Carbonization apparatus

Abstract

We provide a carbonization device that can control odors without using metal mesh materials and also reduces the cost of flame control measures. [Solution] The system comprises a lower combustion chamber 4 and an upper combustion chamber 5. The lower combustion chamber 4 is a rectangular, horizontally elongated cylindrical space 44 formed by opposing front and back plates, with both sides sealed by a front side plate 40 and a rear side plate 45. One or more air intake ports 46 are provided in the middle of the front plate and / or back plate in the vertical direction. The system is configured to allow the supply of carbide raw material 1 from a screw conveyor 3 attached to an opening 41 at the bottom of the front side plate 40. The inlet side combustion section 48 on the opening 41 side of the cylindrical space 44 of the lower combustion chamber 4 has a primary combustion section 48A for direct combustion at the bottom and a secondary combustion section 48B at the top. In the primary combustion section 48A, the carbide raw material 1 is burned to generate primary combustion gas, and air supplied from the air intake ports 46 is added to and mixed with the primary combustion gas to generate secondary combustion gas at a higher temperature than the primary combustion gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0006]

[0001] The present invention relates to a carbonization device, and more particularly to an environmentally friendly carbonization device that raises the combustion temperature in the lower combustion chamber to decompose odor components while lowering the combustion temperature in the upper combustion chamber.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for carbonizing rice husks using a metal wire mesh, heating the temperature of the metal wire mesh to 800 ° C, and burning odoriferous substances by high heat to make them odorless. Since the metal wire mesh is a consumable, the cost of odor countermeasures increases. There is a problem.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Therefore, The object of this invention is to provide a carbonization apparatus that can control odors without using metal mesh materials.

[0005] Other problems of the present invention will become clear from the following description.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The above problems are solved by the following inventions.​​​​​​​One or more air intake ports (46) are provided in the middle section in the vertical direction of the front panel (42) and / or back panel (43). An opening (41) for mounting a screw conveyor (3) is provided at the lower part of the front side plate (40). The screw conveyor (3) installed in the opening (41) is configured to supply the carbide raw material (1) into the cylindrical space (44). An inlet-side combustion section (48) is formed on the opening (41) side of the cylindrical space (44) of the lower combustion chamber (4). The inlet side combustion section (48) has a primary combustion section (48A) for direct combustion at its lower part and a secondary combustion section (48B) at its upper part. In the primary combustion section (48A), the carbide raw material (1) is burned to generate primary combustion gas. In the aforementioned secondary combustion section (48B), A carbonization apparatus characterized by having a configuration that adds and mixes air supplied from the intake port (46) with the primary combustion gas to generate a secondary combustion gas at a temperature higher than that of the primary combustion gas. 2. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet side combustion section (48) is formed in a region from the opening (41) to a length of 0.5 L or less with respect to the horizontal length L of the cylindrical space (44) of the lower combustion chamber (4). 3. The temperature of the primary combustion gas is in the range of 500°C to 550°C. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the secondary combustion gas is in the range of 700 to 900°C. 4. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the two or more intake ports (46) arranged within the cylindrical space (44) are spaced further apart in the longitudinal direction within the horizontally elongated cylindrical space (44), increasing the density on the inlet side combustion section (48) and decreasing the density on the far side of the cylindrical space (44). 5. The upper combustion chamber (5) is a horizontally elongated cylindrical space (53) sealed by side plates (51, 52), The cylindrical space (53) is an octagonal, horizontally elongated cylindrical space, or a cylindrical or elliptical, horizontally elongated cylindrical space. The upper combustion chamber (5) has one or more air vents (50) in the middle of the horizontally elongated cylindrical space (53), The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an exhaust gas generation unit (54) that introduces the high-temperature secondary combustion gas generated in the lower combustion chamber (4) into the upper combustion chamber (5), mixes it with air introduced from the air conditioning port (50), and generates exhaust gas by lowering the temperature of the high-temperature secondary combustion gas. 6. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the exhaust gas generation unit generates exhaust gas by lowering the temperature of the secondary combustion gas, which is in the range of 700°C to 900°C, to a temperature in the range of 600°C to less than 700°C. 7. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the carbonized raw material is at least one selected from agricultural waste, plant waste, or animal-derived waste. 8. One or more exhaust ports (58) are formed in the upper ceiling (55) of the upper combustion chamber (5). The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that an exhaust duct (56) extending horizontally is provided at the upper part of the upper ceiling (55) so as to cover the exhaust port (58). [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, odor control can be achieved without using metal mesh materials. charcoal We can provide chemical processing equipment. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] A side cross-sectional view of a key part showing one embodiment of the carbonization apparatus of the present invention (a portion of the lateral longitudinal direction of the cylindrical space is omitted). [Figure 2] A perspective view of the main part showing the side of the lower combustion chamber. [Figure 3] A perspective view of a key section, showing an example of the side view of the upper combustion chamber. [Figure 4] Exploded perspective view showing an example of the structure of the ceiling of the upper combustion chamber.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a side surface showing an embodiment of the carbonization device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part showing the side surface of the lower combustion chamber, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a main part showing an example of the side surface of the upper combustion chamber. In FIG. 1, 1 is a carbide raw material, and examples thereof include agricultural wastes such as rice husks and vegetables, plant wastes such as pruning branches, and animal-derived wastes such as animal manure. One or more selected from these are used.

