building

Abstract

To provide a beam and building capable of suppressing cracking of the beam with respect to the beam having notches.SOLUTION: A beam 10 of a building comprises a wooden beam body 11 having an upper surface 11A and a lower surface 11B, a notch 20 in the beam body 11, and a reinforcement 30 that reinforces the area around the notch 20. The notch 20 is provided so that the top or bottom surface 11A or 11B is notched. The reinforcement portion 30 reinforces an adjacent portion 26 adjacent to the notch 20 in the beam body 11.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to , construction buildings.

Background Art

[0002] In buildings, it is generally not recommended to provide a notch in a wooden beam. The reason is that the strength decreases due to cracks entering the corners of the notch. For example, when there is a notch in a beam, the effective section coefficient used in the strength calculation of the beam is set to 0.6 times or 0.45 times the section coefficient of the remaining part of the notch.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for reinforcing a beam having a through hole. However, regarding a beam having a notch, as described above, its use is not recommended, so no effective technological development has been made. Therefore, regarding a beam having a notch, a building that can suppress cracks is Building proposed.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] (1 ) The beam of the building includes a wooden beam body having an upper surface and a lower surface, a notch provided in the beam body, and a reinforcing portion that reinforces the periphery of the notch. The notch is provided so as to notch the upper surface or the lower surface, and the reinforcing portion reinforces an adjacent portion adjacent to the notch in the beam body. According to the above configuration, since the adjacent portion of the notch is reinforced, the generation of cracks around the notch can be suppressed.

[0006] (2) In the beam of the building described in (1) above, the reinforcing portion is equipped with a bolt, the bolt engages with a through hole that penetrates the adjacent portion vertically, and the bolt is positioned within the through hole of the adjacent portion. With the above configuration, since the bolt is not exposed from the beam body, the reinforcing portion does not get in the way when attaching building members to the upper, lower, or side surfaces of the beam body.

[0007] (3) In the beam of the building described in (1) above, the reinforcing part comprises a bolt having a shaft and a head, and a plate disposed on the upper or lower surface of the adjacent part, the bolt being inserted through a hole in the plate so that its head contacts the plate, and engaging with a through hole that penetrates the adjacent part vertically, and the shaft of the bolt being disposed within the through hole of the adjacent part. With this configuration, the head of the bolt is disposed on only one of the upper or lower surfaces of the beam body. Therefore, when attaching building members to the upper or lower surface of the beam body where the head of the bolt is not disposed, the reinforcing part does not get in the way.

[0008] (4) In the beam of the building described in (1) above, the reinforcing portion comprises a first plate positioned on the upper surface of the adjacent portion, a second plate positioned on the lower surface of the adjacent portion, and a connecting member that penetrates the adjacent portion and connects the first plate and the second plate. With this configuration, the adjacent portion is sandwiched between the first plate and the second plate. This makes it possible to firmly reinforce the adjacent portion.

[0009] (5) In the beam of the building described in (1) above, the reinforcing portion comprises a first penetrating member that penetrates the adjacent portion in the vertical direction, and a second penetrating member that penetrates the first penetrating member and the adjacent portion so as to intersect the axial direction of the first penetrating member. With this configuration, the engagement between the first penetrating member and the second penetrating member and the adjacent portion can be strengthened.

[0010] (6) A building that solves the above problem is provided with a plurality of beams as described in (1) to (5) above, wherein the plurality of beams are connected to a girder so as to be parallel to each other, and each of the plurality of beams has the notch on the lower surface of the end of the beam that is connected to the girder, and the plurality of notches are arranged along the extension direction of the girder.

[0011] This configuration allows for the creation of storage compartments in the notches along the girders. Various devices can be housed in these compartments. As a result, the area around the girders can be made to look neat and tidy in interior design.

[0012] (7) A building that solves the above problem is provided with a plurality of beams as described in (1) to (5) above, wherein the plurality of beams are connected to a girder so as to be parallel to each other, each of the plurality of beams has the notch on the upper surface of the beam, and the plurality of notches support the floor of the down floor.

[0013] Conventionally, when a sunken floor is incorporated into a building, the beams placed beneath the sunken floor are constructed from separate components from the beams placed beneath the adjacent floor. However, with the above configuration, beams are installed to extend from beneath the sunken floor to beneath the adjacent floor. This improves construction efficiency.

[0014] (8) A building that solves the above problems is provided with a plurality of beams as described in (1) to (5) above, wherein the plurality of beams are arranged parallel to each other and extend from the interior space to the exterior extension, each of the plurality of beams has the notch on the upper surface of the beam, the plurality of notches are provided in the part corresponding to the exterior extension, and the plurality of notches support the floor of the exterior extension through a drainage space.

