroidal carcass having an outer tread, two spaced-apart beads, at least one ply extending from bead to bead, and a radially extending sidewall connecting the tread to the bead, wherein the tread is adapted to contact the ground, and the sidewall comprises, based on the whole sidewall compound, 20 phr to 80 phr of natural rubber, 20 phr to 80 phr of polybutadiene rubber, and 3% to 20% by batch weight of pulverized rubber powder, wherein the pulverized rubber powder has a particle size in the range of 40 mesh to 300 mesh.

[0006] US2016 / 152805 relates to a functionalized recycled rubber composition comprising a solution styrene-butadiene rubber, an elastomer polymer, and a stabilizer, and a rubber composition comprising a reinforcing filler containing reinforcing silica.

[0007] EP3045492 relates to rubber compounds useful for rubber products subjected to abrasive forces or as components of rubber products. The rubber compound comprises at least one natural or synthetic rubber and 1% to 30% by weight of a finely ground rubber composition having a particle size in the range of 40 mesh to 200 mesh. This finely ground rubber composition contains at least 10% by weight of solution styrene-butadiene rubber.

[0008] US2014 / 128535 relates to a method for functionalizing recycled elastomer materials, wherein the recycled elastomer material comprises an elastomer having intrachain and interchain bonds, and the method comprises shearing the particles of the recycled elastomer material at a temperature below 100°C such that the interchain bonds of the recycled elastomer material are broken, and the particles of the recycled elastomer material have a size of 40 mesh or less.

[0009] US6,265,454 relates to a method for regenerating hardened tire rubber, comprising the step of mixing regenerated hardened ground tire rubber particles with a tire component rubber compound, wherein the compound comprises rubber and additives, and the regenerated hardened ground tire rubber particles are 90 US standard mesh or less, the amount of regenerated hardened ground rubber particles is about 2 to about 50 parts by weight based on a total of 100 parts by weight of the tire component rubber compound and the regenerated hardened ground rubber particles, and the regenerated hardened ground rubber particles replace a portion of the tire component rubber compound.

[0010] EP3470197 relates to a method for grinding particles at a low temperature, comprising the steps of: grinding cooled and granulated particles to form fine powder having a broad particle size distribution; heating the fine powder; accumulating the heated fine powder in an accumulation device; and screening the accumulated and heated fine powder into one or more predetermined portions, each of which comprises a predetermined range of particle sizes of the screened and heated fine powder, and the broad particle size distribution comprises particles having a size of 50 mesh or more and 140 mesh or less.

[0011] US2005 / 107484 relates to a method for producing crumb and powdered rubber, comprising: cooling a pre-treated stream of used rubber particles having a predetermined particle size range with a low-temperature fluid, wherein the final cooling temperature of the particles is controlled; grinding the stream of cooled rubber particles, wherein the particle size distribution of the ground rubber particles is controlled; and screening the stream of ground particles to a desired particle size range for crumb and / or powdered rubber, wherein the particles are screened to three particle sizes, including: a first particle size range of particles that pass through US sieve size No. 40 but not US sieve size No. 80; a second particle size range of particles that pass through US sieve size No. 80 but not US sieve size No. 140; and a third particle size of particles that pass through US sieve size No. 140.

[0012] US2017 / 043351 relates to a method for heating fine particles that have been ground at a low temperature, and the method includes the steps of: supplying the fine particles to a heating device; determining the operating efficiency of the heating device; determining whether the operating efficiency of the heating device is below a predetermined threshold; and, if it is determined that the operating efficiency of the heating device is below a predetermined threshold, recirculating the fine particles through the heating device. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0013] [Patent Document 1] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2016 / 297243 [Patent Document 2] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2016 / 152805 [Patent Document 3] European Patent No. 3045492 [Patent Document 4] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014 / 128535 [Patent Document 5] U.S. Patent No. 6,265,454 [Patent Document 6] European Patent No. 3470197 [Patent Document 7] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2005 / 107484 [Patent Document 8] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2017 / 043351 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0014] The inventors believe that the greatest role that materialized rubber powder (MRP) can play in the future in reducing CO2 emissions and fulfilling the principles of a cradle-to-cradle / circular economy is its reuse in tires. Approximately 30 million tons of new tires are manufactured annually, and currently, about half of this amount of tires are collected each year and enter the stream of end-of-life (EOL) tire management waste. Currently, the reuse of used tires back into new tires is still not progressing, and there is a pressing global need to process used tires in an environmentally friendly way and maximize the value and quantity of circular materials derived from used tires.

