Concrete blocks, methods for laying concrete blocks

Abstract

To provide a concrete block for drainage, which requires the same amount of excavated soil as when laying a normal drainage channel, and can reduce product costs and simplify a laying process.SOLUTION: A concrete block comprises: a body part as a free-gradient gutter 100; a mounting body 30 attached to an outer surface of a side wall 13 in a state in which rotation of the outer surface of the side wall 13 in an in-plane direction is restricted when placed directly facing the outer surface of the side wall 13 of the free-gradient gutter 100, standing up from the outer surface of the side wall 13, and bored with a through-hole 36 penetrating in a member thickness direction; and a height adjuster 20 attached to the through-hole 36 and formed on a bolt 22 as an elongated body provided with a ground plate 24 at a tip part. A length of the height adjuster 20 protruding from the through-hole 36 can be changed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a concrete block and a method for laying the concrete block. More specifically, the present invention relates to a concrete block that enables low-cost manufacturing and laying work, and a method for laying the concrete block.

Background Art

[0002] There is known a gutter and a method for laying the gutter that are easy to construct even by one person and can shorten the construction days (Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-161961).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] The gutter and the method for laying the gutter disclosed in Patent Document 1 have problems such that the product cost increases because the configuration of the adjustment mechanism is formed by combining a plurality of members, and the adjustment mechanism is large with respect to the size of the main body of the drainage channel (concrete block), so that the amount of excavated soil at the laying location increases with respect to a normal drainage channel (concrete block), and the laying cost of the concrete block increases.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a concrete block having a simple product structure and capable of being provided at a low cost, and a method for laying the concrete block that has an amount of excavated soil comparable to that when laying a normal concrete block and enables low-cost laying work.

[0006] In other words, the present invention relates to a main body portion and, when facing the outer surface of the side wall of the main body portion, the rotation of the outer surface of the side wall in the in-plane direction is constrained, and the outer surface of the side wall Removable by interlocking protrusions and recesses. The device comprises a mounting body which is attached and rises from the outer surface of the side wall and has a through hole drilled through it in the thickness direction of the member, and a height adjuster which is attached to the through hole and is formed as a long body with a ground contact body at its tip, wherein the height adjuster is Since the rotation of the mounting body is constrained relative to the main body, the mounting body does not shift position. This concrete block is characterized in that the length of the protrusion from the through hole can be changed.

[0007] This allows for a simplified product structure and low cost, while also enabling the installation of concrete blocks with a similar amount of excavation as when laying ordinary concrete blocks, thus reducing installation costs.

[0008] Furthermore, the mounting body abuts against the outer surface of the side wall. 1st piece And, as stated above 1st piece It is formed integrally with the and stands up from the outer surface of the side wall and the through hole is drilled therein. 2nd piece It is preferable to have the following.

[0009] This makes it easier to attach the mounting body to the outer surface of the side wall of the main body, and also makes it easier to attach the height adjuster and adjust the height.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer surface of the side wall Hexagonal shape when viewed from the front A recess is formed, 1st piece The contact surface with the outer surface of the side wall in the above-mentioned area is fitted into the recess. Hexagonal prism It is preferable that a protrusion is provided.

[0011] This makes it easier to attach the mounting body to the side wall, and also reliably prevents the mounting body from rotating in the in-plane direction of the side wall.

[0012] Furthermore, it is preferable that at least a portion of the through hole has a female threaded portion formed therein, and that the elongated body is a bolt that screws into the female threaded portion.

[0013] This allows workers to adjust the height of concrete blocks during installation using power tools, significantly reducing the labor required for installation.

