Feed roller and crusher

Abstract

To provide a feed-in roller capable of feeding objects to be crushed toward a cutter and scratching the objects to be crushed.SOLUTION: A feed-in roller 3 is a roller to transport toward a cutter 4 objects to be crushed, which is cut with the cutter 4. The feed-in roller 3 is provided with a first roller 31 and a second roller 32 placed apart from and opposite to the first roller 31. The second roller 32 has a first feed roller 324. The first feed roller 324 has a plurality of first projections 33 arranged in a circumferential direction of projected to an outside in a radial direction from a circumference. The first projection 33 has a corner part 334 with an angle equal to or less than 90° at a downstream side in a rotational direction of the second roller 32.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a feed roller and a crusher.

Background Art

[0002] A crusher that reduces the volume and weight of branches and leaves and pruning branches generated in agriculture, home gardens, etc. generally has a structure in which the object to be crushed is put into the gap between the upper and lower rollers that rotate and fed in, and cut by a rotary blade (cutter) (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In order to realize a resource circulation cycle, efforts have been made to make the residues generated in agriculture, home gardens, etc. into compost and return them to agricultural land. For example, when the residues cut by a crusher are made into compost by a food waste processor, the cut length of the crusher may be about 20 to 50 mm, and there is a problem that it takes a long time for drying and fermentation. Therefore, a short-term measure that allows drying and fermentation to proceed faster is required.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a feed roller that conveys the object to be crushed toward the cutter and can damage the object to be crushed. Another object is to provide a crusher provided with such a feed roller.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The feed roller and the crusher that solve the above problems have the following features.

[0007] In other words, the feed roller is a feed roller that conveys the material to be cut by the cutter toward the cutter, and comprises a first roller and a second roller positioned opposite to the first roller with a distance between them, the second roller having a projection that is circumferentially arranged and protruding radially outward from its outer circumference, the projection having a 90 at the downstream end in the rotational direction of the second roller Having angles of less than ° The corners are intermittently arranged in the direction of the rotation axis of the second roller, and the second roller has a feed roller having the protrusion and a spacer, and the feed roller and the spacer are stacked alternately in the direction of the rotation axis of the second roller, and the feed roller has a first feed roller having a first protrusion as the protrusion and a second feed roller having a second protrusion as the protrusion which has a smaller protrusion than the first protrusion, and the second feed roller, the first feed roller, the second feed roller, and the spacer are stacked in the direction of the rotation axis of the second roller ru.

[0008] This allows the feed roller to transport the material to be crushed towards the cutter, while also scratching the surface of the material with its corners. Furthermore, scratches can be made at various locations on the material being crushed. In addition, by using spacers, the corners of the feed rollers can be intermittently positioned in the direction of the rotation axis of the second roller. Moreover, since the corners of the first protrusions, the corners of the second protrusions, and the corners of the first and second protrusions are intermittently positioned in the direction of the rotation axis of the second roller, scratches can be made at various locations on the material being crushed.

[0009] Furthermore, the crusher, A feed roller for conveying material to be cut by a cutter toward the cutter, comprising a first roller and a second roller positioned opposite the first roller with a distance between them, wherein the second roller has a plurality of protrusions arranged along the circumferential direction and projecting radially outward from the outer circumference, and the protrusions have corners of 90° or less at the downstream end in the rotational direction of the second roller. The device comprises a feed roller, a cutter for cutting the material to be crushed, and a claw positioned between the feed roller and the cutter in the direction of conveying the material to be crushed, with its tip located between the first roller and the second roller, wherein the tip of the claw is located closer to the cutter than its base end and is positioned at an inclined position with respect to the conveying direction.

[0010] This allows the crushing machine to transport the material to be crushed towards the cutter using the feed roller, while simultaneously scratching the surface of the material with its corners. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present invention, the material to be crushed can be conveyed towards the cutter by the feed roller, and at the same time, scratches can be made on the material to be crushed. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0012] [Figure 1] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pulverizer according to one embodiment. [Figure 2] This is a perspective view of the feed roller, guide member, and rake member. [Figure 3] This is a partial rear view of the feed roller, guide member, and rake member. [Figure 4]This is a partially exploded perspective view of the second roller. [Figure 5] This is a cross-sectional view AA in Figure 3. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0013] Next, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings. In the following description, the right and left sides in Figure 1 are defined as the front and rear sides of the pulverizer 1, respectively, and the front and back sides of the paper in Figure 1 are defined as the left and right sides of the pulverizer 1, respectively. Also, the top and bottom sides in Figure 1 are defined as the top and bottom sides of the pulverizer 1, respectively.

