Communication methods, devices, systems, and trains

Abstract

A communication method is disclosed, which relates to the field of optical fiber communication and is applied to a processor (22) in any vehicle of a train. The processor (22) is connected to an optical fiber cabling network to perform communication data interaction with train communication devices in the vehicle. By the processor (22) performing interaction of communication data in the form of optical signals with the optical fiber cabling network, communication of train communication devices in different vehicles is realized. In a method of using an optical fiber instead of a cable to transmit data, the communication data is less likely to be lost and is less affected by electromagnetic interference, improving the communication quality of train communication devices. Also, in a method of converting communication data of multiple train communication devices into optical signals and combining them as a beam for transmission, there is no need to establish multiple communication networks. With one optical fiber cabling network, multiple train communication devices can transmit data simultaneously, reducing the complexity of the wiring environment inside the train and reducing the total weight of the train. A communication device, a system, and a train are further provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0004] ,

[0001] This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on November 08, 2022, with the application number 202211391359.7 and the invention title "Communication Method, Device, System and Train", and all its contents are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to the field of train communication, and particularly to a communication method, device, system and train.

Background Art

[0003] Trains include train communication devices such as media systems, control systems and monitoring systems. As the functions of trains are increasing, the network bandwidth required by each train communication device is also increasing. Therefore, it is difficult for the communication network on the train to ensure smooth communication of these train communication devices. In order to ensure smooth communication of each train communication device on the train, in the prior art, generally, an independent and non-interfering communication network is established for each train communication device, and communication data in different systems is transmitted through the corresponding communication network. By doing so, it is possible to avoid overusing the network bandwidth of a single communication network and ensure smooth communication of train communication devices. However, the method of establishing multiple communication networks requires a large amount of cables for wiring. Therefore, the wiring environment inside the train is complex, and a large amount of cables will obviously increase the total weight of the train, which is disadvantageous to the lightweight of the train. In addition, when a train communication device conducts long-distance communication inside the train, the communication data is likely to be lost and is easily affected by electromagnetic interference, so the communication quality of the train communication device deteriorates.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a communication method, apparatus, system, and train that minimizes data loss and is less susceptible to electromagnetic interference, improves the communication quality of train communication equipment, eliminates the need to establish multiple communication networks, reduces the complexity of the wiring environment within the train, and reduces the total weight of the train. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a communication method, which is applied to a processor in any car of a train, the processor being connected to an optical fiber ring network, and the communication method is The steps include acquiring a first beam in the optical fiber ring network, and acquiring all carrier optical signals containing communication data in the first beam, The steps include determining the carrier optical signal necessary for train communication equipment in the vehicle where the processor is located, The steps include: transmitting the carrier optical signal necessary for the train communication equipment to the train communication equipment so that the train communication equipment generates a feedback optical signal based on the carrier optical signal; The method includes the steps of combining the feedback optical signal and all of the carrier optical signals that are unnecessary for the train communication equipment as a second beam, and transmitting the second beam to the optical fiber ring network.

[0006] Preferably, the steps of determining the carrier optical signal required for the train communication equipment in the vehicle where the processor is located, and transmitting the carrier optical signal required for the train communication equipment to the train communication equipment, The steps include determining a first wavelength for each of the carrier optical signals, The steps include determining the second wavelength of the carrier optical signal required for the train communication equipment, The method includes the step of transmitting to the train communication equipment a carrier optical signal from among the carrier optical signals in which the first wavelength and the second wavelength match.

[0007] Preferably, the step of acquiring all carrier optical signals containing communication data in the first beam is: The process includes the step of decomposing the first beam into individual carrier optical signals based on the correspondence between a predetermined wavelength and communication data.

[0008] Preferably, the step of decomposing the first beam into each of the carrier optical signals is: The process includes the step of decomposing the first beam into each of the carrier optical signals by wavelength division demultiplexing, The step of combining the feedback optical signal and all of the carrier optical signals unnecessary for the train communication equipment as a second beam is: The process includes the step of combining the feedback optical signal and all of the carrier optical signals that are unnecessary for the train communication equipment into a second beam by wavelength division multiplexing.

[0009] Preferably, when the optical fiber in the optical fiber ring network is a multi-core optical fiber, the step of combining the feedback optical signal and all the carrier optical signals unnecessary for the train communication equipment as a second beam and transmitting the second beam to the optical fiber ring network is: The steps include determining a first identifier corresponding to each optical fiber in the optical fiber ring network, The steps include determining a second identifier corresponding to the feedback optical signal and a third identifier corresponding to all carrier optical signals that are unnecessary for the communication signal, The steps include combining the carrier optical signal and the feedback optical signal from among the carrier optical signals, where the third identifier and the second identifier match, as the second beam, The step of transmitting the second beam to the optical fiber ring network via the optical fiber through which the first identifier and the second identifier match.