[0014] Furthermore, after the foundation crushed stone layer is constructed at the installation site, the main body is installed, and when the main body is facing the outer surface of the side wall, the rotation of the outer surface of the side wall in the in-plane direction is restrained. The outer surface of the side wall is designed to be removable by interlocking grooves and protrusions, The process involves attaching a mounting body having a through-hole drilled through it in the thickness direction of the member, inserting a height adjustment device formed on a long body having a ground contact body at its tip into the through-hole, bringing the ground contact body into contact with the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer, and fixing the height adjustment device to the mounting body while the main body is suspended in mid-air relative to the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer, Since the rotation of the mounting body is constrained relative to the main body, the process involves changing the protruding length of the height adjuster from the through hole without the mounting body shifting position. There is also an invention as a method for laying concrete blocks, characterized by having the step of pouring a filler material between the upper surface of the base crushed stone layer and the bottom surface of the main body.

[0015] This makes it possible to perform the installation work at a lower cost, using the same amount of excavated soil as when laying conventional concrete blocks.

[0016] Furthermore, the mounting body abuts against the outer surface of the side wall. 1st piece And, as stated above 1st piece It is formed integrally with the and stands up from the outer surface of the side wall and the through hole is drilled therein. 2nd piece It has and the outer surface of the side wall Hexagonal shape when viewed from the front A recess is formed, and the 1st piece The contact surface with the outer surface of the side wall of the said side wall is fitted into the recess. Hexagonal prism A protruding portion is erected, and the protruding portion is fitted into the recessed portion in an interlocking manner, 1st piece When facing the outer surface of the side wall, the rotation of the outer surface of the side wall in the in-plane direction is constrained. To make it removable It is preferable that it be installed.

[0017] This facilitates the attachment of the attachment body to the outer surface of the side wall in a state where rotation in the in-plane direction is restricted.

[0018] Also, a nut is attached to the above-mentioned 2nd piece aligned with the position of the through hole, the elongated body is a bolt, and by adjusting the protruding amount of the bolt from the above-mentioned 2nd piece , the grounding body is brought into contact with the upper surface of the base crushed stone layer, and the height adjuster is fixed to the above-mentioned 2nd piece while floating the main body portion from the upper surface of the base crushed stone layer, which is preferable.

[0019] This enables the proper laying of the concrete blocks, ensures the placement of the filling material, and prevents the settlement of the concrete blocks after being put into use.

[0020] Also, the main body portion is a free-gradient side groove, the filling material is concrete, and the step of placing the filling material between the upper surface of the base crushed stone layer and the bottom surface of the free-gradient side groove preferably also serves as the inverted placement of the free-gradient side groove.

[0021] This eliminates the need for placing the base concrete when laying the free-gradient side groove, enables the simultaneous placement of the filling material and the inverted placement, and can significantly reduce the labor required for laying the free-gradient side groove.

Advantages of the Invention

[0022] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a concrete block with a simple product structure that can be provided at a low cost, and a method for laying a concrete block that has the same amount of excavated soil as when laying ordinary concrete blocks and can perform the laying work at a low cost.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] [Figure 1]This is a plan view of the free-gradient side ditch in this embodiment. [Figure 2] This is a front view of the free-gradient side ditch in this embodiment. [Figure 3] This is a cross-sectional view along the line III-III in Figure 1. [Figure 4] This is a cross-sectional view along the line IV-IV in Figure 1. [Figure 5] This is a flowchart showing an example of the process for laying a free-gradient side ditch in this embodiment. [Figure 6] This is a front view showing the installation status of the free-gradient side ditch in this embodiment (excavation and construction of the foundation crushed stone layer). [Figure 7] This is a front view showing the installation status (temporary installation and fine adjustment of installation height) of the free-gradient side ditch in this embodiment. [Figure 8] This is a front view showing the installation status (concrete pouring and backfilling) of the free-gradient side ditch in this embodiment. [Figure 9] This is a side view of the main part of a free-gradient side ditch in another embodiment. [Figure 10] This is a front view showing the application of the present invention to an L-shaped retaining wall. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0024] In this embodiment, we will describe a configuration in which a free-gradient side ditch 100 is used as a concrete block. As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the free-gradient side ditch 100 in this embodiment has a main body 10, a height adjuster 20, and a mounting body 30 for attaching the height adjuster 20 to the main body 10. In this embodiment, up, down, front, back, left, and right will be described in terms of the direction of the arrows shown in Figures 1 and 2.

