Control devices, energy management systems, and computer programs

Abstract

To make it possible to efficiently transmit power by reducing power-transmission loss.SOLUTION: A controller according to the present embodiment is a controller for a power system capable of feeding power to a loading device in a plurality of demand areas based on first to N-th power devices each capable of at least either discharging or charging power, which are provided in first to N-th installation areas, respectively. The controller comprises a control part for determining control parameters regarding inputting / outputting of the power, that are arranged in the first to N-th power devices according to distances between the demand areas and the first to N-th installation areas by detecting the demand areas in which power consumption is varied larger than conventional, based on information about the power consumption in each of the demand areas.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This embodiment relates to a control device, an energy management system, and a computer program.

Background Art

[0002] Power transmission losses occur while the electricity generated at a power plant is transmitted to the area where it is actually used. Power transmission losses are power losses that occur when part of the electricity escapes into the air as heat due to the resistance of the electric wire when the current flows through the wire. In order to reduce the power loss due to power transmission losses, the on-site consumption of electricity has attracted attention. In on-site consumption, since the electricity generated locally (microgrid) is used on-site, the distance of power transmission is shortened, and it is possible to reduce power transmission losses. As a technology related to on-site consumption, a power on-site consumption system that can efficiently utilize the power derived from renewable energy generated in the area within the area has also been proposed.

[0003] However, in this system, although power transmission losses can be reduced by on-site consumption, no consideration has been given to measures for further reducing power transmission losses within the microgrid. For example, even within a microgrid, if the distance from the power generation source (power supply source) to the supply destination area is long, the power transmission loss will be relatively large, but reducing such power transmission losses has not been disclosed.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] This embodiment provides a control device, an energy management system, and a computer program that make it possible to reduce power transmission losses and efficiently transmit power. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The control device according to this embodiment is a control device for a power system capable of supplying power to load devices in a plurality of demand areas based on first to n power devices capable of discharging or charging power, which are provided in first to n installation areas, and includes a control unit that detects a demand area in which the power consumption has fluctuated significantly more than usual based on power consumption information for each demand area, and determines control parameters related to power input and output to be set in the first to n power devices according to the distance between the demand area and the first to n installation areas. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0007] [Figure 1] A block diagram showing an example of the overall diagram of the power system 1 according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] A block diagram showing an example of an energy management system. [Figure 3] A flowchart illustrating an example of the processing performed by the control unit. [Figure 4] This diagram illustrates an example of controlling inertial force and adjustment force according to the distance from each power device to the load fluctuation area. [Figure 5] A diagram showing an example configuration when the power system is a microgrid. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0008] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. (First Embodiment) Figure 1 is a block diagram showing an example of an overall view of the power system 1 according to the first embodiment. Solid lines connecting the components of the power system 1 represent electrical connections, and dashed lines represent communication connections.

[0009] Power System 1 is a system for supplying electricity generated or stored in Power Grid 2 (power source side) to each load device 3 (consumer) in the supply area on the demand side. Power System 1 efficiently implements frequency control to suppress fluctuations in the frequency of Power Grid 2 and stabilize the frequency even when the balance between generated power and consumer power consumption changes.

[0010] The supply area is divided into multiple demand areas on the overall map covered by the energy management system 100, and Figure 1 shows demand areas X and Y as examples. Each of demand areas X and Y has one or more load devices 3 that consume electricity. Specifically, load devices 3 are consumers that consume electricity. Load devices 3 may be household appliances in an office or home, industrial equipment in a factory, devices equipped with rechargeable batteries such as EVs, or other devices. Load devices 3 or consumers are equipped with smart meters to measure power consumption and GPS (Global Positioning System). A smart meter is an example of a measuring device that has functions such as measuring power consumption and communication functions. GPS is an example of a position detection device that detects the location of load devices 3. The load devices 3 in each demand area X and Y are connected to the transmission and distribution lines 4 in the power system 2. Substations and the like may be interposed between the load devices 3 and the transmission and distribution lines 4. When the power supply to load device 3 in demand areas X and Y changes from OFF to ON, or vice versa, when a new load device 3 is connected, or when the operation of load device 3 is changed, the power consumption (power demand) in demand areas X and Y may temporarily fluctuate significantly. In other words, the power consumption in the demand areas may fluctuate more than usual.

[0011] Information and communication devices 51X and 51Y are provided in demand areas X and Y. The information and communication devices 51X and 51Y can communicate wirelessly or via wired connection with the smart meters of the load devices 3 within their respective demand areas, and acquire information on the power consumption of the load devices 3 at regular time intervals or at any arbitrary timing. The information and communication devices 51X and 51Y calculate the power consumption within the demand area (the amount of electricity demand in the demand area) by summing the acquired power consumption data among the load devices 3 within the demand area. The information and communication devices 51X and 51Y may also acquire location information of the load devices 3 (e.g., GPS detection location information) along with the power consumption information.

[0012] The information and communication devices 51X and 51Y may include a storage unit that stores the history of power consumption of each individual load device 3, and the history of the total power consumption of these load devices 3 (power consumption of the demand area). The history of power consumption of each individual load device 3 may further include the location information of each load device 3. The history of total power consumption (power consumption of the demand area) may also include representative location information calculated from the location information of each individual load device 3. The representative location may be the centroid of this location information, or one selected from this location information. The one selected may be the location information of the load device 3 with the highest power consumption, the location information of the load device 3 with the largest fluctuation in power consumption, or a randomly selected location.

[0013] The information and communication devices 51X and 51Y can communicate with the energy management system 100 wirelessly or via wired connection. GPS may be provided for the information and communication devices 51X and 51Y. If the information and communication devices 51X and 51Y are located within a demand area, their location information may be used as the location information for the demand area. The information and communication devices 51X and 51Y may transmit power consumption information and location information (representative location information) for demand areas X and Y, respectively, to the energy management system 100 at regular time intervals or at any arbitrary timing. Transmission may be voluntary or in response to a request from the energy management system 100.

[0014] Power System 2 is a system that generates electricity using various power generation devices, stores electricity using various energy storage devices, and transmits and distributes electricity using transmission and distribution lines. Power System 2 may be a main grid handling large amounts of electricity, or a local grid (microgrid) handling smaller amounts than the main grid. In the following, we will mainly assume a main grid, and the case of a microgrid will be dealt with in the second embodiment.

