Terminals, wireless communication methods, base stations and systems

Abstract

A terminal according to an aspect of the present disclosure is provided with: a control unit that derives a channel state information (CSI) report on the basis of bits that are output by inputting, to an encoder, input information including compression-related information for changing settings or operations of the encoder; and a transmission unit that transmits the CSI report. The aspect of the present disclosure makes it possible to achieve suitable overhead reduction, channel estimation, and resource utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method in a next-generation mobile communication system 、 base station and system and is concerned with.

Background Art

[0002] In a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network, Long Term Evolution (LTE) was specified for the purpose of further high-speed data rates, low latency, etc. (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, for the purpose of further large capacity and sophistication of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel.) 8, 9), LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel.10-14) was specified.

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (for example, also referred to as 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+(plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel.15 and later, etc.) are also being considered.

Prior Art Documents

Non-Patent Documents

[0004]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

[0005] Regarding future wireless communication technologies, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies such as machine learning (ML) for network / device control and management is being considered.

[0006] For example, channel state information (CSI) feedback using an autoencoder is being considered.

[0007] Ideally, a single AI model could be used for multiple configurations (e.g., CSI reporting with different bandwidths). However, methods for realizing such a model have not yet been thoroughly investigated. If the implementation method for such a model is not properly defined, it may not be possible to achieve appropriate overhead reduction, high-precision channel estimation, and efficient resource utilization, potentially hindering improvements in communication throughput and communication quality.

[0008] Therefore, this disclosure provides a terminal and wireless communication method that can achieve suitable overhead reduction, channel estimation, and resource utilization. 、 base station and system One of the objectives is to provide [this]. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] A terminal according to one aspect of this disclosure includes a control unit that inputs input information including compression-related information for changing the settings or operation of the encoder to the encoder and derives a Channel State Information (CSI) report based on the output bits, and a transmission unit that transmits the CSI report. Furthermore, the compression-related information includes the frequency information of the CSI. . [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to one aspect of this disclosure, suitable overhead reduction, channel estimation, and resource utilization can be achieved. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0011] [Figure 1] Figure 1 shows an example of a framework for managing AI models. [Figure 2] Figure 2 shows an example of CSI feedback using an encoder / decoder. [Figure 3] Figure 3 shows an example of an AI model. [Figure 4] Figures 4A-4F show an example of the shape of the input information according to Embodiment 1.1. [Figure 5] Figure 5 shows an example of how the input information according to Embodiment 1.2 is reconstructed. [Figure 6] Figure 6 shows an example of the AI ​​model settings according to Embodiment 1.3. [Figure 7] Figure 7 shows the relationship between the BWP size and subband size in the existing Rel.15 / 16 NR. [Figure 8] Figure 8 shows the relationship between the BWP size and the subband size in Embodiment 2.1. [Figure 9] Figure 9 shows the relationship between the BWP size and the subband size in Embodiment 2.2. [Figure 10] Figures 10A and 10B show an example of adjustments to the input to the encoder in Embodiment 3.2. [Figure 11] Figure 11 shows an example of adjustments to the input to the encoder in Embodiment 3.4. [Figure 12] Figure 12 shows an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. [Figure 13] Figure 13 shows an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0012] (Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Technology to Wireless Communication) Regarding future wireless communication technologies, it has been considered to utilize AI technologies such as Machine Learning (ML) for network / device control, management, etc.

[0013] For example, regarding future wireless communication technologies, it has been considered to utilize AI technologies for improving Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI) feedback (e.g., overhead reduction, accuracy improvement, prediction), improving beam management (e.g., accuracy improvement, prediction in time / space domains), improving position measurement (e.g., improvement of position estimation / prediction), etc.

[0014] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a framework for managing an AI model. In this example, each stage related to the AI model is shown as a block. This example is also expressed as the life cycle management of the AI model.

[0015] The data collection stage corresponds to the stage of collecting data for generating / updating the AI model. The data collection stage may include data arrangement (e.g., determination of which data to transfer for model training / model inference), data transfer (e.g., transferring data to an entity (e.g., UE, gNB) that performs model training / model inference), etc.

[0016] In the model training stage, the model is trained based on the data (training data) transferred from the collection stage. This stage may include data preparation (e.g., data preprocessing, cleaning, formatting, transformation, etc.), model training / validation, model testing (e.g., verifying whether the trained model meets performance thresholds), model exchange (e.g., transferring the model for distributed learning), and model deployment / update (deploying / updating the model to entities that perform model inference).

[0017] In the model inference stage, model inference is performed based on the data (inference data) transferred from the collection stage. This stage may include data preparation (e.g., data preprocessing, cleaning, formatting, and transformation), model inference, model monitoring (e.g., monitoring the performance of the model inference), model performance feedback (feeding back model performance to the entities training the model), and output (providing the model output to the actors).

[0018] The actor stage may include action triggers (e.g., deciding whether or not to trigger an action on another entity), feedback (e.g., providing feedback on training data / inference data / information needed for performance feedback), etc.

[0019] Furthermore, training a model for mobility optimization, for example, may be performed in a network (NW) maintenance, administration, and maintenance (Management) (OAM) / gNodeB (gNB). The former offers advantages in terms of interoperability, large-capacity storage, operator manageability, and model flexibility (feature engineering, etc.). The latter offers advantages in that it eliminates the need for model update latency and data exchange for model deployment. Inference of the above model may be performed in a gNB, for example.

[0020] Furthermore, the entities used for training / inference may differ depending on the use case.

[0021] For example, in AI-assisted beam management based on measurement reports, OAM / gNB may perform model training and gNB may perform model inference.

[0022] For AI-assisted UE-assisted positioning, a Location Management Function (LMF) may perform model training and model inference.

[0023] For CSI feedback / channel estimation using an autoencoder, the OAM / gNB / UE may perform model training, and the gNB / UE may perform model inference (jointly).

[0024] For AI-assisted beam management or AI-assisted UE-based positioning based on beam measurements, the OAM / gNB / UE may perform model training and the UE may perform model inference.

[0025] (Autoencoder for CSI feedback) Figure 2 shows an example of CSI feedback using an encoder / decoder. The UE transmits information (CSI feedback) from the antenna, which includes encoded bits output by inputting input information to the encoder. The base station inputs the received CSI feedback bits to the corresponding decoder to obtain reconstructed input information.

[0026] The input information may be, for example, channel coefficient information, or precoding coefficient information (elements of the precoding matrix). The input information may also correspond to CSI.

[0027] The encoded bits are more compressed than the input information before encoding, which is expected to reduce the communication overhead associated with CSI feedback.

[0028] Incidentally, for resource management purposes, it is preferable for the network to be able to understand the CSI at different bandwidths. Since the size of the encoder's input / output is related to bandwidth, it is preferable to be able to change the size (number of bits) of the encoder's input / output. However, typically, one AI model is associated with only a specific size. Encoders that can accommodate such flexible input / output sizes have not been well considered.

[0029] Furthermore, configuring the UE to utilize multiple AI models for resource management presents another challenge. For example, notifying the UE of AI model information from the network requires significant communication overhead. In particular, high-performance AI models are generally complex, and notifying them requires a vast amount of information. Moreover, making multiple AI models executable in the UE (which could also be described as compiling them) is difficult due to the large amount of memory required.

[0030] Therefore, it would be desirable to be able to use a single AI model for multiple settings (e.g., CSI reporting with different bandwidths). However, methods for realizing such a model have not yet been thoroughly investigated. If the implementation method for such a model is not properly defined, appropriate overhead reduction, highly accurate channel estimation, and efficient resource utilization may not be achieved, potentially hindering improvements in communication throughput and communication quality.

[0031] Therefore, the inventors conceived of an autoencoder suitable for compressing CSI feedback. Note that each embodiment of this disclosure may be applied when AI / prediction is not used.

[0032] In one embodiment of this disclosure, a terminal (user terminal, User Equipment (UE)) / base station (BS) trains an ML model in training mode and runs the ML model in inference mode (also called inference mode, etc.). In inference mode, the accuracy of the trained ML model trained in training mode may be validated.

[0033] In this disclosure, the UE / BS may input channel status information, reference signal measurements, etc., to the ML model and output high-precision channel status information / measurements / beam selection / position, future channel status information / wireless link quality, etc.

[0034] In this disclosure, AI may be interpreted as an object (also called a subject, object, data, function, program, etc.) having (implementing) at least one of the following characteristics: • Estimation based on observed or collected information • Selection based on observed or collected information. • Predictions based on observed or collected information.

[0035] In this disclosure, an object may be, for example, a device such as a terminal or base station. Furthermore, in this disclosure, an object may refer to a program / model / entity operating on such device.

[0036] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the ML model may be replaced with an object having (implementing) at least one of the following features: • By providing information (feeding), estimates are generated. By providing information, predict the estimated value. By providing information, we can discover features. • By providing information, the user can select an action.

