Passageway structure and presentation system

Abstract

To allow viewers to more effectively enjoy the lighting effects when they enter the performance space. [Solution] The indoor passageway structure leading to the performance space where lighting effects are performed in a dark environment comprises a passageway 60 with a total length of 80m or more set to a dark environment, and multiple lighting fixtures 66 arranged along the passageway 60. The multiple lighting fixtures 66 emit colored light that does not fall under any of the light source color classifications specified in JIS Z 9112. This promotes the dark adaptation and color adaptation of the viewer's eyes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a passage structure for reaching a performance space. The present invention also relates to a performance system including a performance facility forming the performance space and a passage structure leading thereto. Specifically, the present invention relates to an indoor passage structure for guiding viewers to a performance space where performances using light are carried out in a dark environment, etc.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, performance facilities that perform performances using light in a dark space have been known. Such performance facilities are provided, for example, in amusement facilities, art museums, museums, planetariums, event venues, etc., and in the performance space formed by the performance facility, a visual performance experience using techniques such as video projection and lighting is provided to viewers.

[0003] In such performance facilities, usually, a passage for viewers to reach the performance space is provided. In addition, lighting fixtures may be installed in the passage to assist viewers in walking safely. As a technique for arranging lighting fixtures in the passage, for example, the technique described in Patent Document 1 is known. Patent Document 1 discloses a guide light in which light sources are linearly arranged along the boundary between the wall surface and the floor surface of the passage to allow passers-by to recognize the shape of the passage.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] Incidentally, in the aforementioned performance venues, lighting effects are used in a dark environment. Therefore, viewers who enter the performance space from a bright external environment may have difficulty fully perceiving the light used in the effects and may not immediately enjoy the effects. In other words, until the viewer's eyes adjust to the darkness and colors within the performance space, they may not be able to fully perceive the colors and brightness of the effects, such as the images and lighting, and may not fully experience the color effects and visual impressions intended by the performer. In particular, the first impression of a performance space greatly influences the viewer's experience, so it is desirable to fully demonstrate the effects from the moment of entry.

[0006] One possible solution to these problems is to create a dark anteroom before the performance space, where viewers can wait for a certain period of time to allow their eyes to adjust to the darkness. However, in this case, the waiting time in the anteroom becomes merely a period of waiting without any active experience for the viewers, which may lead to dissatisfaction. Furthermore, in facilities where a large number of viewers are admitted sequentially, requiring them to wait in an anteroom would lead to congestion in the anteroom and make it difficult to guide viewers smoothly and efficiently into the performance space.

[0007] Therefore, the main objective of the present invention is to provide a technology that allows viewers to more effectively enjoy the effects of light when they enter a performance space, and that also allows viewers to be smoothly guided into the performance space. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The inventors of the present invention diligently studied means to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and as a result, they found that by setting an indoor passageway leading to the performance space to a predetermined length or longer, and by setting the passageway in a dark environment and arranging lighting fixtures that emit colored light along the passageway, the viewer's eyes are naturally encouraged to adapt to darkness and color as they walk along the passageway, and they can effectively enjoy the performance effect from the moment they enter the performance space. Based on the above finding, the inventors realized that the problems of the prior art could be solved, and thus completed the present invention. Specifically, the present invention has the following configuration or process.

[0009] The first aspect of the present invention relates to an indoor passageway structure leading to a performance space. The performance space is a space in which light-based performances are carried out in a dark environment. The performance space is formed by performance facilities (e.g., spherical screen, dome-shaped screen, darkroom, etc.), but the specific configuration of the performance facilities is not limited. Furthermore, performance in the performance space refers to, but is not limited to, visual performances using light such as image projection, laser light, LED lighting, spotlights, etc. The passageway structure according to the present invention comprises a passageway with a total length of 80m or more set in a dark environment, and a plurality of lighting fixtures arranged along the passageway. A dark environment refers to an environment with lower illuminance than a normal indoor lighting environment. The passageway is provided indoors and is a path for viewers to reach the performance space by walking. Each of the plurality of lighting fixtures emits colored light that does not fall under any of the light source color classifications specified in JIS Z 9112. The light source color classifications specified in JIS Z 9112 refer to the five classifications of incandescent color, warm white, white, neutral white, and daylight. In other words, colored light refers to light of colors that do not fall under these white light sources, and which are perceived by human vision as specific hues (for example, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet, etc.).

[0010] With the above configuration, viewers will walk through a darkened corridor towards the performance space. Since the corridor is over 80 meters long, viewers will walk through it for at least one minute, during which time their eyes will naturally adapt to the darkness. Furthermore, the lighting fixtures placed along the corridor emit colored light, continuously exposing viewers to specific colors of light, thus promoting color adaptation. As a result, viewers will be able to fully perceive the brightness and color of the light used in the performance from the moment they enter the performance space, allowing them to effectively enjoy the performance's effects. Moreover, because dark and color adaptation progresses through the active act of walking towards the performance space, it avoids the frustration that might arise from waiting in an anteroom. Additionally, because viewers proceed sequentially towards the performance space while walking along the corridor, a large number of viewers can be smoothly guided to the performance space without causing congestion.

[0011] In the passageway structure according to the present invention, it is preferable that the colored light emitted by multiple lighting fixtures is of the same hue. That is, it is preferable that all lighting fixtures arranged along the passageway emit colored light of the same hue. Because the hue of the colored light emitted by the lighting fixtures is unified, viewers are continuously exposed to light of a specific hue while walking along the passageway, thus more effectively promoting color adaptation to that hue.

[0012] In the passageway structure according to the present invention, it is preferable that the passageway is not illuminated by any lighting devices other than a plurality of lighting fixtures that emit colored light, except for emergency exit signs. Emergency exit signs refer to lights that guide viewers to evacuation routes, such as emergency exit signs and passageway signs installed in accordance with the Fire Service Act. In addition, lighting devices for use during maintenance or emergencies (for example, emergency lighting devices based on the Building Standards Act, or work lights for maintenance and inspection) may be installed in the passageway. These lighting devices are turned off during normal operation, and the only lights emitting in the passageway during normal operation are the plurality of lighting fixtures that emit colored light and the emergency exit signs. With this configuration, the light that enters the viewer's field of vision is almost exclusively limited to the colored light emitted by the lighting fixtures, and both dark adaptation and color adaptation are more effectively promoted.

[0013] In the passageway structure according to the present invention, it is preferable that the illuminance measured at a height of 1.5 meters from the floor is 20 lux or less when the passageway is illuminated by multiple lighting fixtures. A height of 1.5 meters corresponds to the approximate eye level of the viewer. By placing the viewer in a dark environment with an illuminance of 20 lux or less, the viewer's adaptation to the dark proceeds effectively, and the light effects can be perceived more clearly when they enter the performance space.

[0014] In the passageway structure according to the present invention, it is preferable that the passageway includes a curved path such that the performance space cannot be seen from the entrance of the passageway. This configuration suppresses light from the performance space from leaking towards the entrance of the passageway, and maintains a dark environment within the passageway. Furthermore, since the light from the performance space cannot be seen when the viewer enters the passageway, the influence of external light that would hinder the viewer's adaptation to darkness before reaching the performance space can be eliminated.

[0015] In the passageway structure according to the present invention, the passageway preferably includes a spiral path. A spiral path is suitable for securing the full length of the passageway in a limited site area. Furthermore, since the view ahead in the direction of travel is blocked at every point in the spiral path, light leakage from the performance space can be prevented more reliably.

[0016] In the passageway structure according to the present invention, it is preferable that the passageway has an upward slope that rises toward the performance space. By providing an upward slope, the viewer's gaze is more easily directed downwards toward their feet. If the lighting fixtures arranged along the passageway are located near the feet, the colored light emitted by the lighting fixtures, combined with the gaze-guiding effect of the upward slope, makes it easier for the colored light to enter the viewer's field of vision, further promoting the viewer's color adaptation.

[0017] In the passageway structure according to the present invention, it is preferable that the hue of the colored light emitted by multiple lighting fixtures is 90 degrees or more away on the color wheel from the hue of the light used for the performance in the performance space. Human vision has a property in which, after perceiving a particular color for a certain period of time, sensitivity to that color decreases, and the color located on the opposite side of the color wheel (complementary color) is emphasized as an afterimage. This phenomenon is called a color afterimage or complementary color afterimage. By separating the hue of the colored light of the lighting fixtures from the hue of the light in the performance space by 90 degrees or more on the color wheel, viewers will be able to perceive the colors of the light used for the performance more vividly when they enter the performance space after color adaptation in the passageway.

[0018] A second aspect of the present invention relates to a performance system. The performance system according to the present invention comprises a performance facility that forms a performance space in which light-based performances are carried out in a dark environment, and an indoor passageway structure leading to the performance space. The passageway structure is the passageway structure relating to the first aspect described above. The performance facility is, for example, a darkroom equipped with a spherical screen, a dome-shaped screen, a flat screen, or a structure on which projection mapping is performed. The spherical screen constitutes a full-spherical image display system, as will be described later. [Effects of the Invention]

[0019] According to the present invention, viewers can more effectively enjoy the effects of light when they enter the performance space. Furthermore, according to the present invention, viewers can be smoothly guided into the performance space. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0020] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the overall configuration of a video display system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the video display system shown in Figure 1, particularly showing the method of projecting video by the projection device. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the panel members constituting the spherical screen. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a perspective view schematically showing the external structure of the passage arranged around the spherical screen. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the passage from the perspective of the viewer. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the control device. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is a schematic view for explaining the concept of the coordinate system and the virtual camera system in the virtual space.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0021] Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, and also includes those appropriately modified by those skilled in the art within an obvious range from the following embodiments.

