Water-cooled grid block for incinerators

Abstract

The cooling grate block (1), which is part of a grate in a facility for thermally treating waste, comprises a block body (3) formed as a casting and having an outer support surface (7) for the waste to be treated, a flat cavity (50) arranged directly below the outer support surface (7) for receiving a cooling fluid, a fluid supply pipe (52) and a fluid discharge pipe (54) connected to the flat cavity (50), at least one diverting member (66) arranged in the flat cavity (50) for guiding the cooling fluid in the flat cavity (50) from the fluid supply pipe (52) to the fluid discharge pipe (54), and a distributor element (74) arranged in a front region (11) of the flat cavity (50) for distributing the cooling fluid supplied into the flat cavity (50) via the fluid supply pipe (52).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Grates used for industrial-scale incineration of waste have long been known to those skilled in the art. Such grates can exist, for example, in the form of a feed grate that includes a movable part suitable for performing a stoker reciprocating motion. In this case, the incineration waste is conveyed from the inlet end to the outlet end of the grate and is incinerated during this process. In order to supply oxygen required for combustion to the grate, corresponding air supply passages penetrating the grate are provided, and air, also called primary air, is introduced through these passages.

Background Art

[0002] A frequently used grate is the so-called stepped grate. This includes grate blocks juxtaposed with each other to form respective grate rows. In this case, the rows of grate blocks are arranged vertically above and below each other in a stepped manner. In the case of a so-called feed grate, the front end of the grate block, when viewed in the feed direction, rests on the mounting surface of the adjacent (located below it) grate block in the conveying direction and moves on the mounting surface in the corresponding feeding operation.

[0003] The grate blocks are generally subject to relatively high wear by the incineration waste conveyed through the grate blocks. In the front region of each grate block, the incineration waste is dropped from the mounting surface over the corresponding dropping edge (also called the nose) onto the mounting surface of the subsequent or adjacent grate block located below. In this case, precisely at the front end of this mounting surface, the mechanical wear by the incineration waste is very large.

[0004] The grate blocks are subjected to extremely high thermal loads due to the high temperatures they reach during combustion or within the combustion chamber. While the incinerated material on the grate blocks provides some degree of insulation during normal operation, this thermal load is particularly high in the area of ​​the support surface. However, load peaks occur when the incinerated material is unevenly distributed on the grate, resulting in only thin or no insulating layer in some areas. This thermal load further damages the support surface by accelerating erosion due to wear and chemical reactions occurring therein. All of this ultimately leads to a shortened lifespan of the grate blocks.

[0005] To reduce the heat load, the grate block is typically cooled from below, i.e., on the side opposite to the combustion of the grate, with a coolant or refrigerant. Water or air is usually used as the coolant, hence the terms "air-cooled" grate block or "water-cooled" grate block are also commonly used. The type of cooling or coolant supply has been the subject of numerous patent applications or patents.

[0006] Patent Document 1 discloses a water-cooled grate element made of cast steel equipped with a deflecting member that forms a meandering water guide channel. The drawback of such a water guide is that the coolant does not come into contact with the upper wall directly above the deflecting member, and therefore cannot carry away the heat generated by combustion, thus impairing the cooling capacity in that area. As a result, so-called "hot spots" are formed in these areas.

[0007] Patent documents 2 and 3 disclose a grate rod equipped with cooling coils extending parallel to the combustion surface and the front wall.

[0008] Patent Document 4 discloses a cooled grid block in which the cooling pipes extend perpendicular to the feeding direction and are directed to the outside of the grid block by a holding member.

[0009] With conventional cooling methods using cooling ducts and cooling pipes, the entire combustion surface is never covered, thus exacerbating the occurrence of the aforementioned "hot spots."

[0010] To achieve the highest possible cooling capacity, the focus is on maximizing the surface area available for heat exchange. Furthermore, in the case of liquid coolants, it is crucial that the coolant flow is as uniform as possible. Otherwise, turbulence and bubbles will form in the cooling tubes, reducing the cooling capacity of the grid block. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0011] [Patent Document 1] European Patent No. 1760400(Bl) [Patent Document 2] German Patent Application Publication No. 102015101356(Al) Specification [Patent Document 3] European Patent No. 1315936(Bl) [Patent Document 4] European Patent No. 0811803(Bl) [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0012] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a grid block that eliminates the drawbacks of the prior art, maximizes the proportion of the surface area that is cooled, and at the same time reduces the generation of turbulence in the coolant flow, thereby further improving the cooling performance. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] The above problems are solved according to the present invention by the lattice block described in claim 1 and the fire grate described in claim 16. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the dependent claims.

