Bridge construction methods
The described bridge construction method addresses the issue of prolonged construction times by stacking and rotating bridge units using rotating support members, enabling efficient and rapid bridge assembly without support bases or large machinery, and introducing prestress for girder bridges.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- KAJIMA CORP
- Filing Date
- 2022-09-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-01
AI Technical Summary
Existing bridge construction methods, such as those described in Patent Document 1, result in prolonged construction periods due to the need for large hoisting machines and temporary support members when using pre-cast blocks, which are heavy and require extensive setup.
A bridge construction method involving the stacking of bridge cross-sectional materials in a direction different from the bridge axis direction and subsequent rotation of these units using rotating support members to install them in the axis direction, eliminating the need for bridge support bases, large lifting machines, and temporary support members.
This method allows for rapid construction of bridges by reducing the on-site construction period and minimizing the required working space, while also enabling the use of precast blocks and introducing prestress through tensioning members, particularly beneficial for girder bridges.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a construction method for bridges such as girder bridges and arch bridges.
Background Art
[0002] Patent Document 1 describes a method for erecting a bridge. This bridge erection method is a cantilever erection method in which a cantilever housing block is sequentially constructed in the bridge axis direction from a bridge support base using a mobile work vehicle called a wagon.
Prior Art Documents
Patent Documents
[0003]
Patent Document 1
Summary of the Invention
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
[0004] In the bridge erection method described in Patent Document 1, a bridge support base is constructed between the abutments of a bridge to be erected over a river, a harbor, etc., a mobile work vehicle is disposed on the bridge support base, and a cantilever housing block is sequentially constructed by placing cast - in - place concrete one by one in the bridge axis direction from the bridge support base using the mobile work vehicle. For this reason, there is a problem that the construction period becomes long.
[0005] Here, it is conceivable to construct a bridge by pre - casting the bridge and joining the pre - cast blocks in the bridge axis direction. However, since the pre - cast blocks are heavy objects, it is necessary to install a large hoisting machine between the abutments or near the abutments, and it is also necessary to install a temporary support member for supporting the pre - cast blocks between the abutments. For this reason, the construction period cannot be sufficiently shortened.
[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a construction method for a bridge that can be constructed in a short period. [Means for solving the problem]
[0007] [1] The bridge construction method according to the present invention comprises a unit construction step of constructing a bridge unit by stacking bridge cross-sectional materials that form the cross-section of the bridge in a direction intersecting the bridge axis direction in a direction different from the bridge axis direction, and a unit rotation step of rotating the bridge unit to install the bridge unit in the bridge axis direction.
[0008] This bridge construction method involves constructing bridge units by stacking bridge cross-sectional materials in a direction different from the bridge axis direction, and then rotating the bridge units to position them in the bridge axis direction. As a result, the bridge can be constructed without placing bridge support bases, large lifting machines, and temporary support members between the abutments. This allows for construction in a short period of time.
[0009] [2] In the bridge construction method described in [1] above, in the unit construction process, bridge cross-sectional materials may be stacked starting from a rotating support member that rotatably supports the bridge unit, and in the unit rotation process, the bridge unit may be rotated around the rotating support member as an axis. In this bridge construction method, since bridge cross-sectional materials are stacked starting from the rotating support member and the bridge unit is rotated around the rotating support member as an axis, the bridge unit can be easily rotated and installed in the bridge axis direction.
[0010] [3] In the bridge construction method described in [1] or [2] above, the unit construction process may involve stacking the bridge cross-sectional materials vertically upward. In this bridge construction method, since the bridge cross-sectional materials are stacked vertically upward, the working space at the site can be reduced. This makes it possible to construct a bridge even at a site with limited working space.
[0011] [4] In the bridge construction method described in any one of [1] to [3] above, the bridge cross section material is a precast block, and in the unit construction process, the stacked bridge cross section material may be integrated. In this bridge construction method, the bridge cross section material is made of precast blocks and the stacked bridge cross section material is integrated, which further shortens the on-site construction period.