[0010] The carbide raw material 1 is put into the hopper 2 and fed into the screw conveyor 3 from the lower opening 20 of the hopper 2. The screw conveyor 3 has a shape in which screw blades 31 are fixed to a rotating shaft 32, and the screw blades 31 are mounted in a cylindrical or rectangular metal cover 30. The rotating shaft 32 is rotatably axially fixed to the driving motor 33.

[0011] The carbide raw material 1 fed into the screw conveyor 3 is conveyed to a combustion chamber composed of a lower combustion chamber 4 and an upper combustion chamber 5. An opening 41 is formed at the lower part of the side plate 40 of the lower combustion chamber 4 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The screw conveyor 3 is mounted on this opening 41. Therefore, the carbide raw material transferred by the screw conveyor 3 is supplied to the lower combustion chamber 4 through the opening 41.

[0012] The lower combustion chamber 4 has a rectangular horizontally long cylindrical space 44 formed by the opposing front plate 42 and rear plate 43, and both sides of the cylindrical space 44 are sealed by the side plate 40 on the front side and the side plate 45 on the back side in the drawing. In FIG. 1, as shown by the omitted line, a part of the horizontally long longitudinal direction of the cylindrical space is omitted. The opposing front plate 42 and rear plate 43 of the lower combustion chamber 4 are preferably quadrilateral.

[0013] The screw conveyor 3 passes through the opening 41 in the front side (inlet side) side plate 40 and reaches the opening 47 in the back side (outlet side) side plate 45. During this time, the carbide raw material 1 is transported in the horizontal direction of the cylindrical space 44 of the lower combustion chamber 4.

[0014] Furthermore, the screw conveyor 3 protrudes to the outside through the opening 47 in the rear (outlet) side plate 45. 34 is the part of the screw conveyor 3 that protrudes to the outside and is a charcoal heat dissipation passage.

[0015] 35 is the ignition port, where the char material 1 is ignited with a small amount of kerosene before it enters the lower combustion chamber 4, and enters the lower combustion chamber 4 while ignited.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inlet side combustion section 48 is formed in a region of the cylindrical space 44 of the lower combustion chamber 4 that extends from the front opening 41 to a length of 0.5L or less relative to the horizontal length L of the space.

[0017] The cylindrical space 44 of the lower combustion chamber 4 is formed in a horizontal shape. At the inlet side, the carbide raw material, which will become the raw material for charcoal, is thermally decomposed by spontaneous combustion. As it moves horizontally (longitudinally) through the cylindrical space 44, the amount of supplied air is adjusted and the conveying speed of the screw conveyor 3 is adjusted, causing the carbide raw material to be carbonized and charcoal to be produced.

[0018] In this embodiment, the inlet-side combustion section 48 plays an important role in providing a carbonization apparatus that can take measures against odors without using metal mesh materials and can reduce the cost of flame control measures, so it is meaningful to define the area of ​​the inlet-side combustion section 48.

[0019] As shown in Figure 1, the inlet side combustion section 48 of the horizontally elongated cylindrical space 44 has a primary combustion section 48A formed at the bottom and a secondary combustion section 48B formed above it. The primary combustion gas generated in the primary combustion section 48A of the inlet-side combustion section 48 is directed towards the upper secondary combustion section 48B. The air required for primary combustion is supplied from the blower 6. For example, a blower can be used as the blower 6.