[0015] Multiple power supply units (power devices) 31A, 31B, 31C, 31D, and 31E are installed as distributed power sources on the transmission and distribution line 4 in power system 2. When these power devices are not specifically distinguished, they are referred to as power devices 31. Information and communication devices 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D, and 41E are provided between each of the multiple power devices 31A to 31E and the transmission and distribution line 4. Each of the information and communication devices 41A to 41E can communicate with the power devices 31A to 31E by wire or wireless, and can also communicate with the energy system 100 by wire or wireless. The information and communication devices 41A to 41E provide the energy management system 100 with information such as equipment information and status of the power devices 31A to 31E, and also acquire command information from the energy management system 100 and provide the acquired command information to the power devices 31A to 31E. The command information may include, for example, information on control parameters set in the power devices, or information on active power and reactive power to be input and output to the power devices. In this example, the information and communication devices 41A to 41E are installed between the power transmission and distribution line 4 and the power devices 31A to 31E, but they may be installed in other locations.

[0016] Power devices 31A to 31E are installed in geographically different areas. The installation area of ​​power device 31A is separated from the installation area of ​​power device 31B by a distance H1, the installation area of ​​power device 31B is separated from the installation area of ​​power device 31C by a distance H2, the installation area of ​​power device 31C is separated from the installation area of ​​power device 31D by a distance H3, and the installation area of ​​power device 31D is separated from the installation area of ​​power device 31E by a distance H4. Distances H1, H2, H3, and H4 are, for example, 200km, 100km, 100km, and 200km. The installation areas of power devices 31A to 31E are referred to as installation areas A to E, respectively. The distance is basically the distance along the power lines of power system 2, but if the distance along the power lines can be approximated to a geographical distance, the distance between the locations (coordinates) of the installation areas can also be used. The location of the installation area may be the location of the power device, or it may be the address of the area, etc. In this example, one power supply unit is placed in each installation area, but multiple power supply units may be placed in each installation area.

[0017] The distance of each demand area to installation areas A to E differs. For example, demand area X is closest to the installation area of ​​power device 31B, then to the installation area of ​​power device 31C, then to the installation area of ​​power device 31D and the installation area of ​​synchronous generator 31A, and finally to the installation area of ​​power device 31E, which is the furthest away. Similarly, demand area Y also differs in distance from installation areas A to E. The further away the installation area, the longer the power lines (transmission and distribution lines) become, and the greater the attenuation of transmitted power. The magnitude of attenuation also increases with higher frequency components. The distance between the demand area and the installation area is basically the distance along the power lines of power system 2 (may include wiring within the demand area), but if the distance along the power lines can be approximated by a geographical distance, the distance between the location (coordinates) of the demand area and the location (coordinates) of the installation area can also be used.

[0018] Hereinafter, the power devices 31A to 31E installed in the installation areas A to E will be described in detail. The power devices 31A to 31E correspond to the first to Nth (N is an integer of 2 or more) power devices arranged in the power system and capable of at least one of power charging and discharging (input / output).

[0019] The power device 31A is a synchronous generator that generates AC power and outputs it to the power transmission and distribution line 4 side. The power device 31A is also described as the synchronous generator 31A. The synchronous generator is provided, for example, in a power company, and specifically, it is a thermal power plant, a hydroelectric power plant, a nuclear power plant, a geothermal power plant, etc. The operation of the power device 31A is controlled by the command information (command value) of the energy management system 100.

[0020] The power device 31B includes a voltage control inverter 11B and a power storage device 21B connected to the voltage control inverter 11B. The power storage device 21B is a storage battery that can charge the power supplied from the power transmission and distribution line 4 or discharge the stored power to the power transmission and distribution line 4. The charging and discharging operations of the power storage device 21B are controlled by the voltage control inverter 11B. The voltage control inverter 11B is controlled by the command information of the energy management system 100. The voltage control inverter 11B operates as a voltage source. In the case of discharging, it converts the DC power input from the power storage device 21B into AC power and outputs it to the power transmission and distribution line 4 side. In the case of charging, it converts the AC power input from the power transmission and distribution line 4 into DC power and outputs it to the power storage device 21B. The voltage control inverter may also be called a power conversion device or a PCS (Power Conditioning System).

[0021] The power device 31C includes a voltage control inverter 11C and a home solar power generation device 21C connected to the voltage control inverter 11C. The home solar power generation device 21C can discharge the power generated by solar power generation to the power distribution line 4. The operation of the home solar power generation device 21C is controlled by the voltage control inverter 11C. The voltage control inverter 11C is controlled by the command information of the energy management system 100. The home solar power generation device 21C may include a storage battery for storing the power generated by solar power generation. The voltage control inverter 11C operates as a voltage source, converts the DC power input from the home solar power generation device 21C into AC power, and outputs it to the power distribution line 4 side.

[0022] The power device 31D includes a voltage control inverter 11D and an electric vehicle 21D connected to the voltage control inverter 11D. The electric vehicle 21D includes a storage battery and can be connected to the power grid 2 by inserting a plug or the like, and can also be separated from the power grid 2 by unplugging the plug or the like. The electric vehicle 21D connected to the power grid 2 can charge the internal storage battery with the power supplied from the power distribution line 4 or the power supplied from an external storage (not shown), or discharge the power stored in the storage battery to the power distribution line 4. The operation of the electric vehicle 21D is controlled by the voltage control inverter 11D. The operation of the voltage control inverter 11D is controlled by the command information of the energy management system 100. The voltage control inverter 11D operates as a voltage source. In the case of discharging, it converts the DC power input from the storage battery of the electric vehicle 21D into AC power and outputs it to the power distribution line 4 side. In the case of charging, it converts the AC power input from the power distribution line 4 into DC power and outputs it to the storage battery of the electric vehicle 21D.

[0023] The power unit 31E comprises a voltage-controlled inverter 11E and a large-scale solar power generation unit 21E connected to the voltage-controlled inverter 11E. The large-scale solar power generation unit 21E is a solar power generation unit with a larger power generation capacity (output power) than the household solar power generation unit 21B. The large-scale solar power generation unit 21E can discharge the electricity generated by solar power to the power transmission and distribution line 4. The operation of the large-scale solar power generation unit 21E is controlled by the voltage-controlled inverter 11E. The voltage-controlled inverter 11E is controlled by the command value of the energy management system 100. The large-scale solar power generation unit 21E may also be equipped with a storage battery for storing the electricity generated by solar power. The voltage-controlled inverter 11E operates as a voltage source and converts the DC power input from the large-scale solar power generation unit 21E into AC power and outputs it to the power transmission and distribution line 4.

