Hair color composition to reduce color fading

Abstract

A hair coloring composition for reducing fading and wash-off is disclosed. The composition comprises at least one hair coloring agent and at least one polyurethane having tethered tertiary amino groups, which are optionally partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized. Permanent, semi-permanent, and temporary hair coloring compositions can be formulated according to the techniques of the present disclosure.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This technology relates to a hair color composition for protecting dyed hair from fading or washing out. More specifically, this technology relates to the use of a structured polymer in a hair color composition for protecting the color of dyed hair against repeated shampooing treatments. In one embodiment, the structured polymer comprises a polyurethane skeleton having one or more tethering amino groups laterally bonded to the polyurethane skeleton, the amino groups being tethered away from (separated from) the polymer skeleton by at least two intervening atoms. [Background technology]

[0002] Hair coloring has become increasingly common in recent years. However, fading of artificial hair color has become a common problem, leading to frequent consumer dissatisfaction. Fading can occur as color washout during the shampooing process, or it can be caused by environmental conditions, such as exposure to UV rays. The washing process is the most important factor in removing hair color, while UV exposure only has a significant effect after 90 hours of intense irradiation. (S. Marchioretto, "The Use of Silicones as a Color Lock Aid in Rinse-Off Hair Conditioners," J. of Cosmetic Science, 2003 Annual Scientific Meeting, pp. 130-131.) Furthermore, surfactants present in shampoo formulations provide a moisturizing function that brings moisture to the hair shaft, thereby fading the dye molecules and allowing them to be removed during the rinsing process.

[0003] Maintaining vibrant hair color while minimizing fading is highly desirable in the hair care market. Hair dyes are most frequently used when individuals age and want to conceal gray hair that results from aging. The colorfastness of dyes can vary widely. There are generally three types of hair color: permanent, demi-permanent, semi-permanent, or temporary. The term "permanent" generally refers to oxidative hair color, which decolorizes and colors the melanin found in the hair shaft. In this process, a dye precursor is placed on the hair, penetrates the hair shaft, and is most typically oxidized with an oxidizing agent to bring the hair to the desired color. Dye compositions consist of two main components: an oxidative dye precursor and a coupler. Due to their low molecular weight and good water solubility, the oxidative dye precursor and coupler readily diffuse into the hair, where a coupling or condensation reaction occurs. The coloring products, which are colored by the oxidizing agent, remain trapped in the hair due to their higher molecular weight, relative insolubility in water, and absorption affinity to the inner hair surface. The chemical oxidation process is carried out in the presence of a base. The base is an alkaline material that can be, for example, ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide. It is well established that the use of these materials can damage the hair to some extent. The goal of such oxidative dyeing methods is permanence, but this is difficult to achieve in practice. The color tends to fade over time, and a contributing factor to fading is the lack of wash fastness. This means that the color tends to leach out of the hair after repeated washing. This results in a gradual fading or change of the applied color. Other factors such as ultraviolet light, combing, and perspiration also affect the color. Semi-permanent coloring compositions are a class of oxidative dye formulations that are less aggressive than permanent coloring compositions.

[0004] Oxidative hair color generally lasts for 4 to 6 weeks, but it is common to see fading in certain areas of the hair within 2 to 3 weeks after the oxidation procedure.

[0005] Semi-permanent hair color generally provides longer-lasting color than temporary dyes, but without the permanence of oxidized color. The types of dyes used in semi-permanent hair color have larger molecular sizes, too large to penetrate the shafts of normal virgin hair. However, such larger dye molecules readily penetrate porous and damaged hair, and their larger size allows them to be preferentially retained. Therefore, the balance of small and large dye molecules found in many semi-permanent products provides a uniform color. Semi-permanent hair colorants consist of dyes and acids. Different dyes include acid dyes, basic dyes, metallizing dyes, and disperse dyes. However, they only provide a temporary coloring effect that lasts for a few shampooing cycles.

[0006] Temporary hair color is often found in rinse form and typically lasts for the duration of a single shampoo. Such hair color is often used when a special effect is desired (such as Halloween and St. Patrick's Day). Temporary color is a leave-in formulation containing pigments and dyes that simply coat the hair shaft with colorants that are too large to penetrate its surface. Temporary hair colorants consist of dyes and acids. Different dyes include acid dyes, basic dyes, metallized dyes, and disperse dyes. In individuals with damaged or porous hair, slight penetration into the hair shaft may occur, but the application of such color rarely lasts through more than one or two shampoo cycles.

[0007] As mentioned above, the artificial coloring of hair obtained by permanent, semi-permanent, semi-permanent, and temporary hair coloring methods gradually fades with repeated washing / shampooing, potentially leading to fading of the hair color over time. Preventing fading / bleeding is a crucial requirement in the current hair coloring market. There is a growing demand for hair care products designed to prevent or reduce fading during washing. Several post-coloring anti-fading products, including anti-fading treatments, shampoos, and conditioners, are available on the market. While these shampoos and conditioners help prevent fading, they are designed to be applied after the hair has been colored with a hair coloring product, and therefore consumers need to purchase and use additional products to reduce color fading or bleeding. Therefore, there is a need for a hair care composition that colors hair and maintains colorfastness through repeated washing cycles without requiring the use of colorfastness prevention products after coloring. This technology provides a hair coloring composition that has good colorfastness against chemical agents (such as shampoos, conditioners, and wavy / straightening agents) and natural agents (such as UV rays, pollution, and perspiration) by introducing an effective amount of at least one polyurethane polymer into the hair coloring composition. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0008] [Non-Patent Document 1] S. Marchioretto, "The Use of Silicones as a Color Lock Aid in Rinse-Off Hair Conditioners", J. of Cosmetic Science, 2003 Annual Scientific Meeting, pp. 130-131. [Overview of the project]

[0009] In one embodiment, the technology of the present disclosure provides a hair color composition that optimizes color intensity and saturation (e.g., color deposition and / or diffusion on and within the hair) to produce a brighter shade when applied to the hair.

[0010] In one embodiment, the technology of the present disclosure provides a hair color composition that has increased fade resistance and reduced washout compared to conventionally formulated hair color compositions.

[0011] In one embodiment, the technology of the present disclosure provides a hair color composition that protects the hair color substance (e.g., from fading and washing out) for at least 30 wash cycles.

[0012] In one embodiment, the technology of the present disclosure provides a hair color composition that maintains or improves the conditioning properties of hair, including wet and dry feel and tangle resistance.

[0013] In one embodiment, the hair care composition comprises, in a carrier that is acceptable as a cosmetic, at least one colorant compound (hair colorant), and at least one polymer comprising a polyurethane skeleton, wherein the polymer has one or more tethering tertiary amino groups bonded laterally to the polyurethane skeleton, and the tethering tertiary amino groups are located away from the polyurethane skeleton by tethering portions containing at least two interposing atoms.

[0014] In one embodiment, the hair care composition comprises, in a carrier that is acceptable as a cosmetic, at least one colorant compound (hair colorant), and at least one polymer comprising a polyurethane skeleton, having one or more tethering tertiary amino groups laterally bonded to the polyurethane skeleton, wherein the tethering tertiary amino groups are located away from the polyurethane skeleton by tethering portions containing at least two interposing atoms, and the tertiary amino groups are neutralized.

[0015] In another embodiment, the disclosed technology provides a process for coloring hair and maintaining the color of the colored hair. The process includes applying to hair a composition comprising at least one hair colorant and at least one polymer comprising a polyurethane backbone, wherein the polymer has one or more tethering tertiary amino groups laterally bonded to the polyurethane backbone, the tethering tertiary amino groups being positioned away from the polyurethane backbone by tethering portions containing at least two intervening atoms. The method optionally includes rinsing the composition off the hair after a contact time.

[0016] In yet another aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a polymer for imparting color fastness to a hair care coloring composition by introducing a porous polyurethane polymer comprising at least one polyurethane backbone, having one or more tethering tertiary amino groups laterally bonded to the polyurethane backbone, wherein the tethering tertiary amino groups are located away from the polyurethane backbone by tethering portions containing at least two interposing atoms, into a hair care coloring composition.

[0017] In yet another aspect, the present disclosure relates to the use of a polymer for imparting color fastness to a hair care coloring composition by introducing a porous polyurethane polymer, which comprises at least one polyurethane backbone, having one or more tethering tertiary amino groups laterally bonded to the polyurethane backbone, wherein the tethering tertiary amino groups are located away from the polyurethane backbone by tethering portions containing at least two interposing atoms, and the tertiary amino groups are neutralized, into a hair care coloring composition. The present invention provides, for example, the following items: (Item 1) A composition for coloring hair and maintaining the color of the colored hair, wherein the composition comprises a) at least one hair coloring agent, b) A composition comprising at least one polyurethane having a polyurethane skeleton, wherein one or more tethering tertiary amino groups are bonded laterally to the polyurethane skeleton, the tethering tertiary amino groups are located away from the polyurethane skeleton by tethering portions containing at least two interposing atoms, and the tethering tertiary amino groups are optionally partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized. (Item 2) The at least one polyurethane is (i) at least one polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one main-chain polyamine, polyol, polythiol, and mixture thereof having about two isocyanate-reactive hydrogens, (iii) The composition according to item 1, comprising a reaction product with at least one compound containing a tertiary nitrogen having two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen-containing substituents and a tethering tertiary amino group substituent, wherein the tertiary amino group is located away from the tertiary nitrogen by a tethering moiety containing at least two interposing atoms. (Item 3) The composition according to item 2, wherein the reaction product is partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized. (Item 4) The composition according to item 3, wherein the partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized reaction product is dispersed in water to form a polyurethane prepolymer dispersion. (Item 5) The composition according to item 4, wherein the partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized prepolymer dispersion is chain-extended with a chain extender selected from water, inorganic or organic polyamines, and / or low molecular weight polyols, and mixtures thereof. (Item 6) The composition according to any one of items 1 to 5, wherein the at least one polyisocyanate (i) is selected from aliphatic diisocyanates, aromatic diisocyanates, aromatic aliphatic diisocyanates, and mixtures thereof. (Item 7) The composition according to any one of items 1 to 6, wherein the at least one main-chain polyol (ii) is selected from polycarbonate polyols, polyester polyols, polyether polyols, and mixtures thereof. (Item 8) The composition according to any one of items 1 to 7, wherein the at least one compound (iii) containing tertiary nitrogen is selected from 2,2'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azandiyl)bis(ethane-1-ol) and 1,1'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azandiyl)bis(propane-2-ol), and mixtures thereof. (Item 9) The at least one polyurethane is (i) at least one aliphatic polyisocyanate, (ii) At least one main-chain polyol having about two isocyanate-reactive hydrogens selected from polyethers, (iii) The composition according to any one of items 1 to 8, comprising a reaction product with at least one compound containing a tertiary nitrogen having two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen-containing substituents and a tethering tertiary amino group substituent, wherein the tertiary amino group is located away from the tertiary nitrogen by a tethering moiety containing at least three interposing atoms. (Item 10) The composition according to any one of items 2 to 9, wherein the at least one aliphatic polyisocyanate is selected from hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate, 1,12-dodecane diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4,4-trimethyl-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2-methyl-1,5-pentamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, cyclohexane diisocyanate, bis-(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane diisocyanate, cyclohexane triisocyanate, and mixtures thereof. (Item 11) The composition according to any one of items 2 to 10, wherein the at least one main-chain polyol is selected from polytetrahydrofuran, poly(propylene glycol) derived from 1,2-propanediol, poly(propylene glycol) derived from 1,3-propanediol, and mixtures thereof. (Item 12) The composition according to any one of items 1 to 11, wherein the tethering-type tertiary amino group is neutralized with an acid. (Item 13) The composition according to any one of items 1 to 12, wherein the tethering tertiary amino group is quaternized with a quaternizing agent selected from alkyl halides, aralkyl halides, dialkyl carbonates, dialkyl sulfates, and epoxides. (Item 14) The composition according to any one of items 1 to 13, wherein at least 25%, or at least 50%, or at least 75%, or at least 80%, or at least 85%, or at least 90%, or at least 95% of the tethering-type tertiary amino group is neutralized and / or quaternized. (Item 15) The composition according to any one of items 2 to 14, wherein the at least one polyurethane comprises a reaction product of at least one alicyclic diisocyanate, at least one polyether polyol, and at least one tethering tertiary amino group monomer containing two active hydrogen groups, and the tertiary amino group is neutralized with an acid. (Item 16) The composition according to any one of items 2 to 15, wherein the at least one polyurethane comprises a reaction product of a first alicyclic diisocyanate, a second alicyclic diisocyanate different from the first alicyclic diisocyanate, at least one polyether polyol, and at least one tethering tertiary amino group containing two active hydrogen groups, wherein the tertiary amino group is neutralized with an acid. (Item 17) The at least one polyurethane is dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H 12 A composition according to any one of items 2 to 16, comprising a reaction product of a mixture thereof with an MDI and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polytetrahydrofuran, and at least one tethering tertiary amine group selected from 2,2'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azandiyl)bis(ethane-1-ol) and 1,1'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azandiyl)bis(propane-2-ol), wherein the tertiary amine group is neutralized with an acid. (Item 18) The composition according to any one of items 1 to 17, wherein the at least one polyurethane is selected from polyurethane-10. (Item 19) The composition according to any one of items 1 to 18, wherein the at least one polyurethane is a polyurethane dispersion (PUD). (Item 20) The composition according to any one of items 1 to 19, wherein the hair coloring agent is a temporary hair dye. (Item 21) The composition according to any one of items 1 to 20, wherein the hair coloring agent is a semi-permanent hair dye. (Item 22) The composition according to any one of items 1 to 20, wherein the hair coloring agent comprises at least one permanent hair dye component. (Item 23) The composition according to any one of items 20 to 22, wherein the hair coloring agent is present in an amount ranging from about 0.0005 to about 20% by weight, or about 0.005 to 10% by weight, or about 0.05 to about 6% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. (Item 24) The composition according to item 22 or 23, wherein the permanent hair dye component comprises at least one oxidative dye precursor. (Item 25) The composition according to item 22 or 23, wherein the permanent hair dye component comprises a dye coupler. (Item 26) The composition according to item 25, wherein the dye coupler is present in an amount ranging from about 0.0001 to about 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, from about 0.0005 to about 10% by weight. (Item 27) The composition according to any one of items 22 to 25, wherein the permanent hair dye component comprises at least one direct dye. (Item 28) The composition according to item 27, wherein the at least one direct dye is present in an amount ranging from about 0.0001% to about 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. (Item 29) The composition according to any one of items 22 to 28, wherein the permanent hair dye component comprises at least one alkalizing agent. (Item 30) The composition according to item 29, wherein the at least one alkalizing agent is present in an amount that is nearly sufficient to maintain a pH in the range of about 7 to about 12. (Item 31) The composition according to any one of items 22 to 30, wherein the permanent hair dye component comprises at least one reducing agent. (Item 32) The composition according to item 31, wherein the reducing agent is present in an amount of about 0.0005 to about 6% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. (Item 33) The composition according to any one of items 22 to 32, wherein the permanent hair dye component is mixed with at least one oxidizing agent. (Item 34) The composition according to item 33, wherein the at least one oxidizing agent is selected from organic peroxides (hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, melamine peroxide), inorganic peroxides (sodium peroxide, sodium periodate, calcium peroxide, barium persilicate, persulfate, sodium bromate, perborate, melamine peroxide), alkali metal bromates, ferricyanides, and mixtures thereof. (Item 35) The composition according to item 33 or 34, wherein the at least one oxidizing agent is present in an amount ranging from about 0.0001% to about 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. (Item 36) A composition according to any one of items 1 to 35, comprising at least one additional cationic polymer, at least one amphoteric polymer, and a mixture thereof. (Item 37) The at least one additional cationic polymer is polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-7, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-11, polyquaternium-16, polyquaternium-28, polyquaternium-30, polyquaternium-36, polyquaternium-37, polyquaternium-46, polyquaternium A composition according to item 36, selected from Um-87 and mixtures thereof. (Item 38) The composition according to item 37, wherein the at least one amphoteric polymer is selected from polyquaternium-22, polyquaternium-39, polyquaternium-47, and polyquaternium-53. (Item 39) The composition according to item 37 or 38, wherein the at least one additional cationic polymer or at least one amphoteric polymer is present in an amount ranging from about 0.001% to about 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. (Item 40) A composition according to any one of items 1 to 39, comprising at least one surfactant selected from anionic, cationic, amphoteric, and nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. (Item 41) The composition according to item 40, wherein the at least one surfactant is present in an amount ranging from about 0.001% to about 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. (Item 42) A composition according to any one of items 1 to 41, comprising at least one thickener selected from cellulose derivatives, guar derivatives, gums of microbial origin, casein, alginates, carbomers, crosslinked acrylic acid copolymers, and mixtures thereof. (Item 43) A composition according to any one of items 1 to 42, comprising at least one auxiliary agent selected from antioxidants, emulsifiers, humectants, solvents, conditioning agents, protein derivatives, provitamins, vitamins, amino acids, plant extracts, sugars, pH adjusters, film-forming polymers, perfumes and fragrances, preservatives, buffers, solubilizers, stabilizers, lanolin derivatives, cholesterol, aliphatic alcohols, organic acids, silicones, natural or synthetic oils, protein hydrolysates, natural plant extracts, UV filters, ceramides, coenzymes, chelating agents, hair swelling agents, and mixtures thereof. (Item 44) The composition according to item 42, wherein the at least one thickening agent is present in an amount ranging from about 0.001% to about 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. (Item 45) The composition according to any one of items 1 to 44, wherein the at least one water-dispersible polyurethane is present in an amount ranging from about 0.004 to about 4% by weight, or about 0.2 to about 2.4% by weight, or about 0.3 to about 1.2% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. (Item 46) The composition according to any one of items 1 to 45, wherein the composition is selected from shampoo, conditioner, rinse, lotion, emulsion, cream, foam, gel, spray, mousse, pomade, oil, highlighter, powder, paste, tablet, and wax. (Item 47) A process for coloring hair and maintaining colorfastness in colored hair, comprising contacting hair with a composition described in any one of items 1 to 46. (Item 48) Use of any one of the compositions described in item 1 to 46 for coloring hair and for extending the color fastness of the colored hair. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0018] In all aspects of the technology of this disclosure, all percentages are calculated by weight of the total composition. All ratios are expressed as weight ratios. All numerical ranges of quantities are inclusive and combinable unless otherwise specified.

[0019] The term "cosmetic-grade" means that any composition, formulation, or component described in relation to the technology of this disclosure is suitable for contact with human keratinous tissue (e.g., hair, skin, and nails) without causing toxicity, incompatibility, instability, or allergic reactions. All compositions, formulations, components, and ingredients described herein are intended for direct application to keratinous tissue and are limited to those that are cosmetic-grade.

[0020] The term "colorant" refers to a material intended to impart color to hair. Colorants include dyes, pigments, dye precursors, dye couplers, direct dyes, and mixtures thereof, encompassing permanent dyes, semi-permanent dyes, and temporary dyes commonly known in the art. (Hair colorants are described in the CTFA International Color Handbook, 2) nd This information is disclosed in Edition, Micelle Press, England (1992) and Cosmetic Handbook, US Food and Drug Administration, FDA / IAS Booklet (1992), and is incorporated herein by reference.

[0021] The term "tethering" amine group refers to the position of an amine group that is located away from the main polymer backbone. In such an arrangement, multiple amine groups are linked to the polymer backbone via spacers. This topology can be represented by the following diagram. [ka] In the formula, P specifies a urethane polymer backbone, L is a link or spacer (tethering portion), and NR2 is a tethering tertiary amine that can be neutralized with acid or quaternized. Each R is generally an alkylamine that is independently of each other, either an alkyl group (e.g., 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms) or can contain another tertiary amine group. Each L can be a linking group (may include urethane bonds, ester bonds, and may contain heteroatoms such as oxygen and nitrogen in addition to carbon, substituted, linear, branched, cycloalkyl, aromatic, or a combination thereof). In preferred and simple embodiments, L is generally an ethylene, propylene, or other alkylene group having 2 to 6, preferably 2 to 4, and most preferably 2 or 3 carbon atoms.

[0022] In selected embodiments and aspects of the technology of the present disclosure, overlapping weight ranges are given for various components and ingredients that may be contained in the compositions of the present disclosure. However, the amount of each component in the compositions of the present disclosure is selected from the disclosed range such that the sum of all components or ingredients in the composition equals 100 weight percent. The amounts used will vary depending on the purpose and characteristics of the desired product and can be readily determined by those skilled in the art.

[0023] As disclosed herein, hair care compositions may contain various conventional additives and adjuvants known in the art, some of which may perform multiple functions. For example, certain components may be listed herein as emollients, but may also function as emulsifiers, humectants, and so on.

[0024] The hair care compositions of the technologies of this disclosure may appropriately include, essentially consist of, or consist of the components, elements, and process descriptions described herein. The technologies of this disclosure, as described herein by example, may appropriately be carried out in the absence of any elements not specifically disclosed herein.

[0025] The embodiments and aspects described herein may be combined with other embodiments and / or aspects, even if not explicitly illustrated in combination.

[0026] Exemplary embodiments of the technology of the present disclosure relate to hair coloring compositions and methods of use. In one embodiment, an exemplary composition comprises, essentially consists of, or comprises: a) at least one hair colorant; and b) at least one polyurethane comprising a polyurethane skeleton, having one or more tethering tertiary amino groups laterally bonded to the polyurethane skeleton, wherein the tethering tertiary amino groups are located away from the polyurethane skeleton by tethering portions containing at least two interposing atoms.

[0027] In one embodiment, the tethering tertiary amino groups present on the polyurethane skeleton are optionally partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized.

[0028] In one embodiment, the hair color composition comprises at least one hair coloring agent (dye) (a). The color fastness of dyes varies widely. Therefore, dyes used for coloring hair are classified as permanent, semi-permanent, and temporary. They are selected from permanent dyes, semi-permanent dyes, temporary dyes, and mixtures thereof. The type of dye used in a desired hair coloring formulation depends on the desired class of hair coloring product offered.

[0029] Permanent hair dye One of the most well-known and widely used coloring applications is the oxidative dyeing process. In this process, a dye is placed on the hair, penetrated into the hair, and most typically oxidized with hydrogen peroxide to give the hair the desired color. The dye composition consists of two main components: an oxidative dye precursor and a dye coupler. Both components have low molecular weights, which allows them to penetrate the hair and polymerize in the presence of a base and hydrogen peroxide to form the final dye with a larger molecular weight. The chemical reaction process in the presence of a base and peroxide is a coupling or condensation reaction. The base is an alkalizing material that can be, for example, ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide.

[0030] Permanent and semi-permanent hair dyes are generally sold as two-component kits. One component contains an oxidizing dye precursor and a dye coupler in an alkaline liquid, gel, or cream base, while the other component is a stabilized solution of an oxidizing agent (e.g., hydrogen peroxide). The two components are mixed immediately before use. The mixture is then applied to the hair for an appropriate amount of time, generally 20 to 60 minutes, during which the dye precursor and oxidizing agent diffuse into the hair shaft, and color formation occurs following a series of chemical reactions.

[0031] Oxidative dye precursors are generally derived from aromatic compounds, such as benzene, which are substituted with at least two electron-donating groups (e.g., NH2 and OH) located in the para and ortho positions of the ring. Oxidative hair dyes can be any oxidative hair dye precursor commonly used in oxidative permanent hair dye products. Exemplary oxidative dye precursors include, but are not limited to, 4-amino-m-cresol, 1-hydroxyethyl-4-5-diaminophylazole sulfate, N,N,bis[2-hydroxyethyl]-p-phenylene-diamine sulfate, hydroxyethyl-p-phenylene-diamine sulfate, p-aminophenol, m-aminophenol, 3-methyl-4-aminophenol, p-methylaminophenol sulfate, p-phenylenediamine sulfate, tetraaminopyrimidine sulfate, toluene-2-5-diamine sulfate, and mixtures thereof.

[0032] In one embodiment, the amount of oxidative dye precursor in the permanent hair color composition is in the range of about 0.0005 to about 20% by weight, or about 0.005 to 10% by weight, or about 0.05 to about 6% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0033] Dye couplers contain an electron-donating group (e.g., NH2 and OH) located at the meta position of the ring, derived from an aromatic compound, such as benzene. Dye couplers can be any dye coupler commonly used in oxidative permanent hair dye products. Exemplary dye couplers include, but are not limited to, resorcinol, 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine, 4-amino-2-hydroxytoluene, 2-methyl-5-hydroxyethylaminophenol, 2-methylresorcinol, 5-amino-6-chloro-o-cresol, 2-amino-4-hydroxyethylaminoanisole sulfate, 1-naptol, 2,4-diaminophenoxyethanol sulfate, m-aminophenol, phenylmethylpyrazolone, 4-chlororesorcinol, and mixtures thereof.

[0034] In one embodiment, the amount of dye coupler in the permanent hair color composition is in the range of about 0.0001 to about 15% by weight, or about 0.0005 to about 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0035] In one embodiment, the permanent hair dye composition includes an alkalizing agent. The alkalizing agent may be any alkalizing agent commonly used in oxidative permanent hair dye products. Exemplary alkalizing agents include ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, aminoethylpropanol, ethanolamine (e.g., monoethanolamine, diethanolamine), and mixtures thereof. The alkalizing agent is used in an amount sufficient to maintain the pH of the composition in the range of about 7 to about 12.

[0036] In one embodiment, the permanent hair dye composition includes a reducing agent. The reducing agent helps prevent premature reaction between the oxidative dye precursor and the dye coupler during storage, thereby improving the shelf life of these oxidative dye components. The reducing agent may be any reducing agent commonly used in permanent hair dye products. Suitable reducing agents include sodium sulfite, sodium hydrosulfite, ascorbic acid, sodium metabisulfite, and mixtures thereof.

[0037] In one embodiment, the amount of reducing agent used is in the range of about 0.0005 to about 6% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0038] In one embodiment, the permanent hair dye composition includes an antioxidant. The antioxidant, together with the reducing agent, reduces the premature reaction between the oxidative dye precursor and the dye coupler before the oxidizing agent is added before use. The antioxidant may be any antioxidant commonly used in oxidative permanent hair dye products. Exemplary antioxidants include sodium sulfite, sodium ascorbate, thioglycolic acid, ammonium thioglycolate, ascorbic acid, erythorbic acid, and mixtures thereof.

[0039] In one embodiment, the amount of antioxidant used is in the range of about 0.1 to about 3% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.

[0040] In one embodiment, the permanent hair dye composition includes an oxidizing agent. The oxidizing agent facilitates the reaction between the oxidative dye precursor and the dye coupling agent, enabling color development. The oxidizing agent may be any oxidizing agent commonly used in oxidative permanent hair dye products. Exemplary oxidizing agents include organic peroxides (e.g., hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, melamine peroxide), inorganic peroxides (e.g., sodium peroxide, sodium periodate, calcium peroxide, barium persilicate, persulfates, sodium bromate, perborate, melamine peroxide), alkali metal bromates, and ferricyanides, as well as mixtures thereof.

[0041] In one embodiment, the amount of oxidizing agent present in the permanent hair color composition is in the range of about 0.0001 to about 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0042] In one embodiment, the permanent hair color composition may contain other hair dye components in addition to the oxidative dye precursor and dye coupler. In one embodiment, the other hair dye components are direct dyes. The direct dye may be any direct dye commonly used in oxidative permanent hair dye products. Examples of direct dyes include 4-[4'-aminophenyl)-(4”-imino-2”,5”-cyclohexadiene-1”-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaminobenzene monohydrochloride (CI42 510), 4-[4'-amino-3'-methylphenyl)-(4”-imino-3”-methyl-2”,5”-cyclohexadiene-1”-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaminobenzene monohydrochloride (CI42 520), 4-hydroxypropylamino-3-nitrophenol, 4-amino-3-nitrophenol, 2-amino-6-chloro-4-nitrophenol, HC Blue 2, HC Yellow 4, HC Red 3, Disperse Violet 4, Disperse Black 9, HC Blue 7, HC Blue 12, HC Yellow 2, HC Yellow 12, Disperse Blue 3, Disperse Violet 1, and mixtures thereof.

[0043] In one embodiment, the amount of direct dye present in the permanent hair color composition is in the range of about 0.0001 to about 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0044] In one embodiment, the permanent hair dye is formulated as a two-component system. Each component is packaged separately and mixed together immediately before use. One component (the dye component) comprises an oxidation dye precursor, a dye coupling agent, and an alkalizing agent (e.g., ammonia), while the other component (the oxidation component) comprises an oxidizing agent.

[0045] The dye components and oxidation components can be formulated in any manner commonly used in oxidation-permanent hair dye products. In one embodiment, the oxidation dye components are formulated in emulsion form, but other vehicles such as gels, pastes, solutions, and powders are also available. In one embodiment, the oxidation components can be formulated in aqueous solution or powder form, as long as the oxidation components are compatible with mixing with the dye components. Stabilizers can be used to stabilize the oxidation components, depending on the type of stabilizer used. Generally, peroxides are inherently unstable, especially in aqueous media. The stabilizer can be any stabilizer commonly used in oxidation-permanent hair dye products. Exemplary stabilizers include sodium stannate, pentasodium pentetate, phenacetin, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

[0046] At least one polyurethane having a tethering tertiary amino group that is optionally partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized may be incorporated into the dye component of a two-component permanent dye system, or into the oxidation component, or into both the dye component and the oxidation component.

