Multi-component spray misting contamination removal system

Abstract

A multi-configuration spray mist contamination removal control system that controls hardware designed to clean a substantially enclosed space of microorganisms. The control system utilizes a plurality of application subsystems to provide contamination removal capabilities. The control system is designed for local and remote operation. The control system can be operated automatically or manually. The control system is scalable for different numbers of sensors and contamination removal applicators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Cross - reference to related applications

[0001] This application claims the priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 339,832, filed on May 9, 2022.

[0002]

[0002] This application generally relates to multi - configuration systems for removing contaminants from articles, enclosed spaces, and unenclosed spaces, and more particularly, to removing microbiological contaminants in such locations.

Background Art

[0003]

[0003] Microbial species are widely distributed in our environment. Most microbial species cause little problem as they do not harm other organisms. However, other microbial species can infect humans or animals and cause harm to them. The removal of microorganisms and the decontamination of articles and spaces therefrom have long been of interest. Drugs and medical devices are sterilized and packaged in sterile containers. Medical environments, such as operating rooms, hospital wards, and examination rooms, are decontaminated by various cleaning procedures so that the microorganisms of concern cannot spread between patients.

[0004]

[0004] Many available techniques for controlling microorganisms are valuable in the context of biological warfare and bioterrorism. Furthermore, existing decontamination techniques have limited effectiveness in enclosed environments.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005]

[0005] Addressing the timing, duration, and control of decontamination processes is technically challenging. Control systems often rely on many people on-site to monitor and implement the decontamination process. Furthermore, systems for controlling decontamination processes are neither scalable nor modular. As a result, decontamination processes typically require redesign of system controls depending on the nature of the decontamination process. Considering the above, there is an urgent need for a scalable and modular system that can provide a highly time-conscious and environmentally conscious control of the decontamination process, even when no people are present on-site. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006]

[0006] One aspect of the present application is a multi-configuration system for decontamination, comprising a general-purpose computer, a sensor package, one or more control boards, one or more applicators, and an operator device, wherein the general-purpose computer is networked to the sensor package by one or more control boards, the sensor package is capable of detecting the presence of microorganisms, the sensor package is networked to one or more applicators, one or more applicators are configured to apply a decontamination process to remove microorganisms, the operator device is networked to the general-purpose computer via an application programming interface (API) gateway, the operator device displays a network interface to the operator, and the API gateway provides access to a system controller.

[0007]

[0007] In a particular embodiment, the system controller comprises a set of subsystems linked to the system controller by a bidirectional interface, the set of subsystems comprising: a warning subsystem which, when a sensor package detects the presence of microorganisms, then warns the operator by display on the network interface; and a device driver subsystem which connects to the sensor package and the applicator via a one-way interface.

[0008]

[0008] In certain embodiments, the system is manually controlled by one or more individuals via an operator device. In certain embodiments, the system is under event-driven control by a system controller, which receives a warning about the presence of microorganisms. In certain embodiments, the system is under remote control by one or more individuals via an operator device. In certain embodiments, the applicator initiates a decontamination cycle when it receives a command from the system controller via a device driver subsystem. In certain embodiments, the set of subsystems further comprises an event subsystem. In certain embodiments, the set of subsystems further comprises a reporting subsystem. In certain embodiments, the set of subsystems further comprises a configuration subsystem. In certain embodiments, the set of subsystems further comprises a software development kit. In certain embodiments, the sensor package comprises one or more control boards, which are networked to the sensor and networked to a general-purpose computer. In certain embodiments, the sensor is one or more selected from the group comprising an optical sensor, a voltick sensor, a weight sensor, a moisture sensor, and a pressure sensor. In certain embodiments, the general-purpose computer comprises a single computer control board.

[0009]

[0009] One aspect of the present application is a step of detecting the presence of microorganisms in a substantially enclosed space, wherein the presence of microorganisms is sensed by one or more sensors located in the substantially enclosed space; a step of alerting a system controller to the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the system controller is network-connected to one or more sensors; a step of notifying an operator device of the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the operator device is network-connected to the system controller; and a step of initiating a decontamination process to remove the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the decontamination process is network-connected to the system controller. A non-temporary, tangible, computer-readable medium comprising a routine of setting instructions for decontaminating a substantially enclosed space, the system controller initiating the decontamination process by one or more applicators after the event subsystem instructs the system subsystem to start the decontamination process, and the event subsystem initiating the decontamination process after one or more sensors detect the presence of a particular microorganism, comprising a set of instructions for decontaminating a substantially enclosed space, the system controller initiating the decontamination process by one or more applicators, and the event subsystem initiating the decontamination process after one or more sensors detect the presence of a particular microorganism, and a non-temporary, tangible, computer-readable medium comprising a routine of setting instructions for decontaminating a substantially enclosed space, the system controller initiating the decontamination process by one or more applicators, and the event subsystem initiating the decontamination process after one or more sensors detect the presence of a particular microorganism.

[0010]

[0010] In certain embodiments, a particular microorganism is a pathogen. In certain embodiments, the pathogen is a targeted bioterrorist agent. In certain embodiments, the targeted bioterrorist agent is selected from the group consisting of anthrax (Bacillus anthrax), plague (Bacillus yersi), and tularemia (Bacillus tularensis). In certain embodiments, the operator device is wirelessly networked to the system controller.

[0011]

[0011] One aspect of the present application is a method for controlling the decontamination of a substantially enclosed space, comprising detecting the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the presence of microorganisms is sensed by one or more sensors present in the substantially enclosed space; warning a system controller of the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the system controller is networked to one or more sensors; and notifying an operator device of the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the operator device is networked to the system controller. A method comprising initiating a decontamination process to remove the presence of, wherein the decontamination process is applied by one or more applicators networked to a system controller, and further, one or more applicators are located in a substantially enclosed space, and further, after either (1) an operating device instructs the decontamination process to be initiated, or (2) an event subsystem instructs the decontamination process to be initiated, the system controller initiates the decontamination process by one or more applicators, wherein the event subsystem is a non-temporary, tangible, computer-readable medium as described herein.

[0012]

[0012] In a particular embodiment, the artificial structure is an office building. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0013] [Figure 1]

[0013] This figure shows the architecture of the system components and their relationships. [Figure 2]

[0014] This is a diagram showing the layered architecture of the system. [Figure 3]

[0015] This figure shows exemplary embodiments of the end-user interface and the administrator interface. [Figure 4]

[0016] This diagram shows a high-level computer system architecture. [Figure 5]

[0017] This is a diagram showing the organizational block diagram of the application runtime. [Figure 6]

[0018] This figure shows the event state change design for the device driver subsystem. [Figure 7]

[0019] This diagram shows a system flowchart. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0014]

[0020] This disclosure will be described in detail here, in relation to exemplary embodiments, but will not be limited by the specific embodiments shown in the figures and appended claims.

[0015]

[0021] The following detailed description is provided to enable those skilled in the art to construct and use the present invention. For illustrative purposes, certain scientific names are given to provide a complete understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not necessary to carry out the invention. Specific aspects and exemplary embodiments of this application are given in detail, and accompanying structural and illustrative examples are shown. Aspects of this application are described in conjunction with exemplary embodiments, including methods, materials, and examples, and such descriptions are not limiting, and the scope of this application is intended to encompass all equivalents, substitutes, and modifications that are generally known or incorporated herein. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. Those skilled in the art will recognize many similar or equivalent technologies and materials described herein that may be used in carrying out the aspects and embodiments of this application. The aspects and embodiments described herein are not limited to the methods and materials described herein.

[0016] definition

[0022] As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.

[0017]

[0023] As used herein, the term "decontaminate" or "decontamination" means to act to neutralize or remove pathogens from an area or article.

[0018]

[0024] As used herein, the term "microorganism" or "pathogen" includes, but is not limited to, bacteria, fungi, yeast, protozoa, viruses, or other microorganisms. The term "pathogen" also encompasses targeted biological warfare agents.

[0019]

[0025] As used herein, the term “bacteria” means a member of a large group of single-celled microorganisms that have a cell wall but lack organelles and an organized nucleus. Synonyms for bacteria may include the terms “microorganism,” “microbe,” “germ,” “rod-shaped bacteria,” and “prokaryotes.” Exemplary bacteria include, but are not limited to, Mycobacterium species, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Staphylococcus species, including S. epidermidis, S. staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin-resistant S. staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus species, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Group A hemolytic streptococcus, S. mutans, S. agalactie, S. equii, S. caninis, S. bovis, S. equinus, S. anguinosus, S. sanguis, S. salivarius, S. mitis; and E. faecalis and Other pathogenic streptococcal species, including Enterococcus species such as E. faecium; Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa species, including P. pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. pseudomonas malayi, and P. pseudomonas malayi; Salmonella species, including S. enteritis, S. tiphimurcium, S. enteritidis, S. bongoli, and Bovine cholera; Shigella species, including S. flexneri, S. sonei, S. decenteria, and S. boydi; Brucella species, including B. mellensis, B. suisse, B. avoltus, and Bordetella pertussis Neisseria species including Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Escherichia coli including enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC); Moraxella species including Vibrio cholerae, Helicobacter pylori, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Clostridium difficile, Cryptococcus neoformans, and M. catarrhalis; Campylobacter species including C. jejuni; C. diphtheriae, C. ulcerans, C. pseudotuberculosis, Pseudodiphtheriae, and Ureari Corynebacterium species including Cycum, C. haemolyticum, and C. equii; Listeria monocytogenes, Nocardia asteroides, Bacteroides species, Actinomycetes species, Treponema pallidum, Leptospirosa species, Klebsiella pneumoniae; Proteus species including Proteus vulgaris; Yersinia species including Serratia species, Acinetobacter, Plague bacillus and Mycobacterium pseudotuberculosis; Tularemia bacillus, Enterobacter species, Bacteroides species, Legionella species, Borrelia burgdorferi, etc.As used herein, the term “targeted bioterrorism agent” includes, but is not limited to, anthrax (Bacillus anthrax), plague (Bacillus plagueus), and tularemia (Bacillus tularensis).

[0020]

[0026] As used herein, the term "virus" may include, but is not limited to, influenza viruses, herpesviruses, polioviruses, noroviruses, and retroviruses. Examples of viruses include, but are not limited to, human immunodeficiency viruses types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2), human T-cell lymphotropic viruses types 1 and 2 (HTLV-I and HTLV-II), hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis delta virus (HDV), hepatitis E virus (HEV), hepatitis G virus (HGV), parvovirus B19 virus, hepatitis A virus, hepatitis G virus, hepatitis E virus, transfusion-transmitting viruses ( TTV), Epstein-Barr virus, human cytomegalovirus type 1 (HCMV-1), human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV-6), human herpesvirus type 7 (HHV-7), human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8), influenza A virus including subtypes H1N1 and H5N1, human metanium virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus, hantavirus, and RNA viruses of the Arenaviridae family (e.g., Lassa fever virus (LFV)), pneumovirus Viridae (e.g., human metapneumovirus), Filoviridae (e.g., Ebola virus (EBOV), Marburg virus (MBGV), and Zika virus); Bunyaviridae (e.g., Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), and Hantavirus); Flaviviridae (West Nile virus (WNV), SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, dengue fever virus (DENV), yellow fever virus (YFV), GB virus C (GBV) -C; formerly known as hepatitis G virus (HGV); rotaviridae (e.g., rotavirus), and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the subject is infected with HIV-1 or HIV-2. As used herein, the term “fungus” means any member of the group of eukaryotes, typically filamentous organisms, that produce saprophytic and parasitic spores, previously classified as plants lacking chlorophyll, and includes molds, rust fungi, white molds, smut fungi, mushrooms, and yeasts.Exemplary fungi include, but are not limited to, Aspergillus species, dermatophytes, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Candida species including C. albicans and C. krusei; Malassezia furfur, Exophiala werneckii, Piedraia hortae, Trichosporon beigelii, Scytalidium boydii, Madurella grisea, Histoplasma capsulatum, Sporothrix schenckii, Histoplasma capsulatum, vitiligo, tinea pedis, onychomycosis, tinea cruris, tinea corporis, tinea faciei, tinea barbae, and other dermatophyte species; T. rubra, T. interdigitale, T. tonsurans, T. violaceum, T. yaoundei, T. schoenleinii, T. megninii, T. soudanense, T. aequinum, T. erinaceum, and T. verrucosum, and other Trichophyton species; Mycoplasma genitalium; Microsporum species including M. audouinii, M. ferrugineum, M. canis, M. nanum, M. distortum, M. gypseum, M. fulvum, and the like.