[0012] [5] In the bridge construction method described in [4] above, the bridge cross section members have hollow sections that penetrate in the direction of stacking, and in the unit construction process, the stacked bridge cross section members may be integrated by tensioning them with tensioning members passed through the hollow sections. In this bridge construction method, the stacked bridge cross section members are integrated by tensioning them with tensioning members passed through the hollow sections, so prestress can be introduced into the bridge unit. For this reason, it is particularly effective for bridges that do not have an arch structure, such as girder bridges.
[0013] [6] In the bridge construction method described in any one of [1] to [5] above, in the unit construction process, bridge units are constructed on the first abutment and the second abutment, which are spaced apart from each other, and the bridge unit constructed on the first abutment is designated as the first bridge unit, and the bridge unit constructed on the second abutment is designated as the second bridge unit. In the unit rotation process, the first bridge unit and the second bridge unit may be rotated in directions opposite to each other and installed in the bridge axis direction, and the tip of the first bridge unit and the tip of the second bridge unit may be joined. In this bridge construction method, the first bridge unit and the second bridge unit are constructed on the first abutment and the second abutment, the first bridge unit and the second bridge unit are rotated in directions opposite to each other and installed in the bridge axis direction, and the tip of the first bridge unit and the tip of the second bridge unit are joined, thereby preventing the lengths of the first bridge unit and the second bridge unit in the stacking direction of the bridge cross section material from becoming too long. This allows for easy construction of the first and second bridge units at the first and second abutments, and also prevents the first and second bridge units from breaking when they are rotated. [Advantages of the Invention]
[0014] According to the present invention, construction can be carried out in a short period of time. [Brief Description of the Drawings]
[0015] [Figure 1] It is a schematic side view showing a bridge constructed by the bridge construction method according to the embodiment. [Figure 2] It is a schematic side view for explaining the unit construction process. [Figure 3] It is a schematic side view for explaining the unit construction process. [Figure 4] It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bridge cross-sectional member in a direction orthogonal to the lamination direction of the bridge cross-sectional member. [Figure 5] It is a schematic side view for explaining the unit rotation process. [Figure 6] It is a schematic side view for explaining the unit rotation process. [Figure 7] It is a schematic side view for explaining the unit construction process of the second embodiment. [Figure 8] It is a schematic side view for explaining the unit construction process of the third embodiment. [Figure 9] It is a schematic plan view for explaining the unit rotation process of the third embodiment. [Figure 10] (a), (b), and (c) are schematic side views showing examples of the shape of the tip in the lamination direction of the bridge unit. [Modes for Carrying Out the Invention]
[0016] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same or corresponding elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted.
[0017] [First Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a bridge constructed by the bridge construction method according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the bridge construction method according to the present embodiment is a method of constructing a bridge 1 erected over a river, a harbor, or the like. This bridge 1 is the superstructure (upper structure) of the bridge erected on the first abutment 2 and the second abutment 3 that are spaced apart from each other. The bridge construction method according to the present embodiment includes a unit construction process and a unit rotation process.
[0018] (Unit construction process) FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic side views for explaining the unit construction process. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in the unit construction process, a first bridge unit 10A in which bridge cross-section members 11 are laminated in a direction different from the bridge axis direction D1 of the bridge 1 is constructed on the first abutment 2. Also, a second bridge unit 10B in which bridge cross-section members 11 are laminated in a direction different from the bridge axis direction D1 of the bridge 1 is constructed on the second abutment 3. The bridge axis direction D1 of the bridge 1 is, for example, the direction facing the first abutment 2 and the second abutment 3. Also, the bridge axis direction D1 of the bridge 1 is, for example, the extending direction of the bridge 1. Since the first bridge unit 10A and the second bridge unit 10B basically have the same structure, they are collectively described as the bridge unit 10 unless otherwise separately described.
[0019] The bridge cross-section member 11 forms the cross-section of the bridge 1 in a direction intersecting the bridge axis direction D1 of the bridge 1. That is, the bridge cross-section member 11 forms not only a part of the cross-section of the bridge 1 in the direction intersecting the bridge axis direction D1 of the bridge 1 but also the entire cross-section of the bridge 1 in the direction intersecting the bridge axis direction D1 of the bridge 1. For this reason, for example, when the bridge 1 is an arch bridge, the bridge cross-section member 11 forms the cross-sections of both the arch rib and the auxiliary stiffening girder in the direction intersecting the bridge axis direction D1 of the bridge 1. In the present embodiment, the bridge cross-section member 11 is a precast block that forms the cross-section of the bridge 1 in the direction orthogonal to the bridge axis direction D1 of the bridge 1.