[0024] Other types of power devices besides those 31A to 31E may be provided. For example, power devices including wind power generation equipment may be provided.

[0025] The synchronous generator (power unit) 31A, and power units 31B to 31E (more specifically, the voltage-controlled inverters 11B to 11E) are equipped with the ability or frequency control function to stabilize the frequency when the frequency of power system 2 fluctuates. This frequency control function will be described below.

[0026] The synchronous generator 31A is equipped with inertia, droop control (governor-free), LFC (Load Frequency Control), and ELD (Economic Load Dispatching). Droop control (governor-free) corresponds to primary regulating power, LFC to secondary regulating power, and ELD to tertiary regulating power. LFC and ELD are performed by generating and outputting power (active power and reactive power) according to the command information of the energy management system 100.

[0027] Inertia is the inertial force possessed by the rotating parts of a power generation device (such as a turbine or motor). It is the force that absorbs the difference between the total power generated and the total power consumed by accelerating or decelerating the rotating parts (by increasing or decreasing the amount of power generated). This motion due to inertia is also called inertial response. For periodic fluctuations of less than a few seconds, frequency control is performed by inertia.

[0028] For frequency fluctuations with periods ranging from a few seconds to a few minutes, frequency control is performed by droop control (governor-free) corresponding to the primary regulating force. Droop control is performed by the governor of the synchronous power generator 31A. When the magnitude of the load connected to power system 2 fluctuates, the rotational speed of the rotating body changes, and the generator frequency changes from the reference frequency. Droop control controls the rotation to suppress this frequency change and increases or decreases the power output. Droop control can respond to load fluctuations and supply-demand mismatches that cannot be tracked by LFC and ELD.

[0029] For frequency fluctuations with periods ranging from a few minutes to several tens of minutes, frequency control is performed by LFC (Load Frequency Control) corresponding to the secondary adjustment force. To maintain a constant grid frequency (reference frequency), the energy management system 100 calculates the power output required to eliminate the deviation from the frequency deviation of the power system 2, and controls the synchronous generator 31A by issuing an output command for the calculated power.

[0030] For frequency fluctuations with periods exceeding several tens of minutes, frequency control is performed by ELD (Economic Load Distribution) corresponding to the tertiary adjustment force. To cope with relatively long-term load fluctuations (periods ranging from several tens of minutes to several hours), the energy management system 100 calculates the advance generation output in accordance with the demand forecast and controls the synchronous generator 31A by issuing an output command for the calculated power.

[0031] Voltage-controlled inverters 11B to 11E are equipped with simulated inertia, droop control (governor-free), LFC (load frequency control), and ELD (economic load distribution). Droop control (governor-free) corresponds to primary regulating power, LFC to secondary regulating power, and ELD to tertiary regulating power. LFC and ELD are performed by generating and outputting power (active power and reactive power) in accordance with the commands of the energy management system 100.

[0032] Pseudo-inertia is a control method that uses intelligent control to make power generation and energy storage devices that do not provide inertia behave similarly to the inertia of a synchronous power generation system. Pseudo-inertia is achieved using a known mechanism. For the droop control of voltage-controlled inverters 11B to 11E, the same operation as the droop control of a synchronous power generation system is simulated by intelligent control. For LFC and ELD, the same applies as to the synchronous power generation system 31A.

[0033] The magnitude or degree of the inertial response of the synchronous generator 31A can be adjusted by the inertial force constant, which is a control parameter. As the inertial force constant increases, the change in power output due to the inertial response also increases. The magnitude or degree of the inertial response (simulated inertial response) of the voltage-controlled inverters 11B to 11E, which have pseudo-inertia, can also be adjusted by the value of a constant, which is a control parameter. This constant in the case of simulated inertia is also called the inertial force constant.

[0034] The magnitude or degree of droop control of the synchronous generator 31A, i.e., the primary regulating force, can be adjusted by the value of the control parameter, the speed regulating rate (droop rate). The speed regulating rate is the ratio of the change in rotational speed to the change in output when the output of a generator operating at a certain output is changed, and can also be called the first regulating force constant. The larger the droop rate, the larger the output power (output active power) to the power system 2. The droop characteristics of the voltage-controlled inverters 11B to 11E, which simulate the droop characteristics of the synchronous generator, also use a parameter equivalent to the speed regulating rate (droop rate), and the magnitude or degree of droop control can be adjusted by this parameter. This parameter is also called the speed regulating rate (droop rate).

[0035] The control parameters are not limited to the inertia constant and droop rate mentioned above, but may be other types of parameters as long as they relate to the power input and output of the power device to the power system 2.

[0036] The magnitude of the secondary regulating power (LFC) or the tertiary regulating power (ELD) is adjusted by the energy management system 100 controlling the magnitude of active and reactive power that it commands to power devices 31A to 31E based on the grid frequency deviation or demand forecast. In other words, secondary and tertiary regulating power control is performed by general active and reactive power control.

[0037] The energy management system 100 acquires information from information and communication devices 51X and 51Y regarding each demand area X and Y (for example, total power consumption and representative location information for the demand area), and also acquires information from power devices 31A to 31E from information and communication devices 51A to 51E. Based on this acquired information, it performs frequency control to stabilize the frequency in the power system 2.

[0038] Each power device 31A to 31E operates independently (autonomously) based on the aforementioned inertia and droop control. The energy management system 100 performs secondary and tertiary adjustment force control for each power device 31A to 31E, thereby stabilizing the frequency in power system 2 even when the balance between generated power and consumer power consumption (demand power) changes. One of the features of the energy management system 100 is that it adjusts the inertia constant and speed adjustment rate of each power device, as well as controlling the secondary and tertiary adjustment forces, according to the distance between each demand area X, Y and the installation area of ​​each power device. This makes it possible to control frequency stabilization while keeping transmission losses low, even when the supply-demand balance in power system 2 changes rapidly.