[0021]

[0027] As used herein, the term "protozoa" refers to any member of a diverse group of eukaryotes that are primarily unicellular, exist singly or aggregated into colonies, are usually non-photosynthetic, and are often further classified into phyla according to their motility and means of locomotion, such as pseudopods, flagella, or cilia. Exemplary protozoa include, but are not limited to, malaria parasite species such as Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium quartan, Leishmania species including L. major, Leishmania tropica, L. donovani, L. infantum, L. chagasi, L. mexicana, L. panamensis, L. braziliensis, and L. guyanensis; Cryptosporidium, Isospora belli, Toxoplasma gondii, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Cyclospora species.

[0022]

[0028] As used herein, the term “article” means any solid article or object that may be susceptible to contamination by pathogens. As used herein, the term “substantially enclosed space” means any substantially enclosed room, tent, building, or any artificial structure that may be susceptible to contamination by pathogens. The term “substantially enclosed space” is not limited to artificial structures, even though the embodiments described herein may preferably target the decontamination of artificial structures (for example, a depression or natural tunnel is also a substantially enclosed space).

[0023]

[0029] As used herein, the term “sensor” can refer to any type of sensor suitable for detecting contamination on a device, on a surface, or in a substantially enclosed space. Examples of sensors include, but are not limited to, optical sensors, Voltic sensors, gravimetric sensors, moisture sensors, pressure sensors, or any type of biosensor.

[0024]

[0030] As used herein, “enclosed space” means any chamber, container, or space that can be decontaminated by the systems of this disclosure. Examples of enclosed spaces include, but are not limited to, any chambers, sanitary chambers (such as gynoprobe cabinets), biosafety cabinets, glove boxes, research hoods, and clinical spaces routinely used to operate highly controlled research projects / spaces.

[0025]

[0031] As used herein, “computer” may refer to a general-purpose computer or a dedicated device built to perform one or more specific purposes on its own.

[0026]

[0032] As used herein, “applicator” may be any form of device capable of performing a decontamination process. In certain embodiments, the applicator applies the decontamination process by spraying a mist onto a substantially enclosed space.

[0027]

[0033] One aspect of this application relates to a multi-configuration system for decontamination, comprising one or more sensors, one or more applicators, and a system controller, wherein when one or more sensors detect the presence of microorganisms, the system controller instructs one or more applicators to initiate a decontamination process.

[0028]

[0034] One aspect of the present application relates to a multi-configuration system for decontamination, comprising a general-purpose computer, a sensor package, one or more control boards, one or more applicators, and an operator device, wherein the general-purpose computer is networked to the sensor package by one or more control boards, the sensor package is capable of detecting the presence of microorganisms, the sensor package is networked to one or more applicators, the applicators are capable of applying a decontamination process to remove microorganisms, the operator device is networked to the general-purpose computer via an application programming interface (API) gateway, the operator device displays the network interface to the operator, and the API gateway provides access to a system controller. In a particular embodiment, the system controller comprises a set of subsystems linked to the system controller by a bidirectional interface, the set of subsystems being a warning subsystem which, when the sensor package detects the presence of microorganisms, then warns the operator by a display on the network interface, and a device driver subsystem which is networked to the sensor package and applicators by a unidirectional interface.

[0029]

[0035] In certain embodiments, the system is manually controlled by one or more individuals via an operator device. In other embodiments, the system is event-driven controlled by a system controller, which receives alerts for the presence of pathogens in the environment. In specific embodiments, the system is under remote control by one or more individuals via an operator device. In further embodiments, an applicator initiates a decontamination cycle when it receives a command from the system controller via a device driver subsystem. In certain embodiments, the set of subsystems further comprises an event subsystem. In certain embodiments, the set of subsystems further comprises a reporting subsystem. In certain embodiments, the set of subsystems further comprises a configuration subsystem. In certain embodiments, the set of subsystems further comprises a software development kit. In certain embodiments, the sensor package comprises one or more control boards linked to the sensor and linked to a general-purpose computer. In certain embodiments, the sensor is one or more selected from the group comprising an optical sensor, a voltick sensor, a weight sensor, a moisture sensor, and a pressure sensor. In certain embodiments, the general-purpose computer comprises a single computer control board.

[0030]

[0036] Another aspect of this application is a step of detecting the presence of microorganisms in a substantially enclosed space, wherein the presence of microorganisms is sensed by one or more sensors located in the substantially enclosed space; a step of alerting a system controller of the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the system controller is networked to one or more sensors; a step of notifying an operator device of the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the operator device is networked to the system controller; and a step of initiating a decontamination process to remove the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the decontamination process is networked to one or more sensors located in the system controller. The present invention relates to a non-temporary, tangible, computer-readable medium, which includes instructions for decontaminating a substantially enclosed space, comprising a routine of setup instructions that causes a multi-configuration system for decontamination to perform the steps of: being applied by multiple applicators, and further comprising a routine of setup instructions that causes a system controller to start the decontamination process by one or more applicators after an event subsystem instructs the system controller to start the decontamination process by one or more applicators, and the event subsystem to start the decontamination process after one or more sensors detect the presence of a particular microorganism, and further comprising a non-temporary, tangible, computer-readable medium, which includes instructions for decontaminating a substantially enclosed space, comprising a routine of setup instructions that causes a system controller to start the decontamination process by one or more applicators, and after the event subsystem has detected the presence of a particular microorganism, a set of instructions for causing one or more applicators to start the decontamination process.

[0031]

[0037] Further aspects of this application relate to a method for controlling the decontamination of a substantially enclosed space, comprising detecting the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, the presence of microorganisms being sensed by one or more sensors present in the substantially enclosed space, warning a system controller of the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, the system controller being networked to one or more sensors, notifying an operator device of the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, the operator device being networked to the system controller, and removing the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space. The method further includes initiating a decontamination process, which is applied by one or more applicators network-connected to a system controller, and further includes the one or more applicators being located within a substantially enclosed space, and further includes the step of (1) instructing an operating device to initiate a decontamination process, or (2) instructing an event subsystem to initiate a decontamination process, wherein the system controller initiates the decontamination process by one or more applicators, and the event subsystem is a non-temporary, tangible, computer-readable medium containing instructions for decontaminating a substantially enclosed space.

[0032] System Architecture

[0038] One aspect of this application is a multi-component spray misting contaminant removal control system. The control system is a multi-component application that controls hardware. The control system utilizes multiple application subsystems to perform its functions. The control system is designed for local and remote operation and uses a small application runtime controlled by a front-end web experience.

[0033]

[0039] The control system is designed to run independently or to be connected to a network. Connectivity to the control system is facilitated using IP connectivity via wireless (WiFi / Bluetooth) or wired connections. IP addressing is configurable at the operating system level via a browser interface. Control system operation is managed by an application runtime, a system controller, and a web service layer. System components may include mobile and web application frameworks, an input / output (I / O) Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructure, user authentication and identity management, a high-speed web server, a high-speed JavaScript web runtime, a node package manager, and a general-purpose operating system (e.g., Linux).

[0034]

[0040] In exemplary embodiments, the computer system includes memory, a processor, and optionally, a secondary storage device. In some embodiments, the computer system includes multiple processors and is configured as multiple, for example, a blade server or other known server configuration. In certain embodiments, the computer system also includes an input device, a display device, and an output device. In some embodiments, the memory includes RAM or a similar type of memory. In certain embodiments, the memory stores one or more applications for execution by the processor. In some embodiments, the secondary storage device includes a hard disk drive, a floppy disk drive, a CD-ROM or DVD drive, or other types of non-volatile data storage devices. In certain embodiments, the processor executes applications that are stored in memory or secondary storage devices, or received from the Internet or other networks. In some embodiments, the processing by the processor may be performed by software, such as a software module, for execution by a computer or other machine. These applications preferably include executable instructions for performing the functions and methods described herein. The applications preferably provide a GUI that allows a user to browse and interact with the applications. In other embodiments, the system includes remote access for controlling and / or browsing the system.

[0035]

[0041] The control system is a computer-implemented control system that can send decontamination processes to rooms and other areas using various applicators, and Figure 1 shows one embodiment of the architecture of the system components and their relationships. In this embodiment, the control system utilizes a general-purpose computer. The control system is operated by a general-purpose computer. A general-purpose computer does not require dedicated hardware and provides maximum flexibility in programming languages, development environments, and software and accessory support. Furthermore, a general-purpose computer provides reliable I / O, an easily installable operating environment, and the lowest cost.

[0036]

[0042] A general-purpose computer interfaces with sensors, event signals, and decontamination solution applicators via multiple control boards. Those skilled in the art will understand that the number of applicators does not limit the system. In one embodiment, the system uses up to 20 applicators. However, other embodiments may use up to 5, 10, 15, 30, 40, 50, 100 applicators, and so on. The number of applicators used is ultimately determined by the scale of the required decontamination project; for example, a decontamination system suitable for a large multi-story office building may have multiple applicators on each floor. The control system described herein supports all configurations and supports individual manual operation, event-driven control, and remote control operation. In a preferred embodiment, the applicator uses binary ionization technology for decontamination, which uses a high-voltage current to ionize hydrogen peroxide and decontaminate the area. Applicators are available as portable units for surface decontamination using handheld applicators, as environmental units that are cased and transportable devices, and as fixed units that are centrally installed and controlled in substantially enclosed spaces (e.g., within an office building or laboratory).

[0037]

[0043] A general-purpose computer is networked to an operator device and a local administrator workstation. The operation of the control system can be controlled using any operator device equipped with a suitable web browser. In certain embodiments, the operator device may be physically integrated with the general-purpose computer (2). In other embodiments, the operator device may be remotely linked to the general-purpose computer by a wireless network connection. In certain embodiments, the control system is designed to be remotely operated via its web application. The application software is designed to be extensible by exposing a software development kit (SDK) that can be used to build extension applications without requiring software redeployment. The SDK provides the ability to access the control system using Representational State Transfer (RESTful) web services to support remote and custom applications.

[0038]

[0044] In some embodiments, the local administrator workstation is directly networked to a general-purpose computer via appropriate cables. In other embodiments, the local administrator workstation may be remotely linked to the general-purpose computer. In certain embodiments, the local administrator workstation may not be included, or in alternative embodiments, an operator device may be used as the local administrator workstation. The general-purpose computer is also connected to a third-party administrator workstation via an internet connection, which may be used by a third party responsible for maintaining the control system and overseeing decontamination operations. In certain embodiments, the third-party administrator workstation is not included, or in alternative embodiments, the third-party administrator workstation is an operator device. The general-purpose computer is also connected to inventory servers, analysis servers, and application servers via an internet connection.

[0039]

[0045] In one embodiment, the control system runs on a general-purpose computer on a single board (circuit board) with embedded RAM, I / O, and a chipset. In a particular embodiment, the general-purpose computer consists of a single circuit board that can be easily mounted in a container.

