Osteoclast differentiation inhibitors

Abstract

To provide a safe agent for osteoporosis.SOLUTION: The foregoing problem can be solved by an osteoclast differentiation inhibitor that comprises ground or extracted substances from plants selected from the group consisting of coriander, bay laurel, cardamon, chili pepper, pepper, sage, and clove.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an osteoclast differentiation inhibitor. According to the present invention, osteoporosis can be prevented or treated.

Background Art

[0002] Osteoporosis is common in women and is mainly caused by the disruption of hormonal balance after menopause. It is also said to be caused by aging, genetic constitution,偏食 (unbalanced diet), extreme dieting, smoking, or excessive alcohol consumption.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] s As a drug for treating osteoporosis, bisphosphonate drugs are known (Patent Document 1). However, there are also reports of side effects, and the development of a safe drug for osteoporosis is expected. An object of the present invention is to provide a safe drug for osteoporosis.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] As a result of earnestly researching a safe drug for osteoporosis, the present inventor surprisingly found that a pulverized product or extract of a specific herb suppresses the differentiation of osteoclasts. The present invention is based on such findings. Therefore, the present invention provides [1] An osteoclast differentiation inhibitor containing a pulverized product or extract of a plant selected from the group consisting of coriander, laurel, cardamom, chili pepper, pepper, sage, and clove. [2] The osteoclast differentiation inhibitor according to [1], wherein the extract is an extract obtained from a polar organic solvent, an aqueous solvent, or a mixed solvent containing a polar organic solvent or an aqueous solvent. [3] The osteoclast differentiation inhibitor according to [1] or [2], wherein the plant is the fruit of coriander, the leaves of bay laurel, the fruit of cardamom, the fruit of chili pepper, the fruit of pepper, the leaves, stems, or flower spikes of sage, or the flower buds of clove. A pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis, comprising an osteoclast differentiation inhibitor as described in any of [4][1] to [3], and A food composition for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis, comprising an osteoclast differentiation inhibitor as described in any of [5][1] to [3], Regarding. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] The osteoclast differentiation inhibitor of the present invention can suppress the differentiation of osteoclasts. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0007] [Figure 1] This graph shows the inhibitory effect of coriander extract on osteoclast differentiation. [Figure 2] This graph shows the inhibitory effect of laurel extract on osteoclast differentiation. [Figure 3] This graph shows the inhibitory effect of chili pepper extract on osteoclast differentiation. [Figure 4] This graph shows the inhibitory effect of pepper extract on osteoclast differentiation. [Figure 5] This graph shows the inhibitory effect of clove extract on osteoclast differentiation. [Figure 6] This graph shows the inhibitory effect of cardamom extract on osteoclast differentiation. [Figure 7] This graph shows the inhibitory effect of sage extract on osteoclast differentiation. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0008] The osteoclast differentiation inhibitor of the present invention comprises a powder or extract of a plant selected from the group consisting of coriander, bay leaf, cardamom, chili pepper, black pepper, sage, and clove.

[0009] "coriander" Coriander is a species of the Apiaceae family and is used as a spice. As a spice, the whole plant may be used, or the fruit and seeds may be used as coriander seeds, or the leaves and stems may be used as coriander leaves or cilantro. In this invention, the part of the coriander used is not particularly limited and may include the whole plant, roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, or seeds, or a mixture of at least two of these, but the fruit is preferred. When performing grinding or extraction operations, coriander may be used fresh or dried (for example, freeze-dried). When extracting, it is preferable to process it into a crushed or powdered state to improve extraction efficiency.

[0010] "laurel" The bay laurel is a plant belonging to the genus Laurus in the family Lauraceae, and its leaves are called laurel. It is said to be native to the Mediterranean coast and has a refreshing, distinct aroma, and is used for flavoring. It is used to eliminate the odor of meat and as a spice in stews such as European-style curries and pot-au-feu. When crushing or extracting bay leaves, they may be used fresh or dried (for example, freeze-dried). When extracting, it is preferable to process them into crushed or powdered form to improve extraction efficiency.

