Motorcycle brake-by-wire braking system

Abstract

A braking system (4) for a motorcycle (8) comprises a first brake device (12) operably connected to a first wheel (16) of the motorcycle (8) and comprising a first hydraulic supply circuit (20), a first electric actuator (24) having a first electric or electromechanical motor means operably connected to a first electrically or electromechanically actuated piston (28) fluidly connected to said first hydraulic supply circuit (20), and at least one first interface or input port (32) operably connected to a first hydraulic device (36) having a first manually operated piston (40). The first manually operated piston (40) is divided into a first direct piston (41) directly connected to the first interface port (32) and a first indirect piston (42) arranged in series with the first direct piston (41) and connected thereto by the interposition of a first return spring (43). The first indirect piston (42) is hydraulically connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit (20) via a first bypass duct (44) and is arranged in series upstream of the first electrically or electromechanically actuated piston (28). The brake system (4) comprises a hydraulic fluid reservoir (52) fluidly connected to the first hydraulic device (36) by a connecting duct (56) upstream of the first indirect piston (42) and a connecting duct (60) downstream of the first indirect piston (42). The brake system (8) is operatively connected to the first electric actuator (24) and comprises a processing and control unit (68). The processing and control unit (68) is programmed, in standard operation, upon actuation of the first interface port (32), to cause the first electrically or electromechanically actuated piston (28) to translate to block the first bypass duct (44) and fluidly isolate the first manually operated piston (40) from the first hydraulic supply circuit (20) while simultaneously actuating the at least one first braking device (12).

Description

Technical Field

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[0001] The present invention particularly relates to a brake-by-wire (BBW) type brake system for motorcycles.

Background Art

[0002] In motorcycles, there is a brake-by-wire type brake system, where the user can manually operate two separate manual control devices, typically a lever on the handlebar and a pedal, to send a request for a braking operation to a special control unit.

[0003] This request for a braking operation is switched to activate one or more electric motors that act on the friction elements (usually pads, but may also be shoes) of the braking device equipped on the motorcycle. In this way, in normal operating conditions, the user does not directly command the operation of the braking device, but instead sends a braking request for the electric motor to operate through the control unit.

[0004] In case of a failure, the system must be able to provide a hydraulic backup so that the user can directly operate the manually operated device to at least partially brake the motorcycle.

[0005] In prior art motorcycle solutions, in the case of a failure of the E / E system (ECU, actuator, sensor, etc.) or when power is not supplied (the battery is disconnected), it is not possible to back up the hydraulic pressure from both control devices (lever and brake pedal). Ultimately, there is a need to provide a braking system that is compatible with electric vehicles (mixing with regenerative brakes, reducing residual torque).

Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, there is a need in the art to provide a braking system that can solve the technical drawbacks described with reference to the prior art.

[0007] This need is met by the braking system according to claim 1.

[0008] In particular, this need is met by a motorcycle braking system consisting of the following components:

[0009] A first brake device operably connected to the first wheel of a motorcycle and comprising a first hydraulic supply circuit,

[0010] A first electric actuator having a first electrically or electromechanically operated piston that is fluidly connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit, and a first electrically or electromechanically operated piston that is operatively connected to the first electrically or electromechanically operated piston,

[0011] At least one first interface port operably connected to a first hydraulic system equipped with a first manual operating piston.

[0012] The first manual operating piston is connected to the first direct piston, which is directly connected to the first manual operating device. It is further subdivided into a first direct piston connected in series with a first indirect piston, which is connected to the first direct piston by the interposition of a first return spring.

[0013] The first indirect piston is hydraulically connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit via a first bypass duct and is positioned upstream in series with the first electrically or electromechanically actuated piston.

[0014] The brake system includes a hydraulic fluid reservoir that is fluidly connected to a first hydraulic system by an upstream connecting duct from the first indirect piston and a downstream connecting duct from the first indirect piston.

[0015] The braking system includes a processing and control unit that is operatively connected to the first electric actuator.

[0016] The processing and control unit is programmed, in standard operation, to translate a first electrically or electromechanically actuated piston to close the first bypass duct when the first interface port is activated, to fluidly disconnect the first manually operated piston from the first hydraulic supply circuit, and simultaneously activate at least one first brake device.

