Methods for Doppler information reporting

Abstract

The apparatus comprises means for receiving a tracking reference signal configuration from a network, the configuration including at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition associated with the at least one parameter to be measured; means for performing at least one measurement of the at least one parameter using the configuration, the at least one parameter associated with the tracking reference signal; means for determining whether the at least one validity condition associated with the at least one measurement is valid; and means for reporting the at least one measurement of the at least one parameter and the determination of whether the at least one validity condition is valid to the network.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Examples and non-exclusive exemplary embodiments relate generally to communications, and more specifically to methods for Doppler information reporting. [Background technology]

[0002] It is known that Doppler measurements are performed in wireless communication networks. [Overview of the Initiative] [Means for solving the problem]

[0003] According to one embodiment, the apparatus comprises means for receiving a tracking reference signal configuration from a network, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition associated with the at least one parameter to be measured; means for performing at least one measurement of the at least one parameter using the configuration, wherein the at least one parameter is associated with the tracking reference signal; means for determining whether at least one validity condition associated with the at least one measurement is valid; and means for reporting to the network the at least one measurement of the at least one parameter and the determination of whether at least one validity condition is valid.

[0004] In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises means for transmitting a tracking reference signal configuration to user equipment, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition related to the at least one parameter to be measured; means for receiving a report from user equipment including a determination of whether at least one measurement of the at least one parameter, at least one parameter related to the tracking reference signal, and at least one validity condition are valid; and means for transmitting to at least one transmit / receive point, using a backhaul link, the determination of whether at least one measurement and at least one validity condition are valid.

[0005] In one embodiment, the method includes receiving a tracking reference signal configuration from a network, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition associated with the at least one parameter to be measured; performing at least one measurement of at least one parameter using the configuration, wherein the at least one parameter is associated with the tracking reference signal; determining whether at least one validity condition associated with the at least one measurement is valid; and reporting to the network the at least one measurement of at least one parameter and the determination of whether at least one validity condition is valid.

[0006] According to one embodiment, the method includes transmitting a tracking reference signal configuration to a user device, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition related to the at least one parameter to be measured; receiving a report from the user device including a determination of whether at least one measurement of the at least one parameter, at least one parameter related to the tracking reference signal, and at least one validity condition are valid; and transmitting to at least one transmit / receive point, using a backhaul link, the determination of whether at least one measurement and at least one validity condition are valid.

[0007] According to one embodiment, the device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory containing computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the device to use at least one processor to receive a tracking reference signal configuration from a network, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition related to the at least one parameter to be measured; to use the configuration to perform at least one measurement of the at least one parameter, wherein the at least one parameter is related to the tracking reference signal; to determine whether the at least one validity condition associated with the at least one measurement is valid; and to report to the network the at least one measurement of the at least one parameter and the determination of whether the at least one validity condition is valid.

[0008] According to one aspect, the apparatus comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code being configured to cause the apparatus, using the at least one processor, to at least transmit a tracking reference signal configuration to a user equipment, the configuration including at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition associated with the at least one parameter to be measured, receive, from the user equipment, a report including at least one measurement of the at least one parameter, at least one parameter associated with the tracking reference signal, and a determination as to whether the at least one validity condition is valid, and transmit, to at least one transceiver point, at least one measurement and a determination as to whether the at least one validity condition is valid using a backhaul link.

[0009] According to one aspect, there is provided a machine-readable non-transitory program storage device tangibly embodying a program of instructions executable by a machine for performing operations, the operations including receiving a tracking reference signal configuration from a network, the configuration including at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition associated with the at least one parameter to be measured, performing at least one measurement of the at least one parameter using the configuration, the at least one parameter being associated with the tracking reference signal, determining whether at least one validity condition associated with the at least one measurement is valid, and reporting to the network at least one measurement of the at least one parameter and a determination as to whether the at least one validity condition is valid.

[0010] According to one aspect, there is provided a machine-readable non-transitory program storage device tangibly embodying a program of instructions executable by a machine to perform an operation, the operation comprising transmitting a tracking reference signal configuration to a user device, the configuration comprising at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition associated with the at least one parameter to be measured, receiving, from the user device, a report including at least one measurement of the at least one parameter, at least one parameter associated with the tracking reference signal, and a determination as to whether the at least one validity condition is valid, and transmitting, to at least one transceiver point, using a backhaul link, the at least one measurement and a determination as to whether the at least one validity condition is valid.

