Light field display system and display method

Abstract

This invention provides a light field display system and a method for displaying the same. [Solution] A light field display system and a display method thereof. The light field display system comprises a plurality of display subunits (1) arranged in a honeycomb pattern, each including a circular rotating structure (11) and at least one first projection assembly (12) positioned at the edge of the rotating structure (11), wherein each first projection assembly (12) includes a plurality of subpixels, and the at least one first projection assembly (12) is configured to project the light emitted from the subpixels in the at least one first projection assembly (12) onto an imaging plane (14) along a preset direction to form a first display subpixel; a unidirectional scattering film (2) provided on the light-emitting side of at least one display subunit (1) and configured to beam-expand the light emitted from at least one display subunit (1) along a first direction; and a control assembly built into the rotating structure (11), electrically connected to at least one display subunit (1), and configured to control the rotation of the rotating structure (11) and the display of at least one subpixel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application claims priority to a Chinese patent application with application number 202311363817.0 filed with the Chinese Patent Office on October 19, 2023, and incorporates all the contents of the above application by reference into this application.

[0002] This application relates to the technical field of light field display, for example, to a light field display system and its display method.

Background Art

[0003] A light field display system can achieve the effect of naked-eye three-dimensional (3D) display and has important applications in the modern display technology field.

[0004] However, in the naked-eye 3D display system in related technologies, cylindrical lens gratings are arranged along the horizontal direction, and a liquid crystal display panel is provided under the cylindrical lens gratings. In this 3D display system, the cylindrical lens gratings are used to divide viewpoints, and by deflecting light from different sub-pixels on the liquid crystal display panel in different directions, the light rays entering the human eye are made different, thus realizing a stereoscopic display. However, in this form, the number of viewpoints is limited by the pixel size of the liquid crystal display panel and the intercept of the cylindrical lens array. The more liquid crystal pixels there are under a single cylindrical lens, the more viewpoints there are. Currently, the size of the color pixels of the liquid crystal panel is generally about 0.2 mm. On the premise that the size of the liquid crystal pixels is fixed, the larger the intercept of the cylindrical lens gratings, the more viewpoints there are. However, since the intercept of the cylindrical lens gratings determines the resolution of the display pixels, the number of viewpoints and the resolution in this form are two parameters that are inversely related, so a balance needs to be achieved. Moreover, in this 3D display system, the viewpoints are not continuous, and the human eye can only see a complete display at specific several viewpoints, which will limit the further application of the 3D display system. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] This application provides a light field display system and a display method therefor, which enables the light field display system to have a continuous viewpoint. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] This application is, A plurality of display subunits arranged in a honeycomb pattern, each including a circular rotating structure and at least one first projection assembly positioned at the edge of the rotating structure, wherein each first projection assembly includes a plurality of subpixels, and the at least one first projection assembly is configured to project the light emitted from the subpixels in the at least one first projection assembly onto the imaging plane along a preset direction to form a first display subpixel, A unidirectional scattering film provided on the light-emitting surface side of at least one display subunit and configured to beam-expand the light emitted from at least one display subunit along a first direction, The rotating structure includes a control assembly, which is built into the rotating structure, electrically connected to at least one display subunit, and configured to control the rotation of the rotating structure and the display of at least one subpixel, We provide a light field display system.

[0007] This application is, To determine the parameters required for the light field display system to display images at a preset display resolution, A display method for a light field display system, comprising determining the display subpixels, display positions, and display times of a plurality of display subunits included in the light field display system based on the aforementioned parameters, The light field display system is the light field display system described in any of the above embodiments. This provides a display method for a light field display system. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] The drawings necessary for use in the description of the embodiments are briefly explained below, and the drawings in the following description represent only a portion of the embodiments of this application.

[0009] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of the relative positional relationship between the first projection assembly and the unidirectional scattering film of the light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram illustrating how different display subunits of a light field display system according to an embodiment of the present invention provide light-emitting beams at different angles to the same display pixel. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram of beam expansion of a light field display system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of multiple display subunits according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 5] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display subunit according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cylindrical lens grating according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a further display subunit according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a light pole according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between multiple display subunits and a display projection line according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 10] Figure 9 is an enlarged schematic diagram of a single display subunit. [Figure 11] This is a schematic diagram of the image coverage area of ​​the projection assembly in the display subunit. [Figure 12] This is a schematic diagram illustrating a light field display system according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing straight lines in the projection areas of two adjacent display subunits. [Figure 13] Another schematic diagram showing a straight line in the projection regions of two adjacent display sub-units of the light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 14] Another schematic diagram showing a straight line in the projection regions of two adjacent display sub-units of the light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 15] Schematic structural diagram of the deflection assembly according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 16] Schematic structural diagram of a further light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 17] Schematic structural diagram of the deflection unit according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 18] Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the deflection assembly and the display sub-unit according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 19] Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between two adjacent display sub-units and the deflection assembly located in two adjacent rows in FIG. 18. [Figure 20] Schematic structural diagram of the first deflection film according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 21] Schematic structural diagram of the second deflection film according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 22] Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between a further deflection assembly and the display sub-unit according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 23] Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between two adjacent display sub-units and the deflection assembly located in two adjacent rows in FIG. 22. [Figure 24] Schematic structural diagram of a further light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 25] Schematic structural diagram of a further light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 26] Principle diagram of expanding the viewing angle of the reflector according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 27] Schematic structural diagram of a further light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 28]This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a further light field display system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 29] This is a flowchart of the display method of the light field display system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0010] The following describes the technical concepts in the embodiments of this application in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments. The embodiments described are not all embodiments, but only a selection of embodiments of this application. Any other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application, without any creative work, are all within the scope of protection of this application.

[0011] The terms “First,” “Second,” etc., in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are for distinguishing similar subjects and are not required to describe a specific order or priority. It should be understood that the data used in this manner may be interchangeable in appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of this application described herein may be carried out in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “includes,” “has,” and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, processes, methods, systems, products, or apparatus that include a set of steps or units shown in the embodiments of this application, as well as other processes, methods, systems, products, or apparatus that do not explicitly describe this set of steps or units, or other steps or units specific to these processes, methods, systems, products, or apparatus.

[0012] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the relative positional relationship between the first projection assembly and the unidirectional scattering film of a light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of different display subunits of the light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application providing light-emitting beams of different angles to the same display pixel; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of beam expansion of the light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a plurality of display subunits according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display subunit according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figures 1 to 5, the light field display system comprises a plurality of display subunits 1 arranged in a honeycomb shape, each including a circular rotating structure 11 and at least one first projection assembly 12 positioned at the edge of the rotating structure 11. The present invention comprises a plurality of display subunits 1, each first projection assembly 12 including a plurality of subpixels, wherein at least one first projection assembly 12 is configured to project the emitted light of the subpixels in at least one first projection assembly onto an imaging surface 14 along a preset direction to form a first display subpixel, the imaging surface 14 may be on or outside the unidirectional scattering film 2; a unidirectional scattering film 2 provided on the light-emitting surface side of at least one display subunit 1 and configured to beam-expand the emitted light of at least one display subunit 1 along a first direction Y; and a control assembly electrically connected to at least one display subunit 1 and configured to control the rotation of a rotating structure and the display of at least one subpixel.

[0013] Illustratively, a three-dimensional space is defined consisting of a first direction Y, a second direction X, and a third direction Z, where two of these three directions are perpendicular, and the second direction X may be horizontal. The display subunit 1 and the unidirectional scattering film 2 are arranged along the third direction Z. The rotating structure 11 of the display subunit 1 is disc-shaped and can rotate around its center. Multiple display subunits 1 form a honeycomb structure, where any two adjacent display subunits 1 are nearly tangent, and there is a gap between adjacent display subunits 1 to avoid influencing each other during rotation. This gap is greater than zero, but may also be less than 1 mm. This increases the coverage of the light emitted from the multiple display subunits on the imaging plane 14, thereby giving the display subpixels on the imaging plane 14 a high resolution. The first projection assembly 12 is provided on the edge of the rotating structure 11, and the first projection assembly 12 is a high-speed projection assembly, and the first projection assembly 12 includes a plurality of subpixels, which can be provided on a display device 121, and the display device 121 is, for example, a dense display device, and may be a display panel such as a Microled, Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED), Digital Light Processing (DLP), or Liquid Crystal On Silicon (LCOS). The subpixels in the display device 121 are projected onto the imaging surface 14 to form first display subpixels, and each subpixel in the display device 121 can provide a light-emitting beam in one direction to different display subpixels at different positions in the display device 121, and the first projection assembly 12 has a plurality of subpixels, and the light emitted from each subpixel is projected along a preset direction. The first projection assembly 12 may be understood as a vector pixel or a tensor pixel, where the definition of a vector pixel is as follows. 1. It is a narrow beam from a point source.For large display scales, a single point light source (for example, a light source occupying less than one ten-thousandth of the display area) can be approximated. Many beams emitted into space by a narrow beam from a point source have the property that, if the boundary of the beam is defined as the point where the light intensity drops to 50% of the beam's maximum light intensity, the minimum spatial spherical angle that can contain all boundaries with the light source as the center is less than 10 degrees. 2. It can support projecting the above beam in 100 or more separable directions. 3. It can emit the above beam in two or more directions simultaneously. 4. It supports the brightness of the above beam being adjustable in at least 16 levels. The definition of a tensor pixel is as follows: A tensor is a multilinear mapping defined on the Cartesian product of a vector space or dual space, where its coordinates are a quantity having |n| components in |n|-dimensional space, where each component is a function of the coordinate, and during coordinate transformations, these components are also linearly transformed according to several rules. A tensor pixel refers to a pixel unit formed by an independently controllable display device array imaging onto different planes in space via an optical assembly. A tensor pixel is a pixel unit in three-dimensional coordinate space, in which case different tensor pixels are located not only in different positions in two-dimensional planar space, but also in different positions in the vertical space, and thus a 3D image screen can be constructed using tensor pixels. Here, a tensor pixel may be a virtual image or a real image formed by the optical assembly.