[0017] According to a possible embodiment, at least one of the upstream and downstream connecting ducts comprises at least one device, which has at least one operating state, such as an open position that allows fluid to pass through the corresponding connecting duct, and at least one operating state, such as a closed position that prevents fluid from passing through the corresponding connecting duct. In the standard operation described above, a device such as a selector valve is switched so that an indirect piston remains in an end stop position without being able to move even following manual operation, while a first electrically or electromechanically actuated piston is translated to simultaneously actuate at least one first brake device.

[0018] According to a possible embodiment, at least one device provides two operating states in which fluid is prevented from passing through the corresponding upstream connecting duct in order to isolate the contribution of the first return spring during operation in hydraulic backup mode.

[0019] According to a possible embodiment, the processing and control unit is programmed in backup mode to retract or enable retraction of a first electrically or electromechanically actuated piston so as not to block the first bypass duct and to enable direct operation of the first brake device by the first manually operated piston when the first interface port is activated.

[0020] According to a possible embodiment, the processing and control unit is programmed to switch a device such as a selector valve during the backup operation so that the first indirect piston can move according to manual operation.

[0021] According to a possible embodiment, the first hydraulic supply circuit is fluidly connected to a pair of first brake devices that can be connected to the same first wheel.

[0022] According to a possible embodiment, the first hydraulic supply circuit is fluidly connected to a pair of first brake devices that can be respectively connected to the first wheel and the second wheel arranged on different axles of the motorcycle.

[0023] According to a possible embodiment, the braking system comprises at least one second manual operating device separated from the first manual operating device and operatively connected to a second hydraulic device comprising a second manual operating piston.

[0024] Here, the second manual operating piston is hydraulically connected to the first indirect piston via a second bypass duct, is arranged in series upstream with the first indirect piston, and this first indirect piston is fluidly connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit, and operates the first brake device and / or the second brake device via this first hydraulic supply circuit.

[0025] According to a possible embodiment, the second manual operating piston is subdivided into a second direct piston directly connected to the second manual operating device and a second indirect piston arranged in series with the second direct piston and connected thereto by means of an intervening second return spring.

[0026] According to a possible embodiment, the second indirect piston is in hydraulic communication with the first indirect piston via a second bypass duct and is arranged in series upstream with it.

[0027] According to a possible embodiment, the first brake device can be operatively connected to the first wheel of the first single axle of the motorcycle, and the second brake device can be operatively connected to the second wheel of the second axle of the motorcycle.

[0028] According to a possible embodiment, the first hydraulic device and the second hydraulic device are included in the same pump body.

[0029] According to a possible embodiment, the system comprises the following.

[0030] At least a second braking device having a second hydraulic supply circuit operatively connected to the second wheel of the motorcycle and fluidly separated from the first hydraulic supply circuit.

[0031] A second electric actuator having second electric motor means operatively connected to a second piston that operates electrically or electro-mechanically, the second electric actuator being fluidly connected to the second supply circuit.

[0032] At least a second manual operating device operatively connected to a second hydraulic device having a second manually operated piston.

[0033] The second manually operated piston is in fluid communication with the second supply circuit via a second bypass duct and is arranged in series upstream with a second electrically or electro-mechanically operated piston.

[0034] The processing and control unit is operatively connected to the second interface port and the second electric actuator and is programmed as follows.

[0035] In normal operation, when the second interface port is operated, the second electrically or electro-mechanically operated piston is translated to close the second bypass duct, fluidly disconnecting the second manually operated piston from the second supply circuit and actuating the second braking device.

[0036] According to a possible embodiment, at least one of the upstream and downstream connecting ducts includes a device having at least one operating state, such as an open position, that allows fluid to pass through the corresponding connecting duct, and an operating state, such as a closed position, that prevents fluid from passing through the corresponding connecting duct. In standard operation, a device such as a selector valve is switched so that a second indirect piston remains immobile after manual operation, while a second electrically or electromechanically actuated piston is translated to simultaneously actuate at least one second brake device.