[0037] Furthermore, in this disclosure, ML models, models, AI models, predictive analytics, predictive analytics models, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, ML models may be derived using at least one of the following: regression analysis (e.g., linear regression analysis, multiple regression analysis, logistic regression analysis), support vector machines, random forests, neural networks, deep learning, etc. In this disclosure, models may be interpreted as at least one of the following: encoders, decoders, tools, etc.

[0038] An ML model outputs at least one piece of information based on the input information, such as an estimate, a prediction, a chosen action, or a classification.

[0039] ML models may include supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning. Supervised learning may be used to learn general rules for mapping inputs to outputs. Unsupervised learning may be used to learn data features. Reinforcement learning may be used to learn actions to maximize an objective (goal).

[0040] In this disclosure, terms such as generation, calculation, and derivation may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as implementation, operation, function, and execution may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as training, learning, updating, and retraining may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as inference, after-training, production use, and actual use may be interpreted interchangeably. Signal may be interpreted interchangeably with signal / channel.

[0041] In this disclosure, the training mode may correspond to the mode in which the UE / BS transmits / receives signals for the ML model (in other words, the mode of operation during the training period). In this disclosure, the inference mode may correspond to the mode in which the UE / BS implements the ML model (e.g., implements the trained ML model to predict the output) (in other words, the mode of operation during the inference period).

[0042] In this disclosure, the training mode may mean a mode in which a particular signal transmitted in the inference mode is transmitted in a manner that has high overhead (e.g., high resource usage).

[0043] In this disclosure, the training mode may mean a mode that references a first configuration (e.g., a first DMRS configuration, a first CSI-RS configuration, a first CSI reporting configuration). In this disclosure, the inference mode may mean a mode that references a second configuration different from the first configuration (e.g., a second DMRS configuration, a second CSI-RS configuration, a second CSI reporting configuration). The first configuration may have at least one more time resource, frequency resource, code resource, or port (antenna port) related to measurement than the second configuration. For example, the CSI reporting configuration may include a configuration related to the autoencoder.

[0044] The embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Each wireless communication method according to the embodiments may be applied individually or in combination.

[0045] In the following embodiments, the relevant entities are the UE and BS to illustrate an ML model relating to communication between UEs and BSs, but the application of each embodiment of this disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, for communication between other entities (e.g., UE-UE communication), the UE and BS in the embodiments below may be replaced with a first UE and a second UE. In other words, any UE, BS, etc. in this disclosure may be replaced with any UE / BS.

[0046] In this disclosure, AI model information may mean information including at least one of the following: • Input / output information of the AI ​​model, • Pre-processing / post-processing information for AI model input / output, • Information on AI model parameters, • Training information for AI models • Inference information for AI models, • Performance information regarding the AI ​​model.

[0047] Here, the input / output information of the above AI model may include information about at least one of the following: • Contents of input / output data (e.g., RSRP, SINR, amplitude / phase information in the channel matrix (or precoding matrix), information on the angle of arrival (AoA), information on the angle of departure (AoD), position information), • Supplementary information about the data (may also be called metadata) • Input / output data type (e.g., immutable value, floating-point number) • Quantization interval (quantization step size) of input / output data (e.g., 1 dBm for L1-RSRP), • The range of possible input / output data (e.g., [0, 1]).

[0048] In this disclosure, AoA information may include information on at least one of the azimuth angle of arrival and the zenith angle of arrival (ZoA). AoD information may include, for example, information on at least one of the azimuth angle of departure and the zenith angle of departure (ZoD).

[0049] In this disclosure, location information may be location information relating to the UE / NW. Location information may include at least one of the following: information obtained using a positioning system (e.g., satellite positioning system (Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Global Positioning System (GPS), etc.)) (e.g., latitude, longitude, altitude); information about a base station adjacent to (or serving) the UE (e.g., base station / cell identifier (ID), distance between BS and UE, direction / angle of BS(UE) as seen from UE(BS), coordinates of BS(UE) as seen from UE(BS) (e.g., X / Y / Z axis coordinates), etc.); and a specific address of the UE (e.g., Internet Protocol (IP) address). The location information of the UE is not limited to information based on the location of the BS, but may also be information based on a specific point.

[0050] Location information may include information about its own implementation (for example, the location / position of the antenna, the location / position of the antenna panel, the number of antennas, the number of antenna panels, etc.).

[0051] Location information may include mobility information. Mobility information may include information indicating the mobility type, the movement speed of the UE, the acceleration of the UE, and the direction of movement of the UE, or at least one of these.

[0052] Here, the mobility type may fall under at least one of the following categories: fixed location UE, movable / moving UE, no mobility UE, low mobility UE, middle mobility UE, high mobility UE, cell-edge UE, not-cell-edge UE, etc.

[0053] In this disclosure, the environmental information (for the data) may also be information about the environment in which the data is acquired / used, and may include, for example, frequency information (such as band ID), environment type information (information indicating at least one of the following: indoor, outdoor, Urban Macro (UMa), Urban Micro (Umi)), or Line of Site (LOS) / Non-Line of Site (NLOS) information.

[0054] Here, LOS may mean that the UE and the base station are in a line of sight to each other (or there are no obstructions), and NLOS may mean that the UE and the base station are not in a line of sight to each other (or there are obstructions). The information indicating LOS / NLOS may be a soft value (e.g., the probability of LOS / NLOS) or a hard value (e.g., either LOS or NLOS).

[0055] In this disclosure, metadata may mean, for example, information about input / output information suitable for an AI model, information about acquired / acquirable data, etc. Specifically, metadata may include information about RS (e.g., CSI-RS / SRS / SSB, etc.) beams (e.g., the angle of each beam, 3dB beamwidth, shape of the beam being directed, number of beams), gNB / UE antenna layout information, frequency information, environmental information, metadata ID, etc. The metadata may also be used as input / output for the AI ​​model.

[0056] The pre-processing / post-processing information for the input / output of the above AI model may include information about at least one of the following: Whether or not to apply normalization (e.g., Z-score normalization, min-max normalization), • Parameters for normalization (e.g., mean / variance for Z-score normalization, minimum / maximum value for minimum-maximum normalization), Whether or not to apply a specific numerical conversion method (e.g., one-hot encoding, label encoding, etc.) • Selection rules for whether or not to use the data for training.

[0057] For example, Z-score normalization (x) is performed as a preprocessing step for input information x. new Normalized input information x = (x-μ) / σ, where μ is the mean of x and σ is the standard deviation. new You can also input this into the AI ​​model, and the output y from the AI ​​model out The final output y may be obtained by applying post-processing to the result.

[0058] The parameter information for the above AI model may include information on at least one of the following: • Weight information in AI models (e.g., neuron coefficients (connection coefficients)), • Structure of the AI ​​model • Types of AI models as model components (e.g., Residual Network (ResNet), DenseNet, RefineNet, Transformer models, CRBlock, Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU)) • Functionality of the AI ​​model as a model component (e.g., decoder, encoder).

[0059] Furthermore, the weight information in the above AI model may include information about at least one of the following: • Bit width (size) of weight information, • Quantization interval of weight information, • Granularity of weight information, • The range of possible weight information, • Weight parameters in AI models • Information on the differences from the AI ​​model before the update (if updating), • Methods for weight initialization (e.g., zero initialization, random initialization (based on normal distribution / uniform distribution / truncated normal distribution), Xavier initialization (for sigmoid function), He initialization (for Rectified Linear Units (ReLU))).

[0060] Furthermore, the structure of the above AI model may include information about at least one of the following: • Number of layers, • Layer type (e.g., convolutional layer, activation layer, dense layer, normalization layer, pooling layer, attention layer), Layer information, • Time series-specific parameters (e.g., bidirectionality, time step), • Parameters for training (e.g., the type of function (L2 regularization, dropout function, etc.), and where to place this function (e.g., after which layer)).

[0061] The above layer information may include information about at least one of the following: • Number of neurons in each layer, • Kernel size, • Stride for pooling layer / convolutional layer, • Pooling methods (MaxPooling, AveragePooling, etc.) Command residual block information, • Number of heads, • Normalization methods (batch normalization, instance normalization, layer normalization, etc.) • Activation functions (sigmoid, tanh function, ReLU, leaky ReLU information, Maxout, Softmax).

[0062] Figure 3 shows an example of an AI model. This example shows an AI model that includes ResNet as model component #1, a transformer model as model component #2, a dense layer, and a normalization layer. Thus, one AI model may be included as a component of another AI model. Note that Figure 3 may also show an AI model where processing proceeds from left to right.

[0063] The training information for the above AI model may include information about at least one of the following: • Information for the optimization algorithm (e.g., type of optimization (Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD)), AdaGrad, Adam, etc.), optimization parameters (learning rate, momentum information, etc.), • Information on the loss function (for example, information on the metrics of the loss function (mean absolute error (MAE), mean squared error (MSE), cross-entropy loss, NLLLoss, Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, etc.)), • Parameters to be frozen for training (e.g., layers, weights) • Parameters to be updated (e.g., layer, weights) • Parameters that should be used as initial parameters for training (e.g., layers, weights), • How to train / update the AI ​​model (e.g., (recommended) number of epochs, batch size, and amount of data to use for training).