[0040]

[0046] The control system interfaces with several sensors, switches, and event-driven mechanisms. In one embodiment, the computer hardware design incorporates a control board for the sensor package. The applicator connects to a general-purpose computer via the sensor package. The sensor package is controlled using a ready-made control board having multiple general-purpose I / O ports (GPIOs) that can be used to interface with multiple devices. The board is designed to support the Internet of Things (IoT) and can be easily flashed with custom software or controlled externally. The control board interfaces with the control system via USB and is controlled using a dedicated serial driver loaded by the operating system. The control board is programmable so that it can be easily configured to support data from most conceivable sensors providing flow meters, temperature, humidity, light levels, and voltage, pulse, frequency, digital, or current outputs. It can also provide digital and analog outputs, as well as PWM (pulse-width modulation) outputs for controlling many types of actuators (e.g., decontamination devices that apply spray mist to a space or object for decontamination) and devices. To support connection to a general-purpose computer, a small application runs on the control board, managing low-level interfaces and any necessary data normalization. The application makes available a set of commands executed from the main system controller via a USB connection. These commands provide maintenance and testing of sensors and actuators, reading sensor data, and controlling output actuators. If necessary, an interface printed circuit board (PCB) is added to simplify connections between the control board, the control system flow meter, the applicator hardware, and any additional temperature or humidity sensors.

[0041]

[0047] In an exemplary embodiment, the control system runs on the Ubuntu Linux operating system (e.g., open-source software). Ubuntu is used in desktop, server hardware, and embedded systems. While Ubuntu is not a real-time operating system, it can measure short time slices and is highly responsive. Ubuntu is enhanced by enabling an installed firewall, ufw, and closing all unnecessary ports.

[0042]

[0048] In certain embodiments, Secure Shell (SSH) access is the primary means of direct access to the computer and is mainly used for installation and deployment, as well as for upgrading various software components such as the operating system. Certain configuration settings may be set at the operating system level. These settings typically include date and time and administrative authentication (LDAP). In certain embodiments, automatic time synchronization and sendmail configuration are the only two settings that are recommended to be set at the operating system level.

[0043]

[0049] Data normalization and filtering are also performed by this module, providing clean sensor data to the system's main controller. The platform can interface to a computer system or board via a standard USB interface. This interface appears as a virtual serial port (COM port) to the main controller. The virtual serial port greatly simplifies the issuance of commands between the computer and the underlying hardware at the software level. Commands and responses are transmitted between the computer driver and the hardware as ASCII text. Almost all modem languages ​​and runtimes support the transmission of ASCII text via a COM port.

[0044] End-user implementation process

[0050] Control system software follows a layered architecture approach. Applications, interfaces, and their services are built on top of support components and frameworks that provide abstractions from lower-level functions. This approach offers maximum flexibility for deploying updated software and installing new components. This is possible because the layers of abstraction allow for changes to the implementation of support services and subsystems without requiring updates between layers, unless absolutely necessary.

[0045]

[0051] Figure 2 shows one embodiment of a layered architecture. The architecture consists of six layers. The first layer, which the user interfaces with, includes six subsystems: alerts, configuration, devices, events, reporting, and a software developer kit. The second layer is the system controller, which is a general-purpose computer. The third layer is the application programming interface (API) gateway, which networks the general-purpose computer to the other components of the system. The fourth layer is the web application, which handles network communication within the system. The fifth layer is the application runtime, which executes instructions communicated within the system. The sixth layer is the coding language.

[0046]

[0052] The system controller provides a layer of abstraction between the characteristics and functions of the control system and the application. The system controller controls the system. Designed as an intermediate-level component that is memory-loaded and accepts commands from internal and external systems, the system controller maintains state and manages the system configuration. It operates in its own process space and runs as an abnormally tolerant automatic service. It is configured to be automatically enabled and starts automatically when the computer boots up. The system controller manages the start and stop operations of the control system. The system controller interfaces with multiple subsystems to manage the operation of the control system. Interfaces with subsystems are limited in that the system controller does not have direct access to the underlying low-level hardware, reporting, configuration, or other subsystem implementations. These layers of abstraction provide a flexible architecture that gives the user the ability to switch hardware or change the implementation of any subsystem without requiring major (or arbitrary) changes to the operation of the system controller or the control system. As mentioned above, the system controller itself abstracts the API gateway and web server components, which allows them to be upgraded or changed without requiring significant rework or changes to other components.

[0047]

[0053] The web server component provides commands for the control system and web applications used as the control system. The operator is provided with a username and password to log in to the control system, configure settings, start application execution, and download reports and logs.

[0048]

[0054] Generally, access to all application-specific configuration parameters and features is made available through the web application. This includes the ability to specify event dispatch, time- and timer-based operation, report generation configuration, and room / applicator profiles, as well as user access. Configuration parameters and layouts are determined in the web application user interface design and style guidelines documentation.

[0049]

[0055] Figure 3 shows exemplary embodiments of the end-user interface and administrator interface. The interface supports both polling and interrupt or exception-based reporting to the main system controller. The login screen is initially presented to request user authentication information to reach the system's homepage. Options are provided for initiating a decontamination cycle. Control and configuration options allow for adjustment of recipe configuration, calibration, priming, control, and configuration parameters. Recipe configuration allows for recipe selection, room dimension adjustment, spray cycle settings, RABS and LAF settings, time countdown, and H2O2 sensor reading setpoints. Room description allows for manual description of each room to be decontaminated. Calibration allows for per-applicator dose verification and fluid velocity calibration. Applicator priming allows for selection of applicators to be primed at high or normal speed. Safety questions can be enabled or disabled, and text can be modified. Manual control of pumps and valves is performed per applicator. Flow meter control allows for selection of gear pumps or flow meters per applicator. System settings allow for enabling or disabling functions and adjusting the date and time. The parameters for aborting the setting point may be configured to provide resilience against anomalies. User management allows for new users, user level settings, and passwords.

[0050]

[0056] When the Start Cycle button is pressed, a recipe must be selected to run. Description and permission questions are required if the feature is enabled in the settings. Once all permissions are met, the "Start Cycle" button appears. The execution screen displays all cycle information once it starts. The report screen shows report information about the progress of each cycle after the cycle has finished (whether it was successful or not).

[0051]

[0057] The system monitors the supply of decontamination solution via a decontamination solution indicator. If the decontamination solution storage tank requires a large amount of fluid, a "Low Tank Level" message will be displayed in yellow on the login and home screens. If the decontamination solution shortage is not addressed, a "Reservoir Tank Not Filled" message will be displayed in red. To clear the messages, the user must select "Pump Control" in the Control and Settings menu and activate the fluid pump until the "High Level Status" indicator turns green. (To prevent recurrence, the decontamination solution shortage must be addressed.)

[0052]

[0058] In certain embodiments, hardware interface commands may include instructing a self-test of all connected sensors with a pass or fail response, a calibration process for all sensors, a reading and display of the current sensor value for each sensor, setting the sampling rate for each sensor, setting the scaling parameter for each sensor, a self-test of all connected actuators, control of the actuator calibration process, setting the rate of change of the actuator output, energizing the actuator, disengaging the actuator, setting all parameters to suggested defaults, and clearing all settings.

[0053] Computer implementation process

[0059] One aspect of the application is a control system, which is a software application that controls hardware. Therefore, the software needs to be fast, responsive, and react to external signals and events. The control system software is built to occupy an extremely small footprint and uses a simplified design consisting of an application runtime and multiple systems that support the control system functions.

[0054]

[0060] Figure 4 shows one embodiment of a high-level computer system architecture. The application runtime consists of three primary services: an API gateway used for standardized access to the control and configuration of the control system, a low-level system controller, and a web server that provides user remote access. Both the API gateway service and the web server service use the system controller to make configuration changes, calibrate sensors, and control the system. The application runtime uses many services to perform its tasks. Each service is designed to be fault-tolerant in that it automatically restarts after failure and is configured to start automatically at boot time.

[0055]

[0061] The API Gateway acts as an application endpoint for all internal and external systems that configure and control the decontamination control system. The API Gateway is a running service installed on a computer and accessible via an IP address and port number. Internal applications and systems refer to the API Gateway in the same way as external services, except that all internal communication is connected via the local host. The API Gateway can be started and stopped independently and provides the ability to update its software. The API Gateway is stateless, meaning it accepts incoming requests and processes them without storing local data. It exposes several RESTful services that map to configuration and control functions, as outlined by its feature set. The API Gateway provides a cost-effective platform that offers the ability to scale the system without significant re-engineering. The primary means of communication with the general-purpose computer is through its API Gateway. The API Gateway exposes numerous endpoints used for configuration, as well as monitoring and data capture. Bidirectional communication is facilitated via webhooks for any applications requiring asynchronous delivery of data from the control system.

[0056]

[0062] Figure 5 shows one embodiment of an application runtime organizational block diagram. Users are linked to system controllers and subsystems via an API gateway through a web server. The API gateway also provides network links to web applications and other servers.

[0057]

[0063] Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in Figure 4, there are subsystems, which include warnings, configurations, devices, events, and reports, and the software developer kit is also part of an application database on a general computer. In addition, the subsystems connect to a sensor pipeline linked to the applicator and sensor set via a driver interface.

[0058]

[0064] The subsystems described herein are sets of lowest-level execution components that provide direct access to hardware features and functions. Each subsystem is designed for a primary grouping of features within an environment.

[0059]

[0065] In one embodiment, a typical subsystem design comprises each subsystem having two interfaces. One interface provides a high level of abstraction optimized for the application and higher-order program, and this interface links the system controller to the subsystem. This interface is inherently bidirectional, meaning that the subsystem accepts and executes functions. The second interface is a low-level, one-way interface used specifically to communicate with the underlying hardware or to deliver low-level functions.

[0060]

[0066] Subsystems are intentionally designed to be autonomous components. This provides the ability to make software changes to specific subsystems and patch the solution to a single subsystem without having to make monolithic changes to the solution.

[0061] Warning subsystem

[0067] The warning subsystem is used to process all outgoing messages from the control system.

[0062]

[0068] Warnings are implemented as messages having a recipient address, a sender address, and a body consisting of UTF-8 text. Warnings may also include simple text, email messages to specified recipients or lists, and internal notifications within application services and other subsystems.

[0063]

[0069] Email notifications require a designated mailbox and SMTP configuration. The operator configures SMTP parameters, including the mailbox, username, and password credentials, using a configuration application accessible via a web browser. Emails can be delivered programmatically using the built-in sendmail application or Javax or NodeJS libraries.

[0064]

[0070] Subsystems and internal services utilize the alert subsystem by registering themselves as issuers and specifying the type of message and delivery mechanism. Internal services can register alerts by registering themselves as observers for specific messages within the subsystem. Common producer / consumer design patterns are used to automatically dispatch messages to stakeholders.

[0065]

[0071] External systems requiring warnings also utilize the warning subsystem. The same mechanism is used to register themselves as message recipients, except the external service uses the API gateway's RESTful service interface. The external service must supply webhooks that can be invoked by the warning subsystem. This means the external service is technically both a consumer and a producer.

[0066]

[0072] In certain embodiments, an external alert system, including SMS, is not supported, but can be implemented using a RESTful web service or other means.

[0067]

[0073] The producer / consumer models used in the warning subsystem are designed in a general manner so that they can be reused in other control system components that require a registration and publication framework.

[0068] Configuration subsystem

[0074] The configuration subsystem is a command processor for storing and modifying configuration values ​​within the system.

[0069]

[0075] The configuration subsystem stores its values ​​using an embedded database. A runtime database running in its own thread and process space is avoided. A separate runtime database increases the complexity of installation and deployment. Most file-based embedded databases can handle several gigabytes of data and millions of records, which is more than sufficient for control systems. Furthermore, embedded databases provide a simple backup and restore method.

[0070]

[0076] In most cases, configuration parameters are stored as key-value pairs. In specific cases, configuration parameters may be stored as objects. In some cases, the configuration is stored as JSON or XML, and these values ​​are stored as BLOB and TEXT values ​​in the same database.