[0011] The foregoing aspects and other features are described in the following description in connection with the accompanying drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012] [Figure 1] FIG. is a block diagram of an example and non-limiting system capable of implementing an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. shows an example of a DL TRS of OFDM in NR Rel-15. [Figure 3] FIG. shows the use of NZP CSI-RS symbols for measuring Doppler information in a UE. [Figure 4] FIG. shows Doppler estimation based on UL SRS. [Figure 5] FIG. shows signaling of a UE-based Doppler estimation and correction method based on the examples described herein. [Figure 6] FIG. is a diagram of an exemplary apparatus configured to implement the examples described herein. [Figure 7] FIG. shows a specific example of an example of a non-volatile memory medium. [Figure 8]This is a flowchart of the method for performing the examples described herein. [Figure 9] This is a flowchart of the method for performing the examples described herein. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0013] Referring to Figure 1, this figure shows a block diagram of one possible, non-limiting example in which the example may be put into practice. A user device (UE) 110, a radio access network (RAN) node 170, and a network element 190 are shown. In the example of Figure 1, the user device (UE) 110 is wirelessly communicating with a wireless network 100. The UE is a wireless device that can access the wireless network 100. The UE 110 includes one or more processors 120, one or more memories 125, and one or more transceivers 130 interconnected through one or more buses 127. Each of the one or more transceivers 130 includes a receiver Rx132 and a transmitter Tx133. The one or more buses 127 may be an address bus, a data bus, or a control bus, and may include any interconnection mechanism such as a series of wires on a motherboard or integrated circuit, optical fiber, or other optical communication equipment. The one or more transceivers 130 are connected to one or more antennas 128. One or more memories 125 contain computer program code 123. The UE110 includes a module 140 containing one or both of components 140-1 and / or 140-2, which can be implemented in many ways. Module 140 may be implemented in hardware as module 140-1, for example, as part of one or more processors 120. Module 140-1 may also be implemented as an integrated circuit or via other hardware such as a programmable gate array. In another example, module 140 may be implemented as module 140-2, which is implemented as computer program code 123 and executed by one or more processors 120. For example, one or more memories 125 and computer program code 123 may be configured to cause the user device 110 to perform one or more of the operations described herein using one or more processors 120. The UE110 communicates with the RAN node 170 via a wireless link 111.

[0014] In this example, RAN node 170 is a base station that allows wireless devices such as UE 110 to access the wireless network 100. RAN node 170 may also be a base station for 5G, also known as New Radio (NR). In 5G, RAN node 170 may be an NG-RAN node, which is defined as either a gNB or an ng-eNB. A gNB is a node that provides NR user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE and connects to the 5GC (e.g., network element 190) via an NG interface (e.g., connection 131). An ng-gNB is a node that provides E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE and connects to the 5GC via an NG interface (e.g., connection 131). An NG-RAN node may include multiple gNBs, and a gNB may also include a central unit (CU) (gNB-CU) 196 and a distributed unit (DU) (gNB-DU), with DU 195 being shown among the distributed units. Note that DU195 may include a radio unit (RU), or may be coupled to and control a radio unit. gNB-CU196 is a logical node that hosts the Radio Resource Control (RRC), the SDAP and PDCP protocols of the gNB, or the RRC or PDCP protocol of the en-gNB that controls the operation of one or more gNB-DUs. gNB-CU196 terminates the F1 interface connected to gNB-DU195. The F1 interface is shown as reference number 198, but reference number 198 also indicates links between remote elements and centralized elements of RAN node 170, such as between gNB-CU196 and gNB-DU195. gNB-DU195 is a logical node that hosts the RLC, MAC, and PHY layers of the gNB or en-gNB, and its operation is partially controlled by gNB-CU196. One gNB-CU196 supports one or more cells. A single cell may be supported by one gNB-DU195, or a single cell may be supported / shared by multiple DUs under RAN sharing.The gNB-DU195 terminates the F1 interface 198 connected to the gNB-CU196. The DU195 is thought to include the transceiver 160 as part of a RU, for example, but it should be noted that in some examples, the transceiver 160 may be part of a separate RU, which is under the control of and connected to the DU195. The RAN node 170 may also be an eNB (Evolved NodeB) base station for LTE (Long-Term Evolution), or any other suitable base station, access point, access node, or node.