[0064] The inference information for the above AI model may include information regarding decision tree branch pruning, parameter quantization, and the functionality of the AI ​​model. Here, the functionality of the AI ​​model may be at least one of the following: time-domain beam prediction, spatial-domain beam prediction, autoencoder for CSI feedback, autoencoder for beam management, etc.

[0065] Autoencoders for CSI feedback may be used as follows: The UE inputs the CSI / channel matrix / precoding matrix to the encoder's AI model and sends the encoded bits, which are output, as CSI feedback (CSI report). BS reconstructs the CSI / channel matrix / precoding matrix, which is output by inputting the received encoded bits into the decoder's AI model.

[0066] In spatial domain beam prediction, the UE / BS may input measurement results (beam quality, e.g., RSRP) based on a sparse (or wide) beam into an AI model and output a dense (or narrow) beam quality.

[0067] In time-domain beam forecasting, the UE / BS may input time-series (past, present, etc.) measurement results (beam quality, e.g., RSRP) into an AI model to output future beam quality.

[0068] The performance information for the above AI model may include information regarding the expected value of the loss function defined for the AI ​​model.

[0069] The AI ​​model information in this disclosure may include information regarding the scope of application (applicability) of the AI ​​model. This scope may be indicated by physical cell IDs, serving cell indexes, etc. Information regarding the scope may be included in the environmental information described above.

[0070] AI model information for a specific AI model may be predetermined in the standard, or it may be notified to the UE from the Network (NW). An AI model defined in the standard may be called a reference AI model. AI model information for a reference AI model may be called reference AI model information.

[0071] Furthermore, the AI ​​model information in this disclosure may include an index for identifying the AI ​​model (which may be called, for example, an AI model index, an AI model ID, or a model ID). The AI ​​model information in this disclosure may include, in addition to or instead of, the AI ​​model index, in addition to the AI ​​model input / output information, etc. The association between the AI ​​model index and the AI ​​model information (for example, the AI ​​model input / output information) may be predetermined in the standard or notified from the network to the UE.

[0072] The AI ​​model information in this disclosure may also be referred to as AI model-related information (relevant information), or simply related information. AI model-related information does not necessarily have to explicitly include information for identifying an AI model. AI model-related information may include, for example, only metadata.

[0073] In this disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. In this disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0074] In this disclosure, terms such as activate, deactivate, indicate, select, configure, update, and determine may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and operable may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0075] In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher-layer parameters, fields, Information Elements (IE), settings, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control elements (MAC Control Element (CE)), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0076] In this disclosure, the upper-layer signaling may be, for example, Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, or a combination thereof.

[0077] In this disclosure, MAC signaling may include, for example, MAC Control Elements (MAC CEs) and MAC Protocol Data Units (PDUs). Broadcast information may include, for example, Master Information Blocks (MIBs), System Information Blocks (SIBs), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSIs), and Other System Information (OSIs).

[0078] In this disclosure, physical layer signaling may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI).

[0079] In this disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, and resource ID may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, and subset may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0080] In this disclosure, the terms used include: panel, UE panel, panel group, beam, beam group, precoder, Uplink (UL) transmit entity, Transmission / Reception Point (TRP), base station, Spatial Relation Information (SRI), spatial relationship, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), Control Resource Set (CORESET), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), Reference Signal (RS), antenna port (e.g., Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port), antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), group (e.g., spatial relationship group, Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal group, CORESET group, Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) groups, PUCCH resource groups, resources (e.g., reference signal resources, SRS resources), resource sets (e.g., reference signal resource sets), CORESET pools, downlink Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state) (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, quasi-co-location (QCL), QCL assumptions, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0081] In this disclosure, CSI-RS, Non Zero Power (NZP) CSI-RS, Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS, and CSI Interference Measurement (CSI-IM) may be interpreted interchangeably. Furthermore, CSI-RS may include other reference signals.

[0082] In this disclosure, the measured / reported RS may mean the RS measured / reported for the CSI report.

[0083] In this disclosure, timing, time, duration, slot, sub-slot, symbol, subframe, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0084] In this disclosure, terms such as direction, axis, dimension, domain, polarization, and polarization component may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0085] In this disclosure, RS may be, for example, CSI-RS, SS / PBCH block (SS block (SSB)), etc. Also, RS index may be a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), SS / PBCH block resource indicator (SSBRI), etc.

[0086] In this disclosure, estimation, prediction, and inference may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in this disclosure, estimate, predict, and infer may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0087] In this disclosure, autoencoders, encoders, decoders, etc., may be interpreted as at least one of a model, ML model, neural network model, AI model, AI algorithm, etc. Furthermore, autoencoders may be interpreted as any autoencoder, such as a stacked autoencoder or a convolutional autoencoder. The encoders / decoders in this disclosure may employ models such as Residual Network (ResNet), DenseNet, and RefineNet.

[0088] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as encoder, encoding, encoding, and modification / change / control by an encoder may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in this disclosure, terms such as decoder, decoding, decoding, and modification / change / control by a decoder may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0089] In this disclosure, channel measurement / estimation may be performed using, for example, at least one of the following: a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), a Synchronization Signal (SS), a Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel (SS / PBCH) block, a DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS), or a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS).

[0090] In this disclosure, CSI may include at least one of the following: a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), a CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI), an SS / PBCH Block Resource Indicator (SSBRI), a Layer Indicator (LI), a Rank Indicator (RI), L1-RSRP (Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power), L1-RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality), L1-SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio), L1-SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio), information regarding the channel matrix (or channel coefficients), and information regarding the precoding matrix (or precoding coefficients).

[0091] In this disclosure, UCI, CSI report, CSI feedback, feedback information, feedback bits, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in this disclosure, bits, bit sequences, bit series, sequences, values, information, values ​​obtained from bits, information obtained from bits, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0092] In this disclosure, the term "layer" (referring to an encoder) may be interpreted interchangeably with the terms "input layer," "hidden layer," etc., used in an AI model. The layers in this disclosure may correspond to at least one of the following: an input layer, a hidden layer, an output layer, a batch normalization layer, a convolutional layer, an activation layer, a dense layer, a normalization layer, a pooling layer, an attention layer, a dropout layer, a fully connected layer, etc.

[0093] In this disclosure, terms such as encoding, encoded, compressing, and compressed may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0094] (Wireless communication method) <First Embodiment> The first embodiment relates to input (input information) to an encoder.

[0095] [Embodiment 1.1] The input information may include information to be compressed (hereinafter also referred to as the compressed information). The compressed information may be channel coefficient / precoding coefficient information, or amplitude / phase information for the channel coefficient / precoding coefficient. The compressed information may be the above coefficient information (or amplitude / phase information) for each subband / antenna port. The compressed information may be information obtained by applying the Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) to the above coefficients for each antenna (which may also be called angle / beam region information), or information obtained by applying the IDFT to the above coefficients for each subband (which may also be called delay region information). The compressed information may be the CSI before compression, or simply called CSI.

[0096] In this disclosure, channel coefficient information may be interpreted as amplitude / phase information for channel coefficients, information obtained by applying IDFT to the channel coefficients for each antenna (which may also be called channel coefficient information in the angle / beam region), information obtained by applying IDFT to the channel coefficients for each subband (which may also be called channel coefficient information in the delay region), and so on.

[0097] In this disclosure, the information on precoding coefficients may be interpreted as amplitude / phase information for the precoding coefficients, information obtained by applying IDFT to the precoding coefficients for each antenna (which may also be called angle / beam region precoding coefficient information), information obtained by applying IDFT to the precoding coefficients for each subband (which may also be called delay region precoding coefficient information), and so on.

[0098] If the compressed information is channel coefficient information, the size / shape of the input information may depend on at least one of the following: the number of antenna ports of the UE / gNB, the number of subbands, the number of samples of channel coefficient information in the angle / beam region (number of samples in the angle / beam region), the number of samples of channel coefficient information in the delay region (number of samples in the delay region), the number of samples corresponding to the angle, and the number of samples corresponding to the extracted angle (number of beams) / number of samples corresponding to the extracted delay. Subbands will be described later in the second embodiment. Note that the number of samples may be read interchangeably with the number of elements, the number of data, etc.

[0099] If the information to be compressed is precoding coefficient information, the size / shape of the input information may depend on at least one of the following: the number of antenna ports of the gNB, the number of layers, the number of subbands, the number of samples of precoding coefficient information in the angle / beam region (number of samples in the angle / beam region), the number of samples of precoding coefficient information in the delay region (number of samples in the delay region), the number of samples corresponding to the angle, and the number of samples corresponding to the extracted angle (number of beams) / the number of samples corresponding to the extracted delay.

[0100] In this disclosure, "shape" may mean the number of inputs (or outputs) given to the AI ​​model, or it may mean the data shape (configuration) of the input / CSI / parameters (e.g., an array of a certain number of rows and columns).

[0101] Figures 4A-4F show examples of input information shapes according to Embodiment 1.1. Figure 4A-4C shows the case where the input information is channel coefficient information, and Figure 4D-4F shows the case where the input information is precoding coefficient information.