[0014] The present invention relates to a cooled grate block, which is part of a grate for equipment for heat-treating waste. In this grate, the grate blocks are typically arranged vertically in a stepped manner and configured to re-stack and transport the incinerator during combustion by a relatively feasible feeding motion. In this case, the grate block according to the present invention includes a block body formed as a cast, having a top wall. The top wall forms an outer mounting surface for the waste to be treated, extending at least partially parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the block body. Furthermore, the grate block according to the present invention includes a flat cavity for receiving a cooling fluid, located directly below the outer mounting surface. The flat cavity is defined on its top surface by the top wall, its front surface by the front wall, its bottom surface by the base, its rear surface by the rear wall, and its sides by the side walls, the base being at least partially formed by a bottom plate. Furthermore, the grate block according to the present invention each includes a fluid supply pipe and a fluid discharge pipe connected to the cavity, as well as at least one deflecting member located within the cavity to guide the cooling fluid in the cavity from the fluid supply pipe to the fluid discharge pipe. The front region of the cavity of the grid block according to the present invention further includes a distributor element for distributing the cooling fluid supplied into the cavity via a fluid supply pipe.

[0015] Preferably, at least one deflection member is located within the cavity in the rear region of the rear wall.

[0016] In the context of this invention, a grid block that moves up and down relative to each other in a step-like manner is defined as a grid block on a fire grate arranged like steps of an ascending or descending staircase.

[0017] The term "feeding motions that are feasible relative to each other" is understood to mean feeding motions performed in the direction of incineration or in the opposite direction. Therefore, in a stepped grate, the direction of incineration is parallel to the inclination or slope of the grate.

[0018] The "longitudinal axis of the grid block" means an axis that is parallel to the axis of the stepped fire grate, that is, extends from the front wall to the rear wall of the grid block, and thus extends parallel to the feeding direction of the waste to be processed. When the grid block is aligned such that the longitudinal axis and the width axis extending at a right angle thereto are arranged in the horizontal plane, the front wall is preferably arranged at least substantially in a vertical plane.

[0019] In the context of the present application, the "placement surface" is understood to be the outer upper surface of the grid block, that is, the surface that is arranged on the opposite side to the cavity and on which the waste (incinerated material) intended for heat treatment is placed. As described at the beginning, it is known that this placement surface in an incineration facility is subject to a high heat load and is prone to erosion and adhesion of combustion products

[0020] <​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​In the context of the present invention, the distributor element is defined as an obstacle configured to enable restriction of flow and / or change of direction, and thus distribution of the incoming cooling fluid. The distribution of the cooling fluid preferably takes place before or within the area where the cooling fluid enters the flat cavity. In this case, the distributor element can have various different shapes, as will be described in detail below.

[0025] The lattice block according to the present invention has the advantage that it can uniformly distribute the cooling fluid flowing into the cavity over the width of the cavity for the distributor element, compared to the prior art. Thereby, the generation of turbulent flow and bubbles of the cooling fluid can be reduced or even completely prevented, which leads to an improvement in the cooling capacity of the lattice block. The increase in the cooling capacity results in a reduction of the heat load and wear of the lattice block, and furthermore, the amount of combustion residue adhering to the lattice block is reduced, so that there is an advantage that the frequency of cleaning and maintenance is reduced. This ultimately leads to fewer maintenance operations and enables the incineration facility to be operated economically.

[0026] As described above, there is usually no piping in the flat cavity that may impede the uniform distribution of the cooling fluid in the cavity and thus reduce the cooling capacity.

[0027] Preferably, the distributor element extends at least partially along an extending widthwise axis that runs at least approximately parallel to the front wall. This makes it possible to regularly distribute the cooling fluid across the width of the flat cavity (or compartments of the flat cavity).