[0071]

[0077] The configuration database maintains application and schema version strings to verify that the control system's application version matches the database version. At application startup, the version strings are checked and compared for equality. Version mismatches can lead to unpredictable behavior and software crashes due to configurations attempting to read data values ​​of unrecognized types and formats.

[0072]

[0078] The configuration subsystem is functionally designed. Each system component, service, and subsystem knows its configuration. The configuration subsystem provides a set of simple methods with several overrides that accept configuration parameter names and their values. The overrides of the methods accept additional parameters, which may include type information and other metadata parameters necessary to properly store the parameters.

[0073]

[0079] Configuration changes made to the system are written to the audit log using the reporting subsystem. The audit log must include the configuration setting, the operator who made the configuration change, and the date / time stamp of the configuration setting change.

[0074]

[0080] The control system has the ability to save configuration profiles. A configuration profile represents a group of configuration settings, including the arrangement of applicators, the volume of ionized hydrogen peroxide (iHP) to be dispersed, the number of applicators to be activated, and the names of the applicator execution locations.

[0075]

[0081] Configuration profiles are stored using a browser interface and can be saved and loaded on demand by the system operator. The configuration subsystem provides remote configuration and calibration access via browser access by exposing functionality through an API gateway when the unit is connected to the internet (6).

[0076] Device Driver Subsystem

[0082] The device subsystem manages multiple devices and sensors used by the control system. The device driver subsystem provides operational control and access to the control system's sensor suite and connected applicators.

[0077]

[0083] Application services and subsystems cannot directly access the underlying hardware of the control system. The device driver subsystem is designed for single-threaded access and uses a functional command operation mode. The device driver subsystem abstracts objects that represent hardware devices and the drivers required to control them.

[0078]

[0084] Like other subsystems, the driver interface exposes function calls to higher-level software components. These functions are named for the actions they perform on lower-level hardware. This abstraction is accomplished using a low-level command set that sends serial commands to the control board hardware via the USB interface. The command set is the actual driver used to control the applicator's behavior, measure, monitor sensors, and retrieve readings on the RFID reader.

[0079]

[0085] The command set provides pin / out operations that can read voltage values ​​on specific pins on the control board and return them to higher-level call functions. The control system connects to multiple control boards that provide general-purpose VOs. The control boards provide the ability to read input voltages from multiple pins. The device subsystem provides the ability to assign one or more I / O pins for specific transmission directions and application needs. For example, Pin O can be used for controlling and measuring a flow meter, where Pin 16 is used to receive input signals from a SCADA device. The device subsystem exposes multiple functions that assign VO operations to specific pin numbers on the control board. This provides a high level of application abstraction with the ability to perform device-specific operations without needing to know how to communicate with the underlying hardware. The input reading voltage is used to determine the volume of the flow meter. In one embodiment, the input voltage is read between 0 and 5 volts. The input reading voltage is used to read events from proximity sensors. These values ​​are determined when a proximity sensor is selected in a sensor suite.

[0080]

[0086] The device subsystem manages communication between the control system software and its underlying hardware resources (applicators, drivers, sensors, etc.). This constitutes the device data pipeline, as the device subsystem processes the instruction sets for multiple discrete sensor devices.

[0081]

[0087] Figure 6 shows the event state change design of the device driver subsystem. The subsystem management component (device manager) provides means for adding, enabling, disabling, and removing devices. Devices may include any communicative hardware, including applicators. The device manager supports monitoring of multiple devices in the pipeline through exposed functions.

[0082]

[0088] The subsystem, using the capabilities provided by the warning and event subsystem, provides the ability for high-level components and services to be notified when a sensor or other hardware device (e.g., an applicator) encounters a state change. An observer pattern implementation of the warning and event subsystem provides this notification capability.

[0083] Event subsystem

[0089] The event subsystem supports receiving software and hardware events from multiple sources.

[0084]

[0090] In certain embodiments, the event subsystem reuses the registration and publishing design of the warning subsystem and adapts the object model and execution components to the event subsystem. Internal components and external software interfaces reuse mechanisms similar to those designed by the warning subsystem. The event subsystem processes events that may arise from hardware and software and dispatches the events to the subsystems and components of interest to take action.

[0085]

[0091] Most hardware events are supplied from the control board hardware, originating from the applicator code, or from one or more sensors attached to the control board hardware. Furthermore, supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems and other external devices may be connected to the control system using one of the available digital or analog pins available on the control board hardware. The system configuration provides the ability to identify which PINs hardware devices are connected to and the voltage requirements that need to be read from those PINs.

[0086]

[0092] Hardware event detection is performed using a configurable polling method that checks the values ​​of multiple VO pins. When a state change occurs, the producer / consumer mechanism is used to notify any services or components registered for that specific hardware event change. External services and applications must register a RESTful webhook that the control system can invoke to receive hardware event notifications.

[0087]

[0093] The event subsystem is also responsible for responding to any shutdown events. Shutdown events can occur internally due to unrecoverable anomalies or errors, an operator initiating a shutdown via a browser or API, or hardware events such as pressing an emergency button or relay interruption. Like all other events, the event subsystem processes shutdown events. After processing the event, the event subsystem dispatches the event to the system controller, which is used to terminate the control system properly or forcibly.

[0088]

[0094] The event subsystem provides the ability to optionally send alerts for specific events. In some use cases, it may be necessary to send alerts when an applicator starts and when it finishes execution. When an event is triggered via a browser-based configuration panel, the operator can configure the control system to send alerts via email to specific recipients.

[0089] Reporting subsystem

[0095] The reporting subsystem is the primary controller for serializing data generated by the control system. Furthermore, the reporting subsystem is used to generate multiple logs, including system and audit logs.

[0090]

[0096] The reporting subsystem uses an embedded database to store analysis and execution data. The database used to store the analysis may be the same database used to store configuration parameters. Additional analysis items may be added as a change in system requirements. All analysis values ​​are stored using appropriate key-value pairs, and object storage is used as needed. After the applicator execution is complete, the analysis data remains unchanged and is marked as read-only.

[0091]

[0097] Applicator run analyses are available at any time and can be used to generate reports. The reporting subsystem provides the ability to export applicator run analyses in PDF format. PDF reports are rendered to be tamper-proof to meet pharmaceutical guidelines. The reporting subsystem exposes access to analytical data via an API gateway. This provides the system with the ability to deliver analytical information via the cloud by retrieving data from an internet-connected control system unit.

[0092]

[0098] The reporting subsystem exposes functionality for generating multiple logs via a logger. Standardized logging packages are used to generate logs across the system (e.g., log4j, Winstone). In a particular embodiment, the control system writes three logs: a system log that tracks system events and notifications across the system; an audit log used to track user-driven events and configuration changes; and an execution log that tracks application execution and execution analysis. The logs can be retrieved via a browser interface and downloaded as text files for later inspection.

[0093]

[0099] The logger must write the following items to the configured log: • Date / time of log message Log text • Subsystem • Log levels (debug, error, information, alarm) Software Development Kit (SDK)

[0094]

[0100] The SDK (Software Development Kit) provides technically advanced users with the ability to build applications on top of control systems. The SDK is designed to build applications on publicly available services exposed by the control system. Users determine which services are publicly available and which are reserved. Reserved application services are critical to the reliable operation of the control system and, if modified by the end user, could lead to unpredictable behavior. Possible reserved services may include calibration functions for specific hardware. Users may decide that end users should not have the ability to calibrate hardware, and that this functionality should be reserved for user technicians. Reusing the API gateway platform facilitates access to the SDK.

[0095] security

[0101] Operator security is managed through username and password access to the browser application. The web application uses role-based access control (RBAC) to restrict access to protected configuration settings and control specific behaviors within the system. Roles, configuration settings, and behaviors are determined by the user.

[0096]

[0102] Connection security is achieved by using SSL certificates, which encrypt communication between the web server and the browser. NGINX facilitates the installation of SSL certificates, which provide the ability to secure browser communication. SSL certificates must be installed on the computer via SSH and securely copied to the NGINX certificate store.

[0097]

[0103] API keys manage external access to the API gateway. API keys are unique values ​​generated for software programs to communicate with web resources. Secure access to the control system is performed using API keys, and a new API key must be generated for each application that requires programmatic access to the control system.

[0098]

[0104] The control system web application utilizes the same API gateway interface for communication and control. Since the web application server is a special application with authorized access, local security is achieved through API key and local IP address binding. SSL certificates may also be used to secure the communication channel between the web browser and external applications. SSL security is implemented by utilizing the native capabilities provided by the web server installed on the control system.

[0099] How to use

[0105] One aspect of this application is a method for controlling the decontamination of a substantially enclosed space, comprising detecting the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the presence of microorganisms is sensed by one or more sensors present in the substantially enclosed space, and warning a system controller of the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the system controller is networked to one or more sensors, and notifies an operator device of the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the operator device is networked to the system controller, and to remove the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space. The present invention relates to initiating a decontamination process, wherein the decontamination process is applied by one or more applicators networked to a system controller, and further, one or more applicators are located within a substantially enclosed space, and further, after either (1) an operating device instructs the decontamination process to be initiated, or (2) an event subsystem instructs the decontamination process to be initiated, the system controller initiates the decontamination process by one or more applicators, and the event subsystem is a non-temporary, tangible, computer-readable medium containing instructions for decontaminating a substantially enclosed space.

[0100]

[0106] In certain embodiments, the control system uses a general-purpose computer to execute commands for repeating a decontamination cycle of a decontamination device, the commands including sensing the presence of pathogens in a substantially enclosed space; communicating the presence of pathogens to a computer database; identifying the pathogens sensed in the substantially enclosed space using the computer database; selecting a decontamination cycle program from the computer database based on the pathogen identification information; communicating the selected program to the decontamination device, which is networked so that the decontamination device automatically follows the program; and executing the decontamination cycle according to the program.

[0101]

[0107] Some examples of embodiments using the decontamination devices, systems, or methods of this disclosure include shipping containers. For example, a shipping container may be equipped with a decontamination system capable of sensing pathogen adhesion inside or on the surface of the container. An exemplary system may provide information about pathogen adhesion to a party equipped to receive data. In some embodiments, the system may print or record the data.

[0102]

[0108] Other examples of embodiments using the decontamination apparatus, system, or method of the present disclosure include import, export, movement quarantine areas, or checkpoints. In some embodiments, the system includes walk-through spaces or tunnels, conveyor systems, moving walkways, or any other suitable means for moving people or objects through mist generated by the decontamination system.

[0103]

[0109] Further examples of embodiments using the decontamination apparatus, system, or method of the present disclosure include vehicles. In some embodiments, the vehicle is an automobile, truck, bus, train, airplane, or any other form of mobile body intended for the transport of goods or passengers. In further embodiments, the vehicle is an autonomous vehicle.

[0104]

[0110] Further examples of embodiments using the decontamination devices, systems, or methods of this disclosure include space travel, space isolation, or structures not located on Earth.

[0105]

[0111] Some examples of embodiments using the decontamination apparatus, system, or method of the present disclosure include a food processing / preparation system. In some embodiments, the system includes a sensor, such as a photodetector, for activating the apparatus. In some embodiments, the system includes a sensor for detecting pathogen attachment.

[0106]

[0112] Further examples of embodiments using the decontamination apparatus, system, or method of the present disclosure include a self-guided robot wirelessly networked with a customized engineering system. For example, a self-guided robot equipped with a decontamination system can move around a space or facility and, in response to instructions received from the customized engineering system, can detect contamination via one or more sensors of the same or different types. A self-guided robot equipped with a decontamination system and networked with a customized engineering system can process a contaminated surface or space until the number of contaminating microorganisms in the target area is reduced.

