Laminated glass and its manufacturing method

Abstract

To provide a method for manufacturing laminated glass which is less likely to generate a gap between an opening of an intermediate film and a resin film when the resin film is fitted into the opening.SOLUTION: A method for manufacturing laminated glass includes the steps of: manufacturing an intermediate film, and arranging the intermediate film between a first glass plate and a second glass plate and pressure-bonding them, wherein the step of manufacturing the intermediate film includes the steps of: forming an opening in a first resin film; cutting a second resin film into a shape having an area larger than that of the opening, and forming a third resin film; and fitting the third resin film into the opening.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 9

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to laminated glass and a method for manufacturing the same. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, information devices that use visible light or infrared light are sometimes installed near the laminated glass that forms the windshield of a vehicle, for purposes such as recognizing the external environment. In such cases, a sensor area that transmits and / or receives visible light or infrared light for the information device to acquire information from outside the vehicle is provided in a part of the laminated glass.

[0003] On the other hand, there is a known technology that uses laminated glass with infrared shielding properties by incorporating an infrared shielding material into the interlayer for use in windshields and other applications. While this technology is desirable because it improves heat shielding and thus enhances occupant comfort, it can reduce the infrared light transmittance in the sensor area, which may interfere with information devices transmitting and / or receiving infrared light.

[0004] In addition, a so-called shade band may be provided in which a portion of the interlayer is colored. However, the shade band reduces the visible light transmittance of the sensor area, which may prevent the information device from transmitting and / or receiving visible light.

[0005] Therefore, as a countermeasure, it has been proposed to cut out portions of the interlayer with low transmittance of visible light and infrared light to form an opening corresponding to the sensor area, and then fit a resin film with high transmittance of visible light and infrared light into the opening (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 4442863 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 4735121 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] In interlayers with areas of low visible light and infrared transmittance, it is necessary to cut out a resin film with high visible light and infrared transmittance to fit into openings formed in the areas with low visible light and infrared transmittance. However, because resin films have low dimensional stability, if the resin film is cut to the same area as the opening, a gap will be created between the resin film and the opening when it is fitted into the opening. This gap can lead to air bubbles remaining during the bonding process when manufacturing laminated glass, and can also worsen the transparency distortion near the opening of the laminated glass.

[0008] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and aims to provide a method for manufacturing laminated glass in which gaps are less likely to occur when a resin film is fitted into the opening of the interlayer. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The present method for manufacturing laminated glass comprises the steps of: creating an interlayer film; arranging the interlayer film between a first glass plate and a second glass plate and pressing them together; the step of creating the interlayer film includes the steps of: forming an opening in the first resin film; cutting the second resin film into a shape with an area larger than the opening to form a third resin film; and fitting the third resin film into the opening. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to one embodiment of the disclosure, a method for manufacturing laminated glass is provided in which gaps are less likely to occur when a resin film is fitted into the opening of the interlayer. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0011] [Figure 1] This figure illustrates laminated glass according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] This is a plan view illustrating an interlayer constituting laminated glass according to the first embodiment. [Figure 3] It is a plan view (part 1) with the vicinity of the sensor area enlarged. [Figure 4] It is a plan view (part 2) with the vicinity of the sensor area enlarged. [Figure 5] It is a plan view (part 3) with the vicinity of the sensor area enlarged. [Figure 6] It is a diagram (part 1) for explaining the process of manufacturing the intermediate film. [Figure 7] It is a diagram (part 2) for explaining the process of manufacturing the intermediate film. [Figure 8] It is a diagram (part 3) for explaining the process of manufacturing the intermediate film. [Figure 9] It is a diagram (part 4) for explaining the process of manufacturing the intermediate film. [Figure 10] It is a diagram for explaining the process of arranging and pressing the intermediate film between the first glass plate and the second glass plate. [Figure 11] It is a diagram for explaining a part of the intermediate film manufacturing process according to the comparative example. [Figure 12] It is a plan view exemplifying the intermediate film constituting the laminated glass according to Modification 1 of the first embodiment.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0012] Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same reference numerals are given to the same components, and redundant explanations may be omitted. Also, in each drawing, the area and shape may be partially exaggerated for easier understanding of the content of the present invention.

[0013] Note that the vehicle typically refers to an automobile, but includes moving bodies such as trains, ships, airplanes, etc. that can mount laminated glass.

[0014] Note that hereinafter, the front glass for vehicles will be described as an example, but it is not limited thereto. The laminated glass according to the present embodiment is applicable not only to the front glass for vehicles but also to, for example, side glasses, rear glasses, etc.

[0015] Furthermore, in the following explanation, "planar view" refers to viewing an object from the direction of the normal passing through the center of gravity of the main surface of the outer glass panel of the vehicle. Also, "planar shape" refers to the shape of an object viewed from the direction of the normal passing through the center of gravity of the main surface of the outer glass panel of the vehicle.

[0016] <First Embodiment> Figure 1 illustrates a laminated glass according to the first embodiment; Figure 1(a) is a schematic plan view showing the first glass plate 11 facing towards the viewer on the page, and Figure 1(b) is a cross-sectional view along line AA in Figure 1(a).

[0017] Referring to Figure 1, the laminated glass 10 is a vehicle-grade laminated glass having a first glass plate 11, a second glass plate 12, an interlayer 13, and a shielding layer 14. The laminated glass 10 is used, for example, in a vehicle windshield.

[0018] The first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are bonded together via an interlayer 13. The first glass plate 11 is positioned on the first side, which will be the interior side when the laminated glass 10 is installed in the vehicle, and the second glass plate 12 is positioned on the second side, which will be the exterior side when the laminated glass 10 is installed in the vehicle.

[0019] In Figure 1, for the sake of explanation, the laminated glass 10 is shown with its actual curved shape omitted and its external shape simplified. However, the laminated glass 10 may be curved, not just the planar shape (non-curved shape) shown in Figure 1. For example, the laminated glass 10 may be a single-curve shape that is curved in either the vertical or horizontal direction when installed on a vehicle, or a double-curve shape that is curved in both the vertical and horizontal directions when installed on a vehicle. However, the single-curve shape and the double-curve shape are not limited to shapes that are curved in the vertical and / or horizontal directions when installed on a vehicle. The single-curve shape includes shapes that are curved in only one direction. The double-curve shape includes shapes that are curved in two or more different directions.

[0020] When the laminated glass 10 has a curved shape, it is preferable that the laminated glass 10 is curved so as to be convex toward the outside of the vehicle. That is, it is preferable that the first glass plate 11 is curved so as to be convex toward the interlayer 13, and the second glass plate 12 is curved so as to be convex toward the opposite side of the interlayer 13. Also, although the laminated glass 10 is shown as trapezoidal in Figure 1(a), the planar shape of the laminated glass 10 is not limited to a trapezoid and may be any shape including a rectangle.

[0021] When the laminated glass 10 is curved, the minimum value of the radius of curvature of the laminated glass 10 is preferably 500 mm or more and 100,000 mm or less. The radii of curvature of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 may be the same or different. If the radii of curvature of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are different, the radius of curvature of the first glass plate 11 is smaller than the radius of curvature of the second glass plate 12.

[0022] The first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are a pair of glass plates facing each other, and the interlayer 13 is located between the pair of glass plates. The first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are fixed together with the interlayer 13 sandwiched between them. The interlayer 13 is a film that joins the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12. The interlayer 13 may be composed of multiple layers.

