Horizontal machining center and tool changing device

Abstract

To provide a multiaxis lateral processing machine which enables tool exchange and has a simple structure.SOLUTION: A lateral processing machine 10 includes: a bed 11; a floor surface X axis guide 13; a first moving column 211 that reciprocates in an X axis direction; a first Y axis guide 271 disposed on the first moving column 211; a first processing unit 291 guided by the first Y axis guide 271 and having a first ram 291b that supports a first spindle 291c and advances or retracts in a Z axis direction; a second processing unit 35 guided by the first Y axis guide 271 and having a second ram 35b that supports a second spindle 293c and advances or retracts in the Z axis direction; a first tool exchanger 511 that exchanges a tool 1 with the first spindle 291c positioned at a first tool exchanging position 81; and a second tool exchanger 82 that exchanges the tool 1 with the second spindle 292c positioned at a second tool exchanging position 82 when the first spindle 291c is positioned at the first tool exchanging position 81.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

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[0001] The present invention relates to a horizontal machining center and a tool changer.

Background Art

[0002] There is disclosed a horizontal machine tool having an X-axis guide rail disposed on the upper surface of a bed, a column mounted on the X-axis guide rail and movable in the X direction, a Y-axis guide rail disposed on one side surface of the column, a saddle supported by the Y-axis guide rail and movable in the Y direction, a Z-axis guide rail disposed on the saddle, and a spindle head horizontally supported by the Z-axis guide rail (Japanese Patent No. 4514310).

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

Means for Solving the Problems

[0004] A first aspect of the present invention is a bed, a floor X-axis guide disposed on the upper surface of the bed, a first moving column guided by the floor X-axis guide and reciprocating in the X-axis direction, a first Y-axis guide disposed on the first moving column, a first machining unit guided by the first Y-axis guide and reciprocating in the Y-axis direction, the first machining unit having a first spindle rotatably supported and a first ram advancing and retreating in the Z-axis direction, a second machining unit guided by the first Y-axis guide and reciprocating in the Y-axis direction, the second machining unit having a second spindle rotatably supported and a second ram advancing and retreating in the Z-axis direction, a telescopic cover, A box cover placed on the aforementioned bed, A first X box extends in the Y direction and reciprocates in the X direction together with the first moving column within the box cover, A first X stretchable cover that covers the space between the first X box and the box cover, The first ram penetrates the first Y box, which reciprocates within the first X box in the Y direction, The second ram penetrates the second Y box, which reciprocates within the first X box in the Y direction, A first Y expandable cover that covers the space between the first Y box and the first X box, A second Y expandable cover that covers the space between the first Y box and the second Y box, A third Y expandable cover covers the space between the second Y box and the first X box, A retractable cover having, It is a horizontal processing machine equipped with [a specific feature / feature].

[0005] A second aspect of the present invention is, A bed and A floor surface X-axis guide positioned on the upper surface of the bed, A first moving column is guided by the floor surface X-axis guide and reciprocates in the X-axis direction, A first Y-axis guide positioned on the first moving column, A first machining unit guided by the first Y-axis guide and reciprocating in the Y-axis direction, the first machining unit having a first ram that rotatably supports a first spindle and moves back and forth in the Z-axis direction, A second machining unit, guided by the first Y-axis guide and reciprocating in the Y-axis direction, having a second ram that rotatably supports a second spindle and moves back and forth in the Z-axis direction, A first tool changer is positioned on the bed and changes the tool between the first spindle and the first tool changer in the first tool change position. A second tool changer, positioned on the bed, which exchanges the tool between the second spindle, which is in the second tool change position, and the first spindle, which is in the first tool change position. It is a horizontal processing machine equipped with [a specific feature / feature].

[0006] A third aspect of the present invention is, A tool changing device that changes the spindle and tool at the tool change position, A rotatably supported magazine disc, At the tool change position, a fixed disc-shaped cam has a contour curve that is recessed by the stroke length, A plurality of tool holding parts arranged on the outer circumference of the magazine disc, each of the tool holding parts is A pinch lever that is pivotably supported on the magazine disc, The tip is positioned and has a claw portion that grips the tool, It has a roller cam and a lever portion located at the base end, A pinch lever having, A first elastic body that biases the lever portion in a direction that pushes it open, A cylinder having a cylinder chamber and positioned on the magazine disk, A plunger that reciprocates within the cylinder chamber, A V-shaped surface that contacts the roller cam and is positioned at the tip, A cam follower positioned at the base end, A plunger having, A second elastic body biases the plunger toward the tip, pressing the V-surface against the roller cam to close the pinch lever, It has, When the tool holder is in a position other than the tool changing position, the cam follower contacts the cam, and the pinch lever does not open. When the tool holder is in the tool replacement position, the plunger retracts by the stroke length, the pinch lever opens, and the tool can be replaced with the spindle. It is a tool changing device.