[0014] The basic display principle of this application can be briefly explained with reference to Figure 2, which illustrates the configuration of a single first display subpixel P and the first projection assembly being a vector pixel (in this case, there is one imaging plane 14) as an example. During display, the rotating structure 11 in the display subunit 1 rotates to rotate the first projection assembly 12. When the first projection assembly 12 in the display subunit 1 rotates to a certain position, it controls one subpixel on it to emit light, providing one first display subpixel P on the imaging plane 14 with a viewing angle in one second direction X, so that when one of a person's eyes is on the light emitted from the subpixel, the person's eye can see the first display subpixel P. Also, when the first projection assembly 12 in another display subunit 1 moves to a certain position, one subpixel on it can illuminate the first display subpixel P with light emitted at a different angle, providing the first display subpixel P with a viewing angle at one different angle in the second direction X, and by providing the first display subpixel P with multiple viewing angles in multiple directions by multiple display subunits 1, the first display subpixel P has a large viewing angle in the second direction X. Other subpixels in the first projection assembly 12 can form other first display subpixels on the imaging plane 14, and multiple first display subpixels can form one complete screen on the imaging plane 14. In the case of vector pixels, different images are transmitted to the left and right eyes of a person, meaning that different subpixels emit light, providing images with binocular parallax to the left and right eyes, thus creating a stereoscopic display. On the other hand, in the case of tensor pixels, images with parallax are formed on different imaging planes, allowing the human eye to perceive depth information in the image, thus achieving a stereoscopic display.

[0015] In this embodiment, display subunits located in two adjacent rows along the second direction X can be configured to provide emitted light to the first display subpixels located in the same row or the same number of rows on the imaging plane 14. In both the first direction Y and the second direction X, the field of view is small, but a narrow beam is required to form binocular parallax display in the second direction X. On the other hand, if the beam is narrow in the first direction Y, the beam directionality of the subpixels in the first direction Y will be different, and the human eye will see different subpixels at different positions, but will not be able to see most of the subpixels in the first direction Y. By providing the unidirectional scattering film 2, the emitted light is beam-expanded along the first direction Y, and the first display subpixels with a small viewing angle in the first direction Y can be beam-expanded to have a large viewing angle. As the human eye moves within one large range in the first direction Y, it can see the first display subpixels at all times. Since each first display subpixel in the first direction Y is beam-expanded, the human eye can see many, and even all, of the display subpixels located in the same row in the first direction Y. In other words, the human eye can see many, and even all, of the display subpixels within a large range, and thus the light field display system of this embodiment has many continuous viewpoints.

[0016] In this embodiment, each display subunit can correspond to a single control assembly, which is configured to control the rotational speed and sub-pixel display of the corresponding display subunit based on a control signal. Preferably, the rotating structure includes a housing, and the control assembly is housed within the housing. In some other embodiments, a single control assembly controls the rotational speed of all display subunits, and the housing of a display subunit may contain only a control assembly that controls the sub-pixel display of the corresponding display subunit.

[0017] In the technical proposal of this embodiment, the light field display system employed comprises a plurality of display subunits arranged in a honeycomb pattern, each including a circular rotating structure and at least one first projection assembly positioned at the edge of the rotating structure, wherein the first projection assembly includes a plurality of subpixels, and the first projection assembly is configured to project the light emitted from the subpixels onto an imaging plane along a preset direction to form first display subpixels; a unidirectional scattering film provided on the light-emitting surface side of the display subunits and configured to beam-expand the light emitted from the display subunits along a first direction; a control assembly electrically connected to the display subunits and configured to control the rotation of the rotating structure and the display of the subpixels; and a correction module configured to determine parameters necessary for the light field display system to display an image at a preset resolution based on the viewing position, wherein the parameters include the display direction angle and display time of the display subunits corresponding to the image. By providing a unidirectional scattering film, the light emitted from the first projection assembly is beam-expanded along the first direction, and as a person moves along the first direction, they can see many or all of the first display subpixels, i.e., they have many continuous viewpoints.

[0018] Preferably, the light field display system further includes a correction module configured to determine the parameters necessary for the light field display system to display an image at a preset resolution based on the viewing position, the parameters including the display direction angle and display time of the display subunit corresponding to the image. The parameters may be calculated by the correction system or transmitted externally. Before display, the correction module can perform corrections to obtain a set of parameters necessary to display the image, and specific correction methods will be described later.

[0019] Preferably, the first projection assembly 12 includes a display device 121 and a projection lens 122, the projection lens 122 being positioned between the display device 121 and the unidirectional scattering film 2. If the first projection assembly 12 is a vector pixel, the projection lens 122 can be set to only one focal point, in which case the projection lens 122 projects the subpixels in the display device 121 onto one imaging plane. On the other hand, if the first projection assembly 12 is a tensor pixel, the projection lens 122 can be set to two focal points to project the emitted light from the subpixels in the display device 121 onto different imaging planes, thereby achieving stereoscopic display through the difference in screens on the different imaging planes.

[0020] Preferably, the image-forming surface 14 may be a real image or a virtual image, and the embodiments of this application are not specifically limited thereto.

[0021] Preferably, the drive method for the display subunit 1 may be such that each display subunit 1 corresponds to one independent drive motor, such as a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) motor; multiple display subunits 1 may be driven by the same electrodes via a belt or gear; or, if the display subunits 1 constitute a display light pole (described later), the display subunits in the same or the same number of display light poles may rotate simultaneously via a belt or gear. The frequency and phase of rotation of the rotation structure 11 in each display subunit does not need to be strictly controlled, and the control assembly can ensure synchronization with the display content using an algorithm, provided it knows the precise frequency and phase of each rotation structure, thereby controlling the display of subpixels when the rotation structure 11 of the display subunit 1 rotates to a preset position. Each display subunit 1 may have an independent power supply and communication system, and preferred methods may include, for example, slip rings or wireless communication.

[0022] Preferably, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cylindrical lens grating according to an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figures 1 to 6, wherein the unidirectional scattering film 2 includes a cylindrical lens grating, and the cylindrical lens grating includes a plurality of cylindrical lenses 21 arranged along a first direction Y and extending along a second direction X.

[0023] The cylindrical lens grating can spread the incident and emitted light in one direction along the alignment direction of the cylindrical lenses 21. The plane on which the cylindrical lens grating is located is parallel to the plane on which the optical center of the projection lens 122 in the first projection assembly is located when it rotates, and the distance from the plane on which the rotation of the optical center is located to the image plane determines the size of the light-emitting surface of a single projection lens 122. The unidirectional scattering film 2 may be any other film sheet that can spread the beam in one direction. Also, the unidirectional spreading angle of the cylindrical lens grating in the first direction Y determines the field of view in the first direction Y.

[0024] Preferably, referring to Figure 5, one display subunit 1 includes 2n first projection assemblies provided on a rotating structure, and the 2n first projection assemblies face each other in pairs along the radial direction of the display subunit 1, and the distance from any two adjacent or opposing first projection assemblies to the center of the display subunit 1 is different and smaller than a second preset value, where n is a positive integer.