[0039] Figure 2 is a block diagram showing an example of an energy management system 100. The energy management system 100 includes a communication unit 101, an equipment information acquisition unit 102, a location information acquisition unit 103, a status information acquisition unit 104, a database 105, a control unit 106, and a control command unit 107. The control unit 106 has the main functions corresponding to the control device according to this embodiment. In addition to the control unit 106, the control device according to this embodiment may further include at least one or all of the functions of the functional units 101 to 105 and 107. The equipment information acquisition unit 102, the location information acquisition unit 103, and the status information acquisition unit 104 are examples of acquisition units that acquire information.

[0040] The communication unit 101 communicates wirelessly or via wired connection with information and communication devices 51X and 51Y corresponding to demand areas X and Y. The communication unit 101 also communicates wirelessly or via wired connection with information and communication devices 41A to 41E corresponding to power devices 31A to 31E. Communication may be conducted via a constantly connected communication path (link), or a communication path may be established each time communication is performed, with the path disconnected after the communication is completed. The communication method may be a dedicated protocol or a general-purpose protocol.

[0041] Database 105 stores information acquired by the communication unit 101. The storage location is predetermined according to the type of information acquired.

[0042] Information acquired from the information and communication devices 41A to 41E on the power supply devices 31A to 31E side includes equipment information and status information for the power supply devices 31A to 31E, and information about the installation areas A to E where the power supply devices 31A to 31E are installed.

[0043] An example of equipment information for power devices 31A to 31E is the specification information for power devices 31A to 31E. If the power device includes a power generation device, the equipment information may include output power (generation capacity) (kW). If the power device includes an energy storage device (including in the case of EVs), the equipment information may include at least one of SOC (State Of Charge) and output power (kW). Here, SOC represents the percentage of remaining energy in the energy storage device. Also, if the power device includes an energy storage device, the equipment information may include inertial energy information. Inertial energy is the value obtained by multiplying the inertial constant of the power device during operation by the output power (kW) of the energy storage device, and is information held by the power device. The frequency of acquiring information from the information communication devices 41A to 41E may be at regular intervals or at any arbitrary timing. Examples of arbitrary timing include the timing instructed by the control unit 106 or at a predetermined time. The frequency of acquisition may differ depending on the type of information.

[0044] Examples of status information for power devices 31A to 31E include, for example, the control parameters of power devices 31A to 31E (inertia constant, primary adjustment force constant (droop rate)). There is also information on the current output power of power devices 31A to 31E. Furthermore, there is information on the control commands (higher-level control commands) that power devices 31A to 31E are receiving and executing from the energy management system 100. This could be control commands currently being executed, or control commands executed or received within a certain period. In addition, the system may manage a history of control commands issued by the energy management system 100 to power devices 31A to 31E.

[0045] An example of information for installation areas A to E is location information for installation areas A to E. This location information may also be the location information for power devices 31A to 31E. If power devices 31A to 31E are equipped with GPS, GPS detected location information may also be used. The location information may also be a representative location for installation areas A to E. The location information may be coordinates expressed as longitude, latitude, altitude, etc., or an address, or an area name. In the case of an area name, the energy management system 100 (location information acquisition unit 103 or control unit 106) may use map data to identify the location of the installation area from the name. The installation area information may also include information indicating the distance to other installation areas. Each power device may store information on the distance to the installation areas of other power devices. The distance between installation areas may be calculated by the energy management system 100 (location information acquisition unit 103 or control unit 106) from the location information of each installation area.

[0046] The information acquired from the information and communication devices 51X and 51Y on the demand areas X and Y includes location information and power consumption information for each of the demand areas X and Y.

[0047] The location information of the demand area may be a representative location of the demand area or the name of the demand area. If the name of the demand area is used, the energy management system 100 (location information acquisition unit 103 or control unit 106) may use map data to identify the location information of the demand area from the name. The location information of the demand area may also include information indicating the distance between the demand area and each installation area of ​​the power devices 31A to 31E. The energy management system 100 (location information acquisition unit 103 or control unit 106) may calculate the distance between the demand area and each installation area from the location of the demand area and the location of each installation area. Instead of acquiring power consumption information for the demand area, power consumption information for each load device within the demand area may be acquired, and the energy management system 100 may calculate the power consumption information for the demand area by summing these power consumption values.

[0048] The equipment information acquisition unit 102 acquires equipment information for power devices 31A to 31E from the database 105 and sends it to the control unit.

[0049] The location information acquisition unit 103 acquires installation area information for power devices 31A to 31E and location information for demand areas X and Y from the database 105 and sends it to the control unit 106. At this time, distance information indicating the distance between demand areas X and Y and installation areas A to E may also be sent.

[0050] The status acquisition unit 104 acquires status information of power devices 31A to 31E from the database 105 and sends it to the control unit 106.

[0051] The control unit 106 may receive information acquisition requests from the equipment information acquisition unit 102, the location information acquisition unit 103, and the status information acquisition unit 104 at regular intervals, and acquire the information.

[0052] The control unit 106 controls the operation of power devices 31A to 35E based on information acquired from the equipment information acquisition unit 102, the location information acquisition unit 103, and the status information acquisition unit 104. Specifically, it controls the inertial force (control of inertia constant), primary adjustment force (control of primary adjustment constant or droop rate), secondary adjustment force (control of active and reactive power), and tertiary adjustment force (control of active and reactive power) in power devices 31A to 35E. The control command unit 107 transmits control commands to power devices 31A to 35E according to the content determined by the control unit 106. Power devices 31A to 35E perform charge and discharge control in accordance with these control commands.

[0053] Figure 4 is a flowchart of an example of the processing performed by the control unit 106. The control unit 106 performs this processing, for example, at regular intervals.

[0054] It is determined whether the power consumption in each demand area (demand areas X and Y) has fluctuated significantly more than usual (S110). Here, it is determined whether the fluctuation (increase or decrease) was greater than a certain amount per unit time (S110). If the fluctuation is greater than a certain amount, the distance between the demand area where the fluctuation occurred (referred to as the load fluctuation area) and the installation areas A to E where the power devices 31A to 31E are installed is determined. The distance may be calculated from the location information of the load fluctuation area and the location information of each installation area, or the distance information may be stored in advance in the database 105 of the energy management system 100. Here, it is assumed that the customer area X is the load fluctuation area.