[0007] The first Y-box may have a first box hole through which the first ram passes. The first machining unit may have a first body. The first body may pass through the first box hole. The first Y-box may have a first packing that seals the space between the first body and the first box hole. The second Y-box may have a second box hole through which the second ram passes. The second machining unit may have a second body. The second body may pass through the second box hole. The second Y-box may have a second packing that seals the space between the second body and the second box hole. The third Y-box may have a third box hole through which the third ram passes. The third machining unit may have a third body. The third body may pass through the third box hole. The third Y-box may have a third packing that seals the space between the third body and the third box hole. The fourth Y-box may have a fourth box hole through which the fourth ram passes. The fourth machining unit may have a fourth body. The fourth body may pass through the fourth box hole. The fourth Y-box may have a fourth packing that seals the space between the fourth body and the fourth box hole. Examples of expandable covers include bellows covers, roll covers, and telescopic covers.

[0008] A horizontal machining center may include a second lower X-axis drive unit positioned on the bed and driving the lower end of the second moving column in the X-axis direction, and a second upper X-axis drive unit positioned above the bed and driving the upper end of the second moving column in the X-axis direction in synchronization with the second lower X-axis drive unit. The first upper X-axis drive unit may be located on a fixed beam. The second upper X-axis drive unit may be located on a fixed beam.

[0009] The second lower X-axis drive device may include a lower X-axis helical rack, a second lower X-axis helical gear that meshes with the lower X-axis helical rack, and a second lower X-axis motor connected to the second lower X-axis helical gear and positioned at the lower end of the second moving column. The second upper X-axis driving device may include an upper X super rack, a second upper X super gear that meshes with the upper X super rack, and a second upper X motor that is connected to the second upper X super gear and disposed at the upper end of the second moving column.

[0010] The horizontal machining center may have a first Y-axis driving device disposed on the first moving column. The first Y-axis driving device may include a first Y super rack disposed on the first moving column, a first Y super gear that meshes with the first Y super rack, and a first Y motor that is connected to the first Y super gear and disposed on the first machining unit. The first Y-axis driving device may be disposed on the side surface of the first moving column in the first X direction. The first Y super rack may be disposed on the side surface of the first moving column in the first X direction. The horizontal machining center may have a second Y-axis driving device disposed on the first moving column. The second Y-axis driving device may include a first Y super rack, a second Y super gear that meshes with the first Y super rack, and a second Y motor that is connected to the second Y super gear and disposed on the second machining unit. The second Y-axis driving device may be disposed on the side surface of the first moving column in the first X direction.

[0011] The horizontal machining center may have a third Y-axis driving device disposed on the second moving column. The third Y-axis driving device may include a second Y super rack disposed on the second moving column, a third Y super gear that meshes with the second Y super rack, and a third Y motor that is connected to the third Y super gear and disposed on the third machining unit. The third Y-axis driving device may be disposed on the side surface of the second moving column in the second X direction. The second Y super rack may be disposed on the side surface of the second moving column in the second X direction. The horizontal machining center may have a fourth Y-axis driving device disposed on the second moving column. The fourth Y-axis driving device may include a second Y super rack, a fourth Y super gear that meshes with the second Y super rack, and a fourth Y motor that is connected to the fourth Y super gear and disposed on the fourth Y machining unit. The fourth Y-axis driving device may be disposed on the side surface of the second moving column in the second X direction.

[0012] The horizontal machining center may have a first Y-base and a second Y-base that are guided by a first Y-axis guide and move in the Y direction. The first machining unit may be detachably mounted on the first Y-base. The horizontal machining center may have a first fastening member that fastens the first machining unit to the first Y-base. The second processing unit may be detachably positioned on the second Y base. The horizontal processing machine may have a second fastening member for fastening the second processing unit to the second Y base. The horizontal machining center may have a third Y-base and a fourth Y-base that are guided by a second Y-axis guide and move in the Y direction. The third machining unit may be detachably mounted on the third Y-base. The horizontal machining center may have a third fastening member that fastens the third machining unit to the third Y-base. The fourth processing unit may be detachably positioned on the fourth Y base. The horizontal processing machine may have a fourth fastening member for fastening the fourth processing unit to the fourth Y base.

[0013] The first spindle may have a first spindle hole. The first spindle may have a first tool unclamping device. The second spindle may have a second spindle hole. The second spindle may have a second tool unclamping device. The third spindle may have a third spindle hole. The third spindle may have a third tool unclamping device. The fourth spindle may have a fourth spindle hole. The fourth spindle may have a third tool unclamping device.

[0014] The first spindle is configured to move in the second X direction to reach the first tool change position. The second spindle is configured to move in the second X direction to reach the second tool change position. The second spindle is configured to reach the second tool change position at the same time that the first spindle reaches the first tool change position. The third spindle is configured to move in the first X direction to reach the third tool change position. The fourth spindle is configured to move in the first X direction to reach the fourth tool change position. The fourth spindle is configured to reach the fourth tool change position at the same time that the second spindle reaches the third tool change position.

[0015] The first spindle may be configured so as not to interfere with the first tool changer when it is in the first tool change position. The shutter of the first tool changer may be configured so as not to interfere with the first spindle located in the first tool change position when the shutter is in the machining position. The second spindle may be configured so as not to interfere with the second tool changer when it is in the second tool change position. The shutter of the second tool changer may be configured so as not to interfere with the first spindle, which is located in the second tool change position, when the shutter is in the machining position. The third spindle may be configured so as not to interfere with the third tool changer when it is in the third tool change position. The shutter of the third tool changer may be configured so as not to interfere with the third spindle located in the third tool change position when the shutter is in the machining position. The fourth spindle may be configured so as not to interfere with the fourth tool changer when it is in the fourth tool change position. The shutter of the fourth tool changer may be configured so as not to interfere with the fourth spindle located in the fourth tool change position when the shutter is in the machining position.