[0025] Exemplary, two first projection assemblies facing each other along the radial direction can be defined as the first first projection assembly 12 and the second first projection assembly 15, where the second first projection assembly 15 is slightly misaligned with the first first projection assembly 12 in the radial direction of the rotating structure 11. As a result, the first display subpixels formed when the second first projection assembly 15 is projected are misaligned with the first display subpixels formed by the first first projection assembly 12, for example, in the second direction. X Located in the same row 2In the display subunit, the first projection assembly projects to form one row of first display subpixels, and the second first projection assembly 15 projects to form one row of first display subpixels. On the imaging plane, the first display subpixels formed by the projection of the first first projection assembly 12 and the first display subpixels formed by the projection of the second first projection assembly 15 are located in different rows, increasing the number of display subpixels per unit area on the imaging plane and thereby improving the display resolution. Furthermore, the display subpixels in different rows may be driven using odd-even interlaced scanning, which can reduce flicker on the display screen. Also, the plane on which the optical center of the second first projection assembly moves and the plane on which the optical center of the first first projection assembly moves may be the same plane or different planes. The radius of the rotation trajectory of the second first projection assembly (i.e., the distance from the center of the circle) is small compared to the radius of the rotation trajectory of the first first projection assembly, for example, it differs by (n+1 / 2) times the size of the subpixel.

[0026] In some other embodiments, the distance from any two adjacent or opposing first projection assemblies to the center of the display subunit can also be set to be equal, thereby increasing brightness and reducing the rotational speed of the display subunit.

[0027] Preferably, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a further display subunit according to an embodiment of the present application, and referring to Figure 7, other projection assemblies may be provided on the display subunit 1, and adjacent or radially opposing projection assemblies of the rotating structure may be positioned radially offset from the rotating structure to achieve interlaced scanning, increase display resolution, or reduce rotation speed to increase display brightness. The mounting of the projection assemblies to the display subunit shall satisfy the mechanical balance needs as much as possible, and if not, this can be satisfied by adding counterweight blocks to the rotating structure.

[0028] In some embodiments, preferably, the projection assembly in the display subunit includes a multicolor display device, the multicolor display device includes multiple types of subpixels with different emission colors.

[0029] Each projection assembly may include one display device, which may be a multicolor display device and may include three subpixels of different colors: red subpixels, green subpixels, and blue subpixels. A color image is formed by the emission of light from the subpixels of different colors in the multicolor display device.

[0030] In some other embodiments, preferably continuing to refer to Figure 7, the projection assembly in the display subunit includes a plurality of monochromatic display devices, each monochromatic display device includes subpixels with the same emission color, the emission colors of subpixels on different monochromatic display devices in the same projection assembly are different, and the arrangement order of the plurality of monochromatic display devices in each projection assembly is the same along the rotation direction of the rotating structure 11.

[0031] For example, each projection assembly may include three types of monochromatic display devices: a red display device 1211, a green display device 1212, and a blue display device 1213. The three types of monochromatic display devices in the same projection assembly may be mounted as close together as possible, or separated by a certain angle. By controlling the illumination time of the subpixels in each monochromatic display device when the rotating structure 11 rotates, the color scheme of the pixels on the imaging surface and the display of the image are realized through a visual afterimage effect. Along the rotational direction of the rotating structure, the arrangement order of the monochrome display devices in each projection assembly is the same. That is, if the monochrome display devices in one projection assembly are, in order along the rotational direction, red display device 1211, green display device 1212, and blue display device 1213, then the arrangement order of the monochrome display devices in all projection assemblies along the rotational direction is, in order, red display device 1211, green display device 1212, and blue display device 1213. By setting it in this way, the arrangement method of subpixels in the pixels (including red subpixels, blue subpixels, and green subpixels) formed when the rotating structure 11 rotates is the same, which contributes to reducing the difficulty of handling display data.

[0032] Preferably, Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display light pole according to an embodiment of the present application, and referring to Figure 8, the light field display system further includes a plurality of display light poles, and on the same display light pole, display subunits are fixed in two adjacent rows along a second direction X.

[0033] As shown in Figure 8, two rows of display subunits can be joined together as a single display light pole, and the line connecting the centers of two adjacent display subunits in the display light pole has an angle of 30 degrees with respect to the first direction Y. By setting it in this way, it is possible to ensure that each display subunit is approximately tangent to its adjacent display subunit. In this embodiment, the light field display system includes a display, the display includes a plurality of display light poles arranged along a second direction, each display light pole includes a plurality of display subunits arranged along the first direction, and the plurality of display light poles are arranged to form the honeycomb-shaped plurality of display subunits.

[0034] Preferably, the indicator light poles can be joined together indefinitely, and multiple indicator light poles may be joined together to form a flat surface or to form a curved surface.

[0035] Preferably, the display subunits in each display light pole can be controlled to rotate by belt feed using the same motor.

[0036] The driving principle of the light field display system of the present invention will be explained below in conjunction with specific examples.

[0037] First, we will explain the principle of how the light field display system displays in the second direction X, that is, how it constructs a single row of display subpixels.

[0038] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between multiple display subunits and display projection lines according to an embodiment of the present application, Figure 10 is an enlarged schematic diagram of a single display subunit in Figure 9, and Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the coverage area of ​​the image formation of the projection assembly in the display subunit. Refer to Figures 9 to 11. First, referring to Figure 10, the rotation trajectory 111 of the first projection assembly includes a first trajectory point A1, a second trajectory point A2, a third trajectory point A3, and a fourth trajectory point A4. The line connecting each trajectory point to the center C of the rotation trajectory 111 has a preset angle α with respect to the first diameter of the rotation trajectory 111, the first diameter is parallel to the first direction Y, the first trajectory point A1 and the fourth trajectory point A4 are located on the first side of the first diameter, the second trajectory point A2 and the third trajectory point A3 are located on the second side of the first diameter, and the first trajectory point A1 Point A111 is adjacent to the second trajectory point A2, point A4 is adjacent to the third trajectory point A3, the preset angle α is 30 degrees or more, the preset angles α corresponding to different trajectory points may be the same or different, the first diameter and the rotation trajectory 111 intersect at the fifth trajectory point A5 and the sixth trajectory point A6, point A5 is located on the short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the second trajectory point A2, and point A6 is located on the short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the fourth trajectory point A4. Refer to Figure 11, where the dashed line L1 in Figure 11 is the line connecting the centers of the display subunits 1 located in the same row in the second direction X, and the solid line L2 is the center line between two adjacent dashed lines L1. As an example, assuming the image plane is on a cylindrical lens grating, the projection lens has a focal length f=3.06mm, the subpixel size in the display device is 24.3um, the light-emitting area inside the subpixel is 12um, and to ensure relatively good display when viewed from 1m, the size of the display subpixels imaged onto the cylindrical lens grating film sheet is 1.1mm, the image magnification of the subpixels is M=1.1 / 0.0243=45x, and if the projection assemblies of the display subunits are arranged with radial misalignment, the display subunits can perform interlaced scanning, in which case the size of the display subpixels is equivalent to 0.55mm.In this case, based on the imaging formula (v=f*(M+1)), the imaging distance V=140mm, and the theoretical calculation of the projection lens's horizontal field of view (FOVH) is FOVH=2*(K / 2 / f), where K is the side length of the display device and f is the focal length of the projection lens. When k=4.6mm, f=3.06mm, and FOVH=73 degrees, distortion exists in the projection lens. Therefore, when imaging is formed on a cylindrical lens grating film sheet 140mm away, the measured FOVH of the projection lens is 84 degrees, and the average size of the display subpixels imaged on the cylindrical lens grating film sheet is 1.3mm. The actual size of the display subpixels in interlaced scan display is approximately 0.65mm on average. In this case, the area covered by the projection lens and cylindrical lens grating film sheet is approximately 252mm x 252mm, but there is some distortion in the focal position within the display area, making the horizontal and vertical spacing of the corner points larger than 252mm. As shown in Figure 11, the diameter of the rotating structure in display subunit 1 in the figure is 180 mm (this value is based on the assumption that the currently used control assembly can be mounted inside the disk), the distance between the centers of adjacent rotating structures in the horizontal direction is 180 mm, the distance between the centers of adjacent rotating structures in the vertical direction is approximately 155.88 mm, the diameter of the projection lens is 14 mm, the diameter of the trajectory circle where the trajectory of the projection lens is located (as shown by the dashed line) is 166 mm, the projection coverage area (the image coverage area in the cylindrical lens grating of the projection assembly) is the area determined at the four corner points 405 mm apart shown in the figure, and is called the projection plane Z2, with the minimum projection distance in the vertical and horizontal directions of the boundary points of projection plane Z2 being 252 mm. Here, the projection plane Z2 shown in Figure 11 is the projection plane formed when the first projection assembly in the display subunit in the lower right corner is at the fifth trajectory point A5.