[0023] It is preferable that the outer peripheral surface of the interlayer 13 is edge-treated. That is, it is preferable that the outer peripheral surface of the interlayer 13 is treated so as not to protrude significantly from the outer peripheral surface of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12. It is preferable that the amount of protrusion of the outer peripheral surface of the interlayer 13 from the outer peripheral surface of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 is 1 mm or less, as this does not impair the appearance. It is more preferable that the amount of protrusion of the outer peripheral surface of the interlayer 13 from the outer peripheral surface of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 is 0.5 mm or less, and even more preferable that it is 0.15 mm or less. Note that if the laminated glass 10 is a side glass, the lower edge is hidden by the door panel, so edge treatment of the lower edge of the interlayer 13 is not essential.

[0024] Furthermore, the outer peripheral surface of the interlayer 13 may be embedded inward from the outer peripheral surface of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12. It is preferable that the amount of embedding of the outer peripheral surface of the interlayer 13 relative to the outer peripheral surface of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 is 3 mm or less, as this does not impair the strength of the laminated glass. More preferably, the amount of embedding of the outer peripheral surface of the interlayer 13 relative to the outer peripheral surface of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 is 2 mm or less, and even more preferably 1 mm or less.

[0025] The shielding layer 14 is an opaque layer, for example, provided in a strip along the periphery of the laminated glass 10. The shielding layer 14 is, for example, an opaque colored ceramic layer, and the color is arbitrary, but dark colors such as black, brown, gray, and dark blue are preferred, and black is more preferred. The shielding layer 14 may be a colored interlayer or colored film with light-shielding properties, a combination of a colored interlayer and a colored ceramic layer, or a layer with a light-adjusting function. The colored film may be integrated with an infrared reflective film or the like.

[0026] The width of the shielding layer 14 in a plan view is, for example, about 10 mm to 250 mm, preferably 20 mm to 220 mm, and more preferably 30 mm to 200 mm. The presence of an opaque shielding layer 14 on the laminated glass 10 suppresses the deterioration of the adhesive made of urethane or other resin that holds the peripheral edge of the laminated glass 10 to the vehicle body due to ultraviolet rays.

[0027] The shielding layer 14 can be formed, for example, by applying a ceramic color paste containing a molten glass frit containing a black pigment onto a glass plate by screen printing or the like, and then firing it, but is not limited to this. The shielding layer 14 may also be formed, for example, by applying an organic ink containing a black or dark color pigment onto a glass plate by screen printing or the like, and then drying it.

[0028] The shielding layer 14 is provided, for example, on the main surface of the first glass plate 11 on the interior side. However, the shielding layer 14 may also be provided on the main surface of the second glass plate 12 on the interior side, or on both the main surface of the first glass plate 11 on the interior side and the main surface of the second glass plate 12 on the interior side.

[0029] The laminated glass 10 has a sensor area S defined by the region surrounded by the shielding layer 14 in a plan view. When the shielding layer 14 is provided on both the main surface on the vehicle side of the first glass plate 11 and the main surface on the vehicle side of the second glass plate 12, the sensor area S is defined by both shielding layers 14. That is, in this case, in a plan view, the sensor area S is the transparent region surrounded by the shielding layer 14 on the main surface on the vehicle side of the first glass plate 11 and the shielding layer 14 on the main surface on the vehicle side of the second glass plate 12.

[0030] The laminated glass 10 has, in a plan view, a first side 10a that is closest to the sensor area S, a second side 10b that is opposite the first side 10a across the sensor area S, a third side 10c that connects one end of the first side 10a and the second side 10b, and a fourth side 10d that connects the other ends of the first side 10a and the second side 10b. When the laminated glass 10 is mounted on a vehicle, the first side 10a becomes the top side, the second side 10b becomes the bottom side, and the third side 10c and the fourth side 10d become the side sides.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, "top" refers to the roof side when the laminated glass 10 is installed in a vehicle, and "bottom" refers to the engine compartment side when the laminated glass 10 is installed in a vehicle. The upper edge refers to the upper edge of the laminated glass 10. The lower edge refers to the lower edge of the laminated glass 10. The side edge refers to the edge of the laminated glass 10 that is sandwiched between the upper and lower edges. If the laminated glass 10 is trapezoidal or rectangular, the side edge can also be said to be the two edges that extend in the vertical direction of the laminated glass 10.

[0032] The sensor region S is the area enclosed by the inner edge of the shielding layer 14 in a plan view, but it is a small area different from the opening region that surrounds the entire outer circumference of the laminated glass 10. In some cases, the sensor region S may not be partially enclosed by the inner edge, such as when the shielding layer 14 is formed in a roughly U-shape. In such cases, the sensor region S is defined by considering a straight line formed by virtually connecting one end of the inner edge of the shielding layer 14 with another as part of the inner edge of the shielding layer 14.

[0033] The sensor area S is an information transmission and reception area where information devices (sensors) such as cameras, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), rain sensors, collision avoidance sensors, lane detection sensors, and night vision devices transmit and / or receive information. In other words, when laminated glass 10 is mounted on a vehicle, these information devices can be placed on the interior side of the sensor area S. The light bandwidth used by these information devices is, for example, approximately 750 nm to 1650 nm. In particular, LiDAR uses infrared light (for example, wavelengths of 905 nm or 1550 nm).

[0034] In laminated glass 10, the area where the shielding layer 14 is not formed is a transparent area. The area inside the sensor area S is also part of the transparent area. Here, the transparent area refers to the area where the visible light transmittance Tv is 70% or more.

[0035] The sensor area S is preferably positioned above test area A as defined in the annex "Test areas for optical properties and light resistance of safety glass" of JIS R3212 (2015) because it does not obstruct the driver's view when the laminated glass 10 is installed in the vehicle, while also being advantageous for acquiring information.

[0036] Furthermore, the sensor area S may be coated with a low-reflection coating, an electric heating coating, an anti-fog coating, etc. Alternatively, a plate-shaped member or film coated with a low-reflection coating, an electric heating coating, an anti-fog coating, etc., may be attached to the sensor area S.

[0037] Figure 2 is a plan view illustrating an interlayer constituting laminated glass according to the first embodiment. Referring to Figure 2, the interlayer 13 comprises a first region 131 and a second region 132. In plan view, the second region 132 is, for example, surrounded by the first region 131. The shape of the second region 132 is not limited, but for example, it is trapezoidal in plan view.

[0038] The second region 132 is a region in which the transmittance for a specific wavelength is higher than that of the first region 131. For example, the second region 132 has a higher infrared light transmittance than the first region. In this case, the first region 131 is, for example, an infrared shielding region and is formed by an organic resin film in which infrared shielding fine particles are dispersed. The second region 132 is, for example, an infrared high transmittance region and is formed by an organic resin film that contains little to no infrared shielding fine particles. Furthermore, the first region 131 has higher heat shielding properties than the second region 132.

[0039] In the first embodiment, as an example, the case in which the first region 131 is an infrared shielding region and the second region 132 is an infrared high transmission region will be described below.

[0040] From the viewpoint of heat shielding performance, the minimum value of the total solar transmittance (Tts) of the first region 131, which is an infrared shielding region, is preferably 75% or less, more preferably 70% or less, and even more preferably 65% ​​or less. Note that the total solar transmittance of the first region 131 is not constant; for example, the total solar transmittance at the lower end of the laminated glass 10 may be the minimum value, resulting in substantially the highest heat shielding performance. The total solar transmittance (Tts) can be measured according to the measurement method specified in ISO 13837.

