Support construction

Abstract

To provide a support structure which can stably support an upper structure while suppressing damage caused by relative displacement generated in a lower structure and the upper structure by a shake, or the like.SOLUTION: A support structure 10 includes a unit 20 arranged above a foundation part B1 and below an upper structure. The unit 20 includes an upper member 21, a lower member 22, and a tensile member 30. The upper member 21 includes an upper joint part 21a rigidly joined to the upper structure, and a first connection part 21b extending to the side part from the upper joint part 21a. The lower member 22 includes a lower joint part 22a rigidly joined to the foundation part B1, and a second connection part 22b which extends to the side part from the lower joint part 22a and is arranged above the first connection part 21b. The tensile member 30 has an assembly which is connected to the first connection part 21b and the second connection part 22b and is made of a plurality of rod-like members 35.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a support structure that is disposed between a lower structure and an upper structure and supports the upper structure.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, structures such as buildings are supported on a base portion disposed below through compression members such as direct foundations and pile foundations. In this case, if a large relative displacement occurs between the structure and the base portion due to an earthquake or the like, significant damage may occur to the structure and the base portion. Therefore, a seismic isolation device may be used (for example, see Patent Document 1). The seismic isolation device described in this document is formed such that an upper support body and a lower support body are swingable via a hanging portion with upper and lower locking portions as fulcrums, and the upper and lower locking portions each have a spherical seat formed such that contact portions with a horizontal portion or a lower frame are spherical.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, when swingably supporting using a spherical seat, the surfaces of the concave portion of the spherical seat and the convex portion contacting the same come into contact with each other for a long time. In this case, since there is a concern that the concave portion and the convex portion may adhere to each other, maintenance such as constantly applying a lubricant such as grease to the contact surface is required.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] A support structure that solves the above problems is a support structure disposed between a substructure and a superstructure to support the superstructure, comprising: an upper member having an upper joint rigidly connected to the superstructure and a first connecting portion extending laterally from the upper joint; a lower member having a lower joint rigidly connected to the substructure and a second connecting portion extending laterally from the lower joint and positioned above the first connecting portion; and a tension member having an assembly of a plurality of rod-shaped members connected to the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion. The structure comprises an enclosing member containing a viscous material through which the plurality of rod-shaped members pass, with a gap between adjacent rod-shaped members, and further comprising damping members provided on the rod-shaped members, the rod-shaped members having resistance members provided within the enclosing member, the damping members being fixed to the central rod-shaped member among the plurality of rod-shaped members by a fixing part, and the resistance members receiving pressure from the viscous material due to the displacement occurring between the lower structure and the upper structure, thereby generating a damping force that dampens the vibration of the upper structure. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] According to the present invention, the allowable amount of deformation caused by relative displacement between the superstructure and the substructure due to shaking, etc., can be increased, thereby suppressing damage and stably supporting the superstructure. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0007] [Figure 1] Front view of the support structure of the embodiment. [Figure 2] A perspective view of the support structure of the embodiment. [Figure 3] A plan view of the unit used in the support structure of the embodiment. [Figure 4] A side view of the main part of the unit used in the support structure of the embodiment. [Figure 5] A side view of the main part of the support structure unit of the embodiment in a oscillating state. [Figure 6] This is an enlarged view of the main part of the support structure unit in the first modified example, where (a) shows the state before relative displacement occurs and (b) shows the state after relative displacement occurs. [Figure 7] Side view of the main part of the support structure unit in the second modified example. [Figure 8] Enlarged view of the damping member used in the support structure unit in the second modified example. [Figure 9] Enlarged view of the damping member in the swinging state in the support structure of the second modified example. [Figure 10] Plan view of the support structure in the third modification example. [Figure 11] Side view of the main part of the support structure in the third modified example. [Figure 12] Side view of the support structure in the fourth modification example. [Figure 13] Side view of the support structure in the fifth modification example. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0008] An embodiment of the support structure will be described below using Figures 1 to 5. The support structure of this embodiment is used as a support structure for supporting a superstructure. This support structure is positioned between the superstructure and the substructure and is fixed to both the superstructure and the substructure. Examples of the superstructure include buildings such as skyscrapers and footings. Examples of the substructure include foundation beams, foundation slabs, and footings, but here they will be described as the foundation.