[0020] Precast blocks may be formed, for example, by pouring cement-based materials such as concrete or mortar (hereinafter simply referred to as "concrete, etc.") into a formwork, or by 3D printing of concrete, etc. For 3D printing of concrete, etc., gantry-type 3D printers, robotic arm-type 3D printers, etc., are used. In recent years, the rapid development of 3D printing technology for concrete, etc. has made it possible to optimize the topology of concrete, etc. Therefore, by forming precast blocks with optimized topology using 3D printing of concrete, etc., a significant reduction in the weight of the precast blocks can be achieved.
[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bridge cross-section material in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction of the bridge cross-section material. As shown in Figure 4, the bridge cross-section material 11 has a hollow portion 12 that penetrates in the stacking direction D2 of the bridge cross-section material 11. The stacking direction D2 of the bridge cross-section material 11 is the direction in which the bridge cross-section material 11 is stacked. When forming a precast block, which is the bridge cross-section material 11, by pouring concrete or the like into a formwork, a precast block having a hollow portion 12 can be formed by placing a hollow pipe inside the formwork and pouring concrete or the like, or by drilling a hollow portion 12 into the poured precast block. When forming a precast block, which is the bridge cross-section material 11, by 3D printing concrete or the like, a precast block having a hollow portion 12 can be formed by 3D printing the precast block so that it has a hollow portion 12. Furthermore, all bridge cross-sectional members 11 constituting the bridge unit 10 may have hollow sections 12, or only some of the bridge cross-sectional members 11 constituting the bridge unit 10 may have hollow sections 12. For example, the bridge cross-sectional members 11 located at both ends of the bridge unit 10 in the stacking direction D2 may not have hollow sections 12, while the other bridge cross-sectional members 11 may have hollow sections 12.
[0022] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, in the unit construction process, bridge cross-sectional members 11 are stacked from the first rotating support member 13A installed on the first abutment 2 and the second rotating support member 13B installed on the second abutment 3. Since the first rotating support member 13A and the second rotating support member 13B have basically the same structure, they will be described together as the rotating support member 13 unless otherwise specified. The rotating support member 13 has a fixed part 13a that is fixed to the first abutment 2 or the second abutment 3, and a rotating support part 13b that is rotatably supported relative to the fixed part 13a. At the first abutment 2, the fixed part 13a is fixed to the first abutment 2 so that the rotating support part 13b can rotate toward the second abutment 3 about a horizontal axis extending horizontally. At the second abutment 3, the fixed part 13a is fixed to the second abutment 3 so that the rotating support part 13b can rotate toward the first abutment 2 about a horizontal axis extending horizontally.
[0023] Then, the bridge section material 11 is fixed to the rotation support portion 13b of the first rotation support member 13A, and the bridge section material 11 is stacked vertically upward on this rotation support portion 13b to construct the first bridge unit 10A. Similarly, the bridge section material 11 is fixed to the rotation support portion 13b of the second rotation support member 13B, and the bridge section material 11 is stacked vertically upward on this rotation support portion 13b to construct the second bridge unit 10B. As a result, the first bridge unit 10A is supported by the first rotation support member 13A at its first base end portion 15A on the first rotation support member 13A side in the stacking direction D2 of the first bridge unit 10A, and is rotatable toward the second abutment 3 with the first rotation support member 13A as its axis. Furthermore, the second bridge unit 10B is supported by the second rotational support member 13B at the second base end 15B on the side of the second rotational support member 13B in the stacking direction D2 of the second bridge unit 10B, and is rotatable toward the first abutment 2 side with the second rotational support member 13B as its axis.