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the lattice block, the flat cavity is connected to a front-side chamber. The above-mentioned chamber preferably extends substantially parallel to the front wall and preferably over at least half the length of the front wall. Preferably, the inflow of the cooling fluid into the flat cavity or the outflow of the cooling fluid from the flat cavity is configured to take place via the chamber. Such an embodiment is shown in the accompanying Figure 2.

[0029] The flat cavity and chamber are preferably connected to each other via a plurality of inlet holes. This preferably allows for pre-distribution of the cooling fluid before it hits the distributor element, thereby contributing to better distribution of the cooling fluid within the flat cavity.

[0030] Furthermore, by introducing a cooling fluid into the cavity via a chamber, the front wall, often referred to as the nose, can also be cooled. Although the heat load on the front wall is usually slightly less than that on the mounting surface, cooling the front wall can prevent the accumulation of flue ash and other combustion products.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the grid block, the flat cavity has a partition wall extending from the base to the top wall. This partition wall preferably extends from the front wall toward the rear wall of the cavity, and preferably forms a passage in the region of the rear wall so that the cavity is divided into two fluidly connected compartments.

[0032] Due to the partition, the fluid flow preferably flows through a first compartment of the cavity, which extends from the front wall along the longitudinal axis for a desired length of the cavity. In the region of the rear wall, the fluid flow is guided through a passage, thereby changing direction and flowing in the opposite direction, i.e., towards the front wall, through a second compartment adjacent to the first compartment. Furthermore, because the partition ensures that the rear region of the cavity is also sufficiently supplied with fresh cooling fluid, cooling capacity is also guaranteed in these regions.

[0033] In known water-cooled grid blocks, it has been observed that air can be carried into the cavity by the cooling fluid flow and may remain as trapped air in corners or hard-to-reach areas. Because air has a lower density than water, the trapped air that may occur mainly accumulates on the upper surface of the cooling chamber, where the thermal conductivity of air is much lower than that of water, leading to a decrease in the cooling capacity of the grid block. Therefore, the grid block according to the present invention preferably includes at least one exhaust port for exhausting the cavity or compartment to carry away such potential trapped air from the grid block, in the case of a liquid cooling fluid. At the same time, exhausting the cavity or compartment prevents air from being carried by the cooling fluid along the entire length of the fluid flow.

[0034] If the cavity is divided into compartments by a partition wall, it is preferable that the exhaust port be formed within the partition wall, preferably in the front wall region, in order to allow exhaust of the compartment created by the cavity or partition wall.

[0035] The diameter of the exhaust port is preferably 2 to 12 mm, and particularly preferably 4 to 5 mm. With this size, the grid block including the exhaust port can be manufactured by a known casting process.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the grid block, the partition wall extends at least substantially parallel to one of the side walls and is preferably located in the center of the cavity. In this embodiment, the partition wall thus divides the flat cavity into at least two compartments of substantially the same size. This ensures that the fluid flow passes uniformly through the cavity or compartment and is not accelerated or decelerated by changes in the shape of the cavity or compartment. This prevents turbulence from being generated by the acceleration or deceleration of the fluid flow within the cavity or compartment.

[0037] The fluid supply pipe and fluid discharge pipe are preferably connected to a flat cavity in the front wall region. By connecting the fluid supply pipe and fluid discharge pipe to a cavity in the front region or front side region, as much space as possible is created below the block body.

[0038] Preferably, both the fluid supply pipe and the fluid discharge pipe have an inner diameter of 20 to 32 mm, preferably 22 to 30 mm, and particularly preferably 26 to 28 mm. This pipe diameter size has the advantage that, compared to the normal circulation rate of the cooling fluid, a flow rate is obtained in which the flow automatically exhausts the entire pipe system of the grid block, including the cavity. Depending on the embodiment, the distributor element may extend across the entire width of the cavity or only to a portion of it.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the grid block, the distributor element is configured such that only a limited flow rate of cooling fluid can pass alongside or over the distributor element, enabling uniform distribution of the cooling fluid within the cavity. By uniformly distributing the cooling fluid flow in this way, turbulence and bubble formation of the coolant are reduced or prevented, thereby improving cooling performance.