[0025] The main body 10 is formed in an inverted U-shape, having a top plate 12 and side walls 13 extending downward from both ends of the top plate 12 in the left-right direction (width direction). The top plate 12 has openings 14 that penetrate the top plate 12 in the thickness direction at required intervals in the front-rear direction (length direction). On the outer surface of the side walls 13 at both ends in the front-rear direction, hexagonal recesses 15 are formed when viewed from the front. Insert screws (not shown) for attaching eye bolts as suspension devices can also be embedded in the inner bottom surface of the recesses 15.

[0026] The height adjuster 20 in this embodiment has a bolt 22 as a long body and a grounding plate 24 as a grounding body attached to the lower end (tip) of the bolt 22. Furthermore, a projection 26 that bites into the grounding surface (in this case, the foundation crushed stone layer 300) is formed on the lower surface (bottom surface) of the grounding plate 24. In this embodiment, a bolt 22 is used as the long body and a metal grounding plate 24 (including the projection 26) is used as the grounding body, but the long body and grounding body are not limited to these forms.

[0027] The mounting body 30 is formed as an L-shaped plate having a first side 32 that abuts against the outer surface of the side wall 13 and a second side 34 that is bent to stand perpendicular to the first side 32. A hexagonal prism-shaped protrusion 33 is formed on the abutment surface of the first side 32 against the outer surface of the side wall 13, which fits into a recess 15 formed in the side wall 13. The second side 34 has a through hole 36 that penetrates in the thickness direction of the second side 34 and through which a bolt 22 is inserted, and a nut 38 is disposed with its female threaded portion aligned with the through hole 36. The nut 38 is disposed so as to sandwich the second side 34 from above and below, the upper nut 38 of the second side 34 is not fixed but is screwed onto the bolt 22, and the lower nut 38 of the second side 34 is fixed by welding or the like.

[0028] In this way, the second side 34 has a female thread formed in at least a portion of the height direction of the through hole 36. In this embodiment, the height adjuster 20 is constructed by first inserting (screwing) a bolt 22 through the through hole 36 and a nut 38, and then fixing a ground plate 24 to the lower end of the bolt 22 by welding or the like. The bolt 22 attached to the second side 34 of the mounting body 30 in this way has a protruding length from the lower surface of the second side 34 that can be changed. The protruding length of the bolt 22 can be firmly maintained in a state where the protruding length from the lower surface of the second side 34 is adjusted by bringing the nut 38, which is located on the upper side of the second side 34, into contact with the upper surface of the second side 34.

[0029] The height adjuster 20 and mounting body 30 formed in this manner are attached to the outer surface of the side wall 13 of the main body 10 by fitting the protrusion 33 of the mounting body 30 into the recess 15 of the side wall 13. When the mounting body 30 is facing the outer surface of the side wall 13, the protrusion 33 of the mounting body 30 fits into the recess 15 of the side wall 13, so that when the mounting body 30 is facing the outer surface of the side wall 13, it is attached to the side wall 13 in a state where rotation in the in-plane direction of the side wall 13 is restrained (it is fixed so as not to move from the recess 15).

[0030] The free-gradient side ditch 100 in this embodiment has the configuration described above. The free-gradient side ditch 100 in this embodiment has a main body 10 with a general structure, a height adjuster 20 and a mounting body 30. However, since both the height adjuster 20 and the mounting body 30 have an extremely simple structure, the increase in manufacturing cost is within an acceptable range. Furthermore, the increase in volume compared to conventional products is almost negligible.

[0031] Next, the process of laying the free-gradient side ditch 100 in this embodiment will be explained with reference to Figures 5 to 8. Figure 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the process of laying the free-gradient side ditch 100 in this embodiment, and Figures 6 to 8 are front views showing the state at each stage of the process. First, as shown in Figure 6(A), the worker excavates the original ground 200 at the laying location 210 of the free-gradient side ditch 100. The excavation range (amount of excavated soil) is the same as the excavation range (amount of excavated soil) when laying conventional products.