[0010] Preferably, the vehicle further includes a first optical fiber interface and a second optical fiber interface, the first optical fiber interface being connected by the optical fiber ring network to the second optical fiber interface of one adjacent vehicle of the vehicle, the second optical fiber interface being connected by the optical fiber ring network to the first optical fiber interface of another adjacent vehicle of the vehicle, and before acquiring all carrier optical signals containing communication data in the first beam, The step further includes setting the second optical fiber interface of the vehicle to virtual break mode and proceeding to acquire all carrier optical signals containing communication data in the first beam.

[0011] Preferably, the step of transmitting the second beam to the optical fiber ring network is: The steps include determining a target vehicle that needs to receive the aforementioned feedback optical signal, The process includes the step of transmitting the second beam to the optical fiber ring network via the first optical fiber interface, After transmitting the second beam to the optical fiber ring network via the first optical fiber interface, The steps include determining whether the target vehicle successfully acquired the second beam, If NO, the further step includes controlling the second optical fiber interface in the vehicle to be set to conduction mode, thereby transmitting the second beam through the second optical fiber interface to the optical fiber ring network.

[0012] This application further provides a communication device, Memory for storing computer programs, The computer program includes a processor that implements the steps of the above-described communication method when the aforementioned computer program is executed.

[0013] This application further provides a communication system, including the communication device described above, Optical fiber ring network is composed of optical fibers, An optical transceiver that acquires a first beam in the optical fiber ring network via the optical fiber and transmits it to the communication device, and transmits a second beam emitted from the communication device via the optical fiber to the optical fiber ring network, The system further includes a signal interaction module that transmits a carrier optical signal transmitted by the communication device to a train communication device in the train, and transmits communication data generated by the train communication device based on the carrier optical signal to the communication device.

[0014] Preferably, The system further includes a photoelectric conversion module provided between the communication device and the signal interaction module, which converts a carrier optical signal in optical signal form transmitted by the communication device into a carrier optical signal in electrical signal form and transmits it to the signal interaction module, and converts the communication data in electrical signal form transmitted by the signal interaction module into a feedback optical signal in optical signal form and transmits it to the communication device.

[0015] Preferably, the photoelectric conversion module is It includes a photoelectric converter and a differential conversion module, The photoelectric converter converts the carrier optical signal in optical signal form transmitted by the communication device into a first difference signal in electrical signal form, and converts the second difference signal in electrical signal form transmitted by the difference conversion module into the feedback optical signal in optical signal form and transmits it to the communication device. The difference conversion module converts the first difference signal in electrical signal form into a carrier optical signal in electrical signal form and transmits it to the signal interaction module, and the signal interaction module converts the communication data in electrical signal form transmitted into the second difference signal in electrical signal form.

[0016] This application further provides a train, which includes a plurality of vehicles and further includes the above communication system. The communication system is arranged in each of the vehicles.

Advantages of the Invention

[0017] The present invention provides a communication method, apparatus, system, and train, which relates to the field of optical fiber communication and is applied to a processor in any vehicle of a train. The processor is connected to an optical fiber ring network. When the processor obtains a first beam in the optical fiber ring network, it obtains all the carrier optical signals containing communication data in the first beam, and determines, from these carrier optical signals, the carrier optical signals required by the train communication device in the vehicle where the processor is located, and transmits the required carrier optical signals to the train communication device. Thus, the train communication device generates a feedback optical signal based on the carrier optical signal. Finally, the feedback optical signal and all the carrier optical signals unnecessary for the train communication device are combined as a second beam and transmitted to the optical fiber ring network. In the method of using an optical fiber instead of a cable to transmit data, the communication data is less likely to be lost and is less affected by electromagnetic interference, improving the communication quality of the train communication device. Also, in the method of converting the communication data of multiple train communication devices into optical signals and combining them as a beam for transmission, there is no need to establish multiple communication networks. With one optical fiber ring network, multiple train communication devices can transmit data simultaneously, reducing the complexity of the wiring environment inside the train and reducing the total weight of the train.

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the necessary drawings of the prior art and the embodiments. The drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. On the premise that those skilled in the art do not need to perform inventive labor, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] [Figure 1] It is a flowchart of the communication method provided by this application. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical fiber ring network provided in this application. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram of the single-core optical fiber provided in this application. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram of the multi-core optical fiber provided in this application. [Figure 5] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device provided in this application. [Figure 6] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication system provided in this application. [Figure 7] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the differential conversion module provided in this application. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0020] The present invention provides a communication method, apparatus, system, and train that minimizes data loss and is less susceptible to electromagnetic interference, improves the communication quality of train communication equipment, eliminates the need to establish multiple communication networks, reduces the complexity of the wiring environment within the train, and reduces the overall weight of the train.

