Building ventilation structure

Abstract

This provides a building ventilation structure that enhances sound insulation between two adjacent spaces separated by a partition wall while ensuring ventilation, and is easy to construct. [Solution] An opening (5) is provided in the partition wall (W1) by a door fitting device (10). The door fitting device (10) is configured to seal the opening (5) when the door body (15) is closed. In the space above the ceiling (AS), a ventilation duct (60) is provided that connects a first opening (26) formed in a first ceiling material (20) that forms the ceiling (CL) of the corridor (S1) and a second opening (36) formed in a second ceiling material (30) that forms the ceiling (CL) of the toilet room (S2). A flexible sound-absorbing duct (61) is used for the ventilation duct (60).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to a ventilation structure for buildings. [Background technology]

[0002] In indoor spaces, to circulate air between two adjacent spaces separated by a partition wall, it is common practice to create an air vent, or so-called undercut, at the bottom of the door that opens and closes the door opening in the partition wall, so that the bottom of the door serves as a ventilation path even when the door is closed. However, if there is an undercut at the bottom of the door, sound leakage can occur between the two spaces through the undercut.

[0003] A building ventilation structure for reducing such sound leakage is disclosed in Patent Document 1. In the ventilation structure disclosed in Patent Document 1, the door opening is configured to be airtight when the door is closed, and a sound-insulating duct is provided in the space above the ceiling to secure a ventilation path between the toilet room and the corridor. A sound-insulating component is provided in the middle of the length of the sound-insulating duct. The sound-insulating component is configured to attenuate sound passing through the sound-insulating duct by combining a metal inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, and a lid. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-150876 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] In the ventilation structure disclosed in Patent Document 1, connecting pipes are connected to both ends of the sound-insulating component. One connecting pipe is connected to an air supply hole provided in the ceiling of the toilet room. The other connecting pipe is connected to an air intake hole provided in the ceiling of the corridor. Rigid pipes are used for each of these connecting pipes in order to connect the air supply hole and the air intake hole in a straight line with a short path. However, if each connecting pipe is rigid, it is difficult to avoid interference with structural members such as beams in the space above the ceiling. Moreover, since the sound-insulating component has a wider width than the connecting pipes, it is necessary to make relatively large holes in the ceiling material to put the sound-insulating component into the space above the ceiling, or to perform the work of connecting each connecting pipe to the light-shielding component in the space above the ceiling. For these reasons, the workability of the sound-insulating duct is poor.

[0006] This invention has been made in view of the above, and its purpose is to provide a building ventilation structure that ensures ventilation while improving sound insulation between two adjacent usable spaces separated by a partition wall, and that is easy to construct. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a sealed door / window device in a partition wall separating two usable spaces, and a ventilation duct is provided in the space above the ceiling to connect an opening formed in the ceiling material of one usable space with an opening formed in the ceiling material of the other usable space, and a flexible sound-absorbing duct is used for the ventilation duct.

[0008] Specifically, the first invention relates to a building ventilation structure that allows air to circulate between a first usable space and a second usable space adjacent to each other via a partition wall in an indoor space. The partition wall is provided with an opening composed of a joinery device. The joinery device has a joinery frame that partitions the opening and a joinery attached to the joinery frame, and is configured to seal the opening when the joinery is closed. Above the first ceiling material that forms the ceiling of the first usable space and above the second ceiling material that forms the ceiling of the second usable space, there is an attic space. The first ceiling material has a first opening that opens to the first usable space and the attic space. The second ceiling material has a second opening that opens to the second usable space and the attic space. The attic space is provided with a ventilation duct that connects the first opening and the second opening and allows air to circulate between the first usable space and the second usable space. The ventilation duct used is a flexible sound-absorbing duct that includes sound-absorbing material.

[0009] According to the first invention, an opening is provided in a partition wall separating a first and second adjacent indoor space, and the joinery device constituting the opening is configured to seal the opening when the joinery is closed, thereby suppressing sound leakage from one of the first and second indoor spaces to the other through the opening. Furthermore, a ventilation duct is provided in the space above the ceiling, connecting a first opening formed in the first ceiling material and a second opening formed in the second ceiling material, allowing air to circulate through the ventilation duct, thus securing a ventilation path between the first and second indoor spaces. Moreover, since a sound-absorbing duct containing sound-absorbing material is used for the ventilation duct, sound propagating within the ventilation duct can be attenuated, suppressing sound leakage from one of the first and second indoor spaces to the other through the ventilation duct. In addition, the flexibility of the sound-absorbing duct makes it easy to avoid interference with structural members such as beams present in the space above the ceiling. This improves the ease of installation when installing the ventilation duct in the space above the ceiling.

[0010] The second invention is a building ventilation structure of the first invention, wherein the building fittings and ventilation ducts provide a sound insulation effect that reduces the sound pressure level between the first and second usable spaces by 20 dB or more at a frequency of 500 Hz.

[0011] According to the second invention, the above sound insulation effect against sounds with a frequency of 500 Hz can be obtained by the joinery device and ventilation duct. Everyday sounds generated by human activity in indoor spaces (such as talking and running water) fall within the 500 Hz frequency range and its surrounding frequencies. Therefore, everyday sounds leaking from one of the first and second usage spaces to the other can be suitably reduced to about one-quarter or less.

[0012] The third invention relates to a ventilation structure for a building according to the first or second invention, wherein the effective opening area of ​​the ventilation duct is 100 cm². 2 That concludes the explanation of the building's ventilation structure.

[0013] According to the third invention, the effective opening area of ​​the ventilation duct is 100 cm². 2 Therefore, the necessary effective opening area for the ventilation path of the 24-hour ventilation system can be secured between the first and second usage spaces. Accordingly, the ventilation structure of this building can be suitably used for a 24-hour ventilation system.

[0014] The fourth invention is a building ventilation structure in which, in any one of the first to third inventions, one end of the sound-absorbing duct is inserted into the first opening.

[0015] According to the fourth invention, since one end of the sound-absorbing duct is inserted through the first opening, one end of the sound-absorbing duct can be fixed to the ventilation grille with the other end extended from the first opening into the first usable space. This eliminates the need to install the sound-absorbing duct in the space above the ceiling, as is the case when one end of the sound-absorbing duct is attached to the upper surface of the ceiling material in accordance with the first opening. This is advantageous for improving the constructability of the building's ventilation structure.

[0016] The fifth invention is a ventilation structure of a building in the ventilation structure of the building of the fourth invention, wherein a first cover member is provided on the inner peripheral edge of the first opening of the first ceiling member.

[0017] According to the fifth invention, since the first cover member is provided on the inner peripheral edge of the first opening of the first ceiling member and is located between the inner peripheral edge of the first opening of the first ceiling member and the sound absorption duct, when the sound absorption duct is inserted into the first opening, it is possible to suppress damage caused by the sound absorption duct directly hitting and rubbing against the inner peripheral edge of the first opening, and to prevent damage or falling of fragments of the inner peripheral edge of the first opening.

[0018] The sixth invention is a ventilation structure of a building in the ventilation structure of the building of the fourth or fifth invention, wherein the middle diameter R1 in the longitudinal direction of the sound absorption duct, the diameter R2 of one end of the sound absorption duct, and the inner diameter R3 of the first opening satisfy the relationship of R2 < R3 < R1. A first ventilation grill is attached to the lower surface of the first ceiling member so as to cover the gap between one end of the sound absorption duct and the inner peripheral edge of the first opening.

[0019] According to the sixth invention, since the inner diameter R3 of the first opening is larger than the diameter R2 of one end of the sound absorption duct and smaller than the middle diameter R1 in the longitudinal direction of the sound absorption duct, compared with the case where the inner diameter R3 of the first opening is made larger than the middle diameter R1 in the longitudinal direction of the sound absorption duct, and compared with the case where the inner diameter R3 of the first opening is made smaller than the diameter R2 of one end of the sound absorption duct while forming the first opening with a smaller diameter, the load applied to the sound absorption duct when the sound absorption duct is inserted into the first opening can be reduced. This is advantageous for making the first ventilation grill relatively small and improving the workability when providing the ventilation duct in the ceiling space. And since the first ventilation grill covers and conceals the gap between one end of the sound absorption duct and the inner peripheral edge of the first opening, the appearance of the ceiling of the first use space can be improved.