[0047] Semi-permanent hair dye Semi-permanent hair dyes directly color hair without requiring an oxidation reaction for color development. Semi-permanent dyes can be any dye commonly used in semi-permanent dyeing products. Suitable semi-permanent dyes can be selected from basic dyes, HC dyes, acid dyes, direct dyes, disperse dyes, and mixtures thereof. Other suitable nitroanilines as semi-permanent dyes include 4-hydroxypropylamino-3-nitrophenol and N,N'-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-nitrophenylenediamine. A mixture of dyes from any one of the aforementioned dye classes can be used to achieve the desired color or shade.

[0048] Suitable basic dyes include blue, brown, green, orange, red, and yellow. Suitable blues include Basic Blue 3, 6, 7, 9, 26, 41, 47, and 99. Suitable browns include Basic Brown 4, 16, and 17. Suitable greens include Basic Green 1 and 4. Suitable oranges include Basic Orange 1 and 2. Suitable reds include Basic Red 1, 2, 22, 46, 51, 76, and 118. Suitable purples include Basic Violet 1, 3, 4, 10, 11, 14, and 16. Suitable yellows include Basic Yellow 11, 28, and 57.

[0049] Examples of HC dyes include blue, brown, green, orange, red, purple, and yellow. Preferred blues include HC Blue 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14. Preferred browns include HC Brown 1 and 2. Preferred greens include HC Green 1. Preferred oranges include HC Orange 1, 2, 3, and 5. Preferred reds include HC Red 1, 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, and 14. Preferred purples include HC Violet 1 and 2. Preferred yellows include HC Yellow 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, and 15.

[0050] Acid dyes are selected from black, blue, brown, green, orange, red, purple, and yellow. Examples of Acid Black are numbers 1 and 52. Preferred blues include Acid Blue 1, 3, 9, 62, and 74. Examples of brown and green are Acid Brown 13 and Acid Green 1, 25, and 50, respectively. Preferred oranges include Acid Orange 3, 6, 7, and 24. Preferred reds include Acid Red 14, 18, 27, 33, 35, 51, 52, 73, 87, 92, 95, 184, and 195. Preferred purples include Acid Violet 9 and 43. Preferred yellows include Acid Yellow 1, 3, 23, and 73. Lakes of the aforementioned acid dyes are also useful in this technology.

[0051] Suitable direct dyes include Direct Black 51, Direct Blue 86, Direct Red 23, 80, and 81; Direct Violet 48; and Direct Yellow 12.

[0052] Suitable disperse dyes include Disperse Black 9, Disperse Blue 1, 3, and 7; Disperse Brown 1, Disperse Orange 3, Disperse Red 11, 15, and 17; and Disperse Violet 1, 4, and 15.

[0053] In one embodiment, the semi-permanent dye is present in an amount ranging from about 0.0005 to about 20% by weight, or about 0.005 to 10% by weight, or about 0.05 to about 6% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0054] The semi-permanent coloring composition may be formulated in any manner commonly used in semi-permanent hair dye products. In one embodiment, the semi-permanent dye composition is formulated in the form of a lotion, shampoo, mousse, or emulsion. These product forms must have a viscosity that prevents them from running during application. The hair dyeing process is relatively simple and requires a contact time of about 5 to 40 minutes, followed by rinsing.

[0055] While many semi-permanent dyes have good water solubility, selected nitroaniline derivative dyes may have poor solubility in aqueous media and may require formulation with specific solvents such as benzyl alcohol, glycol, or glycol derivatives.

[0056] In one embodiment, at least one polyurethane having a tethering tertiary amino group that is optionally partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized can be directly incorporated into a semi-permanent dye composition.

[0057] temporary hair dye Examples of temporary hair colorants include color rinses that provide color that lasts until the first shampoo. The ingredients that impart temporary color generally have a fairly high molecular weight and cannot penetrate the hair shaft. These materials simply deposit on the hair fibers and are removed by subsequent shampooing. Traditionally, temporary hair coloring compositions are used when a cosmetic effect lasting one day is desired.

[0058] A temporary hair colorant may be any dye commonly used in temporary hair coloring products. In one embodiment, the temporary colorant is selected from at least one pigment. As used herein, the term "pigment" means any pigment that gives color to hair.

[0059] At least one pigment that may be used can be selected from organic and / or mineral pigments known in the art, such as those described in Kirk-Othmer's Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology and Ullmann's Encyclopaedia of Industrial Chemistry.

[0060] At least one pigment may be in the form of a powder or pigment paste. The pigment may or may not be coated.

[0061] At least one pigment may be selected from, for example, mineral pigments, organic pigments, lakes, pigments with special effects, such as pearlescent or luminous flakes, and mixtures thereof.

[0062] At least one of the pigments may be a mineral pigment. As used herein, the term “mineral pigment” means any pigment that satisfies the definition in the chapter on inorganic pigments in the Encyclopedia Ullman. Mineral pigments that may be useful in this disclosure include iron oxide, chromium oxide, manganese violet, ultramarine blue, chromium hydrate, and ferric blue.

[0063] Examples of colored mineral pigments include red pigments such as red iron oxide, iron oxide, iron hydroxide, and iron titanate; inorganic brown pigments such as γ-iron oxide; inorganic yellow pigments such as yellow iron oxide and ochre; inorganic black pigments such as black iron oxide and carbon black; inorganic purple pigments such as manganese violet and cobalt violet; inorganic green pigments such as chromium hydroxide, chromium oxide, cobalt oxide, and cobalt titanate; inorganic blue pigments such as Prussian blue and ultramarine blue; Red No. 3, Red No. 104, Red No. 106, Red No. 201, Red No. 202, Red No. 204, Red No. 205, Red No. 220, Red No. 226, Red No. 227, Red No. 228, Red No. 230, Red No. 401, Red No. 505, Yellow No. 4, Yellow No. 5, Yellow No. 202, Yellow No. 203, Yellow Examples include pigments obtained by flakeging tar-based dyes such as No. 204, Yellow No. 401, Blue No. 1, Blue No. 2, Blue No. 201, Blue No. 404, Green No. 3, Green No. 201, Green No. 204, Green No. 205, Orange No. 201, Orange No. 203, Orange No. 204, Orange No. 206, and Orange No. 207; pigments obtained by flakeging natural pigments such as carminic acid, laccaic acid, carthamine, and brazilin; titanium oxide-coated mica, titanium dioxide-coated mica, titanium oxide-coated mica, bismuth oxychloride, titanium dioxide-coated bismuth oxychloride, titanium dioxide-coated talc, titanium dioxide-coated colored mica, and metal powder pigments such as aluminum, gold, silver, copper, platinum, and stainless steel, as well as mixtures thereof.

[0064] At least one pigment may be an organic pigment. As used herein, the term “organic pigment” means any pigment that satisfies the definition in the chapter on organic pigments in the Encyclopedia Ullman. For example, at least one organic pigment may be selected from nitroso, nitro, azo, xanthene, quinoline, anthraquinone, phthalocyanine, metal complex, isoindolinone, isoindoline, quinacridone, perinone, perylene, diketopyrrolopyrrole, thioindigo, dioxazine, triphenylmethane, and quinophthalone compounds.

[0065] White or colored organic pigments include carmine, carbon black, aniline black, melanin, azo yellow, quinacridone, phthalocyanine blue, sorghum red, blue pigments systematized in the Color Index with reference numbers CI 42090, 69800, 69825, 73000, 74100, and 74160, yellow pigments systematized in the Color Index with reference numbers CI 11680, 11710, 15985, 19140, 20040, 21100, 21108, 47000, and 47005, green pigments systematized in the Color Index with reference numbers CI 61565, 61570, and 74260, orange pigments systematized in the Color Index with reference numbers CI 11725, 15510, 45370, and 71105, and other pigments systematized in the Color Index with reference numbers CI Red pigments systematized in 12085, 12120, 12370, 12420, 12490, 14700, 15525, 15580, 15620, 15630, 15800, 15850, 15865, 15880, 17200, 26100, 45380, 45410, 58000, 73360, 73915, and 75470 may be selected, as well as pigments obtained by oxidative polymerization of indole or phenol derivatives as described in French Patent Publication No. 2679771.

[0066] Exemplary pigment pastes of organic pigments include Pigment Yellow 3 (CI 11710), Pigment Yellow 1 (CI 11680), Pigment Orange 43 (CI 71105), Pigment Red 4 (CI 12085), Pigment Red 5 (CI 12490), Pigment Violet 23 (CI 51319), Pigment Blue 15.1 (CI 74160), Pigment Green 7 (CI 74260), Pigment Black 7 (CI 77266), and mixtures thereof.

[0067] The at least one pigment according to this technology may also be in the form of at least one composite pigment, as described in European Patent Publication No. 1184426. These composite pigments may be a compound of particles, for example, comprising a mineral core, at least one binder to ensure the binding of an organic pigment to the core, and at least one organic pigment that at least partially covers the core.

[0068] Organic pigments can also be lakes. As used herein, the term “lake” means a dye adsorbed onto insoluble particles, the aggregate thus obtained remaining insoluble during use. The insoluble particles on which the dye is adsorbed can be, for example, alumina, silica, calcium sodium borosilicate, calcium aluminum borosilicate, and aluminum. A non-limiting example of a lake is D&C Red 7 (CI 15 850:1).

[0069] Examples of dyes include cochineal carmine, D&C Red 21 (CI 45 380), D&C Orange 5 (CI 45 370), D&C Red 27 (CI 45 410), D&C Orange 10 (CI 45 425), D&C Red 3 (CI 45 430), D&C Red 4 (CI 15 510), D&C Red 33 (CI 17 200), D&C Yellow 5 (CI 19 140), D&C Yellow 6 (CI 15 985), D&C Green (CI 61 570), D&C Yellow 10 (CI 77 002), D&C Green 3 (CI 42 053), and D&C Blue 1 (CI 42 090).

[0070] At least one pigment may also be a pigment with special effects. As used herein, the term “pigment with special effects” generally refers to a pigment that produces a non-uniform colored appearance (characterized by a particular hue, a particular vivacity, and a particular lightness) that changes as a function of observation conditions (light, temperature, observation angle, etc.). They are thus in contrast to white or colored pigments that give a standard uniform opaque, translucent, or transparent hue. Some types of pigments with special effects have low refractive indices, such as fluorescent, photochromic, or thermochromic pigments, and high refractive indices, such as pearlescent or luminous flakes.

[0071] Examples of pigments that impart special effects include nacreous pigments such as mica / red iron oxide, mica coated with titanium or bismuth oxychloride, colored nacreous pigments such as titan mica with iron oxide, titan mica with ferric blue or chromium oxide, titan mica with the above organic pigments, and nacreous pigments based on bismuth oxychloride. Exemplary nacreous pigments include mica-TiO2 lake, mica-TiO2, mica-Fe2O3, and mica-TiO2-Fe2O3.

[0072] In addition to the nacreous layer on a mica support, multilayer pigments based on synthetic substrates such as alumina, silica, calcium sodium borosilicate, calcium aluminum borosilicate, and aluminum can be used.

[0073] Pigments with interference effects that are not fixed on a substrate, such as liquid crystals (Helicones® HC from Material District) and holographic interference flakes. Pigments with special effects include fluorescent pigments, phosphorescent pigments, photochromic pigments, thermochromic pigments, and quantum dots.

[0074] The various pigments that can be used in this invention make it possible to obtain a wide range of colors and optical effects such as metallic or interference effects.

[0075] In one embodiment, the particle size of at least one pigment used in the cosmetic composition according to this technology is in the range of 10 nm to 200 μm, 20 nm to 80 μm, or 30 nm to 50 μm.

[0076] In one embodiment, at least one pigment may be dispersed in a temporary hair product via at least one dispersant. The at least one dispersant serves to protect the dispersed particles from aggregation or coagulation. The at least one dispersant may be a surfactant, oligomer, polymer, or a mixture of several thereof, having at least one functional group having a strong affinity for the surface of the dispersed particles. For example, they may be physically or chemically bonded to the surface of at least one pigment. These dispersants also contain at least one functional group that is compatible with or soluble in the continuous medium. For example, 12-hydroxystearates of polyols such as glycerol or diglycerol and C8-C 20 Fatty acid esters, polyglyceryl-2 dipolyhydroxystearate marketed by BASF under the trade name Dehymyls® PGPH, or polyhydroxystearic acid marketed by Croda under the trade name Arlacel® P100, and mixtures thereof.

[0077] The pigment (colorant) is present in the temporary dyeing composition in an amount effective for dyeing hair. In one embodiment, the amount of pigment present in the temporary dyeing composition is in the range of about 0.0005 to about 20% by weight, or about 0.005 to 10% by weight, or about 0.05 to about 6% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0078] Temporary coloring compositions may be formulated in any manner commonly used in temporary hair dye products. In one embodiment, the temporary dye composition is formulated in the form of a lotion, cream, gel, shampoo, mousse, and emulsion, or other suitable vehicle known to skilled hair color formulationers.

[0079] In one embodiment, at least one polyurethane having a tethering tertiary amino group that is optionally partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized can be directly incorporated into the temporary dye composition.

[0080] In one embodiment, at least one polyurethane component (b) is (i) at least one polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one main-chain polyamine, polyol, polymercaptan, and mixture thereof having about two isocyanate-reactive hydrogens, (iii) A reaction product comprising at least one compound containing a tertiary nitrogen having two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen-containing substituents and a tethering tertiary amino group substituent, wherein the tertiary amino group is located away from the polyurethane skeleton by a tethering moiety containing at least two interposing atoms.

[0081] In one embodiment, a tethering tertiary amino group of at least one polyurethane component b) is optionally partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized.

[0082] In one embodiment, at least one polyurethane b) having a tethering tertiary amino group that is optionally partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized is dispersed in water to form a polyurethane prepolymer dispersion.

[0083] In one embodiment, the partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized aqueous prepolymer dispersion is chain-extended with a chain extender selected from water, inorganic or organic polyamines, low molecular weight polyols, and mixtures thereof.

[0084] Polyurethane components The polyurethane of this technology is formed from at least one polyisocyanate and at least one NCO-reactive compound (isocyanate-reactive compound). Any compound that provides an active hydrogen source for reacting with an isocyanate group via the reaction -NCO + HX → -NH-C(=O)-X can be used as the NCO-reactive compound in this technology. Examples of active hydrogen compounds include, but are not limited to, polyols, polythiols, and polyamines. In addition, a tethering tertiary amine group is introduced into the polymer via a monomer containing at least two active hydrogen groups for reaction with the isocyanate. Optionally, an isocyanate-reactive chain extender and a water-dispersible monomer can be reacted into the polyurethane backbone.

[0085] In one embodiment, the polyurethane of this technology is prepared as an aqueous polyurethane dispersion using a well-known prepolymerization method.

[0086] Isocyanate Suitable polyisocyanates include aliphatic, alicyclic, aromaticaliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic polyisocyanates, which have an average of about two or more isocyanate groups per molecule, preferably an average of about two to about four isocyanate groups, and are used alone or in mixtures of two or more. In one embodiment, the polyisocyanate is selected from diisocyanates, but monofunctional isocyanates can also be used, for example, as molecular weight control agents.

[0087] Specific examples of suitable aliphatic polyisocyanates include α,ω-alkylene diisocyanates having 5 to 20 carbon atoms, such as hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate, 1,12-dodecane diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4,4-trimethyl-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2-methyl-1,5-pentamethylene diisocyanate, and lysine diisocyanate. Polyisocyanates having fewer than 5 carbon atoms can be used, but are less desirable due to their high volatility and toxicity. Preferred aliphatic polyisocyanates include hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-hexamethylene-diisocyanate, and 2,4,4-trimethyl-hexamethylene diisocyanate.

[0088] Specific examples of suitable alicyclic polyisocyanates include dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, cyclohexane diisocyanate, bis-(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane diisocyanate, cyclohexane triisocyanate, and their isomers. Preferred alicyclic polyisocyanates include dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate.

[0089] Specific examples of suitable aromatic aliphatic polyisocyanates include m-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, p-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, 1,4-xylylene diisocyanate, and 1,3-xylylene diisocyanate. The preferred aromatic aliphatic polyisocyanate is tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate.

[0090] Examples of suitable aromatic polyisocyanates include diphenylmethylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, phenyl diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, tetrahydronaphthalene diisocyanate, biphenyl diisocyanate, dimethyl biphenyl diisocyanate, dichlorobiphenyl diisocyanate, triphenylmethane triisocyanate, and their isomers. In one embodiment, examples of aromatic polyisocyanates include 4,4'-diphenylmethylene diisocyanate and toluene diisocyanate.

[0091] Suitable examples of heterocyclic isocyanates include 5,5'-methylenebisfurfuryl isocyanate and 5,5'-isopropylidenebisfurfuryl isocyanate.

[0092] Active hydrogen-containing compounds The term "containing active hydrogen" refers to a compound that is a source of active hydrogen and can react with an isocyanate group via the following reactions. -NCO+HX→-NH-C(=O)-X

[0093] Such compounds typically have a wide molecular weight range, from 18 g / mol for water and 17 g / mol to about 10,000 g / mol for ammonia. They are usually divided into two subclasses, depending on their molecular weight: polyols with a number-average molecular weight of about 500–10,000 g / mol and chain extenders with molecular weights of 18–500 g / mol. The two extremes of the scale represent physical entities, with high molecular weight polyols contributing to the soft segment of polyurethanes and low molecular weight short-chain extenders contributing to the hard segment.

[0094] Polyols and active hydrogen-containing compounds The term "polyol" in relation to this technology typically refers to any high molecular weight product (M) called a long-chain polyol. nThis means (>500 g / mol) and includes materials that have active hydrogen capable of reacting with isocyanates and have an average of about two or more hydroxyl or other NCO-reactive groups per molecule. Examples of moieties containing active hydrogen that react with NCO groups (isocyanate groups) are hydroxyl, amino, and thiol groups.

[0095] Examples of such long-chain polyols include polyethers, polyesters, polycarbonates, and polycaprolactone polyols. Other examples of active hydrogen group-containing polymers include polyamides, polyesteramides, polyacetals, polythioethers, polysiloxanes, ethoxylated polysiloxanes, halogenated polyesters and polyethers, polybutadienes, hydrogenated polybutadienes, polyisoprene, polyisobutylene, alkyd-modified and polythioether polyols, hydroxyl-containing acrylic and methacrylic polymers and copolymers, hydroxyl-containing epoxy polymers, and mixtures thereof. Combinations of different types of polyols may be used. In one embodiment, the molecular weight (M n ) is in the range of over 500 g / mol, or approximately 650 g / mol to approximately 8000 g / mol, or approximately 800 to approximately 4000 g / mol, or approximately 1000 to approximately 3000 g / mol, or approximately 1200 to approximately 2500 g / mol, or approximately 1400 to approximately 2000 g / mol.

[0096] Polyether polyol Polyether polyols are obtained by known methods through the reaction of a starting compound containing a reactive hydrogen atom, such as water or a diol described for the preparation of polyester polyols, with alkylene oxides, such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, butylene oxide, styrene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, epichlorohydrin, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, polyethers include polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) and poly(propylene glycol) (PPG derived from 1,2-propanediol or 1,3-propanediol). Examples include Terathane® PTHF polyol from Invista, Acclaim® PPG diol with a lower monol content from Arco Chemical, and Cerenol® bio-based PPG from DuPont. Cerenol® bio-based PPG is derived from 1,3-propanediol.

[0097] In one embodiment, the polyether polyol provides the backbone (main chain) with about 25% by weight, more preferably less than about 15% by weight, and most preferably less than 5% by weight of poly(ethylene oxide) units, based on the dry weight of the final polyurethane, because such main chain poly(ethylene oxide) units tend to cause swelling of polyurethane particles in aqueous polyurethane dispersions and also contribute to a decrease in tensile strength during use (under wet or high humidity conditions) of articles made from polyurethane dispersions.

[0098] Polyester polyol Polyester polyols are typically esterification products prepared by the reaction of an organic polycarboxylic acid or its anhydride with a stoichiometrically excess diol. Examples of polyols suitable for use in the reaction include polyglycol adipic acid, polyethylene terephthalate polyol, polycaprolactone polyol, orthophthalic polyol, sulfonated polyol, and mixtures thereof.

[0099] The diols used in the production of polyester polyols can be aliphatic, alicyclic, or aromatic, and include alkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4- and 2,3-butylene glycol, hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,8-octanediol, and bisphenol A, cyclohexanediol, cyclohexanedimethanol (1,4-bis-hydroxymethylcyclohexane), 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, and 2,2,4-trimethyl Examples include 1,3-pentanediol, 2-butyl-2-ethylprolane-1,3-diol, Versatic® alcohol produced from CARDURA® E10P (Hexion), triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, caprolactone diol, dimerate diol, hydroxylated bisphenol, polyether glycol, halogenated diol, and other glycols, as well as mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, examples of diols include ethylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexanediol, and neopentyl glycol.

[0100] Suitable carboxylic acids used in the production of polyester polyols include dicarboxylic acids, tricarboxylic acids, and anhydrides, such as maleic acid, maleic anhydride, succinic acid, glutaric acid, glutaric anhydride, adipic acid, suberic acid, pimelic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, chlorenic acid, 1,2,4-butane-tricarboxylic acid, phthalic acid, isomers of phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, fumaric acid, tetrabromophthalic anhydride and other acids, dimeric fatty acids such as oleic acid, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, aliphatic or aromatic dibasic acids are used as polycarboxylic acids in the production of polyester polyols.

[0101] In one embodiment, the polyester polyol is a diol. Exemplary polyester diols include hexanediol neopentyl glycol adipic acid polyester diols, e.g., Piothane® 67-3000HNA (Panolam Industries) and Piothane 67-1000HNA; propylene glycol maleic anhydride adipic acid polyester diols, e.g., Piothane 50-1000OPMA; and hexanediol neopentyl glycol fumarate polyester diols, e.g., Piothane 67-500HNF. Other preferred polyester diols include Rucoflex® S1015-35, S1040-35, and S-1040-110 (RUCO Polymer Corp.).

[0102] Polycarbonate polyol Examples of polycarbonate polyols include those obtained by the reaction of diols such as 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, and mixtures thereof, with diaryl carbonates such as diphenyl carbonate or phosgene.

[0103] Polysiloxane polyol Polysiloxane polyols are characterized by the presence of an -R1R2SiO- repeating unit, which can contain alkyl or aryl groups, such as polydimethylsiloxane, poly(dimethylsiloxane-co-diphenylsiloxane), polydiphenylsiloxane, poly(methylphenyl)siloxane, and combinations thereof. Examples include ethoxylated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) Y-17256 from Momentive Performance Materials and side-chain PDMS diol MCR-C61 from Gelest.

[0104] Polyacetal Examples of polyacetals include compounds that can be prepared by the reaction of (A) an aldehyde such as formaldehyde with (B) a glycol such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, ethoxylated 4,4'-dihydroxy-diphenyldimethylmethane, or 1,6-hexanediol. Polyacetals can also be prepared by polymerization of cyclic acetals.

[0105] Polyesteramides and polyamides Instead of long-chain polyols, long-chain amides can be used to prepare isocyanate-terminated prepolymers. Suitable long-chain amides include polyesteramides and polyamides, such as mainly linear condensates obtained from the reaction of polybasic saturated and unsaturated carboxylic acids or their anhydrides with polyvalent saturated or unsaturated amino alcohols, diamines, polyamines, and mixtures thereof.

[0106] Diamines and polyamines are among the preferred compounds useful for preparing the aforementioned polyesteramides and polyamides. Suitable diamines and polyamines include 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,6-diaminohexane, 2-methyl-1,5-pentanediamine, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine, 1,12-diaminododecane, 2-aminoethanol, 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethanol, piperazine, 2,5-dimethylpiperazine, 1-amino-3-aminomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexane (isophoronediamine or IPDA), and bis-(4-aminomethyl) Chlohexyl)-methane, bis-(4-amino-3-methyl-cyclohexyl)-methane, 1,4-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-propylenediamine, hydrazine, urea, amino acid hydrazides, semicarbazide carboxylic acid hydrazides, bis-hydrazides and bis-semicarbazides, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, N,N,N-tris-(2-aminoethyl)amine, N-(2-piperazinoethyl)- Ethylenediamine, N,N-bis-(2-aminoethyl)-piperazine, N,N,N'-tris-(2-aminoethyl)-ethylenediamine, N-[N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl]-N'-(2-aminoethyl)-piperazine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-piperazinoethyl)-ethylenediamine, N,N-bis-(2-aminoethyl)-N-(2-piperazinoethyl)amine, N,N-bis-(2-piperazinoethyl)-amine, polyethyleneimine, Examples include iminobispropylamine, guanidine, melamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-1,3-propanediamine, 3,3'-diaminobenzidine, 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine, polyoxypropyleneamine, tetrapropylenepentamine, tripylenetetramine, N,N-bis-(6-aminohexyl)amine, N,N'-bis-(3-aminopropyl)ethylenediamine, and 2,4-bis-(4'-aminobenzyl)-aniline, as well as mixtures thereof.Preferred diamines and polyamines include 1-amino-3-aminomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexane (isophoronediamine or IPDA), bis-(4-aminocyclohexyl)-methane, bis-(4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl)-methane, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, and pentaethylenehexamine, and mixtures thereof. Other preferred diamines and polyamines include Jeffamine® D-2000 and D-4000, which are amine-terminated polypropylene glycols differing only in molecular weight and are available from Huntsman Chemical Company.

[0107] Polythiol In one embodiment, polythiol compounds may also be used to prepare isocyanate-terminated prepolymers. Typical examples of polythiol compounds represented by b include 1,2-ethanedithiol, propane-1,2-dithiol, n-hexane1,6-dithiol, n-decane-1,10-dithiol, 1,3-cyclohexanedithiol, 1,4-cyclohexanedithiol, bis(2-mercaptoethyl) ether, 1,2-bis(mercaptomethylthio)benzene, 1,4-dimercaptobenzene, and bis(2-mercaptoethyl) sulfide.

[0108] NCO:OH ratio In one embodiment, the prepolymer produced by this technology is isocyanate-terminated. For this reason, the ratio of isocyanate equivalents to active hydrogen in the prepolymer is typically in the range of about 1.3 / 1 to about 2.5 / 1, or about 1.5 / 1 to about 2.1 / 1, or about 1.7 / 1 to about 2 / 1.

[0109] If desired, OH-terminated prepolymers can also be prepared. In this case, OH equivalent access to NCO is used.

[0110] Tethering monomer The polyurethanes of this technology contain cationic groups tethered to the backbone. Such cationic groups include ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium groups. These groups can be incorporated into the polymer in ionic form, or optionally generated by post-neutralization (e.g., by acid) and / or post-quaternization of the corresponding nitrogen (e.g., having an alkyl halide), phosphorus, or sulfur moiety tethered from the polyurethane backbone. All combinations of the above groups, as well as combinations with nonionic stabilization, can be used. Anionic groups can also be incorporated into polymers that produce zwitterionic compositions.

[0111] In one embodiment, a tethering cationic group-containing monomer reacts with other reactants that form a polyurethane through a conventional isocyanate reaction with active hydrogen groups present on a tethering tertiary amine monomer, and as a result the monomer is incorporated into the polyurethane, the tertiary nitrogen atoms are tethered away from the polyurethane backbone by at least two atoms in one embodiment and by at least three atoms in another embodiment. In one embodiment, the tethering atoms contain, essentially consist of, or comprise carbon atoms.

[0112] In one embodiment, the monomer having a tethering tertiary amino group contains an average of two active hydrogen groups involved in the construction of the polyurethane of this technology.

[0113] Examples of tethering amine monomers include 2,2'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azandiyl)bis(ethane-1-ol) and 1,1'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azandiyl)bis(propan-2-ol) (Jeffcat® DPA manufactured by Hunnstman), which are represented by the following structures. [ka]

[0114] In one embodiment, monomers having a tethering tertiary amino group may contain only one active hydrogen group. These monofunctional active hydrogen group-containing tethering monomers can be used in polyurethane synthesis as chain extenders or as components of polyesters or polyether polyols. These monofunctional active hydrogen group-containing monomers can be used in combination with the bifunctional tethering monomers described above, or on their own.