[0037] According to a possible embodiment, the processing and control unit is programmed to retract or enable retraction of a second electrically or electromechanically operated piston in backup operation so as not to block the second bypass duct, thereby enabling direct operation of the second brake device by the second manually operated piston.

[0038] According to a possible embodiment, the processing and control unit is programmed to switch a device such as a selector valve in backup operation so that the second indirect piston can move according to manual operation.

[0039] According to a possible embodiment, the first and second brake devices are arranged on different axles of the motorcycle in question.

[0040] According to a possible embodiment, the first hydraulic system and the second hydraulic system are incorporated into the same pump body.

[0041] According to a possible embodiment, the braking device comprises a disc brake and / or a drum brake. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0042] Further features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of preferred non-limiting embodiments thereof.

[0043] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a brake system according to the first embodiment of the present invention under standard operating conditions.

[0044] [Figure 2a] Figure 2a shows a schematic diagram of a brake system according to the second embodiment of the present invention under standard operating conditions. [Figure 2b] Figure 2b shows a schematic diagram of the brake system according to the second embodiment of the present invention in the BBW system shutdown state. [Figure 2c] Figure 2c shows a schematic diagram of a brake system according to a second embodiment of the present invention in a failure or backup state.

[0045] [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a brake system according to a third embodiment of the present invention, in a standard operating state. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0046] Elements or parts of elements common to the embodiments described below are denoted by the same reference numeral.

[0047] Referring to the aforementioned diagram, reference number 4 shows the overall brake system for a vehicle, specifically a motorcycle 8.

[0048] The brake system 4 for the motorcycle 8 includes at least a first brake device 12 operably connected to a first wheel 16 of the motorcycle 8 and equipped with a first hydraulic supply circuit 20. The brake system 4 further includes a first electric actuator 24 having a first electric or electromechanical motor means operably connected to a first electrically or electromechanically actuated piston 28, which is fluidly connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit 20.

[0049] The connection between the electrically or electromechanically driven motor means and the first electrically or electromechanically actuated piston 28 may be direct, or an intermediate mechanical connection such as a gear, gearbox, or linkage may be provided.

[0050] The electrically or electromechanically actuated first piston 28 is inserted into the first hydraulic supply circuit 20, and when it moves, it can pressurize the fluid contained in the first hydraulic supply circuit and actuate the corresponding first brake device 12.

[0051] The brake system 4 includes at least a first interface or input port 32 operably connected to a first hydraulic system 36 equipped with a first manually operated piston 40. Typically, the first interface port 32 is operably connected to a lever device, usually located on the handlebars of the motorcycle 8, or to a foot pedal, usually located near the footpegs.

[0052] The first manually operated piston 40 is hydraulically connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit 20 via the first bypass duct 44 and is arranged in series upstream of the first electrically or electromechanically operated piston 28.

[0053] The first manually operated piston 40 is subdivided into a first direct piston 41 directly connected to the first interface port 32, and a first indirect piston 42 arranged in series with the first direct piston 41 and connected to it by the interposition of a first return spring 43. A first hydraulic chamber 45 is interposed between the first direct piston 41 and the first indirect piston 42. In this configuration, the first indirect piston 42 pressurizes the fluid in the first hydraulic supply circuit 20 in a hydraulic backup state when it is able to move freely.

[0054] The first hydraulic system 36 also includes a first retainer 48 that forms a limit stop when the first indirect piston 42 approaches the first direct piston 41.

[0055] The brake device 4 includes a hydraulic fluid reservoir 52, which is fluidly connected to a first hydraulic chamber 45 interposed between a direct piston 41 and an indirect piston 42 by an upstream connecting duct 56 and a downstream connecting duct 60 of the first indirect piston 42. Furthermore, the hydraulic fluid reservoir 52 is directly fluidly connected to a first bypass duct 44 by a connecting duct or supply duct 94.

[0056] Preferably, the first retainer 48 is positioned so that the first indirect piston 42 does not obstruct the upstream connecting duct 56.