[0014] [Crusher] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pulverizer 1 according to one embodiment. The pulverizer 1 is a device that reduces the volume and weight of materials M such as branches, leaves, and pruned branches generated in agriculture or home gardens by pulverizing (cutting) them. The materials M cut to about 20-50 mm by the pulverizer 1 can be used, for example, to make compost in a food waste processor.

[0015] The crusher 1 comprises a housing 2, a feed roller 3, a cutter 4, a guide member 5, and a rake member 6. The housing 2 is a box that houses the feed roller 3, the cutter 4, the guide member 5, and the rake member 6. The housing 2 has a supply port 21, a discharge port 22, a supply tray 23, and a discharge tray 24.

[0016] The supply port 21 is located on the front of the housing 2 and is an opening for supplying the material to be crushed M into the crusher 1. The discharge port 22 is located on the rear of the housing 2 and is an opening for discharging the cut material to be crushed M to the outside of the crusher 1. The supply tray 23 is located at the supply port 21 and is a tray that supports the material to be crushed M and supplies the material to be crushed M to the feed roller 3. The discharge tray 24 is located at the discharge port 22 and is a tray that supports the cut material to be crushed M discharged from the discharge port 22.

[0017] The feed roller 3 conveys the material M to be crushed, which is cut by the cutter 4, toward the cutter 4. In the present embodiment, the feed roller 3 is a pair of rollers that conveys the material M to be crushed from the supply tray 23 toward the cutter 4 and can damage the material M to be crushed. The feed roller 3 is driven by a motor (not shown). Details of the feed roller 3 will be described later.

[0018] The cutter 4 cuts the material M to be crushed. The cutter 4 has a plurality of blades 41 arranged along the circumferential direction, two disks 42 that support the left and right ends of the blades 41, and a shaft portion 43 provided at the center of the disk 42 and rotatably supported by the housing 2. In the present embodiment, two blades 41 are provided at positions facing each other in the radial direction. The cutter 4 is driven by a motor (not shown). The cutter 4 cuts the portion of the material M to be crushed that protrudes from the guide member 5 while the material M is supported by the guide member 5 with a rotating blade 41.

[0019] The guide member 5 is a member that guides the material M to be crushed from the feed roller 3 to the cutter 4. The guide member 5 is arranged between the feed roller 3 and the cutter 4 in the conveying direction of the material M (the rear direction in the present embodiment) and is a plate-like member with an L-shaped cross-section supported by the housing 2. The guide member 5 has a first plate portion 51 that extends substantially horizontally from the feed roller 3 toward the cutter 4 and a second plate portion 52 that extends downward from the rear end of the first plate portion 51.

[0020] The rake member 6 is a member that damages the material M to be crushed in the front-rear direction. The rake member 6 is arranged between the feed roller 3 and the cutter 4 in the conveying direction of the material M (the rear direction in the present embodiment) and above the guide member 5. In the present embodiment, the rake member 6 is bolted together with the guide member 5 to the housing 2 at both the left and right ends. Details of the rake member 6 will be described later.

[0021] In this type of crusher 1, the motor drives the feed roller 3 and the cutter 4 to rotate at a predetermined speed in the direction of the arrows shown in Figure 1. When the material to be crushed M is fed into the supply tray 23 in this state, the material to be crushed M slides on the supply tray 23 and is supplied to the feed roller 3. The material to be crushed M is transported backward by the feed roller 3 and cut by the cutter 4 as it passes between the guide member 5 and the rake member 6. The cut material to be crushed M is transported backward as it falls and is loaded onto the discharge tray 24 through the discharge port 22.

[0022] [Feed roller] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the feed roller 3, guide member 5, and rake member 6; Figure 3 is a partial rear view of the feed roller 3, guide member 5, and rake member 6; Figure 4 is a partially exploded perspective view of the second roller 32; and Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of AA in Figure 3.

