Negative pressure shielding device

Abstract

To provide a negative-pressure shield device which has a simple device structure and can be relatively inexpensively manufactured.SOLUTION: A negative-pressure shield device 1 includes: a shield body 2 installed inside a vehicle with a space into which persons other than the person to be transported can enter between the shield body and an interior wall of the vehicle, the shield body covering at least the head of the person to be transported; and a duct 3 that communicates with the inside of the shield body 2 and discharges air inside the shield body 2 to the outside of the vehicle. In this manner, the negative pressure shield device 1 can be manufactured relatively inexpensively with a simple device configuration.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a negative pressure shielding device that generates negative pressure inside.

Background Art

[0002] Recently, the novel coronavirus infection has become a global problem. Reducing contact with infected persons is an issue, and eliminating the infection risk for emergency medical team members (or medical personnel such as doctors and nurses in the case of a doctor car) when transporting a person suspected of being infected by ambulance is an important measure. For this reason, various negative pressure shielding devices integrated with a stretcher have been proposed (Patent Documents 1 to 3).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

[0007] As one embodiment of the negative pressure shielding device according to the present invention, The duct is connected to a ventilation opening located inside the vehicle. This configuration can be adopted.

[0008] As one embodiment of the negative pressure shielding device according to the present invention, The periphery of the shield body consists of left and right side walls, a front wall, and a rear wall. The shield itself encloses the person being transported lying down, covering their entire body. This configuration can be adopted.

[0009] As one embodiment of the negative pressure shielding device according to the present invention, The shield body is configured to be able to be unfolded flat by separating the appropriate edges of the ceiling, left and right side walls, front wall, and rear wall. This configuration can be adopted.

[0010] As one embodiment of the negative pressure shielding device according to the present invention, The air intake is located on the peripheral wall of the shield body, away from the duct. This configuration can be adopted. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] As described above, according to the present invention, a negative pressure shielding device can be obtained that can be manufactured relatively inexpensively with a simple device configuration. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0012] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the patient compartment of an ambulance equipped with a negative pressure shielding device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, as seen from the rear door side. [Figure 2]FIG. 2 is a perspective view seen from the driver's seat side within the same patient room. [Figure 3] FIG. 3(a) is a front view of the negative pressure shield device. FIG. 3(b) is a side view of the negative pressure shield device. [Figure 4] FIG. 4(a) is a front cross-sectional view of the negative pressure shield device. FIG. 4(b) is a side cross-sectional view of the negative pressure shield device. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a plan view of the negative pressure shield device in a deployed state. [Figure 6] FIG. 6(a) is a front view of the negative pressure shield device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6(b) is a side view of the negative pressure shield device. [Figure 7] FIG. 7(a) is a front cross-sectional view of the negative pressure shield device. FIG. 7(b) is a side cross-sectional view of the negative pressure shield device. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a plan view of the negative pressure shield device in a deployed state. [Figure 9] FIG. 9(a) is a front view of the negative pressure shield device according to another embodiment. FIG. 9(b) is a side cross-sectional view of the negative pressure shield device. [Figure 10] FIG. 10(a) is a front cross-sectional view of the negative pressure shield device according to another embodiment. FIG. 10(b) is a side cross-sectional view of the negative pressure shield device.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0013] <First Embodiment> Hereinafter, the negative pressure shield device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The negative pressure shield device according to the first embodiment is a negative pressure shield device mounted on the ambulance "Tri Heart" manufactured by Sapporo Body Industry Co., Ltd.

[0014] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the negative pressure shield device 1 comprises a shield body 2 and a connecting part 3. The shield body 2 is installed inside the patient compartment 20 of the ambulance and covers the patient 23 on a stretcher 22 mounted on a stretcher stand 21 inside the patient compartment 20. The connecting part 3 communicates with the inside of the shield body 2 and is connected to a ventilation opening 24 provided in the upper part of the patient compartment 20.

[0015] The shield body 2 is composed of a ceiling section 4 and a peripheral wall section 5. The ceiling section 4 and the peripheral wall section 5 are each made of a flexible and transparent sheet. In this embodiment, the ceiling section 4 and the peripheral wall section 5 are made of a vinyl sheet that has a certain thickness and strength so that it does not tear easily.

[0016] The ceiling section 4 has a shape corresponding to the shape of the stretcher stand 21 in a plan view. In this embodiment, the ceiling section 4 has a rectangular shape. The ceiling section 4 is positioned close to the ceiling of the patient room 20.