[0107]

[0113] Further examples of embodiments using the decontamination apparatus, system, or method of the present disclosure include a rapid deployment chamber for emergency biological contamination.

[0108]

[0114] Other examples of embodiments using the decontamination apparatus, system, or method of this disclosure include farms, ranches, livestock facilities, or slaughterhouses. In non-limiting examples, the decontamination apparatus or system may be installed in poultry facilities such as chicken coops, or in dairy collection facilities.

[0109]

[0115] Further examples of embodiments using the decontamination devices, systems, or methods of this disclosure include, but are not limited to, gyms, studios, training facilities, or restrooms.

[0110]

[0116] Other examples of embodiments using the decontamination apparatus, system, or method of the Disclosure include buildings in which the decontamination system is integrated into a building system to decontaminate an entire building or a specific area of ​​a building. In some embodiments, the system is integrated into a new structure. In other embodiments, the system is integrated into an existing building's automation or ventilation system. In some embodiments, the decontamination system or apparatus of the Disclosure is programmable or automated.

[0111]

[0117] This application is further illustrated by the following embodiments, which should not be construed as limitations. All references, patents, and published patent applications, as well as the contents of the figures and tables, cited throughout this application are incorporated herein by reference. [Examples]

[0112] Example 1 Computer hardware

[0118] The following is an exemplary embodiment of the computer specifications. [Table 1]

[0113] Sensor Interface

[0119] In an exemplary embodiment, the Arduino MEGA 2560 microcontroller platform is used to interface control system (1) applicator (3) hardware with a computer having the following specifications: [Table 2]

[0114]

[0120] SteraMist CES is a fully automated decontamination system that utilizes the facility's existing HVAC system. This involves installing remote SteraMist BIT applicators within designated spaces to achieve maximum results. To do this, cables supplying air, solution, and power to each SteraMist BIT applicator are installed throughout the system. The SteraMist BIT generator and programmable logic control (PLC) are housed in a centrally located NEMA enclosure.

[0115]

[0121] This customized system is built for ease of use. Once installed, service technicians determine the ideal specifications to achieve maximum effectiveness. This is programmed into a PLC and interfaces with the building's HVAC system for room isolation and aeration. The programming allows for the retention of multiple cycles. The programming also allows for the continuation of cycles in the event of multiple pod failures, redirecting the remaining dose to the remaining applicators rather than stopping it. The entire system can be developed for multiple rooms and various specifications and can be remotely controlled via an HMI interface.

[0116]

[0122] Once the area reaches its designated standard for disinfection / decontamination, the integrated Drager monitoring system tests the air at required intervals until the H2O2 concentration falls below 1 ppm. The cycle status is monitored by remote indicators and can be integrated into a SCADA monitoring system.

[0117]

[0123] General specifications:

[0124] Ceiling mounting applicator:

[0125] Mounting boxes and cover plates manufactured from 14-gauge stainless steel.

[0126] The mounting box has pre-cut and installed bulkhead mounting fixtures and gland.

[0127] Applicator cover plate with alarm buzzer.

[0118]

[0128] The clean dry air (CDA) for the applicator is 90-100 psi at 2 SCFM per applicator and is implemented by the customer.

[0119]

[0129] Each applicator box can include three different colored warning status lights: red / alarm, yellow / injection, stagnation, aeration, and green / all clear and entering space, and flashing red / abnormal warning.

[0120]

[0130] A standardized SS mounting box used in either a fixed or vibrating configuration. The back box dimensions are 11 inches wide x 9 inches deep x 6 inches high, with a lip width of 1.5 inches around the opening of the back box.

[0121]

[0131] The ceiling-mounted backbox has pre-cut and installed bulkhead mounting fixtures and glands to facilitate installation.

[0122]

[0132] The ceiling-mounted backbox can be installed at a distance of up to 100 feet (30 m) from the control cabinet, with an overall height variation of 12 to 15 feet.

[0123]

[0133] The applicator cover plate measures 14.5 inches long x 12.5 inches wide x 0.875 inches deep and is optionally equipped with an audible buzzer and color indicator lights (red, yellow, and green are standard).

[0124]

[0134] The optional vibration applicator function, implemented via a direct-drive stepper motor, allows for adjustment of vibration speed and angle via HMI control.

[0125]

[0135] Control panel:

[0136] It houses fluid systems, air systems, and electronic controls.

[0137] A panel consisting of a single enclosure.

[0138] The control cabinet compressed air supply is provided by the facility (CDA at 100 psi, minimum 4 SCFM).

[0139] The HMI screen included in the estimate, as shown below, is 15 inches, but other HMI screen sizes are optional and include 7 inches, 9 inches, 12 inches, and 19 inches.

[0140] An E-Stop button located inside the decontamination room for emergency termination of any sequence.

[0141] The E-Stop button shown in the image below the bottom of the HMI screen.

[0126]

[0142] Fluid pumping and priming panels:

[0143] A wall-mount enclosure with dimensions of 24 inches high x 24 inches wide x 12 inches deep.

[0127]

[0144] The pump station can utilize a 55-gallon or 10-gallon drum equipped with a suction pipe assembly.

[0128]

[0145] In a fluid containment structure capable of controlling up to 60 gallons of BIT solution during spillage, the customer may install localized drains and hoses at selected locations.

[0129]

[0146] Pump control via signal transmission to a control panel for low fluid level display.

[0130]

[0147] The station lacks fluid calibration capabilities.

[0131]

[0148] RFID capabilities of BIT solution containers

[0149] The availability of remote pump station capabilities allows the main control cabinet to be located in a separate location from the BIT solution.

[0132]

[0150] The priming return lines for all applicators are piped to return the BIT solution to the drum.

[0133]

[0151] The BIT solution container is located on a scale that accurately measures the amount of solution consumed, helping to ensure the dosing accuracy and tracking of the solution used in each spray cycle.

[0134]

[0152] Customer Program HMI with the following capabilities:

[0153] Up to 20 individual user IDs, each password-protected. IDs can be set and changed via an administrator user.

[0154] Dual "dry contact" VO for interfacing with HVAC systems and door interlock control (2 inputs and 2 outputs). Adjustable dwell time setting for HVAC control. Built-in logic for door interlock sequencing and cross-contamination prevention.

[0155] The ability to start and stop cycles based on "clock time" and manual start / stop.

[0156] Cycle-by-cycle PDF reports are either pushed to a USB memory stick or a network location, or sent via email directly from the system itself.

[0135]

[0157] Anomaly monitoring includes fluid flow, airflow, and arc detection.

[0136]

[0158] The maximum distance the fluid priming skid extends to the control panel is 328 feet, including the ascent length and stroke length, with an ascent of less than 20 feet.

[0137]

[0159] The maximum distance the control panel should extend from the applicator is 98 feet, including both ascent and stroke, and less than 10 feet of ascent.

[0138]

[0160] A Drager monitoring position located on the clean side to monitor PPM levels from the HMI, which is a remote sensor installed inside the exhaust duct. If there are separate exhausts for the three areas to be disinfected, three monitors will be required, one for each duct. Drager monitor with remotely mounted duct sensors (total depends on the HVAC system design)

[0139]

[0161] The customer will provide 120VAC with a 20-amp breaker at the source, and the final connection will be made by another third party. The company will provide the airtight damper.

[0140]

[0162] Standard system performance and installation specifications

[0163] Utility requirements:

[0164] 120VAC, 1Φ, 15amp.

[0165] Clean dry air, 2SCFM, 90-100 psi (per applicator).

[0166] Fluid flow rate of 25 mL / min.

[0167] 30 psi applicator for adjusting air pressure.

[0168] 1 / 4-inch outer diameter poly piping lines for supplying fluids and air, connecting the control panel to the applicator, and returning the fluid from the applicator to the pump cabinet.

[0141]

[0169] Air and fluid supply lines cannot exceed a maximum distance of 100 feet (30 m) from the control cabinet and involve a total height change of 12 to 15 feet or less. (This includes combinations of ascent length and stroke length).

[0142]

[0170] The fluid return line cannot exceed 100 feet (30 m) from the control cabinet and will have an overall height change of 12-15 feet or less. (This includes a combination of rise length and stroke length).

[0143]

[0171] A 3 / 8-inch outer diameter poly piping line connects the fluid pump cabinet to the control cabinet (for supplying BIT fluid from the gallon drum to the internal control cabinet auxiliary reservoir).

[0144]

[0172] The fluid supply line cannot exceed a maximum distance of 300 feet (92 m) from the control cabinet and will have an overall height change of no more than 20 feet. (This includes a combination of ascent length and stroke length).

[0145]

[0173] The CAT5e wire connecting the baseline (master) control panel to the subsequent slave control panel (for Applicator 5+) cannot exceed 300ft.

[0146]

[0174] The additional “slave” control panel has the same limitations as described above regarding the air / fluid supply line distance, as well as the fluid supply line distance from the pump cabinet.

[0147]

[0175] Each applicator has a total of 18 wires (18 gauge, multi-colored) placed between the ceiling backbox and the control cabinet, four of which must be wired to separate, independent wire cores.

[0148]

[0176] The fluid pumping and priming cabinets have a total of seven wires (18 gauge, multi-color) and RFID reader cables, all of which are wired between the control cabinet and the pumping cabinet.

[0149]

[0177] injection:

[0178] The customer initiates the cycle – the system delays its start so that the HVAC shuts down (either manually or via a signal transmitted from the system).

[0150]

[0179] The system monitors the required amount of solution, both the flow rate during injection and the total amount delivered (the system is malfunctioning if it detects a flow deficiency from any applicator; if more than one applicator is installed in the processing area, the system can be programmed to either close the cycle or continue the remaining applicators until the correct required amount of solution is delivered).

[0151]

[0180] Air CDA is also monitored for defects at each applicator and at the inlet of the air supply source during the injection cycle.

[0152]

[0181] The arc is also monitored by each applicator.

[0153]

[0182] Retention:

[0183] The retention period begins after the injection cycle (this rest period is time-adjustable and can be customized by the customer).

[0154]

[0184] During the stagnant cycle, the system is in a standby state, and the processing area remains under the system's control.

[0155]

[0185] Aeration:

[0186] After stagnation, aeration begins. The system signals the HVAC / exhaust system to turn it on (if equipped).

[0156]

[0187] The system monitors the exhaust of the treatment area for residual solution concentration (all doors remain locked until a preset safety level is achieved), *if equipped*, or the system can be configured to release the doors at a preset time.

[0157]

[0188] Cycle complete:

[0189] Once the cycle is complete, the system can send information to customer servers for distribution if the customer deems it necessary (if equipped).

[0158]

[0190] If an anomaly occurs in the cycle, the system can send information to the customer server for distribution purposes if the customer deems it necessary (if equipped).

[0159] Example 2 Customized engineering systems

[0191] The effective disinfection by activated hydroxyl ions used in this application depends on the surface area of ​​the droplets applied to the surface; that is, the smaller the droplet, the larger the surface area of ​​the activated hydroxyl ions on the entire cloud of droplets, and therefore the more effective the disinfection method. In fact, immersion of the surface for disinfection impairs the effectiveness of activated hydroxyl ions because the activated ions do not come into contact with bacteria for disinfection.

[0160]

[0192] Activation of the cleaning fluid to generate activated hydroxyl ions can occur via the passage of the fluid, for example, through an arc current, an electromagnetic field, or photonic energy. The fluid may be generated in a spray form, for example, by misting, ultrasound, pneumatic spraying, or mechanical pressure. However, blowers are not used in the method of this application for generating in a spray form, as blowers generate a strong flow of large droplets that immerse the surface with the fluid, all of which weaken the effect of activated hydroxyl ions.