[0015] RAN node 170 includes one or more processors 152, one or more memories 155, one or more network interfaces (N / WI / F) 161, and one or more transceivers 160, all interconnected via one or more buses 157. Each of the one or more transceivers 160 includes a receiver Rx162 and a transmitter Tx163. One or more transceivers 160 are connected to one or more antennas 158. One or more memories 155 contain computer program code 153. CU 196 may include a processor 152, memory 155, and network interface 161. DU 195 may itself include one / more memories and processors, and / or other hardware, but these are not shown in the illustration.

[0016] RAN node 170 includes module 150 containing one or both of component 150-1 and / or 150-2, which can be implemented in many ways. Module 150 may be implemented in hardware as module 150-1, such as being implemented as part of one or more processors 152. Module 150-1 may also be implemented as an integrated circuit or via other hardware such as a programmable gate array. In another example, module 150 may be implemented as module 150-2, which is implemented as computer program code 153 and executed by one or more processors 152. For example, one or more memories 155 and computer program code 153 are configured to cause RAN node 170 to perform one or more of the operations described herein using one or more processors 152. Note that the functionality of module 150 may be distributed, such as being distributed between DU195 and CU196, or it may be implemented only in DU195.

[0017] One or more network interfaces 161 communicate over the network, for example, via links 176 and 131. Two or more gNBs 170 may communicate, for example, using link 176. Link 176 may be wired, wireless, or both, and may implement, for example, an Xn interface for 5G, an X2 interface for LTE, or other suitable interfaces for other standards.

[0018] As shown in Figure 1, RAN node 170 can communicate with RAN nodes 170-2, 170-3, and 170-N using link 176. UE 110 communicates with RAN node 170-2 via wireless link 111-2, UE 110 communicates with RAN node 170-3 via wireless link 111-3, and UE 110 communicates with RAN node 170-N via wireless link 111-N. RAN node 170-2 includes TRP61 and TRP62, RAN node 170-3 includes TRP71 and TRP72, and RAN node 170-N includes TRP81 and TRP82. Each of RAN nodes 170, 170-2, 170-3, and 170-N may include more than two TRPs.

[0019] One or more buses 157 may be address buses, data buses, or control buses, and may include any interconnection mechanism such as a series of wires on a motherboard or integrated circuit, optical fiber, or other optical communication equipment, or a wireless channel. For example, one or more transceivers 160 may be implemented as a Remote Radio Head (RRH) 195 for LTE or a Distributed Unit (DU) 195 for a gNB implementation for 5G, where other elements of the RAN node 170 are likely located in a different location from the RRH / DU 195, and one or more buses 157 may be partially implemented as other suitable network connections, for example, optical fiber cables or other elements of the RAN node 170 (e.g., a Central Unit (CU), gNB-CU 196) to connect to the RRH / DU 195. Reference no. 198 also indicates those suitable network links.

[0020] A RAN node / gNB may include one or more TRPs to which the methods described herein may be applied. Figure 1 shows that a RAN node 170 includes two TRPs, TRP51 and TRP52. A RAN node 170 may host or include other TRPs not shown in Figure 1. TRP51 and TRP52 may form part of the components of a transceiver 160.

[0021] Within the scope of this disclosure, two TRPs may be for one gNB (e.g., a serving cell), and two other TRPs may be for different cell / gNBs (a PCI different from the serving cell). Alternatively, all TRPs may be associated with the same cell. Thus, the TRPs described herein may be associated with the same or different PCIs.

[0022] In NR, relay nodes are called integrated access backhaul nodes. The mobile termination of an IAB node facilitates backhaul (parent link) connections. The mobile termination is a function that has UE (User Interface) functionality. The distributed unit of an IAB node facilitates so-called access link (child link) connections (i.e., access link UEs and backhaul to other IAB nodes in the case of multi-hop IAB). The distributed unit is responsible for specific base station functions. The IAB scenario may also follow a segregated architecture, where the central unit hosts higher-layer protocols to the UE and terminates the control plane and user plane interfaces to the 5G core network.

