Brazing repair

Abstract

A braze repair method is provided. The method includes positioning a constraining member on the part to form a zone between the part and the constraining member. A first material composition is disposed in the zone between the part and the constraining member and a second material composition is disposed in the zone between the part and the constraining member. The second material composition is disposed on the first material composition. The part, the constraining member, the first material composition, and the second material composition are heat treated. The second material composition flows into the first material composition to form a third material composition. The constraining member is removed from the part and the third material composition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to brazing repair processes and systems. More particularly, the present disclosure generally relates to brazing repair processes and systems for turbomachinery components such as high temperature gas path components, but is not limited thereto.

Background Art

[0002] Various processes have been used for repairing high temperature gas path components of turbomachines. One such known process is slurry braze or putty braze repair. In another process, pre-sintered preforms (PSPs) are used. The use of slurry braze repair or PSPs may not provide a suitable density for repairing turbomachinery components. By increasing the density, it may be possible to extend the high temperature operation and life of the turbomachine compared to repairs by known repair techniques.

[0003] Known repair methods, including those using brazing repair or PSPs, require welds or pre-forms to mitigate the "run" of the braze from the free end of the repair location when the braze liquefies during heat treatment such as a brazing heat cycle. The use of welds or pre-forms in brazing repair methods can increase the complexity and / or number of steps of the repair method. Such an increase in repair complexity and / or steps can increase costs, time, and the chance of errors in the overall repair process.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

[0005] All aspects, examples, and features described below can be combined in any way that is technically possible.

[0006] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a method, the method comprising: positioning a constraining member relative to a part in order to form a zone between the part and the constraining member; positioning a first material composition in the zone between the part and the constraining member; positioning a second material composition in the zone between the part and the constraining member, wherein the second material composition is positioned on top of the first material composition; heat-treating the part, the constraining member, the first material composition, and the second material composition so that the second material composition flows into the first material composition to form a third material composition; and removing at least a portion of the constraining member and the third material composition to form a near-net shape of the part.

[0007] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, further comprising removing at least a portion of the third material composition to form the near net shape of the part.

[0008] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the prior aspects, wherein the restraining member includes at least one of a planar element, a flexible element, or an element shaped to a contour of the component.

[0009] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, wherein the first material composition comprises high melt powder.

[0010] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, wherein the first material composition includes a binder.

[0011] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, wherein the second material composition comprises a low-melting-point powder.

[0012] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, wherein the second material composition comprises a high-melting-point powder.

[0013] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, wherein the high-melting-point powder and the low-melting-point powder include superalloy materials.

[0014] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, wherein the amount of the low-melting-point powder is greater than the amount of the high-melting-point powder.

[0015] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, wherein the heat treatment includes heat treatment in a brazing heat cycle and an induction brazing process.

[0016] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, wherein the step of positioning the restraint member on a part to form the zone between the part and the restraint member includes positioning the restraint member on the part by at least one of the following steps: welding the restraint member to the part; resistance spot welding or rivet welding the restraint member to the part; brazing the restraint member to the part; and mechanically attaching the restraint member to the part.

[0017] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, wherein the step of removing at least a portion of the third material composition in the zone to form a near net shape of the component includes at least one of removing the constraining member from the component and the third material composition by machining, physical separation, blending, and leaching.

[0018] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, wherein the restraining member comprises a material compatible with at least one of the component, the first material composition, and the second material composition.

[0019] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, wherein the restraining member and the component include a superalloy material.

[0020] Another aspect of this disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, wherein the component includes a turbomachine component.

[0021] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, the method further comprising positioning the first material and blocking the at least one feature of the part with a blocking element before positioning the second material.

[0022] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects and further includes the step of removing the block element after heat treatment.

[0023] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, wherein the zone includes a damaged area on the component.