[0161]

[0193] The method of this application requires the generation of a very dry mist (extremely small aerosol particles as described herein) that carries activated hydroxyl ions through space to a surface for decontamination. The activated hydroxyl ions come into contact with pathogens before recombining to form harmless diatomic oxygen and water (an advantage of the method described herein is that no chemical residue remains on the disinfected surface). A preferred embodiment of this application uses, for example, a cleaning fluid containing 0.3% to 9% hydrogen peroxide as a source of active species for decontamination of an article or a substantially enclosed space. Preferred aerosol droplets for transporting the activated hydroxyl ions have a diameter of 0.3 to 1.0 microns, most preferably with an average diameter of 0.7 microns. Therefore, any automated system to which this method is applied requires strict parameters for performance.

[0162]

[0194] Preferred methods and techniques for use in decontamination processes are described in U.S. Patent No. 10,391,188, which is incorporated herein by reference. A decontamination fluid mist is activated to produce an activated decontamination fluid mist. Activation generates activated species of the decontamination fluid material in the mist, such as ionized, plasma, or free radical states. At least some of the activatable species are activated, and optionally some of the activating species, if any, are activated. A high yield of activated species is desired to improve the efficiency of the decontamination process, but it is not necessary for all or most of the activatable species to reach the activated state. Any activatable activator may be used. The activator field or beam may be electrical or photonic. Examples include alternating electric fields, alternating arcs, direct current electric fields, direct current arcs, electron beams, ion beams, microwave beams, radio frequency beams, radio frequency beams, and ultraviolet light beams, generated by a laser or other source. The activator excites at least a portion of the activatable species of the decontamination fluid in the decontamination fluid mist into an ionic, plasma, or free radical state, thereby achieving "activation." These activated species then engage in redox reactions with the cell walls of microorganisms, thereby destroying the cells or at least preventing their proliferation and growth. In the case of preferred hydrogen peroxide, at least a portion of the H2O2 molecules dissociate to produce activated species of hydroxyl (OH-) and monatomic oxygen (O-) ions. These activated species remain dissociated, typically for several seconds or more, for the duration of attacking and destroying biological microorganisms. The activator is preferably tunable with respect to the frequency, waveform, amplitude, or other characteristics of the activation field or beam, thereby allowing the activator to be optimized to achieve the maximum recombination time for action on biological microorganisms. In the case of hydrogen peroxide, the dissociated activated species recombine to form diatomic oxygen and water, becoming harmless molecules.

[0163]

[0195] An exemplary decontamination device / system of this disclosure comprises an applicator having a low-temperature plasma arc that splits a hydrogen peroxide-based solution into reactive oxygen species, including hydroxyl radicals, that seek out, kill, and inactivate pathogens. The activated particles generated by the applicator kill or inactivate a wide range of pathogens and are safe for sensitive equipment. Generally, the decontamination device / system of this disclosure enables effective treatment of an exemplary space of 10⁴ m² in approximately 75 minutes, including application time, contact time, and aeration time. The decontamination device / system of this disclosure is scalable and configurable to be effective in spaces / rooms / chambers / containers of any size or volume. Scalability may be achieved by the size of the device, by manual control of the decontamination fluid, or by programming the device's pneumatic pressure and the resulting fluid flow rate as a function of input space / room / chamber / container parameters.

[0164]

[0196] Conventional decontamination methods are not very effective for decontaminating enclosed spaces. This application discloses that decontamination using a very dry mist containing ionized hydrogen peroxide results in unexpectedly high levels of killing pathogens (including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, or viruses), such as Candida auris, in small enclosures, semi-enclosed spaces, and closed areas (a small enclosure is an area of ​​12 inches x 12 inches x 12 inches or less, a semi-enclosed space is an area where part of the small enclosure is open to other areas, and a closed area is an area where no part of the small enclosure is open to other areas).

[0165]

[0197] Very dry mist has particle sizes of approximately 0.1-0.2 microns, 0.1-0.3 microns, 0.1-0.4 microns, 0.1-0.5 microns, 0.1-0.6 microns, 0.1-0.7 microns, 0.1-0.8 microns, 0.1-0.9 microns, 0.1-1 micron, 1-1.1 microns, 1-1.2 microns, 1-1.3 microns, 1-1.4 microns, 1-1.5 microns, 1-1.6 microns, 1-1.7 microns, 1-1.8 microns, 1-1.9 microns, 1-2 microns, 0.5-0.6 microns, 0.5-0.7 microns, 0.5-0.8 microns, 0.5-0.9 microns, 0.5-1 micron, and 0.5-1.1 microns. The mist consists of particles within the following ranges: 0.5-1.2 microns, 0.5-1.3 microns, 0.5-1.4 microns, 0.5-1.6 microns, 0.5-1.7 microns, 0.5-1.8 microns, 0.5-1.9 microns, 0.5-2 microns, 0.5-2.1 microns, 0.5-2.2 microns, 0.5-2.3 microns, 0.5-2.4 microns, 0.5-2.5 microns, 0.5-2.6 microns, 0.5-2.7 microns, 0.5-2.8 microns, 0.5-2.9 microns, 0.5-3 microns, 0.5-3.1 microns, 0.5-3.2 microns, 0.5-3.3 microns, 0.5-3.4 microns, or 0.5-3.5 microns. In certain embodiments, the very dry mist has particles having a particle size in the range of about 0.5 to 3 microns, preferably an average of 0.7 microns.

[0166]

[0198] In certain embodiments, the customized engineering system described herein monitors the size of the generated aerosol droplets so that the aerosol droplets transporting the activated hydroxyl ions form a very dry mist as described herein. In preferred embodiments, at least 80%, 90%, 95%, and 100% of the aerosol droplet aggregates are within a size range of 0.3 to 1.0 microns in diameter. In certain embodiments, the size of the aerosol droplets is monitored by using laser scanning of the aerosol droplet size. Optical measurements may be performed using a sensor or particle detector positioned in a detection zone after the activation point of the hydroxyl ions on the aerosol droplet, the sensor may be an optical particle counter (OPC), a laser particle counter (LPC), or a condensed particle counter (CPC). The OPC or LPC can detect particle sizes greater than 0.1 microns. The customized engineering system comprises a computer processor described herein that receives data relating to the size range of the aerosol droplets transporting the activated hydroxyl ions. The customized engineering system is programmed to adjust control parameters that manage particle size in the very dry mist in order to maintain the aggregate of aerosol droplet sizes within a desired range.

[0167]

[0199] The customized engineering system includes a programming clock and provides pneumatic and fluid flow control using one or more potentiometers. The programming clock provides the ability to automate decontamination cycles within a small enclosure. Decontamination cycles controlled by the programming clock include, for example, a cycle of spraying very dry mist for 30 seconds, a cycle of stopping spraying for 10 seconds, and then resuming spraying for another 30 seconds, and such cycles may be repeated for a certain period of time. The programming clock can be manually set by the user or can be wirelessly controlled by the user or a computer processor using pre-programmed decontamination cycles sent to the device for deployment.

[0168]

[0200] In certain embodiments, the spraying time is 10-1800 seconds, 10-1200 seconds, 10-900 seconds, 10-600 seconds, 10-300 seconds, 10-180 seconds, 10-150 seconds, 10-120 seconds, 10-90 seconds, 10-60 seconds, 10-45 seconds, 10-30 seconds, 30-1800 seconds, 30-1200 seconds, 30-900 seconds, 30-600 seconds, 30-300 seconds. , 30~180 seconds, 30~150 seconds, 30~120 seconds, 30~90 seconds, 30~60 seconds, 30~45 seconds, 60~1800 seconds, 60~1200 seconds, 60~900 seconds, 60~6 00 seconds, 60~300 seconds, 60~180 seconds, 60~150 seconds, 60~120 seconds, 60~90 seconds, 90~1800 seconds, 90~1200 seconds, 90~900 seconds, 90~600 seconds, 90~300 seconds, 90~180 seconds, 90~150 seconds, 90~120 seconds, 120~1800 seconds, 120~1200 seconds, 120~900 seconds, 120~600 seconds, 120~30 0 seconds, 120~180 seconds, 120~150 seconds, 150~1800 seconds, 150~1200 seconds, 150~900 seconds, 150~600 seconds, 150~300 seconds, 150~180 seconds, The time may be 180-1800 seconds, 180-1200 seconds, 180-900 seconds, 180-600 seconds, 180-300 seconds, 300-1800 seconds, 300-1200 seconds, 300-900 seconds, 300-600 seconds, 600-1800 seconds, 600-1200 seconds, 600-900 seconds, 900-1800 seconds, 900-1200 seconds, or 1200-1800 seconds.

[0169]

[0201] In a particular embodiment, the time between two resulting sprays is 1-600 seconds, 1-300 seconds, 1-180 seconds, 1-150 seconds, 1-120 seconds, 1-90 seconds, 1-60 seconds, 1-45 seconds, 1-30 seconds, 1-15 seconds, 10-600 seconds, 10-300 seconds, 10-180 seconds, 10-150 seconds, 10-120 seconds, 10-90 seconds, 10-60 seconds, 10-45 seconds, 10-30 seconds, 30-600 seconds, 30-300 seconds, 30-180 seconds, 30-150 seconds, 30-120 seconds, 30- The intervals may be 90 seconds, 30-60 seconds, 30-45 seconds, 60-600 seconds, 60-300 seconds, 60-180 seconds, 60-150 seconds, 60-120 seconds, 60-90 seconds, 90-600 seconds, 90-300 seconds, 90-180 seconds, 90-150 seconds, 90-120 seconds, 120-600 seconds, 120-300 seconds, 120-180 seconds, 120-150 seconds, 150-600 seconds, 150-300 seconds, 150-180 seconds, 180-600 seconds, 180-300 seconds, or 300-600 seconds. In one example, the time between two resulting sprays is 60 seconds.

[0170]

[0202] In some cases, the spraying time is 90 seconds, and the interval between sprays is 60 seconds. In some embodiments, a spraying circle includes a spraying time and a rest time, and a complete decontamination process includes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 spraying circles (spraying circles = spraying + interval - total number of circles).

[0171]

[0203] In certain embodiments, a customized engineering system includes a computer processor capable of calculating appropriate settings (e.g., flow rate, air pressure, number and length of decontamination cycles) to generate a very dry mist containing ionized hydrogen peroxide that effectively decontaminates a confined space. In such embodiments, the user may manually input parameters for the small enclosure into the device or input them remotely via a wireless connection. The operation of the system can be fully automated, fully remotely controlled, or semi-automated (e.g., using decontamination cycles that are automatically performed according to manually input parameters).

[0172]

[0204] A common problem in prior art is that excessive air pressure reduction generates mist particles that are too large to achieve the desired mist / fog profile. At the same time, enclosed spaces, in particular, often require significant air pressure reduction. These conflicting constraints of decontamination systems are addressed by specific embodiments of this disclosure. Specifically, by programming a processor to control a potentiometer based on input parameters of a small enclosure, the user can adjust the fluid flow rate in sync with the air pressure. As a result, by simultaneously reducing the air pressure and decreasing the fluid flow rate, the mist / fog particle size is kept small while limiting the distance the spray can reach. In this way, the mist sprayed by the customized engineering system remains within the boundaries of the enclosed space without generating an excessively wet, dense fog. Thus, a programmable balance between air pressure and fluid flow rate prevents saturation of the surface opposite the mist applicator, increased moisture accumulation due to condensation, false negative verification results, or increased aeration time of the enclosure.

