Wake-up signal frame design

Abstract

A system and method for generating a wake-up signal (WUS) within a wireless communication system are provided. The method includes generating, by at least one cell station, a WUS comprising a user frame having a first preamble and a first data portion and a system frame having a second preamble and a second data portion; receiving, by a wake-up radio (WUR), the WUS; identifying, by the WUR, the WUS; and activating, by the WUR, a conventional receiver based on the identification of the WUS.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] [Cross - reference to Related Applications] This application claims priority based on U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 411,296, filed with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) on September 29, 2022, and the entire disclosure thereof is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] [Technical Field] Devices and methods consistent with embodiments of the present disclosure relate to frame formats for wake - up signals (WUS) that can be incorporated into 3GPP 5G NR.

Background Art

[0003] A low - power wake - up radio (WUR) in related art is a type of receiver that can operate at lower power than a conventional receiver. A user equipment (UE) may have both a conventional receiver and a low - power wake - up radio. To save power, the conventional receiver may be placed in a low - power consumption state when applicable (e.g., when the UE is in idle mode or DRX mode). In this state, the conventional receiver may be switched off (i.e., not perform signal reception or transmission), or may be switched to an almost - off mode. While the conventional receiver is in this state, the WUR may be in an operating mode and may monitor for a wake - up signal (WUS). If a WUS is detected and the UE is indicated to switch the conventional receiver on, the UE may switch the conventional receiver on and start executing conventional transmission / reception procedures. For example, it may detect a serving cell, acquire system information, or perform random access.

[0004] Two common designs for waveforms used to generate WUS are On-Off Modulation (OOK) and Frequency Shift Modulation (FSK). OOK is adopted in IEEE 802.11ba. In OOK, the waveform contains ON and OFF patterns in the time domain, and a particular pattern is used to transmit information. For example, (ON OFF) may be transmitted by bit "1", and (OFF ON) may be transmitted by bit "0". In FSK, the frequency of the waveform transmits information. For example, if a pulse is transmitted on or around frequency f0, bit "0" is transmitted, and if a pulse is transmitted on or around frequency f1, bit "1" is transmitted. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] According to one embodiment, a system and method are provided for generating a new frame format for WUS that can be incorporated into 3GPP 5G NR. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] According to one embodiment, a wireless communication system is provided. The wireless communication system includes at least one cell station comprising at least one cell station comprising at least one cell station processor and at least one cell station memory configured to store computer program code; a conventional receiver; and at least one user device comprising a wake-up radio (WUR) comprising at least one WUR processor and at least one WUR memory configured to store computer program code, wherein the at least one cell station processor is configured to access at least one cell station memory and execute computer program code stored therein to generate a wake-up signal (WUS) comprising a user frame comprising a first preamble and a first data portion and a system frame comprising a second preamble and a second data portion; the WUR is configured to receive the WUS; and at least one WUR processor is configured to access at least one WUR memory and execute computer program code stored therein to identify the WUS and activate the conventional receiver.

[0007] Here, the system frame may include one or more pieces of information regarding the cell ID, the WUS duty cycle, a synchronization signal, and the coding rate of the user frame. In addition, the user frame may include information regarding parts of the WUS that should be ignored by the WUR. Furthermore, the coding rate of the system frame may differ from that of the user frame.

[0008] Here, the first data portion may include a control portion and a user data portion, the control portion may have a different coding rate than the user data portion, and the control portion may include information regarding the coding rate of the user data portion.

[0009] Here, WUS may include one of several on-off modulation (OOK) waveform symbols and one of several frequency-shifted modulation (FSK) waveform symbols.

[0010] Here, at least one WUR processor may be further configured to access at least one WUR memory, and to identify a second cell station in communication with the WUR by executing computer program code stored therein, and to activate a conventional receiver based on the identification of the second cell station.

[0011] Another embodiment provides a method for generating a wake-up signal (WUS) in a wireless communication system including at least one cell station and at least one user device including a conventional receiver and a wake-up radio (WUR). The method includes: generating a wake-up signal (WUS) by at least one cell station, comprising a user frame having a first preamble and a first data portion, and a system frame having a second preamble and a second data portion; receiving the WUS by the WUR, identifying the WUS by the WUR, and activating a conventional receiver by the WUR based on the identification of the WUS.

[0012] Here, the system frame may include one or more of the following: information about the cell ID, information about the WUS duty cycle, a synchronization signal, and information about the coding rate of the user frame.

[0013] Here, the user frame may contain information about parts of the WUS that should be ignored by the WUR.

[0014] Here, the coding rate of the system frame may differ from the coding rate of the user frame.

[0015] Here, the first data portion may include a control portion and a user data portion, the control portion may have a different coding rate than the user data portion, and the control portion may include information regarding the coding rate of the user data portion.