[0024] A further aspect of the present disclosure provides a method. The method includes positioning the restraint member relative to the turbomachine component to form a zone between the turbomachine component and the restraint member; positioning a first material composition in the zone between the turbomachine component and the restraint member, the first material composition including a brazing paste including a binder and a high melting point powder, the positioning; positioning a second material composition in the zone between the turbomachine component and the restraint member, the second material composition including a low melting point powder, the second material composition being positioned over the high melting point powder, the positioning; heat treating the turbomachine component, the restraint member, the first material composition, and the second material composition such that the second material composition flows into the first material composition to form a third material composition within the zone; removing the restraint member relative to the turbomachine component and relative to the third material composition; and removing at least a portion of the third material composition to form a near-net shape of a component of the turbomachine component.

[0025] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, wherein the second material composition includes an amount of high melting point powder and an amount of low melting point powder, and the amount of low melting point powder is greater than the amount of high melting point powder.

[0026] Another aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the preceding aspects, wherein the restraint member includes a material that conforms to at least one of the turbomachine component, the first material composition, and the second material composition.

[0027] Two or more aspects described in the present disclosure, including those described in this summary section, may be combined to form embodiments not specifically described herein.

[0028] The details of one or more embodiments are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0029] These features and other features of the present disclosure will be more readily understood from the following detailed description of the various aspects of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings that illustrate various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 1] A schematic cross-sectional view of a component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. [Figure 2] A schematic cross-sectional view of a component having a damaged area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. [Figure 3] A schematic cross-sectional view of a component having a damaged area with a restraint member attached to the component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. [Figure 4] A schematic cross-sectional view of a component having a damaged area with a restraint member attached to a component in which a first material composition and a second material composition are disposed in a repair zone according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. [Figure 5] A schematic cross-sectional view of a component in which a third material composition is disposed in a repair zone and the restraint member is removed is shown. [Figure 6] A schematic cross-sectional view of a component in which some third material compositions are optionally removed to provide a near-net shape of the component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. [Figure 7] A flowchart of a process for repairing a component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0030] Note that the drawings of the present disclosure are not necessarily to scale. The drawings are intended to depict only typical aspects of the present disclosure and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. In the drawings, like numbers represent like elements between the drawings.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0031] Firstly, in order to clearly describe the subject matter of this disclosure, it is necessary to select specific terminology when referring to and describing the relevant metallurgical processes and machine components within a turbomachine. Wherever possible, common industry terms will be used and adopted in a manner consistent with their general meaning. Unless otherwise specified, such terms should be given a broad interpretation consistent with the context of this application and the appended claims. Those skilled in the art will understand that certain components are often referred to using multiple different or overlapping terms. What is described as a single component in this specification may include and refer to something composed of multiple components in another context. Or, what is described as including multiple components in this specification may be referred to as a single component elsewhere.

[0032] Furthermore, several descriptive terms may be used regularly in this specification, as described below. The terms “first,” “second,” and “third” may be used interchangeably to distinguish one component from another and are not intended to imply the position or importance of individual components.

[0033] The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the disclosure. Where used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Where used herein, the terms “comprises” and / or “comprising” identify the presence of a described feature, integer, process, operation, element, and / or component, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. “Optional” or “optionally” means that the event or situation described thereafter may or may not occur, or the component or element described thereafter may or may not exist, and that the description includes instances in which the event occurs or the component exists, and instances in which it does not occur or does not exist.

[0034] When an element or layer is said to be “on,” “engaged,” “connected,” or “joined” another element or layer, it may be directly on, engaged, connected, or joined to the other element or layer, or there may be an intervening element or layer. In contrast, when an element is said to be “directly,” “directly engaged,” “directly connected,” or “directly joined” to another element or layer, there may be no intervening element or layer. Other words used to describe relationships between elements should be interpreted similarly (e.g., “between” vs. “directly between,” “adjacent” vs. “directly adjacent,” etc.). As used herein, the terms “and / or” include any and all combinations of one or more of the enumerated items relating to them.

[0035] Figure 1 shows a non-limiting schematic cross-sectional view of component 100. As embodied in this disclosure, component 100 may be a hot gas path component of a turbomachine. Examples of such hot gas path components include, but are not limited to, combustion liners, end caps, fuel nozzle assemblies, crossfire tubes, transition pieces, turbine nozzles, power nozzles, turbine stationary shrouds, and turbine blades (the latter also known as a “bucket”).