[0015] Conventionally, when an exterior extension is provided in a building, the beams placed under the floor of the exterior extension are constructed from separate components from the beams placed under the floor of the interior space. In this respect, the above configuration allows beams to be installed so as to extend from the underfloor of the exterior extension to the underfloor of the interior space. This improves construction efficiency. [Effect of the Invention]

[0016] According to the beam and building of the present disclosure, regarding the beam having a notch, cracking of the beam can be suppressed. [Brief Description of the Drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] Partial perspective view of the beam of the first embodiment. [Figure 2] Side view of the bolt of the first embodiment. [Figure 3] Diagram showing the relationship between displacement and load. [Figure 4] Diagram showing the relationship between the beam of the first embodiment, the beam of the first reference example, and the beam of the second reference example. [Figure 5] Partial perspective view of the beam of the second embodiment. [Figure 6] Side view of the first bolt of the second embodiment. [Figure 7] Partial perspective view of the beam of the third embodiment. [Figure 8] Partial perspective view of the beam of the fourth embodiment. [Figure 9] Side view of the first through member. [Figure 10] Side view of the beam of the fifth embodiment. [Figure 11] Diagram of the building of the sixth embodiment. [Figure 12] Cross-sectional view near the girder of the building of the sixth embodiment. [Figure 13] Cross-sectional view near the girder of the building of the reference example. [Figure 14] Schematic diagram of the building of the sixth embodiment. [Figure 15] Schematic diagram of the building of the seventh embodiment. [Figure 16] Schematic diagram of the building of the eighth embodiment. [Modes for Carrying Out the Invention]

[0018] <First Embodiment> Referring to Figure 1, the beam 10 of building 1 will be described. The beam 10 comprises a wooden beam body 11, a notch 20 provided in the beam body 11, and a reinforcing portion 30 that reinforces the area around the notch 20. The beam body 11 has an upper surface 11A and a lower surface 11B. The upper surface 11A of the beam body 11 is parallel to the lower surface 11B of the beam 10. The beam body 11 may be made of solid wood. The beam body 11 may be made of laminated timber. For example, the beam body 11 may be made of laminated timber of the same grade. When the beam body 11 is made of laminated timber of the same grade, the beam body 11 is connected to the girder 2 with the lamination direction of the sawn boards aligned with the vertical direction DZ.

[0019] The notch 20 is provided by cutting out the upper surface 11A or the lower surface 11B. In this embodiment, the portion of the beam body 11 that remains after the notch 20 is provided is called the "remaining portion 13".

[0020] The notch 20 is provided at the end 12 of the beam body 11. The notch 20 has a first surface 21 perpendicular to the upper surface 11A or the lower surface 11B. The notch 20 has a second surface 22 parallel to the upper surface 11A or the lower surface 11B. The second surface 22 extends from the first surface 21 to the end surface of the beam body 11. The first surface 21 and the second surface 22 constitute the corner 24. The notch 20 is provided so as to span from one side surface 11C to the other side surface 11C of the beam body 11. The vertical length of the notch 20 is preferably 1 / 2 or less of the vertical length of the beam body 11. The vertical length is defined as the length along the vertical direction DZ when the beam 10 is connected to the girder 2.

[0021] The reinforcing section 30 reinforces the adjacent section 26 adjacent to the notch 20 in the beam body 11. The reinforcing section 30 reinforces the adjacent section 26 so that it does not expand in the vertical direction DZ when a force is applied near it. The reinforcing section 30 is composed of members that prevent the adjacent section 26 from expanding in the vertical direction DZ.

[0022] Specifically, the reinforcing section 30 is equipped with bolts 31. In one example, the reinforcing section 30 is equipped with two bolts 31. The two bolts 31 are arranged in the width direction DX of the beam body 11. The two bolts 31 may also be arranged in the extension direction DE1 of the beam body 11.

[0023] The bolt 31 engages with a through hole 27 that penetrates the adjacent portion 26 in the vertical direction DZ. The through hole 27 extends perpendicularly to the upper surface 11A and the lower surface 11B of the beam body 11. The bolt 31 is positioned within the through hole 27 of the adjacent portion 26. The length of the bolt 31 is equal to or slightly shorter than the vertical length of the adjacent portion 26. For example, the length of the bolt 31 is between 0.9 and 1.0 times the vertical length of the adjacent portion 26. For example, a lag screw bolt 32 is an example of a bolt 31.

[0024] Figure 2 is a side view of the lag screw bolt 32. The lag screw bolt 32 comprises a shaft portion 31A on which a male thread is provided, and a tool engagement portion 31B provided at the end of the shaft portion 31A. The tool engagement portion 31B is the part that engages with a tool specifically for lag screw bolts. The outermost diameter of the cross-section of the tool engagement portion 31B is equal to or slightly larger than the outermost diameter of the cross-section of the shaft portion 31A. A female thread 31C may be provided in the tool engagement portion 31B. The lag screw bolt 32 is screwed into the through hole 27 of the adjacent portion 26 so that it fits inside the beam body 11.