[0009] Figure 1 is a view of the support structure 10 from a horizontal oblique angle relative to its front, and Figure 2 is a perspective view of the support structure 10. Figure 3 is a top view of the support structure 10 as seen from the side of the superstructure S1 (from above), excluding the superstructure S1. Figure 4 is a side view of the main part of the support structure 10, and Figure 5 is a side view of the main part of the support structure 10 when relative displacement occurs in the superstructure S1.

[0010] As shown in Figure 1, the support structure 10 comprises a plurality of units 20. In this case, for example, the plurality of units 20 are arranged in a grid pattern or diagonally in a planar configuration. The unit 20 is disposed between the upper structure S1 and the base portion B1. The unit 20 includes an upper member 21 rigidly joined to the upper structure S1, a lower member 22 rigidly joined to the base portion B1, and a tension member 30. The tension member 30 is rotatably connected to the upper member 21 and the lower member 22.

[0011] The upper member 21 includes two upper joint portions 21a and a first connecting portion 21b. The two upper joint portions 21a are arranged in the same vertical plane (at rest) such that they approach each other at the lower end side and separate from each other at the upper end side. Each upper joint portion 21a is formed of, for example, a cylindrical member. The upper surface of each upper joint portion 21a is rigidly joined to the lower surface of the upper structure S1, and the lower surface of each upper joint portion 21a is rigidly joined to the upper surface of the first connecting portion 21b. The first connecting portion 21b has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a substantially square plane. Further, on the upper surface of the first connecting portion 21b, the upper joint portion 21a is fixed such that the first connecting portion 21b extends laterally from the upper joint portion 21a.

[0012] The lower member 22 includes two lower joint portions 22a and a second connecting portion 22b. The two lower joint portions 22a are arranged in the same vertical plane (at rest) such that they approach each other at the upper end side and separate from each other at the lower end side. Each lower joint portion 22a is formed of, for example, a cylindrical member. The lower surface and the upper surface of each lower joint portion 22a are respectively rigidly joined to the upper surface of the base portion B1 and the lower surface of the second connecting portion 22b. In the present embodiment, for example, the interval between the lower joint portions 22a at the location rigidly joined to the base portion B1 is the same as the interval between the upper joint portions 21a rigidly joined to the upper structure S1. Also, the upper joint portion 21a and the adjacent lower joint portions 22a are arranged at the same interval. The second connecting portion 22b has the same shape as the first connecting portion 21b and is disposed above the first connecting portion 21b. On the lower surface of the second connecting portion 22b, the lower joint portion 22a is fixed such that the second connecting portion 22b extends laterally from the lower joint portion 22a.

[0013] (Tension member 30) Next, the configuration of the tension member 30 will be described in detail using FIGS. 3 and 4. The tension member 30 of this embodiment includes two fixing members 31, a retaining member 32, a plurality of rod-shaped members 35, and an adjustment nut 36. The plurality of rod-shaped members 35 are connected to the upper member 21 and the lower member 22 by pin joints. Specifically, the fixing member 31 is fitted into through holes provided in the first connecting portion 21b and the second connecting portion 22b. A plurality of rod-shaped members 35 penetrate each fixing member 31. In this embodiment, a total of 25 rod-shaped members 35 arranged in a 5×5 array in the horizontal direction are arranged. These 25 rod-shaped members 35 are arranged in the arrangement area A1. This arrangement area A1 is an area where the rod-shaped members 35 are arranged with a gap therebetween around the central axis of a member having a cross-sectional area (the total cross-sectional area of the 25 rod-shaped members 35) for supporting the upper structure S1 when a single member is arranged. The plurality of rod-shaped members 35 of this embodiment support the upper structure S1 as an aggregate densely arranged with equal intervals in this arrangement area A1.