[0020] The seventh invention is a ventilation structure of a building in the ventilation structure of any one of the fourth to sixth inventions, wherein the other end of the sound absorption duct is inserted into the second opening.

[0021] According to the seventh invention, since the other end of the sound-absorbing duct is inserted into the second opening, it can be fixed to the ventilation grille in a state where the other end of the sound-absorbing duct is drawn out from the second opening into the second utilization space, and the work of providing the sound-absorbing duct does not need to be carried out in the ceiling space as in the case of attaching the sound-absorbing duct to the upper surface of the ceiling material corresponding to the second opening. This is advantageous for improving the workability of the ventilation structure of the building.

[0022] The eighth invention is a ventilation structure of a building in which, in the ventilation structure of the building according to the seventh invention, a second cover member is provided on the inner peripheral edge of the second opening of the second ceiling material.

[0023] According to the eighth invention, since the second cover member is provided on the inner peripheral edge of the second opening of the second ceiling material and is located between the inner peripheral edge of the second opening of the second ceiling material and the sound-absorbing duct, when the sound-absorbing duct is inserted into the second opening, it is possible to suppress the sound-absorbing duct from being damaged by directly hitting and rubbing against the inner peripheral edge of the second opening, and to prevent damage to the inner peripheral edge of the second opening and the fall of fragments.

[0024] The ninth invention is a ventilation structure of a building in which, in the ventilation structure of the building according to the seventh or eighth invention, the middle diameter R1 in the longitudinal direction of the sound-absorbing duct, the diameter R4 of the other end of the sound-absorbing duct, and the inner diameter R5 of the second opening satisfy the relationship of R4 < R5 < R1. A second ventilation grille is attached to the lower surface of the first ceiling material so as to cover the gap between the other end of the sound-absorbing duct and the inner peripheral edge of the second opening.

[0025] According to the ninth invention, the inner diameter R5 of the second opening is larger than the diameter R4 of the other end of the sound-absorbing duct, and smaller than the diameter R1 in the middle of the sound-absorbing duct in the longitudinal direction. Compared to the case where the inner diameter R5 of the second opening is larger than the diameter R1 in the middle of the sound-absorbing duct in the longitudinal direction, the load on the sound-absorbing duct when inserting it into the second opening can be reduced while forming a smaller diameter for the second opening and compared to the case where the inner diameter R5 of the second opening is smaller than the diameter R4 of the other end of the sound-absorbing duct. This is advantageous for making the second ventilation grille relatively small and improving the workability when installing the ventilation duct in the space above the ceiling. Furthermore, since the second ventilation grille covers and conceals the gap between the other end of the sound-absorbing duct and the inner edge of the second opening, the appearance of the ceiling in the second usable space can be improved.

[0026] The tenth invention is a building ventilation structure in which, in any one of the first to ninth inventions, the sound-absorbing duct is provided to be longer than the distance D between the center of the first opening and the center of the second opening.

[0027] According to the tenth invention, since the sound-absorbing duct is provided to be longer than the distance D between the center of the first opening and the center of the second opening, sound propagating within the ventilation duct can be suitably attenuated compared to the case where the first and second openings are connected at the shortest distance D using a bent pipe such as an elbow or other fitting together with the sound-absorbing duct. This is advantageous for improving the sound reduction performance of the ventilation duct.

[0028] The eleventh invention is a building ventilation structure of the tenth invention, wherein the sound-absorbing duct constitutes the entirety of the ventilation duct.

[0029] According to the 11th invention, since the sound-absorbing duct constitutes the entire ventilation duct, the ventilation duct can be installed in the ceiling space simply by forming a first opening in the first ceiling material and a second opening in the second ceiling material, placing the sound-absorbing duct in the space above the ceiling, and connecting both ends of the duct to the first and second openings.

[0030] The twelfth invention is a ventilation structure for a building as described in the tenth invention, wherein the ventilation duct includes a first curved member connected to the first opening and constituting a curved portion of the ventilation duct, and a second curved member connected to the second opening and constituting a curved portion of the ventilation duct. The sound-absorbing duct is used to connect the first curved member and the second curved member.

[0031] According to the twelfth invention, the ventilation duct is configured to include a first curved member connected to a first opening, a second curved member connected to a second opening, and a sound-absorbing duct connecting the first curved member and the second curved member. Therefore, the height required to install the ventilation duct can be controlled by the first curved member and the second curved member. Moreover, the shape of the ventilation duct in a space such as a ceiling can be easily adjusted to the desired shape. As a result, the ventilation duct can be easily installed in a ceiling space with limited headroom. [Effects of the Invention]

[0032] As described above, according to the present invention, the fixtures installed in the partition wall separating the first and second usable spaces are configured to be airtight, and a ventilation duct is provided in the space above the ceiling that connects the first opening in the first ceiling material forming the ceiling of the first usable space and the second opening in the second ceiling material forming the ceiling of the second usable space. By using a flexible sound-absorbing duct for the ventilation duct, it is possible to ensure ventilation while enhancing sound insulation between the first and second usable spaces, which are adjacent to each other via the partition wall, and to provide a building ventilation structure that is easy to construct. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0033] [Figure 1] This is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which the ventilation structure of a building according to Embodiment 1 is applied to an indoor space including a toilet room. [Figure 2] This is a front view illustrating the configuration of a joinery device according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 3] This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the main parts of the ventilation structure of a building according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 4] This is a plan view of the ventilation grille according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 5] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the ventilation grille along the VV line. [Figure 6] This is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a sound-absorbing duct according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 7A] This figure shows part of the installation work for a ventilation duct according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 7B] This figure shows part of the installation work for a ventilation duct according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 7C] This figure shows part of the installation work for a ventilation duct according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 7D] This figure shows part of the installation work for a ventilation duct according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 7E] This figure shows part of the installation work for a ventilation duct according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 7F] This figure shows part of the installation work for a ventilation duct according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 7G] This figure shows part of the installation work for a ventilation duct according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 8] This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the main parts of the ventilation structure of a building according to Embodiment 2. [Figure 9A] This is a top view showing the installation state of the ventilation duct according to Embodiment 2. [Figure 9B] This is a top view showing another installation configuration of the ventilation duct according to Embodiment 2. [Figure 9C] This is a top view showing another installation configuration of the ventilation duct according to Embodiment 2. [Figure 9D] This is a top view showing another installation configuration of the ventilation duct according to Embodiment 2. [Figure 10] This is a conceptual diagram showing one aspect of the ventilation structure of a building according to Embodiment 3. [Figure 11] This is a conceptual diagram showing another aspect of the building ventilation structure according to Embodiment 3. [Figure 12] This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the main parts of a building ventilation structure according to another embodiment. [Figure 13] This is a top view illustrating the configuration of a ventilation duct according to another embodiment. [Figure 14] This is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which a ventilation structure of a building according to another embodiment is applied to an indoor space including a living room. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0034] The following exemplary embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following embodiments, the ventilation structure for a building according to the present invention will be described using the example of its application to an indoor space including a toilet room. The drawings are for conceptual explanation of the present invention. Therefore, in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, dimensions, ratios, or numbers may be exaggerated or simplified in the drawings.

[0035] Embodiment 1 The ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 1, is used in a residence to secure a ventilation path for a 24-hour ventilation system, allowing air to flow from the corridor S1 to the toilet room S2. The residence may be a single unit in an apartment building or other multi-unit dwelling, or a detached house. The residence includes a corridor S1 and a toilet room S2. The corridor S1 is an example of a first usable space. The toilet room S2 is an example of a second usable space.

[0036] The corridor S1 and the toilet room S2 are located adjacent to each other in the indoor space IS, separated by a partition wall W1. An opening 5 is provided in the partition wall W1. A doorway 4, through which people can pass, is formed in the wall body 3 of the partition wall W1, excluding the opening 5. The opening 5 is constructed by a door and window device 10 provided inside the doorway 4. The door and window device 10 is a single-leaf door and has a door frame 11 and a door body 15. The door frame 11 is an example of a door and window frame. The door body 15 is an example of a door and window device.