[0036] As shown in Figure 1, part 100 may include at least one feature 102. The feature 102 of part 100 may include, but is not limited to, seal slots, cooling holes, gas path passages, and other such features that may be found in the high-temperature gas path component 100 of a turbomachine.

[0037] Figure 2 shows a component 100 that includes areas of damage 110 at its end or periphery. These areas of damage 110 may include, but are not limited to, oxidation, impact damage from debris, defects, and manufacturing faults. The above list is merely an example of the causes of areas of damage 110 that may occur in component 100, such as a high-temperature gas path component, as illustrated by this disclosure. Areas of damage 110 as embodied by this disclosure may be the result of use of component 100, or due to manufacturing defects of component 100, or alternatively, a combination of both manufacturing defects and use-related damage.

[0038] A method for repairing such a damaged area 110 is provided, as embodied by this disclosure. Referring to the figures, including Figures 3 to 6, and flowchart Figure 7, a first step S1 includes positioning the constraining member 150 relative to the part 100, for example, in the vicinity of or in the damaged area 110, in order to form a zone 155 between the part 100 and the constraining member 150. The zone 155 may include the damaged area 110 on the part 100. The constraining member 150 is positioned on the part 100 in close proximity to the damaged area 110. As shown in Figure 3, the constraining member 150 may be provided as a flat stock piece. Alternatively, without intending to limit this disclosure in any way, the constraining member 150 may include configurations of any shape so as to closely approximate the shape and contour of the part 100 in the vicinity of the damaged area 110, as shown by the dotted line by the constraining member 151.

[0039] Accordingly, as embodied in this disclosure, the restraining member 150 can be a shim or a similar structure. The restraining member 150 may include a flat stock, a curved stock, an irregular stock, or a stock customized to approximate the peripheral portion of the part 100. However, aspects of the embodiments do not require the restraining member 150 to have a specific configuration, as the repair process may include one or more subsequent steps to provide a near-net-shape repaired profile to the part 110.

[0040] The restraining member 150 can be positioned relative to the component 100 by any suitable retaining method and system. For example, by fixing the restraining member 150 to the component 100, the repair material described below can be kept within the zone 155. For example, without limiting the embodiments, the restraining member 150 may be positioned and held relative to the component 100 by mechanical, metallurgical, brazing, or welding mechanisms. This step may include, for example, resistance spot welding or tack welding, mechanically attaching the restraining member 150 to the component 100, using adhesives, or other retaining structures (not shown), or other positioning techniques that are currently known or will be developed later herein.

[0041] Component 100 may include one or more features 102 to be protected from a repair process. In some aspects of this disclosure, if component 100 includes at least one feature 102, the method may include providing a blocking element 101 (Figure 3) to protect the feature 102. In a non-limiting example, the feature 102 includes a slot, where the blocking element 101 may include a plug. Positioning of the blocking element 101 in or on or over component 100, i.e., on at least one feature 102, may be performed before positioning of the first material and positioning of the second material in the zone, as described later. The blocking element 101 can prevent material from the repair process from flowing into, on, or over at least one feature 102. Furthermore, if the blocking element 101 is provided on at least one feature 102, the removal of the blocking element 101 may be performed after heat treatment, as also described herein.

[0042] As shown in Figure 4, step S2 of the repair process includes positioning the first material composition 170 in zone 155 between the part and the restraining member. The first material composition powder 170 may contain a binder and is positioned in the lower region of zone 155. A portion 171 of the first material composition 170 may be positioned relative to the damaged area 110, while another second portion 172 of the first material composition 170 may be positioned relative to the restraining member 150.

[0043] The first material composition 170 may, but is not limited to, contain MARM247 having a “high” melting point temperature in the range of about 1220°C to about 1270°C. Thus, the first material composition 170 can be considered as a high melting point brazing material composition containing high melting point powder, as discussed herein.

[0044] Furthermore, the first material composition 170 may be provided as a braze paste or braze putty. In this embodiment of the braze paste or braze putty, the first material composition 170 includes a binder for forming a braze paste having essentially putty consistency. In this embodiment, the first material composition 170 as a braze paste or braze putty may, but is not limited to, include one or more braze alloy powders, such as high-melting-point powders, and a neutral, flux-free binder.