[0011] "cardamom" There are two types of cardamom: green cardamom and black cardamom. The cardamom used in this invention is green cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum). Green cardamom is a perennial plant of the ginger family, native to India, Sri Lanka, and the Malay Peninsula, and is also called cardamom. The part of the cardamom used is not particularly limited and can be the whole plant, roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, or seeds, or a mixture of at least two of these, but the fruit is preferred. The green fruit of cardamom is dried with the seeds still inside and used as a spice, either as is or ground into a powder. In this invention, when performing the crushing or extraction operation, the cardamom may be used raw or dried (for example, freeze-dried). When extracting, it is preferable to process it into a crushed or powdered state to improve the extraction efficiency.

[0012] Chili peppers Chili peppers are plants belonging to the genus Capsicum in the Solanaceae family, native to Central and South America, and their fruits are used as a spice. There are various types of chili peppers, and the chili pepper used in this invention is not limited to these, but for example, red chili peppers or green chili peppers can be used. The parts of the chili pepper used are not particularly limited and may include the whole plant, roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, or seeds, or a mixture of at least two of these, but fruits are preferred. The chili pepper may be used fresh or dried (e.g., freeze-dried) during the crushing or extraction process. When extracting, it is preferable to process it into crushed or powdered form to improve extraction efficiency.

[0013] "pepper" Pepper is a vine plant belonging to the genus Piper of the Piperaceae family, and its fruit is used as a spice. In the present invention, the part of pepper used is not particularly limited, and examples include the whole plant, roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, or seeds, or a mixture of at least two of them, but the fruit is preferred. When performing a grinding operation or an extraction operation, pepper may be used raw or may be dried (e.g., freeze-dried). When extracting, it is preferable to process it into a crushed or powdered state to improve the extraction efficiency.

[0014] 《Sage》 Sage is a perennial herb or evergreen shrub of the genus Salvia of the Lamiaceae family native to the Mediterranean. It is about 50 - 70 cm tall and blooms purple or white labiate flowers around May to July. The oblong and petiolate leaves are opposite and have fine wrinkles on the surface, and the leaves are used as a spice. The part of sage used is not particularly limited, and examples include the whole plant, roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, or seeds, or a mixture of at least two of them, but leaves, stems, or flower spikes are preferred, and combinations of two or more of these (leaves and stems, leaves and flower spikes, stems and flower spikes, or leaves, stems, and flower spikes) are also acceptable. When performing a grinding operation or an extraction operation, sage may be used raw or may be dried (e.g., freeze-dried). When extracting, it is preferable to process it into a crushed or powdered state to improve the extraction efficiency.

[0015] 《Cloves》 Cloves is a tree, Eugenia caryophyllata, of the Myrtaceae family, and its flower buds are used as a spice. In the present invention, the part of cloves used is not particularly limited, and examples include the whole plant, roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, flower buds, or seeds, or a mixture of at least two of them, but flower buds are preferred. When performing a grinding operation or an extraction operation, cloves may be used raw or may be dried (e.g., freeze-dried). When extracting, it is preferable to process it into a crushed or powdered state to improve the extraction efficiency. <(

[0016] Crushed material The plant pulverized material in this invention is not particularly limited as long as it is in a state in which the plant has been pulverized, but examples include powder, granules, or paste-like pulverized material, but powder is preferred. Furthermore, powders that have been molded or granulated into, for example, cubes, blocks, or granules can also be preferably used. The processing for creating the pulverized material is not particularly limited, but examples include pulverizing the plant body using pulverizing equipment or tools such as crushers, mills, blenders, mixers, and millstones, in any method commonly used by those skilled in the art. The plant body may be dried before pulverization. Drying methods include freeze-drying, vacuum drying, forced-air drying, or heat drying.