[0025] <Characteristics and Function> The characteristics of the beam 10 of this embodiment will be described in comparison with the first and second reference examples with reference to Figures 3 and 4. As shown in Figure 4, the beam 101 of the first reference example and the beam 102 of the second reference example do not have a notch 20. The vertical length of the beam 101 of the first reference example is equal to the vertical length of the adjacent portion 26 of the beam 10 of the embodiment. The vertical length of the beam 102 of the second reference example is equal to the vertical length of the remaining portion 13 of the beam 10 of the embodiment. The width of the beams of the first reference example 101 and the second reference example 102 is equal to the width of the beam 10 according to the embodiment. The length of the beams of the first reference example 101 and the second reference example 102 is equal to the length of the beam 10 according to the embodiment.

[0026] Figure 3 shows the relationship between the load P applied to the beam 10 and the displacement of the beam 10 in the vertical direction DZ. Figure 3 shows the characteristics of the beam 10 in this embodiment when a tensile load is applied to the notch 20 and when a compressive load is applied to the notch 20. Figure 3 further shows the characteristics of beam 101 of the first reference example and beam 102 of the second reference example.

[0027] The case of applying a tensile load to the notch 20 refers to the case where the beam body 11 is supported at two points separated by a gap, and a load P is applied to the surface opposite to the surface where the notch 20 is provided (see Figure 3). The beam body 11 is supported at two points: the notch 20 and the end opposite the notch 20. The load P is applied to the part of the beam body 11 other than the notch 20 in the area between the two points where the beam body 11 is supported. The case of applying a compressive load to the notch 20 refers to the case where the beam body 11 is supported at two points separated by a gap, and a load P is applied to the surface where the notch 20 is provided.

[0028] In Figure 3, the solid line L1 shows the characteristics of beam 10 in this embodiment when a compressive load is applied. The solid line L2 shows the characteristics of beam 10 in this embodiment when a tensile load is applied. The dashed line L3 shows the characteristics of beam 101 in the first reference example. The dashed line L4 shows the characteristics of beam 102 in the second reference example.

[0029] As shown in Figure 3, under compressive load, the beam 10 of this embodiment has substantially the same strength as the beam 101 of the first reference example, i.e., a beam with the same longitudinal length as the adjacent portion 26. As shown in Figure 3, under tensile load, the beam 10 of this embodiment has the same strength as the beam 102 of the second reference example, i.e., a beam with the same longitudinal length as the remaining portion 13.

[0030] In Figure 3, the characteristics of the beam 10 in this embodiment when a tensile load is applied (solid line L2) will be shown to illustrate the characteristics of the beam 10. Here, the characteristics of the beam 10 when the load P applied to the beam 10 is gradually increased will be explained. The bending load PX represents the load P at the point when the beam 10 bends.

[0031] As shown in Figure 3, when the load P applied to the beam 10 is gradually increased from a state of 0, the beam 10 gradually bends and the displacement gradually increases. The displacement represents the actual distance moved by the portion of the beam 10 to which the load is applied, in the direction of the load.

[0032] As shown in Figure 1, in the beam 10 of this embodiment, the area near the notch 20 is reinforced by the reinforcing portion 30. Therefore, cracks are less likely to occur in the notch 20. Furthermore, even if a crack occurs at the corner 24 of the notch 20, the progression of the crack is suppressed. As a result, with beam 10, bending is less likely to occur when a crack occurs. Therefore, beam 10 of this embodiment has a larger bending load PX than a beam without the reinforcing portion 30. In addition, the bending strength of beam 10 of this embodiment is higher than or equivalent to that of beam 102 of the second reference example in the range where the load P reaches the bending load PX.

[0033] Conventionally, according to the regulations for buildings 1, the use of beams with notches 20 is not recommended. Furthermore, when using beams with notches 20, it is recommended that the effective cross-sectional modulus of the beam be set to 0.6 or 0.45 times the section modulus of the remaining portion 13 of the notch 20. The reason why the effective cross-sectional modulus of a beam with a notch 20 needs to be estimated to be smaller than the section modulus of the remaining portion 13 is that cracks in the notch 20 can propagate significantly at an angle due to the load P.

[0034] In this embodiment, in the beam body 11, the adjacent portion 26 adjacent to the notch 20 is reinforced by the reinforcing portion 30. The reinforcing portion 30 prevents the adjacent portion 26 from expanding in the vertical direction DZ. This suppresses the occurrence and propagation of cracks. Therefore, the beam 10 of this embodiment is stronger than, or has equivalent properties to, the beam 102 of the second reference example, i.e., a beam of the same vertical length as the remaining portion 13, under tensile load.