[0024] Furthermore, in the unit construction process, the bridge cross-section members 11 are stacked such that the outer periphery of adjacent bridge cross-section members 11 in the stacking direction D2 abuts against each other, and the hollow portions 12 of adjacent bridge cross-section members 11 in the stacking direction D2 communicate with each other. If a bridge cross-section member 11 has multiple hollow portions 12, it is sufficient that at least one hollow portion 12 communicates with adjacent bridge cross-section members 11 in the stacking direction D2.
[0025] Then, the stacked bridge section members 11 are integrated. The integration of the stacked bridge section members 11 may be performed, for example, by tensioning the stacked bridge section members 11 with tensioning members 14 passed through the hollow section 12, or by bonding adjacent bridge section members 11 in the stacking direction D2 with an adhesive, or by both tensioning with tensioning members 14 and bonding with an adhesive. The tensioning members 14 are, for example, PC steel. Prestress can be introduced into the bridge unit 10 by tensioning the bridge unit 10 with tensioning members 14. The tensioning with tensioning members 14 may be performed not only on all of the stacked bridge section members 11, but also on some of the bridge section members 11. For example, the bridge section members 11 may be stacked while tensioning any number of bridge section members 11 with tensioning members 14, and once all of the bridge section members 11 are stacked, all of the stacked bridge section members 11 may be tensioned with tensioning members 14.
[0026] As described above, the bridge cross section members 11 form the cross section of the bridge 1 in a direction perpendicular to the bridge axis direction D1 of the bridge 1. For example, if the bridge 1 is an arch bridge with a thin central section, the bridge cross section members 11 that become thinner towards the stacking direction D2 are stacked so that the thickness of the bridge unit 10 becomes thinner towards the stacking direction D2. On the other hand, if the bridge 1 is a girder bridge with a constant thickness in the bridge axis direction D1, the bridge cross section members 11 of the same thickness are stacked so that the thickness of the bridge unit 10 does not change in the stacking direction D2. In the drawings of this embodiment, as an example, the case in which the bridge 1 is an arch bridge with a thin central section is shown.
[0027] (Unit rotation process) Figures 5 and 6 are schematic side views illustrating the unit rotation process. As shown in Figures 1, 5, and 5, in the unit rotation process, the bridge unit 10 is rotated so as to tilt it, and the bridge unit 10 is installed in the bridge axis direction D1. In other words, in the unit rotation process, the first bridge unit 10A is rotated towards the second abutment 3 side using the first rotation support member 13A as the axis, and the first bridge unit 10A is installed in the bridge axis direction D1. Also, the second bridge unit 10B is rotated towards the first abutment 2 side using the second rotation support member 13B as the axis, and the second bridge unit 10B is installed in the bridge axis direction D1. At this time, in order to prevent the first bridge unit 10A and the second bridge unit 10B from breaking, the winch is used to tension the first bridge unit 10A toward the opposite side of the second abutment 3, and the second bridge unit 10B toward the opposite side of the first abutment 2, while simultaneously pulling the first tip 16A of the first bridge unit 10A in the stacking direction D2 and the second tip 16B of the second bridge unit 10B in the stacking direction D2 towards each other.
[0028] Then, when the first bridge unit 10A is installed in the bridge axis direction D1 and the second bridge unit 10B is installed in the bridge axis direction D1, the first tip 16A of the first bridge unit 10A in the stacking direction D2 and the second tip 16B of the second bridge unit 10B in the stacking direction D2 are joined. The joining of the first tip 16A of the first bridge unit 10A and the second tip 16B of the second bridge unit 10B may be done, for example, by pouring concrete or the like between the first tip 16A of the first bridge unit 10A and the second tip 16B of the second bridge unit 10B, or by bonding the first tip 16A of the first bridge unit 10A and the second tip 16B of the second bridge unit 10B with an adhesive or the like, or by both pouring concrete or the like and bonding with an adhesive or the like. As a result, the bridge 1 shown in Figure 1 is constructed.
[0029] Thus, in the bridge construction method according to this embodiment, a bridge unit 10 is constructed by stacking bridge cross-sectional materials 11 in a direction different from the bridge axis direction D1, and the bridge unit 10 is rotated to be installed in the bridge axis direction D1. Therefore, the bridge 1 can be constructed without arranging a bridge support base, a large lifting machine, and temporary support members between the first abutment 2 and the second abutment 3. This allows for construction in a short period of time.