[0022] First, the overall configuration of a video display system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 1 schematically shows the overall configuration of the video display system 100 according to this embodiment. As shown in Figure 1, the video display system 100 includes a spherical screen 10, a net-like support member 20, and a projection means 30 as main components.

[0023] The spherical screen 10 is a spherical screen for providing 360-degree omnidirectional video to the viewer. The spherical screen 10 does not necessarily need to be a perfect sphere, and may be a substantially spherical shape composed of an ellipsoid or a polyhedron. The internal space of the spherical screen 10 functions as a space for the viewer to view the video.

[0024] The mesh support member 20 is provided within the internal space of the spherical screen 10 to safely support the viewer. The mesh support member 20 is stretched across the spherical screen 10 from one inner wall to the opposite inner wall under tension. The mesh support member 20 is positioned on or near a horizontal plane passing through the center of the spherical screen 10. Specifically, the mesh support member 20 may be positioned offset downward or upward, for example, by 0 to 1500 mm or 0 to 1000 mm, relative to the horizontal plane passing through the center of the spherical screen 10. In particular, it is preferable that the position of the mesh support member 20 is offset downward by 500 to 1500 mm or 800 to 100 mm from the horizontal plane passing through the center of the spherical screen 10, so that the viewpoint of a viewer seated on the mesh support member 20 coincides with the horizontal plane passing through the center of the spherical screen 10.

[0025] The projection means 30 is a device for projecting an image onto the inner surface of the spherical screen 10. The projection means 30 is composed of multiple projection devices and is arranged so that an image can be projected onto the entire inner surface of the spherical screen 10. The image projected by the projection means 30 provides the viewer with a 360-degree omnidirectional visual experience on the inner surface of the spherical screen 10.

[0026] This configuration allows viewers to stand or sit on the mesh support member 20 and view the 360-degree panoramic images projected onto the spherical screen 10. Because the mesh support member 20 is lightweight and has little visual presence, viewers can experience a more natural sense of floating. Furthermore, by using the mesh support member 20, large support columns and steel frames that obstruct the view can be eliminated from inside the spherical screen 10, significantly improving immersion in the images.

[0027] Next, we will explain in detail the components of the video display system 100. As shown in Figure 1, the spherical screen 10 is divided into an upper hemisphere 11 and a lower hemisphere 12, with the mesh support member 20 as the boundary. The upper hemisphere 11 is the part of the spherical screen 10 located above the mesh support member 20, and the lower hemisphere 12 is the part of the spherical screen 10 located below the mesh support member 20. This upper and lower division plays an important role in the image projection by the projection means 30 and the sound effects by the sound means 40, which will be described later.

[0028] The size of the spherical screen 10 can be designed as appropriate depending on the application and installation location. Figure 1 shows a spherical screen 10 with a diameter of approximately 20 meters as an example, but it is not limited to this. For example, a standard size that can accommodate 20 to 50 viewers can be approximately 15 to 25 meters in diameter. Furthermore, for larger facilities that can accommodate more viewers, it is possible to enlarge it to approximately 30 to 50 meters in diameter. On the other hand, for small facilities for individual use or small groups, it is possible to reduce it to approximately 5 to 10 meters in diameter.

[0029] The spherical screen 10 is provided with openings to allow viewers to enter and exit. As shown in Figure 1, an entrance / exit 13 is formed in the upper hemisphere 11. The entrance / exit 13 is the main opening for viewers to enter and exit the internal space of the spherical screen 10. The size of the entrance / exit 13 is set to allow viewers to pass through safely and easily. Multiple entrances / exits 13 may be provided. For example, when efficiently guiding a large number of viewers in a large spherical screen 10, it is preferable to provide multiple entrances / exits 13. It is also possible to achieve smoother entry and exit by separating the entrance and exit and making the viewer's movement unidirectional.

[0030] The lower hemisphere 12 of the spherical screen 10 is provided with a hatch 14 for accessing the lower hemisphere 12, for example, for maintenance or in emergencies. The hatch 14 may be formed by making a part of the panel constituting the spherical screen 10 openable and closable, or it may be an entrance provided separately from the panel. The hatch 14 is used to retrieve objects that have fallen into the lower hemisphere 12 or to clean the inside of the spherical screen 10. The hatch 14 is normally closed, maintaining the spherical shape of the spherical screen 10.

[0031] Furthermore, openings such as the entrance / exit 13 and hatch 14 are designed to the minimum necessary size while maintaining the structural strength of the spherical screen 10. In addition, care has been taken to ensure that the spherical shape around the openings does not affect the image projection. Even if the entrance / exit 13 and hatch 14 are provided, the spherical screen 10 is included in the definition of a "spherical screen" in this invention.

[0032] Mapping markers 15 are arranged on the inner surface of the spherical screen 10. The mapping markers 15 are provided at regular intervals across the entire inner surface of the spherical screen 10. These markers 15 are used to precisely align the image projection by the projection means 30. Specifically, by having an imaging device (not shown) photograph the mapping markers 15, the actual shape of the spherical screen 10 and the projection area of ​​each projection device can be accurately determined. Based on this information, the control device 70 can appropriately correct the images from each projection device, enabling the projection of a continuous, distortion-free image onto the inner surface of the spherical screen 10. The mapping markers 15 can be made of, for example, LEDs or reflective materials, and should have a shape and color that is easily recognized by the imaging device. Furthermore, by using light sources such as LEDs for the mapping markers 15, the inside of the spherical screen 10 can be brightly illuminated by turning on the LEDs, for example, in emergencies or during maintenance.

[0033] The mesh support member 20 is an important component for safely supporting the viewer within the internal space of the spherical screen 10 and for providing a high level of floating sensation that was difficult to achieve with conventional technology. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the mesh support member 20 is mainly composed of a mesh member 21 and a fixing device 22.

[0034] The mesh member 21 is formed from a high-strength and lightweight material. For example, the mesh member 21 can employ a net structure woven from bundles of high-strength fibrous materials such as carbon fiber, aramid fiber, or high-tensile steel wire. For instance, the diameter of these bundles of fibrous materials is preferably around 5-25 mm, and can be 8-20 mm or 10-15 mm. Furthermore, for example, to safely support 20-30 viewers on a spherical screen 10 with a diameter of 20 meters, the total load is assumed to be approximately 2000-3000 kg, and the design load is set to 6000-15000 kg with a safety factor of 3-5 times. In relation to this design load, the appropriate material selection and mesh size should be determined considering the tensile strength of each fiber in the mesh member 21 and the load distribution effect of the mesh structure.

[0035] Furthermore, the mesh size of the mesh member 21 is designed to balance the safety and comfort of the viewer. If the mesh is too large, there is a risk of the viewer's feet getting caught in the mesh, and if it is too small, it becomes difficult to view the image projected onto the spherical screen 10 (especially the lower hemisphere 12). In addition, to prevent smartphones and other small items carried by the viewer from passing through the mesh and falling, it is preferable to set the mesh size to be smaller than these items. Specifically, the mesh size is preferably 15 to 80 mm on each side, and particularly preferably 20 to 50 mm. The shape of the mesh is preferably a geometric shape in which uniform shapes such as triangles, squares, rhombuses, parallelograms, or hexagons can be arranged without gaps. With this mesh size and shape, the viewer can walk on the mesh support member 20 safely and comfortably, while also ensuring sufficient ventilation and preventing smartphones and other items from falling.

[0036] The fixing device 22 has the function of fixing the mesh member 21 to the inner wall of the spherical screen 10 and maintaining an appropriate tension on the mesh member 21. The fixing device 22 is installed at multiple locations along the entire circumference of the spherical screen 10 or at regular intervals, and securely holds the ends of the mesh member 21. In particular, it is preferable to install the fixing device 22 on the outside of the spherical screen 10 so that it is not visible from inside the spherical screen 10. The fixing device 22 is provided with a tension adjustment mechanism (not shown), and it is preferable to apply uniform tension to the mesh member 21. This ensures the flatness and stability of the entire mesh support member 20. The tension applied to the mesh member 21 is preferably set to, for example, 0.1 to 2.0 kN or 0.3 to 1.0 kN per meter. It is preferable that the fixing device 22 is arranged around the inner wall of the spherical screen 10 at intervals of 2 to 3 meters, and that the tension can be adjusted individually at each fixing device 22. By adjusting the tension in this way, the mesh support member 20 maintains appropriate elasticity, resulting in a moderate deflection of about 10 to 50 millimeters when a viewer walks on it, providing the viewer with a pleasant sense of resilience.

[0037] In this way, by adopting the mesh support member 20 as a support element for the viewer, it is possible to give the viewer a greater sense of floating. That is, because the mesh structure has appropriate elasticity, when the viewer walks or stands on the mesh support member 20, the elasticity of the mesh member 21 transmits a soft, fluffy feeling to the soles of their feet. This elastic feeling provides the viewer with a sense of floating that cannot be obtained on a hard floor surface. In addition, the mesh structure is highly breathable, and the mesh support member 20 does not obstruct the airflow, so the viewer can feel the airflow from their feet and experience the sensation of floating in mid-air. Furthermore, the mesh support member 20 hardly reflects the projected image light and is made of fibrous material, so the presence of the support member in the viewer's field of vision can be minimized. As a result, the viewer can concentrate more easily on the image projected on the spherical screen 10 and obtain the experience of floating in mid-air.

[0038] The projection means 30 is a device for projecting an omnidirectional image onto the inner surface of the spherical screen 10. In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the projection means 30 is composed of a plurality of first projection devices 31 and a plurality of second projection devices 32. In particular, in Figure 2, the projection range of each projection device 31, 32 is shown by dotted lines.