[0015] The three main technologies focus on the goal of circular end-of-life (EOL) tires, namely pyrolysis (recovery of carbon black, oil, and gases), decarburization, and MRP (Material Replacement Processing). Due to the global warming crisis and the negative environmental impact of tire production, global efforts have been underway for decades and are accelerating today. Each of the three technologies presents a set of challenges that must be overcome before large-scale reuse in new tires can be enabled.

[0016] In particular, there are two main factors that limit the large-scale reuse of MRP in tires. 1. Due to energy efficiency and technical constraints, the size reduction is limited to approximately 180 microns (D95 percentile). 2. Low surface energy (since there are no active chemical groups on the surface of the powder that can form chemical crosslinks and covalent bonds, it cannot be effectively co-vulcanized with the new tire compound).

[0017] The net effect of these limiting factors is that adding a low proportion (~2 - 6 wt%) of MRP to the new tire compound results in unacceptable low mechanical reinforcement (especially with regard to tear strength and abrasion resistance). Furthermore, the dynamic performance of the compound containing MRP is impaired, manifested as an increase in the tan delta value and the Payne effect, leading to an increase in the hysteresis, heat accumulation, and rolling resistance of the tire, etc. As a result, the fuel consumption of the tire decreases.

[0018] The object of the present invention is to develop a method for chemically activating / functionalizing MRP.

[0019] Another object of the present invention is to develop a method for producing micronized rubber powder.

[0020] Another object of the present invention is to develop a method for upscaling the mass production (~8 - 10 kt / year) of functionalized MRP and design an industrial process.

[0021] Another object of the present invention is to develop a method for converting functionalized MRP into a solid strip or slab while maintaining its performance and dispersibility.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0022] Therefore, the present invention relates to a method for producing micronized rubber powder, including the pulverization, classification of rubber granulation raw materials, and storage of the thus obtained micronized rubber powder. During the pulverization process, a chemical substance is used to prevent the particles of the rubber powder from adhering to themselves, and this chemical substance is selected from the group consisting of synthetic amorphous precipitated silica and silane-treated synthetic amorphous precipitated silica, or a combination thereof.

Embodiments for Carrying out the Invention

[0023] The inventors have found that by incorporating such chemicals into a method for producing finely ground rubber powder, one or more objectives can be achieved. They have found that by reactivating the vulcanization potential of MRP through chemical treatment, both the mechanical and dynamic properties of MRP in rubber compounds can be significantly improved, thereby opening the door to large-scale reuse in the tire and TRG fields. Such a contact step can be considered a "first-stage activation."

[0024] In one embodiment of the method for producing finely powdered rubber powder, the total amount of chemical substances is in the range of 0.1 to 4.0% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 1.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the finely powdered rubber powder.

[0025] In one embodiment of a method for producing finely powdered rubber powder, the chemical substance is Fluffy In this state, the BET surface area of ​​the chemical substance is 50-250 m². 2 / g, preferably 140-190mg 2 It is / g.

[0026] In one embodiment of a method for producing finely ground rubber powder, the chemical substance is silane-treated synthetic amorphous precipitated silica.

[0027] In one embodiment of a method for producing finely granulated rubber powder, the grinding step of the rubber granulation raw material comprises two grinding steps: a) grinding at room temperature and then b) grinding at low temperature, wherein step b) is carried out in the range of -40 to -80°C if the rubber granulation raw material contains natural rubber, and in the range of -20 to -60°C if the rubber granulation raw material contains natural rubber and styrene-butadiene rubber.