[0030] Furthermore, since the bridge cross section members 11 are stacked from the rotating support member 13 and the bridge unit 10 is rotated around the rotating support member 13 as an axis, the bridge unit 10 can be easily rotated and installed in the bridge axis direction D1.
[0031] Furthermore, since the bridge cross-section members 11 are stacked vertically upwards, the working space at the site can be reduced. This makes it possible to construct the bridge 1 even at sites with limited working space.
[0032] Furthermore, by stacking the precast blocks of bridge cross-section material 11 and integrating the stacked bridge cross-section material 11, the on-site construction period can be further shortened.
[0033] Furthermore, since the stacked bridge cross-section members 11 are tensioned and integrated by tensioning members 14 passed through the hollow portions 12 of the bridge cross-section members 11, prestress can be introduced into the bridge unit 10. For this reason, it is particularly effective in bridges 1 that do not have an arch structure, such as girder bridges.
[0034] Furthermore, by constructing the first bridge unit 10A and the second bridge unit 10B on the first abutment 2 and the second abutment 3, and rotating the first bridge unit 10A and the second bridge unit 10B in opposing directions to install them in the bridge axis direction D1, and joining the first tip 16A of the first bridge unit 10A and the second tip 16B of the second bridge unit 10B, it is possible to prevent the lengths of the first bridge unit 10A and the second bridge unit 10B in the stacking direction D2 of the bridge cross section material 11 from becoming too long. As a result, the first bridge unit 10A and the second bridge unit 10B can be easily constructed on the first abutment 2 and the second abutment 3, and it is possible to prevent the first bridge unit 10A and the second bridge unit 10B from breaking when they are rotated.
[0035] [Second Embodiment] Next, the second embodiment will be described. The second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, with only the unit construction process differing from the first embodiment. For this reason, only the differences from the first embodiment will be described below, and the explanation of matters that are the same as the first embodiment will be omitted.
[0036] Figure 7 is a schematic side view illustrating the unit construction process of the second embodiment. As shown in Figures 7 and 3, in the unit construction process of the second embodiment, concrete or the like extruded from a 3D printer 32 installed on the first abutment 2 and the second abutment 3 is used as the bridge cross section material 31, instead of precast blocks. The 3D printer 32 is a device that performs 3D printing of concrete or the like. For example, a gantry-type 3D printer or a robotic arm-type 3D printer can be used as the 3D printer 32.
[0037] Then, a fluid concrete or the like is extruded from the 3D printer 32 installed on the first abutment 2, and this extruded fluid concrete or the like is stacked in the stacking direction D2 as bridge cross section material 31 to construct the first bridge unit 10A on the first abutment 2 (see Figure 3). Similarly, a fluid concrete or the like is extruded from the 3D printer 32 installed on the second abutment 3, and this extruded fluid concrete or the like is stacked in the stacking direction D2 as bridge cross section material 31 to construct the second bridge unit 10B on the second abutment 3 (see Figure 3). In the unit construction process of the second embodiment, it is also preferable to tension the constructed bridge unit 10 with tensioning material 14.
[0038] Thus, in the bridge construction method according to this embodiment, the bridge unit 10 is constructed using 3D printers 32 installed on the first abutment 2 and the second abutment 3, which reduces the transportation of precast blocks and allows for construction in an even shorter period of time.
[0039] [Third Embodiment] Next, the third embodiment will be described. The third embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, differing only in the stacking direction of the bridge cross-sectional materials and the rotation direction of the bridge unit. For this reason, only the differences from the first embodiment will be described below, and the explanation of matters that are the same as in the first embodiment will be omitted.