[0102] Figure 4A shows the input information for the 3D array, where the number of data points is equal to the number of subbands × the number of antenna ports of the gNB × the number of antenna ports of the UE.

[0103] Figure 4B shows the input information for the two-dimensional array, where the number of data points is the number of subbands × the number of antenna ports (UE / gNB).

[0104] Figure 4C shows the input information in a one-dimensional array (vector), where the number of data points is the number of subbands × the number of antenna ports (UE / gNB).

[0105] Figure 4D shows the input information for the 3D array, where the number of data points is equal to the number of layers × the number of subbands × the number of antenna ports of the gNB.

[0106] Figure 4E shows the input information for each layer in a two-dimensional array, where the number of data points is the number of subbands multiplied by the number of antenna ports of the gNB. Note that the information in Figure 4E may represent the input information for multiple layers.

[0107] Figure 4F shows the input information in a one-dimensional array (vector) for each layer, and the number of data points is the number of subbands × the number of antenna ports of the gNB. Note that the information in Figure 4F for multiple layers may also be the input information.

[0108] [Embodiment 1.2] The input information may include information related to the information to be compressed (hereinafter also referred to as compression-related information). Compression-related information does not need to be reconstructed by the AI ​​decoder.

[0109] Figure 5 shows an example of how the input information according to Embodiment 1.2 is reconstructed. In this example, the input information includes the information to be compressed and the corresponding compression relationship information. If this input information is input to the AI ​​encoder and the encoded bits output are input to the AI ​​decoder, only the information to be compressed may be output.

[0110] The encoder on the UE side may use the compression-related information to change the settings / operation of the encoder. The decoder on the gNB side is aware of the compression-related information corresponding to the notified encoded bits (CSI report), and therefore, when the encoded bits are used as input, it can change the settings / operation of the decoder based on the known compression-related information.

[0111] The encoded bits may or may not be configured to allow decoding of compression relation information.

[0112] Compression-related information may include CSI frequency information, antenna information, channel environment information, etc.

[0113] Here, the frequency information of the CSI may include at least one of the following: • Start (first) / center / end (last) frequencies for CSI (e.g., carrier frequency, common resource block, physical resource block (PRB) index), • CSI bandwidth (for example, it may be expressed in PRB count or in Hertz (Hz) units) • Subband size (for example, may be expressed in PRB count or in Hertz), • Subcarrier Spacing (SCS) in CSI-RS.

[0114] Furthermore, the antenna information may include information about the antenna configuration (e.g., the number of vertical / horizontal antenna ports, polarization, and the angle of each polarization). The antenna information may also be provided for each UE / gNB panel (panel ID).

[0115] Channel environment information may also be the environment information described above.

[0116] [Embodiment 1.3] The UE may calculate (derive, generate) the CSI based on the measurement results so that the CSI fits as input to the AI ​​model.

[0117] The UE may calculate the CSI by applying arbitrary processing (e.g., interpolation, minimum mean squared error (MMSE) estimation, etc.) to the measurement results of CSI-RS so that the CSI is suitable as input to the AI ​​model. Note that this arbitrary processing may depend on the implementation of the UE.

[0118] The UE may be configured with information about the time associated with the inferred CSI (e.g., frame / subframe / slot / symbol, etc.).

[0119] The UE may report information about the time associated with the inferred CSI (e.g., frame / subframe / slot / symbol, etc.).

[0120] The UE may calculate CSI associated with a specific CSI report setting / CSI resource setting / CSI-RS resource setting (e.g., CSI-RS resource mapping information). The specific CSI report setting / CSI resource setting / CSI-RS resource setting may be configured so that CSI based on the CSI-RS measurements that comply with them can be used as input to the AI ​​model.

[0121] Figure 6 shows an example of the AI ​​model configuration according to Embodiment 1.3. In this example, it is assumed that the UE( / NW) has been notified in advance of at least a portion of the information about the AI ​​model (model #00Y) from the data server. AI model #00Y is the AI ​​model of the encoder of an autoencoder.

[0122] The information (related information) for model #00Y may include at least one of the following: Model ID: 00Y, • Model Function: Encoder for CSI feedback compression, • Model input: CSI (eigenvectors, channel matrix) for a specific CSI-RS resource mapping. • Model output: Encoded bits (X bits).

[0123] Furthermore, specific CSI-RS resource mapping information may be recognized as a prerequisite for the model's input (the compression relationship information mentioned above). In this way, the AI ​​model information may indicate relevant information that serves as a prerequisite for the model's preferred input.

[0124] In this example, the UE receives specific CSI report settings / CSI resource settings / CSI-RS resource settings from the BS corresponding to a specific CSI-RS resource mapping for model #00Y. The CSI, based on the CSI-RS measurement results corresponding to the specific CSI-RS resource mapping information, is adapted as input to AI model #00Y.

[0125] The UE may expect that CSI report settings / CSI resource settings / CSI-RS resource settings will be configured to cover CSI resource mapping information that corresponds to the prerequisites for the preferred input of the AI ​​model.

[0126] Furthermore, the related information described above may indicate whether the input information includes only the information to be compressed, or whether it includes the information to be compressed plus corresponding compression-related information.

[0127] According to the first embodiment described above, the network can appropriately determine, for example, when and which frequency measurement is used in calculating the reported CSI information (encoded bits).

[0128] <Second Embodiment> A second embodiment relates to subband sizes used for CSI reports.

[0129] First, let's explain the subband sizes used for existing Rel.15 / 16 NR CSI reports.

[0130] In existing Rel.15 / 16 NRs, the CSI report settings configured in the UE (e.g., "CSI-ReportConfig" in the RRC IE) may include information about the frequency domains covered by the CSI report (frequency domain information, e.g., "reportFreqConfiguration" in the RRC IE).

[0131] The frequency domain information may indicate the frequency granularity of the CSI report. This frequency granularity may include, for example, wideband and subband. The wideband is the entire CSI reporting band. The wideband may be, for example, the entire carrier (component carrier (CC)), cell, serving cell, or the entire bandwidth part (BWP) within a carrier. The wideband may also be referred to as the CSI reporting band, the entire CSI reporting band, etc.

[0132] Furthermore, a subband is part of the wideband and may consist of one or more resource blocks (RBs) (e.g., a physical resource block (PRB), a common resource block, a virtual resource block, etc.). Note that the subband in this disclosure may be interpreted as one or more subcarriers, one or more arbitrary units of bandwidth, etc.

[0133] Frequency domain information may indicate whether to report wideband or subband PMI (frequency domain information may include, for example, the RRC IE's "pmi-FormatIndicator" used to determine whether to report wideband or subband PMI). The UE may determine the frequency granularity of the CSI report (i.e., whether to report wideband or subband PMI) based on at least one of the above reported quantity information and frequency domain information.

[0134] If wideband PMI reporting is established (decided), one wideband PMI may be reported for the entire CSI reporting band. On the other hand, if subband PMI reporting is established, a single wideband indication i1 may be reported for the entire CSI reporting band, and one or more subband indications i2 (e.g., subband indications for each subband) may be reported for each subband within the entire CSI reporting band.

[0135] Existing Rel.15 / 16 NR UEs perform channel estimation using the received RS and estimate the channel matrix H. The UE then feeds back an index (PMI) determined based on the estimated channel matrix.

[0136] The subband size may be determined according to the size (number of PRBs) of the BWP (which includes CSI-RS / CSI) being measured / reported. Figure 7 shows the correspondence between BWP size and subband size in existing Rel.15 / 16 NRs.

[0137] In Figure 7, the size of a certain BWP shown in the “Bandwidth part” column corresponds to two subband sizes shown in the “Subband size” column. The UE may determine the subband size corresponding to the CSI report based on the subband size information (RRC parameter subbandSize) included in the CSI report settings. If the subband size information indicates a first value ("value1"), the UE may use the first (left) subband size shown in the “Subband size” column of Figure 7. If the subband size information indicates a second value ("value2"), the UE may use the second (right) subband size shown in the “Subband size” column of Figure 7.

[0138] For example, if the BWP size is 24-72, the UE will use either 2PRB or 4PRB as the subband size based on the above subband size information.

[0139] As mentioned above, the encoded bits output using the encoder can reduce the communication overhead associated with CSI feedback. In this case, even if the subband size is reduced from the existing value, it is possible to improve the accuracy of CSI feedback while suppressing an increase in communication overhead. Embodiments 2.1 and 2.2 below describe how to determine such a subband size.

[0140] [Embodiment 2.1] In Embodiment 2.1, when the UE transmits an encoding CSI, it may determine the subband size based on a different table than that in Figure 7. In this different table, similar to Figure 7, a given BWP size corresponds to two subband sizes, but at least one (or both) of the values ​​is smaller than one of the values ​​in Figure 7 corresponding to the same BWP.