[0016] Here, WUS may include one of several on-off modulation (OOK) waveform symbols and one of several frequency-shifted modulation (FSK) waveform symbols.

[0017] In addition, the method may further include using the WUR to identify a second cell station in communication with the WUR, and using the WUR to activate a conventional receiver based on the identification of the second cell station.

[0018] In another embodiment, a non-temporary computer-readable medium is provided which stores instructions causing a processor to perform a method for generating a wake-up signal (WUS) when executed by the processor. The method includes generating a WUS comprising a user frame having a first preamble and a first data portion and a system frame having a second preamble and a second data portion by at least one cell station; receiving the WUS by a WUR; identifying the WUS by a WUR; and activating a conventional receiver by a WUR based on the identification of the WUS.

[0019] Here, the system frame may include one or more of the following: information about the cell ID, information about the WUS duty cycle, a synchronization signal, and information about the coding rate of the user frame.

[0020] Here, the user frame may contain information about parts of the WUS that should be ignored by the WUR.

[0021] Here, the coding rate of the system frame may differ from the coding rate of the user frame.

[0022] Here, the first data portion may include a control portion and a user data portion. The control portion may have a coding rate different from that of the user data portion, and the control portion may include information regarding the coding rate of the user data portion. In addition, the method may further include identifying a second cell station in communication with the WUR by the WUR, and activating a conventional receiver based on the identification of the second cell station by the WUR.

[0023] Additional aspects are presented in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the description, or may be realized by the implementation of the disclosed embodiments.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024] The features, aspects, and advantages of specific exemplary embodiments of the disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which like reference numerals represent like elements.

[0025] FIG. 1 illustrates two sample frame types according to one or more embodiments.

[0026] FIG. 2 illustrates a WUS frame according to one embodiment.

[0027] FIG. 3 is a diagram of an example of a network device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an example of a wireless communication system according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of generating WUS according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0030] The following detailed descriptions of embodiments refer to the accompanying drawings. The prior disclosures provide examples and descriptions, but are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit implementations to the exact forms disclosed. Modifications and alterations are possible in light of the prior disclosures or may be obtained from the implementations. Furthermore, one or more features or components of one embodiment may be integrated with or combined with other embodiments (or one or more features of other embodiments). In addition, in the flowcharts and descriptions of operations provided below, it is understood that one or more operations may be omitted, one or more operations may be added, one or more operations may be performed simultaneously (at least partially), and the order of one or more operations may be changed.

[0031] It will become clear that the systems and / or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware, firmware, or combinations of hardware and software. The actual specific control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not an implementation limitation. For this reason, the operation and behavior of the systems and / or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code. It is understood that software and hardware may be designed to implement the systems and / or methods based on the descriptions herein.

[0032] Even if certain combinations of features are described in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of possible implementations. In fact, many of these features may be combined in ways different from those specifically described in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification. Each of the dependent claims listed below may depend directly on only one claim, but the disclosure of possible implementations includes each dependent claim in combination with all other claims in the group of claims.

[0033] None of the elements, actions, or commands used herein should be interpreted as important or essential unless explicitly stated otherwise. Also, as used herein, the articles "a" and "an" are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with "one or more." When only one item is intended, the term "one" or similar is used. Also, as used herein, the terms "has," "have," "having," "include," "including," etc., are intended to be open-ended terms. Furthermore, the phrase "based on" means "at least partially based on" unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, expressions such as "at least one of A and B" or "at least one of A or B" are understood to include only A, only B, or both A and B.

[0034] Integrating the WUR / WUS concept into the 3GPP New Radio framework requires considering several challenges, including WUS frame design and the impact of mobility on WUR. Additionally, if WUS is transmitted on the same channels as conventional channels, in time-division multiplexing (TDD) mode, gNBs cannot transmit in the symbols / slots allocated for uplink (UL) transmissions.

[0035] The embodiment provides a new frame format for WUS that can be incorporated into 3GPP 5G NR. In particular, the embodiment introduces two frame types: a system frame and a user frame. The system frame can be used for mobility purposes. The cell ID may be transmitted in the system frame. Part of the cell ID may be transmitted in the synchronous sequence, and part of the cell ID may be transmitted in the payload. The user frame can indicate to the UE which WUS symbols should be ignored (because they do not contain WUS). As a result, power savings may be achieved on the UE side, leading to longer battery life.

[0036] WUS Frame Design

[0037] WUS may include frames. There may be one or more types of frames. The type of frame may be determined by at least the content of the frame. For example, the frame types may include user frames 100 and system information frames 150, as shown in Figure 1.