[0023] The feed roller 3 includes a first roller 31 and a second roller 32 positioned opposite the first roller 31 with a gap between them. In this embodiment, the first roller 31 is positioned on the upper side and the second roller 32 is positioned on the lower side, but the arrangement may be reversed.

[0024] As shown in Figures 2, 3, and 5, the first roller 31 is a substantially cylindrical member extending in the left-right direction. The first roller 31 has a shaft portion 311 that is rotatably supported by the housing 2, and eight protruding portions 312 that project radially outward from the outer circumference and extend in the left-right direction. As shown in Figure 5, the protruding portions 312 have, in order from the upstream side in the direction of rotation, an upstream side 313, a top surface 314, and a downstream side 315.

[0025] The upstream side surface 313 is an inclined surface that slopes radially outward from the upstream side in the direction of rotation toward the downstream side in the direction of rotation. The top surface 314 is an arcuate surface that extends circumferentially from the downstream end of the upstream side surface 313 toward the downstream side in the direction of rotation. The downstream side surface 315 is a surface that extends radially inward from the downstream end of the top surface 314 toward the downstream side and smoothly connects to the upstream end of the upstream side surface 313 of the adjacent protruding portion 312. There are no particular limitations on the shape of the first roller 31, and it can be shaped to match the shape and size of the material to be crushed M. Furthermore, the first roller 31 may have the same configuration as the second roller 32 described later.

[0026] As shown in Figures 2 to 5, the second roller 32 is a substantially cylindrical member extending in the left-right direction, and has two discs 321, four support columns 322, eight bolts 323, a feed roller 326 composed of multiple first feed rollers 324 and multiple second feed rollers 325, and multiple spacers 327. The distance between the second roller 32 and the first roller 31 can be several millimeters, and in this embodiment it is 4 mm.

[0027] The disc 321 is a component positioned at both the left and right ends of the second roller 32, and has a shaft portion 328 at its center that is rotatably supported by the housing 2. The support column 322 is a cylindrical component extending in the left-right direction, and is fitted into the grooves of the first feed roller 324, the second feed roller 325, and the spacer 327, respectively, to position and support the first feed roller 324, the second feed roller 325, and the spacer 327. The bolts 323 are bolts that fix the disc 321 to both the left and right ends of the support column 322.

[0028] The first feed roller 324 is a substantially annular disc member. The first feed roller 324 has a plurality of first projections 33 arranged along the circumferential direction and projecting radially outward from the outer circumference. In this embodiment, eight first projections 33 are arranged along the circumferential direction. As shown in Figure 5, the first projections 33 are formed to extend along the circumferential direction and have, in order from the upstream side in the rotational direction, an upstream side surface 331, a top surface 332, and a downstream side surface 333.

[0029] The upstream side surface 331 is an inclined surface that slopes radially outward from the upstream side in the direction of rotation toward the downstream side in the direction of rotation. The top surface 332 is an arcuate surface that extends circumferentially from the downstream end of the upstream side surface 331 toward the downstream side in the direction of rotation. In this embodiment, the circumferential length of the top surface 332 is longer than the circumferential length of the top surface 314 of the first roller 31. The downstream side surface 333 extends radially inward from the downstream end of the top surface 332 toward the direction of rotation and is a surface that smoothly connects to the upstream end of the upstream side surface 331 of the adjacent first projection 33.

[0030] Here, the joint between the top surface 332 and the downstream side surface 333 constitutes a corner portion 334. The corner portion 334 only needs to have an angle of 90° or less, and in this embodiment it is 90°. Therefore, the corner portion 334 is located at the downstream end of the second roller 32 in the rotational direction of the first projection 33. The rotational positions of the first roller 31 and the first feed roller 324 are set so that when the second roller 32 rotates and the corner portion 334 is in the position closest to the first roller 31, the corner portion 334 and the top surface 312 of the first roller 31 face each other. This makes it possible to scratch the surface of the material to be crushed M, which is sandwiched between the corner portion 334 and the top surface 312, in the left-right direction with the corner portion 334.