[0028] In one embodiment of a method for producing finely powdered rubber, the particle size of the rubber granulation raw material is 2 to 5 mm before the grinding step.

[0029] In one embodiment of a method for producing finely powdered rubber, a) after grinding at room temperature, the particle size of the rubber granulation raw material is 0.1 to 0.8 mm.

[0030] The raw materials for rubber granulation include natural rubber, synthetic polyisoprene rubber, high cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber, medium vinyl polybutadiene rubber, high vinyl polybutadiene rubber, emulsified styrene-butadiene rubber, solution styrene-butadiene rubber, styrene-isoprene-butadiene rubber, styrene-isoprene rubber, butyl rubber, chlorobutyl rubber, bromobutyl rubber, polynorbornene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR), ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), nitrile rubber, nitrile carboxylic acid rubber, polychloroprene rubber (neoprene rubber), polysulfurized rubber, polyacrylic styrene rubber, silicone rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, and various mixtures thereof.

[0031] In one embodiment of a method for producing finely ground rubber powder, the particle separation step provides at least two streams of the finely ground rubber powder product, including an 80-mesh stream and a 40-mesh stream.

[0032] In one embodiment of a method for producing pulverized rubber powder, at least one of a stream of 80-mesh pulverized rubber powder product and a stream of 40-mesh pulverized rubber powder product is brought into contact with a chemical selected from the group consisting of synthetic amorphous precipitate silica, silane-treated synthetic amorphous precipitate silica, organic silane, and organic peroxide or a combination thereof, in order to obtain an activated pulverized rubber powder product, preferably a polysulfide or disulfide type of organic silane. Such a contact step can be considered a "second-stage activation."

[0033] The present invention also relates to a rubber compound comprising at least one natural or synthetic rubber, the finely ground rubber powder obtained as described above, and optionally one or more processing aids, degradation inhibitors, fillers, accelerators, and curing agents. Herein, the rubber compound comprises at least one activating component selected from the group consisting of silane, NR latex, organic peroxide, polyoctenomer, curing agent, polyethylene wax, emulsified styrene-butadiene rubber (eSBR), liquid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), zinc oxide, and colloidal sulfur.

[0034] The principle of "surface activation" is to form chemical crosslinks between the vulcanized MRP and the unvulcanized rubber compound during the vulcanization of a new rubber product. The powder no longer exists as "individually separated" particles in the new compound matrix, but becomes an integral (bonded) part of a more homogeneous matrix. Surface activation can be achieved by coating the surface of the powder with a crosslinkable (unsaturated) polymer, along with vulcanization chemicals such as zinc oxide, stearic acid, sulfur, and organic accelerators. Surface treatment can be carried out, for example, by a continuous extrusion process or a continuous powder drying process. The extrusion or grinding process will convert the powder into a solid strip or slab. Such a process would have the advantage of converting low bulk density powder into an extruded solid form (e.g., strip, sheet) in which the powder particles are bonded together by a new polymer and other process additives. Furthermore, converting low-bulk-density powders into solid materials nearly triples their bulk density (from ~400 kg / m³ to ~1150 kg / m³), facilitating efficient transportation and avoiding the high costs of packaging powders.

[0035] In one embodiment of the rubber compound, the amount of the active ingredient(s) in the rubber compound is greater than 2% by weight and less than 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the rubber compound.

[0036] In one embodiment of the rubber compound, the activating component is silane.

[0037] In one embodiment of the rubber compound, the amount of silane in the rubber compound is greater than 1% by weight and less than 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the rubber compound.

[0038] In another embodiment of the rubber compound, the activating component is a combination of silane and NR latex.

[0039] In such embodiments of the rubber compound, the amount of silane in the rubber compound is more than 1% by weight and less than 10% by weight, preferably 5 to 9% by weight, and the amount of NR latex in the rubber compound is in the range of 4 to 8% by weight, based on the total weight of the rubber compound after drying.

