Floorboards with a removable and connectable assembly system
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- デショーム
- Filing Date
- 2022-04-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-05
Smart Images

Figure 0007901149000001 
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a floorboard provided with an assembly system that is removably connected.
Background Art
[0002] There are various types of floorboards known in the industry, such as artificial floors and solid wood floors.
[0003] This solid wood floor has many advantages compared to other types of existing floors.
[0004] Solid wood floors, for example, have excellent aesthetic properties and are more resistant to moisture. Solid wood floors also have a longer lifespan.
[0005] Each type of floor corresponds to one or more laying techniques applied according to the type of floor and the thickness of the floorboard. Possible techniques for laying the floor include nailing, gluing, and finally, floating laying. In nailing, the floorboard is nailed to the beams resting on continuous or discontinuous supports. In gluing, the floorboard is glued to a continuous support. In floating laying, the floorboard has no connecting means other than the contact established by the weight of the floorboard and is laid on a continuous support. Currently, only artificial floorboards are compatible with floating laying.
[0006] For laying solid wood flooring, we can use either nailing or adhesive laying. The floorboards are either nailed to the beams or glued with floor adhesive. Nailing can be difficult to implement, for example, because it requires not only proper equipment but also the installation of beams. Adhesive laying is easy to install but irreversible, and in most cases, the floor will be destroyed when, for example, the building reaches the end of its lifespan and the floor must be removed. If these laying methods are used, the floor cannot be reused. The carbon accumulated in the floorboards during the lifespan of the floor is therefore released when the floor reaches the end of its lifespan. And it will be necessary to consume forest resources again to manufacture new floorboards.
[0007] A solution for easily implementable and reversible floor construction was devised to obtain removable and reusable floorboards, thereby minimizing environmental impact and reducing manufacturing costs.
[0008] European Patent No. 2843154 describes, for example, a solution for assembling a reversible floorboard with an active locking system that includes a movable locking element. However, the system described in European Patent No. 2843154 requires an additional locking element for floor assembly, which increases manufacturing costs.
[0009] The fundamental technical problem underlying this invention is to provide a removable and reusable floorboard assembly that has a simple structure, is economical, and has minimal environmental impact. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]
[0010] For this purpose, the subject of the present invention comprises a first main surface intended to form a front surface and a second main surface located opposite to the first main surface, and is intended to be supported by a support, a first front end, and a second front end, the first front end being a floorboard positioned to cooperate with the second front end of another floorboard, the first front end comprising a first front wall and a tongue extending from the first front wall toward a distal end located opposite to the first front wall, the tongue comprising a first tongue positioned on the first side of the tongue Concave The tongue and groove joint comprises a shaped support surface and a second support surface located on the second side of the tongue and groove joint opposite to the first side of the tongue and groove joint, the second support surface extending toward the distal end of the tongue and groove joint by a rounded portion, and the second front end comprises a second front wall having a groove that defines an opening and an inner wall extending from the first end of the opening, the inner wall being located on the first side of the opening Convex The groove comprises a tongue-and-groove support surface, a bottom surface, and a second support surface located on the second side of the opening, opposite to the first side of the opening, and extending to the second end of the opening, wherein the width of the groove opening is substantially equal to the ratio of the distance between the first support surface and the rounded portion of the tongue-and-groove to the width of the groove opening. from 0.99 range The length of the tongue between the first supporting surface and the rounded portion of the tongue, increased by a functional gap of a possible size, is equal to the distance between the first supporting surface and the rounded portion of the tongue, and is shorter than the depth of the groove between the groove opening and the bottom wall of the groove. This floorboard may have, alone or in combination, one or more of the following additional features:
[0011] The ratio of the tongue-and-groove length to the groove depth can be, for example, between 0.6 and 0.99.
[0012] The ratio of the distance between the first main surface and the first end of the tongue-and-groove, located on the first support surface of the tongue-and-groove at the point where the first support surface and the first front wall of the tongue-and-groove intersect, to the distance between the first main surface and the second end of the tongue-and-groove, located on the second support surface of the tongue-and-groove at the point where the second support surface and the first front wall of the tongue-and-groove intersect, can be between 0.2 and 0.75.