[0115] In one embodiment, a variation of the Michael addition reaction can produce monofunctional active hydrogen tethering amine monomers when a hydroxyalkyl acrylate reacts with an N,N-dialkylalkylenediamine. Therefore, the reaction of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate with N,N-dimethylpropylenediamine yields the following monomers. [ka]

[0116] In another embodiment, an amino alcohol monomer having a tethering tertiary amino group can be synthesized by reacting an oxirane (epoxide) with the aforementioned asymmetric dialkyldiaminoalkylene. [ka]

[0117] Cationic salts can be prepared by neutralizing tertiary amines with virtually any acid. Examples of acids include acetic acid, formic acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, nitrite, boric acid, carbonic acid, perchloric acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, 2-carboxyethyl acrylate, lactic acid, ascorbic acid, glycine, alanine, leucine, norleucine, phenylalanine, serine, taurine, valine, α-aminobutyric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, benzoic acid, mercaptoacetic acid, salicylic acid, pivalic acid, chloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, citric acid, propionic acid, glycolic acid, 1-sulfonaphthalene, tartaric acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, 5-sulfosalicylic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, o-, m-, and p- Examples include copolymers of toluic acid, o-, m-, and p-aminobenzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, phenylacetic acid, methylbenzenesulfonic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, oleic acid, o-, m-, and p-chlorobenzoic acid, o-, m-, and p-bromobenzoic acid, anthranilic acid, o-, m-, and p-nitrobenzoic acid, adipic acid, caprylic acid, caproic acid, lauric acid, fluoroacetic acid, capric acid, myristic acid, methoxyacetic acid, dodecanesulfonic acid, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, ethylbenzenesulfonic acid, octanesulfonic acid, hexanesulfonic acid, polyacrylic acid, acrylic acid, and methacrylic acid.

[0118] In one embodiment, the tertiary amine groups are neutralized before or during the dispersion of the polyurethane in water. In one embodiment, the degree of neutralization of the tethering and / or terminal tertiary amine groups is greater than 10%, in another embodiment greater than 20, 25, or 30 mol%, and in a more preferred embodiment, the degree of neutralization is greater than 45 or 60 mol%. In one embodiment, at least 80, at least 85, at least 90, or at least 95 mol% of the tertiary amino groups are neutralized. Since multiple tertiary amino groups may inhibit the neutralization or quaternization of closely spaced adjacent tertiary amino groups, when specifying the percentage of quaternization or neutralization, it refers to the percentage of groups quaternized or neutralized at one or more nitrogen atoms of the tethering or terminal groups (not reducing the percentage of quaternization or neutralization due to inhibition of quaternization or neutralization by close physical proximity). In another embodiment, an excess of acid can be used against the amine.

[0119] Tertiary amines can be quaternized with any known quaternizing agent. In one embodiment, the quaternizing agents are alkyl halides, aralkyl halides, dialkyl carbonates, dialkyl sulfates, and epoxides. In one embodiment, examples of quaternizing agents include methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, benzyl chloride, methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, benzyl bromide, dimethyl sulfate, diethyl sulfate, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, styrene oxide, and epichlorohydrin.

[0120] In one embodiment, the tertiary amine group is quaternized to a certain extent. In one embodiment, the degree of quaternization of the tethering type and / or terminal tertiary amine group is greater than 10 mol%, or greater than 20, greater than 25, or greater than 30%, or greater than 45, or greater than 60 mol%. In one embodiment, at least 80, or at least 85, or at least 90, or at least 95 mol% of the tertiary amino group is quaternized.

[0121] A combination of quaternary fermentation and neutralization can be used.

[0122] The number of tethered tertiary amino groups can be from 0.1 to about 15 or 20 milliequivalents per gram of the urethane polymer. In one aspect, the lower limit is 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, or 0.6 milliequivalents / gram, and the upper limit is about 10, 8, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 milliequivalent, or less than 1 milliequivalent per gram of the urethane polymer. The number of tethered tertiary amino groups decreases as these groups are quaternized or neutralized with an acid (which makes these groups more effective in the colloidal stabilization of the urethane dispersion in water). The number of tethered tertiary amino groups also decreases as nonionic and / or zwitterionic groups are added to the urethane polymer, compensating for the cationic stabilization effect for the colloidal stabilization of the urethane dispersion in water. For the purpose of facilitating the calculation of the amount of tethered tertiary amino groups within the above ranges, if multiple tethered tertiary amino groups are present in one tethered or terminal position group from the urethane backbone, all of the tethered tertiary amino groups together are counted as a single tethered tertiary amino group. Tethered tertiary amino groups are counted the same way whether they are quaternized or neutralized with an acid constituent. In an example that does not include any nonionic colloidal stabilizing moieties, the inventors have found very effective colloidal stabilization using only 0.87 milliequivalents of tethered tertiary amino groups per gram of the urethane polymer.

[0123] Chain extender A chain extender having a molecular weight of 18 - 500 g / mol, such as an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic diol or amine, can optionally be used during the formation of the prepolymer and during the dispersion step of the process. Since the prepolymer is formed at high temperature, generally in the absence of water, a less reactive alcohol functionality is preferred for prepolymer chain extension in order to provide better control over temperature and mixing.

[0124] On the other hand, during the dispersion stage of the process, the chain extender competes with water with respect to reaction with the remaining NCO. In this case, a more reactive amine functionality is desired.

[0125] In one aspect, a chain extender is not used.

[0126] In one aspect, a chain extender selected from water, an inorganic or organic polyamine having an average of about two or more primary and / or secondary amine groups, or a combination thereof is suitable for use in the present technology. Organic amines suitable for use as chain extenders are the same diamines and polyamines as described above as monomers for preparing polyesteramides and polyamides.

[0127] In one aspect, the chain extender used to extend the prepolymer is selected from water, ethylenediamine, and mixtures thereof.

[0128] The amount of the chain extender is typically in the range of about 0.3 to about 1.1 equivalents based on the available isocyanate.

[0129] Water-dispersibility improving compound In one aspect, at least one water-dispersibility improving compound (i.e., monomer) having at least one hydrophilic, ionic, or potentially ionic group is optionally included in the polyurethane polymers and prepolymers of the present technology to assist in the dispersion of the polymer / prepolymer in water. In one aspect, a tethering type amine monomer or its salt is this water-dispersibility improving compound, and its content is sufficient to prepare a stable dispersion without additional means.

[0130] In another aspect, when the content of the tethering type amine monomer or its salt is insufficient to prepare a stable dispersion without additional means, additional water-dispersibility improving compounds can be used. These compounds can be nonionic, anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, or a combination thereof. For example, anionic groups such as carboxylic acid groups can be incorporated into the prepolymer in an inactive form and activated by a salt-forming compound such as a tethering type amine compound or an additional tertiary amine. Usually, the carboxylic acid group has the general formula (HO) × Q(COOH) yThe hydroxycarboxylic acid is introduced by a hydroxycarboxylic acid having (wherein Q is a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and x and y are 1 to 3). Examples of such hydroxycarboxylic acids include dimethylol butanoic acid (DMBA), citric acid, tartaric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, and mixtures thereof. Dihydroxycarboxylic acids are more preferred, and dimethylol butanoic acid and dimethylol butanoic acid (DMBA) are most preferred. The carboxylic acid can be converted to a cationic center by postpolymerization reactions, such as the reaction of an epoxy quaternary ammonium compound with the carboxylic acid group of dimethylolpropanoic acid.

[0131] Particularly interesting compounds for improving water dispersibility are side-chain hydrophilic monomers. Some examples include alkylene oxide polymers and copolymers having alkylene oxide groups with 2 to 10 carbon atoms, as shown in, for example, U.S. Patent No. 6,897,281 (the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference).

[0132] The amount of such side-chain hydrophilic monomers can be as low as 10, 6, 3, 2, or even less than 1% based on the weight of the final polyurethane when improved colloidal stability is desired, and may be as high as 20, 30, 40, or even 50% when water or polar solvent absorption properties are required.

[0133] Examples of commercially available hydrophilic side-chain monomers include Tegomer® D-3403 from Evonik, and Ymer N90, N120, and N180 from Perstorp.

[0134] catalyst Urethane prepolymers can be formed without the use of a catalyst, but in some cases a catalyst may be used to reduce synthesis time or temperature. Examples of catalysts include organotin compounds, tertiary amines, and transition metal compounds. Specific examples of suitable catalysts include stannous octanoate, dibutyltin dilaurate, and tertiary amine compounds such as triethylamine and bis-(dimethylaminoethyl) ether, morpholine compounds such as β,β'-dimorpholinodiethyl ether, carboxylate bismuth, carboxylate zinc bismuth, iron(III) chloride, potassium octanoate, potassium acetate, and zirconium catalysts K-KAT® XC-9213 and K-KAT® 6212 from King Industries.

[0135] In one embodiment, the amount of catalyst used to form the prepolymer is typically about 5 to about 200 parts per million of the total weight of the prepolymer reactants.

[0136] solvent Any solvent that is unreactive to any significant degree in the urethane fabrication reaction may be used in this technique, but this is undesirable because it introduces volatile organic components (VOCs). The use of solvents may be desirable to reduce the viscosity of the prepolymer, provide a heat sink, act as a reflux medium, and assist in film formation. Examples of solvents include substituted pyrrolidinones, amides, esters, ethers, ketone esters, ketones, glycol ether esters, furan hydrogenates, tertiary alcohols, aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and mixtures thereof.

[0137] Specific examples include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, isobutylheptyl ketone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methyl caprolactam, N-methyl valerolactam, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether formal, and dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether.

[0138] The amount of solvent can vary over a wide range depending on the properties of the resulting polymer. Approximately 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of solvent can be used per 100 parts by weight of prepolymer.

[0139] In some cases, it is desirable to remove at least a portion of the solvent from the dispersion. This can be done using a solvent with a boiling point lower than that of water. These solvents can be removed from the dispersion by, for example, distillation, vacuum distillation, isotropic distillation, and thin-film evaporation.

[0140] Polymer preparation Aqueous dispersions of polyurethane particles are prepared according to this technique by forming a polyurethane prepolymer in substantially the absence of water, and then dispersing this prepolymer in an aqueous medium. This can be done in any manner. Typically, the prepolymer is formed by bulk polymerization or solution polymerization of the prepolymer components.

[0141] Once the polyurethane prepolymer mixture is formed, it is dispersed in an aqueous medium to form a dispersion or solution. Dispersing the prepolymer in an aqueous medium can be done by any conventional technique in the same manner as dispersing other polyurethane prepolymers produced by bulk polymerization or solution polymerization in water. Typically, this is done by mixing and combining the prepolymer blend with water. The prepolymer may be neutralized and / or quaternized before or immediately after dispersion in water. Following neutralization and dispersion in water, the prepolymer is chain-extended by reaction with water, at least one of inorganic or organic polyamines having about two or more primary and / or secondary amine groups on average, polyalcohols, urea, or a combination thereof.

[0142] In one embodiment, the neutralized and dispersed prepolymer is chain-extended with water present in the dispersion medium.

[0143] In one embodiment, the tethering polyurethane of the technology disclosed herein is

[0144] (A)(1) at least one polyisocyanate having an average of about two or more isocyanate groups selected from aliphatic diisocyanates, aromatic diisocyanates, aromatic aliphatic diisocyanates, and mixtures thereof; (2) at least one active hydrogen group-containing compound selected from polyether polyols; polyester polyols, polycarbonate polyols, polysiloxane polyols, polyacetals, polyesteramides; polyesteramides; polythiols, and mixtures thereof; (3) reacting at least one active hydrogen group-containing monomer having a tethering type tertiary amine group to form a prepolymer.

[0145] (B) The prepolymer is dispersed in water and, optionally, neutralized as necessary, and the prepolymer is chain-extended by reaction with at least one of water, an inorganic or organic polyamine having on average about two or more primary and / or secondary amine groups, a polyalcohol, urea, or a combination thereof. It is prepared by a process comprising this.

[0146] When solvent polymerization is used, the solvent and other volatile constituents can optionally be removed from the final dispersion as necessary. If the prepolymer contains a water-dispersibility improving compound (such as cationic and optional nonionic monomers) sufficient to form a stable dispersion without the addition of an emulsifier (surfactant), a dispersion can be prepared without using such a compound, i.e., substantially without surfactant as necessary. The advantage of this approach is that hair care products made from polyurethane exhibit lower water sensitivity, better film formation, and less foaming.

[0147] An additional advantage of the compositions of the present technology over the compositions disclosed in the prior art is that the possible solids content is significantly higher. In one aspect, the dispersions of the present technology typically have at least about 20 wt%, or at least about 25 wt%, or at least about 百分之30, 31.25, 35, or 40 wt% total solids (i.e., polyurethane solids).

[0148] An aqueous dispersion of at least one polyurethane having a tethering type tertiary amino group that is partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized is relatively hydrophilic when dispersed in a continuous hair color formulation phase. When the polymer dries, the neutralizing agent evaporates, the polymer returns to its non-neutralized form, and the polymer becomes hydrophobic. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that the polymer forms a hydrophobic film on / in the substrate of the colored hair, which fixes the colorant on or in the hair, thereby preventing the colorant from leaching.

[0149] At least one polyurethane having a partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized tethering tertiary amino group is compatible with colorants commonly used in permanent, semi-permanent, and temporary hair coloring compositions.

[0150] In one embodiment, the polyurethane having a tethering tertiary amino group is a polyurethane dispersion prepared from at least one alicyclic diisocyanate, at least one polyether polyol, and at least one tethering tertiary amino group monomer containing two active hydrogen groups, wherein the tertiary amino group is neutralized with an acid.

[0151] In one embodiment, the polyurethane having a tethering tertiary amino group is a polyurethane dispersion prepared from a first alicyclic diisocyanate, a second alicyclic diisocyanate different from the first alicyclic diisocyanate, at least one polyether polyol, and at least one tethering tertiary amino group monomer containing two active hydrogen groups, wherein the tertiary amino group is neutralized with an acid.

[0152] In one embodiment, at least one polyurethane having a tethering type tertiary amino group is dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H 12 A polyurethane dispersion prepared from a mixture thereof, comprising at least one tethering tertiary amino group monomer selected from MDI, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polytetrahydrofuran, 2,2'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azandiyl)bis(ethane-1-ol), and 1,1'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azandiyl)bis(propan-2-ol), wherein the tertiary amino group is neutralized with acetic acid.

[0154] The amount of at least one polyurethane having a tethering tertiary amino group that is optionally partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized is in the range of about 0.004 to about 4% by weight, or about 0.2 to about 2.4% by weight, or about 0.3 to about 1.2% by weight (based on the active polymer), based on the total weight of the composition. In addition, the cationicity of the polymer imparts conditioning properties to the polymer.

[0155] The hair color compositions of this technology can be formulated to be delivered as shampoos, conditioners, rinses, lotions, emulsions, creams, foams, gels, sprays, mousses, pomades, oils, highlighters, powders, pastes, tablets, and waxes. The ingredients and techniques for formulating permanent, semi-permanent, and temporary hair color products of this technology are well known to hair color product manufacturers.

[0156] Auxiliary components, additives, and adjuvants Product formulations comprising a hair colorant and at least one polyurethane having a tethering tertiary amino group that is partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized, as optional in the art of the present disclosure, may include, but are not limited to, various auxiliary components, additives, and cosmetic adjuvants conventionally or commonly found in hair coloring compositions, including acidifying or alkalizing pH adjusters (neutralizing agents) and buffering agents; auxiliary fixatives and film-forming agents such as synthetic or naturally derived nonionic, anionic, cationic, or amphoteric polymers; auxiliary rheology modifiers such as viscosity-increasing polymers, natural and derivatized gums, resin thickeners, or gelling agents; additives such as emulsifiers, emulsion stabilizers, waxes, dispersants, and viscosity control agents such as solvents and electrolytes; antistatic agents, synthetic oils, ester oils, vegetable oils, or animal oils, ceramides, cholesterol, lecithin, silicone oils, monomers, or polymers. The following may be included: auxiliary conditioning agents such as ammonium compounds and their derivatives, gloss enhancers, moisturizers, emollients, wetting agents, lubricants, and sunscreens; surfactants such as anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric, and zwitterionic surfactants, and their silicone derivatives; polymer film modifiers (e.g., plasticizers), hair swelling agents (e.g., urea, isopropyl alcohol, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate), tackifiers, anti-tackifiers, wetting agents, etc.; product stabilizers and finishing agents such as chelating agents, opaque agents, pearlescent agents, protein materials and their derivatives, vitamins and their derivatives, preservatives, fragrances, solubilizers, colorants such as pigments and dyes (temporary or permanent), UV absorbers and filters; spraying agents such as fluorinated hydrocarbons, liquid volatile hydrocarbons, and compressed gases (miscible or immiscible); and mixtures thereof.

[0157] The auxiliary components, additives, and adjuvants, products, or materials that may be used in the hair coloring compositions disclosed herein are referred to by their INCI names, commonly known as international nomenclature, and their commonly used chemical names, as assigned to them by the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary (hereafter referred to as the INCI Dictionary), published by the Personal Care Products Council (formerly the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association) in Washington, DC (as found in any edition of the INCI Dictionary, e.g., the 6th edition, volumes 1 and 2 (1995), or the 7th and 8th editions, volumes 1-3 (1997, 2000)). Numerous commercial suppliers of materials listed by INCI name, trade name, or both can be found in the INCI dictionary and numerous commercial publications, including but not limited to 2001 McCutcheon's Directories, Volume 1: Emulsifiers & Detergents and Volume 2: Functional Materials (published by McCutcheon's Division), The Manufacturing Confectioner Publishing Co., Glen Rock, NJ (2001), and 2001 Cosmetic Bench Reference, edition of Cosmetics & Toiletries®, 115(13) (published by Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, IL) (2001), and their respective relevant disclosures are incorporated herein by reference.Such components and formulations of the compositions are also described in detail in well-known literature such as Cosmetics Science and Technology, First Edition (Sagarin(ed)) (published in 1957), and Second Edition (Balsam, et al.(eds)) (published in 1972-74), and The Chemistry and Manufacture of Cosmetics, Second Edition (deNavarre(ed)) (published in 1975) and Third Edition (Schlossman (ed)) (published in 2000) (both available from Allured Publishing Corporation); Rieger(ed), Harry's Cosmeticology, 8th Edition, Chemical Publishing, Co., Inc., New York, NY (2000), and various formulations are available to those skilled in the art in the pharmaceutical field, such as Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fourteenth Edition, Mack Publishing Company, Easton, PA (1970), and the relevant disclosures of each are incorporated herein by reference.

[0158] solvent The composition may be prepared as a water-free or water-based formulation. The composition may contain a solvent in which the hair colorant is soluble / dispersible. The solvent may be selected from water, organic solvents, and combinations of water and organic solvents. Examples of organic solvents other than water include linear and branched alcohols such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, and hexanol; glycols (e.g., 1,2-propanediol, bio-derived 1,3-propanediol), and aromatic alcohols such as benzyl alcohol and cyclohexanol. Other examples of non-aqueous solvents or diluents include silicones and silicone derivatives such as cyclomethicone, ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; natural and synthetic oils and waxes, e.g., vegetable oils, plant oils, animal oils, essential oils, mineral oils, C7-C40 Examples include alkyl carboxylic acid esters such as isoparaffin, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, and ethyl lactate, jojoba oil, shark liver oil, etc. Some of the aforementioned non-aqueous auxiliary solvents or diluents can also serve as conditioners and emulsifiers. However, for the purpose of calculating on a weight basis in the composition, all liquids listed in this section are regarded as solvents / diluents.

[0159] Rheology modifier (thickener) To provide a composition that adheres well to hair fibers, the composition can include a rheology modifier or thickener that increases the overall viscosity of the composition. The Brookfield viscosity of the composition measured at 20 rpm and room temperature (20 - 25 °C) can be at least 400 mPa·s, or at least 1000 mPa·s, or at least 2000 mPa·s, or at least 3000 mPa·s when applied to hair, and can be at most 10,000 mPa·s.

[0160] To increase the viscosity, the composition can include one or more rheology modifiers that can be synthetic or natural.

[0161] Examples include aliphatic alcohols such as C 10 ~C 32 alcohols, natural oils, organic viscosity materials, and polymers of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid, such as carbomers. Exemplary natural oils include mineral oils that can be sold as liquid paraffin (mainly C 12 ~C 22 linear and branched aliphatic alkanes). An exemplary organic clay thickener is distearyldimonium hectorite. 15 ~C 40

[0162] Exemplary synthetic rheological modifiers include acrylic polymers and copolymers. One class of acrylic rheological modifiers is carboxyl-functional alkali-swelling and alkali-soluble thickeners (ASTs) produced by free-radical polymerization of acrylic acid alone or in combination with other ethylenically unsaturated monomers. Polymers can be synthesized by solvent / precipitation and emulsion polymerization techniques. Exemplary synthetic rheological modifiers of this class include homopolymers of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and acrylic acid, substituted acrylic acid, and salts of acrylic acid and substituted acrylic acid and C1-C 30 Examples include copolymers polymerized from one or more monomers of alkyl esters. As defined herein, substituted acrylic acids contain substituents located on the α and / or β carbon atoms of the molecule, and in one embodiment, the substituents are independently C 1~4 The polymers are selected from alkyl, -CN, and -COOH groups. Optionally, other ethylenically unsaturated monomers, such as styrene, vinyl acetate, ethylene, butadiene, acrylonitrile, and mixtures thereof, can be copolymerized to the backbone. The aforementioned polymers are optionally crosslinked with monomers containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated moieties. In one embodiment, the crosslinking agent is selected from polyalkenyl polyethers of polyhydric alcohols containing at least two alkenyl ether groups per molecule. Other exemplary crosslinking agents are selected from allyl ethers of sucrose and pentaerythritol, and mixtures thereof. These polymers are further described in U.S. Patents 5,087,445, 4,509,949, and 2,798,053.

[0163] In one embodiment, the AST rheology modifier or thickener is a crosslinked homopolymer polymerized from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and is generally referred to by its INCI name, carbomer. Commercially available carbomers include Carbopol® polymers 934, 940, 941, 956, 980, and 996, available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc., as well as Carbopol Ultrez 10 and 30, Carbopol Clear, and Carbopol Style 2.0 polymers. In a further embodiment, the rheology modifier comprises a first monomer selected from one or more monomers of acrylic acid, substituted acrylic acid, salts of acrylic acid, and salts of substituted acrylic acid, and one or more C110 10 ~C 30 The polymer is selected from a crosslinked copolymer polymerized from a second monomer selected from alkyl acrylate esters. In one embodiment, the monomer can be polymerized in the presence of a steric stabilizer, such as that disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,288,814, which is incorporated herein by reference. Some of the aforementioned polymers are designated as acrylate / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymers under INCI nomenclature and are commercially available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trade names Carbopol® 1342 and 1382, Carbopol® Ultrez 20 and 21, Carbopol® ETD 2020, and Pemulen® TR-1 and TR-2.

[0164] In another embodiment, the auxiliary rheological modifier may be a crosslinked linear poly(vinylamide / acrylic acid) copolymer, such as that disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 7,205,271, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0165] Another class of synthetic rheological modifiers suitable for use in compositions includes hydrophobically modified alkali-swellable and alkali-soluble emulsion (HASE) polymers, commonly referred to as hydrophobically modified ASTs. Typical HASE polymers include pH-sensitive or hydrophilic monomers (e.g., acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid), and hydrophobic monomers (e.g., C1-C1 of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid). 30 The free radical addition polymer is polymerized from alkyl esters, acrylonitriles, styrene, "associative monomers," and optionally crosslinkable monomers. The associative monomers include an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable terminal group and a nonionic hydrophilic intermediate section terminated with a hydrophobic terminal group. The nonionic hydrophilic intermediate section includes polyoxyalkylene groups, such as polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, or a mixture of polyethylene oxide / polypropylene oxide segments. The terminal hydrophobic terminal groups are typically C8-C 40 This is an aliphatic moiety. Exemplary aliphatic moieties are selected from linear and branched alkyl substituents, linear and branched alkenyl substituents, carbocyclic substituents, aryl substituents, aralkyl substituents, arylalkyl substituents, and alkylaryl substituents. In one embodiment, the associated monomer is a polyethoxylated and / or polypropoxylated aliphatic alcohol (typically a branched or unbranched C8-C8). 40 Polyethoxylated and / or polypropoxylated aliphatic alcohols can be prepared by condensation of an aliphatic moiety with a carboxylic acid group (e.g., acrylic acid, methacrylic acid), an unsaturated cyclic anhydride monomer (e.g., maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride), a monoethylenically unsaturated monoisocyanate (e.g., α,α-dimethyl-m-isopropenylbenzyl isocyanate), or an ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing a hydroxyl group (e.g., vinyl alcohol, allyl alcohol). Polyethoxylated and / or polypropoxylated aliphatic alcohols are C8-C 40 It is an ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide adduct of a monoalcohol containing an aliphatic moiety. C8~C40 Non-limiting examples of alcohols containing an aliphatic moiety include caprylic alcohol, isooctyl alcohol (2-ethylhexanol), pelargone alcohol (1-nonanol), decyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, and cetearyl alcohol (C). 16 ~C 18 (Mixture of monoalcohols), stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, lignoceryl alcohol, ceryl alcohol, montanyl alcohol, mericyl, laxeryl alcohol, gezyl alcohol, and C2-C 20 Examples include alkyl-substituted phenols (for example, nonylphenol).

[0166] Exemplary HASE polymers are disclosed in U.S. Patents No. 3,657,175, No. 4,384,096, No. 4,464,524, No. 4,801,671, and No. 5,292,843. In addition, an extensive review of HASE polymers can be found in Gregory D. Shay, Chapter 25, “Alkali-Swellable and Alkali-Soluble Thickener Technology: A Review,” Polymers in Aqueous Media-Performance Through Association, Advances in Chemistry Series 223, J. Edward Glass (ed.), ACS, pp. 457-494, Division Polymeric Materials, Washington, DC (1989), and this relevant disclosure is incorporated herein by reference. Commercially available HASE polymers are sold by Dow Chemical under the trade names Aculyn® 22 (INCI name: acrylate / steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer), Aculyn® 44 (INCI name: PEG-150 / decyl alcohol / SMDI copolymer), Aculyn 46 (INCI name: PEG-150 stearyl alcohol / SMDI copolymer), and Aculyn® 88 (INCI name: acrylate / steareth-20 methacrylate crosspolymer), and by Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trade names Chromapol® 5 polymer and Novethix® L-10 (INCI name: acrylate / beheneth-25 methacrylate copolymer).

[0167] In another embodiment, acid-swellable associative polymers can be used in conjunction with the hydrophobic-modified cationic polymers of the art of this disclosure. Such polymers generally possess cationic and associative properties. These polymers are free radical addition polymers polymerized from monomer mixtures comprising acid-sensitive amino-substituted hydrophilic monomers (e.g., dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylate or (meth)acrylamide), associative monomers (as defined above), lower alkyl(meth)acrylates, or hydroxyalkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid, vinyl and / or allyl ethers of polyethylene glycol, vinyl and / or allyl ethers of polypropylene glycol, vinyl and / or allyl ethers of polyethylene glycol / polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol esters of (meth)acrylic acid, polypropylene glycol esters of (meth)acrylic acid, polyethylene glycol / polypropylene glycol esters of (meth)acrylic acid, and other free radical polymerizable comonomers selected from combinations thereof. These polymers can optionally be crosslinked. Acid sensitivity means that the amino substituent becomes cationic at low pH values, typically in the range of 0.5 to 6.5. An exemplary acid-swellable associative polymer is Structure® Plus (INCI name: acrylate / aminoacrylate / C) from Nouryon. 10 ~C 30 It is marketed under the trade name Alkyl PEG-20 Itaconate, and by Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trade name Carbopol® Aqua CC (INCI name: Polyacrylate-1 Crosspolymer). In one embodiment, the acid-swellable polymer is one or more C1-C5 alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid, C1-C4 dialkylamino C1-C6 alkyl methacrylate, PEG / PPG-30 / 5 allyl ether, PEG20-25C 10 ~C 30This is a copolymer of alkyl ether methacrylate and hydroxy C2-C6 alkyl methacrylate crosslinked with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. Other useful acid-swellable associative polymers are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 7,378,479.

[0168] Hydrophobic modified alkoxylated methyl glucosides, such as PEG-120 methyl glucose dioleate, PEG-120 methyl glucose trioleate, and PEG-20 methyl glucose sesquistearate, which are available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trade names Glucamate® DOE-120, Glucamate® LT, Glucamate® VLT, and Glucamate® SSE-20, respectively, are also suitable as rheological modifiers.

[0169] Polysaccharides obtained from the exudates of trees and shrubs such as gum arabic, gum gahatti, and gum tragacanth, as well as pectin; seaweed extracts such as alginates and carrageenan (e.g., lambda, kappa, iota, and their salts); algal extracts such as agar; microbial polysaccharides such as xanthan gum, guerane, and wellan; cellulose ethers such as ethylhexylethylcellulose, hydroxybutylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, and hydroxypropylcellulose cellulose ether; polygalactomannans such as fenugreek gum, cassia gum, locust bean gum, tara gum, and guar gum; and starches such as corn starch, tapioca starch, rice starch, wheat starch, potato starch, and sorghum starch may also be used in the compositions herein as suitable rheological modifiers.

[0170] In one embodiment, a suitable rheological modifier is fermentation-derived cellulose (FDC). Fermentation-derived cellulose (Sphingomonas fermentation extract) is a bio-based material obtained from microbial fermentation. Another naturally derived cellulose material suitable for use as a rheological modifier is microfibrous cellulose (MFC).