[0040] In a specific preferred embodiment, the cooling fluid flowing in through the fluid supply pipe first strikes a distributor element, thereby calming the turbulence. In this case, the water is able to flow through the opening of the distributor element (if present), over the distributor element, or around the distributor element.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of the grid block, the distributor elements are formed in the form of blocking plates or baffle plates. Another preferred embodiment includes distributor elements formed as bumps, screens, perforated plates, or crossbars. In this case, the longitudinal axis of the distributor element is preferably extended substantially parallel to the front wall.

[0042] If the distributor element is formed as a bump, this means that the distributor element has a hill-like or jump-pad-like cross-section in the width direction, i.e., parallel to the front wall. As a result, the cooling fluid flows over the distributor element perpendicular to the front wall and in the opposite direction to the movement of the incinerator.

[0043] In the case of a perforated plate, it is understood that the distributor element here consists of a plate having a front face facing the fluid flow, with at least one opening through which the fluid flow passes.

[0044] In the case of a crossbar, the distributor element is understood to form a wall or crossbar over which the cooling fluid can flow. In this case, it is preferable that the crossbar extends along the entire width of the grid block, at least substantially parallel to the front wall.

[0045] As described above, the distributor element enables the uniform distribution of the cooling fluid flow across as much of the cavity's width as possible, and across the width of the compartments if the cavity has compartments. By uniformly distributing the cooling fluid flow in this way, turbulence and bubble formation of the cooling fluid can be reduced and prevented, thereby increasing the cooling capacity. Distribution usually takes place in the region where the cooling fluid enters the cavity and can be achieved by a distributor element formed in a simple shape. The distributor element is preferably cast together, but it can also be inserted later as a separate part.

[0046] Furthermore, the distributor element extends in the width direction, preferably across at least the width of the opening cross-section of the fluid supply pipe.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the grid block, the distributor element is connected to the base and / or the top surface to the top wall. When the distributor element is designed as a crossbar, it is preferable that the distributor element, together with the top wall and / or base, forms a slot-shaped fluid flow port. Particularly preferable, the fluid flow port is formed between the upper edge of the crossbar and the top wall. In this case, the inner width of the fluid flow port is preferably 1 to 15 mm, more preferably 2 to 10 mm, and most preferably 3 to 6 mm.

[0048] With regard to the uniform distribution of the cooling fluid flow entering the cavity, the above embodiment, in which the distributor element is a crossbar having the characteristics described above, has been found to be particularly effective.

[0049] In another preferred embodiment of the grid block, the distributor element is located in the opening region of at least one inlet pipe. Turbulence of the cooling fluid has been observed to occur particularly frequently at the inlet to the cavity, i.e., in the opening region of the inlet pipe. Since the heat load is particularly high in the front region of the grid block, the reduction in cooling capacity due to air sealing has a double negative effect there. Placing the distributor element in the opening region of the inlet pipe allows for rapid sedation as the cooling fluid enters the cavity.

[0050] The distributor element preferably has a bump-shaped, jump-pad-shaped, or hill-shaped obstacle that restricts or changes the direction of the cooling fluid flow from the fluid supply pipe. In this case, the distributor element preferably has a height of 5 to 15 mm, particularly preferably 8 to 12 mm, and most preferably 10 mm, and a width of 20 to 40 mm, particularly preferably 25 to 35 mm, and most preferably 30 mm.

[0051] It has been found that combining knob-shaped, jump-pad-shaped, or hill-shaped distributor elements in the opening region of the inlet pipe is most effective in distributing the cooling fluid flow within the cavity. Furthermore, such distributor elements can be easily manufactured using known casting processes, and are therefore preferable.

[0052] When the distributor element is formed as a crossbar, it is preferable that the distributor element has an area that is at least 50% of the vertical cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity or each compartment.

[0053] The crossbar is preferably 2mm to 10mm thick and 50mm to 250mm long.

[0054] When the distributor element is formed as a crossbar, it is preferable that the distributor element extends over at least 50%, preferably at least 75%, and particularly preferably at least 90% of the width of the cavity or each compartment.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment of the lattice block, the top wall and / or front wall have at least one air intake. This air intake allows additional air to be supplied to the combustion chamber to ensure optimal combustion. The air intake can expand concentrically (volcanic) downwards from the top wall, thereby preventing the air intake from becoming clogged with heat-treated waste. Such volcanic air intakes are preferably located within the top wall. Furthermore, the air intakes preferably have an elliptical opening cross-section with a diameter of 33-45 mm and a diameter of 4-12 mm. Moreover, the air intakes preferably expand at an angle of 18-22° toward the bottom plate, with a minor axis of 22-28 mm.

