Hoisting machine, elevator, and method for manufacturing a hoisting machine

Abstract

To provide a hoisting machine that can accommodate multiple installation configurations without complicating the assembly process. [Solution] The hoisting machine comprises a drive sheave for winding and unwinding a rope, a shaft arranged along the rotation axis of the drive sheave and for rotating the drive sheave, a bearing that rotatably supports the shaft, a housing having a cylindrical bearing housing portion that accommodates the shaft and the bearing, and a bearing holding member that holds the bearing within the bearing housing portion. The bearing holding member has a spacer that abuts the bearing from the axial direction and forms an annular gap between itself and the outer circumference of the bearing housing portion with respect to the axial direction, and an opening that connects the inner diameter side space of the bearing housing portion and the gap in the radial direction. The housing has a through hole that connects the bearing housing portion and the outside of the housing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a hoist, an elevator, and a method for manufacturing a hoist.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, a hoist for an elevator that rotates a driving sheave with an electric motor to move a car has been known. The installation mode of this type of hoist is determined according to the positional relationship with a pulley, an elevator car, etc. At this time, in the installation mode where the hoist is installed so that the rope extends upward and the installation mode where the hoist is installed so that the rope extends downward, the specifications of the hoist are different from each other.

[0003] For example, in order to be able to periodically replace the lubricant of the bearing of the hoist, it is necessary to provide an outlet for the lubricant on the lower side in the direction of gravity. However, when the installation direction of the hoist is different with respect to the direction of gravity, the position of the outlet for the lubricant is different, so it is difficult to apply hoists of the same specification between the two.

[0004] For example, Patent Document 1 proposes an elevator hoist in which the discharge position of the lubricant can be changed by dividing the bracket and the housing.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] However, in the hoist of Patent Document 1, the number of parts increases, and there is room for improvement in that the assembly work of the hoist becomes complicated.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a hoisting machine that can accommodate multiple installation configurations without complicating the assembly process. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] One embodiment of a hoisting machine includes a drive sheave for winding and unwinding a rope, a shaft arranged along the rotation axis of the drive sheave and for rotating the drive sheave, a bearing that rotatably supports the shaft, a housing having a cylindrical bearing housing portion that accommodates the shaft and the bearing, and a bearing holding member that holds the bearing within the bearing housing portion. The bearing holding member has a spacer that abuts the bearing from the axial direction and forms an annular gap between itself and the outer circumference of the bearing housing portion with respect to the axial direction, and an opening that connects the inner diameter space of the bearing housing portion and the gap in the radial direction. The housing has a through hole that connects the bearing housing portion to the outside of the housing.

[0009] The hoisting machine in one of the above embodiments may have legs for mounting the hoisting machine. The position of the through-hole in the housing may be determined according to the position of the legs relative to the direction of gravity in the installed state.

[0010] The bearing in one embodiment described above may be able to receive lubricating oil from the outside of the housing. Through holes may guide the lubricating oil to be discharged through the opening and gaps. The bearing retaining member in the above embodiment may have multiple openings in the circumferential direction.

[0011] The housing in one embodiment described above may further house a rotor attached to a shaft and a stator that forms a magnetic field for rotating the rotor. Furthermore, the bearing may be positioned between the drive sheave and the rotor, and the bearing retaining member may be positioned to face both the bearing and the rotor. Furthermore, in one embodiment described above, the housing may be formed by casting, and the through-hole may be formed by machining. Another embodiment of the elevator comprises a hoisting machine as described in one embodiment above, and a car that moves by winding up or unwinding the rope of the hoisting machine.