[0021] To make the purpose, technical proposal, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following describes the technical proposal of the embodiments of the present invention clearly and completely, with the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention combined. The embodiments described are not all embodiments, but only a selection of embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained based on the embodiments of the present invention, on the premise that a person skilled in the art does not perform work worthy of inventive step, are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Referring to Figure 1, which is a flowchart of the communication method provided in this application, applied to a processor in any car of a train, the processor is connected to an optical fiber ring network, and the communication method includes the following steps: S1: When the first beam in the optical fiber ring network is acquired, all carrier optical signals containing communication data in the first beam are acquired; S2: The processor determines the carrier optical signal required for the train communication equipment in the vehicle where it is located; S3: By transmitting the necessary carrier optical signal to the train communication equipment, the train communication equipment generates a feedback carrier optical signal based on the carrier optical signal; S4: The feedback carrier optical signal and all carrier optical signals unnecessary for train communication equipment are combined into a second beam, and the second beam is transmitted to the optical fiber ring network.

[0023] Current train systems include train communication equipment such as media systems, control systems, and monitoring systems. Because train network bandwidth is limited and a single cable cannot easily support data transmission for all train communication equipment, conventional technology generally requires each train communication device to network independently, existing as an independent communication network system. For example, current trains typically network using cables supporting 100 Mbps and 1000 Mbps bandwidths. However, the monitoring system requires Ethernet with a 1000 Mbps transmission rate, i.e., a cable with approximately 1000 Mbps bandwidth, to transmit data. As can be seen, a single cable cannot support data transmission for all train communication equipment; therefore, it is necessary to establish independent and non-interfering communication networks for each train communication device on the train. While this system can guarantee that all train communication devices transmit data correctly, each train communication device networks independently. Therefore, when laying cables, each train communication device needs to have its own set of cables. Thus, there are multiple sets of cables in a train, and each set is connected to the cables of all the cars on the train. As a result, the wiring environment in the train becomes complex, the large number of cables clearly increases the total weight of the train, and the higher the transmission rate or bandwidth of the cables, the worse the interference prevention ability. Furthermore, the longer the distance over which communication data propagates through the cables, the greater the signal loss and interference, resulting in poor communication quality of train communication devices during long-distance data transmission within the train.

[0024] To solve the above technical problems, this application proposes transmitting data using optical fibers instead of cables. A single optical fiber has a bandwidth of several tens of THz, which is clearly higher than the 100 Mbps or 1000 Mbps bandwidth of cables. A single optical fiber can support data transmission by all networks on a train. Optical fibers have low signal loss; for example, when transmitting an 800 MHz signal, the signal loss per kilometer when a cable transmits an 800 MHz signal exceeds 40 dB, while when transmitting an 800 MHz signal through an optical fiber, the signal loss per kilometer is only 0.2 dB. Transmission using optical fibers is unaffected by electromagnetic interference. Therefore, compared to conventional systems where each network independently transmits data using a separate set of cables, all networks sharing a single optical fiber for data transmission clearly reduces wiring complexity and the overall weight of the train, while also improving the quality of data transmission.

[0025] Assuming that the processors on each vehicle form a communication network by connecting optical fibers in series, when one processor is disconnected, the communication circuit between any two processors on either side of that processor is also disconnected, and communication between those two processors is impossible. Therefore, based on the series connection, the output end of the optical fiber of the last vehicle is connected to the input end of the optical fiber of the first vehicle, forming an optical fiber ring network. Refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical fiber ring network provided in this application. In actual application, the default transmission direction of the beam is set in advance according to the order of the vehicles, and when a processor in one vehicle transmits communication data to a processor in another vehicle, if a disconnection in the processor of the vehicle between the two vehicles is detected, the processor of that vehicle transmits the communication data to the processor of the other vehicle from the opposite direction of the default transmission direction. This achieves the objective of ensuring normal communication between the processors of the two vehicles even if a processor disconnection exists. For example, suppose there are four vehicles in total, A, B, C, and D, and their optical fiber ring network is ABCDA. If the default beam transmission direction is set to A→D, and when the processor in vehicle A tries to send communication data to the processor in vehicle C, it will send it along the default path ABC. If a disconnection is detected in the processor of vehicle B, the processor in vehicle A will send the communication data to the processor in vehicle C in the reverse direction of the default transmission direction, i.e., along the path ADC. This achieves the objective that even if the connection in vehicle B is broken, the processors of vehicles A and C can communicate normally.

[0026] In order to transmit data for the entire system over a single optical fiber, this application predefines carrier optical signals with distinct characteristics for each train communication device. For example, carrier optical signals with different characteristics such as wavelength, wave velocity, or optical intensity are defined for each train communication device. In actual application, data is transmitted over the optical fiber, and all the different carrier optical signals are merged into a beam and transmitted over a single optical fiber. For each train car, the processor is connected to all the train communication devices in that train car and is also connected to an optical fiber ring network. When a train communication device in another train car transmits communication data to the train communication device in the current train car, the carrier optical signal containing the communication data is transmitted over the optical fiber ring network. Upon receiving a first beam containing the carrier optical signal, the processor decomposes the first beam into multiple carrier optical signals containing the communication data, obtains the carrier optical signal from among them, that is, determines the carrier optical signal required for the train communication device, and transmits that carrier optical signal to the train communication device. This achieves the objective of enabling the train communication device to communicate between different train cars. When train communication equipment needs to transmit communication data and provide communication feedback, it generates communication data or feedback data and converts it into a carrier optical signal. A processor receives this carrier optical signal and fuses it with the previously decomposed carrier optical signals that are not needed by the train communication equipment in the vehicle into a new beam, i.e., a second beam. Finally, it transmits this to the optical fiber ring network, thereby transmitting the carrier optical signal to vehicles that subsequently need communication or feedback.