[0013] According to one characteristic, the floorboards are made from solid wood.
[0014] According to one feature, the floorboard may have an abrasion layer extending from a first main surface in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floorboard 1, wherein the abrasion layer is part of the thickness of the floorboard by at least 25%, preferably more than 35%, and more preferably more than 40%, and the thickness of the floorboard is considered to be between the first main surface and the second main surface, and the tongue 6 and groove 7 are positioned in the lower layer of the floorboard located below the abrasion layer 5a, with respect to the thickness of the floorboard.
[0015] According to one possibility, the floorboard has a chamfered portion positioned on the opposite side of the rounded portion from the second support portion of the tongue and groove joint.
[0016] This chamfered portion may have an inclination angle with respect to the insertion axis that is between 10 and 45 degrees.
[0017] Advantageously, a tilt angle between 10 and 45 degrees facilitates the connection of the tongue and groove into the groove.
[0018] The second support surface of the tongue can be configured to be substantially flat.
[0019] In one embodiment, the floorboard further comprises a first transverse end and a second end of the floorboard located opposite the first transverse end, the first transverse end comprising a first flange extending along the plane of the floorboard and a fixing contact portion extending from the first flange in a direction transverse to the plane of the floorboard, and the second transverse end comprising a second flange extending in the plane of the floorboard and a fixing gap provided in the second flange, the fixing gap having a shape complementary to the fixing contact portion and intended to receive the fixing contact portion of an adjacent floorboard.
[0020] According to one embodiment, the first flange has a surface positioned on an extended portion of the first main surface of the floorboard, and the second flange has a surface positioned on an extended portion of the second main surface of the floorboard.
[0021] According to one embodiment, the fixing contact portion and the fixing gap have a triangular shape.
[0022] According to the first possibility, the first flange extends from the first main surface, the thickness of the first flange is greater than the thickness of the wear layer, and the fixing contact part is arranged in the lower layer; or, according to the second possibility, the second flange extends from the first main surface, the thickness of the second flange is greater than the thickness of the wear layer, and the fixing gap is arranged in the lower layer.
[0023] According to the first possibility, the second flange extends from the second main surface and is included in the lower layer. According to the second possibility, the first flange extends from the second main surface and is included in the lower layer.
[0024] The tongue may have a support point arranged in the direction of the distal end of the tongue with respect to the first support surface of the tongue, the inner wall of the groove has a contact surface arranged on the extension of the first support surface of the groove, and the support point is configured to abut against the contact surface of the adjacent floorboard when the tongue is inserted into the groove.
[0025] According to a possibility, the first support surface of the tongue is arranged to slide on the first support surface of the groove of the adjacent floorboard so as to take a starting position of sliding and an ending position of sliding. At the starting position of sliding, the support point is on the surface of the opening. At the ending position of sliding, the support point contacts the contact surface.
[0026] According to an embodiment, this sliding path is curved and defined by the first support surface.
[0027] The second support surface of the tongue may be arranged to be supported by the second support surface of the groove.
[0028] Advantageously, the sliding movement of the tongue in the groove prevents the tongue from breaking when the tongue 6 is subjected to a large distributed load substantially equal to a value such as 500 daN / m2 or a large concentrated load substantially equal to a value such as 700 daN.