[0056] The block body is preferably manufactured as a single casting and preferably includes a portion of the base. A bottom plate, which at least partially forms the base, is preferably welded to the block body, thereby limiting the cavity. That is, a portion of the base is preferably formed as an integral part of the block body, and the cavity is further at least partially limited on the base side by the bottom plate. This allows the casting to be cast in a single step, and then the bottom plate can be fixed, preferably welded, to form the cavity, thus making it easy to manufacture the cavity. Such a manufacturing method for the block body is very convenient and allows the block body to have a particularly long lifespan and require little maintenance. Those skilled in the art will know that the casting can be further processed, for example, using a blasting agent, before fixing the bottom plate.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment of the grid block, the cavity extends over at least two-thirds of the length of the mounting surface. More preferably, the cavity extends over at least three-quarters of the width of the mounting surface. This ensures that the largest possible area can be utilized for heat exchange.

[0058] The cavity should preferably cover at least the surface on which the waste to be processed is placed, so as not to leave any uncooled surfaces on the block body that are subjected to the heat load.

[0059] The cooling fluid preferably has a temperature of 20 to 140°C during the operation of the grid block, i.e., during the incineration of high-heat waste such as household or industrial waste, thereby achieving a maximum operating temperature of 250°C for the grid block. Furthermore, closed-circuit water is preferably used as the cooling fluid to prevent the introduction of oxygen and, consequently, the occurrence of corrosion. When water is used as the cooling fluid, it is preferable that the water contains no lime or only a small amount of lime.

[0060] The present invention further relates to a fire grate comprising the above-mentioned plurality of grating blocks.

[0061] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to several embodiments shown in the figures. Where alternative embodiments differ only in individual features, the same reference numerals are used for the same features. The figures are purely illustrative. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0062] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a grid block according to the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a flat cavity. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the grid block shown in Figure 1, which has the flat cavity shown in Figure 2. [Figure 4a] Figure 4a is a longitudinal section along the longitudinal axis L passing through one embodiment of the front region of the block body shown in Figure 1. [Figure 4b] Figure 4b is a longitudinal section along the longitudinal axis L passing through one embodiment of the front region of the block body shown in Figure 1. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is a longitudinal section along the width axis Q passing through one embodiment of the front region of the block body shown in Figure 1. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is a longitudinal section along the longitudinal axis L passing through one embodiment of the block body shown in Figure 1. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0063] The grid block 1 according to the present invention, shown in Figure 1, is used for the heat treatment of waste, which is incinerated material (not shown), that is moved or transported on a grate in the direction of movement B. The grid block 1 includes a block body 3 having an upper wall 5 and side walls 6. The upper wall 5 has an outer mounting surface 7 that extends from the rear region 9 of the block body 3 to the front region 11 of the block body 3 along the longitudinal axis L of the grid block 1. Furthermore, the block body 3 has a rounded overhang 13 (hereinafter referred to as the nose) in the front region 11 that connects the front region 11 to the front wall 15.

[0064] In a grating configuration (not shown) in which multiple individual grating blocks 1 are arranged vertically in a stepped manner, the sliding surface 17 adjacent to the front wall 15 rests on the outer mounting surface 7 of another grating block (not shown). The heat-treated waste is transported in the direction of movement B by a feeding motion performed relative to each other. For this purpose, the sliding surface 17 slides on the outer mounting surface 7 of the grating block (not shown) located below it. The relative feeding motion is performed along the longitudinal axis L and is driven by a drive device (not shown) that transmits the motion to the block body via a holding part 19. In such a grating configuration, multiple grating blocks can be positioned side by side, and the side walls 6 of grating block 1 are adjacent to the side walls of other grating blocks.

[0065] The block body 3 has air intake holes 21 and 23 located in the front wall 15 and the upper wall 5, through which air can be supplied to the heat-treated waste to promote combustion. Embodiments without air intake holes are also conceivable but are not shown here. The air intake holes 23 in the upper wall 5 are preferably formed as through passages that expand downwards, so that even if a portion of the waste to be treated passes through, it will not get stuck inside the holes and become immobile.