[0027] As described above, when the first beam in the optical fiber ring network is acquired, all carrier optical signals containing communication data in the first beam are acquired. From these carrier optical signals, the processor determines the carrier optical signals required by the train communication equipment in the vehicle where it is located, and transmits the required carrier optical signals to the train communication equipment. The train communication equipment then generates a feedback carrier optical signal based on the carrier optical signal, and finally, the feedback carrier optical signal and all carrier optical signals not required by the train communication equipment are combined as a second beam, which is then transmitted to the optical fiber ring network. This method uses optical fibers instead of cables to transmit data, resulting in less loss of communication data and reduced susceptibility to electromagnetic interference, thereby improving the communication quality of train communication equipment. Furthermore, this method converts communication data from multiple train communication equipment into carrier optical signals and transmits them as a combined beam, eliminating the need to establish multiple communication networks. With a single optical fiber ring network, multiple train communication equipment can transmit data simultaneously, reducing the complexity of the wiring environment within the train and decreasing the overall weight of the train.

[0028] Based on the above examples, In a preferred embodiment, the steps of determining the carrier optical signal required for the train communication equipment in the vehicle where the processor is located, and transmitting the carrier optical signal required for the train communication equipment to the train communication equipment, are as follows: The steps include determining the first wavelength of each carrier optical signal, The steps include determining the second wavelength of the carrier optical signal required for train communication equipment, The procedure includes the step of transmitting to train communication equipment a carrier optical signal in which the first wavelength and the second wavelength of each carrier optical signal coincide.

[0029] In order to determine the carrier optical signal required for train communication equipment, this application assumes that wavelength is one of the obvious characteristics of light and is easy to measure, and therefore the carrier optical signal required for train communication equipment can be determined based on the wavelength of light. Specifically, a single beam transmitted through an optical fiber is actually a beam consisting of multiple carrier optical signals, which corresponds to the presence of a non-zero voltage signal in the cable, and this voltage signal is actually composed of multiple communication data signals in electrical form. To distinguish which train communication device each carrier optical signal belongs to, different optical wavelengths are predetermined for each train communication device. That is, each train communication device corresponds to a carrier optical signal of one wavelength. When carrier optical signals transmitted from multiple train communication devices are all transmitted via light, the beam in the optical fiber corresponds to a beam consisting of multiple carrier optical signals with different wavelengths. When determining which carrier optical signal in the beam is required for a train communication device, it is known that the wavelength corresponding to that train communication device is the second wavelength. Therefore, the first wavelength of each carrier optical signal is detected, and the carrier optical signal whose first wavelength matches the second wavelength of the train communication device is the carrier optical signal required for that train communication device. Referring to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of a single-core optical fiber provided in this application, a carrier optical signal of one wavelength is predefined for each train communication device. For example, the wavelength of the carrier optical signal corresponding to the control data stream emitted from the control system is λ1, and the wavelength of the carrier optical signal corresponding to the monitoring system is λ4. When one beam is acquired, if it is detected that a carrier optical signal with wavelength λ1 is present in that light, it is determined that this carrier optical signal is the carrier optical signal required by the control system. Based on this, the carrier optical signal required by the train communication device can be easily and accurately determined by the wavelength of the carrier optical signal.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the step of acquiring all carrier optical signals containing communication data in the first beam is: The process includes the step of decomposing a first beam into individual carrier optical signals based on the correspondence between a predetermined wavelength and communication data.

[0031] In order to accurately resolve the first beam, in this application, the beam is actually composed of multiple carrier optical signals having different wavelengths. Therefore, the beam is resolved based on the correspondence between wavelengths and communication data. Specifically, as can be seen from the correspondence between predetermined wavelengths and communication data, the wavelength of the carrier optical signal corresponding to the control system is λ1, the wavelength of the carrier optical signal corresponding to the monitoring system is λ4, and so on. Here, in actual applications, it is difficult to guarantee that the carrier optical signals emitted by train communication equipment each time are carrier optical signals with perfectly matching wavelengths. Therefore, a range can be set for the wavelength of each train communication equipment. Accordingly, the wavelengths such as λ1 or λ4 described herein do not actually refer to exact wavelength values, but rather to wavelength ranges. For example, λ1 does not refer only to the carrier optical signal with a wavelength of 1300 nm, but actually to the carrier optical signal in the wavelength range of 1300 nm to 1350 nm. Based on this, the beam can be resolved based on the wavelength range, and the carrier optical signals within each wavelength range can be obtained, thereby accurately resolving the first beam.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the step of decomposing the first beam into individual carrier optical signals is: The process includes the step of decomposing the first beam into individual carrier optical signals by wavelength division demultiplexing, The step of combining the feedback optical signal and all carrier optical signals unnecessary for train communication equipment as a second beam is: The process includes the step of combining the feedback optical signal and all carrier optical signals unnecessary for train communication equipment as a second beam by wavelength division multiplexing.