[0037] As shown in Figure 2, the door frame 11 is a three-sided frame having a pair of vertical frames and a top frame, and it defines the opening 5. Door stops 12 are provided on the opposing sides of the pair of vertical frames in the door frame 11 and on the bottom surface of the top frame. A first packing 13 (shown with dot hatching in Figure 2) is provided on the corridor S1 side of the door stop 12 to create an airtight seal between it and the door body 15. The door body 15 is attached to the door frame 11 via hinges 14 or the like, and is designed to open towards the corridor S1.

[0038] The door fitting device 10 is configured to be airtight, sealing the opening 5 on all four sides when the door body 15 is closed. In this example, the door body 15 is a semi-airtight door that maintains the airtightness of the opening 5. A movable second packing 16 (shown with cross-hatching in Figure 2) and an interlocking mechanism (not shown) are incorporated into the lower end of the door body 15.

[0039] The second packing 16 is made of a rubber seal that is provided to match the entire width of the lower end of the door body 15. The interlocking mechanism is configured to move the second packing 16 up and down in conjunction with the opening and closing operation of the door body 15. Specifically, the interlocking mechanism lowers the second packing 16 when the door body 15 is closed to seal the gap between the door body 15 and the floor FL, and raises the second packing 16 when the door body 15 is opened to allow the door body 15 to open smoothly.

[0040] The door fitting device 10 does not have an undercut that forms a ventilation opening on the lower side of the door body 15, and when the door body 15 is closed, it blocks the flow of air through the opening 5 between the corridor S1 and the bedroom S2. In addition, the door fitting device 10 has relatively high sound insulation performance and is difficult for sound to penetrate. The door fitting device 10B in this example has sound insulation performance that reduces the sound pressure level by 20 dB or more at a frequency of 500 Hz.

[0041] The corridor S1 constitutes the passage in front of the toilet room S2. The corridor S1 is equipped with an air intake section 25. The air intake section 25 is the part that draws in air from the corridor S1 and is provided in the ceiling CL located in front of the toilet room S2 in the corridor S1, more specifically in the ceiling CL located in front of the opening 5 (joinery device 10) of the partition wall W1. As shown in Figure 3, the ceiling CL of the corridor S1 is formed by a first ceiling material 20. For example, the first ceiling material 20 is made by applying wallpaper to the surface of a gypsum board. The first ceiling material 20 may also be made by attaching and integrating a rock wool ceiling finishing material to the surface of a gypsum board, or any other arbitrary configuration may be adopted.

[0042] Above the first ceiling material 20, a ceiling space AS extends. A first opening 26 is formed in the first ceiling material 20. The first opening 26 is a circular through-hole that connects the corridor S1 to the ceiling space AS. A first ventilation grille 40A is attached to the lower surface of the first ceiling material 20 so as to cover the first opening 26. The air intake section 25 is composed of the first opening 26 and the first ventilation grille 40A.

[0043] As shown in Figure 1, the toilet room S2 is a space enclosed by a partition wall W1, a rear wall W2 opposite the partition wall W1, a pair of side walls W3 located on both the left and right sides when viewed from the opening 5 toward the rear wall W2 (only one side wall W3 is shown in Figure 1), the ceiling CL, and the floor FL. In addition to toilet equipment 31 and lighting equipment 32, the toilet room S2 is equipped with an exhaust device 33 and an air discharge unit 35.

[0044] The exhaust device 33 consists of a ventilation fan, such as a direct exhaust type, and is installed on the upper part of the rear wall W2. The exhaust device 33 may also be installed on the ceiling CL. The air discharge section 35 is the part that discharges air sent from the corridor S1 and is provided on the ceiling CL of the toilet room S2. The ceiling CL of the toilet room S2 is formed by a second ceiling material 30 (see Figure 3). For example, the second ceiling material 30 is made by applying wallpaper to the surface of a gypsum board. The second ceiling material 30 may also be made by attaching and integrating a rock wool ceiling finishing material to the surface of a gypsum board, or any other arbitrary configuration may be adopted.

[0045] Above the second ceiling material 30, the ceiling space AS extends continuously from above the first ceiling material 20. A second opening 36 is formed in the second ceiling material 30. The second opening 36 is a circular through-hole that connects the toilet room S2 to the ceiling space AS. A second ventilation grille 40B is attached to the lower surface of the second ceiling material 30 so as to cover the second opening 36. The air discharge section 35 is composed of the second opening 36 and the second ventilation grille 40B.

[0046] The same ventilation grille 40 is used for both the first ventilation grille 40A and the second ventilation grille 40B. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the ventilation grille 40 is constructed by combining a pipe guide 41 and a grille body 46. The pipe guide 41 has a guide portion 42 and a flange portion 43. The guide portion 42 is formed in a cylindrical shape and extends to the back side of the ventilation grille 40. The flange portion 43 spreads outward from the end of the guide portion 42 on the grille body 46 side and is formed in a rectangular shape in plan view.

[0047] Screw holes 44 are formed at each of the four corners of the flange portion 43. The pipe guide 41 is fixed to the ceiling CL (first ceiling material 20 or second ceiling material 30) by screws 45 such as tapping screws or wood screws inserted through each screw hole 44. The grill body 46 is attached to the front of the flange portion 43. The grill body 46 has a ventilation section 47 formed in a cross-shaped grid. Multiple ventilation holes 48 are formed in the ventilation section 47 in a matrix pattern, each rectangular in shape, forming the spaces between the grid.

[0048] The space above the ceiling AS is provided with structural members 50 that constitute the ceiling framework, such as beams, joists, and hangers, and sound-absorbing panels 51 made of sound-absorbing wool or the like. The cavity height H of the space above the ceiling AS is, for example, 250 mm to 1000 mm. The sound-absorbing panels 51 are laminated on top of the first ceiling material 20 and the second ceiling material 30. The cavity height H of the space above the ceiling AS is not limited to the above dimensions, as long as there is enough space to house the sound-absorbing duct 61.

[0049] A ventilation duct 60 is further provided in the ceiling space AS. The ventilation duct 60 connects the first opening 26 and the second opening 36, and is a component that allows air to circulate between the corridor S1 and the toilet room S2. A sound-absorbing duct 61 is used for the ventilation duct 60. In this embodiment, the sound-absorbing duct 61 constitutes the entirety of the ventilation duct 60. In this example, the ventilation duct 60 is provided so as to extend straight between the first opening 26 and the second opening 36. The ventilation duct 60 may also be provided bent to form a U-shape, M-shape, or S-shape that forms a mountain shape when viewed horizontally or from above. The sound-absorbing duct 61 is provided to be longer than the distance D between the center of the first opening 26 and the center of the second opening 36.

[0050] The distance D between the center of the first opening 26 and the center of the second opening 36 should preferably not be too short relative to the total length of the sound-absorbing duct 61. This is because if the distance D is too short relative to the total length of the sound-absorbing duct 61, it will be difficult to connect both ends of the sound-absorbing duct 61 to the first opening 26 and the second opening 36, and there is a concern that the sound-absorbing duct 61 will have unnaturally constricted sections, where air may stagnate or condensation may easily occur. For example, when using a sound-absorbing duct 61 with a length of 1500 mm, the distance D between the center of the first opening 26 and the center of the second opening 36 should be 700 mm to 1000 mm.

[0051] As described above, when the distance D between the center of the first opening 26 and the center of the second opening 36 is 700 mm to 1000 mm, the length L of the sound-absorbing duct 61 is, for example, 1500 mm. The opening diameter r (nominal diameter) of the sound-absorbing duct 61 is, for example, 200 mm. With a sound-absorbing duct 61 having such a length and opening diameter, it is possible to achieve both ventilation performance and sound reduction performance in the ventilation duct 60.