[0171] Rheological modifiers can be used alone or in combination and may be present in the composition in amounts of 0.001 to 50% by weight, for example, at least 0.1% by weight, or at least 1% by weight, for example, up to 20% by weight, or up to 10% by weight, or up to 3% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition and based on the active substance.

[0172] surfactant Hair care compositions may also contain one or more surfactants, such as anionic, cationic, amphoteric, and nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof.

[0173] In one aspect of this technology, suitable anionic surfactants include, but are not limited to, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkaryl sulfonates, α-olefin sulfonates, alkyl amide sulfonates, alkaryl polyether sulfates, alkyl amide ether sulfates, alkyl monoglyceryl ether sulfates, alkyl monoglyceride sulfates, alkyl monoglyceride sulfonates, alkyl succinates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl ether sulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl amide sulfosuccinates; alkyl sulfoacetates, alkyl phosphates, alkyl ether phosphates, alkyl ether carboxylates, alkyl amide ether carboxylates, acyl lactylates, alkyl isethionates, acyl isethionates, carboxylate salts, and amino acid-derived surfactants, such as N-alkyl amino acids, N-acyl amino acids, and alkyl peptides. Mixtures of these anionic surfactants are also useful.

[0174] In one embodiment, the cationic portion of the surfactant described above is selected from sodium, potassium, magnesium, ammonium, and alkanolammonium ions, such as monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium ions, and monoisopropylammonium, diisopropylammonium, and triisopropylammonium ions. In one embodiment, the alkyl and acyl groups of the surfactant described above may contain about 6 to about 24 carbon atoms in one embodiment, 8 to 22 carbon atoms in another embodiment, and about 12 to 18 carbon atoms in a further embodiment, and may be unsaturated. The aryl group in the surfactant is selected from phenyl or benzyl. In one embodiment, the ether-containing surfactant may contain 1 to 10 ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide units per surfactant molecule, and in another embodiment, it may contain 1 to 3 ethylene oxide units per surfactant molecule.

[0175] Suitable anionic surfactants include laureth sulfate, trideceth sulfate, myreth sulfate, and C2, which are ethoxylated with 1, 2, and 3 moles of ethylene oxide. 12 ~C 13 Palace Salpheto, C 12 ~C 14 Palace Sulfate, and C 12 ~C 15 Sodium, potassium, lithium, magnesium, and ammonium salts of pareth sulfate; sodium, potassium, lithium, magnesium, and ammonium salts of lauryl sulfate, coco sulfate, tridecyl sulfate, myristyl sulfate, cetyl sulfate, cetearyl sulfate, stearyl sulfate, oleyl sulfate, and sodium, potassium, lithium, magnesium, ammonium, and triethanolammonium salts of tallow sulfate, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, C 12 ~C 14 Examples include sodium olefin sulfonate, sodium laureth-6 carboxylate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, triethanolamine monolauryl phosphate, and fatty acid soaps containing sodium, potassium, ammonium, and triethanolamine salts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids containing about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms.

[0176] In one embodiment, the amino acid surfactant is selected from the N-acyl amino acids of the following formula: [ka] In the formula, R1 is a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched alkyl chain containing 7 to 17 carbon atoms, R2 is H or a methyl group, and R3 is H, COO - M + CH2COO - M + , or COOH, where n is 0 to 2, and X is COO - or SO3 -And M independently represents H, sodium, potassium, ammonium, or triethanolammonium.

[0177] In one embodiment, the N-acyl amino acid surfactant represented by the formula immediately above is derived from taurate, glutamate, alanine, alaninate, sacocinate, aspartate, glycinate, and mixtures thereof.

[0178] Typical taurate surfactants conform to the following formula: [ka] In the formula, R1 is a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched alkyl chain containing 7 to 17 carbon atoms in one embodiment and 9 to 13 carbon atoms in another embodiment, R2 is H or methyl, and M is H, sodium, potassium, ammonium, or triethanolammonium.

[0179] Non-exclusive examples of taurate surfactants include potassium cocoyl taurate, potassium cocoyl methyl taurate, sodium caproyl methyl taurate, sodium cocoyl taurate, sodium lauroyl taurate, sodium cocoyl methyl taurate, sodium lauroyl methyl taurate, sodium myristoyl methyl taurate, sodium oleoyl methyl taurate, sodium palmitoyl methyl taurate, sodium stearoyl methyl taurate, and mixtures thereof.

[0180] Typical glutamate surfactants conform to the following formula: [ka] In the formula, R1 is a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched alkyl chain containing 7 to 17 carbon atoms in one embodiment and 9 to 13 carbon atoms in another embodiment, n is 0 to 2, and M is independently H, sodium, potassium, ammonium, or triethanolammonium.

[0181] Non-exclusive examples of glutamate surfactants include dipotassium capryloyl glutamate, dipotassium undecylenoyl glutamate, disodium capryloyl glutamate, disodium cocoyl glutamate, disodium lauroyl glutamate, disodium stearoyl glutamate, disodium undecylenoyl glutamate, potassium capryloyl glutamate, potassium cocoyl glutamate, potassium lauroyl glutamate, potassium myristoyl glutamate, potassium stearoyl glutamate, potassium undecylenoyl glutamate, sodium capryloyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium myristoyl glutamate, sodium olivoyl glutamate, sodium palmitoyl glutamate, sodium stearoyl glutamate, sodium undecylenoyl glutamate, and mixtures thereof.

[0182] Typical alanine and alaninate surfactants conform to the following formula: [ka] In the formula, R1 is a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched alkyl chain containing 7 to 17 carbon atoms in one embodiment and 9 to 13 carbon atoms in another embodiment, R2 is H or methyl, and M is H, sodium, potassium, ammonium, or triethanolammonium.

[0183] Non-limiting examples of alanine and alaninate surfactants include cocoyl methyl β-alanine, lauroyl β-alanine, lauroyl methyl β-alanine, myristoyl β-alanine, lauroyl methyl β-alanine potassium, cocoyl alanine sodium, cocoyl methyl β-alanine sodium, myristoyl methyl β-alanine sodium, and mixtures thereof.

[0184] Typical glycinate surfactants conform to the following formula: [ka] In the formula, R1 is a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched alkyl chain containing 7 to 17 carbon atoms in one embodiment and 9 to 13 carbon atoms in another embodiment, and M is H, sodium, potassium, ammonium, or triethanolammonium.

[0185] Non-exclusive examples of glycinate surfactants include sodium palmitoylglycinate, sodium lauroylglycinate, sodium cocoylglycinate, sodium myristoylglycinate, potassium lauroylglycinate, potassium cocoylglycinate, sodium stearoylglycinate, and mixtures thereof.

[0186] Typical sarcosinate surfactants fit the following formula: [ka] In the formula, R1 is a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched alkyl chain containing 7 to 17 carbon atoms in one embodiment and 9 to 13 carbon atoms in another embodiment, and M is H, sodium, potassium, ammonium, or triethanolamine.

[0187] Non-exclusive examples of sarcosinate surfactants include potassium lauroyl sarcosinate, potassium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium myristoyl sarcosinate, sodium palmitoyl sarcosinate, and mixtures thereof.

[0188] Typical aspartate surfactants conform to the following formula: [ka] In the formula, R1 is a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched alkyl chain containing 7 to 17 carbon atoms in one embodiment and 9 to 13 carbon atoms in another embodiment, and M is independently H, sodium, potassium, ammonium, or triethanolammonium.

[0189] Non-limiting examples of aspartate surfactants include sodium lauroyl aspartate, sodium myristoyl aspartate, sodium cocoyl aspartate, sodium caproyl aspartate, disodium lauroyl aspartate, disodium myristoyl aspartate, disodium cocoyl aspartate, disodium caproyl aspartate, potassium lauroyl aspartate, potassium myristoyl aspartate, potassium cocoyl aspartate, potassium caproyl aspartate, dipotassium lauroyl aspartate, dipotassium myristoyl aspartate, dipotassium cocoyl aspartate, dipotassium caproyl aspartate, and mixtures thereof.

[0190] The cationic surfactants present may act as conditioning agents, assisting the heating process by ensuring that the heating device moves smoothly over the hair fibers. While surfactants may also help increase viscosity, they are not considered rheological modifiers for the purposes of illustrating the exemplary embodiments herein.

[0191] The cationic surfactant may be any cationic surfactant known or previously used in the art of aqueous surfactant compositions. A preferred class of cationic surfactants includes alkylamines, alkylimidazolines, ethoxylated amines, quaternary compounds, and quaternary esters. In addition, alkylamine oxides can function as cationic surfactants at low pH.

[0192] Alkylamine surfactants include substituted or unsubstituted primary, secondary, and tertiary aliphatic C 12 ~C 22These can be alkylamines, and in some cases salts of substances referred to as "amideamines." Examples of alkylamines and their salts include dimethylcocamine, dimethylpalmitamine, dioctylamine, dimethylstearamine, dimethylsoyamine, soyamine, myristylamine, tridecylamine, ethylstearylamine, N-taroupropanediamine, ethoxylated stearylamine, dihydroxyethylstearylamine, arachidylbehenylamine, dimethyllauramine, stearylamine hydrochloride, soyamine chloride, stearylamine formate, N-taroupropanediamine dichloride, and amodimethicone (the INCI name for a silicone polymer blocked by amino functional groups such as aminoethylaminopropylsiloxane).

[0193] Examples of amidoamines and their salts include stearamidopropyldimethylamine, stearamidopropyldimethylamine citrate, palmitamidopropyl diethylamine, and cocamidopropyldimethylamine lactate.

[0194] Examples of alkylimidazoline surfactants include alkylhydroxyethylimidazolines, such as stearylhydroxyethylimidazoline, cocohydroxyethylimidazoline, and ethylhydroxymethyloleyloxazoline.

[0195] Examples of ethoxylated amines include PEG-cocopolyamine, PEG-15 taluamine, and quaternium-52.

[0196] Among the quaternary ammonium compounds that are useful as cationic surfactants, some have the general formula (R 5 R 6 R 7 R 8 N + )E - It conforms to the formula, in which R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , and R 8This is independently selected from an aliphatic group having 1 to about 22 carbon atoms, or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamide, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl group having 1 to about 22 carbon atoms in an alkyl chain, E - These are salt-forming anions selected from halogens (e.g., chlorides, bromides), acetates, citrates, lactates, glycolates, phosphates, nitrates, sulfates, and alkyl sulfates. Aliphatic groups can contain carbon and hydrogen atoms, as well as other groups such as ether bonds, ester bonds, and amino groups. Longer aliphatic groups, for example, those with about 12 or more carbon atoms (C in alkyl chains). 10 ~C 32 The aryl group can be saturated or unsaturated. In one embodiment, the aryl group is selected from phenyl and benzyl.

[0197] Examples of quaternary ammonium surfactants include, but are not limited to, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (cetrimonium chloride), cetylpyridinium chloride, dicetyldimethylammonium chloride, dihexadecyldimethylammonium chloride, stearyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, octadecyldimethylammonium chloride, dieicosyldimethylammonium chloride, didocosyldimethylammonium chloride, dihexadecyldimethylammonium chloride, dihexadecyldimethylammonium acetate, behenyltrimethylammonium chloride (behentrimonium chloride), benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, and di(cocoalkyl)dimethylammonium chloride, ditaloudimethylammonium chloride, di(talou)dimethylammonium chloride, di(talou)dimethylammonium acetate, ditaloudimethylammonium methyl sulfate, ditaloudipropylammonium phosphate, and ditaloudimethylammonium nitrate.

[0198] At low pH, amine oxides can protonate and behave similarly to N-alkylamines. Examples include dimethyl-dodecylamine oxide, oleyldi(2-hydroxyethyl)amine oxide, dimethyltetradecylamine oxide, di(2-hydroxyethyl)-tetradecylamine oxide, dimethylhexadecylamine oxide, behenamine oxide, cocamine oxide, decyltetradecylamine oxide, and dihydroxyethyl C 12 ~C 15 Alkoxypropylamine oxide, dihydroxyethyl cocamine oxide, dihydroxyethyl lauramine oxide, dihydroxyethyl stearamine oxide, dihydroxyethyl taluamine oxide, hydrogenated palm kernel amine oxide, hydrogenated taluamine oxide, hydroxyethyl hydroxypropyl C 12 ~C 15 Examples include, but are not limited to, alkoxypropylamine oxide, lauramine oxide, myristamine oxide, cetylamine oxide, oleamidopropylamine oxide, oleamine oxide, palmitamine oxide, PEG-3 lauramine oxide, dimethyllauramine oxide, potassium trisphosphonomethylamine oxide, soyamidopropylamine oxide, cocamidopropylamine oxide, stearamine oxide, taluamine taluamine oxide, and mixtures thereof.

[0199] At low pH, amine oxides can protonate and behave similarly to N-alkylamines. Examples include dimethyl-dodecylamine oxide, oleyldi(2-hydroxyethyl)amine oxide, dimethyltetradecylamine oxide, di(2-hydroxyethyl)-tetradecylamine oxide, dimethylhexadecylamine oxide, behenamine oxide, cocamine oxide, decyltetradecylamine oxide, and dihydroxyethyl C 12 ~ 15Alkoxypropylamine oxide, dihydroxyethyl cocamine oxide, dihydroxyethyl lauramine oxide, dihydroxyethyl stearamine oxide, dihydroxyethyl taluamine oxide, hydrogenated palm kernel amine oxide, hydrogenated taluamine oxide, hydroxyethyl hydroxypropyl C 12 ~C 15 Examples include, but are not limited to, alkoxypropylamine oxide, lauramine oxide, myristamine oxide, cetylamine oxide, oleamidopropylamine oxide, oleamine oxide, palmitamine oxide, PEG-3 lauramine oxide, dimethyllauramine oxide, potassium trisphosphonomethylamine oxide, soyamidopropylamine oxide, cocamidopropylamine oxide, stearamine oxide, taluamine taluamine oxide, and mixtures thereof.

[0200] In one aspect of this technology, suitable amphoteric surfactants include, but are not limited to, alkyl betaines, e.g., lauryl betaine; alkylamide betaines, e.g., cocamidopropyl betaine and cocohexadecyldimethyl betaine; alkylamide sultaines, e.g., cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine; (mono- and di-)amphocarboxylates, e.g., sodium cocoamphoacetate, sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium capryloamphoacetate, disodium cocoamphodiaacetate, disodium lauroamphodiaacetate, disodium caprylamphodiaacetate, disodium capryloamphodiaacetate, disodium cocoamphodipropionate, disodium lauroamphodipropionate, disodium caprylamphodipropionate, and disodium capryloamphodipropionate; and mixtures thereof.

[0201] Those skilled in the art will recognize that, under pH conditions of compositions containing amphoteric surfactants, these surfactants are either electrically neutral due to a balance between positive and negative charges, or contain counterions such as alkali metals, alkaline earth elements, or ammonium ions as charge-balancing components, as described above. (i.e., betaine and sultaine are disclosed without counterions.)

[0202] The nonionic surfactant may be a nonionic surfactant known or previously used in the art of aqueous surfactant compositions. Suitable nonionic surfactants include aliphatic (C6-C6) surfactants. 18 Examples of suitable nonionic surfactants include, but are not limited to, primary or secondary linear or branched acids, alcohols, or phenols; alkyl ethoxylates; alkylphenol alkoxylates (especially ethoxylate and mixed ethoxy / propoxy portions); blocked alkylene oxide condensates of alkylphenols; alkylene oxide condensates of alkanols; and ethylene oxide / propylene oxide blocked copolymers. Other suitable nonionic surfactants include mono or dialkyl alkanolamides; alkyl polyglucosides (APG); sorbitan fatty acid esters; polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters; polyoxyethylene sorbitol esters; polyoxyethylene acids; and polyoxyethylene alcohols. Other examples of suitable nonionic surfactants include cocomonoethanolamide or cocodiethanolamide, cocoglucoside, decyl diglucoside, lauryl diglucoside, cocodiglucoside, polysorbate 20, 40, 60, and 80, ethoxylated linear alcohols, cetearyl alcohol, lanolin alcohol, stearic acid, glyceryl stearate, PEG-100 stearate, laureth-7, and oleth-20.

[0203] In another embodiment, suitable nonionic surfactants include alkoxylated methyl glucosides, such as methyl gluceth-10, methyl gluceth-20, PEG-20 methyl glucose ether, PPG-10 methyl glucose ether, and PPG-20 methyl glucose ether, all available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trade names Glucam® E10, Glucam® E20, Glucam® P10, and Glucam® P20, respectively. Hydrophobic modified alkoxylated methyl glucosides, such as PEG-120 methyl glucose dioleate, PEG-120 methyl glucose trioleate, and PEG-20 methyl glucose sesquistearate, all available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trade names Glucamate® DOE-120, Glucamate® LT, Glucamate® VLT, and Glucamate® SSE-20, respectively, are also preferred. Other exemplary hydrophobic modified alkoxylated methyl glucosides are disclosed in U.S. Patents 6,573,375 and 6,727,357.

[0204] Other surfactants that can be used in the composition are described in more detail in International Publication No. 99 / 21530, U.S. Patents No. 3,929,678, No. 4,565,647, No. 5,720,964, and No. 5,858,948. In addition, suitable surfactants are also described in McCutcheon's Emulsifiers and Detergents (North American and International Editions, by Schwartz, Perry and Berch).

[0205] The amount of surfactant used in a composition containing an exemplary thermal activator can vary widely depending on the desired application, but the amount used in most cases is generally in the range of 1% to 80% by weight based on the active substance. For example, the surfactant may be present in the composition at a total concentration of 0.001% to 20% by weight, for example, at least 0.1% by weight, based on the active substance.

[0206] Conditioning agent Conditioning agents include any materials used to provide specific conditioning benefits to the hair, scalp, and / or skin. In hair treatment compositions, suitable conditioning agents deliver one or more benefits relating to shine, flexibility, combability, antistatic properties, wet handling, damage, manageability, elasticity, and stickiness. Suitable conditioning agents for use in hair coloring compositions of this technology include relatively low molecular weight cationic compounds and cationic polymers, amphoteric polymers, silicones (e.g., silicone oils, cationic silicones, silicone gums, high refractive index silicones, and silicone resins), organic conditioning oils (e.g., hydrocarbon oils, polyolefins, natural oils, and ester oils), and combinations thereof.

[0207] Cationic compounds are nonpolymer compounds containing at least one cationic moiety or at least one moiety that can be ionized to form a cationic moiety. Typically, these cationic moieties are nitrogen-containing groups such as quaternary ammonium salts or protonated amino groups. Cationic protonated amines can be primary, secondary, or tertiary amines. In one embodiment, cationic conditioning agents include quaternary nitrogen-containing nonpolymer materials and polymer materials well known in the art of hair conditioning. In one embodiment, an auxiliary conditioning agent different from (a) is a compound of the general formula (R 75 )(R 76 )(R 77 )(R 78 )N + CA -is a dialkyl quaternary ammonium compound corresponding thereto, wherein R 75 、R 76 、R 77 、and R 78 two of which are selected from an alkyl group containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms, or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamide, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl group having up to about 30 carbon atoms regardless of the presence or absence of an ester group, R 75 、R 76 、R 77 、and R 78 [[ID=十六]]the remainder of which is independently selected from an alkyl group containing 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamide, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl group having up to about of 4 carbon atoms, CA - is a salt-forming anion such as those selected from halogen (e.g., chloride, bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfonate, sulfate, alkyl sulfate, and alkyl sulfonate (e.g., methosulfate and etosulfate) moieties. The alkyl group can contain, in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms, ether bonds and / or ester bonds, and other groups such as amino groups. Longer-chain alkyl groups, e.g., those having about 12 or more carbon atoms, can be saturated or unsaturated or branched. In one embodiment, R 75 、R 76 、R 77 、and R 78 two of which are selected from an alkyl group containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms in one embodiment, 14 to 20 carbon atoms in another embodiment, and 16 to 18 carbon atoms in a further embodiment, R 75 、R 76 、R 77 、and R 78 the remainder of which are independently selected from CH3, C2H5, C2H4OH, and mixtures thereof. R 75 、R 76 、R 77 、and R 78Any two of them can combine the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached together to form a ring structure containing 5 to 6 carbon atoms, and one of the carbon atoms can optionally be replaced by a heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. CA - is a salt-forming anion selected from halogens (e.g., chloride, bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, and alkyl sulfates (e.g., methosulfate, etosulfate).

[0208] Non-limiting examples of dialkyl quaternized ammonium compounds include dicocodimonium chloride; dicocodimonium bromide; dimyristyldimonium chloride; dimyristyldimonium bromide; didecyldimonium chloride; didecyldimonium bromide; didecylmethylbenzylmonium chloride; distearyldimonium chloride; distearyldimonium bromide; dimethyld(hydrogenated tallow)monium chloride; hydroxypropylbisstearylmonium chloride; distearylmethylbenzylmonium chloride; dibehenyl / diarachidyl dionium chloride; dibehenyl / diarachidyl dionium bromide; dibehenyldionium chloride; dibehenyldionium bromide; dibehenyldimonium methosulfate; dibehenylmethylbenzylmonium chloride; dihydrogenated tallow benzylmonium chloride; dihydrogenated tallow ethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate; dihydrogenated tallow hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate; di-C 12 ~C 15 alkyldimonium chloride; di-C 12 ~C 18 alkyldimonium chloride; di-C 14 ~C 18Examples include alkyl dionium chloride; dicocoylethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate; disoiylethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate; dipalmitoylethyl dionium chloride; dihydrogenated palmoylethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate; dihydrogenated taroamide ethyl hydroxyethylmonium chloride; dihydrogenated taroamide ethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate; dihydrogenated taroamide ethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate; distearoylethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate; and quaternium-82.

[0209] In one embodiment, the cationic compound is of the general formula: (R 80 )(R 81 )(R 82 )(R 83 )N + CA - It is an asymmetric dialkyl quaternary ammonium compound corresponding to the formula, where R 80 R is selected from alkyl groups containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms, or aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamide, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl groups containing up to approximately 22 carbon atoms. 81 R is selected from alkyl groups containing 5 to 12 carbon atoms, or aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamide, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl groups containing up to approximately 12 carbon atoms. 82 and R 83 This is independently selected from alkyl groups containing 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, or aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamide, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl groups containing up to about 4 carbon atoms, CA -These are salt-forming anions such as halogens (e.g., chlorides, bromides), acetates, citrates, lactates, glycolates, phosphates, nitrates, sulfates, and alkyl sulfates (e.g., methosulfates and ethosulfates). Alkyl groups may contain other parts in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms, such as ether bonds, ester bonds, and amino groups. Longer alkyl groups, for example, those with about 12 or more atoms, may be saturated or unsaturated and / or linear or branched. In one embodiment, R 80 R is selected from a non-functionalized alkyl group containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms in one embodiment, 14 to 20 carbon atoms in another embodiment, and 16 to 18 carbon atoms in a further embodiment. 81 In one embodiment, R is selected from non-functionalized alkyl groups containing 5 to 12 carbon atoms, in another embodiment, 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and in a further embodiment, 8 carbon atoms. 82 and R 83 These are independently selected from CH3, C2H5, C2H4OH, and mixtures thereof, CA - is selected from Cl, Br, CH3OSO3, C2H5OSO3, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, R 80 R is a linear saturated non-functionalized alkyl group, 81 R is a branched-chain saturated non-functionalized alkyl group. In one embodiment, R 81 The branched group is a linear saturated alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and in another embodiment, R 81 It is an alkyl group containing two carbon atoms.

[0210] Non-limiting examples of asymmetric dialkyl quaternary ammonium salt compounds include stearylethylhexyldionium chloride, stearylethylhexyldionium bromide, stearylethylhexyldimonium methosulfate, and cetearylethylhexyldimonium methosulfate.

[0211] A general description of numerous quaternary nitrogen-containing compounds, their manufacturers, and their chemical properties can be found in the CTFA Dictionary and the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, Vol. 1 and 2, 5th Ed (published by the Cosmetic Toiletry and Fragrance Association, Inc. (CTFA)) (1993), and these relevant disclosures are incorporated herein by reference. Names assigned to ingredients by the CTFA or by manufacturers are used for convenience.

[0212] Other non-limiting examples of quaternary ammonium compounds useful as auxiliary conditioning agents, distinct from (a), include acetamidopropyltrimonium chloride, behenamidopropylethyldimonium ethosulfate, cetylmorpholinium ethosulfate, cocoamidopropylethyldimonium ethosulfate, dicetyldimonium chloride, hydroxyethylbehenamidopropyldimonium chloride, quaternium-18, quaternium-26, quaternium-27, quaternium-53, quaternium-63, quaternium-70, quaternium-72, quaternium-76, quaternium-87, PPG-9 diethylmonium chloride, PPG-25 diethylmonium chloride, PPG-40 stearalkonium chloride, isostearamidopropyl ethyldionium ethosulfate, and mixtures thereof.

[0213] In one embodiment, a different auxiliary conditioning agent from (a) is a quaternary nitrogen-containing ether-substituted ethoxylated alkyl glucoside compound represented by the following formula: [ka] In the formula, R 86 R represents C1-C5 alkyl, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, 87 , R 88 , R 89 , and R 90 Hydrogen; C1~C22 Alkyl group; C2~C 22 Alkenyl group; -C(O)R 95 An acyl substituent represented by the formula, where R 95 However, C5~C 21 Alkyl or C5~C 21 R represents an acyl substituent selected from alkenyls, where R is the sulfate of the formula. 87 , R 88 , R 89 , and R 90 At least one of these represents a quaternary nitrogen portion represented by the following formula: [ka] In the formula, R 91 R is a C1-C5 alkylene, for example, methylene, ethylene, propylene, or a C1-C5 hydroxysubstituted alkylene, for example, hydroxymethylene, hydroxyethylene, hydroxypropylene, 92 , R 93 , and R 94 These are, independently, C1~C 22 Alkyl compounds, e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, decyl, dodecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, behenyl; C6-C 10 Aryl, for example, represents phenyl, tolyl, benzyl, X - These are salt-forming anions such as halogens (e.g., chlorides, bromides), acetates, citrates, lactates, glycolates, phosphates, nitrates, sulfates, and alkyl sulfates (e.g., methosulfates and ethosulfates), where the sum of s+t+u+v is in the range of about 1 to about 200, or about 5 to about 100, or about 8 to about 50, or about 10 to about 25.

[0214] In one embodiment, R 86 is a methyl group, R 87 ~R 90 At least one of the substituents is a quaternary nitrogen-containing moiety, and the remaining R is not substituted with a quaternary nitrogen moiety. 87 ~R 90 The substituent is selected from hydrogen, R91 It is a hydroxyalkylene, and R 92 ~R 94 Two of them represent methyl, and R is not methyl. 92 ~R 94 The remaining substituents are C 10 ~C 22 Alkyl or C 10 ~C 22 Selected from alkenyl groups.

[0215] The quaternary nitrogen-containing ether-substituted ethoxylated alkyl glucoside compound shown in the structure immediately above is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,138,043, which is incorporated herein by reference. In one embodiment, a preferred quaternary nitrogen-containing ether-substituted ethoxylated alkyl glucoside compound is laurylmethylgluceth-10 hydroxypropyldimonium chloride, which is commercially available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trade name Gluquat® 125.

[0216] Cationic polymers are also useful as conditioning agents, either alone or in combination with other conditioning agents described herein. Suitable cationic polymers can be synthetically derived, or natural polymers can be synthetically modified to contain a cationic moiety. Polymers containing quaternary ammonium partial salts can be prepared by polymerization of diallylamines or copolymers thereof, such as dialkyldiallylammonium salts, where the alkyl group contains 1 to about 22 carbon atoms in one embodiment, and methyl or ethyl in another embodiment. Copolymers containing a quaternary moiety derived from dialkyldiallylammonium salts and anionic components derived from anionic monomers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid are suitable conditioning agents. Also suitable are polyamphoteric electrolyte polymers having a cationic component prepared from a derivative of a diallylamine such as dimethyldiallylammonium salt, an anionic component derived from an anionic monomer of acrylic acid or 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and a nonionic component derived from a nonionic monomer of acrylamide. Preparations of such quaternary ammonium salt-partially-containing polymers can be found, for example, in U.S. Patents No. 3,288,770, No. 3,412,019, No. 4,772,462, and No. 5,275,809, the relevant disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0217] Non-limiting examples of such polymers are listed and can be used in the CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary / Handbook, CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, Ninth Ed., Cosmetic and Fragrance Assn., Inc., Washington DC (2002) (incorporated herein by reference), via the CTFA website.

[0218] In one embodiment, suitable cationic polymers include chloride salts of the aforementioned quaternized homopolymers and copolymers in which the alkyl group is methyl or ethyl, which are commercially available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trademark Merquat® series.