[0033] To easily decompose and combine beams, this application describes wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and wavelength division multiplexing as methods for decomposing and combining beams. Specifically, wavelength division multiplexing is a technique for focusing multiple carrier optical signals with different wavelengths and coupling them into the same optical fiber for transmission, while wavelength division multiplexing is a technique for separating light in an optical fiber into optical carrier signals with different wavelengths. Specifically, wavelength division multiplexing divides the low-loss window of an optical fiber into several channels with different wavelengths based on wavelength. When a carrier optical signal transmitted by each train communication device is received, the beam transmitting side uses a wavelength division multiplexing device to merge these carrier optical signals with different wavelengths and introduce them into a single optical fiber for transmission. Similarly, wavelength division multiplexing uses a wavelength division multiplexing device to separate the beam into carrier optical signals with different wavelengths and transmit them to the corresponding train communication devices. Furthermore, compared to other beam decomposition and combination techniques, wavelength division multiplexing and wavelength division multiplexing are passive devices and do not require a separate power source for power supply, thus saving the overall energy consumption of the train. Based on this, beams are easily resolved and combined using wavelength division multiplexing and wavelength division demultiplexing.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, when the optical fiber in the optical fiber ring network is a multi-core optical fiber, the step of combining the feedback optical signal and all carrier optical signals unnecessary for the train communication equipment as a second beam and transmitting the second beam to the optical fiber ring network is: A step of determining a first identifier corresponding to each optical fiber in an optical fiber ring network, The steps include determining a second identifier corresponding to the feedback optical signal and a third identifier corresponding to all carrier optical signals that are not required for the communication signal, The steps include combining the carrier optical signal whose third identifier matches the second identifier with the feedback optical signal to form a second beam, among the various carrier optical signals, The procedure includes the step of transmitting a second beam to an optical fiber ring network via an optical fiber through which a first identifier and a second identifier match.

[0035] To improve the bandwidth of the optical fiber ring network, this application considers that, as technology advances, the network bandwidth required by various train communication devices on trains may increase, and that a single optical fiber may not be able to simultaneously transmit communication data for all train communication devices. Therefore, in the optical fiber ring network, instead of a single-core optical fiber, a multi-core optical fiber is used, with each core of the optical fiber considered as a single data transmission path, and each core in the multi-core optical fiber being responsible for transmitting communication data for one type of train communication device. Referring to Figure 4, which is a schematic diagram of the multi-core optical fiber provided in this application, the multi-core optical fiber contains four cores, each of which transmits communication data for four different communication systems. In practical application, when the feedback optical signal and the carrier optical signal are merged into a second beam, the feedback optical signal of the train communication device and the carrier optical signal, also belonging to the train communication device, are merged into a second beam containing only the various carrier optical signals within the train communication device, and this beam is transmitted to the optical fiber ring network via the optical fiber core corresponding to the train communication device. Although the number of cores in the optical fiber has been increased, this optical fiber is equivalent to a single optical cable composed of multiple cores. Compared to the conventional method of arranging multi-set cables in a multi-set communication network, it offers the advantages of simpler wiring, reduced train weight, and improved communication quality. Based on this, by using multi-core optical fibers to transmit communication data from different train communication equipment on different optical fiber cores, the bandwidth of the optical fiber ring network is improved, ensuring smooth communication for train communication equipment.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the vehicle further includes a first optical fiber interface and a second optical fiber interface, the first optical fiber interface being connected by an optical fiber ring network to the second optical fiber interface of one adjacent vehicle, and the second optical fiber interface being connected by an optical fiber ring network to the first optical fiber interface of another adjacent vehicle, and before acquiring all carrier optical signals containing communication data in the first beam, The process further includes setting the vehicle's second optical fiber interface to virtual break mode and proceeding to acquire all carrier optical signals containing communication data in the first beam.