[0052] As shown in Figure 6, the sound-absorbing duct 61 is a cylindrical duct component. The sound-absorbing duct 61 is constructed including a sound-absorbing material 62, which attenuates sound propagating inside. Furthermore, the sound-absorbing duct 61 is flexible, and its shape in the longitudinal direction can be changed by curving, etc., and it is configured to be elastically deformable in the radial direction.

[0053] Specifically, the sound-absorbing duct 61 comprises a sound-absorbing material 62, an exterior material 63, a reinforcing material 64, and an interior lining material 65. The sound-absorbing material 62 is provided around the entire circumference and along the entire length of the sound-absorbing duct 61. The sound-absorbing material 62 is made of, for example, glass wool. The exterior material 63 is provided around the outer circumference of the sound-absorbing material 62 and constitutes the outermost layer of the sound-absorbing duct 61. The exterior material 63 is made of, for example, a polyolefin film.

[0054] The reinforcing material 64 is provided on the inner circumference of the sound-absorbing duct 61. The reinforcing material 64 is composed of spiral-shaped wire 64a. The wire 64a is made of, for example, a metal wire such as galvanized copper wire or a resin wire. The reinforcing material 64 constitutes a tension coil spring, and when a tensile force is applied in its longitudinal direction, it can be stretched to a length corresponding to the magnitude of the tensile force within the range of its elastic limit, and is maintained in a state where an elastic recovery force is generated.

[0055] The lining material 65 is provided on the inner circumference of the reinforcing material 64. The lining material 65 is made of a nonwoven fabric, such as polyester nonwoven fabric. The lining material 65 is breathable and allows sound to pass through. Therefore, sound propagating inside the sound-absorbing duct 61 can be attenuated by the sound-absorbing material 62. Note that the sound-absorbing duct 61 does not necessarily have a lining material 65. In this case, the sound-absorbing material 62 is exposed on the inner surface of the sound-absorbing duct 61.

[0056] The sound-absorbing duct 61 has a first end portion 61a and a second end portion 61b. The first end portion 61a is one end portion (one end) in the longitudinal direction of the sound-absorbing duct 61. The first end portion 61a is the other end portion (the other end) in the longitudinal direction of the sound-absorbing duct 61. The first end portion 61a and the second end portion 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61 are each formed to have a slightly smaller diameter than the middle portion of the sound-absorbing duct 61.

[0057] The guide portion 42 of the first ventilation grill 40A is fitted into the first end portion 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61. The pipe guide 41 of the first ventilation grill 40A is fixed to the first end portion 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61 using a joining member 73 such as an airtight waterproof tape. Then, the first end portion 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61 is inserted through the first opening 26 of the first ceiling member 20. The diameter R1 of the middle portion in the length direction of the sound-absorbing duct 61, the diameter R2 of the first end portion 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61, and the inner diameter R3 of the first opening 26 satisfy the following relationship of Formula 1. R2 < R3 < R1 ·····(Formula 1)

[0058] [[ID=(12]] A first cover member 71 is provided on the inner peripheral edge of the first opening 26 of the first ceiling member 20. The first cover member 71 covers the upper surface and the lower surface of the peripheral edge portion of the first opening 26 of the first ceiling member 20 so as to wrap the peripheral edge portion. For example, the first cover member 71 is an airtight waterproof tape, and is attached to the inner peripheral edge of the first opening 26 of the first ceiling member 20 so as to form an annular shape by arranging a plurality of them side by side in the circumferential direction of the first opening 26 and overlapping a part thereof without a gap between them. <(

[0059] A first gap g1 is formed between the first end portion 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61 and the inner peripheral edge of the first opening 26 (strictly speaking, the inner peripheral edge of the first cover member 71). The first ventilation grill 40A is arranged so as to cover the first gap g1 between the first end portion 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61 and the inner peripheral edge of the first opening 26 and the first cover member 71 located on the lower surface of the first ceiling member 20. Thus, when looking at the ceiling CL of the corridor S1, the first gap g1 and the first cover member 71 are hidden by the first ventilation grill 40A and not visually recognized.

[0060] The guide portion 42 of the second ventilation grill 40B is fitted into the second end portion 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61. The pipe guide 41 of the first ventilation grill 40A is fixed to the second end portion 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61 using a joining member 73 such as an airtight waterproof tape. Then, the second end portion 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61 is inserted into the second opening 36 of the second ceiling member 30. The diameter R1 of the middle portion in the longitudinal direction of the sound-absorbing duct 61, the diameter R4 of the second end portion 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61, and the inner diameter R5 of the second opening 36 satisfy the relationship of the following formula 2. R4 < R5 < R1 ·····(Formula 2)

[0061] A second cover member 72 is provided on the inner peripheral edge of the second opening 36 of the second ceiling member 30. The second cover member 72 covers a range extending over the upper surface and the lower surface of the peripheral edge portion so as to wrap the peripheral edge portion of the second opening 36 of the second ceiling member 30. For example, the second cover member 72 is an airtight waterproof tape, and is attached to the inner peripheral edge of the second opening 36 of the second ceiling member 30 so as to form an annular shape by overlapping a plurality of them in the circumferential direction of the second opening 36 without gaps between them.

[0062] A second gap g2 is formed between the second end portion 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61 and the inner peripheral edge of the second opening 36 (strictly speaking, the inner peripheral edge of the second cover member 72). The second ventilation grill 40B is arranged so as to cover the second gap g2 between the second end portion 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61 and the inner peripheral edge of the second opening 36 and the second cover member 72 located on the lower surface of the second ceiling member 30. Thus, when looking at the ceiling CL of the toilet room S2, the second gap g2 and the second cover member 72 are concealed by the second ventilation grill 40B and are not visually recognized.

[0063] The ventilation duct 60 (sound-absorbing duct 61), air intake section 25, and air discharge section 35 described above constitute the building's ventilation structure 1 and form a single ventilation path P utilizing the space above the ceiling AS. Therefore, even if the door and window device 10 seals the opening 5, when the exhaust device 33 in the toilet room S2 is activated, the exhaust operation creates negative pressure inside the toilet room S2. As a result, as shown by the dashed arrows in Figure 1, air flowing from living rooms or bedrooms into the corridor S1 flows into the ventilation duct 60 through the air intake section 25, flows through the ventilation duct 60, exits through the air discharge section 35 into the toilet room S2, and is then exhausted from the exhaust device 33.

[0064] The effective opening area A of the ventilation duct 60 is 100 cm². 2 That concludes the explanation. The effective opening area A of the ventilation duct 60 is approximately equal to the equivalent gap area and is calculated based on the amount of airflow when the pressure difference across the ventilation duct 60, that is, the pressure difference between the first end 61a and the second end 61b of the ventilation duct 60, is 9.8 Pa. Specifically, the effective opening area A of the ventilation duct 60 is determined by the following equation 3. A = 10000 / 3600 × (ρ / 2) 1 / 2 ×a×ΔP 1 / n-1 / 2 ...(Formula 3) Here, ρ is the density of air (1.205 [kg / m³]). 3 ]) is the air permeability [(m 3 / h) / Pa 1 / n ]. ΔP is the pressure difference across the ventilation duct 60 (i.e., 9.8 Pa). n is the gap characteristic value (dimensionless).

[0065] Furthermore, sound entering from the corridor S1 or toilet room S2 propagates inside the ventilation duct 60, but is reduced by the sound-absorbing material 62 during the propagation process from one corridor S1 to the other. As a result, the door and window device 10 and the ventilation duct 60 provide a sound insulation effect that reduces the sound pressure level between the corridor S1 and toilet room S2 by 20 dB or more at a frequency of 500 Hz. This sound insulation effect is measured as the difference in sound pressure levels between the corridor S1 and toilet room S2, in accordance with JIS A 1417:2000. The door and window device 10 has sound transmission loss characteristics that allow the above sound insulation effect to be obtained. The ventilation duct 60 is configured with a length and opening diameter that allows the above sound insulation effect to be obtained while also satisfying the effective opening area A.

[0066] The construction for providing the aforementioned building ventilation structure 1 will be explained below with reference to Figures 7A to 7G. Here, we will take the example of using a sound-absorbing duct 61 that is 1500 mm long and has an opening diameter of 200 mm.