[0038] A first type of frame (e.g., a user frame 100) may include at least one of a preamble 102 and a data portion 104, where the data portion 104 may include a control portion 106 and a user data portion 108. The preamble 102 may include one or more reference signals and / or one or more synchronization signals. A second type of frame (e.g., a system information frame 150) may include at least one of a preamble 152 and a system data portion 154, where the system data portion 154 may include system information. The preambles for different frame types may be different. WUS frames may be transmitted by the transmitter on a duty cycle; that is, there may be a gap between two frames during which transmission of that frame type does not occur. The duty cycle of the user frame 100 may be indicated in the system frame 150. The duty cycle of the system frame 150 may be fixed or set / reset by higher-layer signaling such as radio resource control (RRC).

[0039] A frame may contain information bits (e.g., "1" and "0"). In the following, information bits are enclosed in quotation marks (or brackets) where necessary to avoid confusion. Each information bit may be encoded as one or more WUS waveform symbols. For example, when OOK is used as a waveform, the ON symbol may be represented as symbol 1 and the OFF symbol as symbol 0. In one embodiment, information bits "0" and "1" may be encoded as ""0": [OFF ON] =

[0001] " and ""1": [ON OFF] =

[0010] ".

[0040] Similarly, when FSK is used as a waveform, symbol 0 may be represented by a waveform generated using a first frequency, and symbol 1 may be represented by a waveform generated using a second frequency. In this case, two options for encoding the information bits are: in the first encoding method, the information bits are encoded as frequency transitions, e.g., transitions from a first frequency to a second frequency (e.g., "0": [f0 f1] =

[0001] and "1": [f1 f0] =

[0010] ); in the second encoding method, the information bits are encoded by frequency (e.g., "0": [f0] = [0] and "1": [f1] = [1]).

[0041] In one embodiment of the method, more than one coding rate may be supported. For example, at a coding rate of 1 / 2, the information bits may be represented as "0":

[0001] and "1":

[0010] . When a coding rate of 1 / 4 is used, the information bits may be represented by four symbols (for example, "0": [1 0 1 0] and "1": [0 1 0 1]).

[0042] The coding rates applicable to different frame types and / or different parts of a frame type may differ. For example, the system information frame 150 may be encoded at a 1 / 4 coding rate, and the coding rate of the user frame 100 may be 1 / 2 or 1 / 4. In other use cases, the preamble 102 and control portion 106 of the user frame 100 may be encoded at a 1 / 4 coding rate, and the user data portion 108 may be encoded at a 1 / 4 or 1 / 2 coding rate.

[0043] In one method according to one embodiment, a coding rate applicable to all or part of the user frame 100 may be indicated in the system frame 150. The coding rate of the system frame 150 may be fixed (e.g., 1 / 4). The coding rate of the user frame 100 or a portion of the user frame 100 (e.g., the user data portion 108) may be indicated in the system frame 150. In another method according to one embodiment, a coding rate applicable to the first portion of the user frame 100 may be indicated in the second portion. For example, the coding rate of the user data portion 108 may be indicated in the control portion 106.

[0044] In one embodiment, the coding rate may be indicated by a synchronization signal. The synchronization signal may include two or more sequences. For example, in a first option, the synchronization sequence signal may comprise [xx], where x may be a vector of information bits. In a second option, the synchronization sequence signal may comprise [xx / ], where x / (underlined x) may be the conjugate of x. Conjugation may mean that the conjugate of "0" is "1" and the conjugate of "1" is "0". The first option of the synchronization signal may indicate a first coding rate, and the second option of the synchronization signal may indicate a second coding rate. The coding rate of the synchronization signal may be fixed and known to the receiver.

[0045] In one embodiment, the symbol duration 210 (also expressed as t) of the WUS symbol may take on more than one possible value. For example, the ON or OFF signal in OOK signaling may be 2 microseconds or 4 microseconds. The symbol duration and coding rate may together determine the bit rate of the wake-up signal. The above methods disclosed for the coding rate may similarly be applied to the symbol duration. For example, the symbol duration used in system frame 150 may be set to t0 (e.g., 4 microseconds), and the symbol duration used in user frame 100 may be indicated in the system frame payload (e.g., system data 154).

[0046] In one embodiment, the UE may maintain a table of symbol duration and coding rate entries. The symbol duration-coding rate pairs used in the system frame 150 may be fixed (e.g., set by the RRC before the conventional receiver transitions to off mode and stored in the WUR), and the symbol duration-coding rate pairs used in the user frame 100 may be indicated in the system frame payload (e.g., system data 154) (e.g., as an index to one of the entries in the table). In other methods, the symbol duration-coding rate pairs may be indicated in the control portion 106 of the user frame 100, and / or by using synchronization signals, similar to those disclosed above.

[0047] Coexistence of WUS with conventional channels

[0048] WUS may be transmitted on conventional channels. For example, a gNB may allocate 4 MHz of a 20 MHz channel to WUS and use the remaining portion of the channel for conventional NR channels such as downlink shared channels. Since WUS frames may be transmitted on a duty cycle, 4 MHz does not always need to be allocated to WUS, but only when WUS frames are being transmitted.