[0029] Advantageously, the sliding movement of the tongue in the groove is reversible, and the two floorboards are removable and reusable, so that after the two floorboards are connected, an unfixed assembly is formed. [Brief explanation of the drawing]
[0030] This invention will be better understood based on the detailed description below, which refers to the attached drawings provided for informational purposes only and not for accurate scale. [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a floorboard having a first front end and a second front end, the first front end being positioned to cooperate with the second front end of another floorboard. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the first front end of the floor plate in Figure 1, according to the first embodiment of the first front end. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the second front end of the floor plate shown in Figure 1, according to the first embodiment of the second front end. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a front view of the second front end of the floor plate shown in Figure 1, showing the fixing contact portion and the fixing gap. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly of two floorboards shown in Figure 1, which shows the wear layer. [Figure 6] Figure 6 shows the steps involved in connecting the two floorboards. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the first front end of the floor plate in Figure 1, according to the second embodiment of the first front end. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the second front end of the floor plate in Figure 1, according to the second embodiment of the second front end. [Figure 9] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the first and second horizontal ends of the floorboard according to the second embodiment of the first and second horizontal ends. [Figure 10] Figure 10 is a detailed view of the front assembly area of the two floorboards. [Figure 11] Figure 11 is a detailed view of the side assembly area of the two floorboards. [Modes for carrying out the invention]
[0031] In the following detailed description of the drawings defined above, the same elements or elements performing the same function may be denoted by the same reference numerals to facilitate understanding of the present invention.
[0032] The present invention relates to a floorboard 1 shown in Figure 1, and comprises, for example, a first main surface 5 intended to form a front surface that is walked on by the user of the floor, and a second main surface 5' located on the opposite side of the first main surface 5 and intended to be supported by, for example, the ground of a house or tertiary building, such as a screed or slab.
[0033] The floorboard 1 described may be made from solid wood.
[0034] In some cases, the floorboard 1 described may be an artificial floorboard.
[0035] The floorboard 1 may have an abrasion layer 5a extending from the first main surface 5 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floorboard 1, as shown in Figure 5, wherein the abrasion layer 5a is a portion of the thickness of the floorboard 1 that is at least 25%, preferably more than 35%, and more preferably more than 40%, and the thickness of the floorboard 1 is considered to be between the first main surface 5 and the second main surface 5', and the tongue and groove 6 and groove 7 are positioned in the lower layer 5b of the floorboard 1 located below the abrasion layer 5a, with respect to the thickness of the floorboard 1.
[0036] These configurations allow the fixing method to withstand one or more sandings of the floor, thereby giving the floor a reusable characteristic.
[0037] The wear layer 5a can be repaired; in other words, the floor can be polished to obtain a smooth surface by removing material from the thickness of the wear layer 5a.
[0038] The floorboard also comprises a first front end 2, which may be called a male end, and a second front end 3, which may be called a female end, and the first front end 2 is arranged to cooperate with the second front end 3 of another floorboard, in other words, the male end of one floorboard and the female end of another floorboard are connected to form a male-female assembly, and this connection is preferably reversible. In fact, solid wood is a material whose dimensions can change depending on the humidity and temperature of the environment in which it is installed, and the floorboard 1 described makes it possible to take into account the changes in solid wood that depend on the humidity and temperature of the environment in which it is installed.
[0039] The first front end 2 comprises first front walls 28, 21 and a tongue 6 extending from the first front walls 28, 21 toward the distal end located on the opposite side of the first front walls 28, 21.
[0040] Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the first front end 2, where the tongue 6 has a curved shape, and the first smooth and Concave The floorboard has a shaped support surface 27, and a second support surface 22 is positioned on the second side of the tongue and groove, opposite to the first side of the tongue and groove. The second support surface 22 may be configured to be substantially flat and may extend toward the distal end 26 of the tongue and groove by a rounded portion 23. The floorboard may also have a chamfered portion 24 positioned on the opposite side of the rounded portion 23 from the second support surface 22 of the tongue and groove 6.
[0041] According to the second embodiment of the first front end 2 shown in Figure 7, the first support surface 27 may comprise the first portion 27a, the second portion 27b, and the third portion 27c, which are arranged on the first support surface 27, such that there is an obtuse angle of intersection between the first portion 27a and the second portion 27b, and there is an obtuse angle of intersection between the second portion 27b and the third portion 27c.
[0042] The angles of the obtuse intersection refer to the angles measured starting from the first part 27a and moving clockwise to the second part 27b, and the angles measured starting from the second part 27b and moving clockwise to the third part 27c.
[0043] In some cases, the chamfered portion 24 has an inclination angle with respect to the insertion shaft B (Figure 2) that is between 10 degrees and 45 degrees.
[0044] In some cases, the chamfered portion 24 may be replaced by a curved ridge that connects the rounded portion 23 to one end 25 of the tongue and groove joint.