[0057] Preferably, each of the upstream connecting duct 56 and the downstream connecting duct 60 is provided with at least one device 86,64 that can prevent the indirect piston 42 from advancing in one of its operating states, in particular, the at least one device 86,64 provides at least one operating state, such as an open position that allows fluid to pass through the corresponding connecting duct 56,60, and at least one operating state, such as a closed position that prevents fluid from passing through the corresponding connecting duct 56,60.

[0058] Preferably, at least one device 86,64 provides at least one operating state in which fluid is prevented from passing through the corresponding downstream connecting duct 60, thereby preventing the first indirect piston 42 from advancing, and one operating state in which fluid is allowed to pass through the downstream connecting duct 60.

[0059] Preferably, at least one device 86,64 can provide two operating conditions under which the fluid is either prevented from passing through the corresponding upstream connecting duct 56 in order to isolate the contribution of the return spring 43 during operation in hydraulic backup mode.

[0060] Preferably, at least one device 86,64 is a selector valve. According to one embodiment, at least one selector valve 86,64 is thus switched to enable switching between a standard operating mode and a hydraulic backup mode.

[0061] Preferably, at least one selector valve 86,64 is operably connected to a processing and control unit 68, which is better described below.

[0062] According to one possible embodiment, at least one selector valve 86,64 also includes a partially open position in which it functions as a one-way valve, allowing hydraulic fluid to flow in only one direction, specifically from the hydraulic fluid reservoir 52 through the ducts 60,56 to the pistons 41,42.

[0063] Advantageously, the system includes a processing and control unit 68 that is operationally connected to the first interface port 32 and the first electric actuator 24.

[0064] The processing and control unit 68 is programmed, in standard operation, to translate the first electrically or electromechanically actuated piston 28 to close the first bypass duct 44 when the first interface port 32 is activated, to fluidly disconnect the first manually actuated piston 40 from the first hydraulic supply circuit 20, and at the same time activate at least one first brake device 12.

[0065] Because the first bypass duct 44 is blocked, the user cannot directly adjust the operation of the first brake device 12, and instead it is actuated by the first electrically or electromechanically actuated piston 28.

[0066] Preferably, in standard operation, at least one selector valve 86,64 is switched so that the indirect piston 42 cannot move even following manual operation and remains in the terminal position defined by the first retainer 48, while the first electrically or electromechanically actuated piston 28 is translated to simultaneously actuate at least one first brake device 12.

[0067] Furthermore, according to one possible embodiment, the processing and control unit 68 is programmed to retract or enable retraction of the first electrically or electromechanically actuated piston 28 in backup operation so as not to block the first bypass duct 44, and to enable direct operation of the first brake device 12 by the first manually actuated piston 40 when the first interface port 32 is activated.

[0068] Preferably, the processing and control unit 68 is programmed to enable the switching of at least one selector valve 86,64 so that the first indirect piston 42 can move in accordance with manual operation during backup operation.

[0069] Preferably, at least one selector valve 86,64 is switched to a backup operating state via an elastic element.

[0070] In other words, in the event of an electrical failure or backup state, the user can directly activate the first brake device 12 via the first interface port 32, thereby always being able to brake or stop the motorcycle 8.

[0071] The first hydraulic supply circuit 20 may be fluidly connected to a pair of first brake devices 12', 12'', and these first brake devices 12', 12'' may be connected to the same first wheel 16.

[0072] The first hydraulic supply circuit 20 can also be fluidly connected to a pair of brake devices 12', 12'' which can be connected to the first wheel 16 and the second wheel 76, respectively, located on different axles of the motorcycle 8.

[0073] According to further embodiments of the present invention (Figures 2a-2c), the brake system 4 includes, apart from the first input port 32, at least one second input port 92 operably connected to a second hydraulic system 96 equipped with a second manually operated piston 100.

[0074] The second manual operating piston 100 is hydraulically connected to the first indirect piston 42 (which is subsequently connected to the first manual operating piston 41) via the second bypass duct 104 and is positioned in series upstream of the first indirect piston 42. The first indirect piston 42 is fluidly connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit 20, through which the first brake device 12 and / or the second brake device 72 are actuated.

[0075] Preferably, the first and second hydraulic systems 36,96 are incorporated into the same hydraulic system.