[0037] In order to ensure the normal transmission of beam and carrier optical signals, in this application, each processor acquires a first beam in the optical fiber and transmits a second beam to the optical fiber. In actual application scenarios, there is a large amount of optical signal to be transmitted in the optical fiber, and since the optical fiber ring network is a signal transmission circuit that has no start or end point and is connected from beginning to end, in such a ring-shaped transmission circuit, the beams transmitted from each processor are repeatedly propagated in the optical fiber, and the processors in the optical fiber ring network repeatedly receive the same carrier optical signal and, based on this, repeatedly transmit more second beams to the optical fiber ring network, which leads to a serious broadcast storm failure. To avoid broadcast storms and ensure the normal transmission of carrier optical signals, it is necessary to proactively disconnect the optical fiber ring network so that a ring structure cannot be formed. Specifically, each vehicle has two optical fiber interfaces, and one of the vehicles where these processors are located is defined as the main vehicle, for example, the driver's cab or control room. One of the optical fiber interfaces of the main vehicle is simulated to be in an off state, that is, the second optical fiber interface of the main vehicle is set to a virtual break mode. For example, by adding a selector switch or input resistor to the second optical fiber interface and switching it on or off, or by increasing the input resistance, the second optical fiber interface enters a virtual break state, and the optical fiber ring network changes to a linear structure. Based on this, repeated propagation of beam and carrier optical signals in the optical fiber ring network is avoided, and the normal transmission of beam and carrier optical signals is ensured. Furthermore, to ensure the integrity of the optical fiber ring network, it is not necessary for multiple vehicles to all have their second optical fiber interfaces in a virtual break state; the objective of changing the optical fiber ring network to a linear structure can be achieved if the second optical fiber interface of one vehicle is in a virtual break state.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the step of transmitting a second beam to an optical fiber ring network is: The steps include determining the target vehicle that needs to receive the feedback optical signal, The process includes the step of transmitting a second beam to an optical fiber ring network via a first optical fiber interface, After transmitting the second beam to the optical fiber ring network via the first optical fiber interface, A step to determine whether the target vehicle successfully acquired the second beam, If NO, the further step is to transmit the second beam through the second optical fiber interface to the optical fiber ring network by controlling the second optical fiber interface in the vehicle to be set to conduction mode.

[0039] To ensure the normal transmission of beam and carrier optical signals, in this application, the second optical fiber interface of the main vehicle becomes a virtual break, so the optical fiber ring network changes to a linear structure, allowing communication between the two vehicle processors in only one direction. When the two processors communicate, if a processor between them is disconnected, the optical fiber ring network is disconnected again, changing to a two-linear structure, and communication between the two processors becomes impossible. If a virtual break in the optical fiber interface already exists, this corresponds to a real circuit break failure, resulting in no communication. Based on this, after a real circuit break failure occurs, the second optical fiber interface of the main vehicle is restored to a normal conducting state, for example, by closing a selector switch on the second optical fiber interface or reducing the input resistance. This restores the second optical fiber interface from a virtual break to a normal conducting state, and at this time, the optical fiber ring network returns from a two-linear structure to a one-linear structure. At this time, changing the transmission direction of each processor restores communication between any two processors on either side of the disconnected processor. Based on this, the normal transmission of beam and carrier optical signals can be guaranteed.

[0040] Refer to Figure 5, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device provided in this application. Memory 21 for storing computer programs, The computer program includes a processor 22 that implements the steps of the above communication method when executed.

[0041] For a detailed description of the communication device provided in this application, please refer to the above-described embodiment of the communication method; this application will not elaborate further here.

[0042] Referring to Figure 6, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication system provided in this application, which includes the above-mentioned communication device 32, Optical fiber 35 that constitutes an optical fiber ring network, An optical transceiver 31 acquires a first beam in the optical fiber ring network via the optical fiber 35 and transmits it to the communication device 32, and transmits a second beam emitted from the communication device 32 via the optical fiber 35 to the optical fiber ring network, The system further includes a signal interaction module 34 that transmits the carrier optical signal transmitted by the communication device 32 to the train communication equipment on the train, and transmits the communication data generated by the train communication equipment based on the carrier optical signal back to the communication device 32.

[0043] For a detailed description of the communication system provided in this application, please refer to the above-described embodiment of the communication method; this application will not elaborate further here.

[0044] To ensure normal communication of train communication equipment, in this application, the processor interacts with the train communication equipment via a signal interaction module 34, that is, it interacts with the carrier optical signal and the feedback optical signal, and the processor acquires a beam in the optical fiber ring network via an optical transceiver 31. Multiple optical transceivers 31 are installed, with one of them designated as the main optical transceiver 31, and in a normal operating scenario, the other optical transceivers 31 are idled, and the objective is achieved that the communication device 32 acquires a first beam from the optical fiber ring network and transmits a second beam to the optical fiber ring network using only the main optical transceiver 31. If the circuit in the main optical transceiver 31 is disconnected or the main optical transceiver 31 malfunctions, the communication device 32 is unable to perform data interaction with the optical fiber ring network via the main optical transceiver 31. In such cases, one of the other idle optical transceivers 31 is used as the new main optical transceiver 31. Furthermore, when configuring the optical fiber ring network, multiple optical transceivers 31 are placed on both sides of each vehicle to communicate with the adjacent vehicles on both sides of the vehicle. Based on this, by arranging multiple optical transceivers 31 and using a backup optical transceiver 31 as the new main optical transceiver 31 when the main optical transceiver 31 malfunctions, the normal communication of the train communication equipment can be guaranteed.

[0045] Based on the above examples, As a preferred embodiment, The system further includes a photoelectric conversion module 33 provided between the communication device 32 and the signal interaction module 34, which converts a carrier optical signal in optical signal form transmitted by the communication device 32 into a carrier optical signal in electrical signal form and transmits it to the signal interaction module 34, and converts communication data in electrical signal form transmitted by the signal interaction module 34 into a feedback optical signal in optical signal form and transmits it to the communication device 32.