[0016] Horizontal machining centers are A pair of fixed support columns positioned at both ends of the bed in the X-axis direction, A fixed beam is stretched across the upper ends of a pair of fixed support columns, An upper X-axis guide positioned on a fixed beam, It is acceptable to have it.

[0017] Horizontal machining centers are A first downward X-axis drive device is positioned on the bed and drives the lower end of the first moving column in the X-axis direction, A first upper X-axis drive unit is positioned above the bed and, in synchronization with the first lower X-axis drive unit, drives the upper end of the first moving column in the X-axis direction. You may have it.

[0018] The first downward X-axis drive device is The lower X that is placed on the bed is a rack, The lower X is the first lower X which meshes with the helical rack, The first lower X is connected to a helical gear and the lower X motor is located at the lower end of the first moving column, It has, The first upper X-axis drive device is The upper X is a super rack positioned on the fixed X beam, The upper X is a helical rack and the first upper X is a helical gear, The first upper X is connected to a helical gear and the upper X motor is located at the upper end of the first moving column, It may have. [Effects of the Invention]

[0019] According to the present invention, a multi-axis horizontal machining center is provided in which the drive unit can be separated from the machining area. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0020] [Figure 1] Perspective view of the horizontal processing machine of the embodiment [Figure 2] Perspective view of the horizontal processing machine of the embodiment [Figure 3] View from arrow III in Figure 1 [Figure 4] Figure 3, section view along line IV-IV [Figure 5] Figure 3: Cross-sectional view along line VV [Figure 6] Sectional view along line VI-VI in Figure 4 [Figure 7] View from arrow VII in Figure 1 [Figure 8] Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional view along line VIII-VIII. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0021] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the horizontal machining center 10 of the embodiment includes a bed 11, a pair of floor X-axis guides 13, a pair of fixed support columns 15, a fixed beam 17, an upper X-axis guide 19, a first machining unit group 20, a second machining unit group 22, a bellows cover (extendable cover) 40, a first ATC (first automatic tool changer) 511, a second ATC (second automatic tool changer) 512, a third ATC (third automatic tool changer) 513, and a fourth ATC (fourth automatic tool changer) 514.

[0022] For convenience, we define the left-right direction as the X direction (left from the front is the +X direction), the up-down direction as the Y direction (up is the +Y direction), and the front-back direction as the Z direction (back from the front is the +Z direction).

[0023] As shown in Figure 3, the floor surface X-axis guide 13 has a lower X-guide rail 13a and a lower X-guide block 13b. The floor surface X-axis guide 13 extends in the X direction. The lower X-guide rail 13a extends in the X direction and is fixed to the upper surface of the bed 11. The lower X-guide block 13b is positioned on the lower X-guide rail 13a and moves in the X direction.

[0024] As shown in Figure 2, a pair of fixed support columns 15 are positioned at both ends of the bed 11 in the X direction. Each fixed support column 15 has a main column 15a and a secondary column 15b. The fixed support column 15 has a closed shape when viewed from the Y direction. The secondary column 15b is positioned in front of the main column 15a (-Z direction). The fixed beam 17 spans between the upper ends of a pair of fixed support columns 15. The fixed beam 17 extends in the X-axis direction. As shown in Figure 4, the upper X-axis guide 19 has an upper X-guide rail 19a and an upper X-guide block 19b. The upper X-guide rail 19a extends in the X direction and is fixed to the back of the fixed beam 17. The upper X-guide block 19b is positioned on the upper X-guide rail 19a and moves in the X direction.

[0025] As shown in Figures 3 to 6, the first machining unit group 20 includes a first moving column 211, a first lower X-axis drive device 231, a first upper X-axis drive device 251, a first Y-axis guide 271, a first Y-base 301, a first machining unit 291, a first Y-axis drive device 331, a second Y-base 302, a second machining unit 292, and a second Y-axis drive device 332.

[0026] As shown in Figure 3, the first movable column 211 has a base portion 211a and a column portion 211b. The base portion 211a is fastened to the lower X guide block 13b. The base portion 211a is rectangular in shape. The column portion 211b is positioned closer to the -X direction of the base portion 211a. The column portion 211b has, for example, a rectangular cross-section. The upper end of the column portion 211b is fastened to the upper X guide block 19b.

[0027] As shown in Figure 4, the first lower X-axis drive unit 231 includes a lower X-axis helical rack 231a, a first lower X-axis motor 231b, and a first lower X-axis helical gear 231c. The lower X-axis helical rack 231a extends in the X direction and is fixed to the bed 11. The first lower X-axis motor 231b is positioned on the base portion 211a. The first lower X-axis helical gear 231c is connected to the first lower X-axis motor 231b and meshes with the lower X-axis helical rack 231a.