[0020] In this embodiment, it is preferable to place a perforated plate with numerous small holes smaller than rice husks below the screw blades 31 and rotating shaft 32 of the screw conveyor 3, which is located below the lower combustion chamber 4. This makes it possible to supply air from below without spilling the rice husks. A chamber is provided below the perforated plate, and the air necessary for primary combustion is supplied to the chamber from the blower 6.

[0021] The primary combustion gas is adjusted to a temperature range of 500°C to 550°C in order to suppress the generation of dioxins.

[0022] In this embodiment, a secondary combustion section 48B is formed above the inlet side combustion section 48, and secondary combustion gas is generated in the secondary combustion section 48B. The secondary combustion section 48B is formed near the upper part of the flame 49 shown in Figure 1.

[0023] In the secondary combustion section 48B, external air supplied from the intake port 46 is added and mixed to generate a secondary combustion gas at a higher temperature than the primary combustion gas. As mentioned above, the air supplied from the blower 6 induces a state of spontaneous combustion, enabling primary combustion. During primary combustion, the combustion temperature can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the air supply from the blower 6. The combustion temperature can also be adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 32 of the screw conveyor 3 and the conveying speed of the raw materials. In this invention, in order to generate a secondary combustion gas at a higher temperature than the primary combustion gas, external air is supplied from the intake port 46 in the secondary combustion section 48B. Here, "addition" and "mixing" refer to supplying external air in addition to the air supplied by the blower 6 in the primary combustion. The primary combustion gas rises due to the air from the blower, and external air can be drawn in from the intake port 46 by the venturi or ejector effect of this rising flow, so air can be added and mixed without power. If it is desired to reduce the amount of intake air, a cover member may be provided to reduce the area of ​​the intake port, or the area of ​​the intake port may be adjusted with non-combustible material or the like. The air intake ports 46 are provided in one or more locations in the middle of the vertical direction of the front plate 42 and / or back plate 43 that constitute the lower combustion chamber. Here, the middle section of the front panel 42 and / or the rear panel 43 means that it may be the middle section of the front panel 42, the middle section of the rear panel 43, or the middle sections of both the front panel 42 and the rear panel 43. Furthermore, the density of the number of intake ports 46 can be changed in the longitudinal direction within the horizontally elongated cylindrical space 44. In this embodiment, the two or more intake ports 46 are spaced far apart in the longitudinal direction within the horizontally elongated cylindrical space 44, increasing the density on the inlet side combustion section 48 and decreasing the density at the back of the cylindrical space 44. This prevents the back of the cylindrical space 44 of the lower combustion chamber 4 of the apparatus of the present invention from becoming excessively hot, and allows for adjustment of the air supply distribution. In this embodiment, the air intake ports 46 may also be provided with opening / closing covers that allow each port to be opened and closed individually. This air intake port 46 is also preferable in that it replenishes the oxygen deficiency caused by incomplete combustion during direct flame combustion.

[0024] While the temperature of the primary combustion gas is in the range of 500°C to 550°C, the temperature of the secondary combustion gas is adjusted to be in the range of 700°C to 900°C. When the temperature exceeds 900°C, needle-shaped silica crystals are formed, which can have adverse effects on the human body. Therefore, the device can be automatically shut down if the temperature exceeds 900°C. Combustion is an oxidation reaction of organic matter, and the amount of heat generated can be calculated from the energy produced in this oxidation reaction. Since the amount of heat generated changes depending on the raw organic matter and the amount of supplied air, it is possible to calculate approximately how high the temperature can be raised by setting the amount of raw organic matter supplied, its specific heat, and the amount of excess air relative to the theoretical air.

[0025] In the lower combustion chamber 4, air is introduced through the air intake 46 to compensate for the lack of oxygen during incomplete combustion in the primary combustion (direct flame combustion), thereby raising the temperature of the primary combustion gas to approximately 800°C for secondary combustion. This allows for the incineration of odor components, eliminating the need for the use of wire mesh as in conventional designs. As will be described later, by introducing air from the air conditioning vent 50 in the upper combustion chamber 5, the combustion temperature can be lowered to 600°C, thereby reducing the exhaust gas temperature and mitigating the environmental impact of the exhaust gas.