[0046] In order for train communication equipment to properly receive carrier optical signals, considering the differences in model numbers and types of train communication equipment actually in use, some train communication equipment itself may not be able to perform the photoelectric conversion step and may not be able to acquire the carrier optical signal transmitted by the communication device 32. Based on this, a photoelectric conversion module 33 may be placed between the communication device 32 and the signal interaction module 34. The signal interaction module 34 also changes from the original optical signal transmission to electrical signal transmission. When the communication device 32 transmits a carrier optical signal to the train communication equipment, it first converts it into an electrical signal by the photoelectric conversion module 33 and transmits it to the signal interaction module 34, and then transmits the electrical signal to the train communication equipment via the signal interaction module 34. Similarly, after the train communication equipment acquires the carrier optical signal in electrical signal form, it generates a feedback signal. After the signal interaction module 34 receives the feedback signal, it transmits it to the photoelectric conversion module 33, which converts it into an optical signal, i.e., a feedback optical signal, and then transmits it to the communication device 32. Based on this, even train communication equipment that cannot perform photoelectric conversion can receive carrier optical signals normally through photoelectric conversion.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment, the photoelectric conversion module 33 is It includes a photoelectric converter and a differential conversion module, The photoelectric converter converts the carrier optical signal in optical signal form transmitted by the communication device 32 into a first difference signal in electrical signal form, and converts the second difference signal in electrical signal form transmitted by the difference conversion module into a feedback optical signal in optical signal form and transmits it to the communication device 32. The differential conversion module converts the first differential signal in electrical signal form into a carrier optical signal in electrical signal form and transmits it to the signal interaction module 34. The signal interaction module 34 then converts the transmitted communication data in electrical signal form into a second differential signal in electrical signal form.

[0048] To ensure normal photoelectric conversion, in this application, assuming that some photoelectric converters can only convert differential signals, and that the form of the electrical signal converted by the photoelectric converter is generally a differential signal, it is necessary to arrange photoelectric converters and differential conversion modules so that all photoelectric converters can perform photoelectric conversion on the feedback signal transmitted from the train communication equipment. The photoelectric converter performs conversion between optical signals and electrical signals, that is, converting a carrier optical signal in optical signal form to an electrical signal form, or converting a feedback signal in electrical signal form to an optical signal form. The differential conversion module further converts the carrier optical signal or feedback signal. Specifically, when the photoelectric conversion module 33 converts a carrier optical signal in optical signal form to an electrical signal form, the electrical signal it outputs may belong to a high-speed differential signal. In this case, the differential conversion module needs to convert it to a normal carrier optical signal in low-speed electrical signal form before transmitting it to the train communication equipment. Similarly, when the train communication equipment transmits a feedback signal in electrical signal form, the differential conversion module first converts the feedback signal in electrical signal form to a differential signal and transmits it to the photoelectric converter to perform photoelectric conversion. When the differential conversion module performs differential conversion, it specifically converts between a multi-channel feedback signal and a low-channel high-speed differential signal. Refer to Figure 7, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the differential conversion module provided in this application. When it is necessary to convert an electrical signal generated by train communication equipment into an optical signal, first, the signal interaction module acquires the electrical signal from the train communication equipment via the electrical signal interface. Then, the MAC (Multiple Access Channel) module determines the number of channels in the electrical signal, the Switch module decomposes the electrical signal into multiple single-channel signals and fuses them into a differential signal with fewer channels. Furthermore, one differential signal is output via the MAC module on the right and transmitted to the photoelectric conversion module via the SerDes interface. For example, one 4-channel feedback signal is decomposed into four single-channel signals and then fused into one 2-channel differential signal, thereby achieving the purpose of differential conversion.Based on this, by adding a differential conversion module, we can guarantee proper photoelectric conversion.

[0049] This application further provides a train, including multiple carriages, and further includes the above-mentioned communication system. Communication systems will be installed in each vehicle.

[0050] For a detailed description of the train provided in this application, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiment of the communication method, and this application will not elaborate further here.

[0051] Each example in this specification is described in a progressive manner, with each example primarily describing its differences from the others, and similar or identical parts between the examples should be referenced to one another. Since the apparatus disclosed in an example corresponds to the method disclosed in the example, its description is straightforward, and for that, refer to the description of the method.

[0052] Furthermore, in this specification, relational terms such as the first and second are merely for distinguishing one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is an actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The terms “include,” “incorporate,” or any other variation are intended to include non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or apparatus containing a set of elements not only includes those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or even elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, the elements limited by the phrase “include XX” do not preclude that a process, method, article, or apparatus containing such elements may contain other identical elements.

Claims

1. A communication method, applied to a processor in any car of a train, wherein the processor is connected to an optical fiber ring network, and the communication method is The steps include acquiring a first beam in the optical fiber ring network, and acquiring all carrier optical signals containing communication data in the first beam, The steps include determining the carrier optical signal necessary for train communication equipment in the vehicle where the processor is located, The steps include: transmitting the carrier optical signal necessary for the train communication equipment to the train communication equipment so that the train communication equipment generates a feedback optical signal based on the carrier optical signal; A communication method characterized by comprising the step of combining the feedback optical signal and all of the carrier optical signals unnecessary for the train communication equipment as a second beam, and transmitting the second beam to the optical fiber ring network.