[0039] Multiple first projection devices 31 are installed on the upper hemisphere 11 and project images onto the inner surface of the upper hemisphere 11. The first projection devices 31 are fixed in predetermined positions on the inner surface of the upper hemisphere 11. The arrangement of each first projection device 31 is adjusted so that the images are projected evenly across the entire inner surface of the upper hemisphere 11. The projection angles of typical projection devices are approximately 40 to 60 degrees horizontally and 30 to 45 degrees vertically with a standard lens, and approximately 80 to 120 degrees horizontally and 60 to 90 degrees vertically with a wide-angle lens. Therefore, in order to cover the entire inner surface of the upper hemisphere 11 (a range of 180 degrees vertically x 360 degrees horizontally) without gaps, it is preferable to arrange the first projection devices 31 in two or more rows vertically and five or more units horizontally, and it is generally good to arrange about 8 to 14 first projection devices 31 on the upper hemisphere 11. Furthermore, the projection ranges of each first projection device 31 are set to overlap appropriately so as not to create seams or gaps in the image. Note that in Figures 1 and 2, the number of first projection devices 31 is omitted for the sake of simplicity in the drawings, but the actual number and arrangement of projection devices should be set appropriately according to the size of the spherical screen 10 and the required image quality.

[0040] Multiple second projection devices 32 are installed on the lower hemisphere 12 and project images onto the inner surface of the lower hemisphere 12. The second projection devices 32 are fixed in predetermined positions on the inner surface of the lower hemisphere 12. The arrangement of each second projection device 32 is adjusted so that images are projected evenly across the entire inner surface of the lower hemisphere 12 by the multiple second projection devices 32. Similar to the upper hemisphere 11, it is preferable to arrange the second projection devices 32 in two vertical rows and five or more horizontal units (a total of approximately 8 to 14 units) to cover the entire inner surface (a range of 180 degrees vertically x 360 degrees horizontally) without gaps. The projection ranges of each second projection device 32 should also be set to overlap appropriately so that there are no seams or gaps in the image.

[0041] In this way, by arranging the first projection device 31 and the second projection device 32 separately in the upper hemisphere 11 and the lower hemisphere 12, the shadow of the mesh support member 20 can be avoided from being projected onto the inner surface of the spherical screen 10. Furthermore, since the image light from the projection devices 31 and 32 no longer shines directly onto the mesh support member 20, the mesh support member 20 can be made less conspicuous.

[0042] The number of projection devices 31 and 32 can be adjusted as appropriate according to the size of the spherical screen 10, the required image resolution, the quality of the image seams, etc. In each hemispherical section 11 and 12, at least two rows (upper and lower) of projection devices are required in the vertical direction, and approximately 3 to 8 projection devices are arranged horizontally in each row. For example, a small spherical screen 10 with a diameter of about 15 meters can have a total of 12 projection devices: 6 in the upper hemisphere 11 (3 in the upper row and 3 in the lower row) and 6 in the lower hemisphere 12 (3 in the upper row and 3 in the lower row). On the other hand, a large spherical screen 10 with a diameter of about 30 meters can have a total of 32 projection devices: 16 in the upper hemisphere 11 (8 in the upper row and 8 in the lower row) and 16 in the lower hemisphere 12 (8 in the upper row and 8 in the lower row).

[0043] For each projection device 31, 32, known projection devices such as DLP projectors, LCD projectors, and LED projectors can be used. In order to achieve high brightness and high resolution image display, each projection device preferably has a resolution of 4K or higher and a brightness of 5000 lumens or higher. Furthermore, in order to support long-term continuous operation, it is preferable to use a professional projection device equipped with a cooling mechanism.

[0044] Furthermore, each projection device 31, 32 is equipped with a standard lens, wide-angle lens, or fisheye lens suitable for spherical projection. These lenses allow planar image data to be adapted to a spherical shape and projected. In addition, the images from each projection device may be subjected to distortion correction, color correction, and brightness correction by the control device 70 described later.

[0045] Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the panel members that make up the spherical screen. The projection surface of the spherical screen 10 is formed by arranging multiple panel members 16, as shown in Figure 3, in the planar direction. Each panel member 16 is composed of a perforated panel 16a, a light-shielding curtain 16b, a substrate 16c, and bolts 16d.

[0046] The perforated panel 16a is positioned at the frontmost surface of the panel member 16, and is the component onto which the image from the projection means 30 is directly projected. The perforated panel 16a has numerous regularly spaced through-holes. These through-holes play a role in improving the visibility of the image by appropriately scattering the projected image light. The diameter of the through-holes is set considering the balance between image resolution and visibility, and can usually be around 0.5 to 3 millimeters. In addition, the through-holes in the perforated panel 16a can be formed at the intersections of regular patterns such as a square grid, rhombic grid, or hexagonal grid to achieve uniform light scattering. The spacing (pitch) of the through-holes is set to, for example, 2 to 5 times the diameter of the through-holes. For example, if the diameter of the through-holes is 1 millimeter, the pitch of the through-holes can be around 2 to 5 millimeters.

[0047] The material of the perforated panel 16a is selected from materials with optical properties suitable for image projection. Specifically, white or light gray resin materials, metal materials, or ceramic materials can be used. Since it functions as a screen, it is important to select a material that suppresses specular reflection and has appropriate diffuse reflection properties. By evenly diffusing the incident image light, viewers can see a bright and clear image from any position. In addition, the surface of the perforated panel 16a can be treated with fine irregularities or special coatings to improve the diffuse reflection effect.

[0048] The light-blocking curtain 16b is provided on the back side of the perforated panel 16a and has the function of blocking unwanted reflected and transmitted light from the back of the panel. The light-blocking curtain 16b is made of a black material with excellent light absorption properties. Specifically, black nonwoven fabric, napped velvet material, or thin film material with a light-absorbing coating can be used. The thickness of the light-blocking curtain 16b is usually set to about 1 to 5 millimeters in order to obtain a sufficient light-blocking effect. By providing the light-blocking curtain 16b, it is possible to prevent image light that has passed through the perforated panel 16a from being reflected by the substrate 16c or the structural members of the spherical screen 10 and returning to the front. This improves the black level of the image and enables a high contrast ratio.

[0049] The substrate 16c is a structural base component of the panel member 16, supporting the perforated panel 16a and the light-shielding curtain 16b. The substrate 16c is located further back from the light-shielding curtain 16b. In other words, the light-shielding curtain 16b is sandwiched between the perforated panel 16a and the substrate 16c. The substrate 16c is made of a material with sufficient strength and dimensional stability, and can be a metal plate, resin plate, or composite material plate. The thickness of the substrate 16c is set according to the strength required of the panel member 16, and can usually be about 5 to 20 millimeters.

[0050] The perforated panel 16a, the light-shielding curtain 16b, and the substrate 16c are integrally fixed together using fasteners such as bolts 16d. For example, the bolts 16d can be screwed into bolt holes formed in the substrate 16c. The bolts 16d and bolt holes can be placed at multiple locations on the periphery of the panel member 16.

[0051] When arranging multiple panel members 16 in a planar direction to form the projection surface of the spherical screen 10, care is taken to ensure that the seams at the boundaries between adjacent panel members 16 are not noticeable. Specifically, by bringing the perforated panels 16a of adjacent panel members 16 into close contact, discontinuities in optical properties at the seams are minimized. Furthermore, although the panel members 16 are planar in the example shown in Figure 3, the design is not limited to this. In other words, by pre-curving the shape of the panel members 16 to conform to a spherical surface, a smooth curved shape of the spherical screen 10 can be achieved.

[0052] In Figure 3, for the sake of explanation, the punching panel 16a, light-shielding curtain 16b, and substrate 16c are all shown to be the same size, but the actual configuration is not limited to this. For example, it is possible to enlarge the substrate 16c and arrange multiple punching panels 16a on it. In this case, one substrate 16c will support multiple punching panels 16a. Furthermore, by using a larger substrate 16c, the assembly efficiency of the spherical screen 10 can also be improved. In addition, the light-shielding curtain 16b can be made to be the same size as or larger than the substrate 16c, so that the backs of multiple punching panels 16a can be shielded from light all at once.

[0053] The video display system 100 further includes sound means 40 to provide stereoscopic sound corresponding to the 360-degree panoramic video projected onto the spherical screen 10. Similar to the projection means 30, the sound means 40 is divided into a first sound device 41 and a second sound device 42 based on the division of the upper hemisphere 11 and lower hemisphere 12 by the mesh support member 20.

[0054] The first sound device 41 is one or more sound devices installed in the upper hemisphere 11, providing sound to the space of the upper hemisphere 11. The second sound device 42 is one or more sound devices installed in the lower hemisphere 12, providing sound to the space of the lower hemisphere 12. The first sound device 41 is fixed at a predetermined position on the inner surface of the upper hemisphere 11 and is arranged to provide sound evenly to the entire space of the upper hemisphere 11. Similarly, the second sound device 42 is fixed at a predetermined position on the inner surface of the lower hemisphere 12 and is arranged to provide sound evenly to the entire space of the lower hemisphere 12. Specifically, as each sound device 41, 42, 4 to 8 speakers can be arranged at equal intervals in the upper hemisphere 11 and the lower hemisphere 12, respectively. It is preferable that each speaker be a full-range speaker capable of reproducing high, mid, and low frequencies in a balanced manner, or a multi-way speaker combining multiple drivers.