[0032] Next, the workers construct a foundation crushed stone layer 300 of the required thickness from the bottom of the excavation. The foundation crushed stone layer 300 is thoroughly compacted. Next, as shown in Figure 7(A), the workers temporarily install the main body 10 of the free-gradient side ditch 100 using heavy machinery (not shown). In conventional technology, after the temporary installation of the main body 10, fine adjustment of the height position (leveling) is performed using a crowbar or the like, so it is necessary to construct a foundation concrete layer on top of the foundation crushed stone layer 300. In contrast, in this embodiment, since it is not necessary to use a crowbar to adjust the height position after temporary installation, the construction of the foundation concrete layer can be omitted, which reduces construction costs and significantly shortens the construction period.

[0033] Next, as shown in Figure 7(B), the worker rotates the bolt 22 of the height adjustment device 20 with a power tool or the like to bring the grounding plate 24 into contact with the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer 300. In addition, since a projection 26 is formed on the bottom surface of the grounding plate 24 in this embodiment, when the grounding plate 24 is in contact with the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer 300, the rotation of the grounding plate 24 is restrained by the foundation crushed stone layer 300. When the bolt 22, in this state where the rotation of the grounding plate 24 is restrained, is rotated with a power tool or the like to adjust the amount of protrusion of the bolt 22 from the upper surface of the second side 34 (adjusting the height), a rotational moment acts on the mounting body 30, raising concerns about displacement of the mounting body 30. To address these concerns, the mounting body 30 in this embodiment, through the interlocking of the convex portion 33 and the concave portion 15, allows the mounting body 30 (first side 32) attached to the side wall 13 to be changed in length without displacement even when a rotational moment acts on the mounting body 30. By further rotating the bolt 22, the height position of the second side 34 of the mounting body 30 relative to the bolt 22 (i.e., the height position of the main body 10) can be moved upward.

[0034] Thus, with the free-gradient side ditch 100 in this embodiment, after the temporary installation of the free-gradient side ditch 100 using heavy machinery, one worker can perform fine adjustments (leveling) of the installation height of the main body 10, thereby significantly reducing the labor required for construction work. Once the adjustment of the installation height of the main body 10 is complete, in most cases, as shown in Figure 7(B), a gap 400 is formed between the bottom surface of the main body 10 and the top surface of the foundation crushed stone layer 300, and the main body 10 is installed suspended in mid-air relative to the top surface of the foundation crushed stone layer 300.

[0035] Next, as shown in Figure 8(A), the worker pours concrete 500 as a filler into the gap 400 between the bottom surface of the main body 10 and the top surface of the foundation crushed stone layer 300. When pouring the concrete 500, it is preferable to form a simple formwork using a baseboard or the like on the outside of the outer surface of the side wall 13. By pouring concrete 500 into the gap 400, the main body 10, which was suspended in mid-air, can be placed (held) on the concrete 500, preventing the main body 10 from shifting position. Furthermore, by using concrete 500 as a filler in the free-gradient side ditch 100, the invert pouring of the free-gradient side ditch 100 can be carried out at the same time, which also makes it possible to reduce labor and costs in construction. When pouring the invert, a predetermined gradient is applied in the front-to-back direction (length direction). Then, after the concrete 500 has hardened to the extent that it will not deform during backfilling, the workers use heavy machinery to backfill the excavated soil and other materials 600, and compact the backfill material 600. Finally, the installation of the free-gradient side ditch 100 is completed by laying a cover such as a grating (not shown) over the opening 14.