[0040] Figure 8 is a schematic side view illustrating the unit construction process of the third embodiment. Figure 9 is a schematic plan view illustrating the unit rotation process of the third embodiment. As shown in Figures 8 and 9, in the unit construction process of the third embodiment, a first bridge unit 50A is constructed on the first abutment 2 by stacking bridge cross-sectional members 51 in a direction different from the bridge axis direction D1 of the bridge 41. A second bridge unit 50B is constructed on the second abutment 3 by stacking bridge cross-sectional members 51 in a direction different from the bridge axis direction D1 of the bridge 41. The bridge cross-sectional members 51 are precast blocks that form the cross-section of the bridge 41 in a direction intersecting the bridge axis direction D1 of the bridge 41, similar to the bridge cross-sectional members 11 of the first embodiment. Since the first bridge unit 50A and the second bridge unit 50B have basically the same structure, they will be described together as bridge unit 50 unless otherwise specified.
[0041] In the unit construction process, bridge cross-sectional members 51 are stacked from the first rotating support member 53A installed on the first abutment 2 and the second rotating support member 53B installed on the second abutment 3. Since the first rotating support member 53A and the second rotating support member 53B have basically the same structure, they will be described together as the rotating support member 53 unless otherwise specified. The rotating support member 53 has a fixed part 53a that is fixed to the first abutment 2 or the second abutment 3, and a rotating support part 53b that is rotatably supported relative to the fixed part 53a. At the first abutment 2, the fixed part 53a is fixed to the first abutment 2 so that the rotating support part 53b can rotate toward the second abutment 3 about a vertical axis extending in the vertical direction. At the second abutment 3, the fixed part 53a is fixed to the second abutment 3 so that the rotating support part 13b can rotate toward the first abutment 2 about a vertical axis extending in the vertical direction.
[0042] Then, the bridge section material 51 is fixed to the rotation support portion 53b of the first rotation support member 53A, and the first bridge unit 50A is constructed by stacking the bridge section material 51 horizontally, using the bridge section material 51 fixed to the rotation support portion 53b as a base point. Similarly, the second bridge unit 50B is constructed by fixing the bridge section material 51 to the rotation support portion 53b of the second rotation support member 53B, and stacking the bridge section material 51 horizontally, using the bridge section material 51 fixed to the rotation support portion 13b as a base point. As a result, the first bridge unit 50A is supported by the first rotation support member 53A at its first base end portion 55A on the first rotation support member 53A side in the stacking direction D2 of the first bridge unit 50A, and is rotatable toward the second abutment 3 with the first rotation support member 53A as an axis. Furthermore, the second bridge unit 50B is supported by the second rotating support member 53B at the second base end 55B on the side of the second rotating support member 53B in the stacking direction D2 of the second bridge unit 50B, and is rotatable toward the first abutment 2 side with the second rotating support member 53B as an axis.
[0043] Then, the stacked bridge cross-sectional members 51 are integrated. The integration of the stacked bridge cross-sectional members 51 can be carried out, for example, in the same way as the integration of the stacked bridge cross-sectional members 51 in the first embodiment.
[0044] In the unit rotation process of the third embodiment, the bridge unit 50 is rotated to swivel and installed in the bridge axis direction D1. That is, the first bridge unit 50A is rotated toward the second abutment 3 side using the first rotational support member 53A as the axis, and the first rotational support member 53A is installed in the bridge axis direction D1. Also, the second bridge unit 50B is rotated toward the first abutment 2 side using the second rotational support member 53B as the axis, and the second bridge unit 50B is installed in the bridge axis direction D1. Then, the first tip 56A of the first bridge unit 50A in the stacking direction D2 and the second tip 56B of the second bridge unit 50B in the stacking direction D2 are joined. This constructs the bridge 41.
[0045] Thus, in the bridge construction method according to this embodiment, the bridge unit 50 is constructed by stacking the bridge cross-sectional materials 51 horizontally at the first abutment 2 and the second abutment 3. Therefore, the bridge cross-sectional materials 51 can be stacked at the first abutment 2 and the second abutment 3 even without tall equipment.
[0046] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and may be modified or applied to other things without changing the gist of each claim.
[0047] For example, in each of the embodiments described above, bridge units were constructed on both the first abutment 2 and the second abutment 3. However, it is also possible to construct a bridge unit on only one of the first abutment 2 or the second abutment 3, and then rotate the bridge unit to position it in the bridge axis direction D1 to construct the bridge.