[0045] In particular embodiments, other material compositions for the first material composition 170 may include other brazing components having similar melting points. For example, without any intention to limit the embodiments, the first material composition 170 may include Rene80, R142, MARM509, T800, or any other similar high-melting-point brazing components currently known or to be developed in the future. In embodiments where the part is a high-temperature gas path turbomachine component, superalloy materials are often used to form such high-temperature gas path turbomachine components. Thus, in materials such as MARM247, which is a superalloy-based brazing material, the brazing material and the part are compatible superalloy-based materials.

[0046] In a further embodiment of the embodiments, the first material composition 170 may contain at least a proportion of high-melting-point powder greater than the proportion of high-melting-point powder in the second material composition 160 described herein. The first material composition 170 may contain, in weight percent, at least 60% high-melting-point powder, at least 70% high-melting-point powder, at least 80% high-melting-point powder, at least 90% high-melting-point powder, and up to about 100% high-melting-point powder, with the remainder being a binder. The binder content can preferably be provided in the range of about 1% to about 7% by weight. This composition ratio may result in the first material composition 170 having the form of an extrudeable brazing paste. In accordance with this disclosure, the binder may be water or organic based, so that the brazing paste can dry quickly or slowly, depending on its base powder and components. This ratio provides the high-melting-point powder in the first material composition 170 with essentially "putty consistency," preventing liquefaction in the heat treatment step prior to the second material composition 160. This ratio also provides the high-melting-point brazing powder in the first material composition 170 with a low porosity content.

[0047] Step S3 includes positioning the second material composition 160 in the zone 155 between the part 100 and the restraining member 150, as also shown in Figure 4. The second material composition 160 may be positioned above the first material composition 170, either in contact with it or not in contact with it. In step S3, the second material composition 160 is positioned in contact with the third portion 173 of the first material composition 170.

[0048] The second material composition 160 may include, but is not limited to, brazing materials such as DF4B and D15. DF4B has, for example, a “low” melting point temperature of about 1120°C, and D15 has a melting point of about 1160°C. Therefore, the second material composition 160 may also be a low-melting-point brazing material composition containing low-melting-point powder, the low-melting-point powder of the second material composition 160 melts at a lower temperature compared to the high-melting-point powder of the first material composition 170. As described herein, when a component is a high-temperature gas path turbomachine component, superalloy materials are often used to form such high-temperature gas path turbomachine components. Therefore, with materials such as (but not limited to) DF4B and D15, which are superalloy-based brazing materials, the brazing material and components are compatible superalloy-based materials.

[0049] Furthermore, according to a particular embodiment, other material compositions for the second material composition 160 may include other brazing components having similar melting temperatures. For example, without any intention to limit the embodiments, the second material composition 160 may include AMS4728, Amdry775, B1P, 509B, or other brazing components currently known or to be developed having similar melting points.

[0050] Furthermore, in certain embodiments, the second material composition 160 may comprise a portion of the first material composition 170. Preferably, the amount (weight %) of the second material composition 160 is higher than the amount (weight %) of the first material composition 170. Thus, as embodied by this disclosure, the second material composition 160 liquefies at a lower temperature and flows into the first material composition 170 in zone 155. As the second material composition 160 flows into zone 155, the flow of the second material composition 160 entrains the unmolten first material composition 170, carrying it into zone 155 and into the gaps of the first material composition 170 within zone 155.

[0051] The ratio of the second material composition 160 to the first material composition 170 may range from 60 to 80% of the second material composition 160 to 20 to 40% of the first material composition 170. Further embodiments of the mixing ratio of the second material composition 160 to the first material composition 170 may include 25 to 35% of the first material composition 170 to 65 to 75% of the second material composition 160. Further embodiments of the embodiments of this disclosure include 30% of the first material composition 170 to 70% of the second material composition 160.