[0041] The second region 132, which is a high-transmission infrared region, is T 905 ≥90%, T 1550 Satisfying at least one of the conditions ≥80%. Here, T 905 This is the infrared light transmittance of light with a wavelength of 905 nm, and T 1550 This is the infrared light transmittance of light with a wavelength of 1550 nm. 905 and T 1550 This can be measured according to the measurement method specified in JIS R3106 (1998).

[0042] The particle size of the infrared-shielding fine particles incorporated into the organic resin film constituting the first region 131 is preferably 0.2 μm or less, and more preferably 0.001 μm or more and 0.15 μm or less. Examples of materials for the infrared-shielding fine particles include fine particles made of metals, oxides, nitrides, sulfides, or doped products obtained by doping these with Sb or F, such as Sn, Ti, Si, Zn, Zr, Fe, Al, Cr, Co, Ce, In, Ni, Ag, Cu, Pt, Mn, Ta, W, V, and Mo. These fine particles can be used individually or as composites. In particular, using mixtures obtained by mixing these individually or composites with an organic resin, or coatings obtained by coating these individually or composites with an organic resin, is effective in obtaining various performance requirements for automotive window glass.

[0043] Furthermore, it is preferable to use at least one of antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) nanoparticles or tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) nanoparticles as infrared shielding nanoparticles. Both ATO and ITO nanoparticles have excellent infrared shielding performance and require less inclusion in the interlayer film. When comparing ATO and ITO nanoparticles, ITO nanoparticles have superior infrared shielding performance, so it is particularly preferable to use ITO nanoparticles as infrared shielding nanoparticles.

[0044] Furthermore, it is preferable that the organic resin film constituting the first region 131 contains infrared shielding fine particles dispersed in a dispersion ratio of 0.1 to 0.5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the total mass of the organic resin film constituting the first region 131. By using 0.1 parts by mass or more, the desired infrared shielding performance can be obtained, and by using 0.5 parts by mass or less, the haze of the laminated glass 10 can be kept small, and the appearance of the laminated glass 10 can be improved.

[0045] FIG. 3 is a plan view (part 1) showing an enlarged view of the vicinity of the sensor region. The sensor region S is used, for example, as an information transmission / reception region where an information device that handles infrared light such as LiDAR transmits and / or receives information. Therefore, in a plan view, the second region 132 is always located within the sensor region S. That is, a part of the second region 132 is located within the sensor region S in a plan view, and the outer edge of the second region 132 overlaps with the shielding layer 14 in a plan view.

[0046] Of the line segments connecting any two vertices of the sensor region S, the longest line segment L is preferably 100 mm or more, more preferably 150 mm or more, still more preferably 200 mm or more, still more preferably 250 mm or more, and particularly preferably 300 mm or more. Note that any two vertices may be adjacent vertices. In this case, the length of the line segment L coincides with the length of the longest side of the sensor region S. The area of the sensor region S is preferably 5000 mm 2 or more, more preferably 10000 mm 2 or more, still more preferably 20000 mm 2 or more, and particularly preferably 30000 mm 2 or more. The laminated glass 10 can support a wide-angle information device that can recognize the state of the outside world in a wider range as the line segment L is longer and the area of the sensor region S is larger.

[0047] The distance D between the outer edge of the second region 132 and the outer edge of the sensor region S is preferably 2 mm or more, more preferably 3 mm or more, and still more preferably 4 mm or more. Near the outer edge of the second region 132, the thickness is likely to change, and perspective distortion is likely to occur due to the change in thickness. And the perspective distortion has an adverse effect on the transmission and reception of information by the information device. That is, when perspective distortion occurs near the outer edge of the second region 132, the image is distorted if the information device is a camera, or the optical axis is deviated if the information device is a lidar or a millimeter-wave radar. When the distance D between the outer edge of the second region 132 and the outer edge of the sensor region S is 2 mm or more, the portion where the thickness is likely to change is hidden by the shielding layer 14, so perspective distortion is less likely to occur in the sensor region S.

[0048] Figure 4 is a magnified plan view (part 2) of the area near the sensor region. As shown in Figure 4, in the sensor region S, the corners formed by the boundary Sb opposite the second side 10b of the laminated glass 10 and the boundaries Sc and Sd opposite the third side 10c and fourth side 10d are preferably rounded (R). The corners formed by boundary Sb and boundaries Sc and Sd are preferably rounded (R=5mm or more), more preferably rounded (R=7mm or more), and even more preferably rounded (R=10mm or more). By making the R of both ends on the lower side of the sensor region S 5mm or more, the perspective distortion can be made less noticeable. When the corners of the sensor region S are rounded (R), the length of the line segment L is defined with the intersection I of the extensions of the sides forming the corner as the vertex.

[0049] Figure 5 is an enlarged plan view (part 3) of the vicinity of the sensor region. As shown in Figure 5, consider a straight line Lg that passes through the centroid G of the sensor region S and an arbitrary point P on the boundary of the sensor region S in a plan view. Then, on the straight line Lg, let X [μm] be the thickness of the interlayer 13 at point Px, which is 25 mm away from point P in the direction outside the boundary of the sensor region S, Y [μm] be the thickness of the interlayer 13 at point Py, which is 25 mm away from point P in the direction inside the boundary of the sensor region S, and Z [μm] be the thickness of the thinnest part of the interlayer 13 on the straight line Lg between points Px and Py. In this case, it is preferable that (X+Y) / 2-Z≦10 [μm] is satisfied.

[0050] If the thickness variation of the interlayer 13 is within this range, the region where transparency distortion is likely to occur becomes smaller, thus preventing the shielding layer to hide the region where transparency distortion is likely to occur from becoming too large. As a result, the driver's field of view can be greatly improved. In recent years, the FOV (Field of View) of information devices such as cameras has increased, making it difficult for drivers to maintain a clear field of view. Therefore, suppressing the thickness variation of the interlayer 13 and preventing the shielding layer from becoming too large is an effective way to ensure a clear field of view for the driver. It is more preferable if (X+Y) / 2-Z≦5[μm] is satisfied, and even more preferable if (X+Y) / 2-Z≦3[μm] is satisfied. This allows the shielding layer to hide the region where transparency distortion is likely to occur to be made even smaller.

[0051] Furthermore, by reducing the size of the shielding layer used to conceal areas prone to distortion, it becomes possible to secure an area for placing other information devices in close proximity. This increases the field of view (FOV) of the information devices, making it easier to arrange multiple information devices within the limited area on the upper side of the laminated glass 10.

[0052] Furthermore, even if the left-right field of view (FOV) of the information device increases and the acute angles at both ends of the side opposite the second side 10b of the laminated glass 10 become smaller in the sensor region S, distortion near the acute angles can be suppressed.

[0053] Furthermore, in the sensor region S, it is preferable that the value of (X+Y) / 2-Z [μm] at any point P on the boundary opposite to the second side 10b of the laminated glass 10 is smaller than the value of (X+Y) / 2-Z [μm] at any point P on the boundary opposite to the third side 10c and fourth side 10d of the laminated glass 10. In the sensor region S, the area near the boundary opposite to the second side 10b of the laminated glass 10 is more prone to distortion than the area near the boundaries opposite to the third side 10c and fourth side 10d of the laminated glass 10, which negatively affects the transmission and reception of information by the information device. By doing so, distortion can be suppressed throughout the entire sensor region S, thereby reducing the impact on the transmission and reception of information by the information device.