[0141] Figure 8 shows the correspondence between the BWP size and the subband size in Embodiment 2.1. The candidate subband size values ​​in Figure 8 are different from those in Figure 7. Note that the candidate subband size values ​​(a set of values ​​for the first subband size and the second subband size) may be at least one of the following, for example: {2,4}, {2,8}, {2,16}, {2,32}, {4,8}, {4,16}, {4,32}, {8,16}, {8,32}, {16,32}.

[0142] For example, the first value in Figure 8 is smaller than the first value in Figure 7 corresponding to the same BWP. Also, the second value in Figure 8 is smaller than the second value in Figure 7 corresponding to the same BWP.

[0143] Note that the BWP size range in Figure 8 is divided into the same three ranges as in Figure 7 (24-72, 73-144, and 145-275), but it is not limited to these. The BWP size range may be divided into X integers, and the minimum and maximum values ​​of the BWP size are not limited to those shown in Figure 8.

[0144] [Embodiment 2.2] In Embodiment 2.2, when the UE transmits an Encoding CSI, it may determine the subband size based on a different table than that in Figure 7. In this different table, unlike in Figure 7, a given BWP size corresponds to more than two subband sizes (e.g., 3, 4, 5, ...).

[0145] Figure 9 shows the correspondence between the BWP size and the subband size in Embodiment 2.2. The candidate subband size values ​​in Figure 9 consist of four values ​​(the first to the fourth values).

[0146] The candidate values ​​for the subband size (the possible values ​​of the first to fourth values) may be at least one of several, such as 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, ..., etc. Note that at least one of the candidate subband size values ​​is smaller than one of the values ​​in Figure 7 corresponding to the same BWP.

[0147] Note that the BWP size range in Figure 9 is divided into the same three ranges as in Figure 7 (24-72, 73-144, and 145-275), but it is not limited to these. The BWP size range may be divided into X integers, and the minimum and maximum values ​​of the BWP size are not limited to those shown in Figure 9.

[0148] In Embodiment 2.2, the values ​​that the subband size information (RRC parameter subbandSize) included in the CSI report settings can represent are not limited to the existing first value ("value1") and second value ("value2"), but may also represent, for example, a first value ("value1"), a second value ("value2"), a third value ("value3"), and a fourth value ("value4"). The subband size information only needs to be able to represent values ​​up to the maximum number of subband sizes that can correspond to a given BWP size (e.g., 3, 4, 5, ...).

[0149] For example, two of the first to fourth values ​​in Figure 9 are smaller than the first and second values ​​in Figure 7, which correspond to the same BWP.

[0150] According to Embodiment 2.2, more flexible determination of subband size can be achieved.

[0151] According to the second embodiment described above, the UE can appropriately determine the subband size of the CSI report.

[0152] <Third Embodiment> A third embodiment relates to an input to an autoencoder for CSI feedback.

[0153] [Embodiment 3.1] In Embodiment 3.1, if the expected size / number / value / shape of at least one of the inputs (input information) of the AI ​​model and the parameters used for said input differs from the size / number / value / shape of at least one of the CSI calculated based on the RRC settings and the parameters used for said calculation, the UE does not need to expect to use the AI ​​model to calculate / report encoded bits for said CSI.

[0154] In other words, in Embodiment 3.1, if the UE cannot obtain the size / shape input assumed (expected) by the AI ​​model from the calculation result of the CSI, it may decide not to encode the CSI using the AI ​​model. Also, if the parameters used to calculate the CSI are different from the parameters that should be used to obtain the input assumed (expected) by the AI ​​model, the UE may decide not to encode the CSI using the AI ​​model.

[0155] The above parameters may be one or more of the following related to CSI calculation (for example, related to CSI-RS measured for CSI calculation): • Number of subbands, • Number of CSI-RS antenna ports (for example, number of CSI-RS ports on the UE side, number of CSI-RS ports on the BS side), • The number of CSI-RS ports in a given dimension (for example, the number of CSI-RS ports corresponding to N1 or N2, as identified by at least one of the RRC parameters such as n1-n2, ng-n1-n2, n1-n2-codebookSubsetRestriction, etc.) • Number of layers (for example, the number of layers in CSI-RS) • Number of antenna ports on the UE, • Number of UE / BS panels.

[0156] The number of CSI-RS ports in a given dimension may be determined, for example, by N1 or N2 × a coefficient (e.g., 2, 4, ...).

[0157] [Embodiment 3.2] In Embodiment 3.2, the UE does not need to expect to use the AI ​​model to calculate / report encoded bits for the CSI if the expected size / number / value / shape of at least one of the inputs (input information) of the AI ​​model and the parameters used for said input is smaller than the size / number / value / shape of at least one of the CSI calculated based on the RRC settings and the parameters used for said calculation.

[0158] In other words, in Embodiment 3.2, if the UE can obtain an input smaller than the size / shape assumed (expected) by the AI ​​model from the calculation result of the CSI, it may decide not to encode the CSI using the AI ​​model. Also, if the parameter values ​​used to calculate the CSI are smaller than the parameter values ​​that should be used to obtain the input assumed (expected) by the AI ​​model, the UE may decide not to encode the CSI using the AI ​​model.

[0159] The above parameters are as described in Embodiment 3.1.

[0160] In Embodiment 3.2, if the expected size / number / value / shape of at least one of the inputs (input information) of the AI ​​model and the parameters used for said input is greater than the size / number / value / shape of at least one of the CSI calculated based on the RRC settings and the parameters used for said calculation, the UE may perform at least one of the following to calculate / report the encoded bits for said CSI: • Apply decision tree branch pruning to the AI ​​model. • A portion of the input to the AI ​​model will be set to a specific value (e.g., 0, 1, etc.).

[0161] Figures 10A and 10B show an example of adjustments to the input to the encoder in Embodiment 3.2. This example shows adjustments when the expected size / number / value / shape of the input information to the encoder is larger than the size / number / value / shape of the calculated CSI. In Figure 10A, branch pruning of the decision tree related to the missing input information is applied. In Figure 10B, a specific value is entered into the input node corresponding to the missing input information.

[0162] [Embodiment 3.3] In Embodiment 3.3, the UE may puncture (discard) some of the CSI information before inputting it to the AI ​​model (encoder).

[0163] In other words, if the expected size / number / value / shape of at least one of the inputs (input information) to the AI ​​model and the parameters used for said input is smaller than the size / number / value / shape of at least one of the CSI calculated based on the RRC settings and the parameters used for said calculation, the UE may puncture a portion of the CSI / parameters and input the remaining CSI / parameters that satisfy the expected size / number / value / shape to the AI ​​model to calculate / report the encoded bits.

[0164] Furthermore, the UE may decide which information to puncture based on specific rules, based on standards in advance, based on information notified by higher-layer signaling, or based on the UE's capabilities.

[0165] [Embodiment 3.4] In Embodiment 3.4, the UE may sample (for example, upsample or downsample) some of the CSI information before inputting it to the AI ​​model (encoder).

[0166] If the expected size / number / value / shape of at least one of the inputs (input information) to the AI ​​model and the parameters used for said input are greater than (less than) the size / number / value / shape of at least one of the CSI calculated based on the RRC settings and the parameters used for said calculation, the UE may apply upsampling (downsampling) to the CSI / parameters and input them to the AI ​​model to calculate / report encoded bits.

[0167] For example, the UE may apply upsampling with interpolation to the CSI to increase the number of data points and obtain input to the encoder. Alternatively, the UE may apply downsampling with data decimation to the CSI to decrease the number of data points and obtain input to the encoder.

[0168] Figure 11 shows an example of adjustments to the input to the encoder in Embodiment 3.4. This example shows the adjustment when the expected size / number / value / shape of the input information to the encoder is larger than the size / number / value / shape of the calculated CSI. In this example, upsampling with interpolation is applied to the calculated CSI to generate input information that satisfies the expected size / number / value / shape.

[0169] Furthermore, the UE may determine the sampling coefficient (for example, the coefficient for how many times to upsample, the coefficient for how many times to downsample) based on specific rules. The UE may determine the sampling coefficient based on specific rules, or it may determine it in advance based on standards, or it may determine it based on information notified by higher-layer signaling, or it may determine it based on the UE's capabilities.

[0170] In Embodiment 3.4, the UE does not need to expect to use the AI ​​model to calculate / report encoded bits for the CSI if the expected size / number / value / shape of at least one of the inputs (input information) of the AI ​​model and the parameters used for said input does not fall under a predetermined multiple of the size / number / value / shape of at least one of the CSI calculated based on the RRC settings and the parameters used for said calculation.

[0171] On the other hand, if the expected size / number / value / shape of at least one of the inputs (input information) of the AI ​​model and the parameters used for said inputs is a predetermined multiple of the CSI calculated based on the RRC settings and the size / number / value / shape of at least one of the parameters used for said calculations, the UE may apply upsampling (downsampling) to the CSI / parameters and input them into the AI ​​model to calculate / report encoded bits.