[0076] According to a possible embodiment, the first brake device 12 is operatively connected to the first wheel 16 of the first single axle of the motorcycle 8, and the second brake device 72 is operatively connected to the second wheel 76 of the second axle of the motorcycle 8.

[0077] The second indirect piston 102 is hydraulically connected to the first indirect piston 42 via the second bypass duct 104 and is arranged in series upstream of it.

[0078] According to one possible embodiment, the second manual operating piston 100 is subdivided into a second direct piston 101 directly connected to the second manual actuation device 92, and a second indirect piston 102 positioned in series with the second direct piston 101 and connected to it by the interposition of a second return spring 103. In such a configuration, the second indirect piston 102 pressurizes the fluid in the second bypass port 104. A second hydraulic chamber 105 is interposed between the second direct piston 101 and the second indirect piston 102.

[0079] The second hydraulic system 96 also includes a second retainer 108 that forms a limit stop when the second indirect piston 102 approaches the second direct piston 101.

[0080] As can be seen, the brake device 4 includes a hydraulic fluid reservoir 52 that is fluidly connected to the second hydraulic device 96 by an upstream duct 56 connected to the second indirect piston 102 and a downstream duct 60 connected to the second indirect piston 102.

[0081] Preferably, the second retainer 108 is positioned so that the second indirect piston 102 does not obstruct the upstream connecting duct 56.

[0082] Preferably, each of the upstream connecting duct 56 and the downstream connecting duct 60 is provided with at least one selector valve 86, 64 having at least one operating state, such as an open position that allows fluid to pass through the corresponding connecting duct 56, 60, and at least one operating state, such as a closed position that prevents fluid from passing through the corresponding connecting duct 56, 60. The selector valve 64 is operationally connected to the processing and control unit 68.

[0083] According to a possible embodiment, at least one selector valve 86,64 also includes a partially open position in which it functions as a one-way valve, allowing fluid to flow in only one direction, specifically from the hydraulic fluid reservoir 52 to the second hydraulic system 96.

[0084] According to a further embodiment of the present invention (Figure 3), the brake system 4 of the motorcycle 8 comprises at least one second brake device 72 which is operably connected to the second wheel 76 of the motorcycle 8 and includes a second hydraulic supply circuit 80 which is fluidly separated from the first hydraulic supply circuit 20.

[0085] The brake device 4 includes a second electric actuator 84 having a second electric motor means operatively connected to a second electrically or electromechanically operated piston 88 which is fluidly connected to a second hydraulic supply circuit 80, and at least a second manual actuation device 92 operatively connected to a second hydraulic device 96 which is equipped with a second manual operating piston 100.

[0086] The second manually operated piston 100 is hydraulically connected to the second hydraulic supply circuit 80 by a second bypass duct 104 and is arranged in series upstream of the second electrically or electromechanically operated piston 88.

[0087] The processing and control unit 68 is operationally connected to the second interface port 92 and the second electric actuator 84. In standard operation, when the second interface port 92 is activated, the unit is programmed to translate the second electrically or electromechanically actuated piston 88 to close the second bypass duct 104, fluidly disconnect the second manually operated piston 100 from the second hydraulic supply circuit 80, and activate the second brake device 72.

[0088] Because the second bypass duct 104 is blocked, the user cannot directly adjust the operation of the second brake device 72, which is actuated by a second electrically or electromechanically operated piston 88.

[0089] Preferably, in standard operation, at least one selector valve 86,64 is switched so that the second indirect piston 102 cannot move even as a result of manual operation and remains in the terminal position defined by the second retainer 108, while the second electrically or electromechanically actuated piston 88 is translated so as to simultaneously actuate at least one second brake device 72.

[0090] The processing and control unit 68 is programmed to retract or enable retraction of the second electrically or electromechanically operated piston 88 in backup operation, so as not to block the second bypass duct 104 and to enable direct operation of the second brake device 72 by the second manually operated piston 100.

[0091] Preferably, the processing and control unit 68 is programmed to enable the switching of at least one selector valve 86,64 so that the second indirect piston 102 can move in accordance with manual operation during backup operation.

[0092] Preferably, the first and second brake devices 12,72 are located on different axles of the motorcycle in question.