[0026] Next, we will describe an upper combustion chamber that can reduce the environmental impact of exhaust gases by lowering the exhaust gas temperature, thereby reducing the cost of flame control measures. As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the upper combustion chamber 5 is formed as a horizontally elongated cylindrical space 53 sealed by side plates 51 and 52. The side plates of the upper combustion chamber are formed in an octagonal shape by a trapezoidal upper side plate 51A, a square intermediate side plate 51B, and an inverted trapezoidal lower side plate 51C. Each side of the side panel has a continuous shape consisting of a portion with an edge that expands from the bottom, a vertical portion, and a portion with an edge that contracts towards the top.

[0027] The upper combustion chamber 5 has one or more air conditioning vents 50 in the middle of the horizontally elongated rectangular cylindrical space 53. The upper combustion chamber 5 is equipped with an exhaust gas generation unit 54 that introduces high-temperature secondary combustion gas generated in the secondary combustion section 48B of the lower combustion chamber 4, mixes it with air introduced from the air conditioning vent 50 to generate exhaust gas by lowering the temperature of the high-temperature secondary combustion gas.

[0028] As mentioned above, the temperature of the secondary combustion gas was in the range of 700 to 900°C, but because of the environmental impact of the high temperature, it cannot be discharged to the outside as is. Therefore, the temperature of the exhaust gas generated in the exhaust gas generation unit 54 is adjusted to a range of 600°C to less than 700°C. Air is introduced from the air conditioning vent 50 in the upper combustion chamber 5 to lower the exhaust gas temperature to 600°C, thereby reducing the environmental impact of the exhaust gas.

[0029] The upper combustion chamber 5 allows for the suppression of high temperatures by adjusting the amount of air, thereby preventing over-combustion and promoting the detoxification of exhaust gases by diluting them with air. Exhaust gas from the upper combustion chamber 5 is discharged from the exhaust port 62. The lower combustion chamber 4 and the upper combustion chamber 5 may be provided with, for example, two inspection ports 60 and 61 on the lower sides. The exhaust port 62 may also serve as an inspection port.

[0030] In this embodiment, it is preferable that the side plates 51 and 52 of the upper combustion chamber 5 are octagonal. In this case, they may be regular octagonal or, as shown in the figure, irregular octagonal. The octagonal shape, which widens from the bottom and narrows towards the top, causes the gas to spread radially rather than rise in a straight line, making it easier to create gas convection. By eliminating unnecessary components in the internal structure, the generation of tar-derived gases and smoke can be suppressed even without a mesh structure. The octagonal, horizontally elongated cylindrical space of the upper combustion chamber 5 may also be a cylindrical or elliptical horizontally elongated cylindrical space.

[0031] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, an exhaust duct 56 with a horizontally extending flow path 57 is provided on the upper ceiling 55 of the upper combustion chamber 5. It is preferable that multiple exhaust ports 58 are provided in the longitudinal direction. An exhaust port 58 is formed in the upper ceiling 55. The exhaust gas generated in the exhaust gas generation unit 54 passes through the exhaust port 58 and flows through the passage 57 inside the exhaust duct 56 to the outside. The presence of the exhaust port 58 helps to expel exhaust from the exhaust port 62 and suppresses the rise in the temperature of the device.

[0032] A cylindrical space 53 is formed between the front side panel 51 and the rear side panel 52. The cylindrical space 53 is partitioned into a room-like structure on the front side of the upper ceiling 55 by a horizontally elongated expanding plate 59A, a horizontally elongated vertical plate 59B, and a horizontally elongated retracting plate 59C, and similarly on the rear side by a horizontally elongated expanding plate, a horizontally elongated vertical plate, and a horizontally elongated retracting plate (not shown). There is no horizontally elongated bottom plate facing the upper ceiling 55, and it is an open space.

[0033] As shown in the figure, it is preferable that the volume of the cylindrical space formed by the horizontally elongated vertical plate 59B and the side plates 51 and 52 is larger than the volume of the other parts. It is preferable to provide an air conditioning vent 50 in the horizontally elongated vertical plate 59B. By diluting the high-temperature secondary combustion gas generated in the secondary combustion section 48B of the lower combustion chamber 4 with air introduced from the air conditioning port 50, exhaust gas can be produced that has been cooled from the high-temperature secondary combustion gas. The air conditioning vent 50 may also be an air conditioning vent with a lid that can be opened and closed.