[0012] Further other embodiments are a method for manufacturing a hoisting machine, the hoisting machine comprising: a drive sheave for winding and unwinding a rope; a shaft arranged along the rotation axis of the drive sheave and for rotating the drive sheave; a bearing that rotatably supports the shaft; a housing having a cylindrical bearing housing for housing the shaft and the bearing; and a bearing holding member for holding the bearing within the bearing housing, wherein the bearing holding member has a spacer that abuts the bearing axially and forms an annular gap between itself and the outer circumference of the bearing housing about the axial direction, and an opening that radially connects the inner diameter space of the bearing housing and the gap, and the housing has a through hole that connects the bearing housing and the outside of the housing. The method comprises the steps of forming the housing by casting and forming the through hole by machining. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] According to one embodiment, a hoisting machine that can accommodate multiple installation configurations can be provided without complicating the assembly process. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0014] [Figure 1] (a) is a front view of the hoisting machine according to the first embodiment of this model, and (b) is a side view of Figure 1(a). [Figure 2] (a) is a cross-sectional view of line AA in Figure 1(b), and (b) is an enlarged view of Figure 2(a). [Figure 3] This is a diagram showing the schematic configuration of an elevator. [Figure 4] This is a perspective view of the bearing retaining member. [Figure 5] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along line BB. [Figure 6] This is a side view of a hoisting machine according to a second aspect of this embodiment. [Figure 7] (a) is a cross-sectional view of line CC in Figure 6, and (b) is an enlarged view of Figure 7(a).

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0015] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the embodiments, for the sake of easy understanding of the description, structures and elements other than the main part of the present invention will be described in a simplified or omitted manner. Also, in the drawings, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals. Note that the shapes, dimensions, etc. of each element shown in the drawings are schematically shown and do not indicate actual shapes, dimensions, etc.

[0016] [[ID=??]] In the drawings, a direction parallel to the extension direction of the rotation axis Ax of the hoist is referred to as the axial direction. Also, in the following description, the circumferential direction centered on the rotation axis Ax is simply referred to as the circumferential direction, and the radial direction centered on the rotation axis Ax is simply referred to as the radial direction.

[0017] FIG. 1(a) is a front view of the hoist 1 according to the first aspect of the present embodiment, and FIG. 1(b) is a side view of FIG. 1(a). FIG. 2(a) is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1(b), and FIG. 2(b) is an enlarged view of FIG. 2(a). FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an elevator.

[0018] The hoist 1 of the present embodiment is applied to, for example, a hoist for an elevator. In the first aspect shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hoist 1 is installed on the floor of the machine room 102 or the like on the lower side in the direction of gravity.

[0019] As shown in FIG. 3 as an example, in an elevator, a machine room 102 in which the hoist 1 is arranged is provided above the hoistway 101, and a rope 103 is hung on the driving sheave 2 of the hoist 1. A car 104 for carrying people or goods is connected to one end of the rope 103, and a weight 105 (counterweight) is connected to the other end of the rope 103. By driving the driving sheave 2 of the hoist 1 to wind up or unwind the rope 103, the car 104 in the elevator moves up and down.

[0020] The hoist 1 has a cylindrical driving sheave 2, a shaft 3, a braking part 4, and a main body part 5. It should be noted that there seems to be an error in the original text where the line break tag is not properly numbered in the translation. It should be in the original for a correct translation mapping. This has been adjusted as much as possible in the translation above.The drive sheave 2 has a rope winding surface 2a on its outer circumference and is responsible for winding or unwinding the rope 103 that connects the elevator car 104 and the weight 105. The shaft 3 passes through the drive sheave 2 in the axial direction and is mounted concentrically to the drive sheave 2. The shaft 3 also protrudes axially from the drive sheave 2 to one side (the left side in Figure 1(a)), and the drive sheave 2 and the shaft 3 are cantilevered and supported by the main body 5.

[0021] The braking unit 4 is attached to the other axial side of the main body 5 (the right side in Figure 1(a)) and is a brake device that stops the rotation of the drive sheave 2. The braking unit 4 comprises a pair of brake pads that clamp a brake disc 2b provided on one axial side of the drive sheave 2, and an electromagnetic clamper that drives the brake pads in the axial direction. The braking unit 4 stops the rotation of the drive sheave 2 connected to the brake disc 2b by clamping the brake disc 2b with the brake pads. Although not particularly limited, in the first embodiment, the braking unit 4 is positioned above the brake disc 2b in the figure and on the opposite side of the leg portion 6 described later, separated by the shaft 3.

[0022] The main body 5 is positioned on one axial side of the drive sheave 2 and shaft 3, and is responsible for driving the drive sheave 2.