[0219] Homopolymers prepared from diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DADMAC) having the CTFA name polyquaternium-6 are available under the trademarks Merquat 100 and Merquat 106. Copolymers prepared from DADMAC and acrylamide having the CTFA name polyquaternium-7 are marketed under the trademark Merquat 550. Another copolymer prepared from DADMAC and acrylic acid having the CTFA name polyquaternium-22 is marketed under the trademark Merquat 280. The preparation of polyquaternium-22 and its related polymers is described in U.S. Patent No. 4,772,462, which related disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.

[0220] Amphoteric terpolymers prepared from nonionic components derived from acrylamide or methyl acrylate, cationic components derived from DADMAC or methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC), and anionic components derived from acrylic acid or 2-acrylamidopropyl-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid or a combination of acrylic acid and 2-acrylamidopropyl-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid are also useful. An amphoteric terpolymer prepared from acrylic acid, DADMAC, and acrylamide, having the CTFA name Polyquaternium-39, is available under the trademark Merquat Plus 3330. Another amphoteric terpolymer prepared from acrylic acid, methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC), and methyl acrylate, having the CTFA name Polyquaternium-47, is available under the trademark Merquat 2001. Yet another amphoteric terpolymer having the CTFA name Polyquaternium-53, prepared from acrylic acid, MAPTAC, and acrylamide, is available under the trademark Merquat 2003PR. The preparation of such a terpolymer is described in U.S. Patent No. 5,275,809, which related disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.

[0221] Other cationic polymers and copolymers suitable as conditioners in the hair coloring compositions of the technology disclosed herein include CTFA names Polyquaternium-4, Polyquaternium-11, Polyquaternium-16, Polyquaternium-22, Polyquaternium-28, Polyquaternium-29, Polyquaternium-30, Polyquaternium-32, Polyquaternium-33, Polyquaternium-35, Polyquaternium-36, Polyquaternium-37, Polyquaternium-44, Polyquaternium-46, Polyquaternium-47, Polyquaternium-52, Polyquaternium-53, Polyquaternium-55, It contains polyquaternium-59, polyquaternium-61, polyquaternium-64, polyquaternium-65, polyquaternium-67, polyquaternium-69, polyquaternium-70, polyquaternium-71, polyquaternium-72, polyquaternium-73, polyquaternium-74, polyquaternium-76, polyquaternium-77, polyquaternium-78, polyquaternium-79, polyquaternium-80, polyquaternium-81, polyquaternium-82, polyquaternium-84, polyquaternium-85, polyquaternium-87, and PEG-2-cocomonium chloride.

[0222] Examples of cationically modified natural polymers suitable for use in hair coloring compositions include cationically modified polysaccharide polymers such as cationically modified cellulose, and cationically modified starch derivatives modified with quaternary ammonium halide moieties. An example of cationically modified cellulose polymer is a salt of hydroxyethylcellulose reacted with trimethylammonium substituted epoxide (CTFA, polyquaternium-10). Another suitable type of cationically modified cellulose is a polymeric quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethylcellulose reacted with lauryldimethylammonium substituted epoxide (CTFA, polyquaternium-24). Cationically modified potato starch having CTFA starch hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride is available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trademark Sensore® CI-50.

[0223] Other suitable cationic modified natural polymers include cationic polygalactomannan derivatives such as guar gum derivatives and cassia gum derivatives, for example, CTFA: guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, hydroxypropyl guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, and cassia hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. Guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride is commercially available from Ashland Inc. under the trade names Jaguar® and N-Hance. Cassia hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride is commercially available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trademarks Sensore® CT-250 and Sensore® CT-400.

[0224] In one embodiment, the polymer cationic amphoteric polymer may be present in an amount of about 0.05 to about 5% by weight, or about 0.1 to about 3% by weight, or about 0.5 to about 2.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0225] silicone Silicone conditioning agents may include volatile silicones, non-volatile silicones, and mixtures thereof. Where volatile silicones are present, they are typically used as solvents or carriers for commercially available forms of non-volatile silicone fluid conditioning agents, such as oils and gums and resins. Volatile silicone fluids are often included in conditioning packages to improve the effectiveness of silicone fluid deposition or to enhance the shine, luster, or gloss of hair. Volatile silicone materials are frequently included in formulations to improve sensory attributes (e.g., feel) related to hair, scalp, and skin.

[0226] In one embodiment, the silicone conditioning agent is non-volatile and comprises silicone oils, gums, resins, and mixtures thereof. Non-volatility means that the silicone has a very low vapor pressure at ambient temperature conditions (e.g., less than 2 mmHg at 20°C). The non-volatile silicone conditioning agent has a boiling point greater than about 250°C in one embodiment, greater than about 260°C in another embodiment, and greater than about 275°C in yet another embodiment. Background information on silicones, including sections discussing silicone oils, gums, and resins, and their manufacture, can be found in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, vol. 15, 2d ed., pp. 204-308, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1989).

[0227] Silicone oil In one embodiment, the silicone conditioning agent is a silicone oil selected from polyorganosiloxane materials. In one embodiment, the polyorganosiloxane material can be selected from polyalkylsiloxanes, polyarylsiloxanes, polyalkylarylsiloxanes, hydroxyl-terminated polyalkylsiloxanes, polyarylalkylsiloxanes, amino-functional polyalkylsiloxanes, quaternary-functional polyalkylsiloxanes, and mixtures thereof.

[0228] In one embodiment, the silicone oil conditioning agent comprises a polyorganosiloxane represented by the following formula: [ka] In the formula, B independently represents hydroxy, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and phenoxy, and R 40 These are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, methylphenyl, phenylmethyl, primary, secondary, or tertiary amines. -R 41 -N(R 42 )CH2CH2N(R 42 )2; -R 41 -N(R42 )2; -R 41 -N + (R 42 )3CA - and -R 41 -N(R 42 )CH2CH2N + (R 42 ) H2CA - This represents a quaternary group selected from a group selected from a group, In the formula, R 41 R is a linear or branched hydroxyl-substituted or unsubstituted alkylene or alkylene ether moiety containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms, 42 is hydrogen, C1~C 20 It is alkyl (e.g., methyl), phenyl, or benzyl, and q is an integer in the range of approximately 2 to approximately 8, CA - x is a halide ion selected from chlorine, bromine, iodine, and fluorine, and x is an integer in the range of about 7 to about 8000, or about 50 to about 5000, or about 100 to about 3000, or about 200 to about 1000.

[0229] In one embodiment, an amino-functional polyalkylsiloxane can be represented by the following formula: [ka] In the formula, B independently represents hydroxy, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and phenoxy, and R 40 teeth, -R 41 -N(R 42 )CH2CH2N(R 42 )2; -R 41 -N(R 42 )2; -R 41 -N + (R 42 )3CA - and -R 41 -N(R 42 )CH2CH2N + (R 42) H2CA - Selected from, In the formula, R 41 R is a linear or branched hydroxyl-substituted or unsubstituted alkylene or alkylene ether moiety containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms, 42 is hydrogen, C1~C 20 Alkyl (e.g., methyl), phenyl, or benzyl, CA - is a halide ion selected from chlorine, bromine, iodine, and fluorine, where the sum of m+n is in the range of about 7 to about 1000, or about 50 to about 250, or about 100 to about 200, but m or n is not 0. In one embodiment, B is hydroxyl, and R 40 is -(CH2)3NH(CH2)3NH2. In another embodiment, B is methyl and R 40 is -(CH2)3NH(CH2)3NH2. In yet another embodiment, B is methyl and R 40 is -(CH2)3OCH2CH(OH)CH2N + (R 42 )3CA - This is the quaternary ammonium part represented by the formula, where R 42 and CA - This is as defined above.

[0230] Silicone oil conditioning agents can have viscosities in the range of approximately 25 to 1,000,000 mPa·s, or approximately 100 to 600,000 mPa·s, or approximately 1,000 to 100,000 mPa·s, or approximately 2,000 to 50,000 mPa·s, or approximately 4,000 to 40,000 mPa·s at 25°C. Viscosity is measured using a glass capillary viscometer as described in Dow Corning Corporate Test Method CTM004 dated July 20, 1970. In one embodiment, the silicone oil has an average molecular weight of less than approximately 200,000 daltons. The average molecular weight may range from approximately 400 to 199,000, or from approximately 500 to 150,000 Daltons, or from approximately 1,000 to 100,000 Daltons, or from approximately 5,000 to 65,000 Daltons.

[0231] Examples of silicone oil conditioning agents include, but are not limited to, polydimethylsiloxane (dimethicone), polydiethylsiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane having terminal hydroxyl groups (dimethiconol), polymethylphenylsiloxane, phenylmethylsiloxane, amino-functional polydimethylsiloxane (amodimethicone), and mixtures thereof.

[0232] Silicone gum Another silicone conditioning agent useful in the disclosed technology is silicone gum. Silicone gum is a polyorganosiloxane material having the same general structure as the silicone oil described above, where B independently represents hydroxy, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and phenoxy, and R 40 These independently represent methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, methylphenyl, phenylmethyl, and vinyl. The silicone gum has a viscosity greater than 1,000,000 mPa·s measured at 25°C. Viscosity can be measured using a glass capillary viscometer, as described above for silicone oil. In one embodiment, the silicone gum has an average molecular weight of about 200,000 daltons or more. Molecular weight can typically range from about 200,000 to about 1,000,000 daltons. It is recognized that the silicone gum described herein may also overlap somewhat with the silicone oil described above. This overlap is not intended as a limitation on either of these materials.

[0233] Suitable silicone gums for use as silicone components in the hair coloring compositions of the technology disclosed herein are optionally terminal polydimethylsiloxanes (dimethicone), such as hydroxyl (dimethiconol), polymethylvinylsiloxane, polydiphenylsiloxane, and mixtures thereof.

[0234] Silicone resin Silicone resins may be included as suitable silicone conditioning agents for use in compositions of the art of this disclosure. These resins are crosslinked polysiloxanes. Crosslinking is introduced during the production of silicone resins by incorporating monofunctional and / or difunctional silanes into trifunctional and tetrafunctional silanes. As is well understood in the art, the degree of crosslinking required to produce a silicone resin varies depending on the specific silane units incorporated into the silicone resin. Generally, silicone materials having a sufficient level of trifunctional and tetrafunctional siloxane monomer units (and therefore a sufficient level of crosslinking) such that they form a firm or rigid film are considered silicone resins. The ratio of oxygen atoms to silicon atoms indicates the level of crosslinking of a particular silicone material. Silicone materials having at least about 1.1 oxygen atoms per silicon atom are generally silicone resins as used herein. In one embodiment, the oxygen atom:silicon atom ratio is at least about 1.2:1.0. Silanes used in the manufacture of silicone resins include monomethyl-, dimethyl-, trimethyl-, monophenyl-, diphenyl-, methylphenyl-, monovinyl-, and methylvinyl-chlorosilanes, as well as tetrachlorosilanes, with methyl-substituted silanes being the most commonly used.

[0235] Silicone materials and silicone resins can be identified according to the abbreviated nomenclature known to those skilled in the art, known as the “MDTQ” nomenclature. In this nomenclature system, silicones are described according to the presence of various siloxane monomer units that constitute the silicone. The “MDTQ” nomenclature is described in the publication “Silicones: Preparation, Properties and Performance,” Dow Corning Corporation, 2005, and U.S. Patent No. 6,200,554.

[0236] Silicone materials and silicone resins can be identified according to the abbreviated nomenclature known to those skilled in the art, known as the “MDTQ” nomenclature. In this nomenclature system, silicones are described according to the presence of various siloxane monomer units that constitute the silicone. The “MDTQ” nomenclature is described in the publication “Silicones: Preparation, Properties and Performance,” Dow Corning Corporation, 2005, and U.S. Patent No. 6,200,554.

[0237] Volatile silicones The optional volatile silicones referenced above include linear polydimethylsiloxanes and cyclic polydimethylsiloxanes (cyclomethicones), as well as mixtures thereof. Volatile linear polydimethylsiloxanes (dimethicones) typically contain about 2 to about 9 silicon atoms alternating with oxygen atoms in a linear arrangement. Each silicon atom is also substituted with two alkyl groups, such as methyl groups (the terminal silicon atoms are substituted with three alkyl groups). Cyclomethicones typically contain about 3 to about 7 dimethyl-substituted silicon atoms in one embodiment and about 3 to about 5 dimethyl-substituted silicon atoms in another embodiment, alternating with oxygen atoms in a cyclic ring structure. The term "volatile" means that the silicone has a measurable vapor pressure, or a vapor pressure of at least 2 mmHg at 20°C. Volatile silicones have viscosities of 25 mPa·s or less at 25°C, or approximately 0.65 to 10 mPa·s, or approximately 1 to 5 mPa·s, or approximately 1.5 to 3.5 mPa·s. Descriptions of linear and cyclic volatile silicones can be found in Todd and Byers, "Volatile Silicone Fluids for Cosmetics," Cosmetics and Toiletries, Vol. 91(1), pp. 27-32 (1976), and Kasprzak, "Volatile Silicones," Soap / Cosmetics / Chemical Specialties, pp. 40-43 (December 1986).

[0238] Examples of exemplary volatile linear dimethicones include, but are not limited to, hexamethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane, dodecamethylpentasiloxane, and blends thereof. Volatile linear dimethicones and dimethicone blends are commercially available from Dow Corning Corporation as Dow Corning 200® Fluid (e.g., product names 0.65 CST, 1 CST, 1.5 CST, and 2 CST) and Dow Corning® 2-1184 Fluid.

[0239] Exemplary volatile cyclomethicones include D4 cyclomethicone (octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane), D5 cyclomethicone (decamethylcyclopentasiloxane), D6 cyclomethicone, and their blends (e.g., D4 / D5 and D5 / D6). Volatile cyclomethicones and cyclomethicone blends are commercially available from Momentive Performance Materials Inc. as SF1173, SF1202, SF1256, and SF1258 silicone fluids, and from Dow Corning Corporation as Dow Corning® 244, 245, 246, 345, and 1401 silicone fluids. Blends of volatile cyclomethicones with volatile linear dimethicones are also available.

[0240] Dimethicone copolyol Other suitable silicone oils include dimethicone copolyols, which are linear or branched copolymers of dimethylsiloxane (dimethicone) modified with alkylene oxide units. The alkylene oxide units can be arranged as random or block copolymers. A generally useful class of dimethicone polyols is a block copolymer having terminal and / or pendant blocks of polydimethylsiloxane and blocks of polyalkylene oxide, e.g., polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, or both. The polyalkylene oxide terminal hydroxyl groups can be esterified with C10-C22 fatty acids. An example of an esterified dimethicone copolyol is dimethicone PEG-7 isostearate, commercially available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trade name Silsence DW18. Dimethicone copolyols can be soluble or insoluble depending on the amount of polyalkylene oxide present in the dimethicone polymer, and can have anionic, cationic, or nonionic properties.

[0241] In one embodiment, the amount of silicone conditioner in the composition of the Technology should be sufficient to provide the hair with the desired conditioning performance, and is generally in the range of about 0.01 to about 20% by weight, or about 0.05 to about 15% by weight, or about 0.1% to about 10% by weight, or about 1 to about 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0242] hydrocarbon oil The conditioning components of the compositions of the technology of this disclosure may also contain hydrocarbon oil conditioners. Suitable hydrocarbon oils for use as conditioning agents in the compositions of the technology of this disclosure include, but are not limited to, hydrocarbon oils having at least about 10 carbon atoms, such as cyclic hydrocarbons, linear aliphatic hydrocarbons (saturated or unsaturated), and branched aliphatic hydrocarbons (saturated or unsaturated) (including polymers and mixtures thereof). Linear hydrocarbon oils typically contain about 12 to 19 carbon atoms. Branched hydrocarbon oils containing hydrocarbon polymers typically contain more than 19 carbon atoms.

[0243] Non-specific examples of these hydrocarbon oils include paraffin oil, mineral oil, saturated and unsaturated dodecane, saturated and unsaturated tridecane, saturated and unsaturated tetradecane, saturated and unsaturated pentadecane, saturated and unsaturated hexadecane, polybutene, polydecene, and mixtures thereof. Branched-chain isomers of these compounds and hydrocarbons with longer chain lengths can also be used, examples of which include highly branched saturated or unsaturated alkanes, e.g., permethyl-substituted isomers, e.g., permethyl-substituted isomers of hexadecane and eicosane, e.g., 2,2,4,4,6,6,8,8-dimethyl-10-methylundecane and 2,2,4,4,6,6-dimethyl-8-methylnonane (available from Permethyl Corporation). Hydrocarbon polymers such as polybutene and polydecene. Preferred hydrocarbon polymers are polybutenes, such as copolymers of isobutylene and butene. A commercially available material of this type is L-14 polybutene from BP Chemical Company.

[0244] Liquid polyolefin conditioning oils can be used in the hair coloring compositions of this technology. Liquid polyolefin conditioning agents are typically hydrogenated poly-α-olefins. For use herein, the polyolefins are those with approximately C4. 14These can be prepared by polymerization of olefinic monomers. Non-limiting examples of olefinic monomers for use in the preparation of polyolefin liquids herein include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, branched-chain isomers, such as 4-methyl-1-pentene, and mixtures thereof. In one aspect of the art of this disclosure, hydrogenated α-olefin monomers include, but are not limited to, 1-hexene to 1-hexadecene, 1-octene to 1-tetradecene, and mixtures thereof.

[0245] Fluorinated or perfluorinated oils are also intended within the scope of this technology. Examples of fluorinated oils include perfluoropolyethers described in European Patent No. 0486135 and fluorohydrocarbon compounds described in International Publication No. 93 / 11103. Fluorinated oils may also be fluorinated hydrocarbons such as fluoroamines, fluorocarbons such as perfluorotributylamine, perfluorodecahydronaphthalene, fluoroesters, and fluoroethers.

[0246] natural oil Natural oil conditioners are also useful in carrying out the techniques of this disclosure and include, but are not limited to, peanut, sesame, avocado, coconut, calendula, cocoa butter, shea butter, almond, safflower, corn, cottonseed, sesame seeds, walnut, castor, mango, olive, jojoba, coconut, palm kernel, soybean, wheat germ, flaxseed, sunflower seeds, grape seeds, eucalyptus, lavender, vetiver, litsea, litsea cubeba, lemon, sandalwood, rosemary, chamomile, savory, nutmeg, cinnamon, hyssop, caraway, orange, geranium, cadet, and bergamot, musk rose oil, fish oil, candelilla wax, carnauba wax, glycerol tricaprocaprylate, and mixtures thereof.

[0247] Ester oil Examples of ester oil conditioners include, but are not limited to, fatty esters having at least 10 carbon atoms. These fatty esters include esters derived from fatty acids or alcohols (e.g., monoesters, polyhydric alcohol esters, and dicarboxylic and tricarboxylic acid esters). The fatty esters herein may contain or have other compatible functional groups covalently bonded thereto, such as amide and alkoxy moieties (e.g., ethoxy or ether bonds).

[0248] Exemplary fatty esters include, but are not limited to, isopropyl isostearate, hexyl laurate, isohexyl laurate, isohexyl palmitate, isopropyl palmitate, decyl oleate, isodecyl oleate, hexadecyl stearate, decyl stearate, isopropyl isostearate, dihexyldecyl adipate, lauryl lactate, myristyl lactate, cetyl lactate, oleyl stearate, oleyl oleate, oleyl myristate, lauryl acetate, cetyl propionate, and oleyl adipate. Other fatty esters suitable for use in compositions of the technology of this disclosure include those of general formula R 60 C(O)OR 61 It is a monocarboxylic acid ester of, where R 60 and R 61 R is an alkyl or alkenyl radical, 60 and R 61 The sum of carbon atoms in is at least 10 in one aspect of the art of this disclosure and at least 22 in another aspect.

[0249] Further fatty esters suitable for use in compositions of the technology disclosed herein include dialkyl and trialkyl esters of carboxylic acids and alkenyl esters, for example, esters of C4-C8 dicarboxylic acids (e.g., succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid C1-C8 22The esters are preferably C1-C6 esters. Non-limiting specific examples of dialkyl and trialkyl and alkenyl esters of carboxylic acids include isocetyl stearoyl stearate, diisopropyl adipate, and tristearyl citrate. Other fatty esters suitable for use in compositions of the art of this disclosure are those known as polyhydric alcohol esters. Examples of such polyhydric alcohol esters include alkylene glycol esters, such as ethylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, diethylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, propylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polypropylene glycol monooleate, polypropylene glycol 2000 monostearate, ethoxylated propylene glycol monostearate, glyceryl mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyglycerol poly-fatty acid esters, ethoxylated glyceryl monostearate, 1,3-butylene glycol monostearate, 1,3-butylene glycol distearate, polyoxyethylene polyol fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters.

[0250] A non-limiting specific example of a suitable synthetic fatty ester is P-43 (C8-C of trimethylolpropane). 10 Tryester), MCP-684 (3,3-diethanol-1,5-pentadiol tetraester), MCP 121 (C8-C adipic acid) 10 Examples include diesters, all of which are available from ExxonMobil Chemical Company.

[0251] The amounts of hydrocarbons, natural conditioning oils, and ester oil conditioning agents may range from about 0.05 to about 10% by weight in one embodiment, about 0.5 to about 5% by weight in another embodiment, and about 1 to about 3% by weight in yet another embodiment, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0252] Other oily material conditioning agents useful in combination with the polymers of the technology of this disclosure include, for example, acetylated lanolin alcohol; lanolin alcohol concentrate; lanolin fatty acid esters such as isopropyl esters of lanolin fatty acids; polyol fatty acids; ethoxylates and ethoxylated alcohols such as castor oil; sterols; sterol esters; and sterol ethoxylates.

[0253] Preservatives In one embodiment, any preservative suitable for personal care use can be used in a composition for modifying hair. Suitable preservatives include polymethoxy bicyclic oxazolidine, methylparaben, propylparaben, ethylparaben, butylparaben, benzyltriazole, DMDM ​​hydantoin (also known as 1,3-dimethyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin), imidazolidinyl urea, phenoxyethanol, phenoxyethylparaben, methylisothiazolinone, methylchloroisothiazolinone, benzoisothiazolinone, triclosan, and the preferred polyquaternium compounds disclosed above (e.g., polyquaternium-1).

[0254] In another embodiment, acid-based preservatives are useful in exemplary compositions. The use of acid-based preservatives facilitates the formulation of products in a low pH range. Lowering the pH of a formulation inherently provides an environment unsuitable for microbial growth, in addition to being suitable for the modification process. Furthermore, formulation at a low pH enhances the effectiveness of the acid-based preservative, resulting in personal care products that maintain the skin's acid-pH balance. Any acid-based preservative useful for personal care products can be used in exemplary compositions. In one embodiment, the acid preservative is of formula R 3 A carboxylic acid compound represented by C(O)OH, where R 3 This refers to hydrogen, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbyl groups containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or C6-C6 10 It represents an arrow. In another aspect, R 3The group is selected from hydrogen, a C1-C8 alkyl group, a C2-C8 alkenyl group, or phenyl. Exemplary acids include, but are not limited to, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, sorbic acid, caprylic acid, and benzoic acid, as well as mixtures thereof.

[0255] In another embodiment, suitable acids include, but are not limited to, oxalic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, fumaric acid, lactic acid, glyceric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, salicylic acid, phthalic acid, mandelic acid, benzoic acid, benzyl acid, and mixtures thereof.

[0256] The salts of the aforementioned acids are useful insofar as they retain their effectiveness at low pH values. Suitable salts include alkali metal salts (e.g., sodium, potassium, calcium) and ammonium salts of the acids listed above.

[0257] Acid-based preservatives and / or salts thereof can be used alone or in combination with non-acidic preservatives typically used in personal care, home care, healthcare, and institutional and industrial care products.

[0258] In one embodiment, the preservative may consist of 0.01% to 3.0% by weight, or 0.1% to 1% by weight, or 0.3% to 1% by weight, of the total weight of the hair modification composition. Chelating agents

[0259] Chelating agents can be used to stabilize the composition against the harmful effects of metal ions. When used, suitable chelating agents include tetrasodium EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) and its salts, such as disodium EDTA, citric acid and its salts, cyclodextrin, pentasodium pentetate, and mixtures thereof.

[0260] Such suitable chelating agents may be present in amounts of 0.001% to 3% by weight of the total weight of the hair modification composition, for example, 0.01% to 2% by weight, or 0.01% to 1% by weight.

[0261] Auxiliary antioxidant Examples of antioxidants include, but are not limited to, water-soluble antioxidants such as sulfhydryl compounds and their derivatives (e.g., sodium metabisulfite and N-acetylcysteine, glutathione), lipoic acid and dihydrolipoic acid, stilbenoids such as resveratrol and its derivatives, lactoferrin, and ascorbic acid and ascorbic acid derivatives (e.g., sodium isoascorbate, ascorbyl-2-glucoside, ascorbyl palmitate, and ascorbyl polypeptide). Suitable oil-soluble antioxidants for use in compositions of the technology of this disclosure include, but are not limited to, butylated hydroxytoluene, retinoids (e.g., retinyl palmitate and retinyl), tocopherols (e.g., tocopherol acetate), tocotrienols, and ubiquinones. Suitable natural extract-containing antioxidants for use in compositions of the technology disclosed herein include, but are not limited to, extracts containing flavonoids and isoflavonoids and their derivatives (e.g., genistein and daidzein), and extracts containing resveratrol. Examples of such natural extracts include grape seed, green tea, pine bark, feverfew, feverfew without parthenolide, oat extract, pomelo extract, wheat germ extract, hesperidin, grape extract, portulaca extract, lycochalcone, chalcone, 2,2'-dihydroxychalcone, primrose extract, and propolis.

[0262] Additional antioxidants include butylhydroxytoluene (butylhydroxytoluene, BHT), butylhydroxyanisole (butylhydroxyanisole, BHA), tert-butylhydroquinone (tert-butylhydroquinone, TBHQ), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, gallic acid esters such as propyl gallate, probucol, polyphenols, ascorbic acid and its salts, enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase; citric acid, citrate, monoglyceride esters, calcium metabisulfate, lactic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, vitamin A or β-carotene, vitamins E and C, tocopherol, e.g., vitamin E acetate, ascorbic acid Steryl, e.g., ascorbyl palmitate and ascorbyl acetate; zinc, copper, mannitol, reduced glutathione, carotenoids, e.g., cryptoxanthin, astaxanthin, and lycopene; cysteine, uric acid, carnitine, taurine, tyrosine, lutein, zeaxanthin, N-acetylcysteine, carnosine, γ-glutamylcysteine, quercetin, lactoferrin, dihydrolipoic acid, tea catechin, retinyl palmitate and its derivatives; bicarbonate, metabisulfite, and sodium sulfite; chroman, chromene and its analogues; lipochroman-6 [INCI: dimethylmethoxychromanol]; metal chelating agents such as EDTA; sorbitol; phosphoric acid; or dGlyage (trademark) [INCI: lysine HCl, lecithin, tripeptide-9 citrulline]; Ginkgo Plant extracts such as Biloba extract, sage, pomegranate, rosemary, oregano, ginger, marjoram, cranberry, grape, tomato, green tea leaves, or black tea; oleoresin extract, plant extracts containing phenols such as vanillin, ellagic acid, and resveratrol; tertiary butylhydroquinone or mixtures thereof, divalent metal salts such as selenium, cadmium, vanadium, or zinc; and alpha-lipoic acid, coenzyme Q, idebenone, or derivatives thereof may be selected.

[0263] In one embodiment, the amount of antioxidant present is in the range of approximately 0.001 to 30% by weight, or 0.01 to 3% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.

[0264] spray If necessary, any known aerosol spray can be used to deliver the hair-modifying composition to the surface of the hair to be straightened. Exemplary sprays include low-boiling hydrocarbons such as C3-C6 straight-chain and branched-chain hydrocarbons. Exemplary carbonized water sprays include propane, butane, isobutene, and mixtures thereof. Other suitable sprays include ethers such as dimethyl ether, hydrofluorocarbons such as 1,1-difluoroethane, and compressed gases such as air and carbon dioxide.

[0265] In one embodiment, these compositions may contain 0.1% to 60% by weight, or 0.5% to 35% by weight, of the spray agent based on the total weight of the composition.

[0266] Fragrances and perfumes Examples of fragrances and perfume components that may be used in exemplary compositions include natural and synthetic fragrances, perfumes, scents, and essences, as well as any other substances that release fragrances. Natural fragrances include those of plant origin, such as flowers (e.g., lily, lavender, rose, jasmine, neroli, ylang-ylang), stems and leaves (geranium, patchouli, petitgrain, peppermint), fruits (aniseed, coriander, fennel, juniper), peels (bergamot, lemon, orange), roots (mayce, angelica, celery, cardamom, costus, iris, calamus), and woods (pine, sandalwood, yew). Oil extracts from cedar, rosewood, cinnamon, herbs and grasses (tarragon, lemongrass, sage, thyme), conifers and twigs (spruce, pine, Scots pine, stone pine), as well as resins and balsams (galbanum, elemi, benzoin, myrrh, frankincense, opoponax), animal-derived substances such as musk deer, civet, castoreum, ambergris, and mixtures thereof.

