Wind turbine setpoint reduction

Abstract

To provide methods for determining a maximum power setpoint for a wind turbine.SOLUTION: Methods for determining a maximum power setpoint for a wind turbine comprising: determining temperatures of one or more wind turbine components; and determining one or more component temperature errors by determining a difference between the temperatures of the wind turbine components and a corresponding threshold temperature for the components. The methods further comprise: determining a present power output of the wind turbine; and determining the maximum power setpoint at least partially based at least on the component temperature errors and on a present power output of the wind turbine. The present disclosure further relates to methods for determining a setpoint reduction, and to wind turbine control systems and wind turbines configured for such methods.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wind turbine, and more particularly to a setpoint reduction and method for determining a maximum power output setpoint based on the temperature of a wind turbine component.

Background Art

[0002] Generally, modern wind turbines are used to supply electricity to the power grid. This type of wind turbine generally includes a tower and a rotor disposed on the tower. The rotor, typically including a hub and a plurality of blades, is adapted to rotate under the influence of wind on the blades. The rotation typically generates torque that is transmitted directly or via a gearbox through a rotor shaft to a generator. In this way, the generator produces electricity that can be supplied to the power grid.

[0003] The wind turbine hub may be rotatably coupled to the front of the nacelle. The wind turbine hub may be connected to a rotor shaft, which may then be rotatably mounted within the nacelle using one or more rotor shaft bearings disposed in a frame inside the nacelle. The nacelle is, for example, a housing disposed on top of a wind turbine tower that houses and protects additional components such as a gearbox (if present) and a generator, as well as a power converter and an auxiliary system, depending on the wind turbine.

[0004] In variable-speed wind turbines, the wind turbine controller can change the control settings of the wind turbine to adapt to various wind conditions. In particular, the blade pitch angle and generator torque can be changed to suit the wind conditions. Below the nominal or "rated" wind speed, the control objective is generally to maximize the power output of the wind turbine, i.e., to change the pitch and generator torque so that the maximum power output can be delivered to the power grid. Above the nominal wind speed (and depending on the surrounding conditions at the nominal wind speed), the control objective may be to keep the load under control, i.e., to change the pitch and generator torque to reduce the load on the wind turbine to an acceptable level, while maintaining the output at the highest possible level (taking load constraints into account).

[0005] Wind turbines can be used in a wide variety of environments, including onshore, offshore, and in both warm and cold climates. As ambient temperatures rise, the temperatures of wind turbine components can also rise. If ambient temperatures are very high or remain high for extended periods, the temperature of wind turbine components may become excessively high, and the operation of the wind turbine may need to be adapted to keep the temperature of the wind turbine components at an acceptable level.

[0006] Two different approaches are known to address this situation. In one known solution, different maximum power setpoints (i.e., power limits) are defined for different ambient temperatures. Such maximum power setpoints as a function of ambient temperature can be fixed by agreement between the wind turbine manufacturer and the operator.

[0007] During operation, ambient temperature can be monitored, and a predetermined maximum power setpoint is used depending on the ambient temperature. In particular, this method may result in the rated power not being delivered to the power grid when the nominal wind speed is exceeded, and instead a reduced amount of power being delivered. Wind turbine operation can be normal at lower wind speeds, and even if the maximum power setpoint is determined based on ambient temperature, the prevailing wind conditions may be such that this maximum power cannot be reached even under optimal operation. One drawback of this method is that the maximum power setpoint is generally set very conservatively, which affects the power output.