[0017] When the plant material contained in the osteoclast differentiation inhibitor of the present invention is in the form of pulverized material, it is not limited to, but for example, the average longest diameter of the pulverized plant material can be 0.01 to 2 mm, preferably 0.01 to 1.5 mm, more preferably 0.01 to 1 mm, even more preferably 0.01 to 0.75 mm, and most preferably 0.01 to 0.5 mm. Furthermore, it is possible to use pulverized plant material in which 90% by weight or more has a longest diameter of 0.01 to 2 mm, preferably 0.01 to 1.5 mm, more preferably 0.01 to 1 mm, even more preferably 0.01 to 0.75 mm, and most preferably 0.01 to 0.5 mm. In addition, it is possible to use pulverized plant material in which 90% by weight or more passes through 8.6 mesh (2 mm), 10 mesh (1.7 mm), 16 mesh (1 mm), or 30 mesh (0.5 mm) according to the JIS test sieve mesh conversion table. The average longest diameter of the plant material can be measured using known instruments for measuring particle size. Alternatively, it can be calculated by selecting 100 randomly selected plant fragments, measuring their longest diameters using a stereomicroscope, and then calculating the average of these measurements.

[0018] 《Extract》 Extracts containing active ingredients can be extracted by conventional extraction methods used for extracting plant-derived components. While not limited to these methods, examples include solvent extraction, steam distillation, pressing (direct, high temperature, or low temperature), or supercritical fluid extraction. Combinations of these methods, such as pressing followed by solvent extraction, are also permitted, but solvent extraction is preferred. The plants used for extraction may be fresh or dried. Furthermore, to improve extraction efficiency, the plants may be processed into crushed or powdered form before extraction.

[0019] (Solvent extraction method) The extraction solvent used in the solvent extraction method is not limited as long as it can sufficiently extract the active ingredient into the extract. For example, an organic solvent, an aqueous solvent, or a mixed solvent of an organic solvent and an aqueous solvent can be used, but preferably a polar organic solvent, an aqueous solvent, or a mixed solvent containing a polar organic solvent or an aqueous solvent is used. The active ingredient that inhibits osteoclast differentiation contained in the osteoclast differentiation inhibitor of the present invention is thought to dissolve efficiently in polar solvents such as aqueous solvents or polar organic solvents. Therefore, polar organic solvents or aqueous solvents are particularly preferred as the extraction solvent.

[0020] Examples of organic solvents include alcohols, acetone, benzene, esters, ethyl acetate, hexane, chloroform, or diethyl ether, but polar organic solvents are preferred. Examples of polar organic solvents include alcohols, esters, ethyl acetate, hexane, chloroform, or diethyl ether. The alcohol is not limited as long as the active ingredient can be sufficiently extracted into the extract, but examples include monohydric alcohols with 1 to 5 carbon atoms such as methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, and butyl alcohol, and polyhydric alcohols with 2 to 5 carbon atoms such as 1,3-butylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and glycerin.

[0021] The aqueous solvent is not limited as long as it contains water; for example, water, physiological saline, or buffer solutions can be used. Examples of buffer solutions include phosphate buffer, sodium phosphate buffer, sodium carbonate buffer, citrate buffer, citrate-phosphate buffer, acetate buffer, and Tris buffer. A preferred aqueous solvent is sodium phosphate buffer. The pH of the aqueous solvent is not particularly limited.

[0022] Furthermore, the extract used in the osteoclast differentiation inhibitor of the present invention can be extracted using a mixed solvent containing a polar organic solvent. The amount of polar organic solvent contained in the mixed solvent is not limited as long as the active ingredient can be sufficiently extracted into the extract, but the content of the polar organic solvent relative to the total amount of the extraction solvent can be, for example, 50% by weight or more, 70% by weight or more, or 90% by weight or more. The extract used in the osteoclast differentiation inhibitor of the present invention can be extracted using a mixed solvent containing an aqueous solvent. The amount of aqueous solvent contained in the mixed solvent is not limited as long as the active ingredient can be sufficiently extracted into the extract, but the content of the aqueous solvent relative to the total amount of the extraction solvent can be, for example, 50% by weight or more, 70% by weight or more, or 90% by weight or more.