[0039] As can be seen from Figures 11 and 10, when the first projection assembly of one row of display subunits moves along a short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the second trajectory point A2, when the first projection assembly is at a trajectory point close to the fifth trajectory point, its projection plane approaches the position of the projection plane when it is at the fifth trajectory point A5, and in another row of display subunits, there exists a short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the fourth trajectory point A4, and the short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the second trajectory point A2 in one row of display subunits is adjacent to the position of the short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the fourth trajectory point A4 in another row of display subunits, and the first projection assembly of that other row of display subunits moves along a short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the fourth trajectory point A4. In this case, the projection plane also approaches the position of projection plane Z2 in the figure, however, because the difference in position in the second direction X is large and the difference in the first direction Y is small, when the projection assemblies of two adjacent rows of display subunits in the second direction X move along adjacent short trajectories, it can be considered equivalent to when one projection assembly moves along a single straight line (defined as an equivalent short trajectory line L3). Furthermore, when the projection assemblies of two adjacent rows of display subunits in the second direction X move along adjacent short trajectories, the display area they are responsible for can be set to the area determined by rectangle Z1 in Figure 9, where the straight line extending along the second direction X of rectangle Z1 is the solid line L2 in Figure 11. When it is necessary to display a single straight line extending along the second direction X, the projection assembly moving along the equivalent short trajectory line L3 can be controlled and projected onto the image plane, and different subpixels can provide different viewing angles or different display subpixels.

[0040] Based on the principle of reversible light rays, when a person's eye views the display content of the first projection assembly via a unidirectional scattering film, it is equivalent to emitting a narrow beam onto the unidirectional scattering film at the position of the eye according to the viewing angle Q, and this narrow beam becomes a planar beam after passing through the cylindrical lens grating. Because there is an angle between the eye and the unidirectional scattering film, the planar beam is bent, and the projection on the display subunit array surface is a single bent line, which is defined as the display projection line 101. The width of the display projection line 101 is related to the divergence angle emitted from the projection lens, its length is related to the radius of curvature of the cylindrical lens grating, and the degree of bend is related to the angle at which the eye views the cylindrical lens grating. If a display projection line 101 intersects with the motion trajectory of the projection assembly in the display subunit, it means that when the projection assembly moves to the intersection, the subpixel can provide the viewer with a light beam in the Q direction, where the maximum value of Q is FOVH / 2 of the projection lens, and in order to ensure the completeness of the light angle of the display subpixel, all display projection lines at any angle at any observation point must have at least one intersection with the motion trajectory of the projection assembly in the display subunit. Here, completeness of the light angle means that when viewed within the designed viewing area, there are no dead pixels within the designed display area at a given design resolution.

[0041] As can be seen from the above analysis, when the projection assemblies of two adjacent rows of display subunits in the second direction X move along adjacent short trajectories, if the display area they are responsible for is defined by rectangle Z1 in Figure 9, then when the display projection line 101 moves within the rectangular area, it will always coincide with the equivalent short trajectory line of the projection assembly. Furthermore, rectangle Z1 corresponding to two adjacent equivalent short trajectory lines L3 will overlap, and the degree of overlap is determined by the size of the field of view (FOV) of the projection lens. Also, because the display projection line 101 has width, if the FOV of the projection lens is large and the degree of curvature of the display projection line 101 is large, and some of the display projection line 101 coincides with the equivalent short trajectory line L3, the projection assembly can provide a display beam with a large field of view at the observation point.

[0042] The following describes the principle by which the light field display system displays in the first direction Y.

[0043] Taking the display of a straight line extending along a first direction Y as an example, Figures 12 to 14 are schematic diagrams of a display method in which a light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application displays a straight line in the projection area of ​​two adjacent display subunits, refer to Figures 12 and 14. Assuming that a straight line AB is to be displayed, the length of the straight line AB in the first direction Y is longer than the length of one rectangle Z1, meaning that the corresponding display subunits need to project display subpixels onto line segments AA-2 and BB-1 at points A5-2 and A5-1, respectively, and there is an overlap in the projection area when the display subunits are at A5-1 and A5-2, so the overlapping area is line segment B-1A-2, meaning that some of the display subpixels on line segment AB may be projected by one subpixel, and some of the display subpixels may be projected by two subpixels. Furthermore, although Figures 12 to 14 show only two equivalent short trajectory lines (for example, the two thick lines in Figure 12), in reality, the projection regions corresponding to the remaining equivalent short trajectory lines also overlap with line segment AB. Therefore, it can be understood that the line segments from A-1 to B-1 and A-2 to B-2 in the actual line segment AB can be projected by one subpixel, and the remaining line segments can be projected by two subpixels. When the subpixels are projected by the projection lens onto the cylindrical lens grating surface where AB is located, the divergence angle of the subpixel beam is determined by the projection lens at the time of imaging.When passing through a cylindrical lens grating, the divergence angle of a subpixel in the first direction Y changes, while the divergence angle in the second direction X remains unchanged. Taking the display subpixel points A-1 and B-1 in Figure 13 as an example, if the spreading angle of the cylindrical lens grating in one direction is 75 degrees, each position in the region between points A-1 and B-1 corresponds to only a single subpixel. Therefore, after the subpixels in this region are beam-expanded vertically by the cylindrical lens grating, the beam-expanding angles of the beam after the subpixels at points A-1 and B-1 are different, since they originate from A5-2 and A5-1 respectively. The θ shown in the figure is the common coverage area of ​​the subpixel spots corresponding to the A-1B-1 region, and all display subpixels on A-1B-1 can be seen only when the observer's eye is within this area. In the figure, any point in an area like A-2B-1 is covered by two display subpixels, and since the two display subpixels originate from different projection assemblies, the display subpixels are spread in one direction by the cylindrical lens grating and then oriented in different directions. Therefore, as shown in Figure 14, when the eyes are oriented in different directions relative to the display area, different display subpixels must be selected to achieve full display or bright display. As shown in Figure 14, when Eye1 is above the display area, the projection assembly must select to display Pixel-1 at A5-1 so that Eye1 can see the pixel, and when Eye2 is in the direct or downward region of the projection, the projection assembly must select to display Pixel-2 at A5-2 so that Eye2 can see the bright display subpixel.

[0044] As can be seen from the above analysis, when the projection assembly is on an equivalent short trajectory line, a complete screen display is achieved by setting different subpixels (including subpixels in the same or different projection assemblies) to form different display subpixels or different viewing angles for the same display subpixels. In addition, in the second direction X, the viewing angle is determined by the FOVH of the projection lens, and in the above embodiment, if the FOVH of the projection lens is only 84 degrees, the viewing angle of the light field display system in the second direction X is also only 84 degrees, so that the human eye can only see a small portion of the display area in the second direction X.

[0045] This invention provides a configuration that expands the field of view in a second direction X.

[0046] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a deflection assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a further light field display system according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figures 10, 15 and 16, wherein a deflection assembly 3 is further provided between the unidirectional scattering film 2 and a plurality of display subunits, and the deflection assembly 3 is configured to deflect the emitted light when the projection assemblies in the plurality of display subunits move along a short trajectory between a fourth trajectory point A4 and a first trajectory point A1 and when they move along a short trajectory between a second trajectory point A2 and a third trajectory point A3, in the second direction X or the opposite direction.

[0047] For example, if the projection assembly rotates along a short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the second trajectory point A2, and along a short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the fourth trajectory point A4, it is close to the fifth trajectory point A5 or the sixth trajectory point A6, which is equivalent to moving along an equivalent short trajectory straight line, and the corresponding display area is rectangle Z1. On the other hand, if the projection assembly rotates along a short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the fourth trajectory point A4, and along a short trajectory between the second trajectory point A2 and the third trajectory point A3, it is far from both the fifth trajectory point A5 and the sixth trajectory point A6, and in this case the projection plane is far from rectangle Z1. In this embodiment, when the projection assembly moves along a short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the fourth trajectory point A4 and a short trajectory between the second trajectory point A2 and the third trajectory point A3, the emitted light can be deflected in the second direction X or the opposite direction of the second direction X. The deflected emitted light has a large angle in the second direction X and the third direction Z. In this case, if the deflected light corresponding to the projection assembly in several display subunits 1 also passes through the first display subpixel, it is possible to provide the first display subpixel with a single display beam with a large viewing angle, i.e., a viewing angle greater than 84 degrees. When the projection assembly rotates along a short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the fourth trajectory point A4 and a short trajectory between the second trajectory point A2 and the third trajectory point A3, a viewing angle greater than 84 degrees can be provided to the corresponding display subpixel in the rectangular Z1 region by controlling and emitting light from the pre-set subpixels.