[0066] The block body 3 further includes a flat cavity 50. As shown in Figure 2, the flat cavity 50 is confined by a base 51 and a bottom plate 53 on the side opposite the upper wall 5 of the block body 3. In this case, the flat cavity 50 further has a fluid supply pipe 52 and a fluid discharge pipe 54, which are connected to a chamber 56, respectively. The chamber 56 extends substantially parallel to the front wall 15 (Figure 1) and is connected to the flat cavity 50 via an inlet hole 58. The flat cavity 50 further includes a partition wall 60. The partition wall 60 extends from the front wall (reference numeral 15 in Figure 1) toward the rear wall 68 (Figure 3) to form a passage 64, dividing the flat cavity 50 into two compartments 62.

[0067] Figure 3 is a view from below of the cross-section of the grid block 1 in Figure 1, in relation to the flat cavity 50 described in Figure 2. The bottom plate 53 in Figure 2 that defines the flat cavity 50 is omitted here. The flat cavity 50 includes a deflection member 66 that changes the direction of the fluid flow from the fluid supply pipe 52 (Figure 2) to the fluid discharge pipe 54 (Figure 2). Figure 3 also shows that a certain flat cavity 50 is defined in the rear region 9 of the block body 3 by the side wall 6 and the rear wall 68. Furthermore, Figure 3 shows that the air supply hole 23 penetrates the flat cavity 50 from the top wall.

[0068] Figures 4a and 4b show a longitudinal section of the block body of Figure 1 along the longitudinal axis L passing through the front region where the air intake hole 21 is provided in the front wall 15. Furthermore, it can be seen that the partition wall 60 dividing the flat cavity 50 has an opening 70, which serves to exhaust the compartment 62 created by the partition wall 60. The inlet hole 58 includes a distributor element 74 formed as a bump-shaped or hill-shaped obstacle in the opening region 72 facing the flat cavity 50. The fluid flow introduced into the flat cavity 50 through the inlet hole 58 is distributed by the distributor element 74, so that turbulence that would lead to the generation of bubbles or gases, and consequently a decrease in cooling capacity, is not formed within the flat cavity 50. The base 51 limits the flat cavity 50 downwards. The bottom plate 53 in Figure 2 is not shown, but it will be connected to the base in the longitudinal direction L. The distributor element 74 could also be formed as a crossbar (not shown) instead of a bump-shaped or hill-shaped obstacle.

[0069] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the front wall 15 having the chamber 56 shown in Figure 2, with a fluid supply pipe 52 and a fluid discharge pipe 54 opening into the chamber 56. In this case, the cooling fluid flows into the chamber 56 through the fluid supply pipe 52 and is distributed through an inlet hole 58 in the cavity (not shown). After passing through the cavity, the cooling fluid flows into the chamber 56' through the inlet hole 58' and flows out of the block body 3 through the fluid discharge pipe 54. In this case, the fluid discharge pipe 54 may be connected to another fluid supply pipe of another block body (not shown).

[0070] The illustrated block body has a longitudinal length L of 400 to 800 mm, preferably 500 to 750 mm, and particularly preferably 650 to 700 mm. The illustrated block body has a width Q of 280 to 500 mm, preferably 320 to 460 mm, and particularly preferably 380 to 420 mm. The illustrated block body has a height of 100 to 200 mm, preferably 130 to 180 mm, and particularly preferably 150 to 160 mm. The block body is preferably made of low-alloy or high-alloy cast steel. Low-alloy or high-alloy cast steel contains additional alloying elements such as chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, and tungsten in varying proportions compared to non-alloy cast steel. The block body is preferably manufactured by casting or injection molding. The inlet hole is preferably 12 to 28 mm in diameter, and particularly preferably 16 to 22 mm in diameter.