[0035] The reinforcing portion 30 is thought to act on the adjacent portion 26 as follows: The male thread of the lag screw bolt 32 engages with a through hole 27 provided in the adjacent portion 26. The lag screw bolt 32 extends over substantially the entire length DZ in the vertical direction of the adjacent portion 26. Due to this engagement, when a tensile load is applied to the beam 10, the adjacent portion 26 is less likely to expand in the vertical direction DZ, thereby suppressing the occurrence and propagation of cracks.

[0036] <Effects> The effects of this embodiment will now be explained. (1) The beam 10 comprises a wooden beam body 11, a notch 20 provided in the beam body 11, and a reinforcing part 30 that reinforces the area around the notch 20. The notch 20 is provided by cutting out the upper surface 11A or the lower surface 11B, and the reinforcing part 30 reinforces the adjacent part 26 of the beam body 11 adjacent to the notch 20. With the above configuration, since the adjacent part 26 of the notch 20 is reinforced, the occurrence of cracks around the notch 20 can be suppressed.

[0037] (2) The reinforcing portion 30 is equipped with a bolt 31. The bolt 31 engages with a through hole 27 that penetrates the adjacent portion 26 in the vertical direction DZ. In one example, the bolt 31 is a lag screw bolt 32. The bolt 31 is positioned in the through hole 27 of the adjacent portion 26. With the above configuration, since the bolt 31 is not exposed from the beam body 11, the reinforcing portion 30 does not get in the way when attaching building members to the upper surface 11A, lower surface 11B, or side surface 11C of the beam body 11.

[0038] <Second Embodiment> Referring to Figure 5, the beam 10 according to the second embodiment will be described. Components in the beam 10 of this embodiment that are common with the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment, and redundant explanations are omitted. The beam 10 of this embodiment has a reinforcing portion 30 with a different structure from the reinforcing portion 30 shown in the first embodiment.

[0039] The reinforcing portion 30 comprises a bolt 35 having a shaft portion 35A and a head portion 35B, and a plate 38 positioned on the upper surface 26A or lower surface 26B of the adjacent portion 26.

[0040] In this embodiment, the reinforcing portion 30 is equipped with two bolts 35. The two bolts 35 are arranged in the width direction DX of the beam body 11. The two bolts 35 may also be arranged in the extension direction DE1 of the beam body 11.

[0041] In one example, plate 38 is provided on the upper surface 26A of adjacent portion 26. The bolt 35 is inserted through a hole in plate 38 so that its head 35B contacts plate 38. The bolt 35 is inserted through a through hole 27 that penetrates adjacent portion 26 in the vertical direction DZ. The bolt 35 engages with the through hole 27. The shaft portion 35A of the bolt 35 is positioned within the through hole 27 of adjacent portion 26.

[0042] In this embodiment, the bolt 35 comprises a first bolt 36 and a second bolt 37 connected to the first bolt 36 in the axial direction. The tip of the second bolt 37 engages with the female thread 36A of the first bolt 36.

[0043] As shown in Figure 6, the first bolt 36 has a female thread 36A at its tip. The female thread 36A is configured to engage with the thread at the tip of the second bolt 37. An example of the first bolt 36 is a lag screw bolt 32. The axial force of the bolt 35 is increased when the tip of the second bolt 37 is screwed into the female thread 36A of the first bolt 36.

[0044] A first bolt 36 is screwed into a through hole 27 provided in the adjacent portion 26 from the lower surface 26B. A plate 38 is placed on the upper surface 26A of the through hole 27 provided in the adjacent portion 26. A second bolt 37 is inserted into the hole in the plate 38 and the through hole 27 from above the adjacent portion 26, and is connected to the first bolt 36. The second bolt 37 is tightened to the plate 38 with a wrench. The tightening of the second bolt 37 applies a compressive force in the vertical direction DZ to the adjacent portion 26. With this reinforcement portion 30, when a tensile load is applied to the beam 10, the adjacent portion 26 is prevented from expanding in the vertical direction DZ. With this reinforcement portion 30, when a tensile load is applied to the beam 10, the adjacent portion 26 is less likely to expand in the vertical direction DZ, thus suppressing the occurrence and propagation of cracks.

[0045] Other effects of this embodiment will now be described. The reinforcing portion 30 comprises a bolt 35 and a plate 38. The bolt 35 is inserted through a hole in the plate 38 so that its head 35B contacts the plate 38, and engages with a through hole 27 that penetrates the adjacent portion 26 in the vertical direction DZ. The shaft portion 35A of the bolt 35 is positioned in the through hole 27 of the adjacent portion 26.

[0046] In this configuration, the head 35B of the bolt 35 is positioned on only one of the upper surface 11A and lower surface 11B of the beam body 11. Therefore, when attaching building components to the upper surface 11A and lower surface 11B of the beam body 11 where the head 35B of the bolt 35 is not positioned, the reinforcing portion 30 does not get in the way.