[0054] [Manufacturing method for laminated glass] The manufacturing method for laminated glass 10 includes the steps of producing an interlayer 13 and placing the interlayer 13 between the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 and pressing them together. The process will be explained in detail below with reference to Figures 6 to 10.

[0055] Figures 6 to 9 illustrate the process of fabricating the interlayer. Figure 10 illustrates the process of placing the interlayer between the first glass plate and the second glass plate and pressing them together. First, as shown in Figure 6(a), the first resin film 13A is prepared. The first resin film 13A is a resin film that forms the first region 131, which is an infrared shielding region, in the interlayer 13. To prepare the first resin film 13A, for example, first, a plasticizer in which infrared shielding fine particles are dispersed is dispersed and added to a resin solution for the resin layer, and then mixed and kneaded to produce a resin raw material for the resin layer. Then, this resin raw material for the resin layer is molded by extrusion molding or the like. To give the top and bottom edges curvature according to the design of the laminated glass, for example, by stretching as needed, the first resin film 13A can be obtained. The first resin film 13A may also be prepared by purchasing a commercially available product.

[0056] Next, as shown in Figure 6(b), an opening 13X is formed at a predetermined position in the first resin film 13A. To form the opening 13X, for example, the first resin film 13A is placed between a male mold, which has a cutter blade attached to match the shape of the opening 13X, and a female mold, which has a recess in its base into which the cutter blade fits. Then, the male mold is pressed into the female mold, and a portion of the first resin film 13A is cut out to form the opening 13X.

[0057] Next, as shown in Figures 7(a) and 7(b), the second resin film 13B is cut into a shape with a larger area than the opening 13X to form the third resin film 13C. The third resin film 13C is a resin film that forms the second region 132, which is a high infrared transmittance region, in the interlayer film 13. The third resin film 13C may be prepared as a single unit or in multiple units. To prepare multiple third resin films 13C in multiple units, for example, first, as shown in Figure 7(a), a plasticizer that contains little to no infrared shielding fine particles is dispersed and added to the resin solution for the resin layer, and mixed and kneaded to produce a resin raw material for the resin layer. Then, this resin raw material for the resin layer is molded by extrusion molding or the like to produce the second resin film 13B. After that, the second resin film 13B is cut into individual pieces at the position of the dashed line shown in Figure 7(a), thereby obtaining multiple third resin films 13C as shown in Figure 7(b). The second resin film 13B can be cut, for example, using a male mold with a cutter blade attached to match the shape of the third resin film 13C, and a female mold with a recess in the base into which the cutter blade fits, similar to the process in Figure 6(b). The second resin film 13B and the third resin film 13C may be prepared by purchasing commercially available products.

[0058] In the process shown in Figure 7(b), as shown in Figure 8, each third resin film 13C is cut in a shape similar to the opening 13X in a plan view, and with an area ΔL larger than the area of ​​the opening 13X. Here, ΔL is preferably in the range of 0.001L to 0.005L with respect to the line segment L shown in Figure 3. When the third resin film 13C is cut to such an area, the residual stress in the third resin film 13C is released after cutting, and it becomes smaller, with an area approximately the same as the opening 13X.

[0059] Furthermore, the third resin film 13C is formed, for example, in a trapezoidal shape in plan view. In this case, the angle θ between the lower base and the legs of the trapezoid in the third resin film 13C is preferably 70 degrees or less, more preferably 50 degrees or less, and even more preferably 30 degrees or less. The smaller the angle θ of the laminated glass 10, the more the lower part of the sensor area S can be expanded in the left-right direction, thus enabling it to support a high-angle information device that can recognize the external environment over a wider range.

[0060] Next, as shown above the thick arrow in Figure 9(a), the third resin film 13C, which has a higher infrared light transmittance than the first resin film 13A, is fitted into the opening 13X. At this point, the third resin film 13C has been reduced to approximately the same area as the opening 13X, so it fits into the opening 13X with almost no gaps. If necessary, the boundary between the first resin film 13A and the third resin film 13C may be heated with a soldering iron or the like to weld them together. As a result, an intermediate film 13 is produced having a first region 131 formed from the first resin film 13A and a second region 132 formed from the third resin film 13C, as shown below the thick arrow in Figure 9(a).

[0061] Next, laminated glass 10 is manufactured in the process shown in Figure 10. First, a first glass plate 11 and a second glass plate 12 are prepared. The first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are bent into a desired shape predetermined by, for example, design drawings or CAD data. For bending the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12, for example, a gravity forming method can be used, in which the glass plates are placed on a ring mold and passed through a heating furnace to heat the glass plates above their softening point to soften them, and then bent into the desired shape by gravity. Alternatively, a press forming method can be used, in which the glass plates heated above their softening point are sandwiched between a male mold and a female mold and pressed to form them. The first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 may be bent separately, or they may be stacked and bent simultaneously.

[0062] The first glass plate 11 and / or the second glass plate 12 may have a shielding layer 14 formed along their peripheral edges. In this embodiment, the case in which the shielding layer 14 is formed on the first glass plate 11 is illustrated. The shielding layer 14 can be formed, for example, by applying a ceramic color paste containing a molten glass frit containing a black pigment onto the glass plate by screen printing or the like, and then firing it, but is not limited to this. The shielding layer 14 may also be formed, for example, by applying an organic ink containing a black or dark color pigment onto the glass plate by screen printing or the like, and then drying it. After the pressing process, the area of ​​the sensor region S defined by the region surrounded by the shielding layer 14 in a plan view is 5000 mm².2 It is preferable that the shielding layer 14 is formed such that the outer edge of the third resin film 13C overlaps with the shielding layer 14 in a plan view, and the distance from the outer edge of the third resin film 13C to the sensor area S is 2 mm or more.

[0063] Next, a preliminary crimping process is performed. In the preliminary crimping process, the interlayer film 13 obtained in the process shown in Figure 9 is placed between the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 to form a laminate 120, and this laminate 120 is crimped. For example, this laminate 120 is placed in a rubber bag, rubber channel, resin bag, etc., and crimped in a vacuum controlled at a gauge pressure of -100kPa to -65kPa and a temperature controlled at approximately 70°C to 120°C. Alternatively, the laminate 120 may be passed between nipper rolls, and an equivalent pressure may be applied to the laminate 120. The heating conditions, temperature conditions, and lamination method are selected as appropriate.

[0064] After the preliminary crimping process, the main crimping process is performed. In the main crimping process, for example, a crimping treatment is performed by heating and pressurizing under controlled conditions, such as an absolute pressure of 0.6 MPa to 1.3 MPa and a temperature of 100°C to 150°C. This results in a laminated glass 10 with excellent durability. In some cases, the main crimping process may be omitted to simplify the process and to consider the characteristics of the material enclosed in the laminated glass 10. In other words, the main crimping process is performed as needed. Through the above process, a laminated glass 10 is obtained in which a part of the third resin film 13C is located within the sensor area S defined by the area surrounded by the shielding layer 14 in a plan view.