[0071] Figure 6 shows a longitudinal section of the block body 3 in Figure 1 along the longitudinal axis L, and the distributor element in the front region 76 of the flat cavity 50 is not shown. The base 51 is formed as an integral part of the block body 3 and, together with the bottom plate 53, limits the flat cavity 50 downwards. Furthermore, the flat cavity 50 is partitioned by a rear wall 68 and a front wall 15. In this case, the bottom plate 53 has air intake holes 21, similar to the top wall 5. The air intake holes 21 expand concentrically from the top wall 5 toward the bottom plate 53. The following are some embodiments (configurations) of the present invention. [Aspect 1] A cooling grate block (1) which is part of the grate of equipment for heat-treating waste, The cooling grid blocks (1) are arranged in a stepped manner, one above the other, and are configured to be transported by rearranging the incinerated material during combustion through a relative feeding operation that is feasible for each other. A block body (3) formed as a cast, comprising a block body (3) having an upper wall (5) that extends at least partially parallel to the longitudinal axis (L) of the block body (1) and forms an outer mounting surface (7) for the waste to be processed, A flat cavity (50) for receiving a cooling fluid, positioned directly below the outer mounting surface (7), with its top surface limited by an upper wall (5), its front surface by a front wall (15), its bottom surface by a base (51), its rear surface by a rear wall (68), and its sides by side walls (6), wherein the base (51) is at least partially formed by a bottom plate (53), and the flat cavity (50) A fluid supply pipe (52) and a fluid discharge pipe (54) are connected to the flat cavity (50), At least one deflection member (66) is disposed within the flat cavity (50) to guide the cooling fluid in the flat cavity (50) from the fluid supply pipe (52) to the fluid discharge pipe (54), To distribute the cooling fluid supplied into the flat cavity (50) via the fluid supply pipe (52), a distributor element (74) is provided in the front region (76) of the flat cavity (50), A cooling grid block (1) having the following characteristics. [Aspect 2] The cooling grid block (1) according to embodiment 1, characterized in that the distributor element (74) extends at least partially along a width axis (Q) that runs at least substantially parallel to the front wall (15). [Aspect 3] The cooled grid block (1) according to embodiment 1, characterized in that the flat cavity (50) is connected to a front chamber (56) that extends substantially parallel to the front wall (15), and the cooling fluid flows into or out of the flat cavity (50) through the chamber (56). [Aspect 4] The cooled grid block (1) according to embodiment 3, characterized in that the flat cavity (50) and the chamber (56) are connected to each other via a plurality of inlet holes (58). [Aspect 5] A cooled grid block (1) according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4, characterized in that the flat cavity (50) has a partition wall (60) extending from the base (51) to the upper wall (5), the partition wall (60) extending from the front wall (15) to the rear wall (68) of the flat cavity (50), forming a passage (64) in the region of the rear wall (68), and dividing the flat cavity (50) into two fluidly connected compartments (62). [Aspect 6] The cooling grid block (1) according to embodiment 5, characterized in that the partition wall (60) has an opening (70) in the region of the front wall (15) for exhausting the compartment (62) created by the flat cavity (50) or the partition wall (60). [Aspect 7] The cooling grid block (1) according to embodiment 5 or 6, characterized in that the partition wall (60) extends at least substantially parallel to one of the side walls (6). [Aspect 8] A cooled grid block (1) according to any one of embodiments 1 to 6, characterized in that the fluid supply pipe (52) and the fluid discharge pipe (54) are connected to the flat cavity (50) in the region of the front wall (15). [Aspect 9] The cooling grid block (1) according to any one of embodiments 1 to 8, characterized in that the distributor element (74) is preferably formed in the form of a bump, gap, perforated plate or crossbar and extends at least substantially parallel to the front wall (15). [Aspect 10] The cooling grid block (1) according to any one of embodiments 4 to 9, characterized in that the distributor element (74) is located in the opening region (72) of at least one inlet hole (58). [Aspect 11] The cooling grid block (1) according to any one of embodiments 1 to 10, characterized in that the distributor element (74) has a dike-like or hill-like projection that restricts or deflects the flow of the cooling fluid from the fluid supply pipe (52). [Aspect 12] A cooled grid block (1) according to any one of embodiments 1 to 11, characterized in that the distributor element (74) is configured to allow only a limited flow rate of the cooling fluid to pass through the distributor element (74) in order to enable uniform distribution of the cooling fluid in the flat cavity (50). [Aspect 13] A cooling grid block (1) according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12, characterized in that the upper wall (5) and / or the front wall (15) have at least one air intake hole (21, 23). [Aspect 14] A cooled grid block (1) according to any one of embodiments 1 to 13, characterized in that the block body (3) is manufactured integrally as a casting, and the bottom plate (53) is preferably welded to the block body (3) in order to define the flat cavity (50). [Aspect 15] The cooled grid block (1) according to any one of embodiments 1 to 14, characterized in that the flat cavity (50) extends over at least 2 / 3 of the length of the outer mounting surface (7) and / or over at least 3 / 4 of the width of the outer mounting surface (7). [Aspect 16] A grate comprising a plurality of cooled grate blocks (1) as described in any one of embodiments 1 to 15. 。