[0045] The first embodiment of the second front end 3 shown in Figure 3 comprises second front walls 11, 16 having a groove 7 that defines an opening and an inner wall extending from the first end 18 of the opening. This groove 7 may extend longitudinally along the plane of the floorboard 1 and over the entire length of the floorboard 1.
[0046] According to the first embodiment of the second front end 3, the inner wall is a first sliding wall located on the first side of the opening. Convex It comprises a shaped support surface 15, a bottom surface 13, and a second support surface 12 located on the second side of the opening, opposite to the first side of the opening, and extending to the second end 19 of the opening.
[0047] According to the second embodiment of the second front end 3 shown in Figure 8, the first support surface 15 may comprise a first portion 15a, a second portion 15b, and a third portion 15c, which are arranged on the first support surface 15 such that there is an obtuse angle of intersection between the first portion 15a and the second portion 15b, and there is an obtuse angle of intersection between the second portion 15b and the third portion 15c.
[0048] The angles of the obtuse intersection refer to the angles measured starting from the first part 15a and moving clockwise to the second part 15b, and the angles measured starting from the second part 15b and moving clockwise to the third part 15c.
[0049] It is worth noting that the floorboard described is such that the width W of the opening of the groove 7, as seen in Figure 3, is equal to the distance between the first support surface 27 and the rounded portion 23 of the tongue and groove 6, and is increased by a functional gap J1, which is sized such that the ratio of the distance between the first support surface 27 and the rounded portion 23 of the tongue and groove 6 to the width W of the opening of the groove 7 is substantially between 0.7 and 0.99. The length L of the tongue and groove 6, as shown in Figure 2, between the first front walls 28,21 and the tongue and groove end 25 located on the opposite side of the first front walls 28,21, is shorter than the depth P of the groove, between the opening of the groove and the bottom surface 13 of the groove 7. As a result, the tongue and groove end 25 may not be in contact with the bottom surface 13.
[0050] This functional gap J1, along with the fact that the length L of the tongue-and-groove joint 6 is shorter than the depth P of the groove, facilitates the reversibility of connecting the two floorboards.
[0051] The ratio of the length L of the tongue 6 to the depth P of the groove 7 can be, for example, between 0.6 and 0.99.
[0052] In the intersection line between the first main surface 5 and the second support surface 22 and first front walls 28,21 of the tongue and groove 6, the ratio of the distance between the first main surface 5 and the second end Y of the tongue and groove 6 located on the second support surface 22 of the tongue and groove 6, to the distance between the first main surface 5 and the first support surface 27 and first front walls 28,21 of the tongue and groove 6, located on the first support surface 27 front walls 28,21, can be between 0.2 and 0.75.
[0053] As shown in Figure 4, the floorboard 1 further comprises a first lateral end 4 having a first flange extending along the plane of the floorboard and a fixing contact portion 9 extending from the flange in a direction transverse to the plane of the floorboard. This first flange may have a surface positioned on an extended portion of the first main surface 5 of the floorboard 1, as also seen in Figures 4 and 9.
[0054] The floorboard 1 may also have a second transverse end 8 located on the opposite side of the first transverse end 4, as shown in Figures 4, 9, and 11, and this second transverse end 8 includes a second flange extending in the plane of the floorboard. This second flange may have a surface located on an extended portion of the second main surface 5' of the floorboard 1.
[0055] A fixing gap 10 may be provided in the second flange, and the fixing gap 10 has a shape complementary to the fixing contact portion 9 and is intended to receive the fixing contact portion 9 of the adjacent floor plate.
[0056] According to the first possibility shown in Figures 5 and 9, the first flange extends from the first main surface 5, the thickness of the first flange is greater than the thickness of the wear layer 5a, and the fixing contact portion 9 is located in the lower layer 5b.
[0057] According to this first possibility, the second flange extends from the second main surface 5' and is included in the lower layer 5b.
[0058] The second flange may, according to the second possibility, extend from the first main surface 5, the thickness of the second flange may be greater than the thickness of the wear layer 5a, and the fixing gap 10 may be located in the lower layer 5b.