[0065] Furthermore, if the third resin film 13C is cut to the same area as the opening 13X in the process shown in Figure 7(b), the residual stress in the third resin film 13C will be released after cutting, making it smaller than the opening 13X. As a result, as shown above the thick arrow in Figure 11(a), when the third resin film 13C is fitted into the opening 13X of the first resin film 13A, a gap will be created between the first region 131 and the second region 132, as shown below the thick arrow in Figure 11(a).

[0066] Conventionally, when the sensor area is relatively small, the area of ​​the third resin film 13C is also small, and therefore the degree of shrinkage due to the release of residual stress is also small. As a result, the gap is also small, and in some cases the gap does not pose a problem. However, as the level of autonomous driving increases, the detection field of view of the sensor tends to expand, making it necessary to make the sensor area larger. In this case, the area of ​​the third resin film 13C becomes larger, and therefore the degree of shrinkage due to the release of residual stress also increases. As a result, the gap becomes larger, and the gap becomes a problem.

[0067] Specifically, if the gap becomes large, when the laminated glass 10 is manufactured using the interlayer 13 in the process shown in Figure 10, bubbles may remain in the pre-pressing process. In addition, in the completed laminated glass 10, the thickness variation at the boundary between the first region 131 and the second region 132 of the interlayer 13 becomes large, resulting in increased perspective distortion.

[0068] In the manufacturing method of laminated glass shown in Figures 6 to 10, in the steps shown in Figures 7(a) and 7(b), the second resin film 13B is cut into a shape with an area larger than the opening 13X to form the third resin film 13C. As a result, gaps are less likely to occur at the boundary between the first region 131 and the second region 132 of the interlayer film 13, and the occurrence of residual bubbles in the pre-pressing process can be suppressed. In addition, since the thickness variation at the boundary between the first region 131 and the second region 132 of the interlayer film 13 is reduced, the occurrence of perspective distortion can be suppressed.

[0069] Here, the first glass plate 11, the second glass plate 12, and the interlayer 13 will be described in detail.

[0070] [Glass plate] The first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 may be inorganic glass or organic glass. Examples of inorganic glass include soda-lime glass, aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, and quartz glass, without any particular limitations. The second glass plate 12, located on the outside of the laminated glass 10, is preferably inorganic glass from the viewpoint of scratch resistance, and preferably soda-lime glass from the viewpoint of moldability. When the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are soda-lime glass, clear glass, green glass containing a predetermined amount or more of iron, and UV-cut green glass can be suitably used.

[0071] Inorganic glass can be either untempered or tempered glass. Untempered glass is made by forming molten glass into a sheet and then slowly cooling it. Tempered glass is made by forming a compressive stress layer on the surface of untempered glass.

[0072] Tempered glass can be either physically tempered glass, such as air-cooled tempered glass, or chemically tempered glass. In the case of physically tempered glass, the glass surface can be strengthened by creating a compressive stress layer on the glass surface due to the temperature difference between the glass surface and the inside of the glass, through operations other than slow cooling, such as rapidly cooling a uniformly heated glass plate from a temperature near its softening point during bending.

[0073] In the case of chemically strengthened glass, for example, the glass surface can be strengthened by generating compressive stress on the glass surface after bending, using methods such as ion exchange. Furthermore, glass that absorbs ultraviolet or infrared rays may be used, and while transparency is preferred, glass plates that are colored to an extent that does not impair transparency may also be used. When the laminated glass 10 is a windshield, it is preferable that both the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are unstrengthened glass.

[0074] On the other hand, examples of materials for organic glass include polycarbonate, acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, and polystyrene.

[0075] Furthermore, the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are T 905 and T 1550 It is particularly preferable to select glass with a good value for . Specifically, it is preferable that at least one of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 contains, by weight ratio, the total content of iron converted to Fe2O3: 0.002% to 1%, Cr2O3: 0.0001% to 1%, and Co: 0.0001% to 0.5%.

[0076] Furthermore, at least one of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 may contain, by weight, a total iron content converted to Fe2O3 of 0.002% or more and 0.06% or less, and Cr2O3 of 0.0001% or more and 0.06% or less. Furthermore, at least one of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 may contain, by weight, a total iron content converted to Fe2O3 of 0.002% or more and 0.06% or less, Cr2O3 of 0.0015% or more and 1% or less, and Co of 0.0001% or more and 0.5% or less. Furthermore, at least one of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 may contain, by weight, a total iron content converted to Fe2O3 of 0.02% or more and 1% or less, Cr2O3 of 0.002% or more and 0.5% or less, and Co of 0.0001% or more and 0.5% or less. Furthermore, at least one of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 may contain, by weight, the total iron content converted to Fe2O3: 0.002% to 1%, Cr2O3: 0.001% to 0.5%, Co: 0.0001% to 0.5%, and Se: 0.0003% to 0.5%.

[0077] The first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are not limited to trapezoidal or rectangular shapes, but may be processed into various shapes and curvatures. Gravity forming, press forming, roller forming, etc., may be used for bending the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12. The forming method for the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 is also not particularly limited; for example, in the case of inorganic glass, glass plates formed by the float method are preferred.

[0078] The thickness of the second glass plate 12 is preferably 1.1 mm to 3 mm at its thinnest part. If the thickness of the second glass plate 12 is 1.1 mm or more, the strength, such as resistance to flying stones, is sufficient, and if it is 3 mm or less, the mass of the laminated glass 10 does not become too large, which is preferable in terms of vehicle fuel efficiency. The thickness of the second glass plate 12 is more preferably 1.8 mm to 2.8 mm at its thinnest part, even more preferably 1.8 mm to 2.6 mm, even more preferably 1.8 mm to 2.2 mm, and even more preferably 1.8 mm to 2.1 mm.

[0079] The thickness of the first glass plate 11 is preferably 0.3 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less. If the thickness of the first glass plate 11 is 0.3 mm or more, it is easy to handle, and if it is 2.3 mm or less, the mass does not become too large.

[0080] Furthermore, if the thickness of the first glass plate 11 is inappropriate, forming two glass plates with particularly deep curves as the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 will result in a mismatch in the shapes of the two plates, which will significantly affect the glass quality, such as residual stress after compression.

[0081] However, by setting the thickness of the first glass plate 11 to 0.3 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less, glass quality such as residual stress can be maintained. Setting the thickness of the first glass plate 11 to 0.3 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less is particularly effective in maintaining glass quality in glass with deep curvature. The thickness of the first glass plate 11 is more preferably 0.5 mm or more and 2.2 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.7 mm or more and 2.1 mm or less. Within this range, the above effects become even more pronounced.

[0082] When the laminated glass 10 is used, for example, in a head-up display, the first glass plate 11 and / or the second glass plate 12 do not have a constant thickness, but their thickness may vary from place to place as needed. For example, when the laminated glass 10 is a windshield, either or both of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 may have a wedge-shaped cross-section in which the thickness gradually increases from the bottom edge to the top edge of the windshield when the windshield is installed in the vehicle. In this case, if the thickness of the interlayer 13 is constant, the combined wedge angle of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 may be varied, for example, in a range greater than 0 mrad and less than or equal to 1.0 mrad. By making either or both of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 have a wedge-shaped cross-section, the interlayer 13 can have a constant thickness without wedges. Therefore, there is no need to go through the trouble of matching the wedge-shaped thickness of the first resin film in which the opening is formed and the third resin film fitted into the opening, as would be the case if the interlayer film 13 had a wedge-shaped cross-section.