[0047] <Third Embodiment> Referring to Figure 7, the beam 10 according to the third embodiment will be described. Components in the beam 10 of this embodiment that are common with the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment, and redundant explanations are omitted. The beam 10 of this embodiment has a reinforcing portion 30 with a different structure from the reinforcing portion 30 shown in the first embodiment.

[0048] The reinforcing section 30 comprises a first plate 41, a second plate 42, and connecting members 43. In one example, the reinforcing section 30 comprises two connecting members 43. The two connecting members 43 are arranged in the width direction DX of the beam body 11. The two connecting members 43 may also be arranged in the extension direction DE1 of the beam body 11.

[0049] The first plate 41 is positioned on the upper surface 26A of the adjacent portion 26. The first plate 41 has two first holes. The second plate 42 is positioned on the lower surface 26B of the adjacent portion 26. The second plate 42 has two second holes. The connecting member 43 passes through the adjacent portion 26 and connects the first plate 41 and the second plate 42.

[0050] The connecting member 43 is composed of a bolt 44 and a nut 45. The bolt 44 has a shaft portion 44A and a head portion 44B. The bolt 44 is inserted through a first hole in the first plate 41, a through hole 27 provided in the adjacent portion 26, and a second hole in the second plate 42. The head portion 44B of the bolt 44 is in contact with the second plate 42. The nut 45 engages with the end of the bolt 44 that protrudes from the first plate 41. The nut 45 is tightened to the first plate 41 with a wrench. Tightening the nut 45 applies a compressive force in the vertical direction DZ to the adjacent portion 26.

[0051] The adjacent portion 26 is sandwiched between the first plate 41 and the second plate 42, which are connected by a connecting member 43. Therefore, when a tensile load is applied to the beam 10, the adjacent portion 26 is prevented from expanding in the vertical direction DZ. With this reinforcing portion 30, when a tensile load is applied to the beam 10, the adjacent portion 26 is less likely to expand in the vertical direction DZ, thus suppressing the occurrence and propagation of cracks. In this way, the adjacent portion 26 is strongly reinforced.

[0052] <Fourth Embodiment> The beam 10 according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 8 and 9. Components in the beam 10 of this embodiment that are common with the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment, and redundant explanations are omitted. The beam 10 of this embodiment has a reinforcing portion 30 with a different structure from the reinforcing portion 30 shown in the first embodiment.

[0053] The reinforcing section 30 comprises a first through member 47 and a second through member 48. The first through member 47 penetrates the adjacent section 26 in the vertical direction DZ. Specifically, the first through member 47 is inserted through a vertical through hole 27A provided in the adjacent section 26. In one example, the first through member 47 is made of an iron pipe.

[0054] As shown in Figure 9, the first through member 47 has a plurality of side through holes 47A perpendicular to the axis. The plurality of side through holes 47A are provided at equal intervals in the axial direction. The plurality of side through holes 47A extend parallel to each other. The diameter of the plurality of side through holes 47A is configured so that the second through member 48 fits into them.

[0055] As shown in Figure 8, the adjacent portion 26 is provided with a vertical through-hole 27A through which the first through-member 47 is inserted, and a horizontal through-hole 27B through which the second through-member 48 is inserted. The vertical through-hole 27A extends from the upper surface 26A to the lower surface 26B in the adjacent portion 26. The horizontal through-hole 27B extends in the width direction DX of the adjacent portion 26 so as to intersect with the vertical through-hole 27A. Multiple horizontal through-holes 27B are provided in the adjacent portion 26 at the same pitch as the horizontal through-holes 27B provided in the first through-member 47.

[0056] The second through member 48 penetrates the first through member 47 and the adjacent portion 26 so as to intersect the first through member 47 in its axial direction. The second through member 48 is configured as a cylindrical pin. The second through member 48 is inserted into the lateral through hole 27B of the adjacent portion 26 and the lateral through hole 47A of the first through member 47. This configuration allows for stronger engagement between the first through member 47 and the second through member 48 and the adjacent portion 26.

[0057] With such a reinforcing portion 30, when a tensile load is applied to the beam 10, the second penetrating member 48 acts as a resistance against the separation of the peripheral portions of the second penetrating member 48 from each other in the adjacent portions 26. This prevents the adjacent portions 26 from expanding in the vertical direction DZ. With such a reinforcing portion 30, when a tensile load is applied to the beam 10, the adjacent portions 26 are less likely to expand in the vertical direction DZ, thus suppressing the occurrence and propagation of cracks.

[0058] <Fifth Embodiment> Referring to Figure 10, the beam 10 according to the fifth embodiment will be described. Components in the beam 10 of this embodiment that are common with the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment, and redundant explanations are omitted. In this embodiment, the notch 20 is configured as a recess provided on the upper surface 11A or the lower surface 11B of the beam body 11.