[0049] In some cases, the transmitter cannot transmit WUS. For example, in a time-division multiplexing (TDD) configuration, some slots and / or some OFDM symbols within slots (e.g., OFDM symbol 220) may be allocated for uplink (UL) transmission (i.e., the gNB cannot perform downlink (DL) transmission). In one embodiment, the WUS frame may include information used to indicate to the WUR which parts of the WUS frame should be ignored (because in these parts the gNB is in UL receive mode and cannot actually transmit in DL). There may be some other use cases in which certain parts of the WUS frame need to be punctured. For example, in the first three symbols in a conventional slot, the entire channel bandwidth (e.g., 20 MHz) may be used for the downlink control channel (PDCCH), and no WUS may be transmitted in these symbols.

[0050] In one embodiment, a portion of a WUS frame that the WUR should ignore (for example, due to the non-transmission of WUS in that portion), such as portion 230, may be indicated to the WUR. Ignoring may mean that the WUR does not estimate WUS symbols in the time intervals corresponding to these portions, or does not use estimated symbols to decode information bits.

[0051] In one method according to one embodiment, when FSK is used as the WUS waveform, the receiver may determine that a particular WUS symbol may be ignored if at least one of the following is true: (1) the receiver estimates the signal at all possible frequencies (e.g., f0 and f1) and the signal power is below a threshold for all possible frequencies (i.e., no signal exists); (2) the receiver estimates the signal at all possible frequencies and the signal power is above a threshold for all possible frequencies (i.e., other types of signals, such as one of the conventional channels, exist); or (3) the receiver estimates the signal at all possible frequencies and the largest difference in signal power is above or below a threshold.

[0052] In another method according to one embodiment, the portion 230 of the WUS frame that should be ignored by the WUR may be signaled to the WUR. The duration of the WUS information bits may be shorter than the duration 220 of the OFDM symbol for a conventional system. For example, with a subcarrier interval of 15 kHz, a conventional slot is 1 ms, and there are 14 OFDM symbols in one slot, so the duration of a conventional OFDM symbol is approximately 72 microseconds. On the other hand, the length of the WUS symbol may be significantly shorter (e.g., 2 or 4 microseconds).

[0053] The portion of the WUS frame to be ignored 230 may be signaled. For example, the control portion 106 of the user frame 100 may include a bitmap in which each bit indicates whether a particular number of WUS symbols in the user data portion 108 should be ignored or not. For example, suppose the user data portion 108 of frame 100 contains M WUS symbols. In a bitmap of length k, each bit may indicate to the WUR whether the corresponding M / k WUS symbols should be ignored or accepted. The gNB scheduler may ensure that the control portion 106 is always transmitted. In one way, the length of frame 100 may be indicated or set to be fixed, and the symbols to be ignored 230 may be excluded from the frame length.

[0054] WUS Mobility

[0055] In some cases, the WUR may be mobile and may move from the coverage area of ​​one cell to the coverage area of ​​another cell. New cells may not have WUR information, or may not support WUS at all. Therefore, it is necessary for the WUR to monitor serving cells. This may be achieved by a WUR that determines and monitors cell IDs (e.g., periodically).

[0056] The cell ID may be determined as follows. The WUR may monitor the WUS frame (e.g., system frame 150). One of the synchronization signals in the frame (e.g., the synchronization sequence) may be determined by the cell ID or a portion of the cell ID. The sequence may be a pseudo-random sequence (e.g., an "m-sequence" as is common in the main synchronization sequences used in conventional 5G NR systems). The synchronization sequence may also be transmitted by the WUS waveform. For example, if the sequence is "S = ["0" "0" "1" "0" "1" "1" ...]", bits 0 and 1 may be transmitted by waveforms such as OOK and FSK. The synchronization sequence may also be transmitted in the preamble 152 of the system information frame 150. For example, "cell ID = cell-ID(1) + cell-ID(2)". The WUR may determine 'cell-ID(1)' from the received synchronization sequence by, for example, correlating the received sequence with a set of template sequences corresponding to possible 'cell-ID(1)' values ​​(for example, 'cell-ID(1)' may be 0, 1, and 2, corresponding to three possible synchronization sequences).

[0057] Other parts of the cell ID (e.g., 'cell-ID(2)') may be transmitted in the payload of frame 150 (e.g., system data 154). Once the WUR has determined 'cell-ID(1)' and performed timing / frequency synchronization, the WUR may receive and decode the payload, which may also contain the rest of the cell ID.

