Collagen odor improving agent, collagen odor improving method, and composition containing NMN and collagen

Abstract

Generally, collagen is produced from animal-derived raw materials such as pigskin, fish scales, and fish skin, and therefore has a characteristic odor (so-called collagen odor), which can cause discomfort when ingested or used. The inventors of this invention primarily aimed to provide a new technology to improve the collagen odor. [Solution] The present inventors have found that β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) can improve collagen odor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a collagen odor improving agent, a method for improving collagen odor, and a composition containing β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, NMN) and collagen, etc.

Background Art

[0002] Collagen is a fibrous protein widely present in connective tissues such as the skin, bones, cartilage, and tendons of animals, and plays an important role in maintaining the strength and elasticity of tissues in vivo. It is known that the amount of collagen produced in the body decreases with aging, and for the purpose of compensating for this decrease, it has been proposed to supplement collagen by external intake or application.

[0003] Collagen is widely used in the forms of health foods, supplements, cosmetics, quasi-drugs, etc. However, generally, since collagen is produced from animal raw materials such as pig skin, fish scales, and fish skin, it has a specific odor (so-called collagen odor), which may cause discomfort during intake or use. For this reason, methods of adding fragrances to mask the odor have been conventionally studied (Patent Documents 1 and 2).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] However, masking the collagen odor with added fragrances presented a challenge: it failed to meet consumer demand for fragrance-free products. Furthermore, some fragrance components are unstable to heat and oxidation, leading to potential alteration or deterioration of the aroma during long-term storage.

[0006] The inventors' primary objective was to provide a new technology to improve collagen odor. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The inventors have discovered that β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) can improve collagen odor. Through further refinement, they have completed this disclosure.

[0008] This disclosure includes, for example, the following subjects: Section 1. A collagen odor corrector containing β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN). Section 2. The collagen odor improving agent according to item 1, wherein the collagen is derived from fish. Section 3. The collagen odor improving agent according to item 1 or 2, wherein the molecular weight of the collagen is 1,000 to 10,000. Section 4. A collagen odor improving agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, for use by mixing NMN in an amount of 0.015 to 0.3 parts by mass with 1 part by mass of collagen. Section 5. A method for improving collagen odor, comprising the step of mixing β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) with collagen. Section 6. A composition containing β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and collagen, and free from fragrances. Section 7. The composition according to item 6, wherein the collagen is derived from fish. Section 8. The composition according to item 6 or 7, wherein the molecular weight of the collagen is 1,000 to 10,000. Section 9. The composition according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein it contains 0.015 to 0.3 parts by mass of NMN per 1 part by mass of collagen. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to this disclosure, a new technology is provided to improve collagen odor. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0010] The embodiments included in this disclosure will be described in more detail below. This disclosure preferably includes, but is not limited to, collagen odor improving agents, methods for improving collagen odor, and compositions containing β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and collagen, and this disclosure includes everything disclosed herein and recognizable to those skilled in the art.

[0011] In this disclosure, "collagen odor improvement" includes suppressing the generation of unpleasant odors and / or tastes characteristic of collagen, and reducing the intensity of unpleasant odors and / or tastes that have already occurred. Furthermore, "collagen odor" as used herein includes animal-like fishy odors, off-odors accompanied by sourness, and unpleasant flavors such as astringency and bitterness felt in the mouth, all derived from collagen. The effect of improving collagen odor can be confirmed by reducing the intensity of these unpleasant odors and / or tastes compared to when the improving component is not added. The collagen odor improvement effect in this disclosure can be evaluated by improving palatability during ingestion or use through these actions.

[0012] In the technology disclosed herein, the origin of the collagen is not particularly limited, and for example, collagen derived from fish, mammals, or birds, or mixtures thereof, can be used. Examples of collagen derived from fish include that derived from fish such as red snapper, black snapper, South Pacific black snapper, threadfin bream, sea bass, basa, Alaska pollock, cod, salmon, red snapper, skipjack tuna, tuna, tilapia, sharks, rays, and mullet. Collagen derived from fish can be extracted from the skin, scales, bones, and cartilage of fish. Examples of collagen derived from mammals include that derived from mammals such as cows, pigs, and horses. Collagen derived from mammals can be extracted from the skin, bones, tendons, and cartilage of mammals. Examples of collagen derived from birds include that derived from chickens. Collagen derived from birds can be extracted from the skin, cartilage, and comb of chickens. Although not particularly limited, in the technology disclosed herein, it is preferable that the collagen is derived from fish.

