Finishing structure

Abstract

To provide a finishing structure capable of suppressing cracks in a board material formed by stacking multiple sheets of board material.SOLUTION: The finishing structure includes: a plate-like base material 22 fixed to a support member (ceiling joist 18) that is fixed to the skeleton; a plate-shaped finishing material 24 fixed to the base material 22 with joints placed in different positions from the joints of the base material 22; and a strip member 26 bonded to the finishing material 24 while spanning the joints of the finishing material 24 for suppressing the opening of the joints of the finishing material 24.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a finishing structure.

Background Art

[0002] The following Patent Document 1 shows a direct bonding structure in which an interior board is adhered to a body wall using an adhesive.

Prior Art Document

Patent Document

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In the direct bonding structure of the reinforcing member of Patent Document 1 above, the interior board is directly bonded to the body wall. Here, among boards used as building materials, there are some that expand and contract due to changes in humidity. When the interior board expands and contracts due to changes in humidity, the joints between the interior boards may expand or contract. Since the body wall is sufficiently rigid compared to the interior board, the probability of cracking due to the expansion of the joints is low.

[0005] On the other hand, walls and ceiling materials in a building may be laminated with a base material board and a finishing material board to form a double or more layer structure. When a plurality of boards are arranged in this way, if the joints of one board expand or contract, a bending moment may be generated in the other board at the joint portion, and the other board may crack.

[0006] In view of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to suppress cracking of boards in a finishing structure formed by laminating a plurality of boards.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] The finishing structure of claim 1 comprises a plate-shaped base material fixed to a support member fixed to the building structure, a plate-shaped finishing material fixed to the base material with joints positioned at different locations from the joints of the base material, and the finishing material Outside the joint, the aforementioned The device comprises a strip-shaped member that is adhered to the finishing material while spanning the joint, and which suppresses the opening of the joint of the finishing material.

[0008] In a finished structure formed by a base material and a finishing material, if the joint positions of the base material and the finishing material differ, tensile forces will act on each other when the base material and the finishing material expand and contract, for example, due to changes in humidity. At this time, a bending moment will be generated at the joints of the base material or the finishing material, which may cause the finishing material or the base material to crack.

[0009] For example, when the base material and finishing material shrink due to drying, at the joints of the finishing material, the finishing material moves away from the base material while the base material shrinks. This generates a bending moment in the base material at the joints of the finishing material, which can cause the base material to crack.

[0010] Therefore, in the finishing structure of claim 1, the strip-shaped member is bonded to the finishing material while spanning across the joints of the finishing material, thereby suppressing the opening of the joints of the finishing material. This suppresses the bending moment generated in the base material and prevents cracking of the base material.

[0011] The finishing structure of claim 2 is, The system comprises a plate-shaped base material fixed to a support member fixed to the building structure, a plate-shaped finishing material fixed to the base material with joints positioned at different locations from the joints of the base material, and a strip-shaped member that spans the joints of the finishing material and is adhered to the finishing material to suppress the opening of the joints of the finishing material. The aforementioned finishing material has a greater rate of expansion and contraction due to humidity changes than the aforementioned base material.

[0012] In the finishing structure of claim 2, the finishing material has a greater rate of expansion and contraction due to humidity changes than the substrate material. That is, the finishing material moves more than the substrate material due to humidity changes. For this reason, if there is no strip-shaped member, the bending moment generated at the joint portion of the finishing material may be larger compared to the case where the expansion and contraction rates of the substrate material and the finishing material are the same.

[0013] However, by suppressing the opening of the joints in the finishing material using the strip-shaped member, the bending moment can be suppressed, thereby effectively preventing the base material or finishing material from cracking.