[0048] Furthermore, the shape of the tip of the first bridge unit 10A in the stacking direction D2 and the tip of the second bridge unit 10B in the stacking direction D2 are not particularly limited, and may be, for example, the shapes shown in Figures 10(a) to (c).
[0049] The tip of the first bridge unit 10A in the stacking direction D2, as shown in Figure 10(a), is formed by a first vertical end surface 17A perpendicular to the bridge axis direction D1 when the first bridge unit 10A is installed in the bridge axis direction D1. Similarly, the tip of the second bridge unit 10B in the stacking direction D2, as shown in Figure 10(a), is formed by a second vertical end surface 17B perpendicular to the bridge axis direction D1, facing the first vertical end surface 17A when the second bridge unit 10B is installed in the bridge axis direction D1. Having such a first vertical end surface 17A and a second vertical end surface 17B allows the tips of the first bridge unit 10A and the second bridge unit 10B to abut against each other, making it easier to maintain the state in which the first bridge unit 10A and the second bridge unit 10B are installed in the bridge axis direction D1.
[0050] The tip of the first bridge unit 10A in the stacking direction D2, as shown in Figure 10(b), is formed by a first inclined end face portion 18A that is inclined with respect to the bridge axis direction D1 when the first bridge unit 10A is installed in the bridge axis direction D1, and a first vertical end face portion 19A that is located below the first inclined end face portion 18A and perpendicular to the bridge axis direction D1. Similarly, the tip of the second bridge unit 10B in the stacking direction D2, as shown in Figure 10(b), is formed by a second inclined end face portion 18B that is inclined with respect to the bridge axis direction D1 so as to face the first inclined end face portion 18A when the second bridge unit 10B is installed in the bridge axis direction D1, and a second vertical end face portion 19B that is located below the second inclined end face portion 18B and perpendicular to the bridge axis direction D1 so as to face the first vertical end face portion 19A. Having such a first inclined end face portion 18A and a second inclined end face portion 18B makes it possible to receive either the tip of the first bridge unit 10A or the tip of the second bridge unit 10B from the other, thus making it easier to position the first bridge unit 10A and the second bridge unit 10B in the bridge axis direction D1. Furthermore, having such a first vertical end face portion 19A and a second vertical end face portion 19B makes it possible to abut the tip of the first bridge unit 10A and the tip of the second bridge unit 10B, thus making it easier to maintain the state in which the first bridge unit 10A and the second bridge unit 10B are installed in the bridge axis direction D1.
[0051] The tip of the first bridge unit 10A in the stacking direction D2, as shown in Figure 10(c), is formed by a first vertical end face portion 20A perpendicular to the bridge axis direction D1 when the first bridge unit 10A is installed in the bridge axis direction D1, a first horizontal end face portion 21A located below the first vertical end face portion 20A and extending horizontally, and a first vertical end face portion 22A located below the first horizontal end face portion 21A and perpendicular to the bridge axis direction D1. Furthermore, the tip of the second bridge unit 10B in the stacking direction D2 shown in Figure 10(c) is formed by a second vertical end face portion 20B that is perpendicular to the bridge axis direction D1 so as to face the first vertical end face portion 20A when the second bridge unit 10B is installed in the bridge axis direction D1, a second horizontal end face portion 21B that is located below the second vertical end face portion 20B and extends horizontally so as to face the first horizontal end face portion 21A, and a second vertical end face portion 22B that is located below the second horizontal end face portion 21B and is perpendicular to the bridge axis direction D1 so as to face the first vertical end face portion 22A. Having such a first vertical end face portion 20A and second vertical end face portion 20B and a first vertical end face portion 22A and second vertical end face portion 22B allows the tip of the first bridge unit 10A and the tip of the second bridge unit 10B to abut, making it easier to maintain the state in which the first bridge unit 10A and the second bridge unit 10B are installed in the bridge axis direction D1. Furthermore, having such a first horizontal end face portion 21A and a second horizontal end face portion 21B makes it possible to receive either the tip of the first bridge unit 10A or the tip of the second bridge unit 10B from the other, thus making it easier to position the first bridge unit 10A and the second bridge unit 10B in the bridge axis direction D1. [Explanation of symbols]