[0034] As the screw conveyor 3 rotates, the carbonization material moves from the area of ​​the inlet-side combustion section 48 to the lateral longitudinal direction of the cylindrical space of the lower combustion chamber 4 and the upper combustion chamber 5. The speed of the screw conveyor 3 is adjusted to decrease during this process, allowing carbonization to proceed and good quality charcoal to be formed. [Explanation of symbols]

[0035] 1 Carbide raw material 2 Hopper 20 Lower opening 3 Screw conveyor 30 Metal cover 31 Screw blades 32 Rotation axis 33 Drive motor 34 Charcoal Heat Dissipation Circuit 35 Ignition port 4. Lower combustion chamber 40, 45 Side panels 41 Aperture 42 Front plate 43 Back plate 44. Cylindrical space 46 Air intake 47 Aperture 48 Inlet side combustion section 48A Primary Combustion Section 48B Secondary combustion section 49 Flame 5. Upper combustion chamber 50 air conditioning vents 51, 52 Side panels 53 Cylindrical space 54 Exhaust gas generation unit 55 Upper ceiling 56 Exhaust duct 57 channels 58 Exhaust vent 6. Blower 60, 61 Inspection hatches 62 Exhaust vents

Claims

1. It comprises a lower combustion chamber (4) and an upper combustion chamber (5), The lower combustion chamber (4) is a rectangular, horizontally elongated cylindrical space (44) formed by opposing front plates (42) and back plates (43), with both sides sealed by a front side plate (40) and a rear side plate (45). One or more air intake ports (46) are provided in the middle section in the vertical direction of the front panel (42) and / or back panel (43). An opening (41) for mounting a screw conveyor (3) is provided at the lower part of the front side plate (40). The screw conveyor (3) installed in the opening (41) is configured to supply the carbide raw material (1) into the cylindrical space (44). An inlet-side combustion section (48) is formed on the opening (41) side of the cylindrical space (44) of the lower combustion chamber (4). The inlet side combustion section (48) has a primary combustion section (48A) for direct combustion at its lower part and a secondary combustion section (48B) at its upper part. In the primary combustion section (48A), the carbide raw material (1) is burned to generate primary combustion gas. The carbonization apparatus is characterized in that the secondary combustion section (48B) adds and mixes air supplied from the intake port (46) with the primary combustion gas to generate a secondary combustion gas at a temperature higher than that of the primary combustion gas.

2. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet side combustion section (48) is formed in a region from the opening (41) to a length of 0.5 L or less with respect to the horizontal length L of the cylindrical space (44) of the lower combustion chamber (4).

3. The temperature of the primary combustion gas is in the range of 500°C to 550°C. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the secondary combustion gas is in the range of 700 to 900°C.

4. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the two or more intake ports (46) arranged in the cylindrical space (44) are spaced further apart in the longitudinal direction within the horizontally elongated cylindrical space (44), increasing the density on the inlet side combustion section (48) and decreasing the density on the far side of the cylindrical space (44).

5. The upper combustion chamber (5) is a horizontally elongated cylindrical space (53) sealed by side plates (51, 52), The cylindrical space (53) is an octagonal, horizontally elongated cylindrical space, or a cylindrical or elliptical, horizontally elongated cylindrical space. The upper combustion chamber (5) has one or more air vents (50) in the middle of the horizontally elongated cylindrical space (53), The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an exhaust gas generation unit (54) that introduces the high-temperature secondary combustion gas generated in the lower combustion chamber (4) into the upper combustion chamber (5), mixes it with air introduced from the air conditioning port (50), and generates exhaust gas by lowering the temperature of the high-temperature secondary combustion gas.

6. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the exhaust gas generation unit generates exhaust gas by lowering the temperature of the secondary combustion gas, which is in the range of 700 to 900°C, to a temperature in the range of 600°C to less than 700°C.

7. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the carbonized raw material is at least one selected from agricultural waste, plant waste, or animal-derived waste.

8. One or more exhaust ports (58) are formed in the upper ceiling (55) of the upper combustion chamber (5). The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that an exhaust duct (56) extending horizontally is provided at the upper part of the upper ceiling (55) so as to cover the exhaust port (58).

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