[0014] On the outer periphery of the fixing member 31, the retaining member 32 is fitted outside the opposing surfaces of the first connecting portion 21b and the second connecting portion 22b. The retaining member 32 has a rectangular frame shape with a size that surrounds the edges of the through holes of the first connecting portion 21b and the second connecting portion 22b. Further, in the fixing member 31, adjustment nuts 36 are fixed at positions corresponding to each of the rod-shaped members 35 passing therethrough.

[0015] Thread grooves are formed on the outer peripheries of both ends of the rod-shaped member 35. And, at each end of the rod-shaped member 35, a pair of corresponding adjustment nuts 36 are screwed respectively. By loosening or tightening each adjustment nut 36, the suspension length of the rod-shaped member 35 is adjusted. Here, the suspension length of the rod-shaped member 35 is the length from the upper surface of the first connecting portion 21b to the lower surface of the second connecting portion 22b.

[0016] (Method for assembling the support structure) When assembling the support structure 10 described above, for example, first, the upper member 21 is assembled by fixing the upper joint portion 21a to the first connecting portion 21b. Then, the assembled plurality of upper members 21 are fixed to the upper structure S1.

[0017] Next, the second connecting portion 22b is positioned above the first connecting portion 21b of the upper member 21. Then, the lower connecting portion 22a is fixed to this second connecting portion 22b to assemble the lower member 22.

[0018] On the other hand, multiple rod-shaped members 35 are fixed to the first connecting portion 21b and the second connecting portion 22b by passing both ends of them through the fixing member 31 and using retaining members 32. Next, the lower joint portion 22a of the lower member 22 is fixed to the foundation portion B1. Then, by lifting the superstructure S1, the length of each rod-shaped member 35 is adjusted using the adjustment nut 36 to correspond to the distance between the first connecting portion 21b and the second connecting portion 22b. Furthermore, the method of assembling the support structure 10 is not limited to the method described above.

[0019] (Movement of the support structure) Next, the operation of the support structure 10 described above will be explained using Figure 5. As shown in Figure 5, when a force is applied to the superstructure S1, the upper member 21 of the unit 20 moves in accordance with the movement of the superstructure S1. In Figure 5, the superstructure S1 is shown having moved a distance D1 relative to the foundation B1. Then, in response to this movement of the upper member 21, the rod-shaped member 35 connected to the upper member 21 is displaced and swings relative to the second connecting portion 22b of the lower member 22.

[0020] (Bending stiffness and allowable displacement when composed of one member or n members) Next, the bending stiffness and allowable displacement when the tensile member 30 is composed of one member or n members will be explained. The allowable displacement is the displacement at which the allowable stress σa is reached. Here, the cross-sectional area of ​​one member is assumed to be the same as the total cross-sectional area of ​​the n members. Then, W is the assumed load on the support structure 10, E is Young's modulus, and l is the suspension length.

[0021] [Table 1] As shown in Table 1, the displacement at which the allowable stress σa is reached (allowable displacement) is "the square root of n" times larger when the system is composed of n members compared to when it is composed of one member.

[0022] Furthermore, the results of the calculations for the tensile member 30 using specific numerical values ​​will be explained using Table 2. Here, the following values ​​are the same whether the tension member 30 is composed of one or 25 rod-shaped members 35. The support weight W is 1000 kN, and the target natural period T is 5 seconds. Furthermore, the suspension length L is 6210 mm, and the Young's modulus E is 200 kN / mm². 2 The yield stress σy is 1080 N / mm². 2 The allowable stress σa is 720 N / mm². 2 The safety factor γ is 1.5, and the required cross-sectional area A is 1389 mm². 2 That is the case. The differences in values ​​between the case where the tension member 30 is composed of one piece and the case where it is composed of 25 rod-shaped members 35 are shown in Table 2.