[0059] The notch 20 has a first surface 21, a second surface 22, and a third surface 23. In one example, the first surface 21 and the third surface 23 are configured perpendicular to the bottom surface 11B. The third surface 23 is configured parallel to the first surface 21. The second surface 22 connects the first surface 21 and the second surface 22. The second surface 22 is configured parallel to the bottom surface 11B. The reinforcing portion 30 is provided on adjacent portions 26 near the first surface 21 and adjacent portions 26 near the third surface 23. The reinforcing portion 30 has the same structure as the reinforcing portion 30 shown in the first to fourth embodiments.

[0060] Such notches 20 are provided in beams 10 that are positioned to partially protrude from the exterior wall. For example, a recessed notch 20 is provided in the overhang portion 15 of the beam 10. The overhang portion 15 is the part of the beam 10 that protrudes from the girder 2 outwards. A shutter box for a window is attached to the recessed notch 20, for example. The shutter box houses a shutter that is lowered along the exterior wall.

[0061] <Sixth Embodiment> Referring to Figures 11 to 14, the building 1 according to the sixth embodiment will be described. The building 1 includes the beams 10 shown in the first to fifth embodiments. Components in the building 1 of this embodiment that are common with the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment, and redundant explanations are omitted.

[0062] As shown in Figure 11, the building 1 comprises a girder 2 and a plurality of beams 10. The girder 2 is supported by columns 3. The plurality of beams 10 are positioned between two girder 2. The plurality of beams 10 connect two girder 2. One of the two girder 2, the outer girder 2A, forms part of the framework of the exterior wall 17. The beams 10 are positioned between the first and second floors of the building 1. The beams 10 are positioned between two girder 2 that are positioned parallel to each other. The beams 10 connect two girder 2.

[0063] Multiple beams 10 are connected to the girder 2 so as to be parallel to each other. Each of the multiple beams 10 has a notch 20. The notch 20 is provided on the lower surface 11B of the end portion 12 of the beam 10 that is connected to the outer girder 2A. The multiple notches 20 are arranged along the extension direction DE2 of the girder 2. The beam 10 has a reinforcing portion 30. The reinforcing portion 30 reinforces the adjacent portion 26 adjacent to the notch 20.

[0064] <Effects> In the building 1, a housing section 16 can be provided in the notch 20 along the girder 2. Various devices can be housed in the housing section 16. This allows for a simpler appearance of the interior around the girder 2. For example, a curtain rail can be used as an example of a device. The curtain rail may be a rail for automatic curtain opening and closing. The curtain rail is placed inside the housing section 16. This allows for a simpler appearance of the window area on the ceiling 6 of the first floor.

[0065] Figure 12 shows a cross-section near the girder 2 of a building 1 whose frame is constructed with beams 10 of this embodiment. Figure 13 shows a cross-section near the girder 2 of a building 1 whose frame is constructed with conventional beams 90. According to the prior art, the beam 10 is not provided with a notch 20. Therefore, in order to provide a storage area 16 behind the ceiling 6 of the first floor, the vertical length of the beam 10 is reduced, thereby providing a space SA between the ceiling 6 of the first floor and the beam 10. As a result of defining the vertical length of the beam 10 in this way, the length of the beam 10 is limited. The floor area below the beam 10 is limited by the length of the beam 10. On the other hand, with the beam 10 of this embodiment, the storage area 16 can be placed in the notch 20. Furthermore, in the beam 10, the vertical length of the part other than the remaining part 13 is greater than the vertical length of the remaining part 13. In addition, in the beam 10 of this embodiment, the part 26 adjacent to the notch 20 is reinforced by a reinforcing part 30. Therefore, the beam 10 in this embodiment has higher strength than the conventional beam 90, which is equal in length to the remaining portion 13. As a result, the beam 10 can be made longer than the conventional beam 90. This allows the floor area below the beam 10 to be larger than the floor area in the case of the conventional beam 90.

[0066] As shown in Figures 11 and 14, in one example of building 1, the storage section 16 is configured to run along the exterior wall 17. The storage section 16 is configured such that its lower end is flush with the ceiling 6 of the first floor. A curtain rail is housed in the storage section 16. Furthermore, a window 18 is provided in the exterior wall 17. The window 18 is configured such that its upper end is flush with the ceiling 6 (see Figure 14). The window 18 extends from the floor 7 to the ceiling 6. When looking out from inside the room, the curtain rail installed around the window 18 is hidden within the storage section 16 and is not visible. As a result, a room constructed with such a beam 10 can give the occupant or user of the room a spacious impression.

[0067] <Seventh Embodiment> Referring to Figure 15, the building 1 according to the seventh embodiment will be described. The building 1 includes the beams 10 shown in the first to fifth embodiments. Components in the building 1 of this embodiment that are common with the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment, and redundant explanations are omitted.