[0008] In another known solution, the temperature of the wind turbine components is measured during operation, and corresponding thresholds for the wind turbine components are predefined. If the temperature of the wind turbine components remains below the corresponding threshold, the maximum power setpoint is unaffected; i.e., the nominal rated power can be delivered to the grid under favorable wind conditions. When the temperature of one of the wind turbine components reaches the corresponding threshold, the power is (generally) significantly reduced to cool the wind turbine component. One drawback of this method is that when the power is reduced, it generally needs to be reduced quickly to ensure the safe operation of the components. Thus, power fluctuations can be large. [Overview of the Initiative]

[0009] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for determining a maximum power setpoint for a wind turbine. The method includes the steps of determining the temperature of a first wind turbine component and determining a first component temperature error by determining the difference between the temperature of the first wind turbine component and a corresponding threshold temperature of the first wind turbine component. The method further includes the steps of determining the current power output of the wind turbine and determining a maximum power setpoint based at least in part on the first component temperature error and the current power output of the wind turbine.

[0010] In this embodiment of the method, the maximum power setpoint is determined based on the actual temperature of the wind turbine components rather than the ambient temperature. Simultaneously, the setpoint reduction can be smoothed by reacting before the actual temperature limit of the components is reached. By monitoring the temperature error (i.e., the difference between the temperature target or temperature limit and the actual temperature), the control reacts before such a limit is reached. The current power can function as a predictor of future temperature developments.

[0011] In a further embodiment, a wind turbine control system is provided configured to determine a first temperature of a wind turbine component and to determine the current output of the wind turbine. The control system is further configured to determine a component temperature error by determining the difference between the first temperature of the wind turbine component and the corresponding threshold temperature of the first wind turbine component, and to determine a maximum output setpoint based at least in part on the first component temperature error and the current output. The control system is further configured to control the wind turbine based on the maximum output setpoint.

[0012] In yet another embodiment, a method is provided for determining a maximum output setpoint of a wind turbine, the method comprising the steps of measuring a first temperature of a first electrical component of the wind turbine, and determining a first temperature error value by comparing the first temperature with a first temperature threshold established for the first electrical component. The method further comprises the steps of determining the current output of the wind turbine, and controlling a first output setpoint of the wind turbine, including feedback control based on the first temperature error value and feedforward control based on the current output of the wind turbine.

[0013] Throughout this disclosure, nominal power or “rated power” should be understood as the maximum power output under standard operation of the wind turbine, that is, this nominal power or rated power may be delivered to the power grid at wind speeds exceeding the nominal wind speed.

[0014] Throughout this disclosure, the maximum power setpoint should be understood as the maximum power output of a wind turbine independent of prevailing wind conditions, i.e., even when the wind speed is high enough to deliver more power to the grid, and in particular the nominal rated power to the grid, the operation of the wind turbine is limited to produce less power than possible.

[0015] "Setpoint reduction" should be understood as wind turbine operation limited to power generation and transmission to the grid below nominal or rated output. This operational limitation is due to circumstances other than prevailing wind conditions. Furthermore, within this disclosure, this operational limitation is due to temperature or thermal limitations, including predetermined ambient and component temperatures, as well as thermal limitations relating to either ambient or component temperatures. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0016] [Figure 1] This diagram schematically shows a perspective view of an example of a wind turbine. [Figure 2] Figure 1 is a simplified internal view of an example of a wind turbine nacelle. [Figure 3] This figure schematically shows an example of a maximum output setpoint curve based on ambient temperature. [Figure 4] This figure shows an example of a method for determining the maximum output setpoint. [Figure 5] This figure shows an example of a method for determining the maximum output setpoint. [Figure 6] This diagram schematically illustrates a further example of a method for determining the maximum output setpoint. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0017] The embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, with one or more examples shown in the drawings. Each example is presented to illustrate the invention and is not intended to limit it. Indeed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. For example, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment can also be used in conjunction with another embodiment to bring about further embodiments. Thus, the present invention is intended to encompass such modifications and changes that fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0018] Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an example of a wind turbine 160. As shown, the wind turbine 160 includes a tower 170 extending from a support surface 150, a nacelle 161 mounted on the tower 170, and a rotor 115 coupled to the nacelle 161. The rotor 115 includes a rotatable hub 110 and at least one rotor blade 120 coupled to the hub 110 and extending outward from the hub 110. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the rotor 115 includes three rotor blades 120. However, in alternative embodiments, the rotor 115 may include more or fewer rotor blades 120 than three. Each rotor blade 120 may be spaced around the hub 110 to facilitate the rotation of the rotor 115 and to allow kinetic energy from the wind to be converted into usable mechanical energy, and subsequently electrical energy. For example, the hub 110 may be rotatably coupled to a generator 162 (Figure 2) positioned within the nacelle 161 to enable the production of electrical energy.