[0055] Furthermore, the first sound device 41 located in the upper hemisphere 11 and the second sound device 42 located in the lower hemisphere 12 can separate the sound output according to, for example, the frequency range. For instance, it is possible to output mid-range to high-range sounds from the first sound device 41 and low-range sounds from the second sound device 42. In particular, by allocating a focus on the low-range to the second sound device 42, it is possible to achieve a deep bass effect that can be felt from the listener's feet.

[0056] The spherical screen 10 has acoustic properties that cause sound waves to converge towards the center of the sphere. Due to this convergence effect, viewers positioned near the center of the spherical screen 10 can experience a three-dimensional sound experience where sound envelops them from all directions. In particular, the reflection and convergence of sound waves emitted from multiple sound sources on the spherical surface enables the realization of three-dimensional sound effects that are difficult to achieve in a normal two-dimensional acoustic space.

[0057] Furthermore, by distributing the sound devices between the upper hemisphere 11 and the lower hemisphere 12, the directivity of the sound can be controlled. In other words, by independently controlling the first sound device 41 and the second sound device 42, it becomes possible to control the spatial position of the sound source in three dimensions. For example, it is possible to realize sound effects that move the sound source from top to bottom or bottom to top in accordance with the video. In addition, in order to provide a uniform sound effect regardless of the viewer's position, it is also possible to individually adjust the volume and phase of each sound device. In particular, because the mesh support member 20 has excellent sound transmission properties, the sound from the upper hemisphere 11 and the sound from the lower hemisphere 12 do not interfere with each other and are naturally combined at the viewer's position. As a result, the viewer can easily perceive the entire spherical screen 10 as a unified sound space without feeling any acoustic division caused by the mesh support member 20. In this way, by utilizing the characteristics of the spherical screen 10 and the mesh support member 20 to create three-dimensional sound, the auditory immersion can be greatly improved.

[0058] The video display system 100 further includes a viewing room 50 and a corridor 60. These facilities allow all viewers, regardless of physical limitations, to enjoy the video experience on the spherical screen 10.

[0059] As shown in Figure 1, the viewing room 50 is a space dedicated to observation located outside the spherical screen 10. The viewing room 50 is provided for viewers who have difficulty directly entering the inside of the spherical screen 10. Specifically, the presence of this viewing room 50 allows people such as wheelchair users, those with mobility impairments, those who are unsure about standing or walking on the mesh support members 20, or those with psychological constraints such as claustrophobia or acrophobia, to safely and comfortably view the images inside the spherical screen 10.

[0060] The viewing room 50 is installed adjacent to the spherical screen 10, and the viewing room 50 and the spherical screen 10 are connected through a window 51. This window 51 is positioned and sized appropriately so that the image projected onto the inner surface of the spherical screen 10 can be viewed from the viewing room 50. In this embodiment, the window 51 is fitted with a plate material such as tempered glass or acrylic that has high transparency and low distortion, ensuring visual transparency.

[0061] Furthermore, since the image light from the projection means 30 is also projected onto the panel material of the window section 51, an optical filter, such as a translucent projection film, is attached to the panel material. The translucent projection film diffuses the image light projected by the projection means 30 while maintaining appropriate transparency, ensuring visibility from the viewing room 50 side. This filter suppresses visibility into the viewing room 50 from the spherical screen 10 side, improving the visibility of the image. On the other hand, the image projected into the spherical screen 10 can be seen more clearly from the viewing room 50 side.

[0062] Figure 4 schematically shows the entrance / exit 13 to the spherical screen 10 and the passageway 60 leading to the viewing room 50. As shown in Figure 4, the passageway 60 is connected to the entrance / exit 13 of the spherical screen 10 and the viewing room 50, and constitutes a path for spectators to access the spherical screen 10 from ground level to the height where the mesh support members 20 are installed. In this embodiment, the passageway 60 is composed of slopes (or stairs) arranged spirally around the spherical screen 10. This spiral structure makes it possible to secure the necessary height difference within a limited installation area.

[0063] The spiral walkway 60 reduces the burden on spectators walking due to its gentle slope. Specifically, the slope of the walkway 60 is preferably set to about 2 to 12 degrees, and particularly preferably to 8 degrees or less. This makes it possible to easily access the height of the entrance 13 of the spherical screen 10. The radius of curvature of the spiral walkway 60 is set according to the size of the spherical screen 10, and for example, the radius of curvature can be about 10 to 15 meters. The pitch of the spiral (height rise per rotation) should be set to about 3 to 5 meters.

[0064] The passageway 60 also functions as a path to allow viewers to adapt their eyes to the dark environment on their way to the inside of the spherical screen 10, which is the performance space. The passageway 60 is set in a dark environment. The total length of the passageway 60 is preferably 80m or more, more preferably 100m or more, and particularly preferably 120m or more, from the viewpoint of ensuring the walking time necessary for viewers to adapt to darkness and color. On the other hand, considering the burden on viewers to walk, the total length of the passageway 60 is preferably 300m or less, and more preferably 200m or less. In this embodiment, the total length of the passageway 60 is, for example, about 80 to 200 meters, and the time required for viewers to pass through the passageway 60 is about 1 to 3 minutes on foot.

[0065] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the passageway 60 from the viewer's perspective. As shown in Figure 5, the passageway 60 forms a tunnel-like space enclosed by the floor surface 61, the left wall surface 62, the right wall surface 63, and the ceiling surface 64. Inside the passageway 60, there is a handrail 65 to assist the viewer in walking, and multiple lighting fixtures 66 are arranged at regular intervals along the passageway 60. The lighting fixtures 66 emit colored light and serve to guide the viewer in walking within the passageway. The interior of the passageway 60 is illuminated only by the colored light from the lighting fixtures 66, making the entire passageway a dimly lit space.

[0066] The illuminance within the passageway 60 is set to a low value from the viewpoint of effectively promoting dark adaptation by the viewer. Specifically, when the passageway 60 is illuminated by lighting fixtures 66, the illuminance measured at a height of 1.5 meters from the floor surface 61 is preferably 20 lux or less, more preferably 10 lux or less, and particularly preferably 5 lux or less. Here, a height of 1.5 meters corresponds to the approximate eye level of an adult viewer. For measuring the illuminance, a general-purpose Class A or higher illuminance meter as specified in JIS C 1609 is used. The method of measuring the illuminance should be in accordance with the illuminance measurement method specified in JIS C 7612. The measurement point is preferably the midpoint between two adjacent lighting fixtures 66 in the longitudinal direction of the passageway 60. Since the illuminance is locally high at the position directly above the lighting fixtures 66, the measurement value at the midpoint between the lighting fixtures 66 is used as the representative value of the illuminance within the passageway 60. This illuminance is measured with the lighting fixture 66 illuminated and the emergency exit signs turned off (or in a position unaffected by light from the emergency exit signs).

[0067] It should be noted that the above illuminance is significantly lower than that of a typical indoor corridor (50-100 lux recommended by JIS Z 9110). At this illuminance level, it is difficult to read text, but the colored light from the lighting fixture 66 makes the outlines of the floor surface 61 and walls 62 and 63 visible, allowing visitors to walk safely.

[0068] The floor surface 61 constitutes the bottom surface of the passageway 60 through which spectators walk. In this embodiment, the floor surface 61 is formed as an upward slope that rises toward the entrance 13 of the spherical screen 10, which is the performance space. The gradient of the floor surface 61 is set from the viewpoint of reducing the burden on spectators walking while naturally guiding their gaze downward. Specifically, the gradient of the floor surface 61 is preferably in the range of 2 to 12 degrees, and more preferably in the range of 3 to 8 degrees. If the gradient is less than 2 degrees, the effect of guiding the spectators' gaze downward will be diminished, and the total length of the passageway 60 will become excessively long in order to secure the predetermined height difference. On the other hand, if the gradient exceeds 12 degrees, the burden on spectators walking will increase, and it may become difficult to walk, especially for the elderly and spectators with physical limitations. It is preferable that the floor surface 61 be a continuous slope, but it is also possible to provide partially horizontal landings to take into consideration the ease of walking for spectators. Furthermore, the surface of the floor surface 61 may be treated with an anti-slip finish to ensure safe walking for spectators. For anti-slip treatment, methods such as forming fine irregularities on the surface of the floor 61, laying a rubber-based or resin-based anti-slip sheet, or applying an anti-slip coating can be employed.

[0069] The left wall 62, the right wall 63, and the ceiling 64 are surfaces that surround the interior space of the passageway 60 and play a role in maintaining a dark environment within the passageway 60. In this embodiment, the left wall 62, the right wall 63, and the ceiling 64 are formed in a dark color. Here, a dark color refers to a color that absorbs most of the incident light and has low reflectivity. Specifically, the lightness L* value in the CIE L*a*b* color space of the surfaces of the walls 62, 63, and the ceiling 64 is preferably 30 or less, more preferably 20 or less, and particularly preferably 10 or less. For example, black, dark gray, dark blue, etc. fall into this category. By making the walls 62, 63, and the ceiling 64 dark, the reflection of colored light emitted from the lighting fixtures 66 from the walls and ceiling and its diffusion into the passageway is suppressed. As a result, the light that enters the viewer's field of vision is almost limited to direct light from the lighting fixtures 66, and the effect of color adaptation is further enhanced. Furthermore, as surface finishes for the wall surfaces 62, 63 and ceiling surface 64, for example, a paint with excellent light absorption properties, application of a dark-colored fabric with a napped surface, or installation of a light-absorbing panel with a fine uneven structure can be employed. In particular, the visible light absorption rate of the wall and ceiling surfaces is preferably 90% or higher, and more preferably 96% or higher.