[0023] It should be noted that while the description herein states that a “cell” performs a function, it should be clear that the equipment forming the cell is capable of performing that function. A cell constitutes part of a base station. That is, there may be multiple cells for each base station. For example, there may be three cells for a single carrier frequency and associated bandwidth, with each cell covering one-third of a 360-degree area, such that the coverage area of ​​a single base station covers approximately an ellipse or a circle. Furthermore, each cell may correspond to a single carrier, and a base station may use multiple carriers. Thus, if there are three 120-degree cells per carrier and two carriers, a base station has a total of six cells.

[0024] The wireless network 100 may include one or more network elements 190 which may include core network functions, providing connectivity to further networks such as telephone networks and / or data communication networks (e.g., the Internet) via one or more links 181. Such core network functions for 5G may include location management functions (LMF) and / or access and mobility management functions (AMF) and / or user plane functions (UPF) and / or session management functions (SMF). Such core network functions for LTE may include MME (Mobility Management Entity) / SGW (Serving Gateway) functions. Such core network functions may include SON (Self-Organizing / Optimized Network) functions. These are merely illustrative functions that may be supported by the network element 190, and both 5G and LTE functions may be supported. The RAN node 170 is coupled to the network element 190 via link 131. Link 131 may be implemented, for example, as an NG interface for 5G or an S1 interface for LTE, or other suitable interfaces for other standards. The network element 190 includes one or more processors 175, one or more memories 171, and one or more network interfaces (N / WI / F) 180 interconnected via one or more buses 185. One or more memories 171 contain computer program code 173. The computer program code 173 may contain SON and / or MRO functions 172.

[0025] One or more network elements 190 include a module 177 which may include quasi-real-time RIC functionality. Computer program code 173 may include quasi-real-time RIC functionality. Modules 150-1 and / or 150-2 may include quasi-real-time RIC functionality.

[0026] The wireless network 100 may implement network virtualization, which is the process of combining hardware and software network resources and network functions into a single software-based management entity, a virtual network. Network virtualization often involves platform virtualization, which is combined with resource virtualization. Network virtualization is categorized as either external, which combines many networks or parts of networks into virtual units, or internal, which provides network-like functionality to software containers on a single system. It should be noted that the virtualized entities resulting from network virtualization are also implemented at some level using hardware such as processor 152 or processor 175 and memory 155 and memory 171, and that such virtualized entities produce technical effects.

[0027] Computer-readable memories 125, 155, and 171 may be of any type suitable for the local technical environment and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, flash memory, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, non-temporary memory, temporary memory, fixed memory, and removable memory. Computer-readable memories 125, 155, and 171 may also be means for performing storage functions. Processors 120, 152, and 175 may be of any type suitable for the local technical environment and may include, in non-limiting examples, one or more of general-purpose computers, dedicated computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), and processors based on multicore processor architectures. Processors 120, 152, and 175 may be means for performing functions such as controlling the UE 110, the RAN node 170, the network element 190, and other functions described herein. Generally, various exemplary embodiments of the user device 110 may include, but are not limited to, a cellular phone such as a smartphone, a tablet, a personal digital assistant (PDA) with wireless communication capabilities, a portable computer with wireless communication capabilities, an image capture device such as a digital camera with wireless communication capabilities, a gaming device with wireless communication capabilities, a music storage and playback appliance with wireless communication capabilities, an internet appliance enabling wireless internet access and browsing, a tablet with wireless communication capabilities, a head-mounted display such as one implementing virtual reality / augmented reality / mixed reality, and a portable unit or terminal incorporating a combination of such capabilities. The UE 110 may also be a vehicle such as an automobile, or a UE mounted on a vehicle, such as a UAV such as a drone, or a UE mounted on a UAV.