[0172] The predetermined multiple may be, for example, X (where X is, for example, an integer or a real number) for upsampling, or 1 / X for downsampling. The UE may determine the predetermined multiple based on specific rules, determine it in advance based on standards, determine it based on information notified by upper-layer signaling, or determine it based on UE capabilities. The predetermined information may be determined for each band, common to all bands, specific to the UE, or common to all UEs.

[0173] According to the third embodiment described above, the UE can appropriately determine the subband size of the CSI report.

[0174] <Fourth Embodiment> A fourth embodiment relates to the relationship between an autoencoder and a panel for CSI feedback.

[0175] In this disclosure, "panel" may be interpreted as "UE capability value set," "UE capability value," etc. Also, in this disclosure, parameters (information) related to the panel may be interpreted as "panel ID," "UE capability index," "CapabilityIndex," etc.

[0176] In a fourth embodiment, the UE may report encoded bits associated with a particular panel (CSI feedback).

[0177] The UE may feed the encoder the CSI associated with the panel ID of a particular panel. If the UE has multiple encoders, it may feed the CSI for each panel to a different encoder.

[0178] The UE can obtain encoded bits for only a specific panel (e.g., one panel) by inputting only the CSI of that specific panel to a single encoder at a given time. In this way, the UE may use the same encoder to output encoded bits for different panels at multiple time points.

[0179] The UE may determine which CSI to feed to the encoder based on the panel ID of a particular panel.

[0180] The UE may report encoded bits associated with the panel ID of a particular panel. The UE may report one or more encoded bits, where each of the multiple encoded bits may be associated with a different panel.

[0181] The UE may omit and transmit one or more encoded bits based on a priority rule / priority. The priority rule / priority may be determined based on the panel ID (associated with the encoded bits).

[0182] The UE may perform the above omissions on a panel-by-panel basis. For example, it may accommodate encoded bits in order of highest priority (where a lower priority value indicates a higher priority) as long as they can fit within the modulation symbols assigned for the CSI report (until they can no longer fit).

[0183] A CSI report may include information about the panel associated with the CSI (e.g., panel ID). For example, a UE may report a CSI report that includes panel IDs related to the CSI instance (encoded bits). A UE may set a limit on the number (or maximum number) of panel IDs that can be reported (or included) in a single CSI report.

[0184] The UE may receive information from the base station specifying which panel the CSI should be associated with for a given CSI report. In this case, the panel ID may not be included in the CSI report.

[0185] According to the fourth embodiment described above, the spatial relationship of the antenna panels depends on the UE's device model / type, and good performance can be achieved with a single AI model when the spatial relationship of each antenna panel is the same, and even when the antenna panel arrangement is different. For example, by encoding the CSI for each antenna panel, it is expected that good performance can be obtained using only one general AI model.

[0186] <Supplement> In this disclosure, the model ID may be interpreted interchangeably with the ID corresponding to a set of AI models (model set ID). Also in this disclosure, the model ID may be interpreted interchangeably with the metadata ID. Metadata (or metadata ID) may be associated with beam information (beam configuration) as described above. For example, metadata (or metadata ID) may be used by the UE to select an AI model considering which beam the BS is using, or to notify the BS which beam the UE should use to apply the deployed AI model. In this disclosure, the metadata ID may be interpreted interchangeably with the ID corresponding to a set of metadata (metadata set ID).

[0187] In the embodiments described above, notification of any information (from the network) to the UE (in other words, reception of any information from the base station at the UE) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0188] If the above notification is made by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by the inclusion of a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) not defined in existing standards in the MAC subheader.

[0189] If the above notification is made by a DCI, the notification may be made by a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used to scramble the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, or the format of the DCI.

[0190] Furthermore, the notification of any information to the UE in the above-described embodiment may be periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

[0191] In the embodiments described above, notification of any information from the UE (to the NW) (in other words, transmission of any information from the UE to the base station) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0192] If the above notification is made by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by the inclusion of a new LCID, not specified in existing standards, in the MAC subheader.

[0193] If the above notice is issued by the UCI, the notice may be sent using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0194] Furthermore, the notification of any information from the UE in the above-described embodiments may be periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

[0195] In the embodiments described above, the encoder / decoder may be interpreted as the AI ​​model deployed in the UE / base station. In other words, this disclosure is not limited to the use of an autoencoder, but may also apply to inference using any model. Furthermore, the information that the UE / base station compresses using the encoder in this disclosure is not limited to the CSI (or channel / precoding matrix), but may be any information.

[0196] At least one of the embodiments described above may apply only to a UE that has reported or supports a particular UE capability.

[0197] The specific UE capability may represent at least one of the following: • To support specific processing / operation / control / information for at least one of the above embodiments, • The maximum number of floating-point operations (FLOPs) that an AI model can deploy to UE (this refers to the amount of floating-point operations). • Maximum number of parameters for an AI model that UE can deploy, • Layers / algorithms / functions supported by UE, ·Numeracy ability, • Capability to collect data.

[0198] Furthermore, the specific UE capabilities described above may be capabilities that apply across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), capabilities per frequency (e.g., one or a combination thereof, such as cell, band, BWP, band combination, component carrier, etc.), capabilities per frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or capabilities per subcarrier spacing (SCS).

[0199] Furthermore, the specific UE capabilities described above may be capabilities that apply across all duplexing schemes (common to all duplexing schemes), or they may be capabilities specific to each duplexing scheme (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD), Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0200] Furthermore, at least one of the embodiments described above may be applied when the UE is configured with specific information related to the embodiments described above by upper-layer signaling. For example, such specific information may be information indicating the activation of the AI ​​model, or arbitrary RRC parameters for a particular release (e.g., Rel.18).

[0201] If the UE does not support at least one of the above-mentioned specific UE capabilities or does not have the above-mentioned specific information configured, the behavior of, for example, Rel.15 / 16 may be applied.

[0202] Furthermore, at least one of the embodiments described above may be used for the transmission (or compression) of information between the UE and the base station other than CSI feedback. For example, the UE may report information regarding its location (or positioning) / location estimation in the Location Management Function (LMF) to the network according to at least one of the embodiments described above (e.g., generated using an encoder). This information may be channel impulse response (CIR) information for each subband / antenna port. By reporting this, the base station can estimate the UE's location without reporting the angle / time difference of the received signal, etc.

[0203] (Note) The following invention is added with respect to one embodiment of this disclosure. [Note 1] A control unit that inputs input information including compression-related information for changing the settings or operation of the encoder to the encoder and derives a Channel State Information (CSI) report based on the output bits, A terminal having a transmitting unit that transmits the aforementioned CSI report. [Note 2] The terminal as described in Appendix 1, wherein the control unit derives the CSI report for a certain bandwidth part (BWP) by applying a subband size smaller than the subband size for the same BWP in Release 16 New Radio (NR). [Note 3] The terminal as described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2, wherein the control unit derives the CSI report for a certain bandwidth part (BWP) by applying a subband size selected from two or more candidates, including a subband size smaller than the subband size for the same BWP in Release 16 New Radio (NR).

[0204] (Wireless communication system) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any or a combination thereof of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of this disclosure.

[0205] Figure 12 shows an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), etc., as specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0206] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), and so on.

[0207] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the Master Node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0208] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity where both MN and SN are NR base stations (gNB) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0209] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) located within the macrocell C1 that form a small cell C2 that is narrower than the macrocell C1. User terminals 20 may be located within at least one cell. The arrangement and number of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the configuration shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when base stations 11 and 12 are not distinguished, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0210] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of Carrier Aggregation (CA) using multiple Component Carriers (CC) and Dual Connectivity (DC).

[0211] Each CC may be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). A macrocell C1 may be included in FR1, and a small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may fall in a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0212] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may communicate using at least one of the following methods at each CC: Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD).

[0213] Multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber compliant with Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 interface, etc.) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, if NR communication is used as a backhaul between base stations 11 and 12, base station 11, which is the upstream station, may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is the relay station, may be called an IAB node.

[0214] Base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. The core network 30 may include at least one of the following: Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

[0215] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of the following communication methods: LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc.

[0216] In the wireless communication system 1, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless access scheme may be used. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), etc., may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0217] The wireless access method may also be called a waveform. In wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (for example, other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) may be used for the UL and DL wireless access methods.

[0218] In the wireless communication system 1, a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), a Broadcast Channel (PBCH), or a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) may be used as the downlink channel, shared by each user terminal 20.

[0219] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the uplink channel may include a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), or the like, all of which are shared by each user terminal 20.

[0220] User data, higher-layer control information, and System Information Blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via PDSCH. User data and higher-layer control information may also be transmitted via PUSCH. Furthermore, Master Information Blocks (MIBs) may be transmitted via PBCH.

[0221] Lower-layer control information may be transmitted by PDCCH. The lower-layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) which includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

[0222] Furthermore, the DCI that schedules PDSCH may be called a DL assignment or DL ​​DCI, and the DCI that schedules PUSCH may be called a UL grant or UL DCI. Furthermore, PDSCH may be interpreted as DL data, and PUSCH may be interpreted as UL data.