[0014] The finishing structure of claim 3 is, The system comprises a plate-shaped base material fixed to a support member fixed to the building structure, a plate-shaped finishing material fixed to the base material with joints positioned at different locations from the joints of the base material, and a strip-shaped member that spans the joints of the finishing material and is adhered to the finishing material to suppress the opening of the joints of the finishing material. If the thickness of the base material is t1 and the elastic modulus of the base material is E1, and the thickness of the strip-shaped member is t2 and the elastic modulus of the strip-shaped member is E2, then the following equation holds true. 0.5 ≤ (e2t2E2) / (e1t1E1)

[0015] In the finishing structure of claim 3, the relationship 0.5 ≤ (e2t2E2) / (e1t1E1) is given. That is, when viewed from the center line of the finishing material, the bending moment due to the axial force of the strip member (e2t2BE2δ / L) is 0.5 times or more the bending moment due to the axial force of the base material (e1t1BE1δ / L), and the relationship 0.5 ≤ (e2t2E2) / (e1t1E1) holds. Considering variations in the physical properties of various materials, it is preferable that the rigidity balance of the base material and the strip member satisfies this relationship in order to make the stress generated in the base material about half of the fracture stress. This can suppress cracking of the base material. B, δ, and L will be described later.

[0016] The finishing structure of claim 4 is the finishing structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein the adhesive used to bond the base material and the finishing material is the same adhesive used to bond the finishing material and the strip-shaped member.

[0017] In the finishing structure of claim 4, the adhesive used to bond the base material and the finishing material is the same adhesive used to bond the finishing material and the strip-shaped member. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the influence of differences in the elasticity of the adhesives on the expansion and contraction of the base material and the strip-shaped member.

[0018] The finishing structure of claim 5 is the finishing structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein the base material and the finishing material form a ceiling surface.

[0019] In the finishing structure of claim 5, the base material and the finishing material form the ceiling surface. The ceiling surface is likely to have a large area compared to the wall surface. Therefore, the area per sheet of the surface material tends to be large, and the amount of expansion and contraction due to water absorption and drying tends to be large. In this finishing structure, even when the amount of expansion and contraction is large in this way, it is possible to effectively suppress the inner board from cracking.

[0020] The finishing structure of claim 6 is the finishing structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adhesion width of the strip-shaped member to the finishing material is 3 times or more the thickness of the finishing material.

[0021] In the finishing structure of claim 6, the adhesion width of the strip-shaped member to the finishing material is 3 times or more the thickness of the finishing material. Thereby, stress is smoothly transmitted from the finishing material to the strip-shaped member.

Effect of the Invention

[0022] According to the present invention, in a finishing structure formed by laminating a plurality of plate materials, cracking of the plate materials can be suppressed.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] [Figure 1] It is a perspective view showing an example of a ceiling structure as a finishing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is an exploded perspective view of a ceiling structure as an example of a finishing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] [[ID=X29]]It is a cross-sectional view showing the finishing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] (A) is a cross-sectional view showing the state before deformation due to humidity of the finishing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a cross-sectional view showing the axial force acting when deformation is about to occur. [Figure 5] (A) is a cross-sectional view showing the state before deformation due to humidity of the surface member according to the comparative example, and (B) is a cross-sectional view showing the state after deformation.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0024] The finishing structures according to embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Components indicated by the same reference numerals in each drawing are considered to be the same component. However, unless otherwise specified in the specification, each component is not limited to one, and there may be multiple such components.

[0025] Furthermore, explanations of redundant components and reference numerals in each drawing may be omitted. This disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described below, and modifications may be made as appropriate, such as omitting components or substituting them with different components, within the scope of the purpose of this disclosure.

[0026] In each drawing, the directions indicated by arrows X and Y are along the horizontal plane and are perpendicular to each other. The direction indicated by arrow Z is along the vertical direction (up and down). In each drawing, the directions indicated by arrows X, Y, and Z are assumed to coincide with each other.

[0027] <Ceiling Structure> Figure 1 shows a ceiling structure as an example of a finishing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. This ceiling structure comprises a support member 10 and a surface member 20.

[0028] (Support member) The support member 10 is a suspension member fixed to the slab (not shown) as part of the building structure, and is composed of a suspension bolt 12, a hanger 14, a joist support 16, and a joist 18.