[0040] As described above, the present invention relates to a method for preparing the rubber compound described above, the method comprising shearing at least one natural or synthetic rubber, a pulverized rubber composition, and optionally one or more processing aids and at least one activating component at a temperature of less than 100°C so that surface activation of at least one natural or synthetic rubber is achieved.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes extruding a surface-activated rubber compound into a slab.

[0042] Depending on the application, the extruded solid material may be directly vulcanized for the molded application.

[0043] The method for producing fine powder includes several steps, such as pre-grinding of the fine powder, cryogenic freezing, grinding of input materials, heating of the result, removal of iron metals and fibers, aggregation, screening, and storage. In the cryogenic grinding step, a dusting agent is used to prevent adhesion of powder particles. An example of such a dusting agent is talc. The inventors found that by using 0.1 to 4.0% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 1.5% by weight, of sieve-synthesized precipitate amorphous silica (e.g., Hisil 255C-D) based on the total weight of the fine powder instead of talc, the sieving yield of the 0 to 187 micron particles increased from about 8% to about 40%. It was also observed that more tire fibers (a mixture of polyamide, polyester, and rayon) could be removed from the MRP because silica clearly reduces the attractive force between rubber and fibers. The inventors speculate that there may be some interaction between silica and silane. Such an interaction may contribute to the attractive effect observed when silane is used as an activator.

[0044] For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the principles of the present invention, embodiments shown in the table are referred to below. Nevertheless, it will be understood that no limitation of the scope of this disclosure is intended therein. Any changes and further modifications to the embodiments described or illustrated, as well as further applications of the principles of this disclosure illustrated therein, are expected to commonly occur to those skilled in the art relating to the present invention.

[0045] The terms “functionalized” or “activated” generally refer to functionalized or devulcanized materials made from fine rubber powder, as described above herein. The terms “functionalized” and “activated” are synonymous in this context. Such a meaning is the ability to create crosslinks during vulcanization.

[0046] The term "sheared" generally refers to the process of feeding the rubber compound into a nip between first and second counter-rotating rolls, where the first roll rotates at a different speed than the second roll.

[0047] The implementation of the present invention can be further understood by referring to the following examples, which are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope.

[0048] (Examples) Several test examples (see Tables 1 and 2) were prepared to investigate the performance of the rubber composition.

[0049] The test examples were compared with so-called test recipes. The composition of the test recipes (according to ASTM D3191, excluding MRPs) is shown in Table 1.

[0050] [Table 1]

[0051] The reference MRP sample is Cryofine 80 (Kargro) mesh, i.e., ASTM D5603 Class 80 1. * This is a low-temperature pulverized, finely ground rubber powder manufactured exclusively from pre-selected used truck tires, in accordance with the standards.

[0052] Samples #1 to #43 were prepared by mixing the components listed in Table 1 with specific components. The rubber compositions thus obtained were tested for several parameters, such as Mooney viscosity, rheological scorch time, ts2, rheological T90, rheological delta S, tangent delta, tensile strength, Payne effect, M100M300, ultimate elongation, tear strength, and abrasion loss. The results of these tests are shown in Table 2. Based on these performance parameters, the average improvement rate (%) was calculated. An average improvement rate of 40% or more is considered to be within the acceptable range.

[0053] Regarding the components in Table 2, silane Si69 is bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide, Vestenamer® 8012 is transpolyoctenomer, Alpha wax is polyethylene wax, and Trigonox® 29 and Luperox® 231 are 1,1-di(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane.

[0054] Table 2 shows that the average improvement rate for sample #7 (6% silane (Si69)) was 65.7%. Sample #43 showed an even higher average improvement rate of 79.1%. Comparing sample #7 and sample #42, it can be seen that the combination of silane and NR latex yielded a high average improvement rate.