[0173]

[0205] In some embodiments, the customized engineering system may include, or be configured to access, a database listing the characteristics of the room in which the customized engineering system is deployed. Additionally or alternatively, the customized engineering system may include a system for collecting and / or generating data about the characteristics of the room in which the customized engineering system is deployed. In such cases, any system known in the art for collecting, generating, and / or analyzing room characteristics may be used, depending on the data generated. Examples include spatial sensors, light recognition systems, and / or dosimeters. In some embodiments, the system may be operably coupled to a CPU. Alternatively, the CPU may be configured to access room characteristic data from the database. In either case, the CPU may be configured to retrieve and access data about the characteristics of the room in which the customized engineering system is deployed and to determine, based on the data, operating parameters of an applicator for applying ionized hydrogen peroxide, such as the applicator's position. In some embodiments, the determined operating parameters may be relayed via a user interface so that a user of the customized engineering system can be notified to invoke the operating parameters of the customized engineering system. In other cases, the CPU may be configured to send commands to means within a customized engineering system for automatically invoking the operating parameters, such as automatically moving the spray direction of the applicator according to the determined operating parameters.

[0174]

[0206] In some embodiments, the system may be used to measure the dose of ionized hydrogen peroxide received at an object or spot in a room where a customized engineering system is deployed. In particular, measuring the dose of ionized hydrogen peroxide at an object or spot in a room can help determine applicator operating parameters, such as optimizing applicator placement. As mentioned above, one of the main factors affecting the effectiveness of ionized hydrogen peroxide on an object is the distance to the object. The operation coupling of the system to the CPU may be configured to take measurements from the system, determine applicator operating parameters based on the measurements, such as the applicator's position, relay the determined operating parameters to a user interface, and / or send commands to means within the customized engineering system to automatically invoke operating parameters such as the applicator according to the determined operating parameters. In general, any system known in the art for measuring spray dose may be used in the system.

[0175]

[0207] The customized engineering system may include, or be configured to access, a database listing the characteristics of one or more rooms, and / or the device may include a system for collecting and / or generating data relating to the room characteristics. Any system known in the art for generating, collecting and / or analyzing room characteristics may be used. Examples include dosimeters, spatial sensors and / or optical recognition systems. In some cases, the device may further include a CPU for acquiring data, determining the applicator's position based on the data, relaying the determined position to a user interface and / or sending commands to means within the customized engineering system for automatically moving the applicator according to the determined position.

[0176]

[0208] In certain embodiments, a customized engineering system comprises a laser diffraction technique for quantifying the particle size distribution within a mist. The applicator is externally mounted in ambient air, and the mist travels through an enclosed nozzle. The mist is formed by ultrasonic waves or similar means generated within a chamber in the customized engineering system, and the mist flows through the applicator into the open air. On its way through the nozzle, the mist travels through a zone onto which a laser is projected, and thus the laser beam diffracts after colliding with particles. A group of sensors opposite the laser source measures these diffraction patterns and interprets them using Mie theory (an analytical solution to the equation for the scattering of electromagnetic radiation by spherical particles) to quantify the particle size distribution of ionized particles within the mist. Since the method herein relies on the application of very dry mist, the customized engineering system can be programmed to adjust air valves or other operating parameters to maintain a sufficiently low average diameter of ionized particles as determined by the laser diffraction technique.

[0177]

[0209] In certain embodiments, if a customized engineering system is ready, the customized engineering system automatically initiates and executes a mission, such as a cleaning mission. In certain embodiments, the customized engineering system includes motion sensors capable of detecting the presence of a human in the area. The customized engineering system includes alarm mechanisms, such as audible warnings and / or flashing lights, when a human is detected in the operating area. When a human is present, the customized engineering system automatically moves away from the human, silences itself, or turns off its power to quiet the customized engineering system. Thus, the customized engineering system operates intelligently by suspending its mission so that the human is not affected by the spray. For decontamination, the customized engineering system monitors human movement within its operating area and, in embodiments, monitors the human's departure from the area, including a time delay before reactivation. Once the human leaves the area, the customized engineering system autonomously returns to where it suspended its mission and completes the coverage of that room. Thus, the customized engineering system completes its mission throughout the space while adapting to the presence of humans in that space.

[0178]

[0210] Figure 7 shows one embodiment of a customized engineering system. The user initiates the cycle – the system delays the system's start (either manually or via a signal transmitted from the system) so that the HVAC is shut down. As can be seen in Figure 7, the ionized hydrogen peroxide (iHP) spray cycle begins when the start button is pressed (this may be done via the user interface through the network system described herein). Following the press of the start button, the spray cycle delay start timer begins its countdown. This allows any individual in the area to vacate them before decontamination begins. It also gives individuals time to leave before the door is locked so that the area for decontamination is sealed. The system may trigger an alarm warning that emits an audible warning to alert individuals in the area to be decontaminated, and / or a linguistic alarm audible within the area for decontamination, including, for example, a linguistic countdown. Notification devices such as lights or buzzers may be present on an applicator placed within the area for decontamination, and these notification devices may flash or buzz to alert individuals in the area to leave. An output signal is sent from the customized engineering system to the building HVAC system to warn the HVAC system that spraying is active, but ionized hydrogen peroxide spraying does not start at this point; instead, the system waits for a signal from the HVAC system that the airflow has stopped in the target area for decontamination. The delayed start countdown does not end until the customized engineering system receives an input signal from the HVAC system that the airflow has shut down. The output signal is also sent from the customized engineering system to the building door lock system, which waits for a door lock input signal confirming that all doors are locked before ending the delayed start countdown.

[0179]

[0211] The spray cycle begins when the system receives notification that all doors are sealed and airflow is cut off. The customized design system monitors the required amount of solution, both the flow rate during injection and the total amount delivered (the system is faulty if it detects a flow deficiency from any applicator; if more than one applicator is installed in the processing area, the system can be programmed to close the cycle or continue the remaining applicators until the correct required amount of solution is delivered).

[0180]

[0212] The spraying cycle terminates based on programmed parameters, after which the retention cycle begins. Retention begins after the injection cycle (this pause is time-adjusted and configurable by the customer). During the retention cycle, the customized design system is in standby mode, and the processing area remains under the control of the customized design system.

[0181]

[0213] Once the dwell cycle is complete, an output signal is sent from the customized engineering system to the HVAC system release. After dwelling, aeration is initiated. The customized design system signals to turn on the HVAC / exhaust system (if equipped).

[0182]

[0214] After the HVAC system is released, the HVAC system is turned back on, initiating an aeration cycle that restores airflow / ventilation. The aeration cycle proceeds to remove ionized hydrogen peroxide contaminant residue (diatomic oxygen and water as specified herein) from the room based on time, based on parts per million (PPM) air sample measurements, or both. Once the aeration cycle is complete, an output signal is sent from the customized engineering system to the door lock system for release. The system monitors the exhaust of the treatment area for residual solution concentrations (all doors remain locked until a preset safety level is achieved), or the system can be configured to release the doors at a preset time.

[0183]

[0215] The system may include a camera and the ability to view the area to be decontaminated through the camera, and the camera view may be evaluated by the user or by an algorithm designed to recognize human or animal movement within the area to be decontaminated, if the algorithm recognizes any abnormal behavior in the spray cycle until the problem is resolved.

[0184]

[0216] Air CDA is also monitored for defects at each applicator and at the air supply source inlet during the injection cycle. Arc is also monitored at each applicator. Air monitors are placed in appropriate locations to view PPM level monitoring. If each area to be decontaminated has a separate exhaust and may be operated independently, a separate low-level monitor can be used for each treatment area. The monitor monitors peak PPM at the start of the aeration cycle to provide a data set point (providing a range from the maximum PPM level to the minimum PPM level).

[0185]

[0217] Once the cycle is complete, the system can send information to the user server for distribution if the user deems it necessary. If there is an anomaly in the cycle, the system can also send information to the user server for distribution if the user deems it necessary.

[0186]

[0218] In certain embodiments, a customized engineering system is used to fog sealed rooms in medical, industrial, commercial, and institutional environments. The usage rate to achieve the minimum atomization concentration of ionized hydrogen peroxide is 0.5 ml per cubic foot of the enclosure (room) volume. The software calculates the dose based on the input volume and measures that the correct dose is dispensed through the applicator. The application time required to achieve the desired concentration varies depending on the size of the room and the number of applicators. Once the minimum fog concentration is achieved, a residence time of at least 15 minutes must be maintained before initiating aeration of the room. In certain embodiments, the system starts from these preset parameters (dose rate / contact time). In certain embodiments where the system can assess a changing environment (e.g., the presence of large equipment), the system may have the ability to adjust. The room is aerated until the room indicates, as measured by a standard air monitor, that the hydrogen peroxide is less than 1 part per million (PPM). Once the room is properly aerated, it is possible to enter the room and return to service without personal protective equipment. Aeration occurs spontaneously without mechanical assistance, unless time is a factor. When ventilation is directed to the outside of the building, air scrubbers and fans can all be used after contact to speed up the aeration process. HEPA filters with dehumidifiers, fans, or carbon filters are also effective in removing airborne hydrogen peroxide. Since ionized hydrogen peroxide decomposes into moisture and oxygen, there is no need to wipe it off, and no residue is left after treatment.

[0187] Example 3 Immune building

[0219] The customized engineering system is fully automated. This system integrates with the facility's HVAC system. Once installed, the system may rely on either pre-configured parameters or specifications determined by the system user or a technical consultant. In certain embodiments, the system includes a programmable logic control housed in a central location. In certain embodiments, the system is controlled by an algorithm that uses machine learning and pre-configured parameters to determine the control and performance of the decontamination system. A machine learning neural network is trained to identify differences between stages of the spraying cycle, aeration cycle, and the environmental response and input parameters described herein. The neural network then acts as artificial intelligence to control the decontamination system described herein based on environmental inputs resulting from different sensor signals regarding the presence of pathogens in the building. The user may operate the AI ​​by assuming control of the customized engineering system via manual commands delivered through a user interface, or by reprogramming preferred pre-configured parameters. The use of artificial intelligence to control the installed and fully automated customized engineering system to carry out the decontamination cycle described herein creates an immune building. The customized engineering system acts as an immune system that automatically responds to detected threats by initiating decontamination in specific contaminated areas of the building as described herein. Based on the identification of specific biological hazards, different spraying and retention cycles can be appropriately initiated to eliminate the identified biological hazards. The program allows multiple cycles to be maintained by the system and accessed for deployment. The program also allows for the continuation of cycles when multiple pods fail or in the event of failure, redirecting the remaining dose to the remaining applicators rather than stopping it. The system can be used for various specifications in multiple rooms and is remotely controlled via the user interface described herein.

[0188]

[0220] In certain embodiments, an immune building system is used for decontamination and sterilization of a designated area. The immune building must be able to sterilize up to the total volume of the designated area. The immune building system comprises at least one decontamination agent container, decontamination agent distribution piping, a decontamination agent pump, decontamination heads (applicators), and a central control system. The number and location of the decontamination heads depend on location requirements. The immune building system starts when an operator (which may be artificial intelligence or, optionally, a manual user performing control) initiates the decontamination process. The system checks its system status, including, but not limited to, the amount of hydrogen peroxide available (optionally), the expiration date of the hydrogen peroxide, and the system's readiness for operation. The system receives signal exchange with a networked HVAC system, which instructs the HVAC system to stop, and the immune building system receives confirmation that a stop has occurred. The injection of the decontamination solution as a spray mist as described herein is initiated, and the ionized hydrogen peroxide injection is carried out up to a specified volume based on the volume. For decontamination, spraying is concentrated in worst-case locations, and the decontamination solution consumption (per head) is monitored and evaluated by the system. The system allows time for biological hazards to come into contact with the sprayed ionized hydrogen peroxide mist. Signal exchange then takes place to restart the system, which has been stopped to carry out the decontamination cycle. The system allows time for fresh air to flow until the ionized hydrogen peroxide concentration reaches below 1 PPM. In particular, the confirmation of safe concentrations is monitored in worst-case locations for biological hazards.