[0083] A coating having water-repellent, ultraviolet and infrared-cutting functions, or low-reflectivity and low-emissivity properties may be applied to the outer surface of the first glass plate 11 and / or the second glass plate 12. Alternatively, a coating with ultraviolet and infrared-cutting, low-emissivity properties, visible light absorption, or coloring properties may be applied to the side of the first glass plate 11 and / or the second glass plate 12 that is in contact with the interlayer 13.

[0084] When the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are made of curved inorganic glass, the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are bent after being formed by the float method and before being bonded with the interlayer film 13. Bending is performed by softening the glass by heating. The heating temperature of the glass during bending should be controlled to a range of approximately 550°C to 700°C.

[0085] [Interlayer] Thermoplastic resins are often used as the interlayer 13. Examples include thermoplastic resins that have been conventionally used in this type of application, such as plasticized polyvinyl acetal resins, plasticized polyvinyl chloride resins, saturated polyester resins, plasticized saturated polyester resins, polyurethane resins, plasticized polyurethane resins, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resins, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer resins, cycloolefin polymer resins, and ionomer resins. In addition, resin compositions containing modified block copolymer hydrides described in Japanese Patent No. 6065221 can also be suitably used.

[0086] Among these, plasticized polyvinyl acetal resins are preferred because they offer an excellent balance of various properties such as transparency, weather resistance, strength, adhesiveness, puncture resistance, impact energy absorption, moisture resistance, heat insulation, and sound insulation. These thermoplastic resins may be used individually or in combination of two or more types. In the context of the above-mentioned plasticized polyvinyl acetal resins, "plasticization" means that the resin has been plasticized by the addition of a plasticizer. The same applies to other plasticized resins.

[0087] However, when a specific substance is encapsulated in the interlayer 13, depending on the type of substance encapsulated, it may be degraded by a specific plasticizer. In such cases, it is preferable to use a resin that substantially does not contain that plasticizer. Examples of resins that do not contain plasticizers include ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) resins.

[0088] Examples of the above-mentioned polyvinyl acetal resins include polyvinyl formal resin obtained by reacting polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with formaldehyde, polyvinyl acetal resin in the narrow sense obtained by reacting PVA with acetaldehyde, and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin obtained by reacting PVA with n-butyraldehyde. In particular, PVB is preferred because it has an excellent balance of various properties such as transparency, weather resistance, strength, adhesiveness, puncture resistance, impact energy absorption, moisture resistance, heat insulation, and sound insulation. These polyvinyl acetal resins may be used individually or in combination of two or more types.

[0089] However, the material forming the interlayer 13 is not limited to thermoplastic resins. Furthermore, the interlayer 13 may contain functional particles such as infrared absorbers, ultraviolet absorbers, and light-emitting agents.

[0090] The thickness of the interlayer 13 is preferably 0.5 mm or more at its thinnest point. If the interlayer 13 consists of multiple layers, the thickness of the interlayer 13 refers to the total thickness of all layers. A thickness of 0.5 mm or more at the thinnest point of the interlayer 13 provides sufficient impact resistance for laminated glass. Furthermore, the thickness of the interlayer 13 is preferably 3 mm or less at its thickest point. A maximum thickness of 3 mm or less prevents the mass of the laminated glass from becoming excessively large. A maximum thickness of 2.8 mm or less is more preferable, and 2.6 mm or less is even more preferable.

[0091] When the laminated glass 10 is used, for example, as a head-up display, the interlayer 13 does not have a constant thickness, and its thickness may vary from place to place as needed. For example, when the laminated glass 10 is a windshield, the interlayer 13 may have a wedge-shaped cross-section in which the thickness gradually increases from the bottom edge to the top edge of the windshield when the windshield is installed in the vehicle. In this case, if the thickness of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 is constant, the wedge angle of the interlayer 13 may be varied, for example, in a range greater than 0 mrad and less than or equal to 1.0 mrad.

[0092] Furthermore, if the interlayer 13 has a wedge-shaped cross-section, it is preferable that both the first resin film 13A and the third resin film 13C have a wedge-shaped cross-section. This reduces the thickness variation at the boundary between the first region 131 and the second region 132 of the interlayer 13 when it is used to form laminated glass, thereby suppressing the occurrence of perspective distortion.

[0093] The interlayer 13 may have three or more layers. For example, if the interlayer is formed from three or more layers, and the shear modulus of any of the layers other than the two side layers is made smaller than the shear modulus of the two side layers by adjusting the plasticizer, the sound insulation of the laminated glass 10 can be improved. In this case, the shear moduli of the two side layers may be the same or different.

[0094] Furthermore, if the interlayer 13 includes multiple layers, it is desirable that each layer included in the interlayer 13 be formed from the same material, but they may also be formed from different materials. However, from the viewpoint of adhesion to the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12, or as a functional material to be embedded in the laminated glass 10, it is desirable that 50% or more of the thickness of the interlayer 13 be made from the above-mentioned material.

[0095] To produce the interlayer 13, for example, the above-mentioned resin material to be the interlayer is appropriately selected and extruded using an extruder in a heated and molten state. The extrusion conditions, such as the extrusion speed of the extruder, are set to be uniform. Then, the extruded resin film is stretched as necessary to give curvature to the top and bottom edges according to the design of the laminated glass, thereby completing the interlayer 13. The method for producing the first resin film 13A, which becomes the first region 131 that is the infrared shielding region in the interlayer 13, is as described above.

[0096] [Laminated glass] The total thickness of the laminated glass 10 is preferably 2.8 mm or more and 10 mm or less. If the total thickness of the laminated glass 10 is 2.8 mm or more, sufficient rigidity can be ensured. If the total thickness of the laminated glass 10 is 10 mm or less, sufficient light transmittance can be obtained and haze can be reduced.

[0097] In at least one side of the laminated glass 10, the misalignment between the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 is preferably 1.5 mm or less, and more preferably 1 mm or less. Here, the misalignment between the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 is the amount of misalignment between the outer peripheral surface of the first glass plate 11 and the outer peripheral surface of the second glass plate 12 in a plan view.

[0098] It is preferable in terms of not impairing the appearance if the misalignment between the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 on at least one side of the laminated glass 10 is 1.5 mm or less. It is even preferable in terms of not impairing the appearance if the misalignment between the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 on at least one side of the laminated glass 10 is 1.0 mm or less.

[0099] To manufacture laminated glass 10, an interlayer film 13 is sandwiched between a first glass plate 11 and a second glass plate 12 to form a laminate. Then, for example, this laminate is placed in a rubber bag, rubber chamber, or resin bag, and bonded in a vacuum controlled at a gauge pressure of -100kPa to -65kPa and a temperature controlled at approximately 70°C to 110°C. The heating conditions, temperature conditions, and lamination method are selected as appropriate.

[0100] Furthermore, by performing a bonding process that involves heating and pressurizing under controlled conditions, for example, a temperature of 100°C to 150°C and an absolute pressure of 0.6 MPa to 1.5 MPa, a more durable laminated glass 10 can be obtained. However, in some cases, this heating and pressurizing process may be omitted to simplify the process and to consider the characteristics of the material sealed inside the laminated glass 10.