[0267] Examples of synthetic fragrances and perfumes include aromatic esters, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, and hydrocarbons, such as benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, dimethylbenzylcarbyl acetate, phenylethyl acetate, linalyl benzoate, benzyl formate, ethylmethylphenylglycinate, allylcyclohexylpropionate, styrarylpropionate, and benzyl salicylate; benzyl ethyl ether; 8-18 This includes linear alcanals having carbon atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyloxyaldehyde, cyclamenaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, lilial, and bougenal; ionone compounds, α-isomethylionone, and methylcedyl ketone; anethole, citronellol, eugenol, isoeugenol, geraniol, lavandulol, nerolidol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol, and terpineol, α-pinene, terpenes (e.g., limonene), and balsam, as well as mixtures thereof.

[0268] Botanical Suitable botanical agents useful in this specification include, for example, echinacea (e.g., sp. angustifolia, purpurea, pallida), yucca glauca, willow bark, basil leaves, hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower extract, hibiscus Extracts from sabdariffa flower, Turkish oregano, carrot root, grapefruit, fennel seeds, rosemary, turmeric, thyme, blueberries, bell peppers, blackberries, spirulina, blackcurrants, tea leaves, e.g., Chinese tea, black tea (e.g., Flowery Orange Pekoe, Golden Flowery Orange Pekoe, Fine Tippy Golden Flowery Orange Pekoe variety), green tea (e.g., Japanese tea, Green Darjeeling variety), oolong tea, coffee seeds, dandelion root, date palm fruit, ginkgo leaves, green tea, hawthorn fruit, licorice, sage, strawberry, sweet pea, tomato, vanilla fruit, comfrey, arnica, centella asiatica, cornflower, horse chestnut, ivy, magnolia, oats, pansies, scutellaria, sea buckthorn, white nettle, and witch hazel may be used. Examples of botanical extracts include chlorogenic acid, glutathione, glycyrrhizin, neohesperidin, quercetin, rutin, morin, myricetin, absinthe, and chamomile.

[0269] Hair fixing agent / film forming agent A hair fixing agent containing a polymer fixative, such as a 2-ethyl-4,5-dihydroxazole homopolymer of silicone and siloxane, or a 3-aminopropylmethyl-dimethyl reaction product of ethyl sulfate, such as polysilicone-9, may be included in the hair attachment composition.

[0270] Other commercially available hair-fixing polymers / film-forming polymers can be used, such as nonionic, cationic, and amphoteric hair-curing polymers, cationic conditioning polymers, and combinations thereof. Conventional polymer hair-fixing and hair-styling polymers well known in the art include natural rubber and resins, as well as neutral or anionic polymers of synthetic origin. A list of commercially available hair-fixing and conditioning polymers can be readily found in the INCI dictionary, supplier websites, and trade literature. For example, see the Encyclopedia of Polymers (Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, IL), published in Cosmetics & Toiletries®, 117(12), December 2002 (relevant disclosures are incorporated herein by reference).

[0271] Suitable commercially available nonionic polymers (i.e., neutral) used as hair styling polymers or fixing polymers include, but are not limited to, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyvinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acetate copolymer (PPVP / VA). Commercially available cationic immobilized polymers include polymers with the INCI name polyquaternium, such as polyquaternium-4; diallyl dionium chloride / hydroxyethyl cellulose copolymer (e.g., Nouryon's CELQUAT® H-100); polyquaternium-11, quaternized vinylpyrrolidone / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer (e.g., ISP's GAFQUAT® 734, 755, 755N); polyquaternium-16, quaternized vinylpyrrolidone / vinylimidazolium chloride copolymer (e.g., BASF's LUVIQUAT® FC-370); polyquaternium-28, vinylpyrrolidone / methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride copolymer (e.g., ISP's GAFQUAT® HS-100); and polyquaternium-46, quaternized vinylcaprolactam / vinylpyrrolidone / methyl Examples include, but are not limited to, vinylimidazolium methosulfate copolymer; polyquaternium-55, quaternized vinylpyrrolidone / dimethylaminopropylmethylacrylamide / lauryldimethylpropyl methacrylamide ammonium chloride copolymer (e.g., ISP's STYLEZE® W); and amino-substituted polymers that are cationic under acidic pH conditions, such as vinylcaprolactam / PVP / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer (e.g., ISP's GAFFIX® VC-713); PVP / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer (e.g., ISP's Copolymer 845); PVP / DMAPA acrylate copolymer (ISP's STYLEZE® CC-10); and pyrrolidone carboxylate salts of chitosan having the INCI name chitosan PCA (e.g., Amerchol's KYTAMER® PC).

[0272] Suitable amphoteric polymers include, but are not limited to, octylacrylamide / acrylate / butylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer (such as Nouryon's AMPHOMER® polymer) and acrylate / lauryl acrylate / stearyl acrylate / ethylamine methacrylate oxide copolymer (such as Clariant Corp's DIAFORMER® polymer).

[0273] Film-forming polymers such as polyacrylic acid and sodium polyacrylate polymer fixatives, for example, Fixate® RSP, available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, are also suitable fixatives.

[0274] The hair fixative may be present in the composition in an amount of 0.001% to 20% by weight, for example, at least 0.1% by weight, or up to 5% by weight.

[0275] Skin emollients, humectants, and emulsifiers Examples of emulsifiers include C 12 ~C 18 Aliphatic alcohols; alkoxylated C 12 ~C 18 Aliphatic alcohol; C 12 ~C 18 Fatty acids; and alkoxylated C 12 ~C 18 Fatty acids in which the alkoxylate has 10 to 30 units each of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and ethylene oxide / propylene oxide combinations; C8 to C 22 Examples include, but are not limited to, alkyl mono and oligoglycosides; ethoxylated sterols; partial esters of polyglycerols; esters and partial esters of polyols having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having 12 to 30 carbon atoms; partial esters of polyglycerols; and organosiloxanes; as well as combinations thereof.

[0276] Aliphatic alcohols, acids, and alkoxylated aliphatic alcohols and fatty acids are as described above in the description of emollients. In one aspect of the art of this disclosure, the aliphatic alcohol and fatty acid are each ethoxylated with 10 to 30 units of ethylene oxide.

[0277] C8~C 22 Alkyl mono and oligoglycoside emulsifiers are prepared by reacting glucose or oligosaccharides with primary aliphatic alcohols having 8 to 22 carbon atoms. The products that can be obtained with the trademark Plantacare® are C8-C22 oligoglycosides that are glycosidically bonded to oligoglucoside residues with an average oligomerization degree of 1 to 2. 16 Contains alkyl groups. Exemplary alkyl glucosides and oligoglycosides are selected from octyl glucoside, decyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside, palmityl glucoside, isostearyl glucoside, stearyl glucoside, arachidyl glucoside, and behenyl glucoside, as well as mixtures thereof.

[0278] Examples of ethoxylated sterols include ethoxylated vegetable oil sterols such as soybean sterols. The degree of ethoxylation is greater than about 5 in one embodiment and at least about 10 in another embodiment. Preferred ethoxylated sterols are PEG-10 soybean sterols, PEG-16 soybean sterols, and PEG-25 soybean sterols.

[0279] Polyglycerol partial esters have 2 to 10 glycerol units and 1 to 4 saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, optionally hydroxylated C8-C8. 30They are esterified at fatty acid residues. Representative partial esters of polyglycerols include diglycerol monocaprylate, diglycerol monocapate, diglycerol monolaurate, triglycerol monocaprylate, triglycerol monocapate, triglycerol monolaurate, tetraglycerol monocaprylate, tetraglycerol monocapate, tetraglycerol monolaurate, pentagglycerol monocaprylate, pentagglycerol monocapate, pentagglycerol monolaurate, hexaglycerol monocaprylate, hexaglycerol monocapate, hexaglycerol monomyristate, hexaglycerol monostearate, decaglycerol monocaprylate, decaglycerol monocapate, decaglycerol monolaurate, decaglycerol monomyristate, and Examples include caglycerol monoisostearate, decaglycerol monostearate, decaglycerol monooleate, decaglycerol monohydroxystearate, decaglycerol dicaprylate, decaglycerol dicapreate, decaglycerol dilaurate, decaglycerol dimyristate, decaglycerol diisostearate, decaglycerol distearate, decaglycerol dioleate, decaglycerol dihydroxystearate, decaglycerol tricaprylate, decaglycerol tricapreate, decaglycerol trilaurate, decaglycerol trimyristate, decaglycerol triisostearate, decaglycerol tristearate, decaglycerol trioleate, decaglycerol trihydroxystearate, and mixtures thereof.

[0280] saturated C 12 ~C 30 Aliphatic alcohol emulsifiers are as described above in the description of emollients. In one aspect of the art of this disclosure, the aliphatic alcohol emulsifier is selected from, but is not limited to, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and lanolin alcohol or mixtures thereof, and can be obtained in the hydrogenation of unsaturated vegetable oils and animal fatty acids.

[0281] Emulsifiers based on polyols having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and esters and partial esters of linear saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having 12 to 30 carbon atoms include, for example, monoesters and diesters of glycerol or ethylene glycol, or propylene glycol and saturated and unsaturated carbon atoms. 12 ~C 30 It is a monoester with a fatty acid (for example, PEG-3 glyceryl cocoate).

[0282] Partially esterified polyglycerol emulsifiers contain 2 to about 10 glycerol units and 1 to 5 optionally hydroxylated C8-C8 saturated or unsaturated linear or branched C8-C8 molecules. 30 It is esterified at fatty acid residues. In one aspect of the technology of the present disclosure, emulsifiers may be present in amounts ranging from about 0.5% to about 12% by weight, in another aspect from about 1% to about 15% by weight, and in yet another aspect from about 5% to about 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the personal care, home care, healthcare, and institutional care compositions in which they are contained.

[0283] Suitable emollients include, but are not limited to, emollients selected from silicone fluids (e.g., the volatile silicone oils and non-volatile silicone oils mentioned above); mineral oils; petrolatum; vegetable oils; fish oils; aliphatic alcohols; fatty acids; fatty acid and aliphatic alcohol esters; alkoxylated aliphatic alcohols; alkoxylated fatty acid esters; benzoic acid esters; gerbeth esters; alkyl ether derivatives of polyethylene glycol, such as methoxypolyethylene glycol (MPEG); and polyalkylene glycols; lanolin and lanolin derivatives.

[0284] Mineral oil and petrolatum, including cosmetic, USP, and NF grades, are marketed by Penreco under the trade names Drakeol® and Penreco®. Mineral oil contains hexadecane and paraffinic oil.

[0285] Suitable aliphatic alcohol emollients include, but are not limited to, aliphatic alcohols containing 8 to 30 carbon atoms. Exemplary aliphatic alcohols include caprylic alcohol, pelargone alcohol, caprin alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, ricinoleyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, eicosenyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof.

[0286] Suitable fatty acid emollients include, but are not limited to, fatty acids containing 10 to 30 carbon atoms. Exemplary fatty acids are selected from capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, and mixtures thereof. Exemplary fatty acid and aliphatic alcohol ester emollients include, but are not limited to, hexyl laurate, decyl oleate, isopropyl stearate, isopropyl isostearate, butyl stearate, octyl stearate, cetyl stearate, myristyl myristate, octyldodecyl stearoyl stearate, isostearyl hydroxystearate, octyl hydroxystearate, diisopropyl adipate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, ethylhexyl palmitate, isodecyl oleate, isodecyl neopentanoate, diisopropyl sebacate, isostearyl lactate, lauryl lactate, diethyl hexyl maleate, PPG-14 butyl ether and PPG-2 myristyl ether propionate, cetearyl octanoate, and mixtures thereof.

[0287] Alkoxylated aliphatic alcohol emollients are ethers formed from the reaction of an aliphatic alcohol with an alkylene oxide, generally ethylene oxide or propylene oxide. A preferred ethoxylated aliphatic alcohol is an adduct of an aliphatic alcohol with polyethylene oxide. In one aspect of the art of this disclosure, the ethoxylated aliphatic alcohol is of the formula R'-(OCH2CH2) n’ It can be represented by -OH, where R' represents the aliphatic residue of the lipophilic aliphatic alcohol and n represents the number of ethylene oxide molecules. In another aspect of the art of this disclosure, R' is derived from an aliphatic alcohol containing 8 to 30 carbon atoms. In one aspect, n' is an integer in the range of 2 to 50, in another aspect 3 to 25, and in yet another aspect 3 to 10. In yet another aspect, R' is derived from the aliphatic alcohol emollient described above. Exemplary ethoxylated aliphatic alcohols include, but are not limited to, caprylic alcohol ethoxylate, lauryl alcohol ethoxylate, myristyl alcohol ethoxylate, cetyl alcohol ethoxylate, stearyl alcohol ethoxylate, cetearyl alcohol ethoxylate, oleyl alcohol ethoxylate, and behenyl alcohol ethoxylate, the number of ethylene oxide units in each of the aforementioned ethoxylates can be 2 or more in one aspect and in another aspect 2 to about 150. It should be noted that the aforementioned propoxylated adducts of aliphatic alcohols and the aforementioned ethoxylated / propoxylated mixed adducts of aliphatic alcohols are also intended to be within the scope of the art of this disclosure. The ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units of the ethoxylated / propoxylated aliphatic alcohols can be arranged in a random or blocky order.

[0288] Further specific examples of ethoxylated alcohols include Beheneth 5-30 (5-30 signifies a range of repeating ethylene oxide units), Ceteareth 2-100 (e.g., Ceteareth-20), Ceteth 1-45, Ceteth 24-25, Choreth 10-24, Coceth 3-10, C9-11 Pareth 3-8, C11-15 Pareth 5-40, C11-21 Pareth 3-10, C12-13 Pareth 3-15, Deceth 4-6, and Dodoxyno These include, but are not limited to, 5-12, glycereth 7-26, isoceteth 10-30, isodeceth 4-6, isolaureth 3-6, isosteareth 3-50, laureth 5-75, laureth 1-40, nonoxynol 1-120, nonylnonoxynol 5-150, octoxynol 3-70, oleth 2-50 (e.g., oleth-20), PEG 4-350, steareth 2-100, and trideceth 2-10.

[0289] Specific examples of propoxylated alcohols include PPG-10 cetyl ether, PPG-20 cetyl ether, PPG-28 cetyl ether, PPG-30 cetyl ether, PPG-50 cetyl ether, PPG-2 lanolin alcohol ether, PPG-5 lanolin alcohol ether, PPG-10 lanolin alcohol ether, PPG-20 lanolin alcohol ether, PPG-30 lanolin alcohol ether, PPG-4 lauryl ether, PPG-7 lauryl ether, and PPG-10 These include, but are not limited to, oleyl ether, PPG-20 oleyl ether, PPG-23 oleyl ether, PPG-30 oleyl ether, PPG-37 oleyl ether, PPG-50 oleyl ether, PPG-11 stearyl ether, PPG-15 stearyl ether, PPG-2 lanolin ether, PPG-5 lanolin ether, PPG-10 lanolin ether, PPG-20 lanolin ether, PPG-30 lanolin ether, and PPG-1 myristyl ether.

[0290] Specific examples of ethoxylated / propoxylated alcohols include PPG-1 beheneth-15, PPG-12 caprireth-18, PPG-2-PPG-2-ceteareth-9, PPG-4-ceteareth-12, PPG-10-ceteareth-20, PPG-1-ceteth-1, PPG-1-ceteth-5, PPG-1-ceteth-10, PPG-1-ceteth-20, PPG-2-ceteth-1, P PG-2-Ceteth-5, PPG-2-Ceteth-10, PPG-2-Ceteth-20, PPG-4-Ceteth-1, PPG-4-Ceteth-5, PPG-4-Ceteth-10, PPG-4-Ceteth-20, PPG-5-Ceteth-20, PPG-8-Ceteth-1, PPG-8-Ceteth-2, PPG-8-Ceteth-5, PPG-8-Ceteth-10, PPG-8-Ceteth-20, PPG-2 C12-13 Palace-8, PPG-2 C12-15 Palace-6, PPG-4 C13-15 Palace-15, PPG-5 C9-15 Palace-6, PPG-6 C9-11 Palace-5, PPG-6 C12-15 Palace-12, PPG-6 C12-18 Palace-11, PPG-3 C12-14 Sec-Palace-7, PPG-4 C12-14 Sec-Palace-5, PPG-5 C12-14 Sec-Palace-7, PPG-5 C12-14Sec-Palace-9, PPG-1-Deceth-6, PPG-2-Deceth-3, PPG-2-Deceth-5, PPG-2-Deceth-7, PPG-2-Deceth-10, PPG-2-Deceth-12, PPG-2-Deceth-15, PPG-2-Deceth-20, PPG-2-Deceth-30, PPG-2-Deceth-40, PPG-2-Deceth-50, PPG-2-Deceth-60, PPG-4-Deceth-4, PPG-4-Deceth-6, PPG-6-Deceth-4, PPG-6-Deceth-9, PPG-8-Deceth-6, PPG-14-Deceth-6, PPG-6- Decyltetradeceth-12, PPG-6-decyltetradeceth-20, PPG-6-decyltetradeceth-30, PPG-13-decyltetradeceth-24, PPG-20-decyltetradeceth-10, PPG-2-isodeceth-4, PPG-2-isodeceth-6, PPG-2-isodeceth-8, PPG-2-isodeceth-9, PPG-2-isodeceth-10, PPG-2-isodeceth-12, PPG-2-isodeceth-18, PPG-2-isodeceth-25, PPG-4-isodeceth-10, PPG-12-lanes-50, PPG-2- Laureth-5, PPG-2-Laureth-8, PPG-2-Laureth-12, PPG-3-Laureth-8, PPG-3-Laureth-9, PPG-3-Laureth-10, PPG-3-Laureth-12, PPG-4-Laureth-2, PPG-4-Laureth-5, PPG-4-Laureth-7, PPG-4-Laureth-15, PPG-5-Laureth-5, PPG-6-Laureth-3, PPG-25-Laureth-25, PPG-7 Lauryl Ether, PPG-3-Mireth-3, PPG-3-Mireth-11, PPG-20-PEG-20 Hydrogenated Lanolin, PP G-2-PEG-11 hydrogenated lauryl alcohol ether, PPG-12-PEG-50 lanolin, PPG-12-PEG-65 lanolin oil, PPG-40-PEG-60 lanolin oil, PPG-1-PEG-9 lauryl glycol ether, PPG-3-PEG-6 oleyl ether, PPG-23-steareth-34, PPG-30 steareth-4, PPG-34-steareth-3, PPG-38 steareth-6, PPG-1 trideceth-6, PPG-4 trideceth-6, and PPG-6 trideceth-8, but not limited to these.

[0291] Alkoxylated fatty acid emollients are formed when fatty acids are reacted with alkylene oxides or pre-formed polymer ethers. The resulting products may be monoesters, diesters, or mixtures thereof. A suitable ethoxylated fatty acid ester emollient for use in the art of this disclosure is a product obtained by adding ethylene oxide to a fatty acid. The product is a polyethylene oxide ester of the fatty acid. In one aspect of the art of this disclosure, the ethoxylated fatty acid ester has the formula R''-C(O)O(CH2CH2O) n”It can be represented by -H, where R'' represents the aliphatic residue of the fatty acid and n represents the number of ethylene oxide molecules. In another embodiment, n'' is an integer in the range of 2 to 50, in another embodiment 3 to 25, and in yet another embodiment 3 to 10. In yet another embodiment of the art of the present disclosure, R'' is derived from a fatty acid containing 8 to 24 carbon atoms. In yet another embodiment, R'' is derived from the above-mentioned fatty acid emollient. It should be noted that the propoxylation and ethoxylation / propoxylation products of the aforementioned fatty acids are also intended to be within the scope of the art of the present disclosure. Examples of alkoxylated fatty acid esters include, but are not limited to, capric acid ethoxylate, lauric acid ethoxylate, myristic acid ethoxylate, stearate ethoxylate, oleic acid ethoxylate, coconut fatty acid ethoxylate, and polyethylene glycol 400 propoxylated monolaurate. In one embodiment, the number of ethylene oxide units in each of the aforementioned ethoxylates can be 2 or more, and in another embodiment, it can be in the range of 2 to about 50. Further specific examples of ethoxylated fatty acids include PEG-8 distearate (8 signifies a range of repeating ethylene oxide units), PEG-8 behenate, PEG-8 caprate, PEG-8 caprylate, PEG-8 caprylate / caprate, PEG cocoate (PEG without a specified number signifies a range of 2 to 50 ethylene oxide units), PEG-15 dicocoate, PEG-2 diisononanoate, PEG-8 diisostearate, PEG-dilaureate, PEG-dioleate, PEG-distearate, PEG-ditalate, PEG-isostearate, PEG-jojoba acid, PEG-laurate, PEG-linolenate, PEG-myristate, PEG-oleate, PEG-palmitate, PEG-lysine oleate, PEG-stearate, and PEG-talate. Guerbet esters are formed from the esterification reaction of Guerbet alcohols with carboxylic acids. Gerbet ester emollients are marketed by the Noveon Consumer Specialties Division of Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under product names G-20, G-36, G-38, and G-66.Lanolin and lanolin derivatives are selected from lanolin, lanolin wax, lanolin oil, lanolin alcohol, lanolin fatty acid, alkoxylated lanolin, isopropyl lanolinate, acetylated lanolin alcohol, and combinations thereof. Lanolin and lanolin derivatives are marketed by Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trade names Lanolin LP 108 USP, Lanolin USP AAA, Acetulan®, Ceralan®, Lanocerin®, Lanogel® (product names 21 and 41), Lanogene®, Modulan®, Ohlan®, Solulan® (product names 16, 75, L-575, 98, and C-24), and Vilvanolin® (product names C, CAB, L-101, and P). The emollient can be used in an amount ranging from about 0.5% to about 30% by weight of the total personal care composition in one embodiment, from 0.1% to 25% by weight in another embodiment, and from 5% to 20% by weight in a further embodiment. Although the emollient is generally used in personal care compositions, it can also be used in home care, healthcare, and institutional care compositions in the same weight ratios as described for personal care compositions, as long as it provides the desired physical attributes (e.g., moisturizing properties) in such compositions.

[0292] Suitable wetting agents include allantoin, pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and its salts, hyaluronic acid and its salts, sorbic acid and its salts, urea, lysine, arginine, cystine, guanidine, and other amino acids, polyhydroxy alcohols and their esters (e.g., glycerin, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, hexanetriol, ethoxydiglycol, dimethicone copolyol, methyl glucose dioleate, methyl glucose sesquistearate, and sorbitol), polyethylene glycol, glycolic acid and glycolates (e.g., ammonium and quaternary alkylammonium), lactic acid and lactates (e.g., ammonium and quaternary alkylammonium), sugars and starches, sugars and starch derivatives (e.g., alkoxylated glucose), panthenols such as dl-panthenol, lactamide monoethanolamine, acetamide monoethanolamine, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the wetting agent is C3-C6 diols and triols, e.g., glycerin, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, hexanetriol, and mixtures thereof. Such suitable wetting agents typically comprise about 1% to about 10% by weight, preferably about 2% to about 8% by weight, and more preferably about 3% to about 5% by weight, of the total weight of the personal care composition of the technology of the present disclosure.

[0293] cushioning agent Buffers can be used in exemplary compositions. Suitable buffers include alkali or alkaline earth metal carbonates, phosphates, bicarbonates, citrates, borates, acetates, acid anhydrides, succinates, etc., such as sodium phosphate, sodium citrate, sodium acetate, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium carbonate.

[0294] pH adjuster The pH of the composition can be between 1.5 and 9.5, for example, at least 2.0 or at least 2.5. In some embodiments, the pH is up to 4.0, up to 6.5, or up to 8. To provide the selected pH, the composition may contain one or more pH adjusters selected from organic and inorganic acids and bases.

[0295] The pH of the composition can be adjusted using any combination of acidic and / or basic pH adjusters known in the art. Acidic materials include, but are not limited to, organic and inorganic acids, specifically monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, and tricarboxylic acids, such as acetic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, α-hydroxy acids, β-hydroxy acids, salicylic acid, malic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, alginic acid, glutamic acid, galacteric acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, benzoic acid, etidronic acid, and amino acids (such as glycine, taurine, alanine, cysteine, cystine, creatine, valine, glutamine, leucine, arginine, and lysine) and natural fruit acids, or inorganic acids, such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, sulfamic acid, phosphoric acid, and combinations thereof.

[0296] Other acids such as carboxylic acids, including alpha-hydroxy acids (AHA), beta-hydroxy acids (BHA), alpha-amino acids, alpha-keto acids (AKA), and mixtures thereof, can also be used. In such cosmetics, AHAs may include, but are not limited to, lactic acid, glycolic acid, fruit acids (malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, etc.), extracts of natural compounds containing AHAs (apple extract, apricot extract, etc.), honey extract, 2-hydroxyoctanoic acid, glyceric acid (dihydroxypropionic acid), tartaric acid (hydroxypropanediic acid), gluconic acid, mandelic acid, benzyl acid, azelaic acid, α-lipoic acid, salicylic acid, AHA salts and derivatives, such as arginine glycolate, ammonium glycolate, sodium glycolate, arginine lactate, ammonium lactate, sodium lactate, α-hydroxybutyric acid, α-hydroxyisobutyric acid, α-hydroxyisocaproic acid, α-hydroxyisovaleric acid, and atrolactinic acid. BHAs may include, but are not limited to, 3-hydroxypropanoic acid, β-hydroxybutyric acid, β-phenyllactic acid, and β-phenylpyruvic acid. Examples of α-amino acids include, but are not limited to, α-aminodicarboxylic acids such as aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and mixtures thereof, which are sometimes used in combination with fruit acids. AKA includes pyruvic acid. In some anti-aging compositions, acidic activators may be halocarboxylic acids such as retinoic acid and trichloroacetic acid, acidic antioxidants such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C), mineral acids, phytic acid, lysophosphatidic acid, etc. Examples of acidic anti-acne activators include salicylic acid, derivatives of salicylic acid such as 5-octanoylsalicylic acid, retinoic acid, and its derivatives.

[0297] Basic materials include inorganic and organic bases, as well as combinations thereof. Examples of inorganic bases include, but are not limited to, alkali metal hydroxides (especially sodium, potassium, and ammonium) and alkali metal salts, such as sodium borate (borax), sodium phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, and mixtures thereof. Examples of organic bases include triethanolamine (TEA), diisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, aminomethylpropanol, dodecylamine, cocamine, oleamine, morpholine, triamylamine, triethylamine, tetrakis(hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine, L-arginine, aminomethylpropanol, tromethamine (2-amino2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol), and PEG-15 cocamine.

[0298] Such pH adjusters may be present in concentrations ranging from 0.0001% to 50% by weight, depending on their active components.

[0299] Pearlescent agent / Opacifier Some formulations are opaque, often by intentionally incorporating pearlescent materials to achieve a cosmetically attractive pearl-like appearance known as pearlescence. Opacifiers are often included in compositions to mask aesthetically undesirable properties, for example, to improve the color of a composition that has become dark due to the presence of particulate components, or to mask the presence of particulate materials in the composition. Opacifiers are also included in aqueous compositions to improve the aesthetics and consumer acceptability of compositions that are otherwise aesthetically undesirable. For example, opacifiers can impart a pearlescent appearance to a transparent composition, thereby conveying to consumers a creamy, mild, and elastic appearance. Those skilled in the art are aware of the problems that formulations always face when preparing stable pearlescent formulations. A detailed discussion can be found in the paper “Opacifiers and pearling agents in shampoos,” Hunting, Cosmetic and Toiletries, Vol. 96, pages 65-78 (July 1981), which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0300] Opaque or pearlescent materials include organic and inorganic compounds. Typical examples of organic compounds are monoesters and / or diesters of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, or tetraethylene glycol, and fatty acids containing about 6 to about 22 carbon atoms in one embodiment and about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms in another embodiment. Such fatty acids include caproic acid, caprylic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, isotridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroseric acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid, erucic acid, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, ethylene glycol monostearate (EGMS) and / or ethylene glycol distearate (EGDS) and / or polyethylene glycol monostearate (PGMS) and / or polyethylene glycol distearate (PGDS) are suitable pearlescent agents used in the composition.

[0301] Inorganic pearlescent agents include those selected from the group consisting of mica, metal oxide-coated mica, silica-coated mica, bismuth oxychloride-coated mica, bismuth oxychloride, myristyl myristate, glass, metal oxide-coated glass, various aluminum and magnesium salts, guanine, fish scales, glitter (polyester or metallic), and mixtures thereof.

[0302] Suitable mica materials include muscovite or potassium aluminum hydroxide fluoride. Plate-shaped mica can be coated with a thin layer of metal oxide. The metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of rutile, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, tin oxide, alumina, and mixtures thereof.