[0023] [Table 2] As shown in Table 2, when the tensile member 30 is constructed with 25 rod-shaped members 35, the allowable displacement is 2751 mm. This is approximately five times the allowable displacement of 550 mm when constructed with a single rod. The required diameter of a single steel rod is 42.1 mm. Furthermore, the required diameter of each steel rod constituting the 25 rod-shaped members 35 is 8.4 mm. Therefore, PC steel rods with a minimum diameter of 9.2 mm according to JIS standards can be used as the rod-shaped members 35.

[0024] (action) The unit 20 constituting the support structure 10 comprises an upper member 21, a lower member 22, and a tension member 30. The upper member 21 is rigidly connected to the superstructure S1, and the lower member 22 is rigidly connected to the foundation B1. The tension member 30 connects the first connecting portion 21b of the upper member 21 and the second connecting portion 22b of the lower member 22, and is composed of a bundle of multiple rod-shaped members 35. Therefore, the allowable displacement can be increased.

[0025] According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) In this embodiment, the support structure 10 has a tension member 30 that connects the first connecting portion 21b of the upper member 21 and the second connecting portion 22b of the lower member 22, which is composed of a collection of multiple rod-shaped members 35. This allows for a larger allowable displacement, so that even when the displacement of the superstructure S1 relative to the foundation B1 is large, damage to the support structure 10 can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the superstructure S1 is supported by the total cross-sectional area obtained by summing the cross-sectional areas of the rod-shaped members 35 by the number of members, the diameter of the rod-shaped members 35 used can be changed by changing the number of members. Therefore, even if the cross-sectional area required to support the superstructure S1 is large, the support structure 10 can be constructed using rod-shaped members 35 of a general diameter.

[0026] (2) Each rod-shaped member 35 in this embodiment is attached so as to be length-adjustable by an adjustment nut 36. This allows the length of the rod-shaped members 35 to be adjusted according to the arrangement of the upper member 21 and the lower member 22. By changing the length of the rod-shaped members 35, a support structure corresponding to the natural period of the superstructure S1 and the foundation B1 can be realized, thereby efficiently achieving a seismic isolation effect.

[0027] This embodiment can be implemented with the following modifications. This embodiment and the following modifications can be combined with each other to the extent that they do not contradict each other technically. The tension member 30 in the above embodiment is composed of 25 rod-shaped members 35. Here, when the tension member of the support structure swings, sliding parts may be provided that slide between adjacent rod-shaped members. In this case, a damping force due to friction acts as the rod-shaped members slide.

[0028] For example, as shown in Figure 6, a sliding portion 37 is provided in the region between the fixing members 31 of the tension member 30. This sliding portion 37 is composed of a bundle of contact members 38 fixed to a rod-shaped member 35.

[0029] As shown in Figure 6(a), before relative displacement occurs, the contact members 38 are positioned in contact with each other without any gaps. Then, as shown in Figure 6(b), when relative displacement occurs, the displacement of the contact members 38 is suppressed by friction.

[0030] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 7, damping members 40 may be provided on multiple rod-shaped members 45. This damping member 40 comprises a case 41 through which the multiple rod-shaped members 45 pass. As shown in Figure 8, a viscous material 42 such as grease or oil is sealed inside the case 41, which serves as the sealing member. Furthermore, sealing materials 43 are provided on the top and bottom of the case 41 to prevent the viscous material 42 from leaking out when the rod-shaped member 45 slides. The damping member 40 is fixed to the central rod-shaped member 45 by a fixing part 44. Furthermore, each rod-shaped member 45 is provided with multiple blades 46 within the case 41 to act as resistance members.