[0101] A method called "cold bending" may be used, in which either one or both of the first glass plate 11 or the second glass plate 12 are joined in a state where they are elastically deformed relative to each other. Cold bending can be achieved by using a laminate consisting of the first glass plate 11, the interlayer 13, and the second glass plate 12, which are fixed by temporary fastening means such as tape, and by using conventionally known pre-pressing devices such as nip rollers, rubber bags, or rubber chambers, and an autoclave.

[0102] Between the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12, in addition to the interlayer 13, there may be films or devices having functions such as heating, infrared reflection, light emission, power generation, dimming, touch panel, visible light reflection, scattering, decoration, and absorption, to the extent that they do not impair the effects of the present invention. Furthermore, the surface of the laminated glass 10 may have a film having functions such as anti-fogging, water repellency, heat shielding, and low reflectivity. In addition, the main surface of the first glass plate 11 on the exterior side of the vehicle and the main surface of the second glass plate 12 on the interior side of the vehicle may have a film having functions such as heat shielding and heat generation.

[0103] <Variation 1 of the First Embodiment> Modification 1 of the first embodiment shows an example of an interlayer different from that of the first embodiment. In Modification 1 of the first embodiment, descriptions of components that are the same as those described in the previously described embodiment may be omitted.

[0104] Figure 12 is a plan view illustrating an interlayer constituting a laminated glass according to a modified example 1 of the first embodiment. Referring to Figure 12, the interlayer 13M differs from the interlayer 13 (see Figure 2) in that the first region 131 comprises a shade function region 135 and a non-shade function region 136.

[0105] The shade function region 135 is a band-shaped region with reduced visible light transmittance, also known as a shade band. The non-shade function region 136 adjacent to the shade function region 135 is a region with higher visible light transmittance than the shade function region 135. The visible light transmittance of the non-shade function region 136 is, for example, 70% or more.

[0106] It is preferable that the shade function area 135 is adjusted so that its transmittance gradually increases from the top to the bottom of Figure 12, in order to provide anti-glare without obstructing the driver's view. In addition, the boundary between the shade function area 135 and the non-shade function area 136 may be blurred in an unclear manner.

[0107] In the example shown in Figure 12, the entire second region 132 is located in the shade function region 135 of the first region 131. However, a portion of the second region 132 may be located in the shade function region 135 of the first region 131, while the remaining portion is located in the non-shade function region 136 of the first region 131. The visible light transmittance of the resin film located in the second region 132 is higher than the visible light transmittance of the shade function region 135 of the first region 131. The visible light transmittance of the second region 132 is preferably 70% or higher.

[0108] The interlayer 13M, having a shade function region 135 in its first region 131, can enhance the anti-glare effect of laminated glass when used in laminated glass. Specifically, because the first region 131 of the interlayer 13M has a shade function region 135, visible light incident from above and obliquely above the driver's field of vision can be attenuated before being brought into the vehicle, thus preventing the driver from being dazzled by the morning sun, evening sun, etc.

[0109] Furthermore, since the interlayer 13M has a second region 132 in which the visible light transmittance is higher than that of the shade function region 135 of the first region 131, by aligning the second region 132 with the sensor region of the laminated glass, an information device can transmit and / or receive information via the sensor region.

[0110] The shade function region 135 is created, for example, by coloring a part of the first resin film 13A shown in Figure 6, and the uncolored part of the first resin film 13A becomes the non-shade function region 136. The coloring pigment used to color a part of the first resin film 13A can be one that can be used for plastics, and the amount added should be adjusted so that the visible light transmittance of the colored part is, for example, 40% or less. Examples include organic coloring pigments such as azo, phthalocyanine, quinacridone, perylene, perinone, dioxazine, anthraquinone, and isoindolino, and inorganic coloring pigments such as oxides, hydroxides, sulfides, chromic acid, sulfates, carbonates, silicates, phosphates, arsenates, ferrocyanides, carbon, and metal powders. These coloring pigments may be used individually or in combination of two or more types.

[0111] The step of providing an opening 13X in the first resin film 13A is the same as in the first embodiment, but at least a portion of the opening 13X is formed in the shade function region 135. Then, a third resin film 13C, which has a higher visible light transmittance than the shade function region 135, is fitted into the opening X. Similar to the first embodiment, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained by cutting the second resin film 13B into a shape with a larger area than the opening 13X and forming the third resin film 13C.

[0112] <Examples and Comparative Examples> Examples and comparative examples are described below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Examples 1 and 3 are examples, examples 2 and 4 are comparative examples, and example 5 is a reference example.

[0113] (Example 1) A first glass plate (manufactured by AGC Corporation) to serve as the inner plate and a second glass plate (manufactured by AGC Corporation) to serve as the outer plate were prepared for the laminated glass. The dimensions of both the first and second glass plates were 300 mm (length) x 300 mm (width) x 2 mm (thickness). A black colored ceramic layer was formed as a shielding layer on the outer periphery of the inner surface of the first glass plate. The colored ceramic layer was formed by screen printing black ceramic paste onto the surface of the first glass plate, drying it at 120°C for 15 minutes, and then firing it at 600°C for 5 minutes. At this time, the colored ceramic layer was designed to form a sensor area of ​​100 mm (length) x 100 mm (width) with an area of ​​10,000 mm². 2 A square opening was formed. At this time, L was 141 mm. In addition, a PVB film with a thickness of 0.76 mm containing infrared shielding fine particles was prepared as the first resin film, and a PVB film with a thickness of 0.76 mm without infrared shielding fine particles was prepared as the second resin film.

[0114] Then, using the method described with reference to Figure 6, the first resin film was made 100 mm long x 100 mm wide with an area of ​​10,000 mm². 2An opening was formed. Next, a third resin film was formed from the second resin film using the method described with reference to Figure 7. The third resin film was cut in a shape similar to the opening in a plan view, and with an area ΔL larger than the area of ​​the opening. Here, ΔL was set to 0.001L with respect to the longest line segment L connecting any two vertices of the sensor region. Next, the third resin film was fitted into the opening of the first resin film using the method described with reference to Figure 9 to create an interlayer film. No gap was observed between the third resin film and the first resin film. Next, laminated glass was fabricated using the method described with reference to Figure 10.

[0115] After fabricating the laminated glass, the thickness of the interlayer was measured near the sensor area, and the (X+Y) / 2-Z value was calculated for all boundaries of the sensor area, with a maximum of 10 μm. Furthermore, after fabricating the laminated glass, a visual inspection for the presence of air bubbles was performed, and no air bubbles were found.

[0116] (Example 2) In Example 2, when forming the third resin film from the second resin film, the third resin film was cut to the same area as the opening. In other words, in Example 2, ΔL = 0. When the third resin film was fitted into the opening of the first resin film to create an interlayer, a small gap of about 0.7 mm was observed between the third resin film and the first resin film. Laminated glass was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0117] After fabricating the laminated glass, the thickness of the interlayer was measured near the sensor area, and the (X+Y) / 2-Z value was calculated for all boundaries of the sensor area, with a maximum thickness of 15 μm. Furthermore, after fabricating the laminated glass, a visual inspection for the presence of air bubbles revealed the presence of air bubbles.

[0118] (Example 3) In Example 3, ΔL = 0.005L was used. The third resin film was fitted into the opening of the first resin film to create an interlayer, and no gap was observed between the third resin film and the first resin film. Laminated glass was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0119] After fabricating the laminated glass, the thickness of the interlayer was measured near the sensor area, and the (X+Y) / 2-Z value was calculated for all boundaries of the sensor area, with a maximum of 8 μm. Furthermore, after fabricating the laminated glass, a visual inspection for the presence of air bubbles was performed, and no air bubbles were found.