[0029] The suspension bolts 12 are, for example, fully threaded bolts whose upper ends are screwed into anchor nuts embedded in the underside of the slab, and are arranged along the vertical direction. Furthermore, the suspension bolts 12 are arranged at predetermined intervals in two mutually orthogonal directions (X and Y directions).

[0030] The hanger 14 is a component fixed to the lower end of a suspension bolt using a nut. Multiple hangers 14 are arranged along the Y direction, and ceiling joist supports 16 are spanned and fixed between them.

[0031] The joist hangers 16 are elongated members arranged along the Y direction. Furthermore, the joist hangers 16 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the X direction (equal to the intervals of the suspension bolts 12).

[0032] The ceiling joists 18 are long members arranged along the X direction and are fixed to the ceiling joist supports 16 using clips (not shown). The ceiling joists 18 are also arranged in the Y direction at predetermined intervals (narrower intervals than the intervals of the ceiling joist supports 16 in the X direction).

[0033] (Face member) The surface member 20 is composed of a base material 22, a finishing material 24, and a strip-shaped member 26, and forms the ceiling surface of the building.

[0034] As shown in Figure 2, the base material 22 is a board positioned below the furring strips 18 and fixed to the furring strips 18. The longitudinal direction of the base material 22 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the furring strips 18. That is, the longitudinal direction of the base material 22 is along the Y direction. Multiple pieces of the base material 22 are arranged side by side in both the X and Y directions.

[0035] Furthermore, the base material 22 is formed using gypsum board and expands and contracts with changes in humidity. For example, when the ambient humidity rises and the moisture content increases, the base material 22 expands in the in-plane direction. On the other hand, when the ambient humidity decreases and the moisture content decreases, the base material 22 contracts in the in-plane direction.

[0036] The finishing material 24 is a board material positioned below the base material 22 and fixed to the base material 22 with adhesive. The length of the finishing material 24 is perpendicular to the length of the base material 22. That is, the length of the finishing material 24 is along the X direction. Multiple pieces of the finishing material 24 are arranged side by side in both the X and Y directions.

[0037] Furthermore, the longitudinal direction of the base material 22 may be aligned with the X direction, and the longitudinal direction of the finishing material 24 may be aligned with the Y direction. In addition, although the longitudinal directions of the base material 22 and the finishing material 24 are different in this example, these directions may be aligned with either the X direction or the Y direction.

[0038] The finishing material 24 is formed using calcium silicate board and expands and contracts with changes in humidity. For example, when the ambient humidity rises and the moisture content increases, the base material 22 expands in the in-plane direction. On the other hand, when the ambient humidity decreases and the moisture content decreases, the base material 22 contracts in the in-plane direction.

[0039] The expansion and contraction rates of the base material 22 and the finishing material 24 due to humidity changes (expansion and contraction rates when the ambient humidity changes by 1%) are not particularly limited, but in this embodiment, the expansion and contraction rate of the finishing material 24 is greater than that of the base material 22.

[0040] The size of each piece of finishing material 24 is equal to the size of each piece of base material 22. However, in places such as the edges of a ceiling, the base material 22 and finishing material 24 are cut to size as appropriate to match the area and shape of the space below the ceiling, so their sizes are not constant.

[0041] Furthermore, considering the aesthetic appeal of the finishing material 24 when viewed visually, the size and shape of each piece of finishing material 24 may be determined independently of the size and shape of the base material 22. For example, the finishing material 24 can be formed into a square shape of a desired size and arranged in a grid pattern. Another example is that the finishing material 24 can be formed into a rectangular shape and arranged so that the joints form a staggered pattern. In addition, the finishing material 24 may also be triangular or hexagonal in shape.

[0042] The strip-shaped member 26 is a tape or plate-like member that is adhered to the finishing material 24, spanning across the joints of the finishing material 24, and suppresses the opening of the joints of the finishing material 24. As an example of this tape or plate-like member, a thin sheet of steel is used. As shown in Figure 4(A), the adhesive width W of the strip-shaped member 26 to the finishing material 24 is three times the thickness t3 of the finishing material 24. The adhesive G that adheres the base material 22 and the finishing material 24 and the adhesive G that adheres the finishing material 24 and the strip-shaped member 26 are equal in strength.