[0019] Figure 2 shows a simplified internal view of an example of the nacelle 161 of the wind turbine 160 of Figure 1. As shown, the generator 162 may be located within the nacelle 161. Generally, the generator 162 may be coupled to the rotor 115 of the wind turbine 160 to generate electricity from the rotational energy generated by the rotor 115. For example, the rotor 115 may include a main rotor shaft 163 coupled to the hub 110 for rotation together with the hub 110. The generator 162 may then be coupled to the rotor shaft 163 so that the rotation of the rotor shaft 163 drives the generator 162. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the generator 162 includes a generator shaft 166 rotatably coupled to the rotor shaft 163 through a gearbox 164.

[0020] It should be understood that the rotor shaft 163, gearbox 164, and generator 162 can generally be supported within the nacelle 161 by a support frame or bed plate 165 positioned at the top of the wind turbine tower 170.

[0021] The nacelle 161 may be rotatably coupled to the tower 170 through a yaw system 20 so that the nacelle 161 can rotate about the yaw axis YA, or so that other methods may exist for positioning the rotor at a desired angle to the wind. If a yaw system 20 is present, such a system typically comprises a yaw bearing having two bearing components configured to rotate relative to the other. The tower 170 is coupled to one of the bearing components, and the bed plate or support frame 165 of the nacelle 161 is coupled to the other bearing component. The yaw system 20 comprises an annular gear 21, a plurality of yaw drive units 22 having motors 23, a gearbox 24, and pinions 25 for meshing with the annular gear 21 to rotate one of the bearing components relative to the other.

[0022] As described above, the blade 120 is coupled to the hub 110 by a pitch bearing 100 between the blade 120 and the hub 110. The pitch bearing 100 includes an inner ring 103 and an outer ring 104. The wind turbine blade can be attached to either the bearing inner ring or the bearing outer ring, while the hub is connected to the other. When the pitch system 107 is actuated, the blade 120 can perform a relative rotational movement with respect to the hub 110. Thus, in FIG. 2, the inner bearing ring can perform a rotational movement with respect to the outer bearing ring. The pitch system 107 in FIG. 2 includes a pinion 108 that meshes with an annular gear 109 provided on the inner bearing ring to rotate the wind turbine blade around the pitch axis PA.

[0023] FIG. 3 schematically shows an example of a maximum output set point curve based on ambient temperature. The maximum output is defined for various ambient temperatures. Such a contract can be included in a contract between a wind turbine manufacturer and a wind turbine operator or client.

[0024] At relatively low ambient temperatures, the maximum output may be the nominal output of the wind turbine. At lower ambient temperatures, there is no risk that the component temperature reaches the operating limit, and thus no output reduction is necessary.

[0025] At higher ambient temperatures, especially when the wind turbine has been operating at its maximum capacity for some time, the component temperature may reach the operating limit. To protect the wind turbine components and ensure safe operation, the output of the wind turbine may be limited and the maximum output set point may be reduced.

[0026] However, there is no direct or linear relationship between the ambient temperature and the component temperature. In particular, the component temperature may lag behind the ambient temperature. Furthermore, the component temperature depends not only on the ambient temperature but also on the thermal history and inertia of the components, and the thermal history and inertia also depend on the power production in the recent operation of the wind turbine.

[0027] The disclosure relates, in particular, to a method for determining a maximum power setpoint for a wind turbine, comprising the step of determining the temperature of one or more wind turbine components. The method further comprises the steps of determining a temperature error of one or more components by determining the difference between the temperature of the wind turbine component and the corresponding threshold temperature of the component, and determining a maximum power setpoint based at least in part on the component temperature error.