[0048] Preferably, Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a deflection unit according to an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figures 15 to 17, the deflection assembly 3 includes a first deflection film and a second deflection film, both of which are formed by being arranged by a plurality of deflection units 31, each deflection unit 31 being a single triangular prism structure consisting of a bottom surface 311, an effective side surface 312 and an ineffective side surface 313, the deflection unit 31 being configured to deflect light incident on the effective side surface and emitted along the bottom surface in a direction away from the normal corresponding to the bottom surface, and the corresponding effective side surface and ineffective side surface of the deflection unit along the direction of the emitted light of the corresponding projection assembly SlopeThe refractive index of the deflection unit 31 may be set to 1.62, the angle between the ineffective side 313 and the effective side 312 is 70 degrees, the angle between the effective side 312 and the bottom surface 311 is 40 degrees, the angle between the ineffective side 313 and the bottom surface 311 is 70 degrees, and the length of the bottom surface is 80 μm (considering that the size of the pixel spot projected onto the deflection film is 1 mm per pixel, and that one pixel has a structure larger than 10 lines (i.e., the projection spot of one pixel covers at least 10 or more tooth-ridge deflection structures shown in Figure 15), the deflected beam is relatively uniform, and the influence on the beam uniformity of a single tooth-ridge deflection is reduced), then the light incident on the effective side 312 is deflected to a larger angle.

[0049] Preferably, a light-absorbing material is applied to the inactive side surface 313 of the deflection unit 31, thereby preventing light incident on the inactive side surface 313 from entering the interior of the deflection unit 31.

[0050] Preferably, Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the deflection assembly and the display subunit according to an embodiment of the present application, Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between two adjacent display subunits located in two adjacent rows in Figure 18 and the deflection assembly, Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first deflection film according to an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second deflection film according to an embodiment of the present application. See Figures 18 to 21. The deflection assembly 3 includes a plurality of first deflection films 32 and a plurality of second deflection films 33, and a row of display subunits arranged along a second direction X corresponds to one first deflection film 32 and one second deflection film 33, and the rotation trajectory 111 is further provided with a seventh trajectory point A7 and an eighth trajectory point A8, the line connecting the seventh trajectory point A7 and the eighth trajectory point A8 is the second diameter of the rotation trajectory 111, the seventh trajectory point A7 is located on the short trajectory 1112 between the first trajectory point A1 and the fourth trajectory point A4, and the eighth trajectory point A8 is located on the short trajectory 1113 between the second trajectory point A2 and the third trajectory point A3, and the second diameter is parallel to the second direction X.

[0051] Two adjacent rows of display subunits and their corresponding deflection films constitute a repeating unit, and the deflection film in the repeating unit is used to determine the emitted light when the first projection assembly of the first row of display subunits (the first row of display subunits from top to bottom in the Z1 region in Figure 18) moves along a short trajectory between the seventh trajectory point A7 and the first trajectory point A1, the emitted light when the first projection assembly of the first row of display subunits moves along a short trajectory between the eighth trajectory point A8 and the second trajectory point A2, the emitted light when the first projection assembly of the second row of display subunits (the second row of display subunits from top to bottom in the Z1 region in Figure 18) moves along a short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the eighth trajectory point A8, and the emitted light when the first projection assembly of the second row of display subunits moves along a short trajectory between the fourth trajectory point A4 and the seventh trajectory point A7. The deflection film in a repeating unit is configured to deflect the emitted light when moving along a trajectory along one of a second direction and a direction opposite to the second direction, and is further configured to deflect the emitted light when the first projection assembly of the second row display subunit moves along a short trajectory between the seventh trajectory point A7 and the first trajectory point A1, the emitted light when the first projection assembly of the second row display subunit moves along a short trajectory between the eighth trajectory point A8 and the second trajectory point A2, the emitted light when the first projection assembly of the first row display subunit moves along a short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the eighth trajectory point A8, and the emitted light when the first projection assembly of the first row display subunit moves along a short trajectory between the fourth trajectory point A4 and the seventh trajectory point A7, along the other of a second direction and a direction opposite to the second direction.

[0052] Exemplary, the first and second deflection films corresponding to the display subunit of the first row of the two adjacent rows are configured to deflect the emitted light when the first projection assembly of the display subunit of the first row moves along a short trajectory between the seventh trajectory point and the first trajectory point and when it moves along a short trajectory between the eighth trajectory point and the second trajectory point along one of the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction, and to deflect the emitted light when the first projection assembly of the display subunit of the first row moves along a short trajectory between the third trajectory point and the eighth trajectory point and when it moves along a short trajectory between the fourth trajectory point and the seventh trajectory point along the other of the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction.

[0053] The first and second deflection films corresponding to the display subunit of the second row of the two adjacent rows are configured to deflect the emitted light when the first projection assembly of the display subunit of the second row moves along a short trajectory between the third and eighth trajectory points and when it moves along a short trajectory between the fourth and seventh trajectory points along one of the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction, and to deflect the emitted light when the first projection assembly of the display subunit of the second row moves along a short trajectory between the seventh and first trajectory points and when it moves along a short trajectory between the eighth and second trajectory points along the other of the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction.

[0054] Exemplary, the corresponding structures of the first deflection film 32 and the second deflection film 33 are identical, differing only in their lateral positions in the light field display system. In the light field display system, the bottom surface of the deflection film is located away from the light-emitting surface of the display subunit, and the bottom surface of the deflection film is parallel to the plane on which the optical center of the projection assembly moves. The cross-sectional view of the deflection film in the first direction Y is as shown in Figures 20 and 21. If the effective side 312 and ineffective side 313 of one deflection film are aligned along the second direction X (aligned from left to right in the figure), then light incident on the effective side 312 will be deflected along the opposite direction of the second direction X (deflected to the left in the figure). If the effective side 312 and ineffective side 313 of another deflection film are aligned along the opposite direction of the second direction X (aligned from right to left in the figure), then light incident on the effective side 312 will be deflected along the second direction X (deflected to the right in the figure). In Figure 19, the two display subunits are designated as the first display subunit 51 and the second display subunit 52, respectively, and are located in different rows and adjacent to each other. As can be seen from the above analysis, when the first projection assembly in the first display subunit 51 moves along a short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the second trajectory point A2, and the first projection assembly in the second display subunit 52 moves along a short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the fourth trajectory point A4, the corresponding display area is the rectangle Z1 shown in Figure 9, and in this case, the viewing angle along the second direction X is 84 degrees (which may be understood as -42 degrees to 42 degrees). The deflection film is set so as not to deflect the emitted light when the first projection assembly moves along this short trajectory, that is, this part is responsible for providing a viewing angle of -42 degrees to 42 degrees in the second direction X to the human eye.When the first projection assembly in the first display subunit 51 moves along a short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the seventh trajectory point A7, and when it moves along a short trajectory between the second trajectory point A2 and the eighth trajectory point A8, the second deflection film 33 deflects the light emitted from the first projection assembly in the second direction X, providing the rectangle Z1 with a viewing angle greater than one 84-degree (i.e., not 42-degree) in the second direction X. When the first projection assembly in the second display subunit 52 moves along a short trajectory between the fourth trajectory point A4 and the seventh trajectory point A7, and when it moves along a short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the eighth trajectory point A8, the second deflection film 33 deflects the light emitted from the first projection assembly in the second direction X, providing the rectangle Z1 with a viewing angle greater than one 84-degree (i.e., not 42-degree) in the second direction X. When the first projection assembly in the second display subunit 52 moves along a short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the seventh trajectory point A7, and when it moves along a short trajectory between the second trajectory point A2 and the eighth trajectory point A8, the second deflection film 33 deflects the light emitted from the first projection assembly in the opposite direction of the second direction X, providing the rectangle Z1 with a viewing angle greater than one 84-degree (i.e., not -42 degrees) in the second direction X. When the first projection assembly in the first display subunit 51 moves along a short trajectory between the fourth trajectory point A4 and the seventh trajectory point A7, and when it moves along a short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the eighth trajectory point A8, the second deflection film 33 deflects the light emitted from the first projection assembly in the opposite direction of the second direction X, providing the rectangle Z1 with a viewing angle greater than one 84-degree (i.e., not -42 degrees) in the opposite direction of the second direction X. As can be seen, the first deflection film 32 and the second deflection film 33 allow the corresponding display subpixels to be viewed within one large viewing angle range, thereby expanding the viewing angle, increasing the display area, increasing the number of viewpoints, and strengthening the continuity of viewpoints. Furthermore, the arrangement method of the first and second deflection films in this embodiment ensures that there are intersections between the display projection line and the rotation trajectory of the display subunit, eliminating the problem of black gaps (missing display pixels).