[0028] UE110, RAN node 170, and / or network element 190 (and associated memory, computer program code, and modules) may be configured to implement (e.g., in part) the methods described herein, including methods for Doppler information reporting. Thus, the computer program code 123, module 140-1, module 140-2, and other elements / features of UE110 shown in Figure 1 may implement user equipment-related aspects of the methods described herein. The computer program code 153, module 150-1, module 150-2, and other elements / features of RAN node 170 shown in Figure 1 may implement gNB / TRP-related aspects of the methods described herein. The computer program code 173 and other elements / features of network element 190 shown in Figure 1 may be configured to implement network element-related aspects of the methods described herein.

[0029] While a suitable but non-limiting technical context for the practice of exemplary embodiments has been introduced, the exemplary embodiments are described more specifically here. The examples described herein relate to extensions to the PHY layer that enable Doppler shift / spread / measurement considering MIMO-related environments. Certain components are implemented by the UE and gNB. The methods described herein relate to the HST-SFN extensions of Release 17 (e.g., R1-2101450 and R1-2202320) concerning UE-based Doppler measurement reporting (in particular, an explicit approach). See also RP-213517, RP-213598, and R1-2204143. The examples described herein relate to conditions for the effectiveness of Doppler parameter measurements, including default and fallback reporting modes. In particular, conditions for the effectiveness of TRP-specific and inter-TRP Doppler parameter measurements (e.g., power thresholds or offsets) and corresponding reporting are described herein. The examples described herein provide further accuracy and reliability.

[0030] While the standardization for Release 18 focuses on enhancing uplink (UL) MIMO, there is still a need to introduce necessary enhancements to downlink (DL) MIMO to facilitate the use of large antenna arrays (for FR2 as well as FR1) in order to meet the demand for enhanced NR deployment [Tdoc No. RP-213517 - "New WID: MIMO Evolution for Downlink and Uplink"].

[0031] MIMO in Release 16 / 17 provides support for multi-TRP deployments in the form of non-coherent joint transmission (NC-JT). Furthermore, coherent joint transmission (CJT), introduced in LTE Release 11, can improve coverage and average throughput in commercial deployments with high-performance backhaul and synchronization capabilities. In light of this, enhancements to CSI acquisition for FDD and TDD targeting FR1 may be beneficial in extending the use of CJT to NR multi-TRP deployments [Tdoc number RP-213517 - "New WID: MIMO Evolution for Downlink and Uplink"]. Therefore, CJT is considered one of the potential technologies in 5G evolved cellular systems targeting Release 18. With CJT, multiple TRPs serve each UE in a coherent manner, enabling a significant improvement in throughput at cell edge UEs. However, CJT requires precise channel state information (CSI), such as synchronization of "phase, timing, and frequency" for successful operation. For example, a phase change in the CSI may cause coupling problems at the target UE, resulting in a decrease in the UE's SINR (and consequently, a decrease in throughput).

[0032] Considering moving UEs, the effect of Doppler shift / spread is one reason why the phase variation differs across channels from multiple TRPs. The velocity of the UE differs for each of the multiple TRPs, and therefore, each channel from TRP to the UE is affected by the resulting Doppler shift / spread. In the case of CJT-CoMP (Cooperative Multipoint), this causes interference in the UE, resulting in reduced throughput.

[0033] NR Release 15 supports coarse downlink time and frequency synchronization based on secondary and primary synchronization signals located within the synchronous signal block (SSB). After receiving the SSB, the UE is intended to compensate for residual time and frequency error offsets and to adjust the Wiener filter length in time and frequency using a time and frequency tracking reference signal (TRS) to match the parameters of the DMRS channel estimator, namely the radio channel coherence time and frequency.

[0034] As described above, NR Release 15 provides a mechanism for supporting downlink TRS transmission by using NZP-CSI-RS resources with CP-OFDM waveforms [TS38.211]. TS38.214 supports two different NZP-CSI-RS resource set configurations for the UE to perform time and frequency tracking. More specifically, according to [TS38.214], in the case of an NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet configured with the upper layer parameter trs-Info, the UE assumes that antenna ports having the same port index as the configured NZP CSI-RS resources in the NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet are identical.

[0035] In frequency range 1 (i.e., less than 6 GHz), the UE may consist of one or more NZP CSI-RS sets, in which case the NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet consists of four periodic NZP CSI-RS resources in two consecutive slots, each having two periodic NZP-CSI-RS resources.