[0028] In particular, one or more wind turbine components may include one or more electric wind turbine components, or components or parts of electric wind turbine components. The electric components of a wind turbine are more prone to overheating than other components, and their temperature depends at least partially on the power output of the turbine. Their temperature can be controlled at least partially by controlling the wind turbine output, in particular by ensuring that the maximum output is not high (not too high).

[0029] Figures 4 and 5 schematically illustrate an example of a method for determining the maximum output setpoint. Figure 5 schematically illustrates how the temperature error can be determined for a transformer, particularly a main transformer. The temperature of the transformer may be measured and compared to a temperature target. The temperature target may be a temperature threshold. The threshold may correspond to a component, in this case the operating limit of the transformer. In other examples, the temperature threshold may be set lower than the operating limit, for example, by a predetermined amount or percentage lower than the operating limit of the component.

[0030] In block 200, a temperature error value is obtained by comparing the actual temperature with the target temperature. In block 210, the error value can be used for feedback control. When the error value is small, the temperature of the component is close to the threshold. The output of the feedback control may be the maximum output setpoint of the transformer. In Figure 5, the output of the feedback control 210 may be the output setpoint increment, i.e., the amount of decrease or increase in the output setpoint.

[0031] In 220, an increase or decrease in the power setpoint is added to the nominal or rated output of the wind turbine. The result in the example in Figure 5 is the maximum power setpoint determined based on the transformer's power setpoint, i.e., the transformer temperature. Note that the maximum power setpoint based on the transformer temperature may be higher than the actual rated output of the wind turbine. This does not mean that the wind turbine will operate at such a higher power setpoint, as described herein.

[0032] Such a method may be performed substantially continuously, for example, every minute or every 5 to 30 minutes, during which the temperature may be determined and the maximum output setpoint may be recalculated. This method may be performed at a constant frequency or at a variable frequency. For example, the frequency of determination, measurement, and / or calculation may increase as the temperature approaches the critical temperature.

[0033] In some examples, determining the maximum output setpoint involves PID control based on component temperature errors. A proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is a control loop mechanism that utilizes feedback. The PID controller continuously calculates an error value (in this example, the "temperature error value") as the difference between a desired setpoint (temperature threshold) and a measured process variable (component temperature), and applies corrections based on proportional, integral, and differential terms (denoted by P, I, and D, respectively).

[0034] PID control should not be understood herein to necessarily involve the use of all three terms (proportional, integral, and derivative). In the examples of this disclosure, one or two of these terms may have a gain coefficient of zero, i.e., PID control may be, for example, PI control or PD control.

[0035] Alternatively, the feedback control embodied herein as PID control may be embodied as model predictive control (MPC), H∞ method, or linear quadratic (LQ) regulator. More suitable algorithms for feedback control may also be used.

[0036] The output of a PID (or other feedback) control may be an output setpoint based on the component temperature.

[0037] In the example, the maximum power setpoint may be determined as the rated power of the wind turbine if the power setpoint based on component temperature is higher than the rated power. A maximum power setpoint based on the temperature of one or more components of the wind turbine can only be implemented if the calculated maximum power setpoint is lower than the nominal power, and not if the calculated maximum power setpoint is equal to or greater than the nominal power. Otherwise, the nominal power may be considered the maximum power setpoint. In this case, the wind turbine can be considered to operate normally.

[0038] Temperature measurement and the determination of the corresponding maximum power setpoint were shown to be applied to the transformer in Figure 5. Similar measurements and determinations may be performed for other wind turbine components, specifically electric wind turbine components, and more specifically, the wind turbine's generator and power converter, as shown in Figure 4. For each of these components, a corresponding maximum power setpoint can be determined based on its individual temperature. As shown in Figure 4, the most restrictive power setpoint can be used to control the wind turbine, especially if the maximum power setpoint is lower than the wind turbine's rated output.