[0223] PDCCH detection may utilize a Control Resource Set (CORESET) and a search space. A CORESET corresponds to the resources used to search for DCIs. A search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A single CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor CORESETs associated with a particular search space based on the search space configuration.

[0224] A single search space may correspond to one or more PDCCH candidates corresponding to aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. In this disclosure, "search space," "search space set," "search space configuration," "search space set configuration," "CORESET," and "CORESET configuration" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0225] PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) which includes at least one of the following: channel state information (CSI), delivery acknowledgment (e.g., Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with the cell.

[0226] In this disclosure, downlinks, uplinks, etc., may be expressed without the prefix "link." Also, the prefix "physical" may be omitted when describing various channels.

[0227] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc., may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, as DL-RS, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc., may be transmitted.

[0228] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) may be called an SS / PBCH block, SS Block (SSB), etc. SS, SSB, etc., may also be called reference signals.

[0229] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the Uplink Reference Signal (UL-RS) may transmit the Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), etc. The DMRS may also be called the User-Specific Reference Signal (UE-specific Reference Signal).

[0230] (base station) Figure 13 shows an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that one or more of the control unit 110, transceiver unit 120, transceiver antenna 130, and transmission line interface 140 may be provided.

[0231] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.

[0232] The control unit 110 controls the entire base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0233] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may also perform call processing of communication channels (setting, releasing, etc.), status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0234] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0235] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or it may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may consist of a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may consist of a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122 and a measuring unit 123.

[0236] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be composed of an antenna described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0237] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may transmit the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also receive the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0238] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0239] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform processing on data and control information acquired from the control unit 110, for example, at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc., to generate a bit sequence to be transmitted.

[0240] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform transmission processing on the bit sequence to be transmitted, such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, discrete Fourier transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion, and output a baseband signal.

[0241] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., of the baseband signal to the radio frequency band and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting / receiving antenna 130.

[0242] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc., on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 130.

[0243] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (receiving processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing to the acquired baseband signal, such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, to acquire user data, etc.

[0244] The transmission / reception unit 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0245] The transmission path interface 140 may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) to and from devices included in the core network 30, other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0246] Note that the transmission unit and reception unit of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may be constituted by at least one of the transmission / reception unit 120, the transmission / reception antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

[0247] Note that the transmission / reception unit 120 may transmit setting information (CSI report setting information, AI model information, etc.) for deriving a Channel State Information (CSI) report based on the bits output after inputting input information including compression-related information for changing the setting or operation of the encoder to the encoder. Also, the transmission / reception unit 120 may receive the CSI report.

[0248] (User Terminal) Figure 14 shows an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Note that one or more of the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may be provided.

[0249] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.

[0250] The control unit 210 controls the entire user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the technical field related to this disclosure.

[0251] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transmitting / receiving unit 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transmitting / receiving unit 220.

[0252] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0253] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or it may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may consist of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may consist of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222 and a measuring unit 223.

[0254] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be composed of an antenna described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0255] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may receive the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also transmit the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0256] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0257] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc., on data and control information acquired from the control unit 210, etc., to generate a bit sequence to be transmitted.

[0258] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform transmission processing on the bit sequence to be transmitted, such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion, and output a baseband signal.

[0259] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the transform precoding settings. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as part of the transmission process to transmit a channel (for example, PUSCH) using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform if transform precoding is enabled for that channel, or it may not perform DFT processing as part of the transmission process if transform precoding is not enabled for that channel.

[0260] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., of the baseband signal to the radio frequency band and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0261] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc., on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0262] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (receiving processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.

[0263] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measuring unit 223) may perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measuring unit 223 may perform RRM measurement, CSI measurement, etc., based on the received signal. The measuring unit 223 may also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0264] In this disclosure, the transmitting and receiving units of the user terminal 20 may consist of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 220 and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0265] The control unit 210 may also input input information, including compression-related information for changing the encoder settings or operation, to the encoder and derive a Channel State Information (CSI) report based on the output bits. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may transmit the CSI report.

[0266] The control unit 210 may derive the CSI report for a certain bandwidth part (BWP) by applying a sub-band size smaller than the sub-band size for the same BWP in Release 16 New Radio (NR).

[0267] The control unit 210 may derive the CSI report for a certain bandwidth part (BWP) by applying a sub-band size selected from more than two candidates including a sub-band size smaller than the sub-band size for the same BWP in Release 16 New Radio (NR).

[0268] (Hardware Configuration) Note that the block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments show functional unit blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Also, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one physically or logically combined device, or two or more physically or logically separated devices may be directly or indirectly connected (e.g., using wired, wireless, etc.), and realized using these multiple devices. The functional block may be realized by combining software with the above one device or the above multiple devices.

[0269] Here, functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating (mapping), and assigning. For example, a functional block (configuration part) that enables transmission may be called a transmitting unit or transmitter. In all cases, as mentioned above, the method of implementation is not particularly limited.

[0270] For example, a base station, user terminal, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that processes the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 15 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and user terminal 20 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, memory 1002, storage 1003, communication device 1004, input device 1005, output device 1006, bus 1007, etc.

[0271] In this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit are interchangeable. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or it may be configured to omit some of the devices.

[0272] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown in the diagram, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or by two or more processors simultaneously, sequentially, or by other means. Note that processor 1001 may be implemented using one or more chips.

[0273] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, which allows the processor 1001 to perform calculations and control communication via the communication device 1004, or to control at least one of the reading and writing of data in the memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0274] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer, for example, by running an operating system. The processor 1001 may be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control units, arithmetic units, registers, etc. For example, at least a part of the control unit 110 (210) and the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220) described above may be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0275] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes accordingly. The program used is one that causes the computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiment. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and other functional blocks may be implemented similarly.

[0276] Memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. Memory 1002 may also be called a register, cache, or main memory. Memory 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for carrying out a wireless communication method according to one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0277] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk (Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital multipurpose disk, a Blu-ray disk), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, stick, key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be called an auxiliary storage device.

[0278] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting / receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include, for example, a high-frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, etc., in order to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220), transmitting / receiving antenna 130 (230), etc., may be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220) may be implemented with physically or logically separated implementations of a transmitting unit 120a (220a) and a receiving unit 120b (220b).

[0279] The input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from an external source (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to an external source (e.g., a display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be configured as an integrated unit (e.g., a touch panel).

[0280] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or different buses may be configured for each device.

[0281] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), and a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of each functional block may be implemented using such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0282] (modified version) In addition, terms used in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol, and signal (signal or signaling) may be used interchangeably. Also, a signal may be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS and may be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc., depending on the applicable standard. Also, a component carrier (CC) may be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0283] A wireless frame may consist of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these periods (frames) constituting a wireless frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may consist of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0284] Here, the neuralelogy may be communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. The neuralelogy may be, for example, at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, specific filtering processes performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, or specific windowing processes performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0285] A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols or Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols). Alternatively, a slot may be a time unit based on neurology.

[0286] A slot may include multiple mini-slots. Each mini-slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Mini-slots may also be called sub-slots. Mini-slots may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-slot may be called a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a mini-slot may be called a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0287] Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols all represent units of time when transmitting a signal. Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols may each be referred to by different names. Furthermore, the units of time such as frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols in this disclosure may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0288] For example, one subframe may be called TTI, multiple consecutive subframes may be called TTI, or one slot or one mini-slot may be called TTI. In other words, at least one of the subframe and TTI may be a subframe (1ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1ms. Note that the unit representing TTI may be called a slot, mini-slot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0289] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, the base station schedules each user terminal to allocate wireless resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmission power available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0290] TTI may be a transmission time unit for channel-encoded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, code words, etc., or it may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. Given a TTI, the actual time interval (e.g., number of symbols) to which the transport block, code block, code word, etc. are mapped may be shorter than the given TTI.

[0291] Furthermore, if one slot or one mini-slot is referred to as TTI, then one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) may constitute the minimum time unit of scheduling. In addition, the number of slots (number of mini-slots) that constitute the minimum time unit of scheduling may be controlled.

[0292] A TTI with a time length of 1 ms may also be called a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel.8-12), a long TTI, a normal subframe, a long subframe, or a slot. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may also be called a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial or fractional TTI, a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini slot, a sub slot, or a slot.

[0293] Furthermore, long TTIs (e.g., normal TTIs, subframes, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a time length exceeding 1 ms, and short TTIs (e.g., shortened TTIs, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a TTI length less than that of a long TTI but 1 ms or more.

[0294] A Resource Block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and in the frequency domain, it may contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be the same regardless of the neurology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be determined based on the neurology.

[0295] Furthermore, an RB may contain one or more symbols in the time domain and may have the length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. Each TTI, subframe, etc., may consist of one or more resource blocks.

[0296] One or more RBs may also be called Physical RBs (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, etc.

[0297] Furthermore, a resource block may consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource area comprising one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0298] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also called a partial bandwidth) may represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) for a given neurology in a given carrier. Here, the common RBs may be identified by an index of the RBs relative to the carrier's common reference point. PRBs may be defined and numbered within a BWP.