[0036] As described above, the method for laying the free-gradient side ditch 100 in this embodiment allows for the temporary installation of the main body 10 using heavy machinery, etc., without the need to construct a foundation concrete. Furthermore, fine adjustments to the installation height of the main body 10 after temporary installation can be easily handled by a single worker. Moreover, it is possible to simultaneously pour concrete 500 to stably hold the main body 10 after installation and pour the invert for the free-gradient side ditch 100. As a result, this method is advantageous in that it allows for a significant reduction in construction time and construction costs compared to conventional methods for laying the free-gradient side ditch 100.

[0037] Although the concrete block in this embodiment has been described in detail using a free-gradient side ditch 100 as an example, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. For example, in this embodiment, a bolt 22 is used as the elongated body, but the elongated body is not limited to a bolt 22, and a form using a simple rod or plate-like body can be adopted. In this case, after adjusting the protruding length of the elongated body from the lower surface of the second side 34, it is necessary to provide a stopper to maintain the protruding length of the elongated body from the lower surface of the second side 34. Also, although the form in this embodiment is illustrated in which protruding bodies 26 are erected in a matrix on the bottom surface of the ground plate 24, the arrangement of the protruding bodies 26 can be omitted.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a configuration in which the front view shape of the recess 15 and the protrusion 33 is formed into a hexagon is illustrated, but the front view shape of the recess 15 and the protrusion 33 is not limited to a hexagon, and a combination of a plate-shaped protrusion 33 and a groove-shaped recess 15 can be adopted. In short, it is sufficient that the protrusion 33 of the mounting body 30 can be inserted into the recess 15 while constraining the rotation of the outer surface of the side wall 13 in the in-plane direction when facing the outer surface of the side wall 13, and the specific shape is not particularly limited.

[0039] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when attaching the mounting body 30 to the outer surface of the side wall 13, a recess 15 is formed on the outer surface of the side wall 13, and a protrusion 33 that enters the recess 15 is formed as an example, but the embodiment is not limited to this embodiment. For example, as shown in Figure 9, an embodiment can also be adopted in which multiple locations on the first side 32 of the mounting body 30 are fixed to the outer surface of the side wall 13 with concrete nails 39. In this embodiment as well, the first side 32 of the mounting body 30 can be fixed in contact with the outer surface of the side wall 13 while restricting rotation in the in-plane direction of the outer surface of the side wall 13.

[0040] Furthermore, although a free-gradient side ditch 100 is exemplified as a concrete block in this embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this form. The present invention is not limited to a free-gradient side ditch 100 as a drainage concrete block, but can also be applied to drainage concrete blocks such as U-shaped ditches and catch basins, and earth-retaining concrete blocks such as L-shaped retaining wall blocks 110. In addition, the mounting body 30 can be a flat plate formed in a rectangular shape as shown in Figure 10, with a through hole 36 drilled through in the thickness direction of the member. When such a mounting body 30 is used, a mounting recess 115 is formed in the retaining wall side wall 113 of the L-shaped retaining wall block main body 111, having a cross-sectional shape into which the mounting body 30 can be inserted. By inserting the mounting body 30 into the mounting recess 115, the mounting body 30 can be attached to the outer surface of the retaining wall side wall 113 while its rotation in the in-plane direction is constrained.

[0041] Furthermore, while this embodiment illustrates a configuration in which the height adjuster 20 and mounting body 30 are embedded in the installation location 210 together with the free-gradient side ditch 100, the embodiment is not limited to this configuration. When pouring concrete 500 into the gap 400 between the bottom surface of the main body 10 and the top surface of the foundation crushed stone layer 300, a simple formwork can be formed so that the grounding plate 24 and bolts 22 are not embedded in the concrete 500. This is advantageous because, after the concrete 500 has hardened, the height adjuster 20 and mounting body 30 can be removed from the main body 10 before backfilling, and the height adjuster 20 and mounting body 30 can be reused repeatedly.