[0039] According to the example in Figure 5, a method for determining the maximum power setpoint further includes the steps of determining the current power output of the wind turbine and determining the maximum power setpoint based on the component temperature error and the current power output. The power output of the wind turbine can determine the heat generation in different electrical components and thus form an input that helps estimate the future temperature of the electrical components.

[0040] In some examples, as shown in Figure 5, the first offset output setpoint is determined based on the component temperature error (in the feedback controller 210), and the second offset output setpoint is determined based on the current output (in the feedforward controller 260).

[0041] In the example in Figure 5, at 220, the maximum output setpoint is determined as the sum of the wind turbine's rated output Pn, the first offset output setpoint, and the second offset output setpoint. At block 230, if the sum is less than the wind turbine's rated output, the maximum output setpoint is supplied to the wind turbine controller 240. If the sum is greater than the rated output, the rated output is supplied to the wind turbine controller 240.

[0042] In block 250, the wind turbine generator (WTG) is controlled based on the maximum output setpoint and the actual wind conditions. The result is the current output of the wind turbine, which can be delivered to the feedforward controller 260.

[0043] Depending on the prevailing wind conditions, the operation of the wind turbine may be standard. However, especially in strong winds, the operation of the wind turbine may be adapted to reduce the output to the maximum output setpoint.

[0044] In the example shown in Figure 5, a wind turbine transformer, particularly a main wind turbine transformer, is presented as an example of an electrical component whose temperature conditions can lead to a setpoint reduction and limit wind turbine operation. In further examples, this method can be applied to other wind turbine components, particularly electrical components, more specifically generators and / or power converters.

[0045] Further examples of methods for determining the maximum output setpoint are schematically shown in Figure 6. The example in Figure 6 is roughly equivalent to the example in Figure 5 in that it incorporates both feedforward and feedback control. However, several elements are added on the feedback side of the control. It is clear that these same or similar elements can also be added to examples that have only feedback control.

[0046] In the example of Figure 5, the transformer temperature may be measured or determined by other means. The transformer temperature is used in 210 to determine the transformer temperature error, as before. This can form the basic input for PID control, as in the example of Figure 5.

[0047] Temperature measurements may be supplemented with information about the operation of the transformer cooling system and the transformer itself, which is determined by the current output of the wind turbine. A thermodynamic model may be used to complement the actual temperature measurements. Inputs to the thermodynamic model include information about the activity and characteristics of the cooling system, as well as information about the current output. The resulting transformer temperature can form an input for determining the activity of the transformer cooling system, as shown in Figure 6. Again, a wind turbine transformer was chosen as an example, but it will be clear that this teaching can be applied to or extended to other electrical components and their corresponding cooling systems.

[0048] In a further embodiment, a control system for a wind turbine is provided, configured to perform one of the methods for determining a maximum power setpoint disclosed herein. The wind turbine control system may determine a first component temperature error by determining a first temperature of a first wind turbine component and determining the difference between the first temperature of the wind turbine component and the corresponding threshold temperature of the first component. The control system may further be configured to determine the current power and to determine a maximum power setpoint based at least in part on the first component temperature error and the current power. The control system may further be configured to control the wind turbine based on the maximum power setpoint.

[0049] The components of a wind turbine may include a generator (rotor or stator or both), a power converter, or a transformer.

[0050] In one example, the wind turbine control system may include one or more sensors for determining the temperature of the wind turbine components. In another example, the wind turbine control system may receive temperature information via a wired or wireless connection.

[0051] In further embodiments, the disclosure relates to a wind turbine comprising a wind turbine control system according to any of the examples disclosed herein.

[0052] The examples shown so far have focused on a single (electric) wind turbine component. However, this method may be performed simultaneously on several different components. The different components may specify different maximum power setpoints or setpoint reductions.