2. The steps of determining the carrier optical signal required for the train communication equipment in the vehicle where the processor is located, and transmitting the carrier optical signal required for the train communication equipment to the train communication equipment, A step of determining the first wavelength of each of the carrier optical signals, The steps include determining the second wavelength of the carrier optical signal required for the train communication equipment, The communication method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the step of transmitting to the train communication equipment a carrier optical signal among the carrier optical signals in which the first wavelength and the second wavelength match.

3. The step of acquiring all carrier optical signals containing communication data in the first beam is: The communication method according to claim 2, characterized in that it includes the step of decomposing the first beam into each of the carrier optical signals based on the correspondence between a predetermined wavelength and communication data.

4. The step of decomposing the first beam into each of the carrier optical signals is: The process includes the step of decomposing the first beam into each of the carrier optical signals by wavelength division demultiplexing, The step of combining the feedback optical signal and all of the carrier optical signals unnecessary for the train communication equipment as a second beam is: The communication method according to claim 3, characterized in that it includes the step of combining the feedback optical signal and all of the carrier optical signals unnecessary for the train communication equipment as a second beam by wavelength division multiplexing.

5. If the optical fiber in the optical fiber ring network is a multi-core optical fiber, the step of combining the feedback optical signal and all the carrier optical signals unnecessary for the train communication equipment as a second beam and transmitting the second beam to the optical fiber ring network is: The steps include determining a first identifier corresponding to each optical fiber in the optical fiber ring network, The steps include determining a second identifier corresponding to the feedback optical signal and a third identifier corresponding to all of the carrier optical signals that are not required for the train communication equipment, The steps include combining the carrier optical signal and the feedback optical signal from among the carrier optical signals, where the third identifier and the second identifier match, as the second beam, The communication method according to claim 1, comprising the step of transmitting the second beam to the optical fiber ring network via the optical fiber through which the first identifier and the second identifier match.

6. The vehicle further includes a first optical fiber interface and a second optical fiber interface, the first optical fiber interface being connected to the second optical fiber interface of one adjacent vehicle by the optical fiber ring network, the second optical fiber interface being connected to the first optical fiber interface of another adjacent vehicle by the optical fiber ring network, and before acquiring all carrier optical signals containing communication data in the first beam, The communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising the step of setting the second optical fiber interface of the vehicle to virtual break mode and proceeding to the step of acquiring all carrier optical signals containing communication data in the first beam.

7. The step of transmitting the second beam to the optical fiber ring network is: The steps include determining a target vehicle that needs to receive the aforementioned feedback optical signal, The process includes the step of transmitting the second beam to the optical fiber ring network via the first optical fiber interface, After transmitting the second beam to the optical fiber ring network via the first optical fiber interface, The steps include determining whether the target vehicle successfully acquired the second beam, The communication method according to claim 6, further comprising the step of, if NO, controlling the second optical fiber interface in the vehicle to be set to a conduction mode, thereby transmitting the second beam through the second optical fiber interface to the optical fiber ring network.

8. A communication device, Memory for storing computer programs, A communication device comprising a processor that, upon execution of the computer program, realizes the steps of the communication method described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

9. A communication system, which includes the communication device described in claim 8, Optical fiber ring network is composed of optical fibers, An optical transceiver that acquires a first beam in the optical fiber ring network via the optical fiber and transmits it to the communication device, and transmits a second beam emitted by the communication device to the optical fiber ring network via the optical fiber, A communication system further comprising: a signal interaction module that transmits a carrier optical signal transmitted by the communication device to a train communication device in the train, and transmits communication data generated by the train communication device based on the carrier optical signal to the communication device.

10. The communication system according to claim 9, further comprising a photoelectric conversion module provided between the communication device and the signal interaction module, wherein the photoelectric conversion module converts a carrier optical signal in optical signal form transmitted by the communication device into a carrier optical signal in electrical signal form and transmits it to the signal interaction module, and converts the communication data in electrical signal form transmitted by the signal interaction module into a feedback optical signal in optical signal form and transmits it to the communication device.

11. The aforementioned photoelectric conversion module is It includes a photoelectric converter and a differential conversion module, The photoelectric converter converts the carrier optical signal in optical signal form transmitted by the communication device into a first difference signal in electrical signal form, and converts the second difference signal in electrical signal form transmitted by the difference conversion module into the feedback optical signal in optical signal form and transmits it to the communication device. The communication system according to claim 10, characterized in that the difference conversion module converts the first difference signal in electrical signal form into a carrier optical signal in electrical signal form and transmits it to the signal interaction module, and the signal interaction module converts the communication data in electrical signal form transmitted into the second difference signal in electrical signal form.

12. A train, which includes a plurality of cars, and includes the communication system described in claim 9, The train is characterized in that the aforementioned communication system is installed in each of the vehicles.

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