[0070] The handrail 65 is an auxiliary device for safely walking within the dark passageway 60 and is installed on the side of the passageway 60. In the example shown in Figure 5, the handrail 65 is attached to the left wall 62 and the right wall 63 of the passageway 60. However, the arrangement of the handrail 65 is not limited to this, and it may be attached to only one of the left wall 62 or the right wall 63. The handrail 65 is preferably installed at a height of approximately 600 to 1100 mm from the floor 61, and more preferably at approximately 800 to 1000 mm. The handrail 65 is preferably installed continuously along the longitudinal direction of the passageway 60. It is also preferable that the handrail 65 itself does not emit light.

[0071] Furthermore, the passageway 60 includes a curved path such that the entrance / exit 13 of the spherical screen 10, which is the performance space, cannot be seen from the entrance of the passageway. As shown in Figure 5, inside the passageway 60, the floor surface 61 and the walls 62, 63 are gently curved along the direction of travel, and the viewer's forward field of vision is obstructed by the walls. The curved section between the entrance of the passageway 60 and the entrance / exit 13 of the performance space prevents light from the performance space from directly reaching the entrance side of the passageway 60. As a result, a dark environment is ensured from the moment the viewer enters the passageway 60, and dark adaptation begins from the section on the entrance side of the passageway. The form of the curvature of the passageway is not particularly limited and can be, for example, L-shaped, U-shaped, S-shaped, crank-shaped, or spiral-shaped. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the passageway 60 is formed to spiral around the spherical screen 10. The radius of curvature of the curved path is preferably in the range of 8 to 20 meters, for example, to form a gentle curve.

[0072] Multiple lighting fixtures 66 are arranged at predetermined intervals along the passageway 60 and emit colored light to guide spectators in their movement and to promote color adaptation. The lighting fixtures 66 are installed near the floor surface 61 of the passageway 60. Specifically, the lighting fixtures 66 are installed at a height lower than the handrail 65 from the floor surface 61. The installation height of the lighting fixtures 66 from the floor surface 61 is preferably in the range of 50 to 500 mm, and more preferably in the range of 100 to 300 mm. By placing the lighting fixtures 66 at such a low position, the area around the spectators' feet is illuminated with colored light, allowing spectators to walk safely even in the dark environment of the passageway 60.

[0073] The spacing of the lighting fixtures 66 is set so that viewers can continuously perceive colored light while walking along the passageway 60. Specifically, the spacing between adjacent lighting fixtures 66 is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5 meters, and more preferably in the range of 1 to 3 meters. If the spacing is less than 0.5 meters, the number of lighting fixtures 66 will be excessive, increasing the illuminance in the passageway 60 and making it difficult to maintain a dark environment. On the other hand, if the spacing exceeds 5 meters, darkness will spread in the sections between the lighting fixtures 66, potentially causing viewers to lose their way, and the exposure to colored light will be intermittent, reducing the effect of color adaptation.

[0074] For the light source of the lighting fixture 66, it is preferable to use, for example, an LED (light-emitting diode). LEDs can emit light in a specific wavelength range with high efficiency, making them suitable for accurately generating colored light of a desired hue. In addition, LEDs have a long lifespan and low power consumption, making them suitable as light sources for lighting fixtures 66 that are installed in large numbers along the entire length of the passageway 60. Furthermore, since the emitted color of LEDs can be changed by electrical control, if the content of the performance in the performance space changes, the hue of the colored light of the lighting fixture 66 can be switched according to the content of the performance. For example, by mounting LEDs of each color (RGB: red, green, blue) in a single lighting fixture 66 and changing the output ratio of each color, it is possible to generate colored light of any hue. However, the light source of the lighting fixture 66 is not limited to LEDs; organic EL, cold cathode fluorescent lamps, or white light sources with filters may also be used.

[0075] The colored light emitted by the lighting fixture 66 is light of a color that does not fall into any of the light source color classifications specified in JIS Z 9112. In JIS Z 9112, light source colors are classified into the following five categories based on correlated color temperature: Incandescent color (correlated color temperature 2600K to 3250K), warm white (correlated color temperature over 3250K to 3800K), white (correlated color temperature over 3800K to 4500K), neutral white (correlated color temperature 4600K to 5500K), and daylight (correlated color temperature 5700K to 7100K). All of these are white-based lights located near the blackbody radiation trajectory (Planck locus), and are light that is difficult for the human eye to perceive as a specific hue. On the CIE1931 chromaticity diagram, the blackbody locus for these five color categories traces an arc from low color temperature (chromaticity coordinates around x≈0.48, y≈0.41) to high color temperature (chromaticity coordinates around x≈0.25, y≈0.25). In JIS Z 9112, for each of the above categories, the chromaticity range centered on the blackbody locus is defined as a quadrilateral chromaticity region, and if the chromaticity coordinates of a light source fall within one of the quadrilaterals, the light source color is classified into the corresponding category. The chromaticity regions of these white light sources are all located near the center of the CIE1931 chromaticity diagram.

[0076] On the other hand, the colored light in this invention is light that does not fall under the white light source color described above. That is, colored light is located outside the chromaticity range of the white light source color on the CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram and is clearly perceived by human vision as a specific hue such as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, or violet. It is preferable that the colored light emitted by all lighting fixtures 66 is unified to the same hue. If the hues differ for each lighting fixture, the viewer will perceive multiple colors while walking, and color adaptation to a specific hue will not proceed effectively. However, as long as the light emitted by each lighting fixture 66 is unified to the same hue range, some variation in saturation and brightness due to individual differences in the lighting fixtures 66 or changes over time is acceptable.

[0077] In this embodiment, the color of the colored light emitted by the lighting fixture 66 is blue. The dominant wavelength of the blue light is preferably in the range of 430 to 480 nm, and more preferably in the range of 450 to 470 nm. The reason for using blue is that red and yellow images are frequently used in the performance space (images within the spherical screen 10) in this embodiment. Blue is a color located on the opposite side of the color wheel from red and yellow, and when viewers enter the performance space after becoming color-adapted to the blue light in the passageway 60, red and yellow colors are perceived more vividly. However, the color of the colored light emitted by the lighting fixture 66 is not limited to blue. The hue of the colored light of the lighting fixture 66 should be appropriately selected according to the hue of the light used in the performance within the performance space. For example, if blue or green images are frequently used in the performance space, it is preferable to use red or orange as the colored light of the lighting fixture 66.

[0078] The color of the colored light emitted by the lighting fixture 66 can be quantitatively determined using the chromaticity coordinates (x,y) in the CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram or the hue angle h*ab in the CIE L*a*b* color space. The hue angle h*ab is an angle defined counterclockwise with the positive direction of the a* axis being 0 degrees, and approximately 0 degrees corresponds to red, 90 degrees to yellow, 180 degrees to green, and 270 degrees to blue. For example, in the case of blue light used in this embodiment, the hue angle h*ab is generally in the range of 240 to 300 degrees. Below, examples of the hues of colored light that can be used in the lighting fixture 66 are shown along with their hue angles h*ab and dominant wavelengths. ·Red: Hue angle h*ab=approx. 0~45 degrees (main wavelength: approx. 600~700nm) ·Orange: Hue angle h*ab=approx. 45~70 degrees (principal wavelength: approx. 590~620nm) ·Yellow: Hue angle h*ab=approx. 70~105 degrees (main wavelength: approx. 570~590nm) Green: Hue angle h*ab = approximately 105-195 degrees (dominant wavelength: approximately 500-570 nm) ·Blue: Hue angle h*ab=approx. 240~300 degrees (principal wavelength: approx. 430~480nm) • Purple: Hue angle h*ab = approximately 300-360 degrees (dominant wavelength: approximately 500-570 nm as the dominant wavelength of the complementary color) The above-mentioned hue angle and dominant wavelength are typical ranges, and the color of the colored light emitted by the lighting fixture 66 is not limited to these. The color of the colored light emitted by the lighting fixture 66 can be appropriately selected, for example, depending on the content of the performance in the performance space.

[0079] Furthermore, the hue of the colored light emitted by the lighting fixture 66 is preferably such that the absolute value of the difference in hue angle h*ab in the CIE L*a*b* color space is 90 degrees or more, more preferably 120 degrees or more, and particularly preferably 150 degrees or more, with respect to the hue of the light used for the performance in the performance space. When the difference in hue angle is 180 degrees, the color of the colored light emitted by the lighting fixture 66 corresponds to the complementary color of the light in the performance space. The larger the difference in hue angle, the greater the effect of vividly perceiving the color of the light used for the performance when viewers who have adapted to the colors in the passageway 60 enter the performance space. If multiple colors of light are used in the performance in the performance space, the color to be primarily used in the performance, or the color that the producer of the performance particularly wants to emphasize to the viewers, should be selected as a basis, and the hue of the colored light emitted by the lighting fixture 66 should be determined so that the difference in hue angle with respect to the hue of the selected color is within the above range. For example, if red and yellow images are frequently used throughout the entire production, and the producers particularly want to emphasize these warm colors, it is preferable to select blue (hue angle approximately 240-300 degrees), which has a larger difference in hue angle from red and yellow (hue angle approximately 0-105 degrees), as the colored light of the lighting fixture 66. In this embodiment, the hue angle of the blue light from the lighting fixture 66 is approximately 270 degrees, and the hue angle of the red images in the production space is approximately 0-20 degrees, so the difference in hue angles is approximately 250-270 degrees. Thus, the difference in hue angles is sufficiently large. Therefore, when viewers enter the production space after color-adapting to the blue light in the corridor 60, the red and yellow images are perceived more vividly.