[0053] As shown in Figure 4, taking into account the different maximum power setpoints defined by different components such as the main wind turbine transformer, wind turbine generator, and power converter (or specific components of these components), the wind turbine setpoint reduction may be determined as the most restrictive maximum power setpoint. Actual power setpoint reduction occurs only when one or more of the maximum power setpoints of the different components are lower than the nominal power of the wind turbine.

[0054] As shown in Figure 4, the resulting setpoint reduction may be supplied to a wind turbine controller that controls, for example, the operating settings of the pitch system and generator torque. Other operating settings include, for example, the yaw angle. Actual operating settings depend not only on the setpoint reduction but also on the prevailing wind conditions. In the example, the method may further include the steps of pitching the blades and / or reducing the rotor speed in order to operate according to the setpoint reduction. By pitching the blades and reducing the rotor speed, the output can be reduced.

[0055] The Specified, and in further embodiments thereof, provides a method for determining the maximum power setpoint of a wind turbine. The method for determining the maximum power setpoint of a wind turbine includes the steps of measuring a first temperature of a first electrical component of the wind turbine, and determining a first temperature error value by comparing the first temperature with a first temperature threshold established for the first electrical component. The method further includes the steps of determining the current power of the wind turbine, and controlling the first power setpoint of the wind turbine, including feedback control based on the first temperature error value and feedforward control based on the current power of the wind turbine.

[0056] As shown in Figure 4, the first electrical component may be a generator component.

[0057] In some examples, the method may further include the steps of measuring a second temperature of a second electrical component of a wind turbine, determining a second temperature error value by comparing the second temperature with a second temperature threshold established for the second electrical component, and controlling a second output setpoint of the wind turbine, including feedback control based on the second temperature error value and feedforward control based on the current output of the wind turbine. The second electrical component may be, for example, a converter (component).

[0058] In some examples, the method may further include the step of determining the maximum power setpoint of the wind turbine to be the lower of the wind turbine's rated power, a first power setpoint, and a second power setpoint.

[0059] In some examples, the method may further include a step of operating a wind turbine according to a maximum power setpoint, the step of operating a wind turbine including pitching one or more blades of the wind turbine and / or reducing the rotor speed to operate according to the maximum power setpoint.

[0060] In some examples, the method may further include the step of measuring a third temperature of a third electrical component of the wind turbine (e.g., a transformer). The method may further include the steps of determining a third temperature error value by comparing the third temperature with a third temperature threshold established for the third electrical component, and determining a third power setpoint based on the third temperature error value. In this case, the method may further include the step of determining the maximum power setpoint to the lower of the rated power of the wind turbine, a first power setpoint, a second power setpoint, and a third power setpoint.

[0061] As described above, the method may further include the steps of determining the current output of the wind turbine and determining first and second output setpoints based on first and second temperature error values ​​and the current output of the wind turbine, respectively.

[0062] The feedforward and feedback controls in the examples of Figures 6 and 7 may both rely on PID algorithms. As previously mentioned with respect to the example of Figure 5, suitable alternative control algorithms include, for example, H∞, LQ, and MPC. The gain values ​​of the PID (or other algorithms) for the feedforward and feedback controls of the individual components may differ.

[0063] Those skilled in the art will further understand that the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithmic steps described in connection with the disclosure herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly demonstrate this hardware- and software compatibility, various exemplary components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are generally described above in relation to their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functionality in various ways for each specific application.

[0064] The various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or realized using one or more general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), cloud computing architectures, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic controllers (PLCs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to realize the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but instead, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors working with a DSP core, or any other combination of computing devices that are such configurations.

[0065] This disclosure also relates to a computing system adapted to perform any of the methods disclosed herein.

[0066] This disclosure also relates to a computer program or computer program product which includes instructions (code) that, when executed, perform any of the methods disclosed herein.

[0067] A computer program may be in the form of object code, such as source code, object code, code intermediate source, and partially compiled forms, or any other form suitable for use in process implementation. A carrier may be any entity or device capable of carrying a computer program.