Claims

1. A cooling grate block (1) which is part of the grate of equipment for heat-treating waste, The cooling grid blocks (1) are arranged in a stepped manner, one above the other, and are configured to be transported by stacking the incinerated material on top of each other during combustion through a relative feeding operation that is feasible for each other. A block body (3) formed as a cast, comprising an upper wall (5) that extends at least partially parallel to the longitudinal axis (L) of the block body (1) and forms an outer mounting surface (7) for the waste to be processed, A flat cavity (50) for receiving a cooling fluid, positioned directly below the outer mounting surface (7), with its top surface limited by an upper wall (5), its front surface by a front wall (15), its bottom surface by a base (51), its rear surface by a rear wall (68), and its sides by side walls (6), wherein the base (51) is at least partially formed by a bottom plate (53), and the flat cavity (50) A fluid supply pipe (52) and a fluid discharge pipe (54) are connected to the flat cavity (50), A flat cavity (50) is provided with at least one deflection member (66) positioned within the flat cavity (50) to guide the cooling fluid in the flat cavity (50) from the fluid supply pipe (52) to the fluid discharge pipe (54), To distribute the cooling fluid supplied into the flat cavity (50) via the fluid supply pipe (52), a distributor element (74) is provided in the front region (76) of the flat cavity (50), In a cooled grid block (1) having, The flat cavity (50) is connected to a front chamber (56) that extends substantially parallel to the front wall (15), and the cooling fluid flows into or out of the flat cavity (50) through the chamber (56). The flat cavity (50) and the chamber (56) are connected to each other via a plurality of inlet holes (58), Cooled grid block (1).

2. The cooling grid block (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the distributor element (74) extends at least partially along a width axis (Q) that runs at least substantially parallel to the front wall (15).

3. The cooled grid block (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flat cavity (50) has a partition wall (60) extending from the base (51) to the upper wall (5), the partition wall (60) extending from the front wall (15) to the rear wall (68) of the flat cavity (50), forming a passage (64) in the region of the rear wall (68), and dividing the flat cavity (50) into two fluidly connected compartments (62).

4. The cooling grid block (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the partition wall (60) extends at least substantially parallel to one of the side walls (6).

5. The cooled grid block (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid supply pipe (52) and the fluid discharge pipe (54) are connected to the flat cavity (50) in the region of the front wall (15).

6. The cooling grid block (1) according to claim 1, wherein the distributor element (74) is preferably formed in the form of a bump, gap, perforated plate or crossbar and extends at least substantially parallel to the front wall (15).

7. The cooling grid block (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the distributor element (74) is located in the opening region (72) of at least one inlet hole (58).

8. The cooling grid block (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the distributor element (74) has a dike-like or hill-like projection that restricts or deflects the flow of the cooling fluid from the fluid supply pipe (52).

9. The cooling grid block (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the distributor element (74) is configured to allow only a limited flow rate of the cooling fluid to pass through the distributor element (74) in order to enable uniform distribution of the cooling fluid in the flat cavity (50).

10. The cooling grid block (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper wall (5) and / or the front wall (15) have at least one air intake hole (21, 23).

11. The cooled grid block (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the block body (3) is manufactured integrally as a casting, and the bottom plate (53) is preferably welded to the block body (3) in order to limit the flat cavity (50).

12. The cooled grid block (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the flat cavity (50) extends over at least two-thirds of the length of the outer mounting surface (7) and / or over at least three-quarters of the width of the outer mounting surface (7).

13. A grate comprising a plurality of cooled grate blocks (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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