[0055] In some other embodiments, for example, as shown in Figures 22 and 23, Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between a further deflection assembly and a display subunit according to an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between two adjacent display subunits and a deflection assembly located in two adjacent rows in Figure 22. The first deflection film 32 is configured to deflect the emitted light when the first projection assembly moves along a short trajectory between the seventh trajectory point A7 and the first trajectory point A1 and when it moves along a short trajectory between the eighth trajectory point A8 and the second trajectory point A2, along one of the second direction X and the direction opposite to the second direction, and the second deflection film 33 is configured to deflect the emitted light when the first projection assembly moves along a short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the eighth trajectory point A8 and when it moves along a short trajectory between the fourth trajectory point A4 and the seventh trajectory point A7, along the other of the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction.

[0056] Exemplary, the corresponding structures of the first deflection film 32 and the second deflection film 33 are the same, differing only in their functional position in the light field display system. In the light field display system, the bottom surface of the deflection film is located away from the light-emitting surface of the display subunit, and the bottom surface of the deflection film is parallel to the plane on which the optical center of the projection assembly moves. The cross-sectional view of the deflection film in the first direction Y is as shown in Figures 20 and 21. When the effective side 312 and ineffective side 313 of one of the deflection films are aligned along the second direction X (aligned from left to right in the figure), light incident on the effective side 312 is deflected along the opposite direction of the second direction X (deflected to the left in the figure). When the effective side 312 and ineffective side 313 of another deflection film are aligned along the opposite direction of the second direction X (aligned from right to left in the figure), light incident on the effective side 312 is deflected along the second direction X (deflected to the right in the figure). In Figure 22, the positions of the first deflection film 32 and the second deflection film 33 can be swapped, and this embodiment will schematically describe only the positions shown in Figure 22. In Figure 23, the two display subunits are designated as the first display subunit 51 and the second display subunit 52, respectively, and are located in different rows and adjacent to each other. As can be seen from the above analysis, when the first projection assembly in the first display subunit 51 moves along a short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the second trajectory point A2, and when the first projection assembly in the second display subunit 52 moves along a short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the fourth trajectory point A4, the corresponding display area is the rectangle Z1 shown in Figure 9, and in this case, the viewing angle along the second direction X is 84 degrees (which may be understood as -42 degrees to 42 degrees). The deflection film is set so as not to deflect the emitted light when the first projection assembly moves along the short trajectory of this portion, i.e., this portion is responsible for providing a viewing angle of -42 degrees to 42 degrees in the second direction X to the human eye.When the first projection assembly in the first display subunit 51 moves along a short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the seventh trajectory point A7, and when it moves along a short trajectory between the second trajectory point A2 and the eighth trajectory point A8, the first deflection film 32 deflects the light emitted from the first projection assembly in the opposite direction of the second direction X, providing the rectangle Z1 with a viewing angle greater than one 84-degree (i.e., not -42 degrees) in the opposite direction of the second direction X. When the first projection assembly in the second display subunit 52 moves along a short trajectory between the fourth trajectory point A4 and the seventh trajectory point A7, and when it moves along a short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the eighth trajectory point A8, the second deflection film 33 deflects the light emitted from the first projection assembly in the second direction X, providing the rectangle Z1 with a viewing angle greater than one 84-degree (i.e., not -42 degrees) in the second direction X. As can be seen, the first polarizing film 32 and the second polarizing film 33 allow the corresponding display subpixels to be viewed within one large viewing angle range, thereby expanding the viewing angle, increasing the display area, increasing the number of viewpoints, and strengthening the continuity of viewpoints.

[0057] In this embodiment, along the thickness direction of the light field display system, i.e., the third direction Z, the projection of the first deflection film on the corresponding display subunit can be set to cover all areas superimposed with the projections of the short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the seventh trajectory point A7 and the short trajectory between the second trajectory point A2 and the eighth trajectory point A8 along the second direction X in the corresponding row of display subunits. Similarly, along the thickness direction of the light field display system, i.e., the third direction Z, the projection of the second deflection film on the corresponding display subunit can be set to cover all areas superimposed with the projections of the short trajectory between the fourth trajectory point A4 and the seventh trajectory point A7 and the short trajectory between the third trajectory point A3 and the eighth trajectory point A8 along the second direction X in the corresponding row of display subunits.

[0058] Preferably, referring to Figure 19, each display subunit further includes at least one second projection assembly, the rotation trajectory of the second projection assembly being 112. The difference between the distance from any first projection assembly located in the same display subunit to the center of the display subunit and the distance from the second projection assembly to the center of the display subunit is less than or equal to a first preset value. A deflection assembly is further configured to deflect the emitted light in a second direction or the opposite direction when the second projection assembly in a plurality of display subunits moves along its rotation trajectory, and at least one second projection assembly is configured to project the emitted light of its subpixels onto the imaging plane to form a second display subpixel, the display content of the second display subpixel and the corresponding first display subpixel being the same but with different display viewing angles.

[0059] In this embodiment, the roles of the second projection assembly when it moves along a short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the fourth trajectory point A4, and when it moves along a short trajectory between the second trajectory point A2 and the third trajectory point A3, are the same as the roles of the first projection assembly when it moves along a short trajectory between the first trajectory point A1 and the fourth trajectory point A4, and when it moves along a short trajectory between the second trajectory point A2 and the third trajectory point A3, both of which are to increase the completeness of the emission angle. The plane on which the optical center of the second projection assembly moves and the plane on which the optical center of the first projection assembly moves may be the same plane or different planes. The projection assembly may be in close contact with the deflection film, and the projection distances of the first projection assembly and the second projection assembly may be different. When the human eye views the display plane at a large angle, the display subpixels are farther from the human eye, so it is acceptable for the display subpixels at large angles to be large, and the viewing effect on the human eye still matches that at small angles. Therefore, in order to reduce costs, it is acceptable for the resolution of the display device in the second projection assembly to not match the resolution of the display device in the first projection assembly, and the projection focus plane of the second projection assembly may be different from the projection focus plane of the first projection assembly. The rotation trajectory 112 of the second projection assembly is entirely below the projection of the deflection assembly, and its projection plane is entirely deflected by the deflection assembly. The rotational trajectory 112 of the second projection assembly is tangent to the boundary of the current display subunit's effective display area (i.e., rectangle Z1) and can completely fill the gaps of the display subunits that are tangent in the horizontal direction. Since the curvature of the display projection lines at large angles is large, and usually much larger than the radius of curvature of the rotational trajectory 112 of the second projection assembly, it is ensured that the display projection lines have at least one intersection with the rotational trajectory of the projection assembly (including the first and second projection assemblies) within the effective display area of ​​the display subunit, thereby ensuring the integrity of the large angle emission angles of the display subpixels.

[0060] Preferably, the deflection assembly is located near the projection lens side of the projection assembly, and as the projection assembly moves within the projection along the third direction Z of the deflection assembly, the imaging beam can pass entirely through the deflection assembly before imaging.

[0061] Preferably, the deflection assembly is mounted as close to the projection lens as possible, provided that it does not interfere with the movement of the projection assembly.

[0062] In some other embodiments, as shown in Figure 24, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a further light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application, the light field display system further includes a linear Fresnel film sheet 80, which is provided between a plurality of display subunits and a unidirectional scattering film 2, and along a second direction X, the linear Fresnel film sheet 80 is provided with two edge regions K11 and a central region K12 located between the edge regions K11, the size of each edge region K11 is larger than the size of the central region K12, the second direction X is perpendicular to the first direction Y, and in each edge region K11, the surface of the linear Fresnel film sheet 80 closest to the plurality of display subunits includes a plurality of tooth-like structures 801, the plurality of tooth-like structures 801 extending along the first direction Y, and in each edge region K11, along the direction from the central region K12 toward each edge region K11, the inclination of the plurality of tooth-like structures 801 is equal or gradually increases.

[0063] In this embodiment, there is no need to provide a deflection film, and the viewing angle in the second direction X is expanded by providing a linear Fresnel film sheet 80. Here, the linear Fresnel film sheet 80 is located between the honeycomb structure 13, which is composed of multiple display subunits, and the unidirectional scattering film 2. Multiple tooth-like structures 801 are arranged along the second direction X and extend along the first direction Y (not shown in Figure 24). Along the second direction X, the size of the central region K12 may be set to 1% or less of the size of the linear Fresnel film sheet 80. The principle for expanding the viewing angle in this embodiment is that light emitted from the display subunit passes sequentially through the linear Fresnel film sheet 80 and the unidirectional scattering film 2. When the emitted light irradiates the tooth-like structure 801 on the linear Fresnel film sheet 80 in the edge region K11, it is refracted, changing the viewing angle corresponding to the display subunit, and all of these viewing angles are deflected toward the central region K12. For example, both of the viewing angles indicated by the edge in Figure 24 are deflected toward the center. Compared to the case where neither of the two viewing angles is deflected, the common region formed by the viewing angle corresponding to the central region (thick solid line in the figure) (i.e., the overlapping region of the three viewing angles) becomes larger, and consequently, all display subunits can be seen within a larger viewing angle range, i.e., the viewing angle is expanded. Furthermore, the inclination of all tooth-like structures 801 may be set to be the same, which reduces the difficulty of the design. Alternatively, the inclination of multiple tooth-like structures 801 may be different. For example, the inclination of tooth-like structures further from the central region is greater, and correspondingly, the angle of bias towards the central region of the viewing angle also increases. Consequently, each tooth-like structure biases the viewing angle into one large common region, and the overlapping region of the viewing angles corresponding to all display subunits becomes larger. For example, without a linear Fresnel film sheet, all display subunits can be seen from viewpoint Q1, but the rightmost display subunit cannot be seen from viewpoint Q2, and the leftmost display subunit cannot be seen from viewpoint Q3. On the other hand, after providing a linear Fresnel film sheet, all display subunits can be seen from viewpoints Q1, Q2, and Q3.