[0068] Building 1 comprises a girder 2 and a plurality of beams 10. The girder 2 is supported by columns 3. Multiple beams 10 are positioned between two girders 2. The multiple beams 10 connect the two girders 2.

[0069] Multiple beams 10 are positioned between the first and second floors of building 1. The multiple beams 10 are connected to the girder 2 so that they are parallel to each other. Each of the multiple beams 10 has a notch 20. The notch 20 is provided on the upper surface 11A of the beam 10. The beam 10 has a reinforcing portion 30. The reinforcing portion 30 reinforces the adjacent portion 26 adjacent to the notch 20.

[0070] The notches 20 of the multiple beams 10 are arranged in a line along the extension direction of the girder 2. The upper surfaces 20A of the multiple notches 20 of the multiple beams 10 are at the same height. The multiple notches 20 support the floor of the down floor 63. The down floor 63 may be configured as a pit living room.

[0071] <Effects> Conventionally, when a sunken floor 63 is provided in a building 1, the beams placed under the sunken floor 63 are made of a different material from the beams placed under the floor of the adjacent floor 64 that is adjacent to the sunken floor 63. In this respect, according to the above embodiment, the beam 10 is provided so as to extend from under the sunken floor 63 to under the adjacent floor 64. This improves the construction efficiency of the building 1.

[0072] <Eighth Embodiment> Referring to Figure 16, the building 1 according to the eighth embodiment will be described. The building 1 includes the beams 10 shown in the first to fifth embodiments. Components in the building 1 of this embodiment that are common with the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment, and redundant explanations are omitted.

[0073] Building 1 comprises a girder 2 and a plurality of beams 10. The girder 2 is supported by columns 3. The plurality of beams 10 are positioned between the girder 2B inside the building and the girder 2C outside the building. The plurality of beams 10 connect the girder 2B inside the building and the girder 2C outside the building. The plurality of beams 10 are partially positioned outside the building.

[0074] The building 1 comprises an interior space 5 on the second floor and an exterior extension 8 that is continuous with the interior space 5. The exterior extension 8 includes a veranda, balcony, and roof balcony. Multiple beams 10 are arranged parallel to each other, extending from the interior space 5 to the exterior extension 8.

[0075] Each of the multiple beams 10 has a notch 20. The notch 20 is provided on the upper surface 11A of the beam 10. The beam 10 has a reinforcing portion 30. The reinforcing portion 30 reinforces the adjacent portion 26 adjacent to the notch 20. The multiple notches 20 are provided in the portion corresponding to the outdoor extension 8. The notches 20 of the multiple beams 10 are arranged in a line. The notches 20 of the multiple beams 10 are arranged in the extension direction of the outdoor girder 2C. The upper surfaces 20A of the multiple notches 20 of the multiple beams 10 are at the same height. The multiple notches 20 support the floor of the outdoor extension 8 via the drainage space S.

[0076] <Effects> Conventionally, when an outdoor extension 8 (for example, a veranda) is provided in a building 1, the beam 10 located under the floor of the outdoor extension 8 is made of a different component from the beam 10 located under the floor of the indoor space 5. In this respect, the above configuration allows the beam 10 to extend from under the floor of the outdoor extension 8 to under the floor of the indoor space 5. This improves the construction efficiency of the building 1.

[0077] <Variation> The above embodiments are illustrative of possible forms of the beam 10 and the building 1, and are not intended to limit their forms. The beam 10 and the building 1 may take forms different from those illustrated in the above embodiments. Examples include forms in which some of the configurations of the embodiments are replaced, modified, or omitted, or forms in which new configurations are added to the embodiments. Modifications of the embodiments are shown below.

[0078] The reinforcing portion 30 can have a structure other than that shown in the embodiment. As a modified example of the reinforcing portion 30, the adjacent portion 26 may be reinforced by wrapping a fiber sheet around it. A carbon fiber sheet can be used as the fiber sheet.

[0079] The adjacent portion 26 reinforced by the reinforcing portion 30 of the embodiment and modified example may be further reinforced with adhesive. In the second embodiment, the gap between the shaft portion of the second bolt 37 and the through hole 27 may be filled with adhesive. In the third embodiment, the gap between the connecting member 43 and the through hole 27 may be filled with adhesive. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0080] DZ...Vertical direction, S...Drainage space, 1...Building, 2...Girder, 8...Outdoor extension, 10...Beam, 11...Beam body, 11A...Top surface, 11B...Bottom surface, 12...End, 20...Notch, 26...Adjacent part, 27...Through hole, 30...Reinforcement part, 31...Bolt, 35...Bolt, 38...Plate, 41...First plate, 42...Second plate, 43...Connecting member, 44...Bolt, 47...First through member, 48...Second through member, 63...Down floor, 65...Indoor space.