[0093] Preferably, the first and second hydraulic units 36,96 are housed in the same pump body.

[0094] Preferably, the brake device 12,72 consists of a disc brake and / or a drum brake.

[0095] The first manually operated piston 40 is hydraulically connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit 20 via the first bypass duct 44 and is arranged in series upstream of the first electrically or electromechanically operated piston 28.

[0096] According to one possible embodiment, the first manually operated piston is subdivided into a first direct piston 41 directly connected to a first interface port 32 and a first indirect piston 42 positioned in series with the first direct piston 41 and connected to it by the interposition of a first return spring 43. In this configuration, the first indirect piston 42 pressurizes the fluid in the first hydraulic supply circuit 20.

[0097] The first hydraulic system 36 also includes a first retainer 48 that forms a limit stop when the first indirect piston 42 approaches the first direct piston 41.

[0098] The brake device 4 includes a hydraulic fluid reservoir 52 which is fluidly connected to the first hydraulic device 36 by an upstream duct 56 connected to the first indirect piston 42 and a downstream duct 60 connected to the first indirect piston 42. More specifically, the hydraulic fluid reservoir 52 is in fluid communication with a hydraulic chamber 45 interposed between the first direct piston 41 and the first indirect piston 42.

[0099] Furthermore, the hydraulic fluid reservoir 52 is directly fluidically connected to the second bypass duct 104 via a connecting duct or supply duct 194. Preferably, the first retainer 48 is positioned so that the first indirect piston 42 does not obstruct the upstream connecting duct 56.

[0100] Preferably, at least one of the upstream connecting duct 56 and the downstream connecting duct 60 is equipped with at least one device, such as a selector valve 64, 86, which can prevent the forward movement of the first indirect piston 42 in one of the operating states, having at least one operating state such as an open position that allows fluid to pass through the corresponding connecting ducts 56, 60 and at least one operating state such as a closed position that prevents fluid from passing through the corresponding connecting ducts 56, 60.

[0101] For example, at least one device 64 provides at least one operating state in which fluid is prevented from passing through the corresponding downstream connecting duct 60, thereby preventing the first indirect piston 42 from advancing, and one operating state in which fluid is allowed to pass through the downstream connecting piston 60.

[0102] Preferably, at least one device 86,64 can provide two operating conditions, one in which fluid is prevented from passing through the corresponding upstream connecting duct 56, in order to isolate the contribution of the return spring 43 during operation in hydraulic backup mode.

[0103] The at least one selector valve 64,86 is operably connected to a processing and control unit 68, which will be better described below.

[0104] According to a possible embodiment, at least one selector valve 86,64 also includes a partially open position in which it functions as a one-way valve that allows fluid flow in only one direction, specifically from the hydraulic fluid reservoir 52 to the first hydraulic system 36.

[0105] According to one embodiment, the second manually operated piston 100 is subdivided into a second direct piston 101 directly connected to the second manually operated device 92, and a second indirect piston 102 arranged in series with the second direct piston 101 and connected to it by the interposition of a second return spring 103. In this configuration, the second indirect piston 102 pressurizes the fluid in the second hydraulic supply circuit 80.

[0106] The second hydraulic system 96 also includes a second retainer 108 that forms a limit stop when the second indirect piston 102 approaches the second direct piston 101.

[0107] As can be understood from the description, the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0108] Specifically, the brake system of the present invention enables hydraulic backup operation from both control devices (lever and brake pedal) in the event of a failure of the E / E system (ECU, actuator, sensor, etc.) or a power outage (battery disconnection) combined with the operation of a partially fluid-free brake system (at least one dry caliper).

[0109] Finally, the present invention makes it possible to provide a braking system suitable for electric vehicles (a combination with regenerative braking, with reduced residual torque).

[0110] Those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations to the brake systems and motorcycles described above for the purpose of meeting incidental and specific needs, all of which are included in the present invention as mechanical and / or functional equivalents.