[0055] [Table 2] JPEG0007877215000003.jpg255148JPEG0007877215000004.jpg255141

[0056] [Table 3]

[0057] To investigate the performance of the rubber composition, several additional test examples were prepared (see Tables 3 and 4).

[0058] The test examples were compared with so-called test recipes. The composition of the test recipes (according to ASTM D3191, excluding MRPs) is shown in Table 3.

[0059] The reference MRP sample is Cryofine 80 (Kargro) mesh, i.e., ASTM D5603 Class 80 1. * This is a low-temperature pulverized, finely ground rubber powder manufactured exclusively from pre-selected used truck tires, in accordance with the standards.

[0060] Samples #1 to #11 (see Table 4) were prepared by mixing the components listed in Table 3 with specific components. The rubber compositions thus obtained were tested for several parameters, including Mooney viscosity, rheological scorch time, ts2, rheological T90, rheological delta S, tangent delta, tensile strength, Payne effect, M100, M300, ultimate elongation, tear strength, and abrasion loss.

[0061] The results of these tests are shown in Table 4. Based on these performance parameters, the average improvement rate (%) was calculated.

[0062] [Table 4]

[0063] In Table 4, Ultrasil® VN3 is SiO2, which is synthetically produced amorphous silicon dioxide (Evonik), and Coupsil® 8113 is precipitated silica surface-modified with organosilane Si69 (Evonik), where silane (Si69) is a polyfunctional (polysulfide) silane (Evonik).

[0064] Table 4 shows that samples #1-5 (containing 0.5% Ultrasil VN3 and Silane (Si69) between 2-6%) show improvement rates of 19.7% to 65%. Samples #6-10 (containing 0.5% Ultrasil VN3, 1% Coupsil 8113, and 2-6% Silane (Si69)) show improvement rates of 36.5% to 71.9%. Sample #11 (containing 1% Coupsil 8113 and 5% Silane (Si69)) shows the highest improvement rate of 78.8%.

[0065] The inventors have found that Ultrasil VN3 is a highly effective dusting agent for deaggregating rubber particles after a low-temperature grinding process. Deaggregation is necessary to effectively screen out a portion of the material with the desired particle size distribution (D95 < 180 microns) and to separate out particles that are too large for further processing. Clearly, if powder particles are clumped together, they cannot be classified according to their size. Furthermore, the deaggregation process is important to maximize the surface area of ​​the powder so that the activator can coat the powder surface to the maximum extent. Ultrasil VN3 is highly sensitive to hydrophobicity and condensation reactions with silane Si69, and also plays a role in the activation process.

[0066] The inventors have found that Coupsil 8113 has a dusting / flocculating effect comparable to that of Ultrasil VN3. However, because Coupsil 8113 is coated with approximately 11% Si69, it plays a greater role as an activator than Ultrasil VN3. Therefore, for example, Coupsil 8113 can completely replace Ultrasil VN3 as a dusting agent, meaning that there is no need to use VN3 at all.

[0067] The inventors found that good results were obtained by combining Coupsil 8113 (1 wt%) and Si69 at a concentration of 4 wt%. Si69 also works well at a concentration of 6 wt% using a dusting agent (0.25-0.5 wt%) of Ultrasil VN3 without using Coupsil 8113, but such an option is less costly and more attractive than adding 1 wt% Coupsil 8113 + 4 wt% Si69.

Claims

1. A method for producing finely powdered rubber powder, To obtain finely powdered rubber, the rubber granulation raw material from used tires is crushed, The finely powdered rubber powder is divided into particles according to size, This includes storing the aforementioned finely powdered rubber powder, During the grinding process, chemicals are used to prevent the finely ground rubber powder particles from adhering to themselves. The aforementioned chemical substance is selected from the group consisting of synthetic amorphous precipitate silica and silane-treated synthetic amorphous precipitate silica, or a combination thereof. The grinding process for the rubber granulation raw material comprises two grinding steps, including room temperature grinding and subsequent low-temperature grinding. The particle size of the rubber granulation raw material after grinding at room temperature is 0.1 to 0.8 mm. method.