[0058] In some cases, the WUR may determine that the serving cell has changed. In this case, the WUR may decide to wake up the main receiver. The main receiver may proceed to perform conventional procedures such as measurement and cell reselection. The WUR may decide to wake up the main receiver if at least one of the following scenarios applies:

[0059] In the first scenario, the detected 'cell-ID(1)' has changed (for example, from the previous system frame to the current system frame). This may be determined by the WUR in the following example: 'cell-ID(1)' can take values ​​of 0, 1, and 2. The current 'cell-ID(1)' was previously determined to be 0 by the WUR. The WUR correlates the received sequence with the sequences corresponding to the values ​​of 0, 1, and 2 for 'cell-ID(1)'. The correlation of the received signal with the sequence corresponding to a value of 1 or 2 for 'cell-ID(1)' is greater than the correlation of the received signal with the sequence corresponding to the current value of 0 for 'cell-ID(1)'. The correlation may be performed using the filtered (i.e., averaged) received signal.

[0060] In the second scenario, the WUR may continue to count the number of times it determines that the serving cell has changed (i.e., the received signal has a higher correlation with the sequence corresponding to another 'cell-ID(1)'). The counter may be reset if the received signal has a higher correlation with the sequence corresponding to the current 'cell-ID(1)'. When the counter reaches a predetermined value, the WUR may decide to wake up the main receiver.

[0061] In the third scenario, the measurement results of the received synchronization signal deteriorated. For example, the received power fell below the threshold. Note that the signal power may be filtered. Alternatively, the cross-correlation between the received signal and the sequence corresponding to 'cell-ID(1)' fell below the threshold or was not at its maximum.

[0062] In Scenario 4, the WUR may decode the frame payload, and the 'cell-ID(2)' in the payload may not be the same (i.e., it changed between the previous frame and the current frame).

[0063] The payload bits in system frame 150 may be scrambled with a scrambling sequence which is a function of 'cell-ID(1)'. A frame check sequence may be added to the frame, which may be scrambled with a sequence determined from 'cell-ID(1)'.

[0064] In other embodiments, the payload of the system frame 150 may consist of at least two parts of system data. The first part may include 'cell-ID(2)', and the second part may include other system information. The two parts may have different frame checksums. The second part may be scrambled with a sequence which may be a function of 'cell-ID'. The checksum of the second part may be scrambled with a sequence determined from 'cell-ID'. These methods are also applicable to user frames 100. For example, user frame bits may be scrambled with a sequence determined from one of 'cell-ID', 'cell-ID(1)', or 'cell-ID(2)'.

[0065] The foregoing disclosures are illustrative and descriptive, but are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit implementations to the exact forms disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the foregoing disclosures or may be derived from the execution of implementations.

[0066] Moving to Figure 3, the methods and processes described herein may be performed on device 300, which may correspond to any type of known computer, server, or data processing device. For example, device 300 may comprise a printed circuit board (PCB) with a processor, personal computer (PC), or computing device, minicomputer, mainframe computer, microcomputer, telephone computing device, wired / wireless computing device (e.g., smartphone, personal digital assistant (PDA)), laptop, tablet, smart device, or any other similar functional device.

[0067] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3, the device 300 may include a set of components such as a processor 320, memory 330, storage component 340, input component 350, output component 360, and communication interface 370.

[0068] Bus 310 may comprise one or more components that enable communication between sets of components of device 300. For example, bus 310 may be a communication bus, a crossover bar, a network, etc. Although bus 310 is shown as a single line in Figure 3, bus 310 may be implemented using multiple (two or more) connections between sets of components of device 300. The disclosure is not limited in this respect.

[0069] Device 300 may comprise one or more processors, such as a processor 320. The processor 320 may be implemented as hardware, firmware, and / or a combination of hardware and software. For example, the processor 320 may comprise a central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), acceleration unit (APU), microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor (DSP), FPGA (field-programmable gate array), ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit), general-purpose single-chip or multi-chip processor, or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of these designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor 320 may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors with DSP cores, or any other such configuration. In some embodiments, specific processes and methods may be performed by circuits specialized for a given function.

[0070] The processor 320 may control the overall operation of device 300 and / or a set of components of device 300 (e.g., memory 330, storage component 340, input component 350, output component 360, communication interface 370).

[0071] Device 300 may further comprise memory 330. In some embodiments, memory 330 may comprise random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, magnetic memory, optical memory, and / or other types of dynamic or static storage devices. Memory 330 may store information and / or instructions for use (e.g., execution) by processor 320.

[0072] The storage component 340 of device 300 may store information and / or computer-readable instructions and / or code related to the operation and use of device 300. For example, the storage component 340 may include, along with a corresponding drive, a hard disk (e.g., magnetic disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, and / or solid-state disk), a compact disk (CD), a digital multipurpose disk (DVD), a universal serial bus (USB) flash drive, a PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) card, a floppy disk, a cartridge, a magnetic tape, and / or other types of non-temporary computer-readable media.