[0189]

[0221] The immune building system is integrated with the HVAC system to exchange signals with the HVAC control system. The system can transmit stop HVAC signals and restart HVAC signals. In response to a given signal from the immune building system, the system can receive confirmation from the HVAC control system that the HVAC system has stopped or restarted. The control system allows integration with optional equipment, which can transmit start, monitor, and restart signals. In response to stop and restart signals, the system can receive confirmation from an optional equipment filling line control system that the system has stopped or restarted. The immune building system is ready to run fully automatically from the moment the process starts until the moment the process ends, including the generation of process reports. The immune building system is designed to ensure that sterile rooms and materials are measured at the end of the cycle and that the ionized hydrogen peroxide residue is less than 1 ppm.

[0190]

[0222] The immune building system allows adjustment of parameters such as the ionized hydrogen peroxide injection rate (per head), ionized hydrogen peroxide injection time, ionized hydrogen peroxide setpoint volume (concentration), ionized hydrogen peroxide contact time, aeration time, and aeration setpoint value (concentration) (optional). If the supply of ionized hydrogen peroxide is temporarily interrupted during a sterilization cycle, the cycle is interrupted and a warning is triggered. The sterilization cycle can be stopped at any time by manual override as needed. A lockable emergency stop button is provided for manual override to stop ongoing decontamination. Visual indicators such as system in operation (yellow), system in warning (red), and system ready (green) may be installed or adjusted as needed by the user. Each ionized hydrogen peroxide device has one working time counter and one cycle counter. The system can control the correct flow for individual heads. The system may purge all lines towards the waste container before starting a new cycle.

[0191]

[0223] Configuration parameters can be changed from the central operator interface. These changes may also be made via an authorized access profile. Recipe configuration shall be possible via an authorized access profile. The operator can notice, check, and confirm relevant warnings on the control panel. In case of malfunction between the programming logic control and the controller, a machine error message will be released. The system has an interface to an on-site IT network using an Ethernet connection. The system includes an industrial PC that enables the operator interface, data input, data storage, and connection between the programming logic control and the controller. A recorder may record, store, archive, and retrieve important data of the process cycle. The system registers, generates, and publishes data including different process and equipment states, measurements, warnings, and any other relevant information.

[0192]

[0224] The above description is intended to teach those skilled in the art how to carry out the invention and is not intended to detail all obvious modifications and variations that would be apparent to those skilled in the art by reading the description. However, all such obvious modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The claims are intended to cover components and steps in any order effective to satisfy the intended purpose therein, unless the context specifically indicates otherwise. (Additional note 1) A multi-component system for decontamination, General-purpose computers and Sensor package and One or more control boards, One or more applicators, An operator device is provided, The general-purpose computer is network-connected to the sensor package by one or more control boards, and the sensor package is capable of detecting the presence of microorganisms. The sensor package is network-connected to one or more applicators, and the one or more applicators are configured to apply a decontamination process to remove microorganisms. The operator device is network-connected to the general-purpose computer via an application programming interface (API) gateway, and the operator device displays the network interface to the operator. The API gateway provides access to the system controller. A multi-configuration system. (Additional note 2) The system controller comprises a set of subsystems, and the set of subsystems is linked to the system controller by a bidirectional interface. The set of subsystems is A warning subsystem wherein, when the sensor package detects the presence of the microorganism, the warning subsystem then warns the operator by display on the network interface, A device driver subsystem, wherein the device driver subsystem connects to the sensor package and the applicator via a one-way interface, Equipped with, The system described in Appendix 1. (Additional note 3) The system is manually controlled by one or more individuals via the operator device. The system described in Appendix 1. (Additional note 4) The system is under event-driven control by the system controller, and the system controller receives a warning about the presence of the microorganism. The system described in Appendix 1. (Additional note 5) The system is under the remote control of one or more individuals via the operator device. The system described in Appendix 1. (Additional note 6) When the applicator receives a command from the system controller via the device driver subsystem, it initiates a decontamination cycle. The system described in Appendix 1. (Additional note 7) The set of subsystems further comprises an event subsystem. The system described in Appendix 2. (Additional note 8) The set of subsystems further comprises a reporting subsystem. The system described in Appendix 2. (Additional note 9) The set of subsystems further comprises a configuration subsystem. The system described in Appendix 2. (Additional note 10) The aforementioned subsystem set further comprises a software development kit. The system described in Appendix 2. (Additional note 11) The sensor package includes one or more control boards, which are network-connected to the sensor and to the general-purpose computer. The system described in Appendix 1. (Additional note 12) The sensor is one or more selected from the group comprising a light sensor, a Voltic sensor, a weight sensor, a moisture sensor, and a pressure sensor. The system described in Appendix 1. (Additional note 13) The aforementioned general-purpose computer includes a single computer control board. The system described in Appendix 1. (Additional note 14) A step of detecting the presence of microorganisms in a substantially enclosed space, wherein the presence of the microorganisms is detected by one or more sensors located in the substantially enclosed space; A step of alerting a system controller to the presence of the microorganism in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the system controller is network-connected to one or more sensors, A step of notifying an operator device of the presence of the microorganism in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the operator device is connected to the system controller via a network. A step of initiating a decontamination process to remove the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the decontamination process is applied by one or more applicators networked to the system controller, and further, the one or more applicators are located within the substantially enclosed space. A routine of setting instructions that causes the system described in Appendix 1 to perform the following: Furthermore, after the step in which the event subsystem instructs the start of the decontamination process, the system controller starts the decontamination process by the one or more applicators. The event subsystem is a non-transient, tangible, computer-readable medium comprising a set of instructions for causing one or more applicators to initiate the decontamination process after one or more sensors have detected the presence of a specific microorganism. Includes instructions for decontaminating a substantially enclosed space, including routines for setting instructions. A non-temporary, tangible, computer-readable medium. (Additional note 15) The aforementioned specific microorganism is a pathogen. Non-temporary computer-readable media as described in Appendix 14. (Additional note 16) The aforementioned pathogen is a targeted bioterrorist agent. Non-temporary computer-readable media as described in Appendix 16. (Additional note 17) The targeted bioterrorist agent is selected from the group consisting of anthrax (bacillus anthrax), plague (bacillus plague), and tularemia (bacillus tularensis). Non-temporary computer-readable media as described in Appendix 17. (Additional note 18) The operator device is wirelessly connected to the system controller via a network. Non-temporary computer-readable media as described in Appendix 14. (Additional note 19) A method for controlling the decontamination of a substantially enclosed space, comprising the steps of detecting the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the presence of the microorganisms is detected by one or more sensors located in the substantially enclosed space; A step of alerting a system controller to the presence of the microorganism in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the system controller is network-connected to one or more sensors, A step of notifying an operator device of the presence of the microorganism in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the operator device is connected to the system controller via a network. A step of initiating a decontamination process to remove the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the decontamination process is applied by one or more applicators networked to the system controller, and further, the one or more applicators are located within the substantially enclosed space, and further, (1) A step of instructing the operating device to start the decontamination process, (2) After any of the steps of instructing the event subsystem to start the decontamination process, the system controller starts the decontamination process by the one or more applicators, and the event subsystem is a non-temporary, tangible, computer-readable medium as described in Appendix 14. method. (Additional note 20) The artificial structure is an office building. The method described in Appendix 19.

Claims

1. A multi-component system for decontamination, wherein the multi-component system is A system controller comprising a set of subsystems, the set of subsystems being linked to the system controller by a bidirectional interface, and the set of subsystems comprising a warning subsystem and a device driver subsystem, A general-purpose computer configured to implement the aforementioned system controller, A sensor package comprising one or more control boards, wherein the one or more control boards are network-connected to the sensor and network-connected to the general-purpose computer, One or more applicators, Operator device and Equipped with, The general-purpose computer is network-connected to the sensor package by one or more control boards, and the sensor package is capable of detecting the presence of microorganisms. The sensor package is network-connected to one or more applicators, and the one or more applicators are configured to apply a decontamination process to remove microorganisms. The operator device is network-connected to the general-purpose computer via an application programming interface (API) gateway. The operator device displays the network interface to the operator, When the sensor package detects the presence of the microorganism, the warning subsystem warns the operator through a display on the network interface. The device driver subsystem is configured to issue control commands to the sensor package and the applicator via a low-level unidirectional interface. The API gateway provides access to the system controller, The system controller provides an abstraction layer to the API gateway. The API gateway is configured to accept and process incoming requests without storing local data. A multi-configuration system.

2. The operator device comprises a network interface configured to provide manual operation of the multi-configuration system by one or more people. The multi-configuration system according to claim 1.

3. When the system controller receives a warning generated by the warning subsystem for the presence of the microorganism, the multi-configuration system is configured to respond to the warning, The multi-configuration system according to claim 1.

4. The operator device is configured to provide remote control of the multi-configuration system by one or more people. The multi-configuration system according to claim 1.

5. The device driver subsystem is configured to send a command from the system controller to the applicator to initiate a decontamination cycle. The multi-configuration system according to claim 1.

6. The set of subsystems further includes one or more of the event subsystem, reporting subsystem, configuration subsystem, or software development kit. The multi-configuration system according to claim 1.

7. The sensor package comprises one or more control boards, which are network-connected to the sensor and to the general-purpose computer. The multi-configuration system according to claim 1.

8. The sensor is one or more selected from the group comprising a light sensor, a voltick sensor, a weight sensor, a moisture sensor, and a pressure sensor. The multi-configuration system according to claim 1.

9. The aforementioned general-purpose computer includes a single computer control board. The multi-configuration system according to claim 1.

10. A step of detecting the presence of microorganisms in a substantially enclosed space, wherein the presence of the microorganisms is detected by one or more sensors located within the substantially enclosed space. A step of alerting a system controller to the presence of the microorganism in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the system controller is network-connected to one or more sensors. A step of notifying an operator device of the presence of the microorganism in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the operator device is network-connected to the system controller via an API gateway, and the API gateway is configured to accept and process incoming requests without storing local data. A step of initiating a decontamination process to remove the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the decontamination process is applied by one or more applicators networked to the system controller, and further, the one or more applicators are located within the substantially enclosed space. A routine for setting instructions to be implemented in the multi-configuration system described in claim 1, Furthermore, after the event subsystem instructs the start of the decontamination process, the system controller starts the decontamination process by the one or more applicators. The event subsystem is a non-transient, tangible, computer-readable medium comprising a set of instructions for one or more applicators to initiate the decontamination process after one or more sensors have detected the presence of a specific microorganism. Includes instructions for decontaminating a substantially enclosed space, including routines for setting instructions. A non-temporary, tangible, computer-readable medium.

11. The aforementioned specific microorganism is a pathogen. The non-temporary computer-readable medium according to claim 10.

12. The aforementioned pathogen is a targeted bioterrorist agent. The non-temporary computer-readable medium according to claim 11.

13. The targeted bioterrorist agent is selected from the group consisting of anthrax (bacillus anthrax), plague (bacillus plague), and tularemia (bacillus tularemia). The non-temporary computer-readable medium according to claim 12.

14. The operator device is wirelessly connected to the system controller via a network. The non-temporary computer-readable medium according to claim 10.

15. A method for controlling the decontamination of a substantially enclosed space, comprising the steps of detecting the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the presence of the microorganisms is detected by one or more sensors located in the substantially enclosed space; A step of alerting a system controller to the presence of the microorganism in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the system controller is network-connected to one or more sensors. A step of notifying an operator device of the presence of the microorganism in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the operator device is network-connected to the system controller via an API gateway, and the API gateway is configured to accept and process incoming requests without storing local data. A step of initiating a decontamination process to remove the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the decontamination process is applied by one or more applicators networked to the system controller, and further, the one or more applicators are located within the substantially enclosed space, and further, (1) The operator device instructs the start of the decontamination process, or (2) After either step of instructing the event subsystem to start the decontamination process, the system controller starts the decontamination process by the one or more applicators, and the event subsystem is a non-temporary, tangible, computer-readable medium as described in claim 10. method.

16. The artificial structure is an office building. The method according to claim 15.

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