[0023] When the extract is extracted by solvent extraction, the extraction temperature is not particularly limited, as long as it is a temperature at which the active ingredients can be sufficiently extracted into the extract, but it is preferably between -50°C and 150°C. The lower limit of the extraction temperature is -25°C or higher in some embodiments, 0°C or higher in some embodiments, 5°C or higher in some embodiments, 10°C or higher in some embodiments, 30°C or higher in some embodiments, and 50°C or higher in some embodiments. The upper limit of the extraction temperature is 120°C or lower in some embodiments, 100°C or lower in some embodiments, 80°C or lower in some embodiments, 50°C or lower in some embodiments, and 20°C or lower in some embodiments. The upper and lower limits of the temperature can be combined as appropriate.

[0024] Furthermore, during extraction, it is preferable to carry out the extraction while stirring or shaking to improve extraction efficiency. The extraction time can be appropriately determined depending on the part to be used, such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, or seeds. The extraction time can also be appropriately determined depending on the state of the plant, i.e., whether it is fresh or dried, or if it has been processed into crushed or powdered material, it can be appropriately determined depending on the processing state. In addition, the extraction time can be appropriately determined depending on the temperature of the extract or the extraction conditions, such as whether or not stirring or shaking is performed. The extraction time is usually between 1 minute and 72 hours, preferably between 1 hour and 48 hours, and most preferably between 12 hours and 36 hours.

[0025] (Steam distillation method) The plant extracts contained in the osteoclast differentiation inhibitor of the present invention can be extracted by steam distillation. Steam distillation is a method in which steam is passed through raw materials packed in a column, and the aromatic components that distill out with the steam are condensed together with the steam. As the distillation method, any of pressurized steam distillation, atmospheric steam distillation, or reduced-pressure steam distillation can be used.

[0026] (Compression method) The pressing method is a method of extracting extracts by applying physical pressure to plants. There are three types of pressing methods: direct pressing at room temperature, high-temperature pressing at high temperatures, and cold pressing at low temperatures. The extract contained in the osteoclast differentiation inhibitor of the present invention can be extracted using any of these pressing methods.

[0027] (Supercritical extraction method) The extract contained in the osteoclast differentiation inhibitor of the present invention can be extracted using supercritical fluid extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction is a method of extracting extracts from specific plants using a substance in a supercritical state. For example, carbon dioxide can be used as a substance in a supercritical state. Because carbon dioxide in a supercritical state has strong dissolving power, it is commonly used for decaffeination of coffee, or for extracting fragrances and pharmaceutical components from natural raw materials such as plants.

[0028] Active ingredients The active ingredient contained in the osteoclast differentiation inhibitor of the present invention is contained in an extract derived from a plant. Therefore, the plant contains components that inhibit osteoclast differentiation, and the pulverized material of the plant also contains the active ingredient contained in the extract. Consequently, the pulverized material of the plant can also be used as an osteoclast differentiation inhibitor. The active ingredient contained in the aforementioned plant extract may be a fraction containing an active ingredient separated from the plant extract, or a purified active ingredient.