[0299] A BWP may include UL BWPs (BWPs for UL) and DL BWPs (BWPs for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured within a single carrier for a UE.

[0300] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE does not need to assume that it will send or receive a given signal / channel outside of the active BWP. In this disclosure, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" may be read as "BWP".

[0301] The structures described above, such as wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols, are merely illustrative examples. For instance, the number of subframes included in a wireless frame, the number of slots per subframe or wireless frame, the number of minislots within a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length within a TTI can be varied in various ways.

[0302] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or corresponding other information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0303] The names used for parameters and other elements in this disclosure are not restrictive in any way. Furthermore, mathematical formulas and other elements that use these parameters may differ from those expressly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not restrictive in any way.

[0304] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of the various different techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0305] Furthermore, information, signals, etc., can be output from upper layers to lower layers and from lower layers to upper layers, or to at least one of the two. Information, signals, etc., may also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0306] Input and output information and signals may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information and signals may be overwritten, updated, or appended to. Output information and signals may be deleted. Input information and signals may be transmitted to other devices.

[0307] Information notification is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be carried out by other means. For example, information notification in this disclosure may be carried out by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof).

[0308] Physical layer signaling may also be called Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signals), L1 control information (L1 control signals), etc. RRC signaling may also be called RRC messages, for example, RRC Connection Setup messages, RRC Connection Reconfiguration messages, etc. MAC signaling may also be communicated using, for example, MAC Control Element (CE).

[0309] Furthermore, notification of the specified information (for example, notification that "X is the case") is not limited to explicit notification, but may also be made implicitly (for example, by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0310] The determination may be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), by a boolean value represented as true or false, or by a numerical comparison (for example, a comparison with a predetermined value).

[0311] Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, and so on, whether they are called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or by any other name.

[0312] Furthermore, software, instructions, information, etc., may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technology (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) and wireless technology (such as infrared or microwave), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included in the definition of a transmission medium.

[0313] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure may be used interchangeably. “Network” may also mean the equipment included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0314] In this disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "quasi-co-location (QCL)," "transmission configuration indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "antenna port group," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "resource group," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," and "panel" may be used interchangeably.

[0315] In this disclosure, terms such as "Base Station (BS)", "wireless base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "access point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission / Reception Point (TRP)", "panel", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0316] A base station can house one or more (e.g., three) cells. If a base station houses multiple cells, the entire coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into several smaller areas, each of which may also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The terms “cell” or “sector” refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and / or base station subsystems that provide communication services in that coverage.

[0317] In this disclosure, the transmission of information by a base station to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to perform a control / operation based on said information.

[0318] In this disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," and "terminal" may be used interchangeably.

[0319] A mobile station may also be called a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other appropriate term.

[0320] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0321] The term "mobile object" refers to any movable object, regardless of its speed, and naturally includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of such mobile objects include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcarts, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and items carried on them. Furthermore, such mobile objects may be autonomously driven objects operating based on operational commands.

[0322] The mobile entity may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane), an unmanned mobile entity (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0323] Figure 16 shows an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a rotation speed sensor 51, a pneumatic pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0324] The drive unit 41 consists of, for example, at least one of an engine, a motor, or an engine-motor hybrid. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0325] The electronic control unit 49 consists of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and communication ports (e.g., input / output (IO) ports) 63. Signals from various sensors 50-58 installed in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0326] Signals from various sensors 50-58 include current signals from current sensor 50 for sensing motor current, rotational speed signals of front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 acquired by rotational speed sensor 51, air pressure signals of front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 acquired by air pressure sensor 52, vehicle speed signals acquired by vehicle speed sensor 53, acceleration signals acquired by acceleration sensor 54, accelerator pedal depression signal of accelerator pedal 43 acquired by accelerator pedal sensor 55, brake pedal depression signal of brake pedal 44 acquired by brake pedal sensor 56, operation signals of shift lever 45 acquired by shift lever sensor 57, and detection signals for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc., acquired by object detection sensor 58.

[0327] The information service unit 59 consists of various devices for providing (outputting) various types of information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, including a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, displays, television, and radio, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via a communication module 60 or the like to provide various types of information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0328] The information service unit 59 may include input devices that accept input from the outside (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) and output devices that perform output to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED lamp, touch panel, etc.).

[0329] The driver assistance system unit 64 consists of various devices that provide functions to prevent accidents or reduce the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), Inertial Navigation System (INS)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driver assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driver assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0330] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 sends and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle 40.

[0331] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with external devices. For example, it can send and receive various types of information to and from external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10 or the user terminal 20 described above. Alternatively, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 (it may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

[0332] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of the following to an external device via wireless communication: signals from the various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on said signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 59. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc., may also be called input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above input.

[0333] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 59 installed in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit, which outputs information (for example, it outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 60).

[0334] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, various sensors 50-58, etc., which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0335] Furthermore, the term "base station" in this disclosure may be interpreted as "user terminal." For example, the various aspects / embodiments of this disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may have the functions that the base station 10 has. Also, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be interpreted as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel and downlink channel may be interpreted as sidelink channel.

[0336] Similarly, the term "user terminal" in this disclosure may be replaced with "base station." In this case, the base station 10 may be configured to have the same functions as the user terminal 20 described above.

[0337] In this disclosure, operations performed by a base station may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. In a network including one or more network nodes with base stations, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with terminals may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (for example, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or a combination thereof.

[0338] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used individually, in combination, or switched between during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be rearranged in order, provided they are consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present various step elements in an exemplary order and are not limited to that specific order.

[0339] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure includes Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (where x is, for example, an integer or decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM®), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi®), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX®), and IEEE This may apply to systems utilizing 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth®, or other appropriate wireless communication methods, as well as next-generation systems that are extended, modified, created, or defined based on these. It may also apply to combinations of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0340] In this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based solely on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based solely on" and "based at least on."

[0341] Any reference to elements using the designations “first,” “second,” etc., as used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Accordingly, the references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

[0342] The term “determining” as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, “determining” may be considered to include judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiry (e.g., searching in tables, databases, or other data structures), ascertaining, etc.

[0343] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" may be considered as "judging (deciding)" things like receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory).

[0344] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be considered as "judging (deciding)" something like resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "judgment (decision)" can be considered as "judging (deciding)" something about an action.

[0345] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be replaced with "assuming," "expecting," or "considering."

[0346] The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure may mean the maximum transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0347] As used in this disclosure, the terms “connected,” “coupled,” and any variations thereof mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be replaced with “access.”

[0348] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they can be considered to be “connected” or “coupled” to each other using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., and, in some non-exclusive and non-exclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency domain, microwave domain, or optical domain (both visible and invisible).

[0349] In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combine" may be interpreted similarly to "different."

[0350] Where the terms “include,” “including,” and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, as is the term “comprising.” Furthermore, the term “or” as used in this disclosure is not intended to mean exclusive OR.

[0351] In this disclosure, if articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may include the fact that the noun following these articles is plural.

[0352] In this disclosure, "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than or equal to," "more than," and "equal to" may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "early," and "slow" may be interpreted interchangeably (not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees). Also, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "early," and "slow" may be interpreted interchangeably as expressions with "i-th" added to them (not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees) (for example, "highest" may be interpreted interchangeably as "i-th highest").

[0353] In this disclosure, "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," and "associated with" may be interpreted as being interchangeable.

[0354] Although the invention described herein has been explained in detail above, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the invention described herein is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The invention described herein can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims. Therefore, the descriptions herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not imply any limitation on the invention described herein.

Claims

1. A control unit that inputs input information including compression-related information for changing the settings or operation of the encoder to the encoder and derives a Channel State Information (CSI) report based on the output bits, It has a transmission unit that transmits the CSI report, The compression-related information includes the frequency information of the CSI, and is a terminal.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit derives the CSI report for a certain bandwidth part (BWP) by applying a subband size smaller than the subband size for the same BWP in Release 16 New Radio (NR).

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit derives the CSI report for a certain bandwidth part (BWP) by applying a subband size selected from two or more candidates, including a subband size smaller than the subband size for the same BWP in Release 16 New Radio (NR).

4. The steps include: inputting input information including compression-related information for changing the encoder settings or operation into the encoder and deriving a Channel State Information (CSI) report based on the output bits; The step of sending the CSI report is included, The compression-related information includes the frequency information of the CSI, and is a wireless communication method for a terminal.

5. A transmission unit transmits setting information for deriving a Channel State Information (CSI) report based on bits output by inputting input information including compression-related information for changing the settings or operation of the encoder to the encoder, It has a receiving unit that receives the CSI report, The compression-related information includes the frequency information of the CSI, and is a base station.

6. A system including a terminal and a base station, The aforementioned terminal is A control unit that inputs input information including compression-related information for changing the settings or operation of the encoder to the encoder and derives a Channel State Information (CSI) report based on the output bits, It has a transmission unit that transmits the CSI report, The compression-related information includes the frequency information of the CSI, The aforementioned base station is A system having a receiving unit that receives the CSI report.

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