[0013] The method for preparing collagen in the technology disclosed herein is not particularly limited. For example, collagen can be obtained by extraction from raw material tissue using an acid or enzyme. More specifically, examples include acid-soluble collagen extracted using an acid such as dilute hydrochloric acid or citric acid, and enzyme-soluble collagen extracted using a protease such as pepsin. Furthermore, collagen with a reduced molecular weight (also called low molecular weight collagen, hydrolyzed collagen, or collagen peptide) can be obtained by partially hydrolyzing the obtained collagen.

[0014] In the technology of this disclosure, the molecular weight of collagen is not particularly limited. For example, collagen with an average molecular weight in the range of several hundred to several hundred thousand can be used. In this disclosure, the average molecular weight of collagen refers to the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). More specifically, for example, collagen with an average molecular weight of about 100 to 500,000 can be used. The upper or lower limits of the above range are 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1400, 1500, 1600, 1700, 1800, 1900, 2000, 2100, 2200, 2300, 2400, 2500, 2600, 2700, 2800, 2900, 3000, 3100, 3200, 3300, 3400, 3500, 3600, 3700, 3800, 3900, 4000, 4100, 4200, 4300, 4400, 4500, 4600, 4700, 4800, 4 900, 5000, 5100, 5200, 5300, 5400, 5500, 5600, 5700, 5800, 5900, 6000, 6500, 7000, 7500, 8000, 8500, 9000, 9500, 10000, 11000, 12000, 13000, 14000, 15000, 16000, 17000, 18000, 19000, 20000, 30000, 40000, 50000, 60000, 70000, 80000, 90000, 100000, 200000, 300000, 400000, or 500000. While not particularly limited, in the technology of this disclosure, it is preferable to use collagen with an average molecular weight of about 200 to 50,000, more preferably collagen with an average molecular weight of about 500 to 20,000, even more preferably collagen with an average molecular weight of about 1,000 to 10,000, and particularly preferably collagen with an average molecular weight of about 2,000 to 7,000.

[0015] The collagen odor improver included in the present disclosure contains β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN). NMN is rapidly converted into nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) by enzymatic reaction in vivo, and it has been reported to exhibit effects such as maintaining mitochondrial function, promoting redox reactions, and improving metabolic activity. NMN is a nucleotide compound composed of nicotinamide and ribose phosphate, and its chemical formula is C 11 H 15 N2O8P. The chemical structure of NMN is shown below. TIFF0007904973000001.tif45168

[0016] Although not particularly limited, in the technology of the present disclosure, it is preferable that NMN is mixed so as to be 0.01 to 0.5 parts by mass with respect to 1 part by mass of collagen. By setting the ratio to be above the lower limit of the above range, the odor peculiar to collagen can be more effectively improved. Also, although NMN has a peculiar sour taste, by setting the ratio to be below the upper limit of the above range, it is possible to prevent the sour taste derived from NMN from becoming excessive and maintain good palatability. The upper limit or the lower limit of the above range may be 0.01, 0.015, 0.02, 0.025, 0.03, 0.035, 0.

[0017] The present disclosure also includes a method for improving fishy collagen odor, which includes a step of mixing NMN with collagen. Matters described regarding the fishy collagen odor improver in the present disclosure can be appropriately applied to the method for improving fishy collagen odor.

[0018] The form of mixing is not particularly limited. For example, there are a method of physically mixing powdery or granular collagen with powdery NMN, and a method of dissolving or dispersing collagen and NMN in a solvent such as water and then drying.