[0303] A representative list of opacifying agents can be found in the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, J. Nikitakis, ed., 1988, page 75. Other pearlescent or opacifying materials are disclosed in U.S. Patents 4,654,207, 5,019,376, and 5,384,114, which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0304] In one embodiment, the amount of pearlescent or opaque material can be used in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to about 10% by weight in one embodiment, about 0.1% to about 5% by weight in another embodiment, and 0.5% to about 3% by weight in a further embodiment, based on the total weight of the composition. Other insoluble components

[0305] Other generally insoluble components suitable for use in this composition, UV absorbers, antimicrobial compositions, anti-wrinkle and anti-aging compositions, microsponges, cosmetic beads, and flakes. Cosmetic beads, flakes, and capsules may be included in the composition for aesthetic appearance or may function as microcapsules and macrocapsules for delivering beneficial agents to hair and skin. Exemplary bead components include, but are not limited to, agar beads, alginate beads, jojoba beads, gelatin beads, Styrofoam® beads, polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene beads, Unispheres® and Unipearls® cosmetic beads (Induchem USA, Inc., New York, NY), Lipocapsule®, Liposphere®, and Lipopearl® microcapsules (Lipo Technologies Inc., Vandalia, OH), and Confetti II® skin delivery flakes (United-Guardian, Inc., Hauppauge, NY).

[0306] The properties of hydrophilic cosmetic active ingredients and / or adjuvants may be synthetic, natural, derived from biotechnological procedures, or derived from a combination of synthetic and biotechnological procedures. Preferably, the hydrophilic active ingredient in the nanocapsule is thermally unstable. A thermally unstable active ingredient is understood to exhibit a degradation of 0.5% or more after being exposed to a temperature of 80°C for 2 hours.

[0307] Cosmetic active ingredients are selected from, but are not limited to, the group formed by amino acids, peptides, proteins, hydrolyzed proteins, enzymes, coenzymes, hormones, vitamins, mineral salts, nucleotides, nucleic acids, molecules, and extracts of biological and bioengineered origins, synthetic or partially synthetic hydrophilic molecules, and / or mixtures thereof.

[0308] The amino acids, their salts and / or derivatives, and commercially available mixtures containing them are selected from, but are not limited to, the group formed by, for example, serine, proline, alanine, glutamate, arginine, glycine, methionine, citrulline, sodium methylglycine diacetate (TRILON® M, commercially available from BASF), cysteine-containing amino acid derivatives, specifically N-acetylcysteine, ergothioneine, or S-carboxymethylcysteine, and / or mixtures thereof.

[0309] Peptides or commercially available mixtures containing them include, for example, peptides used in cosmetics, such as, in particular, GHK [INCI: Tripeptide-1], acetyl-glutamyl-methionyl-alanyl-isoleucine, acetyl-arginyl-phenylglycyl-phenylglycine, Bodyfensine (trademark) [INCI: Acetyl dipeptide-3 aminohexanoate], Relistase (trademark) [INCI: Acetylarginyltryptophyllidiphenylglycine], and acetyl-arginyl-phenylglycyl-valyl-g Lysine, Acetyl-Arginyl-Phenylglycyl-Valyl-Phenylglycine, Diaminopropionyl-Alanyl-Asparaginyl-Histidine, Acetyl-Arginyl-Asparaginyl-Histidyl-Citrulline-Amid, Aldenine(registered trademark) [INCI: Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein, Hydrolyzed Soy Protein, Tripeptide-1], Decorinyl(registered trademark) [INCI: Tripeptide-10 Citrulline], Serilesine(registered trademark) [INCI: Hexapeptide-10], Peptide AC29 [IN [INCI: Acetyl Tripeptide-30 Citrulline], Vilastene (Trademark) [INCI: Lysine HCl, Lecithin, Tripeptide-10 Citrulline], dGlyage (Trademark) [INCI: Lysine HCl, Lecithin, Tripeptide-9 Citrulline], Eyeseryl (Registered Trademark) [INCI: Acetyl Tetrapeptide-5], Preventhelia (Registered Trademark) [INCI: Diaminopropionoyl Tripeptide-33], Argireline (Registered Trademark) [INCI: Acetyl Hexapeptide-8], SNAP-7 [ INCI: Acetyl heptapeptide-4], SNAP-8 [INCI: Acetyl octapeptide-3], Leuphasyl (registered trademark) [INCI: Pentapeptide-18], Trylagen (registered trademark) [INCI: Pseudoalteromonas fermented extract, hydrolyzed wheat protein, hydrolyzed soy protein, tripeptide-10 citrulline, tripeptide-1], Inyline (trademark) [INCI: Acetyl hexapeptide-30], Melatime (trademark) [INCI: Acetyl tripeptide-40],Thermostressine (trademark) [INCI: Acetyl Tetrapeptide-22] or Liporeductyl (registered trademark) [INCI: Caffeine, Butcher's Broom (Ruscus Aculeatus) Root Extract, TEA-Hydroxyiodide, Carnitine, Ivy (Hedera Helix) Extract, Estine, Tripeptide-1] (commercially available from Lipotec), Matrixyl (registered trademark) [INCI: Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4], Matrixyl (registered trademark) 3000 [INCI: Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7, Palmitoyl Oligopeptide], Dermaxyl (registered trademark) [INCI: Palmitoyl Oligopeptide], Calmosensine (trademark) [INCI: Acetyl Dipeptide-1], Biopeptide CL (trademark) [INCI: Glyceryl Polymethacrylate, Propylene Glycol, Palmitoyl Oligopeptide] [Cydo] or Biopeptide EL (trademark) [INCI: palmitoyl oligopeptide] (commercially available from Sederma), pseudodipeptide, IP2000 [INCI: dextran, trifluoroacetyl tripeptide-2] (commercially available from IEB and Atrium), Pepha (registered trademark)-Timp [INCI: human oligopeptide-20], ECM-Protect (registered trademark) [INCI: water (aqua), dextran, tripeptide-2] or Melanostatine (registered trademark)-5 [INCI: dextran, nonapeptide-1] (Atrium (Commercially available from Innovations), Timp-Peptide [Proposed INCI: Acetyl Hexapeptide], Bronzing SF [Proposed INCI: Butyryl Pentapeptide], BONT-L-Peptide [INCI: Palmitoyl Hexapeptide-19], or ECM Moduline [Proposed INCI: Palmitoyl Tripeptide] (Commercially available from Infinitec Activos), IP2000 [INCI: Dextran, Trifluoroacetyl Tripeptide-2] (Commercially available from Institut Europeen de Biologie Cellulaire), Syn(Registered Trademark)-Coll [INCI: Palmitoyl Tripeptide-5] (Commercially available from Pentapharm), Neutrazen(Trademark) [INCI: Water,Butylene glycol, dextran, palmitoyl tripeptide-8, ChroNOline (trademark) [INCI: caproyl tetrapeptide-3] or Thymulen-4 [INCI: acetyl tetrapeptide-2] (commercially available from Atrium Innovations / Unipex Group), Meliprene (registered trademark) [INCI: dextran, acetyl heptapeptide-1] or Melitane (registered trademark) [INCI: acetyl hexapeptide-1] (commercially available from Institut Europeen de Biologie Cellulaire / Unipex Group), Skinasensyl (trademark) [INCI: acetyl tetrapeptide-15] (Laboratoires (Commercially available from Serobiologiques / Cognis), Vialox(registered trademark) [INCI: Pentapeptide-3], Syn(registered trademark)-Ake(registered trademark) [INCI: Dipeptide diaminobutyroyl benzylamide diacetate], Syn(registered trademark)-Coll [INCI: Palmitoyl tripeptide-5], Syniorage(trademark) [INCI: Acetyl tetrapeptide-11], Dermican(trademark) [INCI: Acetyl tetrapeptide-9] (Commercially available from Laboratoires Serobiologiques / Cognis), Kollaren(registered trademark) [INCI: Tripeptide-1, Dextran] (Commercially available from Institut Europeen de Biologie Cellulaire), Collaxyl(registered trademark) IS [INCI: Hexapeptide-9], Laminixyl IS (trademark) [INCI: heptapeptide], Quintescine (trademark) IS [INCI: dipeptide-4], UC peptide (trademark) V [INCI: pentapeptide], or AT peptide (trademark) IS [INCI: tripeptide-3] (marketed by Vincience / ISP), glutathione, carnosine, and / or mixtures thereof; and peptides for pharmaceutically acceptable use, e.g., glucagon, leuprolide, goserelin, triptorelin, buserelin, nafarelin, deslorerlin, histrelin, avorellin, abarerilix, cetrorelin, ganirellix, degarerix, desmopressin,The group is selected from, but is not limited to, somatostatins and somatostatin analogs, such as octreotide, bapreotide, and lanreotide.

[0310] Proteins, hydrolyzed proteins, enzymes, and hormones, as well as commercially available mixtures containing them, include, for example, Elhibin® [INCI: Glycine Soja (soybean) protein], Preregen® [INCI: Glycine Soja (soybean) protein, oxidoreductase], or Regu®-Age [INCI: Hydrolyzed rice bran protein, Glycine Soja (soybean) protein, oxidoreductase] (commercially available under Pentapharm / DSM), cadherins, integrins, selectins, hyaluronic acid receptors, immunoglobulins, fibroblast growth factor, connective tissue growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, keratinocyte growth factor, colony-stimulated growth factor, transforming growth factor β, tumor necrosis factor α, interferons, interleukins, substrate metalloproteinases, receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases, protein hydrolysates, hydrolysis Plant-based proteins (hydrolyzed wheat protein, hydrolyzed soy protein, or hydrolyzed whey protein, etc.), Lipeptide [INCI: hydrolyzed plant protein] (from Lipotec), Collalift (registered trademark) [INCI: hydrolyzed malt extract] (commercially available from Coletica / Engelhard), Colhibin [INCI: hydrolyzed rice protein] (commercially available from Pentapharm), Cytokinol (registered trademark) LS [INCI: hydrolyzed casein, hydrolyzed yeast protein, lysine HCl] (commercially available from Laboratoires Serobiologiques / Cognis), Liftline (registered trademark) [INCI: hydrolyzed wheat protein] or RidulisseA selection of, but not limited to, the group formed by C (registered trademark) [hydrolyzed soy protein] (commercially available from Silab), catalase, superoxide dismutase, lactoperoxidase, glutathione peroxidase, milk protein, casein, lactoperoxidase, lysozyme, glycosidase, stratum corneum chymotrypsin enzyme, or SCCE, proteases (such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, styreine, papain, or bromelain), DNA repair enzymes (such as photorepair enzymes or T4 endonuclease V), lipase, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), growth hormone, insulin, and / or mixtures thereof.

[0311] The vitamins are selected from, but are not limited to, the group formed by water-soluble vitamins such as, for example, vitamin C, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B5, vitamin B6, vitamin B7, vitamin B9, vitamin B12, carnitine, and / or mixtures thereof.

[0312] Chemically modifiable extracts of biological or bioengineered origin, as well as commercially available mixtures containing them, are selected from, for example, the group formed by plant extracts, marine extracts, cell extracts, and extracts produced by microorganisms, but are not limited to these.

[0313] Plant extracts are water-soluble plant extracts, such as, among others, chamomile, ivy, lemon, ginseng, raspberry, Roast amaranth, Rehmannias radix, gardenia, carrot, orange, peach, pineapple, gentian, hibiscus flower, walnut leaf, pumpkin, peony, quinoa, bordeaux, rough bindweed, salvia, pomegranate, oregano, ginger, marjoram, cranberry, grape, tomato, green tea, black tea, aloe vera (Aloe Barbadensis), Saphora japonica, papaya, pineapple, pumpkin, sweet potato, Bupleurum Chinensis, Cecropia Obtusifolia, Celosia Cristata, Centella Asiatica, Chenopodium Quinoa, Chrysanthellum Indicum, Citrus Aurantium Amara, and Coffea Arabica, Coleus Forskohlii, Commiphora Myrrha, Crithmum Maritimum, Eugenia Caryophyllus, Ginkgo Biloba, Hedera Helix (Ivy), Hibiscus Sabdariffa, Ilex Paraguariensis, Laminaria Digitata, Nelumbium Speciosum, Paullinia Cupana, Peumus Boldus, Phyllacantha Fibrosa, Prunella Vulgaris, Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis, Ruscus Aculeatus (butcher bloom extract), Sambucus Nigra, Spirulina Platensis algae, Uncaria Tomentosa, Verbena Officinalis, Opuntia ficus indica, Salix alba, Lupinus spp., Secale cereale, Tussilago farfara, Achillea millefolium, Aradirachta indica, Asmuna japonica, Autocarpus incisus, Bidenspilosa, Broussonetia papyrifera, Chlorella vulgaris, Cimicifuga racemosa, Emblica officinalis, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Ilex purpurea, Ligusticum lucidum, Ligusticum wallichii, Mitracarpus scaber, Morinda citrifolia, Morus alba, Morus bombycis, Naringi crenulata, Prunus domesticus, Pseudostellariae radix, Rumex crispus, Rumex occidentalis, Sapindus mukurossi, Saxifragia sarmentosa, Scutellaria Galericulate, Sedum sarmentosum Bunge, Stellaria medica, Triticum Vulgare, Uva ursi, Whitania somnifera, Aristoloquia clematis, Rosa moschata, Echinacea angustifolia, Symphytum officinale, Equisetum arvense, Hypericum perforatum, Mimosa tenuiflora, Persea gratissima, Prunus africanum, Tormentilla erectea, Solanum tuberosum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Vaccinium angustifolium, Macrocystis pyrifera algae, Padina pavonica, Malpighia punicitolia, Cynara scolymus, Gossypium herbaceum, Panicum miliaceum, Morus nigra, Sesamum indicum, Glycine soja, Triticum vulgare, Glycine Max (soybean), malt, flax, purple gromwell, Gegen Decoction, white clover, hazelnut, corn, beech tree buds, TrifoliumWater-soluble extracts of pratense (purple clover), Phormium tenax (New Zealand hemp), Cinnamommum zeylanicum, Laminaria saccharina, Spiraea ulmaria, nettle root, Pygeum africanum, Avena Sativa, Arnica montana, Cinchona succirubra, Eugenia caryophyllata, Humulus lupulus, Hypericum perforatum, Mentha piperita, Rosmarinus officinalis, Thymus vulgaricus, plant extracts of the genus Silybum, extracts of legume seeds, red algae extracts from the genus Porphyra, Phytovityl C (registered trademark) [INCI Aqua, Zea Mays extract] (commercially available from Solavia), Micromerol (trademark) [INCI: Pyrus Malus extract] or Heather Extract [INCI: Calluna] Vulgaris extract] (commercially available from Coletica / Engelhard / BASF), Proteasyl® TP LS8657 [INCI: Pisum Sativum extract] (commercially available from Laboratoires Serobiologiques / Cognis), Radicaptol [INCI: Propylene glycol, water, Passiflora Incarnata flower extract, Ribes Nigrum (blackcurrant) leaf extract, Vitis Vinifera (grape) leaf extract] (commercially available from Solabia) or ViaPure® Boswellia [INCI: Olivanum (Boswellia Serrata) extract] (commercially available from Soliance), EquiStat [INCI: Pyrus Malus) fruit extract, Glycine Soja seed extract] (commercially available from Coletica / Engelhard), Litchiderm® [INCI: Litchi Chinensis peel extract] or Arganyl® [INCI: Argania Spinosa leaf extract (Laboratories)(Commercially available from Serobiologiques / Cognis), Dakaline [INCI: Prunus amygdalus dulcis, Anogeissus leiocarpus bark extract] (Commercially available from Soliance), Actimp 1.9.3 (Registered Trademark) [INCI: Hydrolyzed Lupine Protein] (Commercially available from Expanscience Laboratories), Pronalen (Registered Trademark) Refirming HSC [INCI: Triticum vulgare, Silybum Marianum, Glycine Soy, Equisetum Arvense, Alchemilla Vulgaris, Medicago Sativa, Raphanus Sativus] or Polyplant (Registered Trademark) Refirming [INCI: Cornflower, Asiatic Centella, Fucus, Fenugreek] (Commercially available from Provital), Lanablue (Registered Trademark) [INCI: Sorbitol, Algal Extract] (Commercially available from Atrium Innovations), Firmiderm (Registered Trademark) LS9120 [INCI: Terminalia Selected from, but not limited to, the group formed by [Catappa leaf extract, Sambucus Negra flower extract, PVP, tannic acid] (commercially available from Laboratoires Serobiologiques / Cognis).

[0314] Cell extracts and extracts produced by microorganisms, or commercially available mixtures containing them, are selected from, but are not limited to, water-soluble cell extracts and water-soluble extracts produced by microorganisms, for example, in particular, Antarcticine® [INCI: Pseudoalteromonas fermentation extract] and Trylagen® [INCI: Pseudoalteromonas fermentation extract, hydrolyzed wheat protein, hydrolyzed soy protein, tripeptide-10 citrulline, tripeptide-1] (sold by Lipotec), yeast extracts, extracts of Saccharomyces cerivisiae, and milk fermentation products of Lactobacillus Bulgaricus.

[0315] The amount of active ingredient contained in the delivery system is in the range of 0.00001 to 50% by weight, preferably 0.0001 to 40% by weight, and more preferably 0.001 to 30% by weight.

[0316] The nanocapsules may contain other cosmetics and / or active ingredients and / or adjuvants of any nature, hydrophobic substances, hydrophilic substances and amphiphilic substances, which may be found in solution or suspension in a lipid matrix or in the aqueous phase of a hair color composition. Specifically, the cosmetics and / or nutritional active ingredients and / or adjuvants include, for example, surfactants, humectants or water-retaining substances, moisturizers or emollients, agents that stimulate healing, corejuvant healing agents, agents that stimulate re-epithelialization, corejuvant re-epithelializing agents, agents that synthesize macromolecules of the dermis or epithelium, solidifying agents and / or density-enhancing agents and / or reconstructing agents, cytokine growth factors, agents that act on capillary circulation and / or microcirculation, anti-glycation agents, free radical scavengers and / or anti-air pollution agents. Agents, reactive carbonyl species scavengers, 5α-reductase inhibitors, lysyl- and / or prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors, defensin synthesis stimulants, bactericides and / or bacteriostatic agents and / or antibacterial agents and / or disinfectant agents and / or fungicides and / or fungiostatic agents and / or pathogenic bacteria inhibitors, antiviral agents, antiparasitic agents, antihistamines, NO synthase inhibitors, desquamating agents or keratolytic agents and / or exfoliating agents, comedone dissolving agents, antipsoriatic agents, anti-dandruff agents, anti-inflammatory agents and / or analgesics, anesthetics, anti-wrinkle agents and / Or anti-aging agents, cosmetics and / or absorbent and / or deodorants, antiperspirants, fragrances and / or oils and / or isolated aromatic compounds, antioxidants, agents that inhibit vascular permeability, hydrolytic epithelial enzymes, whitening or depigmenting agents, agents that inhibit sweat-degrading enzymes, agents capable of filtering ultraviolet rays, agents that stimulate or control keratinocyte differentiation, antipruritic agents, agents that stimulate or inhibit melanin synthesis, color enhancers, self-tanning agents, melanocyte proliferation stimulants, liquid propellants, vitamins , amino acids, proteins, biopolymers, gelling polymers, skin relaxants, agents capable of reducing or treating dark circles under the eyes, agents for the treatment and / or care of sensitive skin, astringents, agents that regulate sebum production, anti-stretch mark agents, lipolytic agents or agents that stimulate lipolysis, venous tonics, anti-cellulite agents, sedatives, agents that act on cell metabolism, agents that improve the dermal-epithelial junction, hair growth inducers or hair loss delayers, agents that inhibit or delay body hair growth, heat shock protein synthesis stimulants, muscle relaxants,The active ingredients and / or cosmetic adjuvants and / or nutritional adjuvants are selected from, but are not limited to, the group formed by muscle contraction inhibitors, agents that inhibit acetylcholine receptor clustering, anticholinergics, elastase inhibitors, substrate metalloproteinase inhibitors, chelating agents, plant extracts, essential oils, marine extracts, mineral salts, cell extracts, emulsifiers, agents that stimulate the synthesis of lipids and stratum corneum components (such as ceramides and fatty acids), agents obtained from biofermentation processes, and / or mixtures thereof. The properties of these active ingredients and / or cosmetic adjuvants and / or nutritional adjuvants may be synthetic or natural, such as from plant extracts, or derived from biotechnological processes, or from a combination of synthetic and biotechnological processes. Additional examples can be found in the CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary & Handbook, 12th Edition (2008). With respect to the art of this disclosure, a biotechnological process is understood to be any process that produces an active ingredient or a part thereof in an organism or a part thereof.

[0317] Wetters or moisture-retaining substances, humectants or emollients include polyols and polyethers, such as glycerin, ethylhexylglycerin, caprylyl glycol, pentylene glycol, propylene glycol and their derivatives, glycereth-26, sorbeth-30; panthenol; pyroglutamic acid and its salts and derivatives; amino acids such as serine, proline, alanine, glutamate, or arginine; ectoin and its derivatives; N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide; N-lauroyl-pyrrolidone carboxylic acid; N-lauroyl-L-lysine; N-α-benzoyl-L-arginine; urea; creatine; α- and β-hydroxy acids such as lactic acid, glycolic acid, malic acid, citric acid, salicylic acid and their salts; polyglyceryl acrylate; sodium glucuronate, caragunate (Chondrus Aloe vera (crispy), or chitosan; glycosaminoglycans such as hyaluronic acid and their derivatives; aloe vera in any form; honey; soluble collagen; lecithin and phosphatidylcholine; ceramide; cholesterol and its esters; tocopherols such as tocopheryl acetate or tocopheryl linoleate and their esters; long-chain alcohols such as cetearyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, or octadecane-2-ol; lauryl lactate, myristyl lactate, or C benzoate 12 ~C 15Long-chain alcohol esters such as alkyl; fatty acids such as stearic acid, isostearic acid, and palmitic acid; polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs); sorbitans such as sorbitan distearate; glycers such as glyceryl monolicinolate, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl stearate citrate, or caprylic and capric triglycerides; saccharose esters such as saccharose palmitate or saccharose oleate; butylene glycol esters such as dicaprylate and dicaprate; isopropyl isostearate, isobutyl palmitate, isocetyl stearate, isopropyl laurate, hexyl laurate, decyl oleate, cetyl palmitate, di-n-butyl sebacate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl stearate, butyl stearate, butyl myristate, isopropyl Fatty acid esters such as linoleate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, 2-ethylhexyl cocoate, decyl oleate, myristyl myristate; squalene; mink oil; lanolin and its derivatives; acetylated lanolin alcohol; silicone derivatives such as cyclomethicone, dimethicone, or dimethylpolysiloxane; Antarcticine® [INCI: Pseudoalteromonas Ferment Extract] or acetyl-glutamyl-methionyl-alanyl-isoleucine, acetyl-arginyl-phenylglycyl-phenylglycine, or acetyl-arginyl-6-aminohexanoyl-alanine, commercially available from Lipotec; petrolatum; mineral oil; mineral and synthetic waxes; beeswax (Cera Alba); paraffin;Alternatively, waxes and oils of plant origin, for example, in particular candelilla wax (Euphorbia cerifera), carnauba wax (Copernicia cerifera), shea butter (Butirospermum parkii), cocoa butter (Theobroma cacao), castor oil (Ricinus communis), sunflower oil (Helianthus annuus), olive oil (Olea europaea), coconut oil (Cocos nucifera), palm oil (Elaeis guineensis), wheat germ oil (Triticum vulgare), sweet almond oil (Prunus amygdalus dulces), musk rose oil (Rosa moschata), soybean oil (Glycine soja), grape seed oil (Vitis vinifera), calendula oil (Calendula officinalis), jojoba oil (Simmonsis Selected from, but not limited to, the group formed by (Chinese chinensis), mango oil (Mangifera indica), avocado oil (Persea gratissima), and / or mixtures thereof;

[0318] Bactericidal and / or bacteriostatic and / or antibacterial and / or disinfectant and / or fungicidal and / or fungiostatic and / or pathogenic bacteria inhibitors include, for example, macrolides, pyranosides, calcium channel blockers, for example, but not limited to cinnarizine and diltiazem; hormones, for example, but not limited to estril, its analogues or thyroxine and / or its salts, caprylyl glycol, imidazolidinyl urea, methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate [INCI: methylparaben], ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate [INCI: ethylparaben], propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate [INCI: propylparaben], butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate [INCI: butylparaben], isobutyl 4-hydroxybenzoate [INCI: isobutylparaben], 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl) -5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione [INCI: DMDM ​​hydantoin], benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate [INCI: benzylparaben], benzyl alcohol, dehydroacetic acid, benzoic acid, sorbic acid, salicylic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, 3-p-chlorophenoxy-1,2-propanodiol [INCI: chlorphenesin], dichlorobenzyl alcohol, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, benzalkonium chloride, odor-absorbing fungicide (zinc ricinoleate, etc.), cyclodextrin, benzethonium chloride, chlorhexidine, ethanol, propanol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,2-propylene glycol, undecylenic acid, dehydroacetic acid, N-methylmorpholine acetonitrile acetonitrile (MMA), isopropanol, methanol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-Octanediol, pentylene glycol, glyceryl laurate, glyceryl caprylate, glyceryl caprate, benzoyl peroxide, chlorhexidine gluconate, triclosan and its derivatives, phenoxyethanol, terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol, resorcinol, stiemycin, erythromycin, neomycin, clindamycin and its esters, tetracycline, metronidazole, azelaic acid, tolnaphthate, nistatin, clotrimazole, ketoconazole, zinc derivatives (zinc pyrithionate or zinc trithionate, zinc oxide and zinc undecylenate, etc.), piroctone olamine, isothiazolinone, selenium sulfur, benzyl hemiformal, boric acid, sodium borate Thorium, 6,6-dibromo-4,4-dichloro-2,2'-methylenediphenol [INCI: bromochlorophene], 5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane, sodium tosylchloramide [INCI: chloramine T], chloroacetamide, p-chloro-m-cresol, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol [INCI: chlorophene], dimethyloxazolidine, dodecyldimethyl-2-phenoxyethylammonium bromide [INCI: domiphene bromide], 7-ethylbicyclooxazolidine, hexetidine, glutaraldehyde, N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-urea [INCI: chloroflucarban], 2-hydroxy-4-isopropyl-2,4,6-Cycloheptatrien-1-one [INCI: Hinokitiol], Isopropylmethylphenol, Mercury salt, Aluminum salt, Nisin, Phenoxyisopropanol, o-Phenylphenol, 3-Heptyl-2-[(3-Heptyl-4-methyl-3H-thiazole-2-ylidene)methyl]-4-Methylthiazole iodide [INCI: Quaternium-73], Silver chloride, Sodium iodide, Thymol, Undecylenic acid, Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, Ethyl Didiaminetetraacetic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid salts, lactoperoxidase, glucose oxidase, lactoferrin, alkylaryl sulfonates, halogenated phenols, mercury phenolacetate and / or mixtures thereof, benzamidine, isothiazolin, phthalimide derivatives, pyridine derivatives, guanidine, quinoline, 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyabutane, iodo-2-propylbutylcarbamate, iodine, iodophor (tamed iodine), peroxo compounds, 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, 2,2'-methylene-bis(6-bromo-4-chlorophenol), 3-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)phenol, 3-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1,2-propanediol, 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (TTC), thiamine essence, eugenol, farnesol, glyceryl monolaurate, diglycerin monocaprinate, N-alkyl salicylic acid amides (such as n-octylsalicylic acid amide or n-decylsalicylic acid amide), halogenated xylene and cresol derivatives (such as p-chlorometh-cresol or p-chlorometh-xylene), Allium sativum, Calendula officinalis, Chamomilla recutita, Echinacea Purpura, Hyssopus Selected from, but not limited to, extracts of Officinalis, Melaleuca alternifolia, or the group formed by tea tree oil, carnation essence, menthol, and mint essence.