[0111] The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8), At least one first brake device (12) is operably connected to the first wheel (16) of the motorcycle (8) and includes a first hydraulic supply circuit (20), A first electric actuator (24) having a first motor means operatively connected to a first electrically or electromechanically operated piston (28) which is electrically or electromechanically operated and fluidly connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit (20), and It comprises at least one first interface port (32) operably connected to a first hydraulic system (36) equipped with a first manually operated piston (40). The first manually operated piston (40) is divided into a first direct piston (41) directly connected to the first interface port (32) and a first indirect piston (42) connected in series with the first direct piston (41) via a first return spring (43). The first indirect piston (42) is hydraulically connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit (20) via the first bypass duct (44) and is arranged in series upstream of the first electrically or electromechanically actuated piston (28). The brake system (4) includes a hydraulic fluid reservoir (52) which is fluidly connected to the first hydraulic device (36) by an upstream connecting duct (56) of the first indirect piston (42) and a downstream connecting duct (60) of the first indirect piston (42). The brake system (8) includes a processing and control unit (68) that is operatively connected to the first electric actuator (24). The processing and control unit (68) is programmed, during standard operation, to translate the first electrically or electromechanically operated piston (28) so as to close the first bypass duct (44) when the first interface port (32) is activated, to fluidly disconnect the first manually operated piston (40) from the first hydraulic supply circuit (20), and to simultaneously operate the at least one first brake device (12). At least one of the upstream connecting duct (56) and the downstream connecting duct (60) is provided with at least one device (64, 86), The at least one device (64, 86) has at least one operating state that allows fluid to pass through the corresponding connecting ducts (56, 60) and an operating state such as a closed position that prohibits fluid from passing through the corresponding connecting ducts (56, 60), During standard operation, the brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) is configured such that the first indirect piston (42) remains stationary at the end position after manual operation, while the first electrically or electromechanically operated piston (28) is translated to simultaneously operate the at least one first brake device (12).

2. The brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) according to claim 1, wherein at least one device (64, 86) provides two operating states in which the passage of fluid through the upstream connecting duct (56) is blocked or permitted in order to isolate the contribution of the first return spring (43) during operation in backup mode.

3. The brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) according to claim 1, characterized in that the processing and control unit (68) is programmed to retract or allow retraction of the first electrically or electromechanically actuated piston (28) so as not to block the first bypass duct (44) when the first interface port (32) is activated in backup mode, and so as to allow direct manual operation of the at least one first brake device (12) by the first manual operating piston (40).

4. The brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) according to claim 3, wherein in the backup mode, the processing and control unit (68) is programmed to switch the at least one device (64, 86) so that the first indirect piston (42) moves in accordance with the manual operation.

5. The at least one first brake device (12) has a pair of first brake devices (12', 12") The brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) according to claim 1, wherein the first hydraulic supply circuit (20) is fluidly connected to the pair of first brake devices (12', 12'') which can be connected to the same first wheel (16).

6. The at least one first brake device (12) comprises a pair of first brake devices (12', 12'') that can be connected to the first wheel (16) and the second wheel (76) respectively, which are located on different axles of the motorcycle (8), The brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) according to claim 1, wherein the first hydraulic supply circuit (20) is fluidly connected to the pair of first brake devices (12', 12'').

7. A brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8), At least one first brake device (12) is operably connected to the first wheel (16) of the motorcycle (8) and includes a first hydraulic supply circuit (20), A first electric actuator (24) having a first motor means operatively connected to a first electrically or electromechanically operated piston (28) which is electrically or electromechanically operated and fluidly connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit (20), and It comprises at least one first interface port (32) operably connected to a first hydraulic system (36) equipped with a first manually operated piston (40). The first manually operated piston (40) is divided into a first direct piston (41) directly connected to the first interface port (32) and a first indirect piston (42) connected in series with the first direct piston (41) via a first return spring (43). The first indirect piston (42) is hydraulically connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit (20) via the first bypass duct (44) and is arranged in series upstream of the first electrically or electromechanically actuated piston (28). The brake system (4) includes a hydraulic fluid reservoir (52) which is fluidly connected to the first hydraulic device (36) by an upstream connecting duct (56) of the first indirect piston (42) and a downstream connecting duct (60) of the first indirect piston (42). The brake system (8) includes a processing and control unit (68) that is operatively connected to the first electric actuator (24). The processing and control unit (68) is programmed, during standard operation, to translate the first electrically or electromechanically operated piston (28) so as to close the first bypass duct (44) when the first interface port (32) is activated, to fluidly disconnect the first manually operated piston (40) from the first hydraulic supply circuit (20), and to simultaneously operate the at least one first brake device (12). The brake system (4) includes a second manual operating device (92) that is operably connected to a second hydraulic system (96) equipped with a second manual operating piston (100), separate from the first interface port (32). The second manually operated piston (100) is hydraulically connected to the first indirect piston (42) via a second bypass duct (104) and is arranged in series upstream of the first indirect piston (42). A brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8), wherein the first indirect piston (42) is fluidly connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit (20) to actuate the at least one first brake device (12) and / or second brake device (72) via the first hydraulic supply circuit (20).