[0064] In the above embodiment, preferably, a toothed structure is not provided in the portion of the linear Fresnel film sheet 80 located in the central region K12. This means that the viewing angle corresponding to the central region is not deflected, or a toothed structure with an extremely small inclination (for example, an angle with respect to the second direction X that is less than 1°) may be provided. In the above embodiment, each display subunit may include only the first projection assembly and not the second projection assembly. The linear Fresnel film sheet 80 provides the function of expanding the viewing angle, and costs can be reduced compared to expanding the viewing angle with the second projection assembly. Furthermore, a deflection film may not be provided, further reducing costs. The toothed structure may be planar or arc-shaped, and this embodiment is not specifically limited to these.

[0065] Preferably, Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a further light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the principle of expanding the field of view of a reflector according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figures 2, 25 and 26, the light field display system further includes a reflector 6, which is provided on at least one side of a plurality of display subunits along a second direction X.

[0066] A display subunit located at the edge of the display subunit array may have a portion of the light it emits that is directed away from the imaging plane 14 when the projection assembly above it moves to the edge of the array. By providing a reflector 6, this portion of the light is reflected by the first display subpixel P on the imaging plane, providing the first display subpixel P with one large viewing angle and ensuring the completeness of the viewing angle of the pixels at the edge of the array. In Figure 26, L3 is an equivalent short trajectory line, and the dashed line to the left of the equivalent short trajectory line L3 is the virtual image formed by the equivalent short trajectory line L3. With a display area of ​​900 mm * 1350 mm and a display subpixel of 0.65 mm, the display resolution of the light field display system at this time is 1384 * 2076. Preferably, reflectors may be provided on both sides of the display subunit along the second direction X.

[0067] Preferably, Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a further light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application, and referring to Figure 27, the light field display system further includes an eye position tracking assembly 7, which is electrically connected to a control assembly, and the control assembly is configured to control the display of corresponding subpixels based on eye position information fed back by the eye position tracking assembly.

[0068] The light field display system can perform correction before display, correcting all viewpoints along a single horizontal line in space (i.e., a line extending along the second direction X), determining the subpixels to display for each viewpoint. If the spot widened by the cylindrical lens grating is vertical, the viewed image will always be a perfect image even if the viewer moves forward, backward, left, or right relative to the viewpoint along that line. However, if the spot widened by the cylindrical lens grating is curved, the viewed image will change as the viewer moves relative to the viewpoint of the corrected line. For display subpixels with a small viewing angle, the flow type of the spot widened by the cylindrical lens grating will be nearly consistent, causing distortion in the image seen by the viewer. For display subpixels with a large viewing angle, the beam will pass through the deflection assembly before being widened by the cylindrical lens grating, and the beam shape will differ significantly from the shape widened directly by the cylindrical lens grating, and may even transform the projection assembly. If the beam shape changes suddenly and deviates from the corrected viewpoint, there may be black gaps in the displayed screen being viewed. Therefore, when viewing the light field display at a small viewing angle, the eye position tracking assembly 7 is not necessary. When viewing the light field display system at a large viewing angle, the eye position tracking assembly 7 is required to feed back the eye position to the control assembly, adjust the displayed subpixels in real time based on the eye position, and achieve a perfect, distortion-free light field display at a large viewing angle.

[0069] Preferably, the eye position tracking assembly includes an infrared auxiliary lamp and a camera, the infrared auxiliary lamp configured to prevent the camera from failing to identify an eye or the identified eye position from being inaccurate when ambient light is dim. In this embodiment, after the eye position tracking assembly determines the eye position, a software correction method can be used to determine which subpixel emits light at what angle and which position on the imaging plane will illuminate the pixel display.

[0070] As shown in Figure 27, the eye position tracking assembly includes two cameras, a first camera 71 and a second camera 72, mounted near the cylindrical lens grating and facing in two directions, respectively. The second camera 72 is configured to detect the position of the eye when the eye is at a certain distance from the screen. When the second camera 72 is at a certain distance from the screen, it is close to the eye, has high resolution for the eye, and can detect the position of the eye with great precision. When the eye is close to the screen, the second camera 72 cannot detect the eye. The first camera 71 determines the position of the eye by detecting the image of the eye on the infrared light reflective film in the cylindrical lens grating. Another function of the first camera 71 is to perform detection correction on the display subpixels of the imaging plane. It can be understood that the viewfinder field of the first camera 71 faces the imaging plane, while the viewfinder field of the second camera 72 faces in the opposite direction to that of the first camera 71.

[0071] Furthermore, the light field display system also needs to be periodically calibrated during use to prevent parameter changes. Here, the calibration can determine the necessary set of parameters to enable the display of a full-resolution (full-screen) image for a specific known viewing position, drive multiple display subunits based on the parameters, and determine the display subunit corresponding to each image point in the full-screen display, the corresponding display direction angle in the display subunit, and the display time.

[0072] Preferably, the light field display system further includes an imaging module, the viewfinder field of the imaging module facing a plurality of display subunits, and both an eye position tracking assembly and a correction module are connected to the imaging module, and the imaging module is configured to provide image information to the correction module and the eye position tracking assembly. In this embodiment, the imaging module includes a first camera 71 and a second camera 72.

[0073] For example, the imaging module may be a camera. If the imaging module is oriented towards the multiple display subunits, the eye position tracking assembly and the correction module can use a single camera in common, and the image information acquired by this camera can be used by the eye position tracking assembly to track eye position or by the correction module to perform parameter correction. By using a common camera, the number of cameras required can be reduced, and consequently, the cost of the light field display system can be reduced.

[0074] Preferably, Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a further light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application, and referring to Figure 28, a quarter-wave plate 81, a polarizing plate 82, an anti-reflective film 83, and an infrared light reflective film 84 are provided in order on the light-emitting surface of the unidirectional scattering film 2.

[0075] The quarter-wave plate 81, polarizer 82, and anti-reflective film 83 are used to reduce the effects of ambient light and improve display contrast. The infrared light reflective film 84 reflects infrared light and has high transmittance to visible light, and can perform mirror imaging for objects that scatter infrared light. When an infrared light auxiliary lamp located in front of the screen illuminates a person's eyes, the camera can see the image of the person's eyes through the infrared light reflective film, and thus detect the position of the person's pupil.

[0076] Furthermore, if the display light poles are joined together to form a curved screen, each film sheet may be a flexible film sheet to conform to the curved screen.

[0077] Embodiments of the present application further provide a display method for a light field display system, as shown in Figure 29, which is a flowchart of the display method for a light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application. The display method includes the following steps.

[0078] In step S110, the parameters required for the light field display system to display the image at a preset display resolution are determined.

[0079] In step S120, the display subpixels, display positions, and display times of the multiple display subunits included in the light field display system are determined based on the parameters.

[0080] For example, after determining a series of parameters (which can be transmitted to the control assembly in the form of a parameter table) necessary for display at a specific viewing position via a correction module or external data transmission, the control assembly can determine several parameters necessary for the display of each display subunit, such as display time and display gradation, based on these parameters, and consequently control the rotation speed of each display subunit. The specific display method of the light field display system can be found in the description of the parts of the light field display system of this application, and is omitted here. The display method of the light field display system of this application has at most a continuous viewpoint.

[0081] Preferably, the display method of the light field display system further includes determining the subpixels, display position, and display time of the display subunit based on the parameters and the position information of the eye fed back by the eye tracking assembly. If an eye tracking assembly is required, it is necessary to commonly determine several parameters necessary for the display of the display subunit based on the position information of the eye fed back by the eye tracking assembly.