[0067] First, the formation locations for the first opening 26 and the second opening 36 are determined. At this time, the formation locations for the first opening 26 and the second opening 36 are determined considering the distance between the ventilation grille 40 and the wall surface, so that the ventilation grille 40, which will later be attached to the lower surfaces of the first ceiling material 20 and the second ceiling material 30, does not interfere with the wall surface including the partition wall W1. Then, as shown in Figure 7A, the center position of the formation location for the first opening 26 in the first ceiling material 20 and the center position of the formation location for the second opening 36 in the second ceiling material 30 are marked with a marker or pen. In this example, the distance D between the center position of the first opening 26 and the center position of the second opening 36 is set to 700 mm to 1000 mm.

[0068] Next, as shown in Figure 7B, a first opening 26 is formed at the location marked MK on the first ceiling material 20, and a second opening 36 is formed at the location marked MK on the second ceiling material 30. The first opening 26 and the second opening 36 are circular openings with a diameter of 250 mm, centered on the position of the mark MK. A hole saw or downlight cutter is used to form both the first opening 26 and the second opening 36.

[0069] Next, a first cover member 71 is provided on the inner periphery of the first opening 26 of the first ceiling material 20, and a second cover member 72 is provided on the inner periphery of the second opening 36 of the second ceiling material 30. Specifically, as shown in Figure 7C, airtight waterproof tape is attached to the inner periphery of the first opening 26 of the first ceiling material 20 in lengths of approximately 50 mm as the first cover member 71, covering the cut surface of the first ceiling material 20 in a U-shape so that it is not visible. Similarly, airtight waterproof tape is also attached to the inner periphery of the second opening 36 of the second ceiling material 30 as the second cover member 72. By doing so, damage to the cut surfaces of the first ceiling material 20 and the second ceiling material 30 and the falling of dust from the cut surfaces can be prevented.

[0070] Next, the sound-absorbing duct 61 is inserted into the ceiling space AS through the first opening 26 or the second opening 36. Specifically, as shown in Figure 7D, the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61 is inserted into the first opening 26 from the corridor S1, and the sound-absorbing duct 61 is pushed into the ceiling space AS with both hands while inserting one arm inside the sound-absorbing duct 61 so that the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61 reaches the second opening 36. Subsequently, the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61 is pulled out from the second opening 36 into the toilet room S2. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 7E, the first end 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61 is extended approximately 150 mm from the first opening 26, and the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61 is extended approximately 150 mm from the second opening 36.

[0071] Then, ventilation grilles 40 are attached to the first end 61a and the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61, respectively. Specifically, as shown in Figure 7F, the guide portion 42 of the first ventilation grille 40A is inserted into the first end 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61, and the first end 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61 and the pipe guide 41 are fixed together with a connecting member 73. In this example, airtight waterproof tape is used as the connecting member 73, and the airtight waterproof tape is wrapped twice around the connection between the first end 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61 and the pipe guide 41. For example, for the first wrap, the airtight waterproof tape is applied in an L-shape with lengths of approximately 50 mm. For the second wrap, the airtight waterproof tape is applied circumferentially over the first L-shaped overlapping airtight waterproof tape to eliminate any gaps between the first wraps of airtight waterproof tape. In this way, the pipe guide 41 of the first ventilation grille 40A is fixed to the first end 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61. Similarly, the pipe guide 41 of the second ventilation grille 40B is also fixed to the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61.

[0072] Afterward, the flange portion 43 of the first ventilation grille 40A is held and the first end 61a side of the sound-absorbing duct 61 is pushed up and inserted into the ceiling space AS, and as shown in Figure 7G, the flange portion 43 is placed against the lower surface of the first ceiling material 20 so as to cover the first cover member 71 and the first opening 26. In this state, screws 45 such as tapping screws or wood screws are inserted through each screw hole 44 of the flange portion 43 and the flange portion 43 is screwed to the first ceiling material 20. Then, the grille body 46 of the first ventilation grille 40A is fitted and fixed into the pipe guide 41. In this way, the first ventilation grille 40A is attached to the lower surface of the first ceiling material 20.

[0073] Furthermore, the flange portion 43 of the second ventilation grille 40B is held and the second end 61b side of the sound-absorbing duct 61 is pushed up and inserted into the ceiling space AS, and the flange portion 43 is positioned against the lower surface of the second ceiling material 30 so as to cover the second cover member 72 and the second opening 36. In this state, screws 45 such as tapping screws or wood screws are inserted through the screw holes 44 of the flange portion 43, and the flange portion 43 is screwed to the first ceiling material 20. Then, the grille body 46 of the second ventilation grille 40B is fitted and fixed into the pipe guide 41. In this way, the second ventilation grille 40B is attached to the lower surface of the second ceiling material 30.

[0074] As described above, the ventilation duct 60 can be installed in the ceiling space AS.

[0075] -Features of Embodiment 1- In the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment 1, an opening 5 is provided in the partition wall W1 that separates a corridor S1 and a toilet room S2 adjacent to each other in the indoor space IS. The door device 10 that constitutes the opening 5 is configured to be sealed when the door body 15 is closed. This suppresses sound leakage from one of the corridor S1 and toilet room S2 to the other through the opening 5. In addition, a first opening 26 is formed in the first ceiling material 20 that forms the ceiling CL of the corridor S1, and a second opening 36 is formed in the second ceiling material 30 that forms the ceiling CL of the toilet room S2. Furthermore, a ventilation duct 60 is provided in the space above the ceiling AS that connects the first opening 26 and the second opening 36. Air can be circulated through the ventilation duct 60, so a ventilation path P between the corridor S1 and the toilet room S2 can be secured. A sound-absorbing duct 61 is used in the ventilation duct 60. The sound-absorbing duct 61 is composed of sound-absorbing material 62. This reduces the sound transmitted within the ventilation duct 60, preventing sound from leaking from one corridor S1 and the other toilet room S2 through the ventilation duct 60. Furthermore, because the sound-absorbing duct 61 is flexible, it is easy to avoid interference with structural members 50 such as beams in the ceiling space AS. This improves the ease of installation when installing the ventilation duct 60 in the ceiling space AS.

[0076] In the ventilation structure 1 of the building of this Embodiment 1, the building fixture device 10 and the ventilation duct 60 have sound insulation performance that reduces the sound pressure level by 20 dB or more at a frequency of 500 Hz between the corridor S1 and the toilet room S2. The living sounds (voices and the sound of running water) generated by human activities in the indoor space IS are included in the frequency range of 500 Hz and its surrounding frequencies. Therefore, since the building fixture device 10 and the ventilation duct 60 have the above sound insulation performance, the living sounds leaking from one of the corridor S1 and the toilet room S2 to the other can be suitably reduced to about 1 / 4 or less.

[0077] In the ventilation structure 1 of the building of this Embodiment 1, the effective opening area A of the ventilation duct 60 is 100 cm 2 or more. According to this, a ventilation path P with an effective opening area necessary as a 24-hour ventilation path can be secured between the corridor S1 and the toilet room S2. Therefore, the ventilation structure 1 of this building can be suitably used for a 24-hour ventilation system.

[0078] In the ventilation structure 1 of the building of this Embodiment 1, the first end portion 61a of the sound absorption duct 61 is inserted into the first opening 26. According to this, the first end portion 61a of the sound absorption duct 61 can be fixed to the first ventilation grill 40A in a state where the first end portion 61a is pulled out from the first opening 26, and the work of providing the sound absorption duct 61 does not need to be performed in the ceiling space AS as in the case of attaching the sound absorption duct 61 to the upper surface of the first ceiling member 20 corresponding to the first opening 26. This is advantageous for improving the workability of the ventilation structure 1 of the building.

[0079] In the ventilation structure 1 of the building of this Embodiment 1, the first cover member 71 is provided on the inner peripheral edge of the first opening 26 of the first ceiling member 20. According to this, since the first cover member 71 is located between the inner peripheral edge of the first opening 26 of the first ceiling member 20 and the sound absorption duct 61, when the sound absorption duct 61 is inserted into the first opening 26, it is possible to suppress the sound absorption duct 61 from being damaged by directly hitting and rubbing against the inner peripheral edge of the first opening 26, and to prevent damage to the inner peripheral edge of the first opening 26 and the falling of fragments, etc.