[0043] The material used to form the strip-shaped member 26 is not particularly limited, and film-like materials such as polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, fluorine, and FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics) can be used. Alternatively, sheet-shaped materials such as iron-based metals like steel, aluminum, aluminum alloys, copper, copper alloys, titanium, resins (polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polyetheretherketone, epoxy, phenol, acrylic, etc.), and ceramics can be used. The thickness of the strip-shaped member 26 can be appropriately determined according to the elastic modulus of the selected material.

[0044] (Joint structure) As described above, the longitudinal direction of the base material 22 is along the Y direction, while the longitudinal direction of the finishing material 24 is along the X direction. Therefore, as shown in Figure 3, the joints of the base material 22 and the joints of the finishing material 24 are located in different positions. "Different positions" means different positions when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the in-plane direction of the base material 22 and the finishing material 24.

[0045] More precisely, the joints of the base material 22 that run along the X-direction and the joints of the finishing material 24 that run along the X-direction are positioned at different locations. Also, the joints of the base material 22 that run along the Y-direction and the joints of the finishing material 24 that run along the Y-direction are positioned at different locations.

[0046] Depending on the size of the base material 22 and the finishing material 24, the joints of the base material 22 "along the X direction" and the joints of the finishing material 24 "along the X direction" may be partially located in the same position, and such configurations are also permitted. The same applies to joints "along the Y direction". Furthermore, the joints along the X direction and the joints along the Y direction may overlap.

[0047] In Figure 3, the thicknesses of the underlayment 22 and finishing material 24 are exaggerated relative to the size of the joists 18 in order to make the joint structure easier to understand. The same applies to the joint width.

[0048] Here, if the joint positions of the base material 22 and the finishing material 24 are different, when the base material 22 and the finishing material 24 expand and contract due to changes in humidity, tensile forces act on the base material 22 and the finishing material 24 relative to each other. For example, as shown in Figure 4(A), when the ambient humidity decreases and the base material 22 and the finishing material 24 dry out and contract as indicated by arrows N1 and N2 respectively, at the joints of the finishing material 24, adjacent finishing material 24 pieces tend to move away from each other, while the base material 22 tends to contract.

[0049] As a result, as shown in Figure 4(B), an in-plane force F1 acts on the base material 22, and an in-plane force F2 acts on the strip-shaped member 26 that is pulled by the finishing material 24.

[0050] The in-plane force F1 is an axial force acting on the base material 22 at the joint of the finishing material 24, and acts in the direction that causes the base material 22 to contract. As shown in Figure 4(A), if the thickness of the base material 22 is t1, the elastic modulus of the base material 22 is E1, the joint width of the finishing material 24 is L, the joint width displacement is δ, and the depth direction (X direction) dimension of the joint of the finishing material 24 is B (not shown), then this in-plane force F1 is expressed by the following equation (1).

[0051] F1 = E1t1B / Lδ (1)

[0052] On the other hand, the in-plane force F2 is an axial force acting on the strip-shaped member 26 at the joint of the finishing material 24, and acts in the direction in which the strip-shaped member 26 stretches. As shown in Figure 4(A), if the thickness of the strip-shaped member 26 is t2, the elastic modulus of the strip-shaped member 26 is E2, the joint width of the finishing material 24 is L, the joint width displacement is δ, and the dimension of the joint of the finishing material 24 in the depth direction (X direction) is B (not shown), then this in-plane force F2 can be expressed by the following equation (2).

[0053] F2 = E2t2B / Lδ (2)

[0054] Here, considering variations in the physical properties of various materials, in order to make the stress generated in the gypsum board substrate material 22 about half of the fracture stress, it is preferable that the rigidity balance of the substrate material 22 and the strip-shaped member 26 satisfy the following relationship.