Claims

1. A plurality of display subunits arranged in a honeycomb pattern, each including a circular rotating structure and at least one first projection assembly positioned at the edge of the rotating structure, wherein each first projection assembly includes a plurality of subpixels, and the at least one first projection assembly is configured to project the light emitted from the subpixels in the at least one first projection assembly onto the imaging plane along a preset direction to form a first display subpixel, A unidirectional scattering film provided on the light-emitting surface side of at least one display subunit and configured to beam-expand the light emitted from at least one display subunit along a first direction, The rotating structure includes a control assembly, which is built into the rotating structure, electrically connected to at least one display subunit, and configured to control the rotation of the rotating structure and the display of at least one subpixel, Light field display system.

2. The display further includes a plurality of display light poles arranged along a second direction, each display light pole includes a plurality of the display subunits arranged along a first direction, and the plurality of the display light poles are arranged to form the honeycomb-shaped plurality of display subunits. In the same indicator light pole, the angle between the line connecting the centers of two adjacent indicator subunits and the first direction is 30 degrees, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The light field display system according to claim 1.

3. The unidirectional scattering film includes a cylindrical lens grating, the cylindrical lens grating includes a plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged along a first direction and extending along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. The light field display system according to claim 1.

4. The rotational trajectory of each first projection assembly includes a first trajectory point, a second trajectory point, a third trajectory point, and a fourth trajectory point, wherein the angle formed by the line connecting each of the trajectory points to the center of the rotational trajectory with the first diameter of the rotational trajectory is a preset angle, the first diameter is parallel to the first direction, the first trajectory point and the fourth trajectory point are located on the first side of the first diameter, the second trajectory point and the third trajectory point are located on the second side of the first diameter, the first trajectory point is adjacent to the second trajectory point, the fourth trajectory point is adjacent to the third trajectory point, and the preset angle is 30 degrees or more. A deflection assembly is further provided between the unidirectional scattering film and the plurality of display subunits, and the deflection assembly is configured to deflect the emitted light when the first projection assembly moves along a short trajectory between the fourth trajectory point and the first trajectory point and when it moves along a short trajectory between the second trajectory point and the third trajectory point in a second direction or a direction opposite to the second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. The light field display system according to claim 1.

5. The deflection assembly comprises a plurality of first deflection films and a plurality of second deflection films, wherein a row of the display subunits arranged along a second direction corresponds to one of the first deflection films and one of the second deflection films, and the arrangement order of the first deflection films and second deflection films corresponding to different rows of the display subunits arranged along the second direction is the same, the rotation trajectory further includes a seventh trajectory point and an eighth trajectory point, the line connecting the seventh trajectory point and the eighth trajectory point is the second diameter of the rotation trajectory, the seventh trajectory point is located on the short trajectory between the first trajectory point and the fourth trajectory point, the eighth trajectory point is located on the short trajectory between the second trajectory point and the third trajectory point, and the second diameter is parallel to the second direction. The two adjacent rows of the aforementioned display subunits and the first and second deflection films corresponding to each row of display subunits constitute a single repeating unit. The first and second deflection films corresponding to the first row of the two adjacent rows of display subunits are configured to deflect the emitted light when the first projection assembly of the first row of display subunits moves along a short trajectory between the seventh trajectory point and the first trajectory point, and when it moves along a short trajectory between the eighth trajectory point and the second trajectory point, along one of the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction, and to deflect the emitted light when the first projection assembly of the first row of display subunits moves along a short trajectory between the third trajectory point and the eighth trajectory point, and when it moves along a short trajectory between the fourth trajectory point and the seventh trajectory point, along the other of the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction. The first and second deflection films corresponding to the display subunit of the second row of the two adjacent rows are configured to deflect the emitted light when the first projection assembly of the display subunit of the second row moves along a short trajectory between the third and eighth trajectory points and when it moves along a short trajectory between the fourth and seventh trajectory points along one of the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction, and to deflect the emitted light when the first projection assembly of the display subunit of the second row moves along a short trajectory between the seventh and first trajectory points and when it moves along a short trajectory between the eighth and second trajectory points along the other of the second direction and the direction opposite to the second direction. The light field display system according to claim 4.

6. Each of the plurality of first deflection films and the plurality of second deflection films includes a plurality of deflection units, each deflection unit being a triangular prism including an effective side, an ineffective side and a bottom surface, the bottom surface being parallel to the light-emitting surface of the plurality of display subunits, and the first deflection films and the second deflection films are further configured to deflect light incident on the effective side and emitted from the bottom surface along a direction away from the normal corresponding to the bottom surface. The effective side and the ineffective side corresponding to the first or second deflection film are arranged along the deflection direction of the emitted light of the first projection assembly in the corresponding display subunit, and the effective side and the ineffective side of the first deflection film and the effective side and the ineffective side of the second deflection film are each composed of a plurality of deflection units formed according to different arrangement schemes. The light field display system according to claim 5.

7. Each display subunit further includes at least one second projection assembly, wherein the difference between the distance from any of the first projection assemblies located in the same display subunit to the center of the display subunit and the distance from any of the second projection assemblies located in the same display subunit to the center of the display subunit is less than or equal to a first preset value, and the deflection assembly is further configured to deflect the emitted light when the second projection assemblies in the plurality of display subunits move along their own rotational trajectory in a second direction or a direction opposite to the second direction. The at least one second projection assembly is configured to project the light emitted from its own subpixels onto the imaging plane to form a second display subpixel, wherein the display viewing angle of the second display subpixel is greater than that of the first display subpixel. The light field display system according to claim 4.

8. The linear Fresnel film sheet further comprises the linear Fresnel film sheet provided between the plurality of display subunits and the unidirectional scattering film, Along the second direction, the linear Fresnel film sheet is provided with two edge regions and a central region located between the two edge regions, the size of each edge region being larger than the size of the central region, and the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. In each edge region, the surface of the linear Fresnel film sheet closest to the plurality of display subunits includes a plurality of tooth-like structures, the plurality of tooth-like structures extend along the first direction, and in each edge region, the inclination of the plurality of tooth-like structures is equal or gradually increases along the direction from the central region to each edge region. The light field display system according to claim 1.

9. Further including a reflector, the reflector is provided on at least one side of the plurality of display subunits along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The light field display system according to claim 1.

10. Each display subunit includes 2n of the first projection assemblies, and the 2n first projection assemblies are arranged in pairs opposite each other radially along the display subunit, and the distance from any two adjacent or opposing first projection assemblies to the center of each display subunit is different and less than a second preset value, where n is a positive integer. The light field display system according to claim 1.

11. Each first projection assembly in each display subunit includes a plurality of monochrome display devices, each monochrome display device includes subpixels having the same emission color, the emission colors of subpixels in different monochrome display devices in the same first projection assembly are different, and the arrangement order of the plurality of monochrome display devices in the first projection assembly in each display subunit is the same along the rotation direction of the rotational structure of each display subunit. The light field display system according to claim 10.

12. Each first projection assembly in each display subunit includes a multicolor display device, and the multicolor display device includes multiple types of subpixels with different emission colors. The light field display system according to claim 1.

13. The light-emitting surface of the aforementioned unidirectional scattering film is provided with, in order, a quarter-wave plate, a linear polarizing plate, a visible light anti-reflection film, and an infrared light reflective film. The light field display system according to claim 1.

14. The system further includes a correction module, which is configured to determine the parameters necessary for the light field display system to display an image at a preset resolution based on the viewing position, the parameters including the display direction angle and display time of the display subunit corresponding to the display of the image. The light field display system according to claim 1.

15. The system further includes a human eye position tracking assembly, the human eye position tracking assembly is configured to determine the position of a human eye, and the human eye position tracking assembly is electrically connected to the control assembly. The control assembly is configured to control the display of subpixels in the corresponding display subunit based on the position information of the human eye fed back by the human eye position tracking assembly. The light field display system according to claim 14.

16. The system further includes an imaging module, the viewfinder field of view of the imaging module facing the plurality of display subunits, the eye position tracking assembly and the correction module are both connected to the imaging module, and the imaging module is configured to provide image information to the correction module and the eye position tracking assembly. The light field display system according to claim 15.

17. The plurality of display subunits constitute a plane or a curved surface. The light field display system according to claim 1.

18. The rotating structure includes a housing, and the control assembly is located within the housing. The light field display system according to claim 1.

19. To determine the parameters required for the light field display system to display images at a preset display resolution, A display method for a light field display system, comprising determining the display subpixels, display positions, and display times of a plurality of display subunits included in the light field display system based on the aforementioned parameters, The light field display system is the light field display system according to any one of claims 1 to 18. Display method for light field display systems.

20. The process further includes determining the location information of a person, the location information of the person being acquired by a person location tracking assembly, the person location tracking assembly being electrically connected to the control assembly, Determining the display subpixels, display positions, and display times of the plurality of display subunits based on the aforementioned parameters is: This includes determining the display subpixels, display positions, and display times of the plurality of display subunits based on the aforementioned parameters and the location information of the person, A display method for the light field display system according to claim 19.

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