[0080] In the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment 1, the inner diameter R3 of the first opening 26 is larger than the diameter R2 of one end of the sound-absorbing duct 61, and smaller than the diameter R1 of the middle portion of the sound-absorbing duct 61 in the longitudinal direction. As a result, compared to the case where the inner diameter R3 of the first opening 26 is larger than the diameter R1 of the middle portion of the sound-absorbing duct 61 in the longitudinal direction, and compared to the case where the first opening 26 is formed with a small diameter and the inner diameter R3 of the first opening 26 is smaller than the diameter R2 of the first end 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61, the load on the sound-absorbing duct 61 when inserting the sound-absorbing duct 61 into the first opening 26 can be reduced. This is advantageous for making the first ventilation grille 40A relatively small and for improving the workability when installing the ventilation duct 60 in the ceiling space AS. Furthermore, the first ventilation grille 40A covers and conceals the first gap g1 between the first end 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61 and the inner edge of the first opening 26, thereby improving the appearance of the ceiling CL of the corridor S1.

[0081] In the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment 1, the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61 is inserted through the second opening 36. This allows the other end of the sound-absorbing duct 61 to be pulled out from the second opening 36 into the toilet room S2 and fixed to the second ventilation grille 40B. This eliminates the need to install the sound-absorbing duct 61 in the space above the ceiling AS, as would be the case if the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61 were attached to the upper surface of the second ceiling material 30 in accordance with the second opening 36. This is advantageous for improving the constructability of the building's ventilation structure 1.

[0082] In the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment 1, the second cover member 72 is provided on the inner periphery of the second opening 36 of the second ceiling material 30. As a result, the second cover member 72 is positioned between the inner periphery of the second opening 36 of the second ceiling material 30 and the sound-absorbing duct 61, so when the sound-absorbing duct 61 is inserted into the second opening 36, it is possible to prevent the sound-absorbing duct 61 from directly hitting and rubbing against the inner periphery of the second opening 36 and getting damaged, and to prevent damage to the inner periphery of the second opening 36 and the falling of fragments.

[0083] In the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment 1, the inner diameter R5 of the second opening 36 is larger than the diameter R4 of the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61, and smaller than the diameter R1 in the middle of the sound-absorbing duct 61 in the longitudinal direction. As a result, compared to the case where the inner diameter R5 of the second opening 36 is larger than the diameter R1 in the middle of the sound-absorbing duct 61 in the longitudinal direction, and compared to the case where the second opening 36 is formed with a small diameter and the inner diameter R5 of the second opening 36 is smaller than the diameter R4 of the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61, the load on the sound-absorbing duct 61 when inserting the sound-absorbing duct 61 into the second opening 36 can be reduced. This is advantageous for making the second ventilation grille 40B relatively small and for improving the workability when installing the ventilation duct 60 in the ceiling space AS. Furthermore, the second ventilation grille 40B covers and conceals the second gap g2 between the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61 and the inner edge of the second opening 36, thereby improving the appearance of the ceiling CL of the toilet room S2.

[0084] In the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment 1, the sound-absorbing duct 61 is provided to be longer than the distance D between the center of the first opening 26 and the center of the second opening 36. As a result, since the sound-absorbing duct 61 is provided to be relatively long, sound propagating within the ventilation duct 60 can be suitably attenuated. This is advantageous for improving the sound reduction performance of the ventilation duct 60.

[0085] In the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment 1, the sound-absorbing duct 61 constitutes the entirety of the ventilation duct 60. With this configuration, the ventilation duct 60 can be installed in the ceiling space AS simply by forming a first opening 26 in the first ceiling material 20 and a second opening 36 in the second ceiling material 30, placing the sound-absorbing duct 61 into the ceiling space AS, and connecting the first end 61a and the second end 61b to the first opening 26 and the second opening 36 using the first ventilation grille 40A and the second ventilation grille 40B.

[0086] Embodiment 2 The ventilation structure 1 of the building according to this second embodiment differs from that of the first embodiment in the configuration of the ventilation duct 60. In the following embodiments, the ventilation structure 1 of the building is configured in the same way as in the first embodiment, except that the configuration of the ventilation duct 60 differs from that of the first embodiment. Therefore, only the ventilation duct 60 with the different configuration will be described, and the same components will be left to the description of the first embodiment, and their detailed explanation will be omitted.

[0087] The ventilation duct 60 forming the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment 2 of the building includes a first elbow 81, a second elbow 82, and a sound-absorbing duct 61, as shown in Figure 8. The first elbow 81 is an example of a first curved member. The second elbow 82 is an example of a second curved section. The first elbow 81 and the second elbow 82 are joints that are bent in an L-shape so that the openings at both ends face in directions 90° different, and they constitute the curved section of the ventilation duct 60.

[0088] The first elbow 81 is connected to the first opening 26 of the first ceiling material 20. The guide portion 42 of the first ventilation grille 40A is fitted and fixed to the first open end 81a, which forms one end opening of the first elbow 81. The first open end 81a of the first elbow 81 is inserted through the first opening 26. The first open end 81a of the first elbow 81 may be directly fixed to the first ceiling material 20. The second open end 81b, which forms the other end opening of the first elbow 81, opens horizontally in the ceiling space AS.

[0089] The second elbow 82 is connected to the second opening 36 of the second ceiling material 30. The guide portion 42 of the second ventilation grille 40B is fitted and fixed to the third open end 82a, which forms one end opening of the second elbow 82. The third open end 82a of the second elbow 82 is inserted through the second opening 36. The third open end 82a of the second elbow 82 may be directly fixed to the second ceiling material 30. The fourth open end 82b, which forms the other end opening of the second elbow 82, opens horizontally in the ceiling space AS.

[0090] The sound-absorbing duct 61 is used to connect the first elbow 81 and the second elbow 82. The second open end 81b of the first elbow 81 is fitted and secured to the first end 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61. The fourth open end 82b of the second elbow 82 is fitted and secured to the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61. Alternatively, the first end 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61 may be fitted to the second open end 81b of the first elbow 81, or the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61 may be fitted to the fourth open end 82b of the second elbow 82.

[0091] As shown in Figure 9A, the second open end 81b of the first elbow 81 and the fourth open end 82b of the second elbow 82 face each other in a corresponding manner. In this case, the sound-absorbing duct 61 is provided to extend in a straight line between the first elbow 81 and the second elbow 82.

[0092] The second open end 81b of the first elbow 81 and the fourth open end 82b of the second elbow 82 do not necessarily have to face each other in a corresponding manner.

[0093] For example, as shown in Figure 9B, the second open end 81b of the first elbow 81 and the fourth open end 82b of the second elbow 82 may face the same side in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the first elbow 81 and the second elbow 82 are adjacent to each other. In this case, the sound-absorbing duct 61 extends in a U-shape when viewed from above in a top view of the space above the ceiling AS. With this installation method of the ventilation duct 60, the sound-absorbing duct 61 is provided at a longer length than when it extends in a straight line, thereby improving the sound reduction performance of the ventilation duct 60.

[0094] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 9C, the second open end 81b of the first elbow 81 and the fourth open end 82b of the second elbow 82 may be oriented in a direction that causes them to tilt toward the same side with respect to the direction in which the first elbow 81 and the second elbow 82 are adjacent to each other. In this case, the sound-absorbing duct 61 extends in a curved shape when viewed from above, looking at the ceiling space AS from above. With this installation method of the ventilation duct 60, it can be installed shorter than when the sound-absorbing duct 61 extends in a U-shape, so that the ventilation duct 60 can be installed in a space-saving manner while obtaining good sound reduction performance from the ventilation duct 60.