2. The total amount of the aforementioned chemical substance is in the range of 0.1 to 4.0% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 1.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the finely powdered rubber powder. The method according to claim 1.

3. The BET surface area of ​​the chemical substance is 50 to 250 m². ２ / g, preferably 140-190m ２ / g is The method according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The aforementioned chemical substance is silane-treated synthetic amorphous precipitate silica. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The low-temperature grinding is performed in the range of -40 to -80°C when the rubber granulation raw material contains natural rubber, and in the range of -20 to -60°C when the rubber granulation raw material contains natural rubber and styrene-butadiene rubber. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The particle size of the rubber granulation raw material is 2 to 5 mm before the grinding process. The method according to claim 5.

7. The rubber granulation raw material is selected from the group consisting of natural rubber, synthetic polyisoprene rubber, high cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber, medium vinyl polybutadiene rubber, high vinyl polybutadiene rubber, emulsified styrene-butadiene rubber, solution styrene-butadiene rubber, styrene-isoprene-butadiene rubber, styrene-isoprene rubber, butyl rubber, chlorobutyl rubber, bromobutyl rubber, polynorbornene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR), ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), nitrile rubber, carboxylate nitrile rubber, polychloroprene rubber (neoprene rubber), polysulfurized rubber, polyacrylic styrene rubber, silicone rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, and combinations thereof. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The particle separator provides at least two streams of a product of finely ground rubber powder, comprising an 80-mesh stream and a 40-mesh stream. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. At least one of the streams of 80-mesh finely ground rubber powder product and 40-mesh finely ground rubber powder product product is brought into contact with a chemical selected from the group consisting of synthetic amorphous precipitate silica, silane-treated synthetic amorphous precipitate silica, organic silane and organic peroxide, or combinations thereof, in order to obtain an activated finely ground rubber powder product, preferably a polysulfide or disulfide type of organic silane. The method according to claim 8.

10. A rubber compound comprising at least one type of natural rubber or synthetic rubber, finely ground rubber powder obtained according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and optionally one or more processing aids, degradation inhibitors, fillers, accelerators, and curing agents, The rubber compound is characterized by containing at least one active ingredient selected from the group consisting of silane, NR latex, organic peroxide, polyoctenomer, curing agent, polyethylene wax, emulsified styrene-butadiene rubber (eSBR), liquid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), zinc oxide, and colloidal sulfur. Rubber compound.

11. The amount of the activating component is in the range of 2 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the rubber compound. The rubber compound according to claim 10.

12. The aforementioned activating component is silane. The rubber compound according to claim 10 or 11.

13. The amount of silane is in the range of 1 to 10% by weight, preferably 5 to 9% by weight, based on the total weight of the rubber compound. The rubber compound according to claim 12.

14. The aforementioned activating component is a combination of silane and NR latex. The rubber compound according to claim 10 or 11.

15. The amount of silane is in the range of 5 to 9% by weight, based on the total weight of the rubber compound. The amount of NR latex is in the range of 4 to 8% by weight, based on the total weight of the rubber compound. The rubber compound according to claim 14.

16. A method for manufacturing rubber products based on a natural or synthetic masterbatch, i) A step of providing a stream of the activated, finely powdered rubber powder product according to claim 9, ii) the step of providing a natural or synthetic masterbatch, and iii) A step of mixing the product from i) and the masterbatch from ii) in order to manufacture the rubber product, method.

17. The aforementioned mixing step is a co-extrusion step. The method according to claim 16.

18. The mixing step is carried out in the presence of one or more additional components selected from the group consisting of natural rubber, synthetic rubber, peptiders, carbon black, recovered carbon black, silica, stearic acid, scorch inhibitors, degradation inhibitors, and plasticizers. The method according to claim 16 or 17.

19. Obtained according to the method described in any one of claims 16 to 18, Solid rubber products.

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