[0052] After the second material composition 160 and the first material composition 170 are placed in zone 155, step S4 includes heat-treating the part 100, the restraining member 150, the first material composition 160, and the second material composition 170. When this occurs, the second material composition 170 flows into the first material composition 160, forming the third material composition 180 as shown in Figure 5. More specifically, a brazing process, such as at least one of a brazing thermal cycle and an induction brazing process, may be performed on the part 100, the second material composition 160 and the first material composition 170 (collectively, “repair material”), and the restraining member 150. A braze thermal cycle involves a heat treatment with brazing as a metal joining process, in which two or more metal items are joined by melting one metal (here, a second material composition 160) having a lower melting point than an adjacent metal (here, a first material composition 170) and allowing it to flow into the joint. During the braze heat treatment, the second material composition 160 can liquefy and flow. The second material composition 160 flows into the gap between the first material composition 170, which contains its binder. The second material composition 160 and the first material composition 170 can then form a “third material composition 180”, which becomes the repaired braze composition when the process is complete. As embodied in this disclosure, the third material composition 180 includes the second material composition 160 that flows into the gap and surrounds a portion of the first material composition 170 in zone 155. A combination of the second material composition 160 and the first material composition 170 defines the third material composition 180.

[0053] After the brazing heat treatment is complete, the repair zone 155 having the part 100 and the third material composition 180 of the second material composition 160 and the first material composition 170 may be cooled. During or after cooling, step S5 includes removing the restraining member 150 from the part 100 and removing the restraining member 150 from a portion of the third material composition 180 formed on the part 100. More specifically, the restraining member 150 may be removed from its position in step S5 once the third material composition 180 has at least partially solidified and maintains a near net shape on the part 100, as shown in Figure 5. Furthermore, the restraining member 150 may be removed from its position in step S5 once the third material composition 180 has completely solidified on the part 100. The restraining member 150 can be removed when the third material composition 180 is no longer liquid or fluid in order to maintain its configuration within the zone 155.

[0054] As embodied in this disclosure, the restraining member 150 can be removed by any suitable process. Removal of the restraining member 150 from the part 100 may include removal by mechanical means. These mechanical means may include removal by machining, physical separation, mixing, leaching to remove any adhesive or physical connection of the restraining member 150 to the part 100 or the third material composition 180, or removal by other means currently known or to be developed in the future. Removal by any means is possible if the means allows the configuration of the third material composition 180 in zone 155 and does not affect the connection between the third material composition 180 and the component 100 in the damaged area 110.

[0055] As shown in Figure 6, once the restraining member 150 is removed, an optional step S6 may include removing at least a portion of the third material composition 180 to form a near-net shape of the part 100. The removal of at least a portion of the third material composition 180 may be, for example, to fit the third material composition 180 to the periphery of the part 100. The removal of the third material composition 180 as embodied in this disclosure can provide the repaired part 100 with a near-net shape, a metallurgically acceptable repair shape, and a high-density repair shape.

[0056] Furthermore, in a further embodiment of the embodiment, if the part 100 includes feature 102, machining or reworking can be performed on the third material composition 180 and the part 100. Machining or reworking of the repaired part 100 can, as described above, reform or reopen any of the configurations of such feature 102.

[0057] The aforementioned drawings illustrate some of the processes associated according to some embodiments of this disclosure. In this regard, each drawing or block in the flowchart of the drawings represents a process associated with an embodiment of the described method. It should also be noted that in some alternative embodiments, the actions described in the drawings or blocks may occur in a different order than shown in the drawings, or may actually be performed substantially simultaneously or in reverse order, depending on the actions involved. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that additional blocks describing processes may be added.

[0058] The approximate expressions used throughout this specification and the claims may be applied to modify any quantitative expressions that may change acceptablely without altering the fundamental function of the expression in question. Thus, values ​​modified by terms such as “about,” “approximately,” and “substantially” are not limited to the exact values ​​specified. In at least some examples, approximate expressions may correspond to the precision of the instrument used to measure the value. Throughout this specification and the claims, range limitations may be combined and / or replaced. Such ranges, unless otherwise specified in context or wording, include all subranges contained therein. “Approximately” applied to specific values ​​within a range may indicate ±10% of one or more values ​​described, unless it applies to both endpoints and depends on the precision of the instrument used to measure the value.