[0095] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 9D, the second open end 81b of the first elbow 81 and the fourth open end 82b of the second elbow 82 may be oriented in directions that are inclined opposite to each other with respect to the direction in which the first elbow 81 and the second elbow 82 are adjacent. In this case, the sound-absorbing duct 61 extends in a meandering S-shape when viewed from above in the ceiling space AS. This installation method of the ventilation duct 60 also allows for a shorter installation compared to the case where the sound-absorbing duct 61 extends in a U-shape, thus enabling the ventilation duct 60 to be installed in a space-saving manner while obtaining good sound reduction performance.

[0096] -Features of Embodiment 2- In the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment 2, the ventilation duct 60 is composed of a first elbow 81, a second elbow 82, and a sound-absorbing duct 61. The first elbow 81 is connected to the first opening 26, and the second elbow 82 is connected to the second opening 36. The sound-absorbing duct 61 is used to connect the first elbow 81 and the second elbow 82. With this configuration, the height required to install the ventilation duct 60 can be controlled by the first elbow 81 and the second elbow 82, and the shape of the ventilation duct 60 in the ceiling space AS can be easily adjusted to the desired shape. As a result, the ventilation duct 60 can be easily accommodated in the ceiling space AS, which has limited ceiling height.

[0097] Embodiment 3 The ventilation structure 1 of the building according to this embodiment 3 is composed of a plurality of ventilation ducts 60 provided in the ceiling space AS. The effective opening area A of each ventilation duct 60 varies depending on the opening diameter and length of the ventilation duct 60. Therefore, while obtaining a sound insulation effect that reduces the sound pressure level between the corridor S1 and the bedroom S2 by 20 dB or more at a frequency of 500 Hz, the effective opening area A of the ventilation duct 60 is 100 cm². 2 The number of ventilation ducts 60 is set as described above. Here, the effective opening area A of all ventilation ducts 60 is 100 cm² in total. 2 The above conditions must be met.

[0098] The effective opening area A of the ventilation duct 60 is 100 cm². 2 To achieve the above, if a sound-absorbing duct 61 with an opening diameter r of 200 mm and a length of 1000 mm to 2000 mm is used as in Embodiment 1 above, only one ventilation duct 60 is needed. However, if a sound-absorbing duct 61 with an opening diameter r of 150 mm and a length of 1000 mm to 2000 mm is used, at least two ventilation ducts 60 are needed. If a sound-absorbing duct 61 with an opening diameter r of 100 mm and a length of 1000 mm to 2000 mm is used, at least three ventilation ducts 60 are needed.

[0099] The following explanation will describe an example where the building's ventilation structure 1 is composed of three ventilation ducts 60. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 10, the building's ventilation structure 1 forms three ventilation paths P, each consisting of a ventilation duct 60, between the corridor S1 and the toilet room S2. Each ventilation path P consists of an air intake section 25, an air discharge section 35, and a ventilation duct 60. In this example, each ventilation duct 60 uses a sound-absorbing duct 61 with a length of 1000 mm to 2000 mm. The opening diameter r (nominal diameter) of each sound-absorbing duct 61 is, for example, 100 mm in diameter.

[0100] In this example, the inner diameter of the first opening 26 and the size of the first ventilation grille 40A of each air intake section 25 differ from those of Embodiment 1. Also, in this example, the inner diameter of the second opening 36 and the size of the second ventilation grille 40B of each air discharge section 35 differ from those of Embodiment 2. The inner diameter R3 of the first opening 26 in this example is smaller than the inner diameter R3 of the first opening 26 in Embodiment 1, and the inner diameter R5 of the second opening 36 in this example is smaller than the inner diameter R5 of the second opening 36 in Embodiment 1. The inner diameters R3 of the first opening 26 and R5 of the second opening 36 are, for example, 150 mm each. Smaller first ventilation grilles 40A and second ventilation grilles 40B are used than those in Embodiment 1.

[0101] The three air intake units 25 are arranged in a row on the ceiling CL located in front of the toilet room S2 in the corridor S1. The three air discharge units 35 are arranged in a row on the ceiling CL of the toilet room S2 in the same direction as the three air intake units 25. The three ventilation ducts 60 are installed so as to extend parallel to each other in the space above the ceiling AS. The effective opening area A of the ventilation ducts 60 is 100 cm². 2 That concludes the explanation. In this example, the effective opening area A of the ventilation duct 60 is 100 cm² in total for the three ventilation ducts 60. 2 The above conditions must be met.

[0102] The three air intake sections 25 and the three air discharge sections 35 do not necessarily have to be arranged in a straight line. For example, as shown in Figure 11, one air discharge section 35 may be provided in the center of the ceiling CL of the toilet room S2, and the remaining two air discharge sections 35 may be provided separately at the two corners on the partition wall W1 side of the ceiling CL of the toilet room S2. In this case, the three air intake sections 25 may be provided on the ceiling CL of the corridor S1 in a positional relationship corresponding to the three air discharge sections 35.

[0103] Other embodiments In the above embodiment 1, there is a first gap g1 between the first end 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61 and the inner periphery of the first opening 26 of the first ceiling material 20, and a second gap g2 between the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61 and the inner periphery of the second opening 36 of the second ceiling material 30, but the embodiment is not limited to this. The first end 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61 may be in close contact with the inner periphery of the first opening 26 of the first ceiling material 20 or a first cover member 71 attached to that inner periphery. Also, the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61 may be in close contact with the inner periphery of the second opening 36 of the second ceiling material 30 or a second cover member 72 attached to that inner periphery.

[0104] For example, as shown in Figure 12, a cushioning material with cushioning properties may be used as the first cover member 71, and the cushioning material may be attached in an annular manner to the inner periphery of the first opening 26 such that its inner diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the first end 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61, thereby bringing the outer circumferential surface of the first end 61a of the sound-absorbing duct 61 into close contact with the cushioning material. Alternatively, a cushioning material with cushioning properties may be used as the second cover member 72, and the cushioning material may be attached in an annular manner to the inner periphery of the second opening 36 such that its inner diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61, thereby bringing the outer circumferential surface of the second end 61b of the sound-absorbing duct 61 into close contact with the cushioning material.

[0105] In Embodiment 1 described above, the ventilation duct 60 is assumed to be composed of one sound-absorbing duct 61, but this is not limited to this. The ventilation duct 60 may consist of two or more sound-absorbing ducts 61. For example, as shown in Figure 13, when the ventilation duct 60 is composed of two sound-absorbing ducts 61, the two sound-absorbing ducts 61 can be connected via a pipe joint 85. The same applies to Embodiments 2 and 3 described above.

[0106] In the above embodiment 2, the ventilation duct 60 includes a first elbow 81 and a second elbow 82 in addition to the sound-absorbing duct 61, but it is not limited to this. For example, the ventilation duct 60 may be provided with a box-shaped chamber member having a pair of openings facing 90° apart as a first bending member instead of the first elbow 81. Also, the ventilation duct 60 may be provided with a box-shaped chamber member having a pair of openings facing 90° apart as a second bending member instead of the first elbow 82.

[0107] In the above embodiment 1, in the construction for providing the ventilation structure 1 of the building, circular openings (first opening 26, second opening 36) are formed in the first ceiling material 20 and the second ceiling material 30, respectively, and a sound-absorbing duct 61 is inserted into the ceiling space AS through these openings. However, the invention is not limited to this. For example, as a procedure for inserting the sound-absorbing duct 61 into the ceiling space AS, a rectangular opening with a larger opening area than the first opening 26 is formed in the first ceiling material 20, the sound-absorbing duct 61 is inserted into the ceiling space AS through this opening, and then the first ceiling material 20, which has the first opening 26 already formed in it, is fitted into the rectangular opening and attached to the ceiling CL of the corridor S1. This procedure can be carried out similarly for the second ceiling material 30, and the sound-absorbing duct 61 may be inserted into the ceiling space AS from the second ceiling material 30 side.

[0108] In the above embodiments 1 to 3, the ventilation structure 1 of the building according to the present invention was described using as an example of its application to an indoor space IS including a toilet room S2, but the invention is not limited to this. The present invention can be applied to any indoor space IS where it is necessary to circulate air between a first usable space and a second usable space adjacent to each other via a partition wall W1 in which a sealed building fitting device forms an opening 5.