[0023] The main body 5 comprises a cylindrical housing 5a and a bracket 5b attached to one axial side of the housing 5a. The housing 5a and the bracket 5b are each formed by casting. The housing 5a of the main body 5 also has legs 6, and the main body 5 is fixed to the floor of the elevator machine room 102 via the legs 6. In the first embodiment, the legs 6 are located on the underside of the housing 5a.

[0024] Bracket 5b is a cover that closes the opening of housing 5a. A second bearing 11 is attached to bracket 5b, which rotatably supports one axial end of shaft 3.

[0025] The housing 5a has a first housing section 5a1 and a second housing section 5a2 inside. The first housing section 5a1 and the second housing section 5a2 are cylindrical spaces formed concentrically along the rotation axis Ax of the hoisting machine 1, and are in communication with each other in the axial direction. The radial dimension of the second housing section 5a2 is smaller in diameter than that of the first housing section 5a1.

[0026] The first housing section 5a1 is located on one axial side of the housing 5a and houses the shaft 3, rotor 7, and stator 8 inside.

[0027] The rotor 7 is fitted onto the shaft 3 and has a cylindrical magnetic pole portion on its outer circumference that is concentric with the shaft 3. The stator 8 is cylindrically arranged on the outer circumference of the rotor 7 and has a coil (not shown) wound around it. The inner circumference of the stator 8 faces the magnetic pole portion of the rotor 7 across an air gap. By controlling the current of the coil described above, the magnetic field of the stator 8 is sequentially switched, generating an attractive or repulsive force on the stator 8 relative to the magnetic field of the rotor 7. This causes the drive sheave 2 to rotate via the shaft 3 to which the rotor 7 is attached.

[0028] The second housing section 5a2 is an example of a bearing housing section, and is located on the other axial side of the housing 5a, with one axial side communicating with the first housing section 5a1. An opening is formed in the housing 5a on the other axial side of the second housing section 5a2, and the shaft 3 is inserted through this opening.

[0029] The second housing section 5a2 houses the shaft 3 and the first bearing 10. The first bearing 10 rotatably supports the shaft 3 on the other axial side of the rotor 7. An oil seal (not shown) is positioned on the other axial side of the first bearing 10 to suppress leakage of lubricants such as lubricating oil or grease stored in the first bearing 10. A bearing retaining member 12 is also positioned on one axial side of the second housing section 5a2.

[0030] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the bearing retaining member 12. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 4 along line BB. The bearing retaining member 12 is attached to the other axial side surface of the first housing portion 5a1 and is a member that holds the first bearing 10 from one axial side. The bearing retaining member 12 has a fixing plate 12a and a pressing portion 12b. The bearing retaining member 12 is formed by casting.

[0031] The fixing plate 12a is a part that is attached to the other axial side of the first housing section 5a1. The fixing plate 12a is formed in a plate shape whose overall shape is larger than the opening area of ​​the second housing section 5a2, and covers the opening of the second housing section 5a2 when attached to the first housing section 5a1. An opening 12a1 through which the shaft 3 can be inserted is formed in the center of the fixing plate 12a. In addition, a plurality of projections 12a2 with holes for inserting bolts are formed on the outer circumference of the fixing plate 12a at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.

[0032] The pressing portion 12b is the part that contacts the end of the first bearing 10 within the second housing portion 5a2. The pressing portion is formed in an annular shape that can contact the outer ring (not shown) of the first bearing 10, and a shaft 3 can be inserted through its inner side. The pressing portion 12b is connected to the fixing plate 12a by a plurality of columnar portions 12c that extend in the axial direction.

[0033] In the bearing retaining member 12, the multiple columnar portions 12c are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, each columnar portion 12c is positioned radially inward from the outer circumference of the pressing portion 12b. As a result, radially communicating openings 12d are formed between each columnar portion 12c. Note that there are four columnar portions 12c and four openings 12d in the bearing retaining member 12, and they are arranged rotationally symmetrically with respect to the axis of the bearing retaining member 12. Providing multiple openings 12d in the circumferential direction of the bearing retaining member 12 makes it easier to accommodate different installation configurations, as described later.