[0028] As shown in Figure 4, the first upper X-axis drive unit 251 includes an upper X-axis helical rack 251a, a first upper X-axis motor 251b, and a first upper X-axis helical gear 231c. The upper X-axis helical rack 251a extends in the X direction and is fixed to the back of the fixed beam 17. The first upper X-axis motor 251b is fastened above the column 211b. The first upper X-axis motor 251b rotates in synchronization with the first lower X-axis motor 231b. The first upper X-axis helical gear 251c is connected to the first upper X-axis motor 251b and meshes with the upper X-axis helical rack 251a.

[0029] As shown in Figure 3, the first Y-axis guide 271 has a Y-guide rail 271a and a plurality of Y-guide blocks 271b. The Y-guide rail 271a extends in the Y direction and is positioned in the +X direction of the first moving column 211. The Y-guide blocks 271b are positioned on the Y-guide rail 271a and move in the Y direction.

[0030] The first Y-base 301 is fastened to the Y-guide block 271b. The first Y-base 301 may have a bolt (first fastening member) 301a. The second Y-base 302 is fastened to the Y-guide block 271b. The second Y-base 302 may have a bolt (second fastening member) 302a.

[0031] As shown in Figure 5, the first Y-axis drive unit 331 includes a first Y-axis helical rack 331a, a first Y-motor 331b, and a first Y-axis helical gear 331c. The first Y-axis helical rack 331a extends in the Y direction and is positioned on the first moving column 211. The first Y-axis helical rack 331a is positioned on the +X side of the column portion 211b. The first Y motor 331b is fastened to the first Y base 301. The first Y helical gear 331c is connected to the first Y motor 331b and meshes with the first Y helical rack 331a.

[0032] As shown in Figure 5, the first machining unit 291 includes a first body 291a, a first ram 291b, and a first spindle 291c. The first body 291a is a prismatic shape extending in the Z direction. The first body 291a is coupled to the first Y base 301 by bolts 301a. The first ram 291b protrudes forward of the bellows cover 40 from the tip of the first body 291a. The first ram 291b is guided in the Z direction. The first ram 291b moves back and forth in the Z direction. The first spindle 291c is rotatably supported by the first ram 291b. The first spindle 291c includes a first spindle hole 291e and an unclamping device 291f. The unclamping device 291f clamps and unclams the tool 1 mounted in the first spindle hole 291e. The first processing unit 291 is detachably connected to the first Y base 301.

[0033] Tool 1 is mounted in the first spindle hole 291e. As shown in Figures 7 and 8, tool 1 has a tapered shank 1a (see Figure 8) and a keyway 1b (see Figure 7). The tapered shank 1a abuts against the first spindle hole 291e.

[0034] As shown in Figures 2 and 5, the second Y-axis drive unit 332 includes a first Y-axis helical rack 331a, a second Y-axis motor 332b, and a second Y-axis helical gear 332c. The second Y-axis motor 332b is fastened to the second Y-axis base 302. The second Y-axis helical gear 332c is connected to the second Y-axis motor 332b and meshes with the first Y-axis helical rack 331a.

[0035] The second processing unit 292 includes a second body 292a, a second ram 292b, and a second spindle 292c. The second processing unit 292 is positioned in the -Y direction (first Y direction) of the first processing unit 291. The second processing unit 292 is detachably coupled to the second Y base 302 via a second fastening member 302a. The second processing unit 292 is substantially identical to the first processing unit 291.

[0036] As shown in Figure 2, the second machining unit group 22 includes a second column (second moving column) 212, a second lower X-axis drive device 232, a second upper X-axis drive device 252, a second Y-guide 272, a third Y-base 303, a third machining unit 293, a third Y-axis drive device 333, a fourth Y-base 304, a fourth machining unit 294, and a fourth Y-axis drive device 334. The second machining unit group 22 is positioned on the +X (first X-direction) side of the first machining unit group 20. The second machining unit group 22 is symmetrical with respect to the YZ plane with respect to the first machining unit group 20. As shown in Figure 3, the third Y-base 303 may have a third fastening member 303a. The fourth Y-base 304 may have a fourth fastening member 304a.

[0037] As shown in Figure 4, the second lower X-axis drive unit 232 includes a lower X-axis helical rack 231a, a second lower X-axis motor 232b, and a second lower X-axis helical gear 232c. The second upper X-axis drive unit 252 includes an upper X-axis helical rack 252a, a second upper X-axis motor 252b, and a second upper X-axis helical gear 232c.

[0038] As shown in Figure 5, the third Y-axis drive unit 333 includes a second Y-axis helical rack 332a, a third Y-axis motor 333b, and a third Y-axis helical gear 333c. The fourth Y-axis drive unit 334 includes a second Y-axis helical rack 332a, a fourth Y-axis motor 334b, and a fourth Y-axis helical gear 334c.

[0039] The third machining unit 293 includes a third body 293a, a third ram 293b, and a third spindle 39c. The third machining unit 293 is detachably coupled to the third Y base 303. The fourth machining unit 294 is positioned in the -Y direction (first Y direction) of the third machining unit 293. The fourth machining unit 294 includes a fourth body 294a, a fourth ram 294b, and a fourth spindle 294c. The fourth machining unit 294 is detachably coupled to the fourth Y base 304. The third processing unit 293 and the fourth processing unit 294 are substantially identical to the first processing unit 291.