8. The brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) according to claim 7, wherein the second manual operating piston (100) is divided into a second direct piston (101) directly connected to the second manual operating device (92) and a second indirect piston (102) connected in series with the second direct piston (101) by the interposition of a second return spring (103).

9. The brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) according to claim 8, wherein the second indirect piston (102) is hydraulically connected to the first indirect piston (42) via the second bypass duct (104) and is arranged in series upstream of the first indirect piston (42).

10. The at least one first brake device (12) is operably connectable to the first wheel (16) of the first single axle of the motorcycle (8), The brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) according to claim 7, wherein the second brake device (72) is operably connectable to the second wheel (76) of the second axle of the motorcycle (8).

11. The brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) according to claim 7, wherein the first hydraulic device (36) and the second hydraulic device (96) are housed in the same pump body.

12. The second brake device (72) includes a second hydraulic supply circuit (80) that is operably connected to the second wheel (76) of the motorcycle (8) and is fluidly separated from the first hydraulic supply circuit (20), The brake system (4) for the motorcycle (8) further includes: A second electric actuator (84) having a second electric motor means operatively connected to a second electrically or electromechanically operated piston (88) which is fluidly connected to the second hydraulic supply circuit (80), The second interface port (92) is operably connected to a second hydraulic system (96) equipped with the second manual operating piston (100), The second manually operated piston (100) is hydraulically connected to the second hydraulic supply circuit (80) via the second bypass duct (104) and is arranged in series upstream of the second electrically or electromechanically operated piston (88). The processing and control unit (68) is operably connected to the second interface port (92) and the second electric actuator (84), A brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) according to claim 8, wherein during standard operation, when the second interface port (92) is activated, the second electrically or electromechanically actuated piston (88) is programmed to translate so as to close the second bypass duct (104), fluidly disconnecting the second manually operated piston (100) from the second hydraulic supply circuit (80), and activating the second brake device (72).

13. At least one of the upstream connecting duct (56) and the downstream connecting duct (60) is provided with at least one device (64, 86) having at least one operating state that allows fluid to pass through the corresponding connecting duct (56, 60) and an operating state such as a closed position that prevents fluid from passing through the corresponding connecting duct (56, 60), During standard operation, the brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) according to claim 12, wherein at least one device (64, 86) is switched so that the second indirect piston (102) does not move even after manual operation, while the second electrically or electromechanically actuated piston (88) is moved to simultaneously actuate the second brake device (72).

14. The brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) according to claim 12, wherein the processing and control unit is programmed to retract or retract the second electrically or electromechanically operated piston (88) so as not to block the second bypass duct (104) and to enable direct operation of the second brake device (72) by the second manually operated piston (100).

15. The brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) according to claim 13, wherein the processing and control unit (68) is programmed to switch the at least one device (64, 86) so that the second indirect piston (102) can move in accordance with manual operation in backup mode.

16. The brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) according to claim 13, wherein the at least one first brake device (12) and the second brake device (72) are located on different axles of the motorcycle.

17. The brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) according to claim 12, wherein the first hydraulic system and the second hydraulic system are housed in the same pump body.

18. The brake system (4) for a motorcycle (8) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one first brake device (12) and the second brake device (72) consist of a disc brake and / or a drum brake.

19. A motorcycle (8) comprising a brake system (4) for the motorcycle (8) according to Claim 1.

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