[0059] All means or step-plus functional elements in the following claims, corresponding structures, materials, actions, and equivalents are intended to include any structures, materials, or actions for performing a function in combination with other claimed elements, as specifically claimed. The descriptions in this disclosure are presented for illustrative and explanatory purposes and are not intended to be exhaustive or restrictive of the disclosure in the disclosed form. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. The embodiments have been selected and described to best illustrate the principles and practical applications of this disclosure and so that those skilled in the art can understand the disclosure in various embodiments with various modifications to suit a particular intended use. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0060] 100: Part 101: Blocking element 102: Feature 110: Damage area 150, 151: Restraining member 155: Zone 160: Second material composition 170: First material composition 171, 172: Part 180: Third material composition

Claims

1. A step of positioning a restraining member with respect to a part having at least a first feature and a second feature to form a zone between the part and the restraining member, wherein the restraining member is positioned to close the opening of the first feature and the opening of the second feature is positioned in the zone, and the step of A step of providing a blocking element to the opening of the second feature described above, A step of placing a first material composition in the zone between the component and the restraining member, the zone including the blocking element, A step of positioning a second material composition in the zone between the component and the restraining member, wherein the second material composition is positioned in contact with the first material composition, A step of heat-treating the component, the restraining member, the first material composition, and the second material composition, wherein the second material composition flows into the first material composition to form a third material composition, and the blocking element prevents the third material composition from flowing into the second feature, A step of removing the restraining member, at least a portion of the third material composition, and the blocking element from the part, A method that includes this.

2. A step of positioning a restraining member with respect to a part having at least a first feature to form a zone between the part and the restraining member, wherein the restraining member has a flat surface and is positioned such that the restraining member is not inserted into an opening in the first feature and the flat surface closes the opening in the first feature, A step of placing the first material composition in the zone between the component and the restraining member, A step of positioning a second material composition in the zone between the component and the restraining member, wherein the second material composition is positioned in contact with the first material composition, A step of heat-treating the component, the restraining member, the first material composition, and the second material composition, wherein the second material composition flows into the first material composition to form a third material composition, A step of removing the restraining member and at least a portion of the third material composition from the part, wherein the opening of the first feature is opened, A method that includes this.

3. A step of positioning a restraining member with respect to a part having at least a second feature, thereby forming a zone between the part and the restraining member, wherein the opening of the second feature is located in the zone, and the step of A step of providing a blocking element to the opening of the second feature described above, A step of placing a first material composition in the zone between the component and the restraining member, the zone including the blocking element, A step of positioning a second material composition in the zone between the component and the restraining member, wherein the second material composition is positioned in contact with the first material composition, A step of heat-treating the component, the restraining member, the first material composition, and the second material composition, wherein the second material composition flows into the first material composition to form a third material composition, and the blocking element prevents the third material composition from flowing into the second feature, A step of removing the restraining member, at least a portion of the third material composition, and the blocking element from the part, A method that includes this.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising the step of removing at least a portion of the third material composition from a component that forms the near net shape of the component.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the restraining member includes at least one of a planar element, a flexible element, or an element shaped to match the contour of the part.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first material composition comprises a high-melting-point powder and a binder.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second material composition comprises a low-melting-point powder or a high-melting-point powder.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first material composition and the second material composition include a superalloy material.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the amount of the second material composition is greater than the amount of the first material composition.

10. The heat treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heat treatment includes heat treatment in a brazing heat cycle.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the step of positioning the restraining member with respect to the part to form the zone between the part and the restraining member includes a step of positioning the restraining member on the part by at least one of the following steps: welding the restraining member to the part; tack welding the restraining member to the part; resistance spot welding the restraining member to the part or brazing the restraining member to the part; and mechanically attaching the restraining member to the part.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the step of removing at least a portion of the third material composition in the zone to form a near-net shape of the part includes at least one of mechanical removal, physical separation, blending, and leaching of the restraining member from the part and the third material composition.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the restraining member comprises a material that is compatible with at least one of the component, the first material composition, and the second material composition.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the restraining member and the component include a superalloy material.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the aforementioned component includes a turbomachine component.

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