[0017] The peripheral wall section 5 is composed of a side wall section 6, a front wall section 7, and a rear wall section 8. The side wall section 6 is the portion along the side wall of the patient room 20. The front wall section 7 is the portion on the driver's side of the ambulance. The rear wall section 8 is the portion on the rear door side of the patient room 20. The side wall section 6 has a width corresponding to the length in the front-rear direction of the stretcher stand 21. The front wall section 7 and the rear wall section 8 each have a width corresponding to the width of the stretcher stand 21. The side wall section 6, the front wall section 7, and the rear wall section 8 hang down from each side of the ceiling section 4 and have a length that is in contact with or close to the floor surface of the patient room 20.

[0018] As a result, the shield body 2 has a vertically elongated box shape with an open bottom, housing the stretcher stand 21, the stretcher 22, and the patient 23 inside, and covering the entire body of the patient 23.

[0019] The stretcher support frame 21 is movable in the vehicle width direction. However, the shield body 2 has sufficient length in the vertical direction. Therefore, no matter what position the stretcher support frame 21 is in, it never protrudes from the shield body 2 and is always kept housed inside the shield body 2.

[0020] Furthermore, due to the height relationship between the stretcher stand 21 and the stretcher 22, the patient 23 is positioned at approximately half the height of the patient room 20. Therefore, there is sufficient distance between the patient 23 and the ceiling 4 of the shield body 2. As a result, the patient 23 can assume an upright posture within the internal space (isolation room) of the shield body 2.

[0021] The connecting part 3 is cylindrical, either square or round, and serves as an intake duct. An opening is formed in the ceiling 4, and one end of the connecting part 3 is attached to this opening. The connecting part 3 is made of a flexible and transparent sheet formed into a cylinder. In this embodiment, the connecting part 3, like the shield body 2, is made of a vinyl sheet with a certain thickness and strength that prevents it from tearing easily. As a result, the connecting part 3 is flexible, and the position and orientation of the other end of the opening can be freely adjusted within a predetermined range. A ventilation opening 24 is provided in the ceiling of the patient room 20 directly above the opening, and the other end of the connecting part 3 is attached so as to cover (surround) the ventilation opening 24. Various known means such as tape, hook-and-loop fasteners, and adhesives can be used to attach the connecting part 3 to the ceiling of the patient room 20 around the ventilation opening 24.

[0022] When the ventilation fan is turned ON, air from inside the shield body 2 is drawn in through the ventilation opening 24 and the inside of the connection part 3. As a result, the inside of the shield body 2 becomes a negative pressure atmosphere, and the patient's exhaled breath does not leak out of the shield body 2 to the outside, but is all discharged outside the patient room 20 through the connection part 3 and ventilation opening 24. Therefore, the risk of infection for paramedics (or, in the case of a doctor car, medical personnel such as doctors and nurses) in the driver's seat or the patient room 20 can be eliminated.

[0023] The ceiling section 4 is provided with locking parts 9 along the front-to-back direction within the patient room 20. More specifically, the ceiling section 4 is provided with a pair of locking parts 9, 9 along each side edge. Therefore, the distance between the pair of locking parts 9, 9 corresponds to the width of the stretcher stand 21. The locking parts 9 are formed by joining (for example, heat-sealing) the side edge of the sheet of the ceiling section 4 and the upper edge of the sheet of the side wall section 6 at a predetermined width. As a result, the locking parts 9 are strip-shaped pieces extending along the front-to-back direction within the patient room 20, and are reinforced strip-shaped pieces with increased thickness compared to the other sheets.

[0024] The locking portion 9 is provided with a plurality of locking holes 9a, ... at predetermined intervals. In this embodiment, the locking holes 9a are holes in eyelets attached to the strip-shaped piece.

[0025] A pair of parallel handrails 25, 25 are provided on the ceiling of the patient room 20, extending in the front-to-back direction of the patient room 20 and spaced apart. The spacing between the pair of handrails 25, 25 corresponds to the width of the stretcher stand 21. One end of the S-shaped hook 26 is hooked into the locking hole 9a of the locking part 9, and the other end of the S-shaped hook 26 is hooked onto the handrail 25. As a result, the shield body 2 is suspended and supported within the patient room 20 while maintaining its box shape.

[0026] The shield body 2 is provided with an entrance / exit in the rear wall 8. In this embodiment, an opening / closing line 10, for example, made of a fastener, is provided along the two perpendicular sides of the upper edge and side edge of the rear wall 8. By opening this opening / closing line 10, the entrance / exit opens, allowing the stretcher 22 to be loaded and unloaded. Conversely, by closing the opening / closing line 10, the entrance / exit closes, sealing the shield body 2.