[0059] Therefore, according to this second possibility, the first flange extends from the second main surface 5' and is included in the lower layer 5b.
[0060] According to one embodiment, the fixing contact portion 9 and the fixing gap 10 have a triangular shape, as shown in Figures 4, 9, and 11, for example.
[0061] In fact, while connecting two floorboards as shown in Figure 6, the tongue and groove 6 of floorboard 1 may move parallel to each other by sliding within the groove 7 of the adjacent floorboard. To overcome this drawback, the present invention provides a fixing contact portion 9 of floorboard 1, which is inserted into the fixing gap 10 of the adjacent floorboard as an additional fixing means to prevent such parallel movement.
[0062] When two floorboards 1a and 1b are installed as shown in Figure 11, a gap J2 may be provided between the first lateral end 4 of floorboard 1a and the second lateral end 8 of the adjacent floorboard 1b.
[0063] The tongue 6 may have a support point 26 positioned in the direction of the distal end of the tongue with respect to the first surface of the tongue.
[0064] The inner wall of the groove has a contact surface 14 located on an extension of the first support surface 15 of the groove.
[0065] This support point 26 may be configured to contact the contact surface 14 of the adjacent floorboard when the tongue 6 is inserted into the groove 7.
[0066] In some cases, the first support surface 27 of the tongue and groove is positioned to slide on the first support surface 15 of the groove of the adjacent floorboard along a sliding path curved and defined by the first support surface 15, between the starting position where the support point 16 is on the opening surface and the ending position where the support point 26 contacts the contact surface 14.
[0067] Therefore, the reciprocating motion of the tongue and groove 6 between the starting position and the ending position of the sliding motion can occur when the tongue and groove 6 is inserted into the groove 7.
[0068] The second support surface 22 of the tongue 6 in Figure 2 may be positioned to be supported by the second support surface 12 of the groove 7 in Figure 3.
[0069] The first front walls 28, 21 and the second front walls 11, 16 do not necessarily have to be in contact while connecting floorboards 1 with adjacent floorboards, due to the presence of a functional gap J1 and the fact that the length L of the tongue 6 is shorter than the depth P of the groove 7.
[0070] Advantageously, the sliding motion of the tongue and groove 6 in the groove 7 makes it possible to prevent the tongue and groove 6 from breaking when it is subjected to a large distributed load of, for example, substantially equal to 500 daN / m2, or a large concentrated load of, for example, substantially equal to 700 daN.
[0071] Therefore, the tongue and groove 6 of adjacent floorboards can slide in the groove 7 of the floorboard 1, and advantageously, a stable floor finish can be formed without the need to fix the floorboards by additional fastening means such as floor adhesive.
[0072] Advantageously, the inclination angle of the chamfered portion 24 with respect to the insertion shaft B, which is between 10 and 45 degrees, facilitates the connection of the tongue and groove 6 to the groove 7.
[0073] Advantageously, the sliding motion of the tongue-and-groove joint 6 in the groove 7 is reversible, making the two floorboards removable and reusable, thus forming a non-fixed assembly after the two floorboards have been joined. In other words, in the medium and long term, the two floorboards can be separated to cooperate again on another support.
[0074] Advantageously, two adjacent floorboards can be assembled to accommodate the natural deformation of the wood due to ambient air humidity, such as a 0.15% change in floor width for a 1% change in humidity, while remaining integrated, and thus allowing the floor to be installed without the use of floor adhesive or other assembly parts. By not using floor adhesive or other assembly parts, the floorboards can be easily removed, and therefore the installation of the floorboards is easy, reversible, and has a low environmental footprint.
[0075] Although the present invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments, it is clear that the present invention is by no means limited thereto, and if within the scope of the invention, it includes not only combinations thereof but also all technical equivalents of the means described.