[0319] Hair growth inducers, agents acting on capillary circulation and / or microcirculation, or hair loss retarders include, for example, extracts of Tussilago farfara or Achillea millefolium, nicotinic acid esters, such as C3-C6 alkyl nicotinates such as methyl or hexyl nicotinate, benzyl nicotinate, or tocopheryl nicotinate; biotin, 5α-reductase inhibitors, anti-inflammatory agents, retinoids, such as, but not limited to, all-trans-retinoic acid or tretinoin, isotretinoin, retinol, or vitamin A and its derivatives, such as acetate, palmitate, propionate, motoretinide, etre Zinc salts of tinates and trans-retinoates; antimicrobial agents, calcium channel blockers, e.g., cinnarizine and diltiazem; hormones, e.g., estriol, its analogues or thyroxine, its analogues and / or salts; antiandrogenic agents, e.g., oxendrone, spironolactone, or diethylstilbestrol; antiradical agents, esterified oligosaccharides, e.g., European Patent No. 0211610 and European Patent No. 0 Those described in Patent No. 064012; derivatives of hexosaccharic acid, e.g., glucosaccharic acid or those described in European Patent No. 0375388; glucosidase inhibitors, e.g., D-glucalo-1,5-lactam or those described in European Patent No. 0334586; glycosaminoglycanase and proteoglycanase inhibitors, e.g., L-galactono-1,4-lactone or those described in European Patent No. 0277428; tyrosine Kinase inhibitors, for example, but not limited to 1-amido-1-cyano(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylene or those described in European Patent No. 0403238, for example, but not limited to 7-(acetylthio)-4',5'-dihydrospiro[androsto-4-en-17,2'-(3H)furan]-3-one, 1,1-dioxide or spirooxazine of 3-methyl-7-chloro[2H]-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine; phospholipids, for example, but not limited to lecithin;Selected from, but not limited to, the group formed by salicylic acid and its derivatives, hydroxycarboxylic acids or ketocarboxylic acids and their esters, lactones and their salts; anthralines, eicosa-5,8,11-trienoic acid and its esters or amides, and especially minoxidil and its derivatives or mixtures;

[0320] Antioxidants include, for example, butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, gallic acid esters such as propyl gallate, probucol, polyphenols, ascorbic acid and its salts, enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase; citric acid, citrate, monoglyceride esters, calcium metabisulfate, lactic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, vitamin A or β-carotene, vitamins E and C, tocopherol, for example vitamin E acetate, ascorbic acid esters, for example ascorbyl palmitate and ascorbyl acetate, zinc, Copper, mannitol, reduced glutathione, carotenoids such as cryptoxanthin, astaxanthin, and lycopene; cysteine, uric acid, carnitine, taurine, tyrosine, lutein, zeaxanthin, N-acetyl-cysteine, carnosine, γ-glutamylcysteine, quercetin, lactoferrin, dihydrolipoic acid, tea catechins, retinyl palmitate and its derivatives, bisulfite, metabisulfite, and sodium sulfite, chroman, chromene and its analogues, lipochroman-6 [INCI: dimethylmethoxychromanol], metal chelating agents such as EDTA, sorbitol, phosphoric acid, or dGlyage (trademark) [INCI: lysine HCl, lecithin, tripeptide-9 citrulline]; Ginkgo A plant extract such as Biloba extract, sage, pomegranate, rosemary, oregano, ginger, marjoram, cranberry, grape, tomato, green tea, or black tea; oleoresin extract, plant extracts containing phenols such as vanillin, ellagic acid, and resveratrol; tertiary butylhydroquinone or mixtures thereof, divalent metal salts such as selenium, cadmium, vanadium, or zinc; selected from, but not limited to, the group formed by alpha-lipoic acid, coenzyme Q, idebenone, or derivatives thereof.

[0321] Agents capable of filtering ultraviolet light include organic or mineral photoprotective agents active against A and / or B ultraviolet light, such as substituted benzotriazoles, substituted diphenyl acrylates, organic nickel complexes, umbelliferone, urocanic acid, biphenyl derivatives, stilbene, 3-benzylidene camphor, and derivatives thereof such as 3-(4-methylbenzylidene) camphor; 4-aminobenzoic acid, 2-ethylhexyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate, 2-octyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate, and derivatives of amyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate; 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate or diethylaminohydroxybenzoylhexyl benzoate, propyl 4-methoxycinnamate, isoamyl 4-methoxycinnamate, and 2-ethylhexyl (octocrylene) 2-cyano-3,3-phenyl Cinnamic acid esters such as cinnamate; salicylic acid esters such as 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, 4-isopropylbenzyl salicylate, homomenthyl salicylate; benzophenone derivatives such as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone; benzalmalonic acid esters such as di-2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxybenzalmalonate; triazine derivatives such as 2,4,6-trianilino, p-carbo-2'-ethyl-1'-hexyloxy-1,3,5-triazine, octyltriazone, or dioctylbutamidetriazone; propane-1,3-diones such as 1-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(4'-methoxyphenyl)propane-1,3-dione; ketotricyclo(5.2.1.0) Decane derivatives; 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid; benzophenone sulfonic acid derivatives and their salts, such as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid; 4-(2-oxo-3-bornylidenemethyl)benzenesulfonic acid; benzoylmethane derivatives, e.g., benzoylmethane 2-methyl-5-(2-oxo-3-bornylidene)sulfonic acid, e.g., 1-(4'-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(4'-methoxyphenyl)propane-1,3-dione, 4-tert-butyl-4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane, 1-phenyl-3-(4'-isopropylphenyl)-propane-1,3-dione Metal oxides such as zinc oxide, enamine compounds, anthranilates, silicon, benzimidazole derivatives, imidazolines, benzoyl derivatives, Chromabright® [INCI: dimethylmethoxychromanyl palmitate] or Preventhelia® [INCI: diaminopropionoyl tripeptide-33] (both commercially available from Lipotec), zinc oxide, titanium, iron, zirconium, silicon, manganese, aluminum, and cerium; silicates, talc, barium sulfate, zinc stearate, carbon nanotubes, and / or mixtures thereof, selected from, but not limited to, the group formed therefrom.

[0322] The following examples further illustrate and demonstrate embodiments within the scope of the present art. These examples are presented for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limitations of the present art, as many modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present art. Unless otherwise specified, weight percentages (W%) are expressed as weight percentages based on the total weight of the composition. The amounts of all components reported in the table of examples are "as supplied" by the manufacturer. Any component not supplied as 100 percent active material is identified by the percentage of active material supplied by the manufacturer. To calculate the amount of active component used in the illustrated composition, multiply the percentage of active material by the total amount of the component (as supplied). For example, if the components supplied by the manufacturer contain 30% by weight of active polymer material, the remainder is the inert carrier component.

[0323] Example 1 (PUD synthesis) Polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) 1000 (1,536 grams), dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H 12 747 grams of MDI and 633 grams of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) were reacted under a blanket of dry nitrogen at 215–225°F (102–107°C) for approximately 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to 170°F (77°C), and 314 grams of Jeffcat® DPA tethering amine monomer were added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 175–185°F (79–85°C) for 40 minutes to produce an NCO-terminated prepolymer. The mixture was cooled to 145°F (63°C), and 69 grams of glacial acetic acid were added over 15 minutes with stirring. A portion (3,060 grams) of the partially neutralized prepolymer was added to 4,000 g of water at 65°F (18°C) containing 98 g of glacial acetic acid and 5 g of DeeFo® 97-3 defoamer, while mixing for approximately 10-15 minutes, to form an aqueous dispersion of the cationic NCO-terminated polyurethane prepolymer. The remaining NCO was reacted with water overnight to produce a clean (clump-free and floc-free) stable aqueous dispersion of the cationic polyurethane with a total solids content of -43.6%, pH 4.7, and Brookfield viscosity of -70 cP. The mean diameter of the particle size distribution was 26 nm (measured by Malvern and reported as an intensity-mean Gaussian distribution). The weight-average molecular weight was measured to be 42,500 g / mol. The ultimate tensile strength was measured at 3,750 psi (standard deviation = 170 psi), the elongation at fracture was -620% (standard deviation = 30%), and the modulus of elasticity at 100% elongation was -1,025 psi (standard deviation = 35 psi).

[0324] Example 2 (Permanent Hair Coloring Composition) Oxidizing hair colorants containing oxidizing dye precursors and dye couplers were formulated using the components and quantities listed in Table 1. Formulation A was prepared using the tethering type tertiary amine polyurethane of this technology, while formulations B and C were prepared using nonionic polyurethane and cationic polyurethane, respectively. Formulation D was prepared using a benchmark amphoteric polymer commonly used in oxidizing hair coloring systems. Formulation D is a blank formulation that does not contain polymers. [Table 1] 1 Comparative formulation 2 Brookfield® Viscometer Model DV-II+Pro (25°C, 10 rpm, 6-spindle)

[0325] The ingredients for the permanent hair color composition were formulated according to the following procedure.

[0326] Add deionized water to the beaker and start the mixer at a medium speed (500 rpm).

[0327] Add ingredients No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4, and mix until homogeneous.

[0328] Add components No. 5-7 of Phase A to a separate beaker and mix thoroughly. Add this to the batch.

[0329] Rinse the beaker with deionized water component No. 8 and add the washing solution to the main batch.

[0330] Cover the batch with foil to prevent air from entering. Blanket the batch with nitrogen to prevent oxidation.

[0331] Add Phase A components No. 9-12 to the main batch. After adding the components, cover the batch to seal in the air. Mix until homogeneous.

[0332] Start heating the batch to 65-70°C.

[0333] Add component B to a separate beaker and heat to 65-70°C.

[0334] Add this to the main batch and mix at high speed (900 rpm) for 15 minutes until homogeneous, maintaining the temperature at 65-70°C. After adding phase B, cover the batch and seal it to remove air.

[0335] Begin cooling the batch to 50°C. Cover the batch with foil.

[0336] Add component C No. 19 at 50°C and mix until homogeneous.

[0337] Cool the batch to 30°C.

[0338] Add phase C components No. 20-22 one by one and mix until homogeneous. After each addition, cover the batch to seal in air. Blanket the batch with nitrogen to prevent oxidation.

[0339] Homogenize the batch using a laboratory homogenizer at 1000 rpm for 1-2 minutes.

[0340] Staining protocol Each of the color formulations listed in Table 1 was mixed with a commercially available colorant (Matrix 20 V colorant) in a 1:1 weight ratio and immediately applied to a pure white blonde hair sample (International Hair Importers) measuring 6 inches long x 3 / 4 inches wide and weighing 2.5 g, including a soft sample binder. The samples were prepared according to the following procedure.

[0341] 1. Place the hair samples on plastic wrap so that they do not overlap. Apply 5 grams of the coloring composition evenly to one side of the sample, then apply 5 grams to the other side. After applying the hair color composition to the sample, use a color application brush to work the composition into the hair.

[0342] 2. The treated sample was wrapped in plastic and allowed to develop color for 30 minutes.

[0343] 3. After 10 minutes, the wrapped sample was gently smoothed from base to tip with the fingers, repeating the process twice.

[0344] 4. After 30 minutes (Step 2), the treated sample was rinsed with tap water at a temperature of 38-40°C for 1 minute at a flow rate of 3.8 L / min.

[0345] 5. Next, the rinsed samples were shampooed with a 10% sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES-2) solution according to the following procedure.

[0346] 6. Measure and record the dry weight of each pre-washed sample. Place the weighing board on the scale and weigh the sample. Wet the sample in deionized water with 10 strokes from base to tip. Gently squeeze out any excess water and place the sample on the weighing board. The dilution should be 1:5. Record the weight of the sample.

[0347] Apply 7.04g of SLES-2 shampoo. Using 2-3 strokes with your fingers, distribute the product to both sides of the sample along its length.

[0348] 8. Gently massage the product onto the hair sample in 20 strokes for 40 seconds (2 seconds per stroke). Massage the product in one direction from root to tip. Distribute the product using horizontal and vertical shearing. After the first 20 seconds, flip the sample over and massage again to ensure proper distribution of the product.

[0349] 9. Rinse the hair sample thoroughly with tap water (shower mode) for 45 seconds. Set the water temperature to 38°C (±2°C) and the flow rate to 3.8 L / min or 1 gal / min. Gently hold the sample between your index and middle fingers and massage it while rinsing by passing your index and middle fingers from the base to the tip of the sample. Use 20 strokes, massaging at a rate of 2-2.5 seconds per stroke while rinsing.

[0350] 10. Dry overnight in a humidity chamber at room temperature and relative humidity of 55-60%.

[0351] Color measurement Using the L, a, and b scales, the colors of three samples were measured for each formulation using a Hunter LabScan® XE colorimeter. Colors were measured on samples treated with formulations A, B, C, and D as formulated in Table 1. In the Hunter L, a, and b scales, "L" is a measure of lightness, ranging from 100 for pure white to 0 for pure black. Delta L corresponds to the difference in saturation (intensity) of the treated hair samples before and after washing. A lower ΔL corresponds to a smaller amount of color dulling. "a" is a measure of redness if the value of "a" is positive, and a measure of greenness if it is negative. Delta "a" is a measure of the lightness or darkness of the color before and after washing. A lower Δa indicates better color protection. "b" is a measure of yellowness if the value of "b" is positive, and a measure of blueness if it is negative. E (total color value) is given by E = (L 2 +a 2 +b 2 ) 1 / 2 It can be calculated as follows, and the resulting ΔE is the total color change or color difference in the treated hair before and after washing.

[0352] The L values ​​of the samples after one wash were measured and recorded to confirm improvements in color intensity and saturation. The results are shown in Table 2. [Table 2] 1The test formulation was mixed with the colorant in a 1:1 ratio (weight:weight).

[0353] A permanent hair color formulated with Formulation A, which contains the polymers of the technology of this disclosure, improves the color intensity and saturation of the colored hair. While not bound by theory, the polymers of the technology of this disclosure are thought to assist in the penetration of the dye deep into the cortex. A lower L value indicates a darker and more vivid color.

[0354] The permanent hair color formulated with the polymer of Example 1 protects the color for up to 30 washes. A lower ΔE value indicates that the hair color is retained.

[0355] ΔE, ΔL, and Δa were measured after 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 shampoo washes, following the shampoo and drying procedures outlined in steps 5 and 6 of the aforementioned staining protocol. The results are reported in Tables 3, 4, and 5. [Table 3] 1 The test formulation was mixed with the colorant in a 1:1 ratio (weight:weight).

[0356] A permanent hair color formulated with Formulation A, which contains the polymers of the technology of this disclosure, improves color protection of colored hair. A permanent hair color formulated with the polymer of Example 1 protects the color for up to 30 washes. A lower ΔE value indicates that the hair color is retained. [Table 4] 1 The test formulation was mixed with the colorant in a 1:1 ratio (weight:weight).

[0357] The results show that color protection is achieved with formulation A containing the polymer of Example 1, compared to formulation B containing nonionic polyurethane, formulation C containing cationic polyurethane, and formulation D containing a benchmark amphoteric polymer. Permanent hair color formulated with the polymer of Example 1 protects the intensity and saturation of colored hair for up to 30 washes. A lower ΔL indicates that hair color intensity is maintained. [Table 5] 1 The test formulation was mixed with the colorant in a 1:1 ratio (weight:weight).

[0358] Compared to formulation B containing nonionic polyurethane, formulation C containing cationic polyurethane, and formulation D containing a benchmark amphoteric polymer, formulation A containing the polymer of Example 1 achieves better color protection. Permanent hair color formulated with the polymer of Example 1 protects the colored hair tone for up to 30 washes. A lower Δa indicates that the hair tone and value are retained.

[0359] The treated hair samples were evaluated for their conditioning properties in both wet and dry conditions. In the wet condition, conditioning was measured by performing detangling and combing tests. In the dry condition, the flexibility and smoothness of the hair were measured by a friction coefficient test.

[0360] Detangling and combing test in wet conditions The resistance of treated samples to combing and detangling wet hair was tested using a Dia-Stron MTT175 Mini Tensile Tester with MTTWIN version 5.0 software. Six samples were used per treatment, with five operations per sample, at a combing speed of 300 mm / min and a maximum combing force (gmf) of 2000. Lower average total work values ​​indicate improvement in wet combing. Lower average breaking load values ​​indicate improvement in wet detangling characteristics. The results are presented in Table 6. [Table 6] 1 The test formulation was mixed with the colorant in a 1:1 ratio (weight:weight).

[0361] Compared to control formulation E, which does not contain polymers, hair colored with formulation A containing the polymer of Example 1 and formulation D containing the benchmark amphoteric conditioning polymer demonstrated better wet detangle properties. A lower average breaking load value indicates an improvement in wet detangle properties, which shows that hair colored with the formulations of this technology is easier to detangle.

[0362] The results show better wet combing with formulation A and the benchmark amphoteric polymer compared to the control formulation without polymer. The lower average total work values ​​indicate an improvement in wet combing, as hair is easier to comb after color treatment.

[0363] Hair flexibility and smoothness test Hair flexibility was measured by reducing friction on the surface of the hair fibers using a Bruker Universal Mechanical Tester (UMT). The instrument utilizes the threading mode to facilitate high-sensitivity testing of the coefficient of friction on a dry hair surface. Before testing, samples were washed twice using the method described in steps 5 and 6 of the dyeing protocol. Measurements were performed on three treated samples and compared with a control formulation (without polymer) and a benchmark polymer. Probe speed: 0.1 mm / sec. The probe was moved across the hair cuticle, completing two cycles in one operation, and two operations were performed for each sample. The coefficient of friction was measured and recorded after each operation. The results are presented in Table 7. [Table 7] 1 The test formulation was mixed with the colorant in a 1:1 ratio (weight:weight).

[0364] Permanent colors formulated with the polymers and benchmark polymers of this technology showed better drying properties compared to controls formulated without polymers. Lower friction coefficient values ​​indicate that the treated hair samples were softer, smoother, and more moisturized.

[0365] Example 3 (Semi-permanent hair coloring composition) A semi-permanent hair colorant containing a semi-permanent acid dye was formulated using the components and quantities listed in Table 8. Formulation F was prepared using the tethering-type tertiary amine polyurethane of this technology, while Formulation G was prepared using a benchmark amphoteric polymer commonly used in semi-permanent hair dyeing systems. [Table 8] 1 Benchmark formulation 2 Control formulation 3Brookfield® Viscometer Model DV-II+Pro (25°C, 10 rpm, 6-spindle)

[0366] The ingredients for the semi-permanent hair color composition were formulated according to the following procedure.

[0367] Add ingredient No. 1 to the main beaker and mix using a light mixer.

[0368] Mix component No. 2 with a portion of components No. 3 and No. 4 in a small beaker, and then add it to the batch.

[0369] Use the remaining DI water component No. 4 to wash the beaker and add the washing solution to the batch.

[0370] Add ingredients No. 5 through 10 one by one and mix until homogeneous.

[0371] Heat phase A to 70°C.

[0372] In a separate container, mix components No. 11-15 of phase B and heat to 70°C.

[0373] Once both phase A and phase B reach 70°C, add phase B to phase A and mix for 10 minutes.

[0374] Cool to 50°C and add phase C component number 16. Mix until homogeneous.

[0375] Cool the batch to 30°C.

[0376] Add phase C components No. 17-19 one by one and mix until homogeneous.

[0377] Adjust the pH to 4.5-4.8 using ingredient No. 20. Mix until homogeneous.

[0378] Color measurement Pure white blonde hair samples were treated with semi-permanent hair coloring compositions formulated from the components identified in Table 8, in substantially the same manner as the treatment and color measurement protocol outlined in Example 2. Three treated samples from each formulation were measured for color. The ΔE, L, and α values ​​after 5 and 10 washes are reported in Tables 9, 10, and 11, respectively. [Table 9]

[0379] Formulation F, containing the polymer of Example 1, demonstrates better color protection compared to the benchmark amphoteric polymer. The semi-permanent hair color formulated with the polymer of Example 1 improves color protection of colored hair. The semi-permanent hair color using the polymer of Example 1 protects the color for at least 10 washes. Conventional semi-permanent hair color compositions generally protect for 5 to 7 washes. A lower ΔE value indicates that more hair color is retained compared to the benchmark standard. [Table 10]

[0380] The semi-permanent hair color composition formulated with the polymer of Example 1 improves color protection of colored hair. A lower ΔL value indicates better hair color intensity and color fastness. [Table 11]

[0381] The semi-permanent hair color composition formulated with the polymer of Example 1 improves color protection of colored hair. Formulation F protects the color for at least 10 washes. A lower Δa value for Formulation F indicates that the hair color tone is preserved and does not fade.

[0382] Detangling and combing test in wet conditions Using the protocol described in Example 2, treated samples were tested for resistance to combing and detangling of wet hair. The results are shown in Table 12. [Table 12]

[0383] The results demonstrate that formulations F and G, containing the polymer from Example 1 and the benchmark polymer, respectively, have better wet combing properties than the control formulation H, which does not contain the polymer. The lower average total work values ​​indicate an improvement in wet combing, as hair is easier to comb after color treatment with formulation F.

[0384] Hair treated with color formulations F and G, containing the polymer of Example 1 and the benchmark polymer, respectively, demonstrates improved detangling in wet conditions compared to hair colored with formulation H (without polymer). The lower average breaking load values ​​indicate improved detangling properties in wet conditions, as hair treated with formulations F and G is easier to detangle after coloring compared to the control formulation H.

[0385] Hair flexibility and smoothness test The hair flexibility of the colored hair samples was evaluated using the protocol described in Example 2. The results are shown in Table 13. [Table 13]

[0386] The semi-permanent color formulations using the polymer (Formulation F) and benchmark polymer (Formulation G) of Example 1 showed better improvement in drying properties compared to the control (Formulation H). Lower friction coefficient values ​​indicate that the treated hair samples were softer, smoother, and more moisturized.

[0387] Example 4 A temporary hair color was formulated using the ingredients and quantities shown in Table 14. [Table 14] 1 Brookfield® Viscometer Model DV-II+Pro (25°C, 10 rpm, 6-spindle)

[0388] Example 5 The oxidative hair dye coloring agent composition was formulated using the components listed in Table 15. [Table 15] 1 Brookfield® Viscometer Model DV-II+Pro (25°C, 10 rpm, 6-spindle)

Claims

1. A composition for coloring hair and maintaining the color of the colored hair, wherein the composition comprises a) At least one hair coloring agent, b) at least one polyurethane comprising a polyurethane skeleton, wherein one or more tethering tertiary amino groups are bonded laterally to the polyurethane skeleton, the tethering tertiary amino groups are located away from the polyurethane skeleton by tethering portions containing at least two interposing atoms, and the tethering tertiary amino groups are optionally partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized, The at least one polyurethane is (i) at least one polyisocyanate, (ii) At least one main-chain polyamine, polyol, polythiol, and mixture thereof having about two isocyanate-reactive hydrogens, (iii) A composition comprising a reaction product with at least one compound containing a tertiary nitrogen having two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen-containing substituents and a tethering tertiary amino group substituent, wherein the tertiary amino group is located away from the tertiary nitrogen by a tethering moiety containing at least two interposing atoms.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the reaction product is partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized.

3. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized reaction product is dispersed in water to form a polyurethane prepolymer dispersion.

4. The composition according to claim 3, wherein the partially or completely neutralized and / or quaternized prepolymer dispersion is chain-extended with a chain extender selected from water, inorganic or organic polyamines, and / or low molecular weight polyols, and mixtures thereof.

5. The at least one polyisocyanate (i) is selected from aliphatic diisocyanates, aromatic diisocyanates, aromatic aliphatic diisocyanates, and mixtures thereof. The composition according to claim 1.

6. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one main chain polyol (ii) is selected from polycarbonate polyols, polyester polyols, polyether polyols, and mixtures thereof.

7. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one compound (iii) containing tertiary nitrogen is selected from 2,2'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azandiyl)bis(ethane-1-ol) and 1,1'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azandiyl)bis(propane-2-ol), and mixtures thereof.

8. The at least one polyurethane is (i) at least one aliphatic polyisocyanate, (ii) At least one main-chain polyol having about two isocyanate-reactive hydrogens selected from polyethers, (iii) The composition according to claim 1, comprising a reaction product with at least one compound containing a tertiary nitrogen having two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen-containing substituents and a tethering tertiary amino group substituent, wherein the tertiary amino group is located away from the tertiary nitrogen by a tethering moiety containing at least three interposing atoms.

9. The composition according to claim 8, wherein the at least one aliphatic polyisocyanate is selected from hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate, 1,12-dodecane diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4,4-trimethyl-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2-methyl-1,5-pentamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, cyclohexane diisocyanate, bis-(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane diisocyanate, cyclohexane triisocyanate, and mixtures thereof.

10. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one main-chain polyol is selected from polytetrahydrofuran, poly(propylene glycol) derived from 1,2-propanediol, poly(propylene glycol) derived from 1,3-propanediol, and mixtures thereof.

11. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the tethering-type tertiary amino group is neutralized with an acid.

12. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the tethering type tertiary amino group is quaternized with a quaternizing agent selected from alkyl halides, aralkyl halides, dialkyl carbonates, dialkyl sulfates, and epoxides.

13. The composition according to claim 1, wherein at least 25%, or at least 50%, or at least 75%, or at least 80%, or at least 85%, or at least 90%, or at least 95% of the tethering-type tertiary amino group is neutralized and / or quaternized.

14. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one polyurethane comprises a reaction product of at least one alicyclic diisocyanate, at least one polyether polyol, and at least one tethering tertiary amino group monomer containing two active hydrogen groups, and the tertiary amino group is neutralized with an acid.

15. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one polyurethane comprises a reaction product of a first alicyclic diisocyanate, a second alicyclic diisocyanate different from the first alicyclic diisocyanate, at least one polyether polyol, and at least one tethering tertiary amino group containing two active hydrogen groups, wherein the tertiary amino group is neutralized with an acid.

16. The at least one polyurethane is dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H １２ The composition according to claim 1, comprising a reaction product of a mixture thereof with an MDI (methylaminopropyl) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polytetrahydrofuran, and at least one tethering tertiary amine group selected from 2,2'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azandiyl)bis(ethane-1-ol) and 1,1'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azandiyl)bis(propane-2-ol), wherein the tertiary amine group is neutralized with an acid.

17. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one polyurethane is a polyurethane dispersion (PUD).

18. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the hair coloring agent is a temporary hair dye.

19. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the hair coloring agent is a semi-permanent hair dye.

20. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the hair coloring agent comprises at least one permanent hair dye component.

21. The composition according to claim 18, wherein the hair coloring agent is present in an amount ranging from 0.0005 to 20% by weight, or 0.005 to 10% by weight, or 0.05 to 6% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

22. The composition according to claim 20, wherein the permanent hair dye component comprises at least one oxidative dye precursor.

23. The composition according to claim 20, wherein the permanent hair dye component includes a dye coupler.

24. The composition according to claim 23, wherein the dye coupler is present in an amount ranging from 0.0001 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, from 0.0005 to 10% by weight.

25. The composition according to claim 20, wherein the permanent hair dye component comprises at least one direct dye.

26. The composition according to claim 25, wherein the at least one direct dye is present in an amount ranging from 0.0001% to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

27. The composition according to claim 20, wherein the permanent hair dye component comprises at least one alkalizing agent.

28. The composition according to claim 27, wherein the at least one alkalizing agent is present in an amount sufficient to maintain a pH in the range of 7 to 12.

29. The composition according to claim 20, wherein the permanent hair dye component comprises at least one reducing agent.

30. The composition according to claim 29, wherein the reducing agent is present in an amount ranging from 0.0005% to 6% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

31. The composition according to claim 20, wherein the permanent hair dye component is mixed with at least one oxidizing agent.

32. The composition according to claim 31, wherein the at least one oxidizing agent is selected from organic peroxides (urea peroxide, melamine peroxide), inorganic peroxides (hydrogen peroxide, sodium peroxide, calcium peroxide, persulfate, perborate), sodium periodate, barium persilicate, alkali metal bromate (sodium bromate), ferricyanide, and mixtures thereof.

33. The composition according to claim 31, wherein the at least one oxidizing agent is present in an amount ranging from 0.0001% to 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

34. The composition according to claim 1, comprising at least one additional cationic polymer, at least one amphoteric polymer, and a mixture thereof.

35. The at least one additional cationic polymer is polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-7, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-11, polyquaternium-16, polyquaternium-28, polyquaternium-30, polyquaternium-36, polyquaternium-6nium-37, polyquaternium-46, polyquaternium The composition according to claim 34, selected from Um-87 and mixtures thereof.

36. The composition according to claim 35, wherein the at least one amphoteric polymer is selected from polyquaternium-22, polyquaternium-39, polyquaternium-47, and polyquaternium-53.

37. The composition according to claim 35, wherein the at least one additional cationic polymer or at least one amphoteric polymer is present in an amount ranging from 0.001 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

38. The composition according to claim 1, comprising at least one surfactant selected from anionic, cationic, amphoteric, and nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof.

39. The composition according to claim 38, wherein the at least one surfactant is present in an amount ranging from 0.001% to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

40. The composition according to claim 1, comprising at least one thickener selected from cellulose derivatives, guar derivatives, microbial gums, casein, alginates, carbomers, crosslinked acrylic acid copolymers, and mixtures thereof.

41. The composition according to claim 1, comprising at least one auxiliary agent selected from antioxidants, emulsifiers, humectants, solvents, conditioning agents, protein derivatives, provitamins, vitamins, amino acids, plant extracts, sugars, pH adjusters, film-forming polymers, perfumes and fragrances, preservatives, buffers, solubilizers, stabilizers, lanolin derivatives, cholesterol, aliphatic alcohols, organic acids, silicones, natural or synthetic oils, protein hydrolysates, natural plant extracts, UV filters, ceramides, coenzymes, chelating agents, hair swelling agents, and mixtures thereof.

42. The composition according to claim 40, wherein the at least one thickening agent is present in an amount ranging from 0.001% to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

43. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one polyurethane is present in an amount ranging from 0.004 to 4% by weight, or 0.2 to 2.4% by weight, or 0.3 to 1.2% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

44. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition is selected from shampoo, conditioner, rinse, lotion, emulsion, cream, foam, gel, spray, mousse, pomade, oil, highlighter, powder, paste, tablet, and wax.

45. A process for coloring hair and maintaining colorfastness in colored hair, comprising contacting the hair with a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 44.

46. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 44 for coloring hair and extending the color fastness of the colored hair.

Images