[0027] The shield body 2 is equipped with multiple arm insertion openings at appropriate locations. For example, one pair of arm insertion openings is provided near the front wall 7 of the side wall 6 for accessing the upper body of the patient 23. Another pair of arm insertion openings is provided near the rear wall 8 of the side wall 6 for accessing the lower body of the patient 23. Yet another pair of arm insertion openings is provided on the front wall 7 for accessing the head and face of the patient 23. In this embodiment, for example, an opening / closing line 11 made of a fastener is provided, and by opening this opening / closing line 11, the arm insertion openings open, allowing arms to be inserted into the inside of the shield body 2. In addition, a shielding body 12 is provided to cover the opening / closing line 11 from the inside to prevent contaminated air (droplets, etc.) from leaking out of the inside of the shield body 2 through the arm insertion openings. The shielding body 12 is made of a sheet of the same material as the shield body 2, and its upper edge is joined (for example, heat-sealed) to the shield body 2.

[0028] As shown in Figure 5, the shield body 2 is configured to be unfoldable flat by separating appropriate edges of the ceiling portion 4, side wall portion 6, front wall portion 7, and rear wall portion 8. Specifically, appropriate opening and closing lines with fasteners, such as the opening and closing line 10 with fasteners, are provided to allow the shield body 2 to be unfolded flat.

[0029] Thus, according to the negative pressure shielding device 1 of this embodiment, it is possible to create a negative pressure only in the patient-only area (the area above the stretcher 22), which is a part of the space inside the patient room 20, thereby eliminating the risk of infection to other people inside the vehicle and effectively preventing the scattering and adhesion of infectious substances to medical equipment and other items installed inside the patient room 20, thereby effectively preventing secondary infections.

[0030] Furthermore, according to the negative pressure shield device 1 of this embodiment, the peripheral wall portion 5 of the shield body 2 not only surrounds the patient 23, but by adding the ceiling portion 4 to the configuration of the shield body 2, the patient 23 can be completely enclosed and covered, effectively preventing scattering from above.

[0031] Furthermore, according to the negative pressure shield device 1 of this embodiment, the shield body 2 can be installed simply by hanging it on the handrails 25, 25 provided above the patient room 20 using the S-shaped hooks 26, making it easy to install. Conversely, the shield body 2 can be removed simply by removing the S-shaped hooks 26, making maintenance easy.

[0032] Furthermore, according to the negative pressure shield device 1 of this embodiment, since the shield body 2 is transparent, the patient's overall condition can be observed visually.

[0033] Furthermore, according to the negative pressure shield device 1 of this embodiment, the shield body 2 can be unfolded (disassembled) into a flat state, so it can be spread out on the ground (using a deck brush, etc.) and washed with water during cleaning and disinfection work.

[0034] Furthermore, according to the negative pressure shield device 1 of this embodiment, there is sufficient distance between the patient 23 and the ceiling portion 4 of the shield body 2, so it can be applied to patients who cannot assume a supine position (for example, asthma patients who prefer to be in an upright position, or patients who need to keep their legs bent). In other words, the negative pressure shield device 1 of this embodiment provides a very high degree of freedom in the patient's body position.

[0035] <Second Embodiment> Next, a negative pressure shielding device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The negative pressure shielding device according to the second embodiment is a negative pressure shielding device that is installed in Toyota's "HiMedic" ambulance and Nissan's "Paramedic" ambulance.

[0036] In these vehicle models, when viewed from the rear, the stretcher base 21 is located in the right half of the patient room 20, and the ceiling of the patient room 20 is not flat, but curved and slopes downward towards the side walls of the patient room 20. Therefore, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the ceiling portion 4 of the negative pressure shielding device 1 according to this embodiment is inclined to match the ceiling of the patient room 20.

[0037] Furthermore, only one handrail can be installed on the ceiling of the patient room 20. Therefore, the higher locking part 9 is attached to this handrail, and the lower locking part 9 is attached to a handrail or the like installed on the upper part of the side wall of the patient room 20.

[0038] Furthermore, since there is no space for a person to enter between the side wall portion 6 on the side wall side of the patient room 20 and the side wall of the patient room 20, an arm insertion opening is not provided in this side wall portion 6. Instead, as shown in Figure 7, one or more similar configurations are provided (for example, a fastener-operated opening / closing wire 13 and a shielding body 14), which are used as entry points for drawing in cords, cables, and other wires of medical equipment installed on the side wall (shelf) of the patient room 20. In this case, the fastener must be operable to open and close from inside the shield body 2. For this reason, a fastener with slider pulls on both sides (a so-called double-sided slider type fastener) is used.

[0039] Thus, the negative pressure shielding device 1 according to this embodiment also provides the same effects and advantages as the negative pressure shielding device 1 according to the first embodiment.