[0055] For power devices 31A to 31E, the closer the installation area of ​​each power device is to the load fluctuation area, the greater the inertial force (including pseudo-inertial force) is adjusted (S120). In other words, control is performed to increase the inertial constant. If the load fluctuation area is the demand area X, the distance from the demand area X is closest to the aforementioned installation area B, installation area C, installation areas A and D, and installation area E, in that order. In this case, if the inertial constants of power devices 31A to 31E are VA to VE, then VB is the largest, followed by VC, then VA and VD are next largest, and VE is the smallest. Specifically, as a method for determining each value, correspondence information (table or function) that associates the amount of power consumption fluctuation in the demand area, the distance between the load fluctuation area and the installation area, and the value of the inertial constant may be stored in the database 105 or another storage unit, and the values ​​may be determined based on this correspondence information. The correspondence information may be in any format such as a table or function.

[0056] Here, the constant of inertia was determined solely based on distance; however, the conditions of individual power devices may also be considered as additional factors when determining the constant of inertia.

[0057] For example, if a power system includes a power generator (as in power systems 31A, 31C, and 31E in Figure 1), the larger the power generation capacity, the larger the inertia constant may be. This reduces power loss in transmission and distribution, and also improves the safety of the power generator. Power generation capacity is a numerical value (kW) that represents how much power a power generator can generate, and is also called output capacity. The larger the power generation capacity of a power generator, the more margin or capacity it has to cope with fluctuations in inertial force even if power consumption suddenly increases. Specifically, one way to reflect the power generation capacity in the fluctuation of the inertia constant is to add the power generation capacity to the correspondence information described above. In this case, the fluctuation of the inertia constant corresponding to the distance from the power generator's installation area and the power generation capacity of the power generator can be obtained from the correspondence information described above.

[0058] Furthermore, if the power generation system includes an energy storage device, the inertia constant may be increased according to the State of Charge (SOC) of the energy storage device. For example, if the power consumption in the demand area suddenly increases, a larger SOC indicates a greater margin or capacity to cope with fluctuations in inertial force; therefore, the larger the SOC, the larger the inertia constant may be. Note that the energy storage device may be combined with a household solar power generation system or a large-scale solar power generation system to store the electricity generated by the solar power generation system (the same applies hereinafter).

[0059] Furthermore, if the power supply includes an energy storage device, the inertia constant may be increased in proportion to the inertial energy possessed by the power supply. For example, if the power consumption in a demand area suddenly increases, a larger inertial energy provides more margin or capacity to cope with fluctuations in inertial force; therefore, the larger the inertial energy, the larger the inertial constant may be.

[0060] The control command unit 107 transmits command information regarding the inertia constant determined by the control unit 106 to each power unit 31A to 31E. The command information may be the changed value of the inertia constant, or it may be the amount of change from the current value of the inertia constant in each power unit.

[0061] Figure 4 shows an example where the inertial force is adjusted according to the distance from power devices 31A to 31E to the load fluctuation area (demand area X in this example). The thickness of the arrows schematically indicates the magnitude of the inertial constant. Here, it is assumed that the inertial constant is increased by an amount corresponding to the thickness of the arrows.

[0062] Changing the inertial force is effective for adjustments made within a few seconds after fluctuations in demand (power consumption in the demand area) occur. For frequency fluctuations with periods of a few seconds to a few minutes, frequency control is performed by adjusting the primary regulating force. Therefore, after the control unit 106 performs control to adjust the inertial force of the power devices 31A to 31E, it then performs control to adjust the primary regulating force (S130). Adjusting the primary regulating force means adjusting the droop rate (primary regulating force constant). The adjustment of the primary regulating force, like the adjustment of the inertial force, should be performed according to the distance between the load fluctuation area and each installation area.

[0063] In other words, for power devices 31A to 31E, the closer the installation area of ​​each power device is to the load fluctuation area, the greater the primary adjustment force, i.e., the greater the droop rate (primary adjustment force constant). If the load fluctuation area is the demand area X, the distance from the demand area X is closest to the installation area B, installation area C, installation areas A and D, and installation area E, in that order. In this case, if the primary adjustment force constants for each power device 31A to 31E are WA to WE, then WB is the largest, followed by WC, then WA and WD are the next largest, and WE is the smallest. Specifically, as a method for determining the amount of fluctuation, correspondence information that associates the amount of fluctuation in total power consumption, the distance between the load fluctuation area and the installation area, and the primary adjustment force constant may be stored in the database 105 or another storage unit, and the determination may be made based on this correspondence information. The correspondence information may be in the form of a table or a function. The control command unit 107 transmits the command information of the primary adjustment force constant determined by the control unit 106 to each power device 31A to 31E. The command information may be the value of the primary adjustment force constant after the change, or it may be the amount of change from the current value of the primary adjustment force constant in each power device.

[0064] Here, the primary adjustment force constant was determined solely based on distance; however, as in the case of adjusting inertial forces, the primary adjustment force constant may also be determined by including the conditions of individual power devices as further factors.

[0065] For example, if the power equipment includes a power generator (as in power equipment 31A, 31C, and 31E in Figure 1), the primary adjustment constant may be increased as the power generation capacity increases. A larger power generation capacity means the power generator has more margin or capacity to cope with fluctuations in the primary adjustment force even if power consumption suddenly increases. Specifically, one way to reflect the power generation capacity in the value of the primary adjustment constant is to add the power generation capacity to the correspondence information described above. In this case, the value of the primary adjustment constant corresponding to the distance from the power generation equipment installation area and the power generation capacity of the power generation equipment can be obtained from the correspondence information described above.

[0066] Furthermore, if the power system includes an energy storage device, the primary adjustment power constant may be increased according to the State of Charge (SOC) of the energy storage device. For example, if the total power consumption rises sharply, a larger SOC indicates a greater margin or capacity to cope with fluctuations in the primary adjustment power; therefore, the larger the SOC, the larger the primary adjustment power constant may be.

[0067] Furthermore, if the power device includes an energy storage device, the primary adjustment force constant may be increased in proportion to the inertial energy possessed by the power device. For example, if the total power consumption suddenly increases, a larger inertial energy indicates a greater margin or capacity to cope with this increase; therefore, the primary adjustment force constant may be increased as the inertial energy increases.

[0068] The control command unit 107 transmits command information regarding the primary adjustment force constant determined by the control unit 106 to each power device 31A to 31E. The command information may be the value of the primary adjustment force constant after the change, or it may be the amount of change from the current value of the primary adjustment force constant in each power device.