Claims
1. A floorboard (1) made of solid wood, comprising a first main surface (5) intended to form the front surface and a second main surface (5') located opposite to the first main surface (5), and intended to be supported by a support, a first front end (2), and a second front end (3), the first front end (2) being positioned to cooperate with the second front end (3) of another floorboard, The first front end (2) comprises a first front wall (28, 21) and a tongue (6) extending from the first front wall (28, 21) toward the distal end located opposite to the first front wall (28, 21). The tongue (6) comprises a first concave support surface (27) located on the first side of the tongue and a second support surface (22) located on the second side of the tongue opposite to the first side, wherein the second support surface (22) is extended toward the distal end (26) of the tongue by a rounded portion (23). The second front end (3) comprises a second front wall (11, 16) having a groove (7) that defines an opening and an inner wall extending from the first end (18) of the opening. The inner wall comprises a first convex support surface (15) located on the first side of the opening, a bottom surface (13), and a second support surface (12) located on the second side of the opening, opposite to the first side of the opening, and extending to the second end (19) of the opening. The width (W) of the opening of the groove (7) is equal to the distance between the first concave support surface (27) and the rounded portion (23) of the tongue (6), increased by a functional gap (J1) such that the ratio of the distance between the first concave support surface (27) and the rounded portion (23) of the tongue (6) to the width (W) of the opening of the groove (7) is substantially in the range of 0.7 to 0.
99. The length (L) of the tongue (6) between the first front wall (28, 21) and one end (25) of the tongue (6) located on the opposite side of the first front wall (21, 28) is shorter than the depth (P) of the groove between the opening of the groove and the bottom surface (13) of the groove. The floor plate (1) is provided with an abrasion layer (5a) extending from the first main surface (5) in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor plate (1), The abrasion layer (5a) is at least 25% of the thickness of the floor plate (1), The thickness of the floorboard (1) is considered to be the distance between the first main surface (5) and the second main surface (5'), The tongue (6) and groove (7) are positioned in the lower layer (5b) of the floorboard (1) located below the wear layer (5a), with respect to the thickness of the floorboard (1). Floorboard (1).
2. The tongue and groove (6) is provided with a chamfered portion (24) located on the opposite side of the rounded portion (23) from the second support surface (22). The floorboard (1) according to claim 1.
3. The chamfered portion (24) has an inclination angle with respect to the insertion shaft (B) that is between 10 degrees and 45 degrees. The floorboard (1) according to claim 2.
4. The second support surface (22) of the tongue is configured to be substantially flat. The floorboard (1) according to claim 1.
5. It further comprises a first transverse end (4) and a second transverse end (8) located on the opposite side of the first transverse end (4), The first lateral end (4) comprises a first flange extending along the plane of the floor plate and a fixing contact portion (9) extending from the first flange in a direction transverse to the plane of the floor plate. The second lateral end (8) comprises a second flange extending in the plane of the floor plate and a fixing gap (10) provided in the second flange. The fixing gap (10) has a shape complementary to the fixing contact portion (9) and is intended to receive the fixing contact portion (9) of the adjacent floorboard. The floorboard (1) according to claim 1.
6. The first flange extends from the first main surface (5), the thickness of the first flange is greater than the thickness of the wear layer (5a), and the fixing contact portion (9) is located in the lower layer (5b), or The second flange extends from the first main surface (5), the thickness of the second flange is greater than the thickness of the wear layer (5a), and the fixing gap (10) is located in the lower layer (5b). The floorboard (1) according to claim 5.
7. The tongue (6) has a support point (26) positioned in the direction of the distal end of the tongue with respect to the first concave support surface of the tongue, The inner wall of the groove has a contact surface (14) located in an extended portion of the first convex support surface (15) of the groove. The support point (26) is configured to contact the contact surface (14) of the adjacent floorboard when the tongue (6) is inserted into the groove (7). The floorboard (1) according to claim 1.
8. The first concave support surface (27) of the tongue is positioned to slide on the first convex support surface (15) of the groove of the adjacent floorboard between the starting position where the support point (26) is on the surface of the opening and the ending position where the support point (26) contacts the contact surface (14). The floorboard (1) according to claim 7.
9. The second support surface (22) of the tongue (6) is positioned to be supported by the second support surface (12) of the groove (7). The floorboard (1) according to claim 1.