[0055] As an example, it is preferable that the bending moment due to the axial force of the strip-shaped member 26, viewed from the center line of the finishing material 24, is 0.5 times or more the bending moment due to the axial force of the base material 22. That is, if e1 is the distance from the center position in the thickness direction of the finishing material 24 to the center position in the thickness direction of the base material 22, e2 is the distance from the center position in the thickness direction of the finishing material 24 to the center position in the thickness direction of the strip-shaped member 26, L is the joint width of the finishing material 24, δ is the joint width displacement, and B (not shown) is the dimension of the joint of the finishing material 24 in the depth direction (X direction), then the following equation (3) holds.

[0056] 0.5(e1t1BE1δ / L)≦e2t2BE2δ / L (3) In other words, 0.5 ≤ (e2t2E2) / (e1t1E1)

[0057] Furthermore, it is even more preferable if the bending moment due to the axial force of the strip-shaped member 26 is equal to the bending moment due to the axial force of the base material 22, that is, if the following equation (4) holds true.

[0058] e1t1E1=e2t2E2(4)

[0059] <Mechanism and Effects> Here, prior to explaining the operation and effects of the finishing structure of the present invention, a comparative example will be described. Figures 5(A) and (B) show a surface member 200 according to the comparative example. The base material 220 and the finishing material 240 constituting this surface member 200 are fixed together with adhesive 260. In addition, the joint positions of the base material 220 and the finishing material 240 are different.

[0060] When the joint positions of the base material 220 and the finishing material 240 differ in this way, tensile forces act on the base material 220 and the finishing material 240 when they expand and contract due to changes in humidity. At this time, a bending moment is generated in the joint portion of the base material 220 or the joint portion of the finishing material 240, which may cause the base material 220 or the finishing material 240 to crack.

[0061] For example, if the ambient humidity decreases and the base material 220 and finishing material 240 dry out and shrink as indicated by arrows N1 and N2, then in the joints of the finishing material 240, adjacent finishing material 240 pieces may move away from each other, while the base material 220 may shrink. This can cause a bending moment M1 to be generated in the base material 220 at the joints of the finishing material 240, which may cause the base material 220 to crack.

[0062] In contrast, in the finishing structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, a strip-shaped member 26 is provided, as shown in Figures 4(A) and (B). The strip-shaped member 26 is bonded to the finishing material 24 while spanning across the joints of the finishing material 24, thereby suppressing the opening of the joints of the finishing material 24. This suppresses cracking of the base material 22.

[0063] Furthermore, in the finishing structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the expansion and contraction rate due to humidity changes is greater for the finishing material 24 than for the base material 22. That is, the finishing material 24 tends to move more than the base material 22 due to humidity changes. As a result, the bending moment generated in the joint portion of the finishing material 24 may be larger compared to the case where the expansion and contraction rates of the base material 22 and the finishing material 24 are the same.

[0064] However, since the strip-shaped member 26 is provided spanning the joints of the finishing material 24, the generation of this bending moment can be suppressed. In this way, even when the expansion and contraction rates of the base material 22 and the finishing material 24 are different, cracking of the base material 22 can be effectively suppressed.

[0065] Furthermore, in the finishing structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, equation (3) above holds true. That is, when the base material 22 and the finishing material 24 attempt to displace, the bending moment due to the axial force of the strip-shaped member (e2t2BE2δ / L), viewed from the center line of the finishing material 24, is 0.5 times or more the bending moment due to the axial force of the base material 22 (e1t1BE1δ / L). As a result, bending of the surface member 20 is suppressed. This prevents the base material 22 from cracking.

[0066] Furthermore, if equation (4) above holds true, that is, if the bending moment due to the axial force of the base material (e1t1BE1δ / L) is equal to the bending moment due to the axial force of the strip-shaped member (e2t2BE2δ / L), then cracking of the base material 22 can be further suppressed.

[0067] Furthermore, in the finishing structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the base material 22 and the finishing material 24 form the ceiling surface. The ceiling surface tends to have a larger area compared to the wall surface. For this reason, the area per sheet of the base material 22 and the finishing material 24 tends to be larger, and the amount of expansion and contraction due to water absorption and drying tends to be larger. In this finishing structure, even when the amount of expansion and contraction is large, it is possible to effectively suppress cracking of the base material 22 or the finishing material 24.