Claims

1. It is a building, Equipped with multiple beams, The beam comprises a wooden beam body having an upper surface and a lower surface, a notch provided in the beam body, and a reinforcing portion that reinforces the area around the notch. The notch is provided such that the upper or lower surface is cut out so as to extend from the middle to the end in the longitudinal direction of the beam body. The reinforcing portion reinforces the adjacent portion of the beam body adjacent to the notch, The reinforcing portion is equipped with bolts, The bolt engages with a through hole that penetrates the adjacent portion in the vertical direction, The bolt is positioned within the through hole of the adjacent portion so as not to expose the bolt. Multiple of the aforementioned beams are connected to the girder so that they are parallel to each other. Each of the plurality of beams has the notch on the lower surface of the end of the beam that is connected to the girder, The plurality of notches are arranged along the extension direction of the girder. architecture.

2. It is a building, Equipped with multiple beams, The beam comprises a wooden beam body having an upper surface and a lower surface, a notch provided in the beam body, and a reinforcing portion that reinforces the area around the notch. The notch is provided such that the upper or lower surface is cut out so as to extend from the middle to the end in the longitudinal direction of the beam body. The reinforcing portion reinforces the adjacent portion of the beam body adjacent to the notch, The reinforcing portion comprises a bolt having a shaft portion and a head, and a plate positioned on the upper or lower surface of the adjacent portion. The plate is positioned so as to contact the portion of the beam body other than the notch, The bolt is inserted through a hole in the plate so that its head contacts the plate, and engages with a through hole that penetrates the adjacent portion in the vertical direction. The shaft portion of the bolt is positioned within the through hole of the adjacent portion. Multiple of the aforementioned beams are connected to the girder so that they are parallel to each other. Each of the plurality of beams has the notch on the lower surface of the end of the beam that is connected to the girder, The plurality of notches are arranged along the extension direction of the girder. architecture.

3. It is a building, Equipped with multiple beams, The beam comprises a wooden beam body having an upper surface and a lower surface, a notch provided in the beam body, and a reinforcing portion that reinforces the area around the notch. The notch is provided such that the upper or lower surface is cut out so as to extend from the middle to the end in the longitudinal direction of the beam body. The reinforcing portion reinforces the adjacent portion of the beam body adjacent to the notch, The reinforcing portion comprises a first plate positioned on the upper surface of the adjacent portion, a second plate positioned on the lower surface of the adjacent portion, and a connecting member that penetrates the adjacent portion and connects the first plate and the second plate. The first plate and the second plate are arranged to contact the portion of the beam body other than the notch, Multiple of the aforementioned beams are connected to the girder so that they are parallel to each other. Each of the plurality of beams has the notch on the lower surface of the end of the beam that is connected to the girder, The plurality of notches are arranged along the extension direction of the girder. architecture.

4. It is a building, Equipped with multiple beams, The beam comprises a wooden beam body having an upper surface and a lower surface, a notch provided in the beam body, and a reinforcing portion that reinforces the area around the notch. The aforementioned notch is provided so as to cut out the upper surface, The reinforcing portion reinforces the adjacent portion of the beam body adjacent to the notch, The plurality of beams are connected to the girder so that they are parallel to each other. The plurality of notches support the floor of the down floor. architecture.

5. It is a building, Equipped with multiple beams, The beam comprises a wooden beam body having an upper surface and a lower surface, a notch provided in the beam body, and a reinforcing portion that reinforces the area around the notch. The aforementioned notch is provided so as to cut out the upper surface, The reinforcing portion reinforces the adjacent portion of the beam body adjacent to the notch, The plurality of beams are arranged parallel to each other, extending from the interior space to the exterior extension. The plurality of notches are provided in the portion corresponding to the outdoor extension, The plurality of notches support the floor of the outdoor extension through a drainage space. architecture.

6. The reinforcing portion is equipped with bolts, The bolt engages with a through hole that penetrates the adjacent portion in the vertical direction, The bolt is positioned within the through hole of the adjacent portion. The building according to claim 4 or 5.

7. The reinforcing portion comprises a bolt having a shaft portion and a head, and a plate positioned on the upper or lower surface of the adjacent portion. The bolt is inserted through a hole in the plate so that its head contacts the plate, and engages with a through hole that penetrates the adjacent portion in the vertical direction. The shaft portion of the bolt is positioned within the through hole of the adjacent portion. The building according to claim 4 or 5.

8. The reinforcing portion comprises a first plate positioned on the upper surface of the adjacent portion, a second plate positioned on the lower surface of the adjacent portion, and a connecting member that penetrates the adjacent portion and connects the first plate and the second plate. The building according to claim 4 or 5.

9. The reinforcing portion comprises a first through member that penetrates the adjacent portion in the vertical direction, and a second through member that penetrates the first through member and the adjacent portion so as to intersect the first through member in the axial direction. The building according to claim 4 or 5.

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