[0080] The color of the colored light emitted by the luminaire 66 is measured in accordance with the method for measuring light source color specified in JIS Z 8724. A spectroradiometer is preferably used as the measuring device. A spectroradiometer measures the spectral distribution of light emitted from a light source and can calculate color parameters such as chromaticity coordinates (x,y), hue angle h*ab, and dominant wavelength. For measurement, the measurement is performed at a predetermined distance (e.g., 0.5 to 1.0 meters) from the light-emitting surface of the luminaire 66, from a direction directly facing the light-emitting surface of the luminaire 66. It is preferable that the measurement environment be a dark environment unaffected by light from other light sources besides the luminaire 66.

[0081] In addition to functioning as a path to guide viewers into the performance space, the passageway 60 also functions as an adaptation path that adapts viewers' vision to the dark environment of the performance space. Specifically, the passageway 60 provides viewers with two visual effects: dark adaptation and color adaptation. Dark adaptation is the phenomenon in which the human eye gradually adapts to darkness when moving from a bright environment to a dark environment, and sensitivity to light in dark places increases. Dark adaptation sufficient for viewers to fully perceive the light used in the performance is generally achieved by exposure to a dark environment for about 1 to 3 minutes. As mentioned above, the passageway 60 is set in a dark environment and has a length that allows viewers to walk for a sufficient amount of time, so dark adaptation proceeds naturally during walking. Color adaptation is the phenomenon in which, when continuously exposed to light of a particular color, sensitivity to that color decreases, and after the exposure is removed, the complementary color (the color opposite on the color wheel) is perceived as relatively emphasized. This phenomenon in which the complementary color is perceived as an afterimage is called a color afterimage or complementary color afterimage. In the passageway 60, the colored light from the lighting fixture 66 is the only substantial light source, so viewers are continuously exposed to the colored light while walking, promoting color adaptation. By utilizing this color afterimage effect and setting the hue of the colored light from the lighting fixture 66 to near the complementary color of the color to be emphasized in the performance space, the colors of the performance can be perceived more vividly when viewers enter the performance space.

[0082] Furthermore, the shape of the passageway 60 is designed to enhance the effects of the aforementioned dark adaptation and color adaptation. Because the passageway 60 has an upward slope, the viewer's gaze is naturally directed downwards, ensuring that the colored light from the lighting fixtures 66 positioned near the floor surface 61 enters their field of vision more reliably. Additionally, because the passageway 60 includes a spiral path, the view ahead is always blocked by the walls, preventing light from the performance space from leaking into the passageway, thus maintaining a dark environment throughout its entire length. In this way, the placement of the colored light-emitting lighting fixtures 66, the upward slope, and the spiral path work together to effectively promote the viewer's dark adaptation and color adaptation.

[0083] Furthermore, emergency exit signs are installed in passageway 60 in accordance with the Fire Service Act. Examples of emergency exit signs include exit signs and passageway signs. Although the emergency exit signs are illuminated even during normal operation, their luminous area and brightness are limited, and they have little impact on the dark environment within passageway 60 or on the color adaptation of viewers.

[0084] Furthermore, lighting devices (not shown) may be installed in the passageway 60 for use during maintenance or emergencies. Examples of such lighting devices include emergency lighting devices based on the Building Standards Act and work lights for maintenance and inspection. These lighting devices are turned off during normal operation and are only turned on during maintenance or emergencies such as power outages. In other words, during normal operation, the only lights emitting light in the passageway 60 are the multiple colored light-emitting lighting fixtures 66 and the evacuation guide lights.

[0085] Next, the control system of the video display system 100 will be described. The video display system 100 further includes a control device 70 for controlling the projection devices 31, 32 and sound devices 41, 42 mentioned above. The control device 70 mainly generates and controls the video projected onto the spherical screen 10 in real time. Figure 6 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the control device 70. The control device 70 integrally controls the projection devices 31, 32 (projection means 30), sound devices 41, 42 (sound means 40), and imaging device 80 to realize high-quality video display and sound effects.

[0086] As shown in Figure 6, the control device 70 includes a control unit 71, a drawing unit 72, and a storage unit 73. The control device 70 may be implemented by a single computer or by multiple computers. If the control device 70 consists of multiple computers, each computer may be connected by wired or wireless connections, and may be connected via a network such as the Internet.

[0087] The control unit 71 is a central control device that provides overall control over the operation of the entire video display system 100. The control unit 71 is composed of a processor, such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The control unit 71 reads application programs (computer programs) stored in the memory unit 73 and performs control processing for each device, such as the projection devices 31, 32, sound devices 41, 42, and imaging device 80, according to these application programs. The control unit 71 can also write and read information from each device and the results of control processing to and from the memory unit 73 as appropriate.

[0088] The drawing unit 72 is a dedicated processing unit for generating images to be projected onto the spherical screen 10 in real time. The drawing unit 72 is composed of, for example, a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) or a dedicated image processing processor. The drawing unit 72 can generate complex three-dimensional images in real time through high-speed parallel processing. The drawing unit 72 reads the image generation program stored in the memory unit 73 and performs control of virtual moving objects in the virtual space and image synthesis processing according to this program.

[0089] The memory unit 73 is an element for storing various types of information used in processing by the control unit 71 and the drawing unit 72. Specifically, the memory unit 73 stores an application program that enables a general-purpose computer to function as the control device 70 in the video display system 100 according to the present invention. The storage function of the memory unit 73 can be realized by non-volatile memory such as an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) and an SSD (Solid State Drive). The memory unit 73 may also have the function of a memory for writing or reading intermediate results of calculation processing by the control unit 71 and the drawing unit 72, as well as virtual space data, texture data, sound data, etc. The memory function of the memory unit 73 can be realized by volatile memory such as RAM (Random Access Memory) and DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory).

[0090] The imaging device 80 is a device for capturing mapping markers 15 that are regularly arranged on the spherical screen 10 and acquiring positional information necessary for projection mapping. The imaging device 80 does not need to be permanently installed on the spherical screen 10; one or more units can be installed in appropriate positions only when capturing the mapping markers 15, and the entire inner surface of the spherical screen 10 can be captured. A CCD camera or a CMOS camera can be used as the imaging device 80.

[0091] Furthermore, image data acquired by the imaging device 80 is transmitted to the control unit 71, where the position coordinates of the mapping markers 15 are determined through image analysis processing. If the mapping markers 15 are composed of LEDs, the imaging device 80 can capture the illuminated state of the markers 15 at predetermined timings and detect the coordinates of the illuminated positions with high precision. By comparing the detected marker position information with the designed marker placement information, the control unit 71 can accurately grasp the actual shape changes of the spherical screen 10 and the deviations in the projection positions of each projection device. Based on this position information, the control unit 71 performs geometric correction processing on the images from each projection device, automatically correcting distortions and positional deviations of the images on the inner surface of the spherical screen 10. By performing such calibration processing, images can be accurately projected from the projection devices onto the inner surface of the spherical screen 10.

[0092] Next, with reference to Figure 7, an example of a method for generating images to be projected onto the spherical screen 10 will be described. Examples of image generation methods include a method using multiple virtual cameras on a single processing unit (PC) (1PC multiple camera method) and a method using one virtual camera on a single processing unit (PC) (1PC 1 camera method: distributed processing method). First, the 1PC multiple camera method will be explained. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the concepts of coordinate systems and virtual camera systems in virtual space, specifically showing the 1PC multiple camera method. The control device 70 can generate images to be projected onto the spherical screen 10 in real time by moving virtual moving objects within the virtual space.

[0093] As shown in Figure 7, the control device 70 places a virtual moving object in a three-dimensional virtual space represented in world coordinates (X, Y, Z) and moves this virtual moving object along a predetermined trajectory. The virtual moving object is an object equipped with multiple virtual cameras with different viewpoints. In this embodiment, the virtual moving object has the shape of a regular hexahedron (cube), and a total of six virtual cameras are attached, one to each of its six faces (front, back, left, right, top, and bottom). Each virtual camera is oriented perpendicular to each face of the regular hexahedron (normal direction) and has a predetermined field of view. Preferably, each virtual camera has a field of view of about 100 to 120 degrees in the horizontal and vertical directions in order to cover the entire sphere without gaps. For example, by fixing the field of view of each camera to 90 degrees, it is possible to obtain a seamless 360-degree image by seamlessly connecting the images of adjacent cameras without creating overlapping areas with adjacent cameras. Alternatively, overlapping areas may be secured between adjacent virtual cameras. Specifically, four side cameras (front, back, left, and right) cover 360 degrees horizontally, while the top and bottom cameras cover the vertices of the upper and lower hemispheres, respectively. The overlapping areas of the side and top / bottom cameras allow for complete vertical coverage of 180 degrees. By combining the field of view of these six virtual cameras, a complete 360° x 180° image centered on the virtual moving object can be obtained without any gaps.

[0094] Each virtual camera captures virtual objects and background images placed in the virtual space, generating image data from different viewpoints. The rendering unit 72 synthesizes the image data acquired by these six virtual cameras in real time to generate a 360-degree image that conforms to the shape of the spherical screen 10. As mentioned above, it is preferable to avoid creating overlapping areas between adjacent cameras and to seamlessly connect the images from adjacent cameras. However, if overlapping areas are created, appropriate blending processing may be applied during this synthesis process to maintain continuity of color tone and brightness at the image boundaries of adjacent virtual cameras.

[0095] The movement control of the virtual moving object is automatically executed based on a pre-set scenario (algorithm). The control unit 71 moves the virtual moving object along a predetermined trajectory in the virtual space, providing viewers with a video experience from various viewpoints. For example, in a virtual space that simulates outer space, by moving the virtual moving object along a trajectory that rotates around virtual objects such as planets or meteorites, it is possible to generate a video that allows viewers to observe the entire circumference of these virtual objects.