[0034] Note that the circumferential position of the columnar portion 12c is different from the circumferential position of the projection 12a2 of the fixing plate 12a, and the circumferential position of the projection 12a2 corresponds to the opening 12d. By making the circumferential position of the projection 12a2 correspond to the opening 12d, it becomes easier to align the opening 12d when attaching the bearing holding member 12 to the housing 5a.

[0035] In this configuration, when the bearing retaining member 12 is positioned in the second housing portion 5a2, an annular gap 13 is secured between the columnar portion 12c and the inner circumferential surface of the second housing portion 5a2 (see Figure 5). This gap 13 communicates radially with the inner diameter space (the inner ring side of the first bearing 10) radially inward from the columnar portions 12c through the opening 12d formed between each of the columnar portions 12c. The pressing portion 12b and the columnar portions 12c are examples of spacers.

[0036] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1(b), a through hole 14 is formed in the housing 5a, connecting the second housing section 5a2 to the outside of the housing 5a. The through hole 14 is formed by cutting the housing 5a with a drill or the like, and is used to discharge lubricating oil discharged from the first bearing 10 to the outside of the housing 5a. In the hoisting machine 1 of the first embodiment, the through hole 14 is formed in the housing 5a so as to extend substantially horizontally at the lower end of the second housing section 5a2. A drain pipe 15 is attached to the outside of the housing 5a at the location of the through hole 14 to guide the lubricating oil to a desired location.

[0037] In the first embodiment, during the maintenance of the hoisting machine 1, when replacing the lubricant in the first bearing 10, the lubricant that was in the first bearing 10 flows out from one axial side of the first bearing 10 into the second housing 5a2 by pressurizing the supply hole 5a3 provided in the housing 5a. As shown by the arrows in Figure 2(b), the lubricant that has flowed out from the first bearing 10 into the second housing 5a2 is guided through the opening 12d of the bearing retaining member 12 into the gap 13 between the bearing retaining member 12 and the second housing 5a2, and then flows horizontally out of the through hole 14 of the housing 5a and is discharged.

[0038] Figure 6 is a side view of the hoisting machine 1A according to the second embodiment of this model. Figure 7(a) is a cross-sectional view of Figure 6 along line CC, and Figure 7(b) is an enlarged view of Figure 7(a). In the description of the hoisting machine 1A in the second embodiment, elements common to the hoisting machine 1 in the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant explanations are omitted as appropriate.

[0039] In the hoisting machine 1A of the second embodiment, the legs 6 of the housing 5a are located on the upper side of the housing 5a, and the main body 5 is mounted on a beam or the like located in the machine room 102 on the upper side in the direction of gravity. In the hoisting machine 1A of the second embodiment, the braking unit 4 is located on the lower side in the figure relative to the brake disc 2b and is located on the opposite side of the legs 6 across the shaft 3.

[0040] Furthermore, the through-hole 14A in the second embodiment is formed by cutting the housing 5a with a drill or the like, and extends downward in the direction of gravity at the lower end of the second housing portion 5a2.

[0041] In the maintenance of the hoisting machine 1A in the second embodiment described above, when replacing the lubricating oil of the first bearing 10, new lubricant is injected under pressure through a supply hole 5a3 provided in the housing 5a by machining, causing the lubricant that was in the first bearing 10 to flow out from one axial side of the first bearing 10 into the second housing 5a2. As shown by the arrow in Figure 7(b), the lubricant that has flowed out from the first bearing 10 into the second housing 5a2 is guided through the opening 12d of the bearing retaining member 12 into the gap 13 between the bearing retaining member 12 and the second housing 5a2, and then flows downward in the direction of gravity through the through hole 14A of the housing 5a and is discharged to the outside.

[0042] When comparing the hoisting machine 1 of the first embodiment and the hoisting machine 1A of the second embodiment with their legs 6 aligned in the same direction, they share the same configuration except for the positions of the through holes 14, 14A and the supply hole 5a3. Therefore, since the hoisting machines 1 and 1A of this embodiment have the same configuration before the through holes are formed by machining, the same mold can be used to manufacture the main body 5, and multiple installation configurations can be accommodated simply by changing the position of the through holes. As a result, the hoisting machines 1 and 1A of this embodiment can accommodate multiple installation configurations without complicating the assembly process. Furthermore, because the hoisting machine can accommodate multiple installation configurations according to this embodiment, the design flexibility of the elevator can be improved.