[0068] When implemented in software / firmware, the functionality may be stored as one or more instructions or codes on or transmitted through a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable medium includes both computer storage media and communication media, including any media that facilitate the transfer of computer programs from one location to another. Storage media can be any available media accessible by a general-purpose or dedicated computer. Such computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD / DVD or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other media that can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures, and can be accessed by a general-purpose or dedicated computer or general-purpose or dedicated processor. Any connection is also appropriately referred to as computer-readable medium. For example, if software / firmware is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of media. As used herein, disk and disc include compact disc (CD), laser disc (disc), optical disc (disc), digital versatile disc (disc) (DVD), floppy disk (disk), and Blu-ray disc (disc), where a disk typically reproduces data magnetically and a disc (disc) reproduces data optically using a laser. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0069] While only a few examples are disclosed herein, other substitutions, modifications, uses, and / or equivalents are possible. Furthermore, all possible combinations of the examples described are also covered. Therefore, the scope of this disclosure should not be limited by any particular example, but should be determined solely by a fair reading of the appended claims. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0070] 20 Yaw System 21 Ring gear 22 Yaw drive device 23 Motor 24 Gearbox 25 pinion 100 pitch bearing 103 Inner ring 104 Outer ring 107 Pitch System 108 pinion 109 Ring gear 110 Hub 115 Rotor 120 rotor blades 150 Support surface 160 Wind Turbine 161 Nacer 162 Generators 163 Main rotor shaft 164 Gearbox 165 Support frame, bed plate 166 Generator shaft 170 Wind Turbine Towers 210 Feedback control, feedback controller 240 Wind Turbine Controller 260 Feedforward Controllers PA pitch axis Pn Nominal Output YA yaw axis

Claims

1. A method for determining the maximum output setting point of a wind turbine (160), wherein the method is The steps include determining the temperature of the first wind turbine component, A step of determining the first component temperature error by determining the difference between the temperature of the first wind turbine component and the corresponding threshold temperature of the first wind turbine component, The steps include determining the current output of the wind turbine (160), The steps include determining the maximum output setpoint based at least partially on the temperature error of the first component and the current output of the wind turbine (160), and It includes, The step of determining the maximum output setpoint includes feedback control (210) based on the temperature error of the first component and feedforward control (260) based on the current output. A method in which a first offset output setpoint is determined based on the temperature error of the aforementioned components, and a second offset output setpoint is determined based on the current output.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the feedback control includes PID control.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the output of the feedback control is an output setpoint based on the temperature of the component.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein if the output setpoint based on the component temperature error and the current output is higher than the rated output, the maximum output setpoint is determined as the rated output of the wind turbine (160).

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein if the output setpoint based on the component temperature and the current output is lower than the rated output of the wind turbine (160), the maximum output setpoint is determined as the output setpoint based on the component temperature error and the current output.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein if the sum of the rated output of the wind turbine (160), the first offset output setting point, and the second offset output setting point is less than the rated output of the wind turbine (160), the maximum output setting point is the sum.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein if the sum of the current output, the first offset output setting point, and the second offset output setting point is less than the rated output of the wind turbine (160), the maximum output setting point is the sum of the above.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the component is one of a generator (162), a main transformer, or a power converter.

9. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of operating the wind turbine (160) according to the maximum output setting point, the step of reducing the rotor speed and / or pitch angle of the wind turbine blades.

10. The steps include determining the temperature of the second wind turbine component, A step of determining the temperature error of a second wind turbine component by determining the difference between the temperature of the second wind turbine component and the corresponding threshold temperature of the second wind turbine component, The steps include determining the current output of the wind turbine (160), A step of determining the maximum output setpoint based at least in part on the temperature error of the first component, the temperature error of the second component, and the current output of the wind turbine (160); The method according to claim 1, including the method described in claim 1.

11. A control system for a wind turbine (160) configured to perform the method described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A wind turbine (160) comprising the wind turbine control system according to claim 11.

13. The wind turbine (160) according to claim 12, comprising one or more sensors for determining the temperature of the wind turbine components.

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