[0019] Although not particularly limited, the method for improving fishy collagen odor included in the present disclosure preferably does not substantially include a step of mixing a fragrance. Here, "not substantially including a step of mixing a fragrance" means that no fragrance is intentionally added. Even if there is a fragrance component in the composition, if it is not in an amount that can improve the fishy collagen odor, that is, if it does not substantially exhibit a flavor imparting effect, it is not considered to substantially include a step of mixing a fragrance. Specifically, as a case of not substantially including a step of mixing a fragrance, for example, the content of the fragrance component is less than 0.01% by mass with respect to the whole composition and is in a range where the effect of the fragrance cannot be identified olfactorily or gustatorily. Also, even if a trace amount of fragrance component is unavoidably mixed in during the manufacturing process of the composition from raw materials or auxiliary materials, if the mixing amount is within the above range, it is not considered to substantially include a step of mixing a fragrance.

[0020] In the present disclosure, "fragrance" particularly means a substance classified as "fragrance" or "fragrance preparation" as a food additive in the Food Hygiene Law (Law No. 233 of 1947) and the standard criteria for foods, additives, etc. based thereon, and the Food Labeling Standards (Cabinet Office Ordinance No. 10 of 2015), and can be collectively indicated as "fragrance" in the ingredient label of food.

[0021] Specific fragrance components include, but are not limited to, natural or synthetic aromatic organic compounds such as limonene, linalool, geraniol, citronellol, nerol, borneol, menthol, α-pinene, β-pinene, camphor, myrcene, citral (neral and geranial), cinnamaldehyde, hexanal, nonanal, benzaldehyde, vanillin, linalyl acetate, geranyl acetate, benzyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, ethyl lactate, benzyl benzoate, methyl salicylate, methyl ionone, isomethyl ionone, dihydrojasmone, acetophenone, coumarin, phenethyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, 2-phenoxyethanol, thymol, carvacrol, eugenol, vanillyl alcohol, anisaldehyde, methyl anthranilate, heliotropin (piperonal), indole, and skatole. Fragrances may contain fragrance components individually or in combination of two or more.

[0022] This disclosure also includes compositions containing NMN and collagen, but without fragrances. Such compositions included in this disclosure may be referred to as "the compositions of this disclosure." Matters described in this disclosure with respect to collagen odor improvers and collagen odor improvers may be appropriately incorporated into the compositions of this disclosure. Furthermore, matters described in this disclosure with respect to the compositions of this disclosure may be appropriately incorporated into collagen odor improvers and collagen odor improvers.

[0023] In this disclosure, "fragrance-free" means substantially free from fragrance components added for the purpose of imparting flavor or masking odors derived from raw materials. Furthermore, "substantially free" includes cases where fragrance components are not intentionally added and the amount contained in the composition does not exhibit an olfactory or gustatory flavor-imparting effect, for example, less than 0.01% by mass of the entire composition. Embodiments containing unavoidable aroma components derived from manufacturing raw materials other than fragrances are not considered to contain fragrances.

[0024] While not particularly limited, the compositions of this disclosure preferably contain 0.01 to 0.5 parts by mass of NMN per 1 part by mass of collagen. By setting the ratio to a level above the lower limit of the above range, the characteristic odor of collagen can be more effectively improved. Furthermore, by setting the ratio to a level below the upper limit of the above range, excessive acidity derived from NMN can be prevented, and palatability can be maintained well. The upper or lower limits of the above range are 0.01, 0.015, 0.02, 0.025, 0.03, 0.035, 0.04, 0.045, 0.05, 0.055, 0.06, 0.065, 0.07, 0.075, 0.08, 0.085, 0.09, 0.095, 0.1, 0.11, 0.12, 0.13, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, 0.19, 0. The amount may be 0.2, 0.21, 0.22, 0.23, 0.24, 0.25, 0.26, 0.27, 0.28, 0.29, 0.3, 0.31, 0.32, 0.33, 0.34, 0.35, 0.36, 0.37, 0.38, 0.39, 0.4, 0.41, 0.42, 0.43, 0.44, 0.45, 0.46, 0.47, 0.48, 0.49, or 0.5 parts by mass. The compositions of this disclosure more preferably contain 0.015 to 0.3 parts by mass of NMN per 1 part by mass of collagen, even more preferably 0.02 to 0.2 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 0.03 to 0.1 parts by mass.