[0040] As shown in Figure 6, the bellows cover 40 includes a box cover 41, a first X box 431, a second X box 432, a first X bellows (first X retractable cover) 451, a second X bellows (second X retractable cover) 452, a third X bellows (third X retractable cover) 453, a first Y box 441, a second Y box 442, a third Y box 443, a fourth Y box 444, a first Y bellows (first Y retractable cover) 471, a second Y bellows (second Y retractable cover) 472, a third Y bellows (third Y retractable cover) 473, a fourth Y bellows (fourth Y retractable cover) 474, a fifth Y bellows (fifth Y retractable cover) 475, and a sixth Y bellows (sixth Y retractable cover) 476.

[0041] The box cover 41 is fixed to the fixed support column 15. The box cover 41 is box-shaped and has a large opening in the Z direction.

[0042] The first X box 431 is box-shaped, extending in the Y direction, and has a large opening in the Z direction. The first X box 431 is located inside the box cover 41 and reciprocates in the X direction. The second X box 432 is substantially identical to the first X box 431. The second X box 432 is located on the +X side of the first X box 431.

[0043] The first Y box 441 is box-shaped and is located inside the first X box 431. The first Y box 441 reciprocates in the Y direction. As shown in Figure 4, the first Y box 441 has a box hole 441a and a packing 441b. The first body 291a passes through the box hole 441a. The packing 441b seals the gap between the first body 291a and the first box hole 441a. The second Y-box 442 has a second box hole 442a and a second packing 442b. The second Y-box 442 is substantially identical to the first X-box 431. The third Y box 443 has a third box hole 443a and a third packing 443b. The third Y box 443 is substantially identical to the first X box 431. The fourth Y-box 444 has a fourth box hole 444a and a fourth packing 444b. The fourth Y-box 444 is substantially identical to the first X-box 431.

[0044] As shown in Figure 6, the first X bellows 451 is positioned inside the box cover 41 and connects the box cover 41 to the first X box 431. The first X bellows 451 expands and contracts as the first X box 431 moves back and forth. The second X bellows 452 is located inside the box cover 41 and connects the first X box 431 and the second X box 432. The second X bellows 452 expands and contracts as the first X box 431 and the second X box 432 move back and forth. The third X bellows 453 is located inside the box cover 41 and connects the box cover 41 to the second X box 432. The third X bellows 453 expands and contracts as the second X box 432 moves back and forth.

[0045] The first Y bellows 471 is located inside the first X box 431 and connects the first X box 431 and the first Y box 441. The first Y bellows 471 expands and contracts as the first Y box 441 moves back and forth. The second Y bellows 472 is located inside the first X box 431 and connects the first Y box 441 and the second Y box 442. The second Y bellows 472 expands and contracts as the first Y box 441 and the second Y box 442 move back and forth. The third Y bellows 473 is located inside the first X box 431 and connects the first X box 431 and the second Y box 442. The third Y bellows 473 expands and contracts as the second Y box 442 moves back and forth.

[0046] The fourth Y bellows 474 is located inside the second X box 432 and connects the second X box 432 to the third Y box 443. The fourth Y bellows 474 expands and contracts as the third Y box 443 moves back and forth. The fifth Y bellows 475 is located inside the second X box 432 and connects the third Y box 443 and the fourth Y box 444. The fifth Y bellows 475 expands and contracts as the third Y box 443 and the fourth Y box 444 move back and forth. The sixth Y bellows 476 is located inside the second X box 432 and connects the second X box 432 to the fourth Y box 444. The sixth Y bellows 476 expands and contracts as the fourth Y box 444 moves back and forth.

[0047] As shown in Figure 1, the first ATC 511 and the second ATC 512 are positioned on the -X side of the first machining unit group 20. The second ATC 512 is positioned in the -Y direction (first Y direction) of the first ATC 511.

[0048] As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the first ATC 511 includes a frame 501, a magazine cover (first magazine cover) 531, a magazine disc (first magazine disc) 551, a cam 571, a motor 561, a plurality of tool holders (first tool holders) 591, a shutter (first shutter) 731, and a rotating shaft 581. For convenience, Figure 7 shows the first ATC511 rotated 120 degrees counterclockwise from the state shown in Figure 1 when viewed from the front.

[0049] Frame 501 extends from sub-column 15b in the -X direction. Frame 501 supports the magazine disc 551, the magazine cover 531, the cam 571, and the motor 561. The motor 561 rotates the magazine disc 551.

[0050] The magazine cover 531 has a tool changing port (first tool changing port) 531a. The tool changing port 531a is located in the first X direction (+X) of the magazine cover 531. The tool changing port 531a is rectangular when viewed from the X direction. When viewed from the front (-Z direction), the tool changing port 531a is C-shaped and recessed in the -X direction.

[0051] The magazine disc 551 has a rotation axis 581. The magazine disc 551 rotates around the rotation axis 581. The magazine disc 551 is connected to a motor 561. The motor 561 positions either one of the tool holders 591 or the shutter centerline 7 to the tool change position 81.

[0052] The cam 571 is fixed to the frame 501. The cam 571 is a disc-shaped plate cam. The cam 571 has a contour curve 571a. The contour curve 571a is at an equal distance 571b from the rotation axis 581 in parts other than the tool change position 81. At the tool change position 81, the contour curve 571a is shorter by a stroke length 571c from the distance 571b.