[0036] In frequency range 2 (i.e., above 6 GHz), the UE may consist of one or more NZP CSI-RS sets, in which case the NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet consists of two periodic CSI-RS resources in one slot, or an NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet of four periodic NZP CSI-RS resources in two consecutive slots, each having two periodic NZP-CSI-RS resources.

[0037] The UE expects that periodic and aperiodic CSI-RS resource sets consist of the same number of CSI-RS resources and the same number of CSI-RS resources in each slot. If an aperiodic CSI-RS resource set is triggered, and the associated periodic CSI-RS resource set consists of four periodic CSI-RS resources with two consecutive slots, each containing two periodic CSI-RS resources, then the upper-layer parameter aperiodic Triggering Offset indicates the triggering offset of the first slot for the first two CSI-RS resources in the set.

[0038] Figure 2 shows an example of CP-OFDM-based DL NZP-CSI-RS-based TRS transmission in NR Release 15. As shown, the NZP CSI-RS resource is a single port with density 3. The maximum bandwidth of the CSI-RS resource is 52 physical resource blocks (PRB). The time domain location of two CSI-RS resources in a slot, or four CSI-RS resources in two consecutive slots, is given by one of the following [TS38.214]: • For frequency ranges 1 and FR2, {4,8}, {5,9}, or {6,10}, For FR2, {0,4}, {1,5}, {2,6}, {3,7}, {7,11}, {8,12}, or {9,13}.

[0039] As shown in Figure 2, the first NZP-CSI-RS202 and the second NZP-CSI-RS204 are located within the PDSCH206. The M-IDFT208 is applied to the PDSCH206. The CP210 is applied to the output of the M-IDFT208. System BW212 is affected by the processes and configuration shown in Figure 2.

[0040] The NR specification of Release 17 provides support for both network-based and UE-based Doppler shift / spread tracking, as described above. In the network-based approach, DL PDSCH is used in high-speed train (HST) scenarios, transmitted from multiple TRPs in a single-frequency network (SFN) manner after compensating for Doppler based on uplink measurements. Further details are described herein.

[0041] NR Release 18 specifies the following CSI reporting enhancements for fast / medium speed UE rates by explicitly providing time-domain correlation / Doppler-domain information to support DL precoding (targeting FR1) [Tdoc number RP-213517 - "New WID: MIMO Evolution for Downlink and Uplink"]: - Improvements to the Release 16 / 17 Type II Codebook, without modifications to the spatial and frequency domains. - UE reporting of time-domain channel properties measured via CSI-RS for tracking.

[0042] Based on the proposal in [Tdoc No. R1-2203151 - "New WID: CSI enhancement for coherent JT and mobility"], the UE can measure Doppler information from a set of uniformly separated NZP CSI-RS bursts as shown in Figure 3. NZP CSI-RS bursts are useful for estimating more accurate and reliable Doppler information in the UE.

[0043] Figure 3 shows the CSI-RS resource sets (302, 304, 306) for the P / SP CSI-RS310 and the CSI-RS resource set 308 for the AP CSI-RS320, where each of the CSI-RS resource sets (302, 304, 306, 308) contains uniformly separated NZP CSI-RS bursts, and for at least the CSI-RS resource sets 302 and 308, the NZP CSI-RS bursts are separated by 1d time slots for a given time interval d.

[0044] Doppler information extracted from the UE can be used in gNB to improve downlink throughput. The use case in this case is as follows [Tdoc number R1-2203229 - "New WID: On CSI enhancements for Rel-18 NR MIMO evolution"]: • Using UE reports, the network can determine the periodicity of its configuration or the timing of triggers for CSI-RS, CSI reports, or SRS. • Using the UE report, the network determines whether to configure a Type I CSI report or a Type II CSI report. Using UE reports, the network may decide whether to use interaction-based CSI acquisition or Type II-based CSI feedback for MU-MIMO scheduling. Using UE reports, the network can determine the number of additional DMRS symbols required. The network uses reports as input to an open-loop link adaptive algorithm to adjust the selection of a robust MCS, even for URLLC cases. The network uses reports as input to AI / ML algorithms in the upper layers of the network, or for beam management.

[0045] To