[0069] Figure 4 above shows an example in which the primary adjustment force of power devices 31A to 31E is adjusted according to the distance from each power device 31A to 31E to the load fluctuation area (demand area X in this example). The thickness of the arrows schematically indicates the magnitude of the primary adjustment force of power devices 31A to 31E. Here, it is assumed that the primary adjustment constant is increased by an amount corresponding to the thickness of the arrow.

[0070] After the control unit 106 controls the primary regulating force of the power devices 31A to 31E, it then controls the secondary regulating force (S140). For frequency fluctuations with periods of several minutes to several tens of minutes, frequency control is performed by adjusting the secondary regulating force (LFC: load frequency control). The adjustment of the secondary regulating force is performed by controlling the active power and reactive power in general. The adjustment of the secondary regulating force can be performed according to the distance between the load fluctuation area and each installation area, similar to the adjustment of the inertial force and the primary regulating force. The adjustment of the secondary regulating force may also be performed using the history of previous higher-level command values ​​(command values ​​for output active power and reactive power) for the power devices 31A to 31E.

[0071] For example, if the power consumption in the demand area increases significantly, the active power of power devices 31A to 31E will be changed more significantly the closer their installation area is to the load fluctuation area. Similar to the adjustment of inertial force and primary adjustment force, the secondary adjustment force may also be adjusted by adding conditions other than distance, such as the status of each power device (generation capacity, SOC, inertial energy, etc.). The adjustment method may be the same as for the adjustment of inertial force and primary adjustment force.

[0072] The control command unit 107 transmits the command information for secondary adjustment power (specification of active power and reactive power to be output) determined by the control unit 106 to each power device 31A to 31E.

[0073] Figure 4 above shows an example in which the secondary adjustment power of power devices 31A to 31E is adjusted according to the distance from each power device 31A to 31E to the load fluctuation area (demand area X in this example). The thickness of the arrows schematically indicates the magnitude of the secondary adjustment power of power devices 31A to 31E. Here, it is assumed that the active power is increased by an amount corresponding to the thickness of the arrows.

[0074] After the control unit 106 controls the secondary adjustment force of the power devices 31A to 31E, it then controls the tertiary adjustment force (S150). For frequency fluctuations with periods exceeding several tens of minutes, frequency control is performed by adjusting the tertiary adjustment force (ELD: Economic Load Distribution). The tertiary adjustment force is adjusted by controlling general active and reactive power. The tertiary adjustment force can be adjusted according to the distance between the load fluctuation area and each installation area, similar to the adjustment of inertial force and primary adjustment force. The tertiary adjustment force may also be adjusted using the history of previous higher-level command values ​​(command values ​​for output active and reactive power) for the power devices 31A to 31E.

[0075] For example, if the power consumption in the demand area increases significantly, the active power of power devices 31A to 31E will be changed more significantly the closer their installation area is to the load fluctuation area. Similar to the adjustment of inertial force and primary adjustment force, the secondary adjustment force may also be adjusted by adding conditions other than distance, such as the status of each power device (generation capacity, SOC, inertial energy, etc.). The adjustment method may be the same as for the adjustment of inertial force and primary adjustment force.

[0076] The control command unit 107 transmits the command information for the tertiary adjustment power (specification of the active power and reactive power to be output) determined by the control unit 106 to each power device 31A to 31E.

[0077] Figure 4 above shows an example in which the tertiary adjustment power of power devices 31A to 31E is adjusted according to the distance from each power device 31A to 31E to the load fluctuation area (demand area X in this example). The thickness of the arrows schematically indicates the magnitude of the tertiary adjustment power of power devices 31A to 31E. Here, it is assumed that the active power is increased by an amount corresponding to the thickness of the arrows.

[0078] The processing in this flowchart may be repeated at regular intervals. In step S110, once the fluctuation in power consumption in the load fluctuation area has stabilized (for example, if the amount of power consumption fluctuation is below a threshold for a predetermined period of time), the control unit 106 may perform control to restore the inertial force and adjustment force (first, second, and third) to their original values. The order in which they are restored may be predetermined.

[0079] The processing described in this flowchart can also be implemented using a computer program. In this case, the computer program is stored in a storage medium such as memory, and the computer reads and executes the program from the storage medium. The computer can be a general-purpose arithmetic unit equipped with a CPU, memory, and input / output circuits.

[0080] As described above, according to this embodiment, by controlling the inertial force and adjustment force of the power devices to be larger the closer they are to the load fluctuation area and the installation area of ​​each power device, it becomes possible to control the frequency of the power system while reducing overall power transmission losses, rather than increasing the inertial force and adjustment force of power devices in installation areas that are farther away.

[0081] (modified version) In the embodiment described above, the inertial force and regulating force of each power device were adjusted so that the closer the distance between the load fluctuation area and the installation area of ​​each power device, the greater the adjustment amount from the current value. However, the inertial force and regulating force of each power device may also be adjusted so that the closer the distance, the greater the adjustment amount from the current value. For example, the closer the distance, the greater the adjustment amount of the inertial constant may be increased. This makes it possible to control the frequency of the power system while reducing overall power transmission losses, compared to increasing the adjustment amount of the inertial constant of power devices that are farther away.

[0082] (Second Embodiment) In the configuration shown in Figure 1, it is assumed that power system 2 is a main grid; however, in the second embodiment, power system 2 is a microgrid.

[0083] Figure 4 shows an example configuration when power system 2 is a microgrid. The microgrid is connected to the main power system 200 via a switch 250. The microgrid is part of power system 2 and is a small-scale power system installed within a region. The communication unit 101 of the energy management system 100 communicates with the switch 250 and can obtain information indicating the open / closed state of the switch 250. For example, information on opening and closing may be obtained at regular time intervals, or information may be obtained when it switches from open to closed or from closed to open. Alternatively, information on opening and closing may be obtained from other devices such as information and communication devices 51X, 51Y, 41A~41E.

[0084] Under normal circumstances, switch 250 is closed (switch 250 is on), and power is supplied from the main grid 200 to the microgrid. If a blackout or other abnormality occurs in the main grid 200, switch 250 opens (switch 250 turns off), and the microgrid separates from the main grid 200 and operates independently. In other words, the microgrid alone can supply power to the region. A microgrid separated from the main grid 200 is called an off-grid, while a microgrid connected to the main grid 200 is called an on-grid. Even in the off-grid case, the energy management system 100 operates in the same manner as in the configuration shown in Figure 1, controlling the inertial force and adjustment force (primary, secondary, tertiary) of each power device in response to load fluctuations in the demand area.