[0040] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0041] For example, in each of the above embodiments, the ceiling portion 4 and the surrounding wall portion 5 are configured with a clear boundary. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The physical boundary between the ceiling portion and the surrounding wall portion may not be clear.

[0042] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the ceiling portion 4 is constructed using a vinyl sheet, similar to the surrounding wall portion 5. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The ceiling portion may be constructed using a different material than the surrounding wall portion, and it does not have to be transparent.

[0043] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the shield body 2 is constructed using only a vinyl sheet and is maintained in an appropriate shape by utilizing the handrail 25, so no frame or the like is used. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In order to maintain the shield body 2 in an appropriate shape, a frame or the like may be used to obtain a fixed shape.

[0044] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the shield body 2 has a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the shape of the stretcher 22, thereby covering the entire body of the patient 23. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The length of the shield body in the front-to-back direction may be shortened to cover only the upper body or only the head of the patient.

[0045] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the shield body 2 is secured to the upper part of the patient room 20 using an S-shaped hook 26. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various known means such as string, tape, magnetic hooks, and hook-and-loop fasteners can be used to secure the shield body 2 to the upper part of the patient room 20.

[0046] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, an air intake port 15 can be provided, as shown in Figure 9. The air intake port 15 is an opening formed in a suitable location on the shield body 2. Additionally, a high-precision HEPA filter 16 can be provided in this opening. This allows clean air to be drawn into the inside of the shield body 2. Preferably, the air intake port 15 is provided in a location on the peripheral wall 5 that is far from the connection portion 3, for example, on the front wall portion 7 or on the side wall portion 6 closer to the front wall portion 7.

[0047] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, as shown in Figure 9, a high-precision HEPA filter 17 can be provided at the connection part 3. This allows the air to be purified and discharged outside the patient room 20.

[0048] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, a second connecting portion 18 may be provided, as shown in Figure 10. The connecting portion 18 is connected to an ozone gas generator installed in the patient room 20. This allows for efficient sterilization of only the inside of the shield body 2. The connecting portion 18 is made of a flexible and transparent sheet formed into a tube. The connecting portion 18 has the same structure as the connecting portion 3, except for minor differences in size and shape. In this embodiment, the connecting portion 18 is made of a vinyl sheet that has a certain thickness and strength that prevents it from being easily torn, similar to the shield body 2. As a result, the connecting portion 18 is flexible, and the position and orientation of the other open end can be freely adjusted within a predetermined range. The ozone gas generator is usually installed on the side wall (shelf) of the patient room 20. In this case, the connecting portion 18 is provided on the side wall 6.

[0049] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the arm insertion opening is constructed using, for example, an opening / closing wire 11 with a fastener. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Needless to say, various types of arm insertion openings can be used, such as the circular general arm insertion opening described in Patent Documents 1 and 2. [Explanation of symbols]

[0050] 1... Negative pressure shielding device, 2... Shield body, 3... Connection part (intake duct), 4... Ceiling part, 5... Peripheral wall part, 6... Side wall part, 7... Front wall part, 8... Rear wall part, 9... Locking part, 9a... Locking hole (eyelet), 10... Opening / closing wire (fastener), 11... Opening / closing wire (fastener), 12... Shielding body, 13... Opening / closing wire (fastener), 14... Shielding body, 15... Air intake, 16... Filter, 17... Filter, 18... Connection part, 20... Patient room, 21... Stretcher stand, 22... Stretcher, 23... Patient, 24... Ventilation opening, 25... Handrail, 26... S-shaped hook (connecting means)

Claims

1. The shield is installed inside the vehicle with space between it and the interior wall for others who are not being transported to enter, and is composed of a ceiling section and a peripheral wall section that hangs down from the ceiling section, with the lower part open and covering at least the head of the person being transported, It is equipped with a duct that communicates with the inside of the shield body and discharges the air inside the shield body to the outside of the vehicle. The shield body is constructed using a flexible sheet, at least on its peripheral walls, and is equipped with air intakes. Negative pressure shielding device.

2. The duct is connected to a ventilation opening located inside the vehicle. The negative pressure shielding device according to claim 1.

3. The periphery of the shield body consists of left and right side walls, a front wall, and a rear wall. The shield itself encloses the person being transported lying down, covering their entire body. A negative pressure shielding device according to claim 1 or claim 2.

4. The shield body is configured to be able to be unfolded flat by separating the appropriate edges of the ceiling, left and right side walls, front wall, and rear wall. The negative pressure shielding device according to claim 3.

5. The air intake is provided on the peripheral wall of the shield body, away from the duct. A negative pressure shielding device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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