[0031] As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the second feed roller 325 is a substantially annular disc member. The second feed roller 325 has a plurality of second protrusions 34 arranged along the circumferential direction and projecting radially outward from the outer circumference. In this embodiment, eight second protrusions 34 are arranged along the circumferential direction. The second protrusions 34 are protrusions that project radially outward less than the first protrusions 33. The second protrusions 34 are formed to extend along the circumferential direction and have, in order from the upstream side in the rotational direction, an upstream side surface 341, a top surface 342, and a downstream side surface 343.

[0032] The upstream side surface 341 is an inclined surface that slopes radially outward from the upstream side in the rotational direction toward the downstream side in the rotational direction. The top surface 342 is an arcuate surface that extends circumferentially from the downstream end in the rotational direction of the upstream side surface 341 toward the downstream side in the rotational direction. In this embodiment, the circumferential length of the top surface 342 is longer than the circumferential length of the top surface 314 of the first roller 31. The downstream side surface 343 extends radially inward from the downstream end in the rotational direction of the top surface 342 and is a surface that smoothly connects to the upstream end in the rotational direction of the upstream side surface 331 of the adjacent first projection 33.

[0033] Here, the joint between the top surface 342 and the downstream side surface 343 constitutes a corner portion 344. The corner portion 344 only needs to have an angle of 90° or less, and in this embodiment it is 90°. Therefore, the corner portion 344 is located at the downstream end of the second roller 32 in the rotational direction of the second projection 34. The rotational positions of the first roller 31 and the second feed roller 325 are set so that when the second roller 32 rotates and the corner portion 344 is in the position closest to the first roller 31, the corner portion 334 and the upstream side surface 313 of the first roller 31 face each other. This makes it possible to scratch the surface of the material to be crushed M, which is sandwiched between the corner portion 344 and the upstream side surface 313, in the left-right direction with the corner portion 344.

[0034] The spacer 327 is an annular disc member without protrusions. The outer diameter of the spacer 327 is smaller than the outer diameters of the first feed roller 324 and the second feed roller 325. By using the spacer 327, in the stacked configuration described later, the corners 344 of the second protrusion 34 can be intermittently arranged in the direction of the rotation axis of the second roller 32.

[0035] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the second roller 32 is constructed by stacking the second feed roller 325, the first feed roller 324, the second feed roller 325, and the spacer 327 in the direction of its rotation axis. The positions of the multiple first protrusions 33 arranged along the circumferential direction on the first feed roller 324 are aligned along the rotation axis, and the positions of the multiple second protrusions 34 arranged along the circumferential direction on the second feed roller 325 are aligned along the rotation axis. However, the positions of the first protrusions 33 formed on the first feed roller 324 and the positions of the second protrusions 34 formed on the second feed roller 325 are offset along the rotation axis.

[0036] Therefore, the corners 334 of the first protrusions 33, which are stacked in the direction of the rotation axis of the second roller 32, are intermittently arranged in the direction of the rotation axis of the second roller 32. Similarly, the corners 344 of the second protrusions 34, which are stacked in the direction of the rotation axis of the second roller 32, are intermittently arranged in the direction of the rotation axis of the second roller 32. Furthermore, the corners 334 of the first protrusions 33 and the corners 344 of the second protrusions 34 are also intermittently arranged in the direction of the rotation axis of the second roller 32. As a result, scratches can be made at various locations on the material to be crushed M.

[0037] With these first rollers 31 and second rollers 32, the material to be crushed M supplied to the feed roller 3 is conveyed backward by the rotation of the first rollers 31 and second rollers 32, and scratches are made in the left-right direction by the first projections 33 and second projections 34.

[0038] Note that the stacking order of the first feed roller 324, the second feed roller 325, and the spacer 327 in the second roller 32 may be in any order other than that described above.

[0039] The configuration of the second roller 32 described above is one embodiment and is not limited to the above configuration. That is, the second roller may be arranged circumferentially and have a projection that protrudes radially outward from the outer circumference, and the projection may have an angle of 90° or less at the downstream end in the rotational direction of the second roller. In addition, feed rollers and spacers may be stacked alternately in the rotational axis direction of the second roller. Furthermore, the top surface 332 of the first feed roller 324 and the top surface 342 of the second feed roller 325 may be saw-toothed.