[0073] Device 300 may further comprise an input component 350. The input component 350 may include one or more components that enable Device 300 to receive information via user input (e.g., a touchscreen, keyboard, keypad, mouse, stylus, button, switch, microphone, camera, etc.). Alternatively or in addition, the input component 350 may include sensors for measuring information (e.g., a global positioning system (GPS) component, accelerometer, gyroscope, actuator, etc.).

[0074] The output component 360 of device 300 may include one or more components that provide output information from device 300 (e.g., a display, liquid crystal display (LCD), light-emitting diode (LED), organic light-emitting diode (OLED), haptic feedback device, speaker, etc.).

[0075] Device 300 may further include a communication interface 370. The communication interface 370 may include a receiver component, a transmitter component, and / or a transceiver component. The communication interface 370 may enable device 300 to establish connections with other devices (e.g., a server, other devices) and / or to forward communications with other devices. Communications may be enabled via wired connections, wireless connections, or a combination of wired and wireless connections. The communication interface 370 may enable device 300 to receive information from other devices and / or provide information to other devices. In some embodiments, the communication interface 370 may provide communication with other devices via a network (local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), metropolitan area network (MAN), private network, ad hoc network, intranet, internet, fiber optic network, cellular network (e.g., 5G network, LTE (long-term evolution) network, 3G network, CDMA (code division multiple access) network, etc.), public land mobile network (PLMN), telephone network (e.g., PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network), etc., and / or a combination of these or other types of networks, etc.). Alternatively or in addition, the communication interface 370 may provide communication with other devices via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link such as FlashLinQ, WiMedia, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi, LTE, 5G, etc. In other embodiments, the communication interface 370 may include an Ethernet interface, optical interface, coaxial interface, infrared interface, radio frequency (RF) interface, etc.

[0076] Device 300 may execute one or more processes described herein. Device 300 may perform operations based on a processor 320 that executes computer-readable instructions, and / or code which may be stored in a non-temporary computer-readable medium such as memory 330 and / or storage component 340. The computer-readable medium may represent a non-temporary memory device. The memory device may include a memory space within a single physical storage device, and / or a memory space distributed across multiple physical storage devices.

[0077] Some embodiments may also relate to systems, methods, and / or computer-readable media at a technical level of any possible integration. Furthermore, one or more of the above components may be implemented as instructions that are stored on a computer-readable medium and are executable by at least one processor (and / or may include at least one processor). The computer-readable medium may include a computer-readable non-temporary storage medium (or medium) that stores computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to perform an operation.

[0078] A computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible device capable of holding and storing instructions for use by an instruction execution device. A computer-readable storage medium may, but is not limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. A non-exhaustive list of more specific examples of computer-readable storage media includes: portable computer diskettes, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital multipurpose disks (DVDs), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanically encoded devices such as punch cards or grooves on which instructions are recorded, and any suitable combination thereof. The computer-readable storage medium used herein is not to be interpreted as a transient signal itself, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through waveguides or other transmitting media (e.g., light pulses passing through fiber optic cables), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.

[0079] The computer-readable program instructions described herein may be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to each computing / processing device, or downloaded to an external computer or external storage device via a network such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and / or a wireless network. The network may include copper transmission cables, optical transmission fibers, wireless transmissions, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and transfers them to storage in the computer-readable storage medium within each computing / processing device.

[0080] The computer-readable program code / instructions for performing the operation may be assembler instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, configuration data for integrated circuits, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk and C++, and procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" programming language, or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may be executed as a standalone software package, either entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN), and the connection may be to an external computer (for example, via the Internet using an Internet Service Provider). In some embodiments, for example, an electronic circuit including a programmable logic circuit, an FPGA (field-programmable gate array), or a programmable logic array (PLA) may execute computer-readable program instructions by utilizing state information of computer-readable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuit in order to perform a side or operation.

[0081] These computer-readable program instructions may be provided to a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, or a processor 320 of another programmable data processing device to generate a device such that instructions executed via the processor 320 of a computer or other programmable data processing device generate means for implementing functions / actions described in flowcharts and / or block diagrams (one or more blocks). These computer-readable program instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as a memory 330 that can instruct a computer, a programmable data processing device, and / or other device to function in a particular manner such that the computer-readable storage medium containing the instructions has a creation containing instructions that implement aspects of functions / actions described in flowcharts and / or block diagrams (one or more blocks).

[0082] Computer-readable program instructions may be loaded onto a computer, another programmable device, or another device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer, another programmable device, or other device to generate a computer-implemented process in which instructions executed on the computer, another programmable device, or other device implement a function / action described in a flowchart and / or block diagram (one or more blocks).