[0031] Then, as shown in Figure 9, if relative displacement occurs in the superstructure S1, the rod-shaped members 45 other than the central rod-shaped member 45 fixed by the fixing part 44 will shift within the case 41. In this case, the displacement of the blades 46 of the rod-shaped members 45 is suppressed by the viscous resistance of the viscous material 42 inside the case 41.

[0032] The unit 20 in the above embodiment comprises one upper member 21, one lower member 22, and one tension member 30. The configuration of the unit 20 is not limited to this, and it may also be applied to a structure in which one upper member and lower member are provided, each consisting of multiple tension members connected together.

[0033] Figure 10 is a plan view of the support structure 60, and Figure 11 is a side view of Figure 10 as seen from the direction of the cross section along the line "11"-"11". As shown in Figure 10, the superstructure S2 is a plate member with a substantially circular hole S2h formed in its center. Furthermore, the base B2 is a cylindrical member positioned on the central axis A2 of the hole S2h. The support structure 60 is positioned between the superstructure S2 and the base B2.

[0034] As shown in Figure 11, the support structure 60 comprises one upper member 61, one lower member 62, and a plurality of tension members 64. The upper member 61 comprises an upper joint portion 61a and a first connecting portion 61b. The upper joint portion 61a protrudes downward so as to surround the outer edge of the hole S2h of the superstructure S2. The first connecting portion 61b extends from the upper joint portion 61a in the radially inward direction (laterally) of the hole S2h. Furthermore, a hole 61bh is formed in the center of the first connecting portion 61b.

[0035] The lower member 62 has a stepped cylindrical shape and includes a small-diameter lower joint portion 62a integrated with the base portion B2, and a second connecting portion 62b extending radially outward (laterally) from the lower joint portion 62a.

[0036] As shown in Figure 10, the three tension members 64 are arranged, for example, at 120-degree intervals. Each of the three tension members 64 is composed of multiple rod-shaped members 65 arranged in a fan-shaped plane. Each rod-shaped member 65 is pin-jointed to the upper surface of the first connecting portion 61b of the upper member 61 and to the lower surface of the second connecting portion 62b of the lower member 62.

[0037] In the above embodiment, the upper member 21 comprises two upper joints 21a rigidly connected to the superstructure S1, and the lower member 22 comprises two lower joints 22a rigidly connected to the foundation B1. The number of upper and lower joints is not limited to two. For example, a support structure may have one upper joint and one lower joint.

[0038] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 12, the support structure may also consist of a unit 70 having three upper joints 71a and three lower joints 72a. Moreover, as shown in Figure 13, the support structure may also consist of a unit 80 having four upper joints 81a and four lower joints 82a. In these cases, the upper joints 71a, 81a of the upper members 71, 81 and the lower joints 72a, 82a of the lower members 72, 82 are arranged at the same intervals, and the upper joints 71a, 81a and lower joints 72a, 82a are arranged alternately. The upper joints 71a, 81a are rigidly joined to the upper surfaces of the first connecting parts 71b, 81b, and the lower joints 72a, 82a are rigidly joined to the lower surfaces of the second connecting parts 72b, 82b. The units 70, 80 each include a tension member comprising a plurality of rod-shaped members 75, 85. Multiple rod-shaped members 75, 85 are pin-jointed to the upper surface of the center of the first connecting portion 71b, 81b (the position enclosed by the upper connecting portion 71a, 81a) and to the lower surface of the center of the second connecting portion 72b, 82b (the position enclosed by the lower connecting portion 72a, 82a).

[0039] Furthermore, the number of upper joints on the upper member and the number of lower joints on the lower member do not need to be the same. In this case, the multiple upper joints on the upper member and the lower joints on the lower member are arranged so as not to interfere with each other. Specifically, the multiple upper joints on the upper member may be arranged at equal intervals, and the lower joints on the lower member may be arranged at equal intervals, and the number of upper joints or lower joints may be double the number of the other. For example, the unit may consist of an upper member with two upper joints and a lower member with four lower joints.