[0053] The tool holder 591 has a tool holder 591a and a tool holder 591b. In Figure 7, the tool holder 591a is located at the tool change position 81. The tool holder 591b is located at a position other than the tool change position 81. The tool holder 591 is positioned on the outer circumference of the magazine disc 551. The tool holder 591 includes a pair of pinch levers 69, a pinch pin 70, a roller cam 71, a compression coil spring (first elastic body) 73, a key 72, a cylinder 61, a plunger 63, a compression coil spring (second elastic body) 67, and a cam follower 65. Hereinafter, the radially outer side of the magazine disc 551 will be referred to as the tip direction, and the radially inner side as the base end direction.

[0054] The pinch lever 69 has a claw portion 69a and a lever portion 69b. The claw portion 69a is the tip of the pinch lever 69. The claw portion 69a grips and holds the tool 1. The lever portion 69b is the base end of the pinch lever 69. The pair of pinch levers 69 are pivotably supported on the magazine disc 551 via a pinch pin 70. The pinch pin 70 supports the central portion of the pinch lever 69. A compression coil spring 73 is positioned between the pair of lever portions 69b and biases the lever portions 69b to pull them apart from each other. A roller cam 71 is positioned at the base end of the lever portion 69b. The roller cam 71 may be omitted. The compression coil spring 73 may also be omitted.

[0055] The key 72 is positioned between a pair of pinch levers 69. The key 72 is secured to the magazine disc 551. The key 72 is inserted into the keyway 1b when the pinch levers 69 hold the tool 1.

[0056] The cylinder 61 has a cylinder chamber 61a and a rod hole 61b. The cylinder 61 is, for example, prismatic. The cylinder 61 is positioned on the magazine disc 551. The cylinder chamber 61a extends radially across the magazine disc 551. The rod hole 61b is located at the base end of the cylinder 61 and is connected to the cylinder chamber 61a.

[0057] The plunger 63 has a V-surface 63a, a piston 63c, and a rod 63b. The plunger 63 reciprocates radially within the cylinder 61. The piston 63c slides within the cylinder chamber 61a. The V-surface 63a is located at the tip of the piston 63c. The V-surface 63a abuts against the roller cam 71. The rod 63b is connected to the base end of the piston 63c and passes through the rod hole 61b. A cam follower 65 is located at the base end of the rod 63b.

[0058] The compression coil spring 67 is positioned within the cylinder chamber 61a. The compression coil spring 67 biases the piston 63c toward the tip.

[0059] The shutter 731 is positioned on the magazine disc 551. The shutter 731 is rectangular when viewed radially. When viewed from the front (-Z direction), the shutter 731 is C-shaped, with the central part recessed radially inward. The shutter 731 and the tool holder 591 rotate together with the magazine disc 551. At the machining position 5 (see Figure 1), the shutter centerline 7, which connects the center of the shutter 731 and the center of the rotation axis 581, passes through the tool change position 81. When the shutter 731 is at the machining position 5, when viewed from the Z direction, the shape of the shutter 731 matches the shape of the tool change opening 531a. The shutter 731 covers almost the entire surface of the tool change opening 531a. As the magazine disc 551 rotates, the shutter 731 is retracted into the magazine cover 531.

[0060] This document explains how to use the first ATC511. The tool holder 591b has a cam follower 65 in contact with the cam 571. Therefore, the plunger 63 cannot move in the central direction. The V-surface 63a of the plunger 63 is in contact with the roller cam 71. Furthermore, the plunger 63 is biased toward the tip by the spring 67. Therefore, the pinch lever 69 is biased toward the closing direction. Consequently, the tool 1 held by the tool holder 591b is prevented from coming out of the tool holder 591b.

[0061] Referring to Figures 7 and 8, the method by which the first spindle 291c transfers the tool 1 mounted on the first spindle 291c to the tool holder 591 will be explained. As shown in Figure 7, the first spindle 291c is initially stopped so that the keyway 1b faces the -X direction. Next, the first spindle 291c moves in the -X direction along arrow 3 to the tool change position 81. At this time, as shown by the dashed line in Figure 7, the pinch lever 69 contacts the flange portion (not shown) of the tool 1 and is pushed open. The contour curve 571a is recessed by a stroke length 571c in the +X direction. Therefore, the plunger 63 moves towards the base end along arrow 4 against the elastic force of the spring 67. Then, as the plunger 63 moves, the pinch lever 69 opens once. When the first spindle 291c arrives at the tool change position 81, the key 72 is inserted into the keyway 1b. Then, the plunger 63 is pushed back towards the tip by the spring 67. This closes the claw portion 69a, and the pinch lever 69 holds the tool 1.

[0062] Next, as shown in Figure 8, the first spindle 291c moves in the +Z direction along arrow 5. As the first spindle 291c moves, the unclamping device 291f unclams the tool 1. This causes the tool 1 to be removed from the first spindle hole 291e. Then, the tool 1 is transferred from the first spindle 291c to the first ATC 511.