[0083] Computer-readable instructions and / or code may be read into the memory 330 and / or storage component 340 from other computer-readable media or from other devices via the communication interface 370. When the computer-readable instructions and / or code stored in the memory 330 and / or storage component 340 are executed by the processor 320, or at times, one or more of the processes described herein may be executed by the device 300.

[0084] Alternatively, or in addition, wired circuits may be used instead of, or in combination with, software instructions to perform one or more of the processes described herein. Thus, the embodiments described herein are not limited to any particular combination of hardware circuits and software.

[0085] The number and arrangement of components shown in Figure 3 are provided as an example. In practice, additional components, fewer components, different components, or components in different arrangements may be provided in addition to those shown in Figure 3. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Figure 3 may be implemented within a single component, and a single component shown in Figure 3 may be implemented as multiple distributed components. In addition or alternatively, one or more sets of components shown in Figure 3 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by other sets of components shown in Figure 3.

[0086] Figure 4 shows an example of a wireless communication system according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The wireless communication system 400 (which may be referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN)) may include one or more user equipment (UEs) 410, one or more base stations 420, at least one transport network 430, and at least one core network 440. Device 300 (Figure 3) may be integrated into the UE 410 or base station 420.

[0087] One or more UE410s may access at least one core network 440 and / or IP service 450 via connections to one or more base stations 420 on the RAN domain 424 and through at least one transport network 430. Examples of UE410s may include cellular phones, smartphones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radios, global positioning systems (GPS), multimedia devices, video devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, tablets, smart devices, wearable devices, vehicles, electric meters, gas pumps, large or small kitchen appliances, healthcare devices, implants, sensors / actuators, displays, or any other similarly functioning devices. Some of the one or more UE410s may be represented as Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices (e.g., parking meters, gas pumps, toasters, vehicles, cardiac monitors, etc.). One or more UE410s may be referred to as a station, mobile station, subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile agent, client, or some other appropriate expression.

[0088] One or more base stations 420 may communicate wirelessly with one or more UEs 410 on the RAN domain 424. Each of the one or more base stations 420 may provide communication coverage to one or more UEs 410 located within the geographical coverage area of ​​the base station 420. In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 4, the base station 420 may transmit one or more beamformed signals to one or more UEs 410 in one or more transmit directions. One or more UEs 410 may receive beamformed signals from the base station 420 in one or more receive directions. Alternatively or in addition, one or more UEs 410 may transmit beamformed signals to the base station 420 in one or more transmit directions. The base station 420 may receive beamformed signals from one or more UEs 410 in one or more receive directions.

[0089] One or more base stations 420 may include macrocells (e.g., high-power cellular base stations) and / or small cells (e.g., low-power cellular base stations). Small cells may include femtocells, picocells, and microcells. Base stations 420 that are macrocells or large cells may include and / or be called access points (APs), evolved (or evolved universal terrestrial wireless access network (E-UTRAN)) Node B (eNBs), next-generation Node B (gNBs), or any other type of base station known to those skilled in the art.

[0090] One or more base stations 420 may be configured to interface (e.g., establish connection, transfer data, etc.) with at least one core network 440 through at least one transport network 430. In addition to other functions, one or more base stations 420 may perform one or more of the following functions: transferring data received from one or more UEs 410 (e.g., uplink data) to at least one core network 440 via at least one transport network 430; and transferring data received from at least one core network 440 (e.g., downlink data) to one or more UEs 410 via at least one transport network 430.

[0091] The transport network 430 may transmit data (e.g., uplink data, downlink data) and / or signaling between the RAN domain 424 and the CN domain 444. For example, the transport network 430 may provide one or more backhaul links between one or more base stations 420 and at least one core network 440. The backhaul links may be wired or wireless.

[0092] The core network 440 may be configured to provide one or more services (e.g., enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC), and massive machine type communications (mMTC), etc.) to one or more UEs 410 connected to the RAN domain 424 via the TN domain 434. Alternatively or in addition, the core network 440 may function as an entry point for IP services 450. IP services 450 may include the internet, intranets, IP multimedia subsystems (IMS), streaming services (e.g., video, audio, gaming, etc.), and / or other IP services.

[0093] Figure 5 shows one embodiment of the method for generating the WUS disclosed herein. Specifically, the method includes operation S510, in which a wake-up signal (WUS) comprising a user frame and a system frame is generated, where the user frame comprises a first preamble and a first data portion, and the system frame comprises a second preamble and a second data portion. Subsequently, the WUS is received by the wake-up radio in operation S520. The WUR recognizes the WUS in operation S530, and in response to the WUS, the wake-up radio activates a conventional receiver in operation S540.