[0042] Furthermore, it is also possible to adopt a form of drainage concrete block in which each of the above-described variations is arbitrarily combined. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0043] 10: Main body 12: Top panel, 13: Side wall, 14: Opening, 15: Recess 20: Height adjuster 22: Bolt (long body), 24: Grounding plate (grounding body), 26: Protruding body 30: Mounting body 32: First side, 33: Protrusion, 34: Second side, 36: Through hole, 38: Nut 39: Concrete nails 100: Free-gradient side ditch (concrete block) 110: L-shaped retaining wall block (concrete block) 111: L-shaped retaining wall block main body 113: Retaining wall side wall, 115: Mounting recess 200: Original Ground Conditions 210: Installation location 300: Foundation crushed stone layer 400: Gap 500: Concrete (filling material) 600: Backfill material

Claims

1. The main body and A mounting body is attached to the outer surface of the side wall of the main body by interlocking grooves, in a state where rotation in the in-plane direction of the outer surface of the side wall is constrained when the mounting body is facing the outer surface of the side wall of the main body, and the mounting body is erected from the outer surface of the side wall and has a through hole drilled through it in the thickness direction of the member, The device comprises a height adjustment device formed on a long body which is fitted into the aforementioned through hole and has a ground contact body at its tip, The height adjustment device is characterized in that, since the rotation of the mounting body is constrained relative to the main body, the length of the protrusion from the through hole can be changed without the mounting body shifting position.

2. The concrete block according to claim 1, characterized in that the mounting body has a first piece that abuts against the outer surface of the side wall, and a second piece that is integrally formed with the first piece, rises from the outer surface of the side wall, and has the through hole drilled through it.

3. A hexagonal recess is formed on the outer surface of the aforementioned side wall when viewed from the front. The concrete block according to claim 2, characterized in that the contact surface of the first piece with the outer surface of the side wall is provided with a hexagonal prism-shaped protrusion that fits into the recess.

4. The concrete block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least a portion of the through hole is formed with a female thread, and the elongated body is a bolt that screws into the female thread.

5. The concrete block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the main body is a free-gradient side ditch.

6. After the foundation crushed stone layer is constructed at the installation site, the main body is installed. A step of attaching a mounting body having a through hole drilled through the thickness direction of the member, such that when the mounting body is facing the outer surface of the side wall of the main body, rotation of the outer surface of the side wall in the in-plane direction is restrained, and the mounting body is removable by interlocking with the outer surface of the side wall. The steps include inserting a height adjustment device, formed on a long body having a ground contact body at its tip, into the through hole, bringing the ground contact body into contact with the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer, and fixing the height adjustment device to the mounting body while the main body is suspended in mid-air relative to the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer, Since the rotation of the mounting body is constrained relative to the main body, the process involves changing the protruding length of the height adjuster from the through hole without the mounting body shifting position. A method for laying concrete blocks, characterized by comprising the step of pouring a filler material between the upper surface of the base crushed stone layer and the bottom surface of the main body.

7. The mounting body has a first piece that abuts against the outer surface of the side wall, and a second piece that is integrally formed with the first piece, rises from the outer surface of the side wall, and has the through hole drilled through it. A hexagonal recess is formed on the outer surface of the side wall when viewed from the front, and a hexagonal prism-shaped protrusion that fits into the recess is erected on the contact surface of the first piece with the outer surface of the side wall. The method for laying concrete blocks according to claim 6, characterized in that the first piece is attached in such a way that it can be removed while restricting rotation in the in-plane direction of the outer surface of the side wall when the first piece is facing the outer surface of the side wall, by fitting the protrusion into the recess in an interlocking manner.

8. The second piece has a nut attached to it, aligned with the position of the through hole, and the elongated body is a bolt, The method for laying concrete blocks according to claim 7, characterized in that the amount of protrusion of the bolt from the second piece is adjusted so that the contact body is brought into contact with the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer, and the height adjustment device is fixed to the second piece while the main body is lifted above the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer.

9. The main body is a free-gradient side ditch, and the filling material is concrete, The concrete block laying method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the step of placing the filler material between the upper surface of the base crushed stone layer and the bottom surface of the free-gradient side ditch also serves as the invert placement for the free-gradient side ditch.

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