[0029] 《Inhibition of osteoclast differentiation》 The osteoclast differentiation inhibitor of the present invention suppresses the differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells into osteoclasts. Osteoclasts are multinucleated giant cells that originate from hematopoietic stem cells and are formed by the fusion of several cells. Osteoclasts exhibit tertrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in their cytoplasm. RANKL (receptor activator of NF-κB ligand), a differentiation-inducing signal for osteoclasts, binds to the receptor (RANK) on the membrane of osteoclast precursor cells, initiating differentiation into osteoclasts. The osteoclast differentiation inhibitor of the present invention is an agent that suppresses the differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells into osteoclasts. When the differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells into osteoclasts is promoted, the number of osteoclasts may increase and bone resorption may be promoted. An excessive increase in bone resorption can lead to bone destruction and may cause resorbable bone diseases such as osteoporosis, periodontal disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. The osteoclast differentiation inhibitor of the present invention is basically administered to patients with enhanced osteoclast differentiation. In addition to the promotion of differentiation from osteoclast precursor cells into osteoclasts, the causes of resorbable bone diseases include the promotion of bone resorption by osteoclasts and the decrease in bone formation by osteoblasts, but as described above, the osteoclast differentiation inhibitor of the present invention is administered to patients with resorbable bone diseases who have enhanced osteoclast differentiation.

[0030] "osteoporosis" Bone tissue is maintained by the destruction (bone resorption) by osteoclasts and the formation (bone formation) by osteoblasts. Under normal conditions, a balance of activity is maintained between osteoclasts and osteoblasts. When this balance shifts towards destruction (bone resorption), bone mass decreases, leading to resorbent bone diseases such as osteoporosis. For example, osteoporosis is a disease in which bones become porous and brittle, and even the load of daily life can cause fractures. Fractures in the elderly can lead to being bedridden, significantly reducing quality of life. Osteoporosis is more common in postmenopausal women and older men, with reports indicating that approximately 30% of women in their 60s and over 40% in their 70s have osteoporosis, while approximately 10% of men in their 60s and about 20% in their 70s have osteoporosis.

[0031] Pharmaceutical compositions The pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis of the present invention comprises the osteoclast differentiation inhibitor. The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises a powder or extract of a plant selected from the group consisting of coriander, bay leaf, cardamom, chili pepper, black pepper, sage, and clove, and can be used for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis. Furthermore, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be used as a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting osteoclast differentiation. The dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can include oral and parenteral preparations, but oral preparations are preferred. Examples of oral preparations include solid or powdered preparations such as fine granules, granules, tablets, capsules, and pills, as well as liquid preparations such as suspensions, emulsions, syrups, and extracts. Examples of parenteral preparations include injectable preparations.

[0032] The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may consist of or contain plant powder or plant extract. If the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention contains plant powder or plant extract, other additives may be included.

[0033] When the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is an oral preparation, other additives may include excipients, binders, disintegrants, emulsifiers, lubricants, flow enhancers, diluents, preservatives, colorants, flavorings, stabilizers, humectants, preservatives, antioxidants, or suspending agents. Specifically, these may include, for example, gelatin, sodium alginate, starch, corn starch, sucrose, lactose, glucose, mannitol, carboxymethylcellulose, dextrin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, crystalline cellulose, soy lecithin, sucrose, fatty acid esters, talc, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol, magnesium silicate, anhydrous silicic acid, or synthetic aluminum silicate.

[0034] When the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is a parenteral agent, other additives may include water-soluble solvents such as physiological saline or Ringer's solution, water-insoluble solvents such as vegetable oil or fatty acid esters, isotonic agents such as glucose or sodium chloride, solubilizers, stabilizers, preservatives, suspending agents, or emulsifiers.

[0035] The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may contain 90% or more by weight, 50% or more by weight, 10% or more by weight, or 1% or more by weight of plant powder or extract.

[0036] The dosage or intake of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be appropriately adjusted according to the formulation form and the age, sex, weight, and severity of symptoms of the subject of use, but it is preferable that the amount administered or ingested is sufficient to prevent the onset of osteoporosis or to alleviate or treat osteoporosis that has already developed. Specifically, the amount can be 0.01 to 1000 mg / kg body weight / day, preferably 0.1 to 750 mg / kg body weight / day, more preferably 1 to 500 mg / kg body weight / day, even more preferably 5 to 400 mg / kg body weight / day, even more preferably 10 to 300 mg / kg body weight / day, even more preferably 15 to 200 mg / kg body weight / day, or most preferably 20 to 150 mg / kg body weight / day, converted to the amount of added plant aqueous solvent extract. Of course, the above administration method is just an example, and other administration methods may be used. It is desirable that the method of administration, dosage, duration of administration, and administration interval of the pharmaceutical composition to humans be determined by controlled clinical trials.