[0068] Furthermore, in the finishing structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive width W of the strip-shaped member 26 to the finishing material 24 is three times the thickness t3 of the finishing material 24. When the base material 22 and the finishing material 24 attempt to displace, stress is generated in the finishing material 24 in a range from the joint position to approximately three times the thickness t3 of the finishing material 24. By adhering the strip-shaped member 26 to this range, stress is smoothly transmitted from the finishing material 24 to the strip-shaped member 26.

[0069] <Variation> In this embodiment, the base material 22 is gypsum board and the finishing material 24 is calcium silicate board, and their expansion and contraction rates due to humidity changes are different, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.

[0070] For example, both the base material 22 and the finishing material 24 may be made of gypsum board of the same thickness, and the expansion and contraction rates due to humidity changes of both may be equal. Even if the surface member 20 is constructed in this way, a bending moment will act on the base material 22, but by using the strip member 26, the effect of suppressing cracking of the base material 22 can be obtained. In addition, wooden plywood, flexible board, etc. may be used as the base material 22 and the finishing material 24.

[0071] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a surface member 20 composed of a base material 22, a finishing material 24, and a strip-shaped member 26 forms the ceiling surface, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this. For example, this surface member 20 may be used to form a wall surface. In this case, the support member to which the surface member 20 is fixed is, for example, a square stud material fixed to the wall, which is the structural body.

[0072] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the adhesive width W of the strip-shaped member 26 to the finishing material 24 shown in Figure 4(A) is three times the thickness t3 of the finishing material 24, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this. From the viewpoint of transmitting stress between the finishing material 24 and the strip-shaped member 26, this adhesive width W may be formed to be larger than three times the thickness t3 of the finishing material 24. However, it is preferable that this adhesive width W is not less than three times the thickness t3 of the finishing material 24. [Explanation of symbols]

[0073] 10 Support member 18. Ceiling joists (support members) 20 face member 22. Underlayment 24 Finishing materials 26 Strip-shaped member

Claims

1. A plate-shaped base material fixed to a support member fixed to the building structure, A plate-shaped finishing material fixed to the base material, with joints positioned at a different location from the joints of the base material, A strip-shaped member is adhered to the finishing material on the outside of the joint of the finishing material, straddling the joint, and suppressing the opening of the joint of the finishing material. A finishing structure equipped with [this feature].

2. A plate-shaped base material fixed to a support member fixed to the building structure, A plate-shaped finishing material fixed to the base material, with joints positioned at a different location from the joints of the base material, A strip-shaped member is adhered to the finishing material while spanning across the joints of the finishing material, and suppresses the opening of the joints of the finishing material. Equipped with, The finishing structure according to claim 1, wherein the finishing material has a greater rate of expansion and contraction due to humidity changes than the base material.

3. A plate-shaped base material fixed to a support member fixed to the building structure, A plate-shaped finishing material fixed to the base material, with joints positioned at a different location from the joints of the base material, A strip-shaped member is adhered to the finishing material while spanning across the joints of the finishing material, and suppresses the opening of the joints of the finishing material. Equipped with, The distance from the center position in the thickness direction of the finishing material to the center position in the thickness direction of the base material is e. １ The thickness of the aforementioned base material is t １ The elastic modulus of the aforementioned substrate is E １ year, The distance from the center position in the thickness direction of the finishing material to the center position in the thickness direction of the strip-shaped member is e. ２ The thickness of the strip-shaped member is t ２ The elastic modulus of the strip-shaped member is E ２ In that case, The finishing structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the following equation holds true. 0.5≦(e ２ t ２ E ２ ) / (e １ t １ E １ )

4. The finishing structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adhesive used to bond the base material and the finishing material, and the adhesive used to bond the finishing material and the strip-shaped member, are the same adhesive.

5. The finishing structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the base material and the finishing material form a ceiling surface.

6. The finishing structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adhesive width of the strip-shaped member to the finishing material is three times or more the thickness of the finishing material.

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