[0025] The form of the composition of this disclosure is not particularly limited and may be, for example, powder, granule, solid, tablet, capsule, paste, liquid, suspension, emulsion, semi-solid, or gel. It may also be a composite form combining two or more of these forms. The composition of this disclosure is preferably a dry solid, and more preferably a powder. "Powder" includes both powder and granule forms.

[0026] The compositions of this disclosure may contain other components in addition to collagen and NMN. Examples of other components include pharmacologically or food-safe bases, carriers, solvents, dispersants, emulsifiers, buffers, stabilizers, excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, thickeners, antioxidants, preservatives, coatings, colorants, etc. These components may be used individually or in combination of two or more.

[0027] While not particularly limited, the compositions of this disclosure preferably do not contain excipients. Specific excipients include, for example, maltodextrin, cyclodextrin, dextrin, dextrose, glucose, fructose, sucrose, lactose, trehalose, sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, erythritol, isomalt, gum arabic, pullulan, pectin, sodium alginate, carrageenan, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, crystalline cellulose, starch, indigestible dextrin, inulin, polydextrose, and oligosaccharides (fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, isomaltoligosaccharides, etc.).

[0028] The compositions of this disclosure may or may not contain ascorbic acid. While not particularly limited, it is especially preferable that the compositions of this disclosure consist solely of collagen and NMN.

[0029] The compositions of this disclosure can be prepared by conventional methods by combining collagen and NMN with other components as needed.

[0030] The compositions of this disclosure are not particularly limited, but may include, for example, oral compositions. The compositions of this disclosure may also include pharmaceutical compositions or food and beverage compositions. If they are food and beverage compositions, they may include, for example, processed foods, beverages, health foods (nutrient function foods, foods with functional claims, foods for specified health uses, etc.), supplements, and foods for the sick (hospital meals, sick person meals, or nursing care meals, etc.).

[0031] If the composition of this disclosure is an oral composition, the amount ingested is not particularly limited. For example, when ingested by a human (adult), the total intake of collagen may be 100 to 50,000 mg per day. The upper or lower limits of the above range may be 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000, 3500, 4000, 4500, 5000, 5500, 6000, 6500, 7000, 7500, 8000, 8500, 9000, 9500, 10000, 20000, 30000, 40000, or 50000 mg. While not particularly limited, for human (adult) intake, the total daily intake of collagen is preferably 1,000 to 30,000 mg, more preferably 1,500 to 20,000 mg, even more preferably 2,000 to 10,000 mg, and particularly preferably 2,500 to 6,000 mg. The above amount may be taken, for example, divided into 1 to 3 doses per day.

[0032] Furthermore, for example, when ingested by a human (adult), the total daily intake of NMN may be 10 to 1000 mg. The upper or lower limits of the above range may be 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, or 1000 mg. While not particularly limited, for human (adult) intake, the total daily intake of NMN is preferably 30 to 800 mg, more preferably 50 to 500 mg, even more preferably 100 to 300 mg, and particularly preferably 120 to 280 mg. The above amount may be taken, for example, divided into 1 to 3 doses per day.

[0033] The frequency of administration (ingestion) of the compositions disclosed herein is not particularly limited. For example, they may be administered or ingested once or more times a day, once or more times a week, or once or more times a month. The duration of administration (ingestion) of the compositions disclosed herein is also not particularly limited.

[0034] In this specification, the term “comprising” includes not only “containing” but also “essentially consisting of” and “consisting of.” Furthermore, this disclosure encompasses all combinations of the constituent elements described herein.

[0035] Furthermore, the various characteristics (properties, numerical values, structure, function, etc.) described for each embodiment of this disclosure described above may be combined in any way to identify the subject matter covered by this disclosure. In other words, this disclosure covers all subject matter consisting of any combination of the combinable characteristics described herein. [Examples]

[0036] The embodiments of this disclosure will be described in more detail below with examples, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to the examples below.

[0037] [Sample preparation] A control solution was prepared by dissolving 5000 mg of powdered fish-derived low-molecular-weight collagen (average molecular weight 3580) in 100 mL of water. The average molecular weight of the collagen was determined by the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). A GPC system manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation was used for GPC measurement, and a size exclusion chromatography column was used for separation. An aqueous solution of acetonitrile containing trifluoroacetic acid was used as the mobile phase. In addition, NMN, ascorbic acid, or nicotinamide was added to 5000 mg of the collagen and dissolved in 100 mL of water, respectively. The amount added was 150 mg or 250 mg.