[0040] In the above embodiment, rod-shaped members 35 were used as the multiple constituent members of the tension member 30. The shape of the rod-shaped members in the assembly constituting the tension member 30 is not limited, and for example, they may be flexible and linear. However, it is necessary that the members can support the superstructure S1 as an assembly without buckling when relative displacement occurs. Furthermore, the number and arrangement of the rod-shaped members are not limited to the number and arrangement described above, and it is sufficient if the number and arrangement are such that the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the multiple constituent members constituting the tension member is equal to or greater than the cross-sectional area necessary to support the superstructure. Furthermore, a fixing member 31 for fixing multiple rod-shaped members 35 is formed in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and a retaining member 32 is formed in the shape of a square frame. The shape of the fixing member does not need to be such that it fits into the shape of the holes formed in the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion. For example, cylindrical holes may be formed in the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion, and the fixing member may be configured in a cylindrical shape to fit into these holes. Furthermore, the retaining member 32 does not need to be such that it fits into the fixing member and prevents the fixing member from coming out of the holes in the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion.

[0041] Next, the technical concepts that can be understood from the above embodiments and alternative examples are described below. (a) A support structure positioned between a substructure and a superstructure, which supports the superstructure, An upper member comprising an upper joint rigidly connected to the superstructure and a first connecting portion extending laterally from the upper joint, A lower member comprising a lower joint rigidly connected to the lower structure, and a second connecting portion extending laterally from the lower joint and positioned above the first connecting portion, The device comprises a tension member having an assembly of multiple rod-shaped members connected to the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion, The aforementioned rod-shaped members are arranged with a gap between them and adjacent rod-shaped members. The sliding portion further comprises a bundle of contact members arranged between the adjacent rod-shaped members and provided in a predetermined area between the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion, A support structure characterized in that, in the sliding portion, friction occurs between the rod-shaped members in contact with each other due to the displacement occurring between the lower structure and the upper structure, thereby generating a damping force that reduces the vibration of the upper structure. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0042] A1...Arrangement area, A2...Central axis, B1, B2...Foundation, D1...Distance, S1, S2...Superstructure, S2h,61bh...Hole, 10,60...Support structure, 20,70,80...Unit, 21,61,7 1,81... Upper member, 21a, 61a, 71a, 81a... Upper joint part, 21b, 61b, 71b, 81b... First connecting part, 21h, 22h... Through hole, 22, 62, 72, 82... Lower member, 22a, 62a, 72a, 82a... Lower joint, 22b, 62b, 72b, 82b... Second connecting part, 30, 64... Tension member, 31... Fixing member, 32... Retaining member, 35, 45, 65, 75, 85... Rod-shaped member, 36... Adjustment nut, 37... Sliding part, 38... Contact member, 40... Damping member, 41... Case as encapsulating member, 42... Viscous material, 43... Seal member, 44... Fixing part, 46... Blade as resistance member.

Claims

[Claim 1] A support structure positioned between a substructure and a superstructure, which supports the superstructure, An upper member comprising an upper joint rigidly connected to the superstructure and a first connecting portion extending laterally from the upper joint, A lower member comprising a lower joint rigidly connected to the lower structure, and a second connecting portion extending laterally from the lower joint and positioned above the first connecting portion, The device comprises a tension member having an assembly of multiple rod-shaped members connected to the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion, The device comprises an enclosing member containing a viscous material through which the plurality of rod-shaped members pass, with a gap between them, and further comprising damping members provided on the rod-shaped members, The rod-shaped member is provided with a resistance member within the encapsulation member. The damping member is fixed by a fixing portion to the central rod-shaped member among the plurality of rod-shaped members, A support structure characterized in that the resistance member receives pressure from the viscous material due to the displacement occurring between the lower structure and the upper structure, thereby generating a damping force that dampens the vibration of the upper structure.

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