[0096] In the image generation process by the rendering unit 72, first, a field of view transformation process is performed on 3D objects in the virtual space based on the position coordinates (Xc, Yc, Zc) and orientation (rotation angle) of each virtual camera. Next, a projection transformation process is performed to convert the field-of-view transformed 3D coordinate data into a 2D screen coordinate system (U, V). The image data generated by each of the six virtual cameras is then subjected to integrated synthesis processing in the rendering unit 72. Specifically, adaptive blending processing is applied to overlapping regions between adjacent virtual cameras so that the image boundaries are naturally connected. In this blending process, the color value of each pixel in the overlapping region is calculated by weighted averaging of images from adjacent cameras, thereby eliminating discontinuities in hue and brightness.

[0097] Next, the drawing unit 72 performs spherical mapping processing to unfold the planar image data from the six cameras into a spherical coordinate system. In this process, the image from each camera is projected onto the corresponding area on the sphere to generate a complete 360-degree spherical image (panoramic image). In spherical mapping, a coordinate transformation is performed between the latitude-longitude coordinate system of the sphere and the planar coordinate system of each camera to appropriately correct image distortion. A concrete example of this spherical mapping processing is a technique called cube mapping. In cube mapping, the image data generated by each of the six virtual cameras is pasted onto a virtual sphere based on the angle of each camera, thereby recording images from all directions viewed from the viewpoint as a single data structure. Depending on the shape and range of the projection surface handled by the processing unit, it may not be necessary to create a cube map using all six virtual cameras. For example, if the projection surface covers only a limited range in front of the viewpoint, it may be sufficient to create a cube map covering only the area in front using only three virtual cameras: one facing forward and two virtual cameras positioned to its left and right. Since the number of virtual cameras used to create the cube map directly affects the system's processing performance, it is preferable that the drawing unit 72 analyzes the shape and range of the projection surface and automatically determines the number of virtual cameras required to create the cube map.

[0098] Furthermore, the drawing unit 72 performs spherical correction processing to adapt the generated 360-degree image data to the actual shape of the spherical screen 10. In this correction processing, the position of each pixel in the image is appropriately converted based on parameters such as the radius of the spherical screen 10, the installation position of each projection device, and the projection angle. More specifically, the spherical screen 10 is composed of multiple projection surfaces, and each projection surface is modeled in three dimensions. The drawing unit 72 uses the three-dimensional model of the projection surface it is responsible for to perform coordinate calculations, thereby identifying the corresponding coordinate position on the 360-degree image data (e.g., cube map) generated by the aforementioned spherical mapping processing, and generates an image to be projected onto the projection surface by sampling the image data at that location. In this embodiment, one processing unit (PC) is responsible for one projection surface, and several projectors (first projection device 31 or second projection device 32) are connected to each processing unit. Each processing unit assigns and outputs a responsible area in the generated projection surface image for each projector based on the area that the projector actually projects.

[0099] Finally, the drawing unit 72 transmits the generated projection surface image to the corresponding projection device. The multiple projection surfaces constituting the spherical screen 10 are arranged to overlap each other, and appropriate blending is performed in the overlapping areas. As a result, the image projected onto the inner surface of the spherical screen 10 is perceived as a natural, distortion-free, continuous image that is seamlessly connected from the viewer's perspective and free from perspective distortion.

[0100] Next, we will explain the single-camera method. The video generation process by the control device 70 can also employ a 1PC1-camera method (distributed processing method), where each processing unit handles only one virtual camera, unlike the method described above where one processing unit handles all six virtual cameras. This single-camera method shares the same basic configuration as the aforementioned cubemap method, where the spherical screen 10 is divided into multiple projection surfaces, one processing unit (PC) is responsible for one projection surface, and several projectors are connected to each processing unit. This single-camera method (distributed processing method) is particularly effective when the projection surface is appropriately divided and each part is processed by an individual processing unit, offering the advantage of generating high-quality video while suppressing the rendering load on each processing unit. The following will explain this distributed processing method in detail.

[0101] This single-camera system (distributed processing system) is used when the shape and range of the projection surface are limited and can be adequately covered by a single virtual camera. First, the entire projection surface of the spherical screen 10 is appropriately divided into multiple projection surface areas. Each projection surface area is handled by an independent processing unit (e.g., a PC). For example, by dividing the spherical screen 10 into an upper hemisphere 11 and a lower hemisphere 12, and further dividing each hemisphere into 4 to 8 areas horizontally, a total of 8 to 16 projection surface areas can be set. Each processing unit is responsible for generating the image corresponding to the projection surface area it is in charge of. The rendering unit 72 performs rendering with a single virtual camera and generates a single image. This image is not composed of multiple images like a cubemap, but is a simple single image in which the rendering result of one camera is drawn over the entire image. Then, similar to the cubemap system, coordinate calculations are performed from the 3D model of the projection surface, the coordinates of the part corresponding to the projection surface are obtained, and an image for the projection surface is created by sampling from the generated image. The subsequent processing flow is the same as the cubemap system described above. Thus, the single-camera method renders fewer cameras compared to the cubemap method (multiple-camera method). Although the system as a whole will have multiple virtual cameras due to the use of the system's processing units, each processing unit only needs to process one virtual camera, thus improving the performance of each individual processing unit. However, depending on the shape of the projection surface, it may be necessary to increase the field of view to cover the entire projection surface with a single camera. Increasing the field of view increases the difference in resolution between locations in the final projected image, which is undesirable. Therefore, generally, the cubemap method is used for large projection areas, and the single-camera method is used for limited, narrow projection areas, optimizing both processing performance and projected image quality. By using these two methods appropriately, optimal results can be obtained for projection areas of any shape.

[0102] In each processing unit, the rendering unit 72 sets up one virtual camera at the viewpoint position (position of the virtual moving object) within the world coordinate system (X, Y, Z) of the virtual space shown in Figure 7. The shooting direction of this virtual camera is fixed to the direction of the projection plane area it is responsible for. For example, if a certain processing unit is responsible for the projection plane area on the left, the virtual camera in that processing unit is set to always shoot the space to the left of the viewpoint's front direction. Even if the virtual moving object moves within the virtual space and faces various directions, the virtual camera in each processing unit continues to shoot the space in the relative direction it is responsible for. The difference between this distributed processing method and the aforementioned 1PC multiple camera method (a method in which one processing unit processes six virtual cameras simultaneously) is that the entire system renders all directions simultaneously, whereas each processing unit renders only the direction it is responsible for.

[0103] The drawing unit 72 uses image data captured by the virtual camera to perform projection processing within the virtual space. Specifically, the virtual camera is treated like a projector, and the captured image is projected onto the projection surface area in the direction (for example, the left side) relative to the viewpoint in the virtual space. This projection processing determines the image data corresponding to each position in the projection surface area within the virtual space. This projection surface area has a three-dimensional shape (part of a sphere), and if this shape is reproduced exactly on the corresponding area of ​​the spherical screen 10 in the real world, accurate image projection is achieved.

[0104] Next, the drawing unit 72 performs a process to flatten the image data of the three-dimensional projection surface area. In this flattening process, the three-dimensional projection surface is unfolded into a plane based on a UV coordinate system (a two-dimensional coordinate system for texture mapping) that is pre-set for the three-dimensional model of the projection surface area. Through this UV unfolding process, the projection surface area, which is part of a sphere, is represented as a rectangular or other appropriate shaped planar image. The drawing unit 72 outputs this UV-unfolded planar image from the video generation software (hereinafter referred to as the "first video processing software").

[0105] The UV-unwrapped planar image output from the first image processing software is transmitted to separate software for projection control (hereinafter referred to as "second image processing software"). The second image processing software adjusts the received planar image so that it can be accurately output to the corresponding projection area on the spherical screen 10 in the real world via multiple projection devices 31, 32. This adjustment process includes geometric correction based on parameters such as the installation position of each projection device, the projection angle, and the shape of the projection surface. By separating the image generation process and the projection control process in this way, the overall processing efficiency and flexibility of the system are improved.

[0106] In this distributed processing method, the drawing unit 72 of each processing unit carefully calculates the shooting range of the virtual camera based on the three-dimensional shape of the projection area it is responsible for and its relative position from the viewpoint. Of particular importance is the optimization of the field of view of the virtual camera. The drawing unit 72 automatically calculates the minimum field of view necessary to cover the projection area it is responsible for without any omissions. The smaller the field of view, the higher the resolution of the central part of the captured image can be maintained, so it is desirable to keep the field of view to the minimum necessary. On the other hand, if the field of view is large, the peripheral part of the captured image is stretched, and the resolution decreases compared to the central part. Therefore, selecting the smallest possible field of view within the range that can cover the projection area is important for achieving uniform image quality.

[0107] Furthermore, the rendering unit 72 applies lens shift technology to optimize the positional relationship between the projection area and the camera. If the center of the projection area is aligned with the shooting center of the virtual camera, the projection area and the virtual camera may not be directly facing each other. In this case, the image of the part of the projection area closer to the virtual camera will appear larger, and the image of the part further away will appear smaller. While this difference in image size due to distance is not a problem for expressing a correct sense of perspective, it results in a difference in resolution within the projection area, causing a decrease in resolution in the distant areas. Therefore, the rendering unit 72 positions the virtual camera so that it is directly facing the projection area, and then calculates and applies lens shift parameters to cover the part of the projection area that extends beyond the shooting range of the virtual camera. Lens shift is a technology that translates the shooting range without physically moving the optical axis of the camera. By using this lens shift, it is possible to cover the entire projection area with the minimum angle of view while maintaining a direct facing state with the projection area. This makes it possible to achieve uniform resolution at any point in the projection area.