[0094] The illustrated flowcharts and block diagrams illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer-readable media according to various embodiments. Here, each block in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a microservice, module, segment, or portion of instructions comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a particular logical function. The methods, computer systems, and computer-readable media may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or different arrangements of blocks than those shown in the diagrams. In some alternative implementations, the functions shown in the blocks may occur outside the order shown in the diagrams. For example, two blocks shown consecutively may actually be executed concurrently or substantially concurrently, depending on the functions involved, or the blocks may be executed in reverse order. Each block in the illustrated block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the illustrated block diagrams and / or flowcharts, may be implemented by a system based on dedicated hardware that performs a particular function or action, or by executing a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0095] It will become clear that the systems and / or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware, firmware, or combinations of hardware and software. The actual specific control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not an implementation limitation. For this reason, the operation and behavior of the systems and / or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code. It is understood that software and hardware may be designed to implement the systems and / or methods based on the descriptions herein.

Claims

1. The user equipment includes a wake-up radio (WUR) comprising a receiver, and at least one WUR processor and at least one WUR memory configured to store computer program code, The WUR is configured to receive a wake-up signal (WUS) from at least one cell station, comprising a user frame having a first preamble and a first data portion, and a system frame having a second preamble and a second data portion. The at least one WUR processor is configured to access the at least one WUR memory and to identify the WUS and activate the receiver by executing the computer program code stored therein. Wireless communication system.

2. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the system frame comprises one or more information relating to a cell ID, information relating to the duty cycle of the WUS, a synchronization signal, and information relating to the coding rate of the user frame.

3. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the user frame comprises information relating to a portion of the WUS that should be ignored by the WUR.

4. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the coding rate of the system frame is different from the coding rate of the user frame.

5. The aforementioned first data portion comprises a control portion and a user data portion. The control portion has a different coding rate from the user data portion. The control portion includes information relating to the coding rate of the user data portion. The wireless communication system according to claim 1.

6. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the WUS is composed of one of a plurality of on-off modulation (OOK) waveform symbols and a plurality of frequency-shift modulation (FSK) waveform symbols.

7. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one WUR processor is further configured to access the at least one WUR memory, to identify a second cell station in communication with the WUR by executing the computer program code stored therein, and to activate the receiver based on the identification of the second cell station.

8. A method, performed by at least one processor, for using a wake-up signal (WUS) in a wireless communication system comprising user equipment including a receiver and a wake-up radio (WUR), The WUR receives a wake-up signal (WUS) from at least one cell station, comprising a user frame having a first preamble and a first data portion, and a system frame having a second preamble and a second data portion. The WUR identifies the WUS, Based on the identification of the WUS, the receiver is activated by the WUR, A method for providing this.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the system frame comprises one or more information relating to a cell ID, information relating to the duty cycle of the WUS, a synchronization signal, and information relating to the coding rate of the user frame.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the user frame comprises information relating to a portion of the WUS that should be ignored by the WUR.

11. The method according to claim 8, wherein the coding rate of the system frame is different from the coding rate of the user frame.

12. The aforementioned first data portion comprises a control portion and a user data portion. The control portion has a different coding rate from the user data portion. The control portion includes information relating to the coding rate of the user data portion. The method according to claim 8.

13. The method according to claim 8, wherein the WUS is composed of one of a plurality of on-off modulation (OOK) waveform symbols and a plurality of frequency-shift modulation (FSK) waveform symbols.

14. The WUR identifies the second cell station in communication with the WUR, The WUR activates the receiver based on the identification of the second cell station, The method according to claim 8, further comprising:

15. A non-temporary computer-readable medium storing instructions that cause the processor to perform a method of using a wake-up signal (WUS) when executed by the processor, The aforementioned method, The WUR receives a wake-up signal (WUS) from at least one cell station, comprising a user frame having a first preamble and a first data portion, and a system frame having a second preamble and a second data portion. The WUR identifies the WUS, Based on the identification of the WUS, the WUR activates the receiver, A non-temporary computer-readable medium equipped with [a specific feature / feature].

16. The non-temporary computer-readable medium according to claim 15, wherein the system frame comprises one or more information relating to a cell ID, information relating to the duty cycle of the WUS, a synchronization signal, and information relating to the coding rate of the user frame.

17. The non-temporary computer-readable medium according to claim 15, wherein the user frame comprises information relating to a portion of the WUS that should be ignored by the WUR.

18. The non-temporary computer-readable medium according to claim 15, wherein the coding rate of the system frame is different from the coding rate of the user frame.

19. The aforementioned first data portion comprises a control portion and a user data portion. The control portion has a different coding rate from the user data portion. The control portion includes information relating to the coding rate of the user data portion. The non-temporary computer-readable medium according to claim 15.

20. The aforementioned method, The WUR identifies the second cell station in communication with the WUR, The WUR activates the receiver based on the identification of the second cell station, A non-temporary computer-readable medium according to claim 15, further comprising:

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