[0037] The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be administered to humans, but the recipient may also be animals other than humans, such as birds, pigs, and horses.

[0038] The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis. The pharmaceutical composition includes pharmaceuticals and quasi-drugs. Examples of pharmaceuticals include herbal medicine preparations and Kampo preparations. Examples of quasi-drugs include nutritional drinks and health supplements containing herbal medicines.

[0039] Food Compositions The food composition for preventing or treating osteoporosis of the present invention contains the osteoclast differentiation inhibitor. The food composition of the present invention contains a powder or extract of a plant selected from the group consisting of coriander, bay leaf, cardamom, chili pepper, sage, pepper, and clove, and can be used for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis. Furthermore, the food composition of the present invention can be used as a food composition for inhibiting osteoclast differentiation.

[0040] Specifically, food products include: fresh prepared foods such as salads; cooked foods such as steaks, pizzas, and hamburgers; stir-fried foods such as stir-fried vegetables; vegetables such as tomatoes, bell peppers, celery, bitter melon, carrots, potatoes, and asparagus, and processed foods made from these vegetables; confectionery such as cookies, bread, biscuits, hardtack, cakes, rice crackers, yokan, puddings, jellies, ice cream, chewing gum, crackers, chips, chocolate, and candy; noodles such as udon, pasta, and soba; processed fish products such as kamaboko, ham, and fish sausage; dairy products such as cheese, cream, and butter; seasonings such as miso, soy sauce, dressings, ketchup, mayonnaise, soup bases, noodle soup bases, curry powder, mirin, and roux; soy products such as tofu; processed agricultural and marine products such as furikake, tsukudani, and cereals; and konjac.

[0041] Examples of beverages include coffee beverages; cocoa beverages; vegetable juices obtained from the aforementioned vegetables; fruit juices such as grapefruit juice, orange juice, grape juice, and lemon juice; tea beverages such as green tea, black tea, sencha, and oolong tea; alcoholic beverages such as beer, wine (red wine, white wine, or sparkling wine, etc.), sake, plum wine, sparkling wine, whiskey, brandy, shochu, rum, gin, and liqueurs; dairy beverages; soy milk beverages; liquid foods; and sports drinks.

[0042] Food and beverages include animal feed and beverages. Examples of animals include primates such as humans, birds, pigs, or horses.

[0043] These foods or beverages may optionally contain food additives and food ingredients such as antioxidants, flavorings, acidulants, colorings, emulsifiers, preservatives, seasonings, sweeteners, spices, pH adjusters, stabilizers, vegetable oils, animal oils, sugars and sugar alcohols, vitamins, organic acids, fruit juice extracts, vegetable extracts, grains, legumes, vegetables, meats, and seafood, either individually or in combination of two or more. The amounts of these food ingredients and food additives can be appropriately determined within a range that does not impair the purpose of the present invention.

[0044] These foods or beverages can be subjected to common sterilization treatments such as heat and pressure sterilization using retorts and autoclaves, batch sterilization, plate sterilization, electrostatic sterilization, microwave sterilization, and steam sterilization such as injection and infusion.