[0063] When the first ATC 511 transfers tool 1 to the first spindle 291c, the procedure for the exchange method described above is performed in reverse. That is, in Figure 8, the first spindle 291c moves in the opposite direction of arrow 5 (-Z direction), and the unclamping device 291f clamps tool 1. Next, in Figure 7, the first spindle 291c moves in the opposite direction of arrow 3 (+X direction).

[0064] As shown in Figures 1 and 7, the second ATC 512 includes a frame 502, a magazine cover (first magazine cover) 532, a magazine disc (first magazine disc) 552, a cam 572, a motor 562 (see Figure 8), a plurality of tool holders (first tool holders) 592, and a shutter (first shutter) 732. The magazine cover 532 has a tool changing port (first tool changing port) 532a. The second ATC 512 is substantially identical to the first ATC 511. The magazine cover 532 is integrated with the magazine cover 531.

[0065] As shown in Figure 1, the third ATC 513 and the fourth ATC 514 are positioned on the +X side of the second machining unit group 22. The third ATC 513 and the fourth ATC 514 are symmetrical with respect to the YZ plane with respect to the first ATC 511 and the second ATC 512. The fourth ATC 514 is positioned in the -Y direction (first Y direction) of the third ATC 513. When the third spindle 293c exchanges the third ATC 513 with tool 1, the third spindle 293c moves in the +X direction to the tool exchange position 83. At this time, the fourth spindle 294c moves to the tool exchange position 84 in the XY plane.

[0066] As shown in Figures 1 and 7, the third ATC 513 includes a frame 503, a magazine cover (second magazine cover) 533, a magazine disc (second magazine disc) 553, a cam 573, a motor 563, a plurality of tool holders (second tool holders) 593, and a shutter (second shutter) 733. The magazine cover 533 has a tool changing port (second tool changing port) 533a. The fourth ATC 514 includes a frame 504, a magazine cover (second magazine cover) 534, a magazine disc (second magazine disc) 554, a cam 574, a motor 564, a plurality of tool holders (second tool holders) 594, and a shutter (second shutter) 734. The magazine cover 534 has a tool changing port (second tool changing port) 534a. The magazine cover 534 is integrated with the magazine cover 533.

[0067] The horizontal processing machine 10 of this embodiment produces the following effects. The bellows cover 40 has a first X box 431 and two Y boxes 441 and 442. When the first X box 431 is tilted, its movement is hindered, and wear on the first X bellows 451 and the second X bellows 452 is accelerated. In contrast, in this embodiment, two Y-boxes 441 and 442 are supported by a first body 291a and a second body 292a, respectively. The first body 291a and the second body 292a are guided by a first Y-axis guide 271. Therefore, when the first spindle 291c and the second spindle 292c move freely in the XYZ directions, the first body 291a and the second body 292a are positioned parallel to the Y-axis. This prevents the first X-box 431 from tilting from the Y-direction. As a result, the movement of the first X-box 431 becomes smoother. In addition, wear on the first X-bellows 451 and the second X-bellows 452 is suppressed. The second X-box 432 is also substantially identical to the first X-box 431.

[0068] The tool change port 531a and the shutter 731 are recessed in the -X direction when viewed from the Z direction. Therefore, when the shutter 731 is in the machining position 5, the first spindle 291c can move to the tool change position 81. The first machining unit 291 and the second machining unit 292 are both positioned on the first moving column 211. When the first spindle 291c exchanges the first ATC 511 with tool 1, the first spindle 291c moves to the tool exchange position 81. At the same time, the second spindle 292c moves to the tool exchange position 83. When the first spindle 291c exchanges the first ATC 511 with tool 1, the second spindle 292c can simultaneously exchange the second ATC 512 with tool 1. Furthermore, when the first spindle 291c exchanges the first ATC and tool 1, but the second spindle 292c does not exchange the second ATC 512 and tool 1, the shutter 732 is located at the machining position 5. At this time, the tool exchange opening 532a and the shutter 732 are recessed in the -X direction when viewed from the Z direction. Therefore, the second spindle 292c does not collide with the second ATC 512. Even when the second spindle 292c exchanges tool 1 with the second ATC 512, and the first spindle 291c does not exchange tool 1 with the first ATC 511, the first spindle 291c does not collide with the first ATC 511. The relationship between the third spindle 293c and the fourth spindle 294c and the third ATC 513 and the fourth ATC 514 is substantially the same as the relationship between the first spindle 291c and the second spindle 292c and the first ATC 511 and the second ATC 512.

[0069] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention. All technical matters included in the technical concept described in the claims are covered by the present invention. The embodiments described above are preferred examples, but those skilled in the art can realize various alternatives, modifications, variations, or improvements from the contents disclosed herein, and these are included in the technical scope described in the appended claims. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0070] 1 tool 11 beds 13 Floor X-axis guide 211 First Mobile Column 271 First Y-axis guide 291 First Processing Unit 291b 1st Ram 291c 1st spindle 292 Second Processing Unit 292b Second Ram 292c 2nd spindle 40. Bellows-type cover (stretchable cover) 41 Box Cover 431 The first Xbox 441 1st Y Box 442 2nd Y Box 451 1X bellows (1X stretchable cover) 471 First Y bellows (First Y expandable cover) 472 2nd Y bellows (2nd Y telescopic cover) 473 Third Y bellows (Third Y expandable cover) 511 First ATC (First Tool Exchange Unit) 512 Second ATC (Second Tool Exchange Unit) 81 Tool 1 position swap 82. Tool 2 swap positions