[0085] The method by which the energy management system 100 controls the inertial force and adjustment force of each power device may be changed depending on whether the system is off-grid or on-grid. In the case of an on-grid system, the operation of the embodiment described above is performed, and in the case of an off-grid system, the total power capacity is smaller than that of an on-grid system because power is not supplied from the main grid 200, so the values ​​or range of change of the inertial force and adjustment force (primary, secondary, and tertiary) may be reduced. For this reason, the correspondence information described above may be prepared separately for off-grid and on-grid systems and switched between depending on whether the system is off-grid or on-grid.

[0086] By determining whether the system is on-grid or off-grid, the optimal inertia constant and adjustment force can be set for both on-grid and off-grid systems. In other words, when the system is separated from the main grid, such as during a power outage or disaster, the appropriate inertia constant or adjustment force can be determined based on the actual environment of the microgrid. This also makes it possible to reduce power loss in transmission and distribution, even when using locally produced and consumed electricity.

[0087] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the components can be modified and implemented in practice without departing from the spirit of the invention. Furthermore, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining the multiple components disclosed in the embodiments. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiments. Moreover, components from different actual forms may be appropriately combined.

[0088] This embodiment can also be configured as follows. [Item 1] A control device for a power system capable of supplying power to load devices in multiple demand areas, based on first to n power devices capable of discharging or charging power, which are installed in first to n installation areas, Based on the power consumption information for each demand area, the control unit detects a demand area where the power consumption has fluctuated significantly more than usual, and determines the control parameters for power input and output to be set for the first to nth power devices according to the distance between the demand area and the first to nth installation areas. A control device equipped with the following features. [Item 2] The first to Nth power devices have an inertial force with respect to the power system, The control parameter is the inertia constant. The control device described in item 1. [Item 3] The control unit increases the inertia constant for power devices located in installation areas that are closer in distance. The control device described in item 2. [Item 4] The first to Nth power devices are capable of droop control over the power system, The aforementioned control parameter is the droop rate. The control device described in item 1 or 2. [Item 5] The control unit increases the droop rate for power devices located in installation areas that are closer in distance. The control device described in item 4. [Item 6] The control unit performs control to adjust the secondary adjustment force of the first to nth power devices according to the distance between the demand area and the first to nth installation areas. A control device as described in any one of items 1 to 5. [Item 7] The control unit performs control to adjust the tertiary adjustment force of the first to nth power devices according to the distance between the demand area and the first to nth installation areas. A control device as described in any one of items 1 to 6. [Item 8] At least one of the first to Nth power devices has a power generation device, The control unit further modifies the control parameters of the power device having the power generator based on the power generation capacity of the power generator. A control device as described in any one of items 1 to 7. [Item 9] At least one of the first to Nth power devices has a power storage device, The control unit further modifies the control parameters of the power device having the energy storage device based on the charge state of the energy storage device. A control device as described in any one of items 1 to 8. [Item 10] At least one of the power devices further comprises a power generation device, and the energy storage device stores the electricity generated by the power generation device. The control device described in item 9. [Item 11] The aforementioned power system is connected to the main power system via a switch. The control unit further modifies the control parameters based on the open / closed state information of whether the switch is open or closed. A control device as described in any one of items 1 to 10. [Item 12] The first to Nth power devices include a synchronous generator or a constant voltage inverter, and the synchronous generator or the constant voltage inverter has an inertial force with respect to the power system. A control device as described in any one of items 1 to 11. [Item 13] The first to Nth power devices include a synchronous generator or a constant voltage inverter, and the synchronous generator or the constant voltage inverter has the function of performing the droop control. A control device as described in any one of items 1 to 11. [Item 14] The distance between the aforementioned demand area and the first to Nth installation areas is the distance along the power lines in the power system. A control device as described in any one of items 1 to 13. [Item 15] The distance between the aforementioned demand area and the first to Nth installation areas is a geographical distance. A control device as described in any one of items 1 through 14. [Item 16] The power consumption of the aforementioned demand area is the sum of the power consumption of the load devices in the aforementioned demand area. A control device as described in any one of items 1 through 15. [Item 17] An energy management system for a power grid capable of supplying power to load devices in multiple demand areas, based on power devices 1 to N installed in 1 to N installation areas, each capable of at least one of discharging or charging power, A communication unit that communicates with multiple information and communication devices corresponding to the multiple demand areas, An acquisition unit that acquires power consumption information for each demand area from the aforementioned plurality of information and communication devices, Based on the acquired information, a control unit detects a demand area where the power consumption has fluctuated significantly more than usual, and determines control parameters related to the power input and output of the first to nth power devices according to the distance between the demand area and the first to nth installation areas. A control command unit transmits command information to the first to Nth power devices instructing them to perform the power input and output based on the control parameters. An energy management system equipped with [specific features / equipment]. [Item 18] A computer program to be executed by a computer for a power system that can supply power to load devices in multiple demand areas, based on power devices 1 to N installed in 1 to N installation areas and capable of at least one of discharging or charging power, The steps include obtaining information on power consumption for each demand area, Based on the acquired information, the steps include detecting a demand area where the power consumption has fluctuated significantly more than usual, The steps include changing the control parameters related to the power input and output of the first to nth power devices according to the distance between the demand area and the first to nth installation areas, The steps include transmitting command information to the first to Nth power devices instructing them to perform the power input and output based on the control parameters, A computer program equipped with [a specific feature / ability]. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0089] 1. Power Systems 2 Power system 200 Main System 3 Load device 4 Transmission and distribution lines 11B Voltage Controlled Inverter 11C Voltage Controlled Inverter 11D Voltage Controlled Inverter 11E Voltage Controlled Inverter 21B Energy storage device 21B Home Solar Power Generation System 21C Home Solar Power Generation System 21D Electric Vehicle 21E Large-scale solar power generation system 31 Power equipment 31A power supply device (power device) 31A power equipment 31A Installation Area 31A Synchronous power generator 31A Synchronous Generator (Power Equipment) 31A Synchronous Generator 31B Power equipment 31B Installation Area 31C power equipment 31C Installation Area 31D Power Equipment 31D Installation Area 31E Power equipment 31E Installation Area 35E Power Equipment 41A~41E Information and communication equipment 51A~51E Information communication equipment 51X Information and Communication Equipment 100 Energy Management Systems 100 Energy Management Systems 100 Energy Systems 101 Communications Department 102 Equipment information acquisition department 103 Location information acquisition unit 104 Situation Information Acquisition Unit 104 Situation Acquisition Unit 105 Databases 106 Control Unit 107 Control Command Unit 200 main systems 250 Switch H1~H4 Distance X Demand area Y Demand Area

Claims

1. A control device for a power system capable of supplying power to load devices in multiple demand areas, based on first to n power devices capable of discharging or charging power, which are installed in first to n installation areas, Based on the power consumption information for each demand area, the control unit detects a demand area where the power consumption has fluctuated significantly more than usual, and determines control parameters for power input and output to be set for the first to nth power devices according to the distance between the demand area and the first to nth installation areas. Equipped with, The first to Nth power devices have an inertial force with respect to the power system, The control parameter is the inertia constant, The control unit increases the inertia constant for power devices located in installation areas that are closer in distance. Control device.