[0038] [Evaluation Method] The improvement effect of each additive on collagen odor was evaluated using a two-point comparison method and a scale evaluation method in accordance with the Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS). Nine to ten evaluators capable of distinguishing collagen flavor were selected and participated in each test. In the two-point comparison method, two types of solutions, a control solution and an additive solution, were blinded, and evaluators were asked to select the sample that they judged to have a weaker collagen flavor (i.e., less collagen odor). In the scale evaluation method, the collagen flavor was evaluated on a 9-point scale, with 1 point representing the most unpleasant and 9 points representing the most pleasant, and the average score for each solution was calculated.

[0039] [Statistical analysis] For the results of the two-point comparison method, significance was determined using a binomial test, and for the results of the scale evaluation method, significance was determined using a t-test. The results were indicated as "○" for significant difference and "×" for no significant difference.

[0040] [result] In the case of ascorbic acid supplementation (150 mg), 7 out of 10 participants chose the ascorbic acid-containing solution in a two-point comparison method. In the scale evaluation, collagen alone (control) scored 5.0 points, while collagen + ascorbic acid scored 5.2 points. No significant difference was observed in either evaluation method.

[0041] In the case of nicotinamide supplementation (150 mg), 3 out of 10 participants chose the nicotinamide-containing solution in a two-point comparison method. In the scale evaluation, the score was 4.1 points for collagen alone (control) and 4.1 points for collagen + nicotinamide, and no significant difference was observed in either evaluation method.

[0042] In the case of NMN supplementation (150 mg), all 9 subjects chose the NMN-containing solution in the two-point comparison method. In the scale evaluation, the score was 4.2 points for collagen alone (control) and 5.9 points for collagen + NMN, and a significant difference was observed in both the two-point comparison method and the scale evaluation method.

[0043] In the case of NMN supplementation (250 mg), 8 out of 9 participants chose the NMN-containing solution in the two-point comparison method. In the scale evaluation, collagen alone (control) scored 3.9 points, while collagen + NMN scored 6.3 points, and significant differences were observed in both the two-point comparison method and the scale evaluation method.

[0044] The results of the significance assessment for each evaluation are shown in the table below.

[0045] [Table 1]

[0046] [Consideration] No significant reduction in collagen odor was observed compared to the control group under conditions with ascorbic acid or nicotinamide. However, under conditions with NMN, a significant reduction in collagen odor was observed at both 150 mg and 250 mg doses. In the scale evaluation, the NMN-added samples scored significantly higher than the control group, suggesting that NMN is effective in improving collagen odor.

[0047] Although NMN has a distinctive sour taste, ascorbic acid, which also has a sour taste, did not show a significant reduction in collagen odor. This suggests that the reduction in collagen odor by NMN is not simply due to a masking effect caused by its sour taste.

[0048] [Manufacturing Example 1] A powdered composition was obtained by mixing 100 parts by mass of powdered fish-derived low molecular weight collagen (average molecular weight 3580) with 3 parts by mass of NMN.

[0049] [Manufacturing Example 2] A powdered composition was obtained by mixing 100 parts by mass of powdered fish-derived low molecular weight collagen (average molecular weight 3580) with 5 parts by mass of NMN.

Claims

1. A collagen odor corrector containing β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN).

2. The collagen odor improving agent according to claim 1, wherein the collagen is derived from fish.

3. The collagen odor improving agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the molecular weight of the collagen is 1,000 to 10,000.

4. The collagen odor improving agent according to claim 1 or 2, for use by mixing NMN in an amount of 0.015 to 0.3 parts by mass with 1 part by mass of collagen.

5. A method for improving collagen odor, comprising the step of mixing β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) with collagen.

6. The method for improving collagen odor according to claim 5, wherein the collagen is derived from fish.

7. The method for improving collagen odor according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the molecular weight of the collagen is 1,000 to 10,000.

8. The method for improving collagen odor according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising the step of mixing NMN in an amount of 0.015 to 0.3 parts by mass with respect to 1 part by mass of collagen.

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