[0120] (Example 4) In Example 4, ΔL = 0.0005L was used. When the third resin film was fitted into the opening of the first resin film to create an interlayer, a small gap of about 0.6 mm was observed between the third resin film and the first resin film. Laminated glass was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0121] After fabricating the laminated glass, the thickness of the interlayer was measured near the sensor area, and the (X+Y) / 2-Z value was calculated for all boundaries of the sensor area, with a maximum thickness of 13 μm. Furthermore, after fabricating the laminated glass, a visual inspection for the presence of air bubbles revealed the presence of air bubbles.

[0122] (Example 5) In Example 5, ΔL = 0.006L was used. When attempting to fit the third resin film into the opening of the first resin film, the third resin film was larger than the opening of the first resin film, making it impossible to fit the third resin film into the opening of the first resin film. Therefore, as in Example 1, the interlayer and laminated glass could not be fabricated.

[0123] [Table 1] The results for Examples 1 to 5 are summarized in Table 1. In Table 1, ○ indicates no foam residue, and × indicates foam residue.

[0124] In this way, during the interlayer fabrication process, the second resin film was cut to a shape larger in area than the opening to form the third resin film, and the third resin film was fitted into the opening of the first resin film. This resulted in a state where there was no gap or almost no gap between the third resin film and the first resin film. As a result, the occurrence of residual bubbles was suppressed during the laminated glass fabrication process. Furthermore, because there was almost no gap between the third resin film and the first resin film, the thickness fluctuation of the interlayer near the boundary between the third and first resin films was suppressed, and (X+Y) / 2-Z≦10[μm] was achieved after the completion of the laminated glass. This is thought to suppress the transparency distortion of the laminated glass.

[0125] Although preferred embodiments have been described in detail above, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications and substitutions can be made to the embodiments described above without departing from the scope of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0126] 10 Laminated glass 10a First side 10b Second side 10c Third side 10d, 4th side 11. First glass plate 12. Second glass plate 13,13M Intermediate film 13A 1st resin film 13B Second resin film 13C Third resin film 13X opening 14 Shielding layer 120-layer structure 131 First area 132 Second area 135 Shade function area 136 Non-shaded functional area

Claims

1. The process of fabricating the interlayer, The process includes the step of placing the interlayer film between the first glass plate and the second glass plate and pressing them together, The process for producing the aforementioned interlayer film is as follows: A step of forming an opening in the first resin film, A step of cutting the second resin film into a shape with a larger area than the opening to form a third resin film, The step includes fitting the third resin film into the opening, The first glass plate and / or the second glass plate have a shielding layer formed along the peripheral edge, After the pressing step, a portion of the third resin film is located within the sensor area defined by the region surrounded by the shielding layer in a plan view. The area of ​​the sensor region is 20,000 mm² or more. In the step of forming the third resin film, the third resin film is similar in shape to the opening in a plan view, and is cut by a distance ΔL greater than the area of ​​the opening with respect to the longest line segment L connecting any two vertices of the sensor region. The aforementioned ΔL is in the range of 0.001 L or more and 0.005 L or less. A method for manufacturing laminated glass.

2. The process for producing the aforementioned interlayer film is as follows: A method for manufacturing laminated glass according to claim 1, further comprising the step of heating the boundary between the first resin film and the third resin film and welding them together, after the fitting step.

3. The method for manufacturing laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the area of ​​the sensor region is 30,000 mm² or more.

4. The method for manufacturing laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, after the pressing step, the line segment L is 100 mm or longer.

5. The outer edge of the third resin film overlaps with the shielding layer in a plan view. The method for manufacturing laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the distance from the outer edge of the third resin film to the sensor area is 2 mm or more.

6. A method for manufacturing laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, in a plan view, on a straight line Lg passing through the centroid G of the sensor region and an arbitrary point P on the boundary of the sensor region, the thickness of the interlayer at point Px, which is 25 mm away from point P in the direction outward from the boundary of the sensor region, is X [μm], the thickness of the interlayer at point Py, which is 25 mm away from point P in the direction inward from the boundary of the sensor region, is Y [μm], and the thickness of the thinnest part of the interlayer on the straight line Lg between point Px and point Py is Z [μm], the condition (X + Y) / 2 - Z ≤ 10 [μm] is satisfied.

7. The laminated glass has, in a plan view, a first side that is closest to the sensor area, a second side that is opposite to the first side across the sensor area, a third side that connects one end of the first side and the second side, and a fourth side that connects the other ends of the first side and the second side. The method for manufacturing laminated glass according to claim 6, wherein in the sensor region, the value of (X+Y) / 2-Z [μm] at any point P on the boundary opposite to the second side is smaller than the value of (X+Y) / 2-Z [μm] at any point P on the boundary opposite to the third side and the fourth side.

8. The laminated glass has, in a plan view, a first side that is closest to the sensor area, a second side that is opposite to the first side across the sensor area, a third side that connects one end of the first side and the second side, and a fourth side that connects the other ends of the first side and the second side. The method for manufacturing laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the sensor region, each corner formed by the boundary opposite the second side and the boundaries opposite the third side and the fourth side has an R shape of R = 5 mm or more.

9. The method for manufacturing laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the third resin film is trapezoidal in shape with an angle of 70 degrees or less between the bottom and the legs.

10. The first resin film contains infrared shielding fine particles, A method for manufacturing laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the third resin film, which has a higher infrared light transmittance than the first resin film, is fitted into the opening.

11. The first resin film has a shade function region, At least a portion of the opening is formed in the shade function area, A method for manufacturing laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the third resin film, which has a visible light transmittance higher than that of the shade functional region, is fitted into the opening.

12. The first glass plate and The second glass plate and An interlayer located between the first glass plate and the second glass plate, It comprises a shielding layer formed along the peripheral edges of the first glass plate and / or the second glass plate, The interlayer comprises a first region and a second region having a transmittance for a specific wavelength higher than that of the first region. A portion of the second region is located within the sensor region defined by the region surrounded by the shielding layer in a plan view. In a plan view, on a straight line Lg passing through the centroid G of the sensor region and an arbitrary point P on the boundary of the sensor region, if the thickness of the interlayer at point Px, 25 mm away from point P in the outward direction of the boundary of the sensor region, is X [μm], the thickness of the interlayer at point Py, 25 mm away from point P in the inward direction of the boundary of the sensor region, is Y [μm], and the thickness of the thinnest part of the interlayer on the straight line Lg between point Px and point Py is Z [μm], then (X + Y) / 2 - Z ≤ 10 [μm] is satisfied. The area of ​​the sensor region is 20,000 mm² or more. Laminated glass.

13. The laminated glass has, in a plan view, a first side that is closest to the sensor area, a second side that is opposite to the first side across the sensor area, a third side that connects one end of the first side and the second side, and a fourth side that connects the other ends of the first side and the second side. The laminated glass according to claim 12, wherein in the sensor region, the value of (X+Y) / 2-Z [μm] at any point P on the boundary opposite to the second side is smaller than the value of (X+Y) / 2-Z [μm] at any point P on the boundary opposite to the third side and the fourth side.

14. The laminated glass according to claim 12, wherein the sensor area is an information transmission and reception area where LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) transmits and / or receives information.

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