2. A control device for a power system capable of supplying power to load devices in multiple demand areas, based on first to n power devices capable of discharging or charging power, which are installed in first to n installation areas, Based on the power consumption information for each demand area, the control unit detects a demand area where the power consumption has fluctuated significantly more than usual, and determines control parameters for power input and output to be set for the first to nth power devices according to the distance between the demand area and the first to nth installation areas. Equipped with, The first to Nth power devices are capable of droop control over the power system, The aforementioned control parameter is the droop rate, The control unit increases the droop rate for power devices located in installation areas that are closer in distance. Control device.

3. A control device for a power system capable of supplying power to load devices in multiple demand areas, based on first to n power devices capable of discharging or charging power, which are installed in first to n installation areas, Based on the power consumption information for each demand area, the control unit detects a demand area where the power consumption has fluctuated significantly more than usual, and determines control parameters for power input and output to be set for the first to nth power devices according to the distance between the demand area and the first to nth installation areas. Equipped with, At least one of the first to N power devices has a power generation device, The control unit further modifies the control parameters of the power device having the power generation device based on the power generation capacity of the power generation device. Control device.

4. A control device for a power system capable of supplying power to load devices in multiple demand areas, based on first to n power devices capable of discharging or charging power, which are installed in first to n installation areas, Based on the power consumption information for each demand area, the control unit detects a demand area where the power consumption has fluctuated significantly more than usual, and determines control parameters for power input and output to be set for the first to nth power devices according to the distance between the demand area and the first to nth installation areas. Equipped with, At least one of the first to Nth power devices has a power storage device, The control unit further modifies the control parameters of the power device having the energy storage device based on the charge state of the energy storage device. Control device.

5. A control device for a power system capable of supplying power to load devices in multiple demand areas, based on first to n power devices capable of discharging or charging power, which are installed in first to n installation areas, Based on the power consumption information for each demand area, the control unit detects a demand area where the power consumption has fluctuated significantly more than usual, and determines control parameters for power input and output to be set for the first to nth power devices according to the distance between the demand area and the first to nth installation areas. Equipped with, The aforementioned power system is connected to the main power system via a switch. The control unit further modifies the control parameters based on the open / closed state information of whether the switch is open or not. Control device.

6. A control device for a power system capable of supplying power to load devices in multiple demand areas, based on first to n power devices capable of discharging or charging power, which are installed in first to n installation areas, Based on the power consumption information for each demand area, the control unit detects a demand area where the power consumption has fluctuated significantly more than usual, and determines control parameters for power input and output to be set for the first to nth power devices according to the distance between the demand area and the first to nth installation areas. Equipped with, The first to Nth power devices have an inertial force with respect to the power system, The control parameter is the inertia constant, The first to Nth power devices include a synchronous generator or a constant voltage inverter, and the synchronous generator or the constant voltage inverter has the inertial force with respect to the power system. Control device.

7. A control device for a power system capable of supplying power to load devices in multiple demand areas, based on first to n power devices capable of discharging or charging power, which are installed in first to n installation areas, Based on the power consumption information for each demand area, the control unit detects a demand area where the power consumption has fluctuated significantly more than usual, and determines control parameters for power input and output to be set for the first to nth power devices according to the distance between the demand area and the first to nth installation areas. Equipped with, The first to Nth power devices are capable of droop control over the power system, The aforementioned control parameter is the droop rate, The first to Nth power devices include a synchronous generator or a constant voltage inverter, and the synchronous generator or the constant voltage inverter has the function of performing the droop control. Control device.

8. The control unit performs control to adjust the secondary adjustment force of the first to Nth power devices according to the distance between the demand area and the first to Nth installation areas. The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The control unit performs control to adjust the tertiary adjustment power of the first to nth power devices according to the distance between the demand area and the first to nth installation areas. The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. The distance between the aforementioned demand area and the first to Nth installation areas is the distance along the power lines in the power system. The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

11. The distance between the aforementioned demand area and the first to Nth installation areas is a geographical distance. The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

12. The power consumption of the aforementioned demand area is the sum of the power consumption of the load devices in the aforementioned demand area. The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

13. The first to Nth power devices include three or more power devices. The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

14. At least one of the power devices further comprises a power generation device, and the energy storage device stores the electricity generated by the power generation device. The control device according to claim 4.

15. A control device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, A communication unit that communicates with multiple information and communication devices corresponding to the multiple demand areas, An acquisition unit that acquires power consumption information for each demand area from the aforementioned plurality of information and communication devices, A control command unit transmits command information to the first to Nth power devices that instructs them to perform the power input and output based on the control parameters. An energy management system equipped with [specific features / equipment].

16. The control command unit transmits information including a command for the first to Nth power devices to operate simultaneously as command information. The energy management system according to claim 15.

17. A computer program to be executed by a computer for a power system capable of supplying power to load devices in multiple demand areas, based on power devices from the first to the nth installed in the first to the nth installation areas, which are capable of discharging or charging power, The steps include obtaining information on power consumption for each demand area, Based on the acquired information, the steps include detecting a demand area where the power consumption has fluctuated significantly more than usual, A step of determining control parameters relating to the power input and output of the first to nth power devices according to the distance between the demand area and the first to nth installation areas, wherein the determination is performed by the same process as the determination by the control unit of the control device described in any one of claims 1 to 7. The steps include transmitting command information to the first to Nth power devices instructing them to perform the power input and output based on the control parameters, A computer program that causes a computer to execute a command.

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