[0052] 1...Bridge, 2...First abutment, 3...Second abutment, 10...Bridge unit, 10A...First bridge unit, 10B...Second bridge unit, 11...Bridge cross section, 12...Hollow section, 13...Rotating support member, 13A...First rotating support member, 13B...Second rotating support member, 13a...Fixed section, 13b...Rotating support section, 14...Tensioning member, 15A...First base end, 15B...Second base end, 16A...First tip end, 16B...Second tip end, 17A...First vertical end face, 17B...Second vertical end face, 18A...First inclined end face section, 18B...Second inclined end face section, 19A...First vertical end face section, 19B...Second vertical end face section, 20A...First 1 vertical end face, 20B... second vertical end face, 21A... first horizontal end face, 21B... second horizontal end face, 22A... first vertical end face, 22B... second vertical end face, 31... bridge cross section material, 32... 3D printer, 41... bridge, 50... bridge unit, 50A... first bridge unit, 50B... second bridge unit, 51... bridge cross section material, 53... rotating support member, 53A... first rotating support member, 53B... second rotating support member, 53a... fixed part, 53b... rotating support part, 55A... first base end, 55B... second base end, 56A... first tip end, 56B... second tip end, D1... bridge axis direction, D2... stacking direction.
Claims
1. A unit construction step involves constructing a bridge unit by stacking bridge cross-sectional materials that form the cross-section of the bridge in a direction intersecting the bridge axis direction of the bridge, in a direction different from the bridge axis direction, The system includes a unit rotation step of rotating the bridge unit to install it in the bridge axis direction, In the unit construction process, the bridge units are constructed on the first and second abutments, which are spaced apart from each other. If the bridge unit constructed on the first abutment is designated as the first bridge unit, and the bridge unit constructed on the second abutment is designated as the second bridge unit, In the unit rotation process, the winch is used to tension the first bridge unit toward the opposite side of the second abutment, and while tensioning the second bridge unit toward the opposite side of the first abutment, the winch is used to pull the first tip of the first bridge unit in the stacking direction and the second tip of the second bridge unit in the stacking direction toward each other. Bridge construction methods.
2. A unit construction step involves constructing a bridge unit by stacking bridge cross-sectional materials that form the cross-section of the bridge in a direction intersecting the bridge axis direction of the bridge, in a direction different from the bridge axis direction, The system includes a unit rotation step of rotating the bridge unit to install it in the bridge axis direction, In the unit construction process, the bridge cross-sectional materials are stacked horizontally. Bridge construction methods.
3. In the unit construction process, the bridge cross-sectional materials are stacked starting from the rotatable support member that rotatably supports the bridge unit. In the unit rotation process, the bridge unit is rotated around the rotational support member as an axis. The method for constructing a bridge according to claim 1 or 2.
4. In the unit construction process, the bridge cross-sectional materials are stacked vertically upwards. The method for constructing a bridge according to claim 1.
5. The bridge cross section material is a precast block, In the unit construction process, the stacked bridge cross-sectional materials are integrated. The method for constructing a bridge according to claim 1 or 2.
6. In the unit construction process, the stacked bridge cross-sectional materials are integrated by tensioning them with tensioning members passed through the hollow portions formed in the bridge cross-sectional materials. The method for constructing a bridge according to claim 5.
7. In the unit construction process, the bridge units are constructed on the first and second abutments, which are spaced apart from each other. If the bridge unit constructed on the first abutment is designated as the first bridge unit, and the bridge unit constructed on the second abutment is designated as the second bridge unit, In the unit rotation step, the first bridge unit and the second bridge unit are rotated in directions opposite to each other and installed in the bridge axis direction, and the tip of the first bridge unit and the tip of the second bridge unit are joined together. The method for constructing a bridge according to claim 1 or 2.
8. In the unit construction step, the first bridge unit and the second bridge unit are constructed such that when the first bridge unit and the second bridge unit are rotated in the unit rotation step, the tip of the first bridge unit and the tip of the second bridge unit come into contact with each other. The method for constructing a bridge according to claim 7.