[0045] Foods and beverages include functional foods (beverages) and health foods (beverages). In this specification, "health foods (beverages)" means foods or beverages that have some effect on health, or that can be expected to have some effect, and "functional foods (beverages)" means foods or beverages among the "health foods (beverages)" that are designed and processed to fully express a biological regulatory function (i.e., a function to prevent the onset of osteoporosis, or to alleviate or treat the symptoms of osteoporosis). Functional foods and health foods may be in the form of granules, solids, liquids, capsules, gels, or tablets. [Examples]

[0046] The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but these examples are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0047] Preparation Examples 1-5 In these preparation examples, extracts were prepared using ethanol from coriander seeds (Preparation Example 1), bay leaves (Preparation Example 2), chili pepper fruits (Preparation Example 3), pepper seeds (Preparation Example 4), clove flower buds (Preparation Example 5), cardamom fruits (Preparation Example 6), or a mixture of sage leaves, stems, and flower spikes (Preparation Example 7). Approximately 1 g of each lyophilized powder was suspended in 50 mL of ethanol and extracted using a shaker at room temperature for 30 minutes. Insoluble matter was then removed by filtration, and the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator. The resulting residue was dissolved in DMSO.

[0048] Example 1 In this study, the effect of coriander extract on osteoclast differentiation was investigated. RAW264 cells (progenitor osteoclasts) were seeded in 96-well culture plates using α-MEM medium. On day 0, RANKL (140 ng / mL) was added to induce osteoclast differentiation. Simultaneously, coriander extract (12.5, 25, or 50 μg / mL; DMSO final concentration 0.1%) was added, and the cells were cultured for 5 days. Phosphatase chromogenic substrate pNPP (2 mg / mL) was added to the plates, incubated at 37°C for 30 minutes, and TRAP5b activity was measured by absorbance. Negative controls were prepared without RANKL or coriander extract, and positive controls were prepared with RANKL only. As shown in Figure 1, compared to the positive control, differentiation into osteoclasts was suppressed by coriander extract.

[0049] Example 2 In this example, the effect of laurel extract on osteoclast differentiation was investigated. The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that laurel extract (12.5 or 25 μg / mL; final DMSO concentration 0.1%) was used. As shown in Figure 2, laurel extract suppressed osteoclast differentiation compared to the positive control.

[0050] Example 3 In this example, the effect of chili pepper extract on osteoclast differentiation was investigated. The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that chili pepper extract (12.5, 25, or 50 μg / mL; final DMSO concentration 0.1%) was used. As shown in Figure 3, chili pepper extract suppressed osteoclast differentiation compared to the positive control.

[0051] Example 4 In this example, the effect of pepper extract on osteoclast differentiation was investigated. The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that pepper extract (12.5, 25, or 50 μg / mL; final DMSO concentration 0.1%) was used. As shown in Figure 4, the differentiation into osteoclasts was suppressed by pepper extract compared to the positive control.

[0052] Example 5 In this example, the effect of clove extract on osteoclast differentiation was investigated. The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that clove extract (50 μg / mL; final DMSO concentration 0.1%) was used. As shown in Figure 5, the differentiation into osteoclasts was suppressed by the clove extract compared to the positive control.

[0053] Example 6 In this example, the effect of cardamom extract on osteoclast differentiation was investigated. The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that cardamom extract (25 or 50 μg / mL; final DMSO concentration 0.1%) was used. As shown in Figure 6, the differentiation into osteoclasts was suppressed by the cardamom extract compared to the positive control.

[0054] Example 7 In this example, the effect of sage extract on osteoclast differentiation was investigated. The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that sage extract (12.5, 25, or 50 μg / mL; final DMSO concentration 0.1%) was used. As shown in Figure 7, sage extract suppressed osteoclast differentiation compared to the positive control. [Industrial applicability]

[0055] The osteoclast differentiation inhibitor of the present invention can be used in the treatment of patients with enhanced osteoclast differentiation.

Claims

1. An osteoclast differentiation inhibitor comprising coriander seed extract, An osteoclast differentiation inhibitor wherein the extract is an extract obtained using ethanol or a mixed solvent of ethanol and an aqueous solvent.

2. A pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis, comprising the osteoclast differentiation inhibitor described in claim 1.

3. A food composition for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis, comprising the osteoclast differentiation inhibitor described in claim 1.

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