[0040] [Rake components] As shown in Figures 2, 3, and 5, the rake member 6 has a guide plate 61 and a plurality of claws 62. The guide plate 61 is a substantially rectangular flat plate member, with both left and right ends located at the same positions as the left and right ends of the first roller 31 and the second roller 32, the front end close to the first roller 31, and the rear end near the cutter 4 and below the front end. In other words, the guide plate 61 is inclined by a predetermined angle so as to slope downward toward the rear. In this embodiment, the predetermined angle is 20°. Because the guide plate 61 slopes downward toward the rear, the material to be crushed M conveyed from the feed roller 3 is guided along the guide plate 61 to the claws 62.

[0041] The claws 62 are roughly triangular in shape, extending downward and rearward from the rear end of the guide plate 61. The position of the tip of the claw 62 in the front-rear direction is the same as the position of the rear end of the guide member 5, and is located near the cutter 4. Multiple claws 62 are provided along the rear end of the guide plate 61 to both the left and right ends. In this embodiment, the claws 62 are inclined 20° downward with respect to the guide plate 61.

[0042] The tip of the claw 62 is located between the first roller 31 and the second roller 32 in the vertical direction. In this embodiment, the tip of the claw 62 is located 2 mm above the upper end of the second roller 32. In other words, the tip of the claw 62 is located midway between the first roller 31 and the second roller 32.

[0043] To summarize the above configuration, the claws 62 are positioned between the feed roller 3 and the cutter 4 in the conveying direction of the material to be crushed M, with their front end (rear end) located between the first roller 31 and the second roller 32. In addition, the claws 62 are positioned with their front end (rear end) closer to the cutter 4 than their base end (front end), and are arranged in an inclined position with respect to the conveying direction.

[0044] With this rake member 6, the material to be crushed M supplied to the feed roller 3 is conveyed backward by the rotation of the first roller 31 and the second roller 32, and is scratched in the front-to-back direction by the claws.

[0045] Therefore, in the crusher 1, the material to be crushed M is conveyed backward by the feed roller 3, and scratches are made on its surface in the left-right direction by the corners 334 and 344. Next, the material to be crushed M passes between the guide member 5 and the rake member 6, and scratches are made on its surface in the front-back direction by the claws 62. After that, the material to be crushed M is cut by the cutter 4. As a result, the cut material to be crushed M has scratches on its surface in the vertical and horizontal directions. Therefore, when the material to be crushed M cut by the crusher 1 is made into compost in a food waste processor, the surface area is increased due to the scratches on the surface in the vertical and horizontal directions, so the time required for drying and fermentation can be shortened. [Explanation of symbols]

[0046] 1. Crusher 3 Feed roller 4 cutters 31 First Laura 32. Second Laura 33 1st protrusion 34 2nd protrusion 62 claws 324 First feed roller 325 Second feed roller 326 Feed roller 327 Spacer 334, 344 corners M Material to be crushed

Claims

1. A feed roller that conveys the material to be cut by the cutter toward the cutter, It comprises a first roller and a second roller that is positioned opposite to the first roller with a gap between them, The second roller has a plurality of protrusions arranged along the circumferential direction and projecting radially outward from the outer circumference, The projection has a corner of 90° or less at the downstream end in the rotational direction of the second roller. The aforementioned corners are intermittently arranged in the direction of the rotation axis of the second roller. The second roller comprises a feed roller having the projection and a spacer. The feed rollers and the spacers are stacked alternately in the direction of the rotation axis of the second roller. The feed roller comprises a first feed roller having a first projection as the projection, and a second feed roller having a second projection as the projection with a smaller projection than the first projection. In the rotation axis direction of the second roller, the second feed roller, the first feed roller, the second feed roller, and the spacer are stacked in that order. A feed roller characterized by the following features.

2. A feed roller for conveying a material to be cut by a cutter toward the cutter, comprising a first roller and a second roller positioned opposite to the first roller with a distance between them, wherein the second roller has a plurality of protrusions arranged along the circumferential direction and projecting radially outward from the outer circumference, and the protrusions have corners of 90° or less at the downstream end in the rotational direction of the second roller, A cutter for cutting the material to be crushed, In the conveying direction of the material to be crushed, the system includes a claw positioned between the feed roller and the cutter, with its tip located between the first roller and the second roller. The claws are positioned such that their tips are located closer to the cutter than their bases, and they are inclined with respect to the conveying direction. A crushing machine characterized by the following features.

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