[0109] For example, as shown in Figure 14, the building ventilation structure 1 according to the present invention is applicable to an indoor space IS including a living room S3 in order to secure a path for air to flow from a living room S3, such as a bedroom, to a corridor S1. The living room S3 is a space enclosed by a partition wall W1, a back wall W2, a pair of side walls W3 (only one side wall W3 is shown in Figure 14), a ceiling CL, and a floor FL. In addition to lighting equipment 32, the living room S3 is equipped with an air supply device 37 and an air intake section 25. The air supply device 37 consists of an air supply fan and is attached to the upper part of the back wall W2. The air intake section 25 is provided in the ceiling of the living room.

[0110] On the other hand, an air discharge unit 35 is installed in the corridor S1. The air discharge unit 35 is installed in the ceiling CL located in front of the living room S3 in the corridor S1, more specifically in the ceiling CL located in front of the opening 5 (joinery device 10) of the partition wall W1. Then, in the space above the ceiling AS, a ventilation duct 60 connecting the air intake unit 25 (first opening 26) and the air discharge unit 35 (second opening 36) is installed using a sound-absorbing duct 61, similar to the first embodiment described above. With this setup, even if the joinery device 10 seals the opening 5, when the air supply device 37 in the living room S3 is activated, the air from the living room S3 flows into the ventilation duct 60 through the air intake unit 25, flows through the ventilation duct 60, and flows out into the corridor S1 from the air discharge unit 35, as shown by the dashed arrow in Figure 14.

[0111] In embodiments 1 to 3 described above, the door / window device 10 is a single-leaf semi-airtight door, but it is not limited to this. The door / window device 10 may be an airtight door, or it may be any other door / window device such as a sliding door or a suspended door, as long as it is configured to seal the opening 5 when the door / window is closed.

[0112] In embodiments 1 to 3 described above, the multiple ventilation holes 48 in the ventilation section 47 of the ventilation grille 40 are arranged in a matrix and each is formed in a rectangular shape, but this is not limited to this. Each ventilation hole 48 may be formed in a shape other than rectangular, such as circular or oval. For example, the multiple ventilation holes 48 may each be formed in a slit shape and arranged to extend parallel to each other with a gap between them. In this case, the ventilation section may be composed of an angle-adjustable louver or a fixed louver. Furthermore, any ventilation cover can be used instead of the ventilation grille 40 as long as it is capable of allowing air to circulate.

[0113] In embodiments 1 to 3 described above, the case in which airtight waterproof tape is used as the first cover member 71 and the second cover member 72 was given as an example, but the invention is not limited to this. For example, the first cover member 71 may be a ring-shaped object made of elastomer or resin, having recesses formed around its entire circumference that open radially outward so as to be able to wrap around the inner peripheral edge of the first opening 26 of the first ceiling material 20. The same applies to the second cover member 72.

[0114] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope described in each of the above embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are illustrative, and that various further modifications are possible in combinations of their components and processing processes, and that such modifications also fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0115] Furthermore, the designations "First," "Second," etc., in the specification and claims are used to distinguish between the terms to which these designations are attached, and do not limit the number or order of such terms. Also, the "~" designation in numerical ranges mentioned above means a range that includes the numbers before and after it. In other words, if X and Y are used as substitutes for numbers, then "X~Y" indicates a range of "greater than or equal to X and less than or equal to Y." [Industrial applicability]

[0116] As described above, the present invention is useful for a building ventilation structure that takes into consideration sound insulation between two adjacent usable spaces separated by a partition wall in an indoor space. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0117] 1. Building ventilation structure 5 Openings 10 Joinery equipment 11. Door frame (joinery frame) 15. Door body (joinery) 20. First ceiling material 26. First opening 30 Second ceiling material 36. Second opening 40A First Ventilation Grille 40B Second Ventilation Grille 60 ventilation duct 61 Sound-absorbing duct 62 Sound-absorbing material 71 First cover member 72 Second cover member 81 First Elbow (First Curved Member) 82. Second elbow (second curved member) AS ceiling space CL ceiling g1 First gap g2 Second gap S1 Corridor (First Use Space) S2 Toilet Room (Second Use Space) W1 Partition wall

Claims

1. A building ventilation structure that allows air to circulate between a first and second adjacent usage space in an indoor space, separated by a partition wall, The aforementioned partition wall is provided with an opening formed by a joinery device. The aforementioned door and window device comprises a door and window frame that partitions the opening, and a door and window attached to the door and window frame, and is configured to seal the opening when the door and window are closed. Above the first ceiling material forming the ceiling of the first usable space, and above the second ceiling material forming the ceiling of the second usable space, there is a space above the ceiling. The first ceiling material has a first opening that connects to the first usable space and the space above the ceiling. The second ceiling material has a second opening that connects to the second usable space and the space above the ceiling. In the space above the ceiling, a ventilation duct is provided that connects the first opening and the second opening and allows air to circulate between the first usable space and the second usable space. The aforementioned ventilation duct uses a flexible sound-absorbing duct that includes sound-absorbing material. One end of the sound-absorbing duct is inserted into the first opening. The diameter R1 in the middle of the sound-absorbing duct in the longitudinal direction, the diameter R2 at one end of the sound-absorbing duct, and the inner diameter R3 of the first opening satisfy the relationship R2 < R3 < R1. A first ventilation grille is attached to the underside of the first ceiling material so as to cover the gap between one end of the sound-absorbing duct and the inner edge of the first opening. A building ventilation structure characterized by the following features.

2. In the ventilation structure of a building according to claim 1, The aforementioned joinery device and ventilation duct provide a sound insulation effect that reduces the sound pressure level between the first and second usable spaces by 20 dB or more at a frequency of 500 Hz. A building ventilation structure characterized by the following features.

3. In the ventilation structure of a building according to claim 1 or 2, The effective opening area of ​​the aforementioned ventilation duct is 100 cm². ２ That's all. A building ventilation structure characterized by the following features.

4. In the ventilation structure of a building according to claim 1, The first ventilation grille has a pipe guide that is inserted into the first opening and into which one end of the sound-absorbing duct is fitted. A building ventilation structure characterized by the following features.

5. In the ventilation structure of a building according to claim 1, A first cover member is provided on the inner periphery of the first opening of the first ceiling material. A building ventilation structure characterized by the following features.

6. In the building ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, and 5, The other end of the sound-absorbing duct is inserted into the second opening. A building ventilation structure characterized by the following features.

7. In the building ventilation structure described in claim 6, A second cover member is provided on the inner periphery of the second opening of the second ceiling material. A building ventilation structure characterized by the following features.

8. In the ventilation structure of a building according to claim 7, A second ventilation grille is attached to the lower surface of the second ceiling material so as to cover the gap between the other end of the sound-absorbing duct and the inner periphery of the second opening. The second ventilation grille has a pipe guide that is inserted into the second opening and into which the other end of the sound-absorbing duct is fitted. A building ventilation structure characterized by the following features.

9. In the building ventilation structure described in claim 6, The diameter R1 in the middle of the sound-absorbing duct in the longitudinal direction, the diameter R4 at the other end of the sound-absorbing duct, and the inner diameter R5 of the second opening satisfy the relationship R4 < R5 < R1. A second ventilation grille is attached to the lower surface of the second ceiling material so as to cover the gap between the other end of the sound-absorbing duct and the inner edge of the second opening. A building ventilation structure characterized by the following features.

10. In the ventilation structure of a building according to claim 1, The sound-absorbing duct is provided to be longer than the distance D between the center of the first opening and the center of the second opening. A building ventilation structure characterized by the following features.

11. In the building ventilation structure described in claim 10, The sound-absorbing duct constitutes the entirety of the ventilation duct. A building ventilation structure characterized by the following features.

12. In the building ventilation structure described in claim 10, The ventilation duct includes a first curved member connected to the first opening and forming a curved portion of the ventilation duct, and a second curved member connected to the second opening and forming a curved portion of the ventilation duct, The sound-absorbing duct is used to connect the first curved member and the second curved member. A building ventilation structure characterized by the following features.

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