[0108] The projection area is typically composed of multiple planes, each with different areas and orientations. The rendering unit 72 determines the optimal camera orientation so that the virtual camera faces all of these planes as directly as possible. Specifically, it calculates a representative orientation for the entire projection area by weighting the normal directions of each plane that make up the projection area according to the area of ​​each plane and averaging them. By orienting the virtual camera in this calculated direction, the most balanced image can be captured for the entire projection area. A mechanism has been established to optimize the camera angle, field of view, and lens shift parameters through automatic calculations based on the shape data of the projection area.

[0109] Furthermore, in this distributed processing method, if the projection area handled by a particular processing unit is extensive and cannot be covered by a single virtual camera, that processing unit may automatically switch to a method using multiple virtual cameras (1PC multiple camera method). In principle, if the projection area cannot be covered without widening the field of view to 180 degrees or more, it is difficult for a single virtual camera to handle the situation, and it becomes necessary to use multiple virtual cameras. In such cases, the control device 70 analyzes the shape and range of the projection area and automatically determines whether to switch the processing unit to the multiple camera method.

[0110] When switching to multiple virtual camera systems, the field of view of each virtual camera is fixed at 90 degrees. Image data captured by each virtual camera is pasted onto a cubemap (a mapping format consisting of six images corresponding to each face of a cube) according to its shooting direction. If all six virtual cameras are used, video data covering the entire sphere (360 degrees x 180 degrees) is obtained. However, depending on the shape of the projection surface area, it is not always necessary to use all six virtual cameras. For example, in some cases, the projection surface area can be covered with only three virtual cameras: upward, forward, and left. The control device 70 calculates and identifies the virtual cameras in the necessary directions based on the three-dimensional shape of the projection surface area and its relative position from the viewpoint, and performs rendering processing only for those cameras. This omits rendering processing in unnecessary directions, reducing the rendering load on the processing device. The image data pasted onto the cubemap is projected onto the projection surface area in the virtual space, as described above, and then UV unwrapped and output.

[0111] In a distributed processing system using multiple processing units, blending is performed to make the seams in the image less noticeable at the boundaries between adjacent projection surface areas. However, this blending is not performed during the image generation process by the first image processing software. Blending is performed when the second image processing software receives the image data and actually projects it through the projection devices 31 and 32. Specifically, adjacent projection surface areas are set to overlap in advance, and the projection ranges of each projection device 31 and 32 are also adjusted to overlap. Then, by applying a process that gradually reduces the brightness of the image as it approaches the edges of each projection surface area, natural blending is achieved in the overlapping areas. Note that in the first image processing software, whether multiple virtual cameras are used or only one virtual camera is used, at the time of output after rendering, the image of the area in charge is already a single connected image. The blending process in the second image processing software is for smoothly connecting the images of each projection surface area generated in this way at the boundaries between projection devices.

[0112] Furthermore, the drawing unit 72 can perform post-effect processing to add additional visual effects to the generated image. This post-effect processing includes, for example, color correction, brightness adjustment, contrast enhancement, bloom effect, motion blur, depth of field effect, etc. The post-effect processing is applied to the final output planar image. In particular, when using multiple virtual cameras within a single processing unit, if post-effect processing is performed individually on the images generated by each virtual camera, discontinuities in the effects at the boundaries become noticeable when the images are joined together using a cubemap. Therefore, it is preferable to apply the post-effect processing collectively to the final output image after integrating images from multiple cameras and undergoing UV unwrapping. This makes it possible to achieve a uniform and natural visual effect across the entire projection surface area.

[0113] As described above, there are two methods for image generation processing by the control device 70: one in which a single processing unit processes multiple virtual cameras simultaneously, and a distributed processing method in which multiple processing units each process only one virtual camera. In either method, the control device 70 has multiple virtual cameras facing different shooting directions at the viewpoint of a virtual moving object moving in the virtual space. Then, by combining or integrating multiple images from different viewpoints acquired by these multiple virtual cameras, it generates an image for projection onto the spherical screen 10. Thus, the basic principle of acquiring images from different directions using multiple virtual cameras and integrating them to generate a 360-degree image is common to both methods. The control device 70 can appropriately select or combine these two methods depending on the size of the projection surface area, the number of processing units, the required image quality, the system load, etc. This allows for flexible adaptation to image display systems 100 of various sizes and configurations.

[0114] The control device 70 is capable of arranging virtual objects in a hierarchical structure within the virtual space. For example, the virtual space is divided into three layers—a near-field layer, a mid-field layer, and a far-field layer—according to the distance from the center of the virtual space, and virtual objects are placed in each layer. For example, a certain type of virtual object can be divided and placed in the near-field layer, the mid-field layer, and the far-field layer. For example, by placing a virtual object such as a rock in all three layers, the viewer can compare sizes according to the distance, thereby gaining a sense of depth. It is also possible to change the type of virtual object placed in each layer. For example, the near-field layer may include dynamic objects such as flower petals, clouds, and schools of fish placed around a moving virtual object. The mid-field layer may include medium-sized objects such as buildings, terrain, and large creatures. The far-field layer may include background objects such as mountain ranges, seas of clouds, and celestial bodies.

[0115] Furthermore, the drawing unit 72 preferably performs collision detection processing between the virtual moving body and virtual objects, and performs a pre-set reaction process for virtual objects that are detected to have collided with the virtual moving body. For example, if the virtual moving body comes into contact with a petal object in the nearby layer, it generates an effect of petals scattering, providing the viewer with a visual interactive experience. In addition, if the virtual moving body comes into contact with a school of fish, it may perform an action of the fish scattering, or if the virtual moving body comes into contact with a cloud, it may perform an action of the cloud dispersing, and various reaction patterns can be implemented depending on the type of object. The control device 70 may also perform sound effects, such as outputting a predetermined sound effect, when the virtual moving body comes into contact with a virtual object.

[0116] Furthermore, the drawing unit 72 draws linear or dotted images that are regularly arranged as background images of the virtual space. Specifically, grid-like lines, dotted constellation patterns, or geometrically arranged line segments are fixedly placed in the background. These background images function as visual reference points that guide the viewer's gaze, and have the effect of making the viewer perceive changes in viewpoint accompanying the movement of the virtual moving object more clearly. In particular, dotted constellations placed in the distance act like vanishing points of the line of sight, greatly enhancing the viewer's sense of moving in three-dimensional space. It has been confirmed that the presence of these background elements significantly improves the sense of floating compared to the case where only a simple background color is used.

[0117] The control device 70 can perform the aforementioned real-time video generation process at a high frame rate of 30 to 120 frames per second. This allows for smooth representation of changes in the video accompanying the movement of virtual moving objects, providing viewers with a natural and immersive video experience. Furthermore, the control device 70 can operate multiple drawing units 72 in parallel, enabling the execution of computationally intensive video generation processes in real time.

[0118] Furthermore, the control device 70, in cooperation with the projection means 30 and the sound means 40, can also provide three-dimensional sound effects synchronized with the content of the video. For example, it can increase the volume when a virtual moving object approaches a sound source (a virtual object that emits sound) in the virtual space, and decrease the volume when it moves away, thereby realizing sound effects that respond to the distance from the virtual object. This integrated control of video and sound can give viewers a greater sense of immersion.

[0119] In this specification, embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings in order to express the content of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and includes modifications and improvements that are obvious to those skilled in the art based on the matters described in this specification. [Explanation of symbols]

[0120] 10…Spherical screen 11…Upper hemisphere 12...Lower hemisphere section 13...Entrance / exit 14…Hatch 15…Mapping marker 16...Panel component 16a...Perforated panel 16b…shading curtain 16c…board 16d... Bolt 20... Mesh support member 21...Net member 22...Fixing tool 30...Projection means 31...First projection device 32...Second projection device 40...Acoustic means 41...First sound device 42...Second sound device 50...Viewing room 51...Window area 60…Aisle 61…Floor surface 62...Left wall 63...Right wall 64...Ceiling surface 65...Handrail 66...Lighting fixtures 70...Control devices 71...Control unit 72...Drawing unit 73...Memory unit 80...Imaging device 100…Video display system

Claims

1. An indoor passageway structure leading to a performance space where lighting effects are used in a dark environment, A passageway over 80 meters long set in a dark environment, The system includes multiple lighting fixtures arranged along the aforementioned passageway, The aforementioned multiple lighting fixtures emit colored light that does not fall under any of the light source color classifications specified in JIS Z 9112. Passage structure.

2. The colored light emitted by the aforementioned multiple lighting fixtures is of the same hue. The passage structure according to claim 1.

3. The aforementioned passageway is not illuminated by any lighting devices other than the aforementioned multiple lighting fixtures, except for the emergency exit signs. The passage structure according to claim 2.

4. The aforementioned passageway, when illuminated by the aforementioned multiple lighting fixtures, has an illuminance of 20 lux or less measured at a height of 1.5 meters from the floor. The passage structure according to claim 1.

5. The aforementioned passageway includes a curved path such that the performance space cannot be seen from the entrance of the passageway. The passage structure according to claim 1.

6. The aforementioned passage includes a spiral path, The passage structure according to claim 1.

7. The aforementioned passage has an upward slope that rises toward the performance space. The passage structure according to claim 1.

8. The color of the colored light emitted by the aforementioned plurality of lighting fixtures is a hue that is 90 degrees or more away on the color wheel from the hue of the light used for the performance in the aforementioned performance space. The passage structure according to claim 1.

9. A performance facility that forms a performance space in which light effects are performed in a dark environment, and a performance system comprising an indoor passageway structure leading to the performance space, The aforementioned passage structure is the passage structure described in claim 1. Production system.

Images