[0043] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various improvements and design modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0044] For example, the applications of the hoisting machine of the present invention are not limited to elevator hoisting machines as in the above embodiment, but can be applied to any hoisting machine that winds up a rope.

[0045] In the above embodiment, an example was described in which a plurality of openings 12d are formed in the circumferential direction of the bearing retaining member 12. However, it is also possible to form only one opening 12d in the bearing retaining member 12 and attach the bearing retaining member 12 to the housing 5a such that the opening 12d faces downward in the direction of gravity.

[0046] Furthermore, the embodiments disclosed herein should be considered in all respects to be illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims are intended to be included. [Explanation of symbols]

[0047] 1,1A…Hoisting machine, 2…Drive sheave, 2a…Rope winding surface, 2b…Brake disc, 3…Shaft, 4…Braking part, 5…Main body, 5a…Housing, 5a1…First housing section, 5a2…Second housing section, 5a3…Supply hole, 5b…Bracket, 6…Legs, 7…Rotor, 8…Stator, 10…First bearing, 11…Second bearing, 12…Bearing retaining member, 12a…Fixing plate, 12a1…Opening, 12a2…Protrusion, 12b…Pressing part, 12c…Columnar part, 12d…Opening, 13…Gap, 14,14A…Through hole, 15…Drain pipe, 101…Hoistway, 102…Machine room, 103…Rope, 104…Car, 105…Weight

Claims

1. A drive sheave that winds up and unwinds the rope, A shaft arranged along the rotation axis of the drive sheave and which rotates the drive sheave, A bearing that rotatably supports the aforementioned shaft, A housing having a cylindrical bearing housing portion that accommodates the shaft and the bearing, The system comprises a bearing retaining member that holds the bearing within the bearing housing, The bearing retaining member has a spacer that abuts the bearing from the axial direction and forms an annular gap between itself and the outer circumference of the bearing housing portion with respect to the axial direction, and an opening that connects the inner diameter space of the bearing housing portion and the gap in the radial direction. The housing has a through hole that connects the bearing housing to the outside of the housing. Hoisting machine.

2. The housing has legs for mounting the hoisting machine, The position of the through-hole in the housing is determined according to the position of the leg portion relative to the direction of gravity in the installed state. The hoisting machine according to claim 1.

3. The bearing is capable of receiving lubricant from the outside of the housing. The through-hole guides the lubricant that is discharged through the opening and the gap. The hoisting machine according to claim 1.

4. The bearing retaining member has a plurality of openings in the circumferential direction. The hoisting machine according to claim 1.

5. The aforementioned housing is A rotor attached to the aforementioned shaft, A stator that forms a magnetic field for rotating the rotor, and a further housing The hoisting machine according to claim 1.

6. The bearing is positioned between the drive sheave and the rotor. The bearing retaining member is positioned to face the bearing and the rotor. The hoisting machine according to claim 5.

7. The housing is formed by casting, The aforementioned through hole is formed by cutting. The hoisting machine according to claim 1.

8. A hoisting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, The vehicle comprises a cart that moves by winding up or unwinding the rope of the hoisting machine. Elevator.

9. A drive sheave that winds up and unwinds the rope, A shaft arranged along the rotation axis of the drive sheave and which rotates the drive sheave, A bearing that rotatably supports the aforementioned shaft, A housing having a cylindrical bearing housing portion that accommodates the shaft and the bearing, The system comprises a bearing retaining member that holds the bearing within the bearing housing, The bearing retaining member has a spacer that abuts the bearing from the axial direction and forms an annular gap between itself and the outer circumference of the bearing housing portion with respect to the axial direction, and an opening that connects the inner diameter space of the bearing housing portion and the gap in the radial direction. The housing has a through hole that connects the bearing housing to the outside of the housing, in a method for manufacturing a hoisting machine, The process of forming the housing by casting, The process includes forming the through hole by cutting. A method for manufacturing a hoisting machine.

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