Claims

1. A bed and A floor surface X-axis guide positioned on the upper surface of the bed, A first moving column is guided by the floor surface X-axis guide and reciprocates in the X-axis direction, A first Y-axis guide positioned on the first moving column, A first machining unit that is guided by the first Y-axis guide and reciprocates in the Y-axis direction, the first machining unit having a first ram that rotatably supports the first spindle and moves back and forth in the Z-axis direction, A second machining unit, guided by the first Y-axis guide and reciprocating in the Y-axis direction, having a second ram that rotatably supports a second spindle and moves back and forth in the Z-axis direction, A first tool changing device that changes the first spindle and tool in the first tool changing position, A second tool changer that exchanges the tool with the second spindle, which is in the second tool change position, when the first spindle is in the first tool change position, It has, The second processing unit is positioned in the first Y direction of the first processing unit, The second tool changing device is positioned in the first Y direction of the first tool changing device, The first tool changer and the second tool changer are, A first magazine cover having a first tool exchange port opening in the first X direction, A first magazine disk rotatably supported within the first magazine cover, A plurality of first tool holders arranged on the outer circumference for holding the tool, A first shutter, housed within the first magazine cover, closes the first tool exchange port as the first magazine disc rotates, A first magazine disc having, Having, Horizontal machining center.

2. A second moving column is positioned in the first X direction of the first moving column, guided by the floor surface X-axis guide, and reciprocates in the X-axis direction, A second Y-axis guide positioned on the second moving column, A third machining unit guided by the second Y-axis guide and reciprocating in the Y-axis direction, the third machining unit having a third ram that rotatably supports a third spindle and moves back and forth in the Z-axis direction, A fourth machining unit guided by the second Y-axis guide and reciprocating in the Y-axis direction, the fourth machining unit having a fourth ram that rotatably supports the fourth spindle and moves back and forth in the Z-axis direction, A third tool changer is positioned in the first X direction of the second moving column and exchanges the tool with the third spindle which is in the third tool change position, A fourth tool changer that, when the third spindle is in the third tool change position, exchanges the tool with the fourth spindle which is in the fourth tool change position, It further possesses, The first tool changer and the second tool changer are positioned in the second X direction, which is the opposite direction to the first X direction, with respect to the first moving column. The horizontal processing machine according to claim 1.

3. The fourth processing unit is positioned in the first Y direction of the third processing unit, The fourth tool changer is positioned in the first Y direction of the third tool changer, The horizontal processing machine according to claim 2.

4. The aforementioned third tool changer and the aforementioned fourth tool changer are, A second magazine cover having a second tool exchange port that opens in the 2X direction, A second magazine disc rotatably supported within the second magazine cover, Multiple second tool holders for holding the tool on the outer circumference, A second shutter, housed within the second magazine cover, closes the second tool exchange port as the second magazine disc rotates, A second magazine disc having, Having, The horizontal processing machine according to claim 2.

5. The first Y-axis guide is positioned laterally to the first X-direction of the first moving column, The first processing unit and the second processing unit are arranged to the side of the first moving column in the first X direction, The second Y-axis guide is positioned laterally to the second X-direction of the second moving column, The third processing unit and the fourth processing unit are arranged to the side of the second moving column in the second X direction. The horizontal processing machine according to claim 2.

6. The first magazine cover is recessed in the direction of the central axis of the first magazine disc when viewed from the Z-axis direction, at the first and second tool changing positions. When the first shutter is in a position to close the first tool changing port, it is recessed in the direction of the central axis of the first magazine disk when viewed from the Z-axis direction, so as to match the shape of the first magazine cover. The horizontal processing machine according to claim 1.

7. The second magazine cover, in the third and fourth tool changing positions, is recessed in the direction of the central axis of the second magazine disc when viewed from the Z-axis direction, When the second shutter is in a position to close the second tool changing port, it is recessed in the direction of the central axis of the second magazine disc when viewed from the Z-axis direction, so as to match the shape of the second magazine cover. The horizontal processing machine according to claim 4.

8. The first tool changer and the second tool changer are, respectively, In the first to fourth tool changing positions, a disc-shaped cam has a contour curve that is recessed by the stroke length, Each of the first tool holding parts is, A pinch lever pivotably supported on the first magazine disk, The tip is positioned and has a claw portion that grips the tool, It has a roller cam and a lever portion located at the base end, A pinch lever having, A first elastic body that biases the lever portion in a direction that pushes it open, A cylinder having a cylinder chamber and positioned on the first magazine disk, A plunger that reciprocates within the cylinder chamber, A V-shaped surface that contacts the roller cam and is positioned at the tip, A cam follower positioned at the base end, A plunger having, A second elastic body biases the plunger toward the tip, pressing the V-surface against the roller cam to close the pinch lever, It has, When the first tool holder is in a position other than the first and second tool exchange positions, the cam follower contacts the cam, and the pinch lever does not open. When the first tool holder is in the first and second tool exchange positions, the plunger retracts by the stroke length, the pinch lever opens, and the tool can be exchanged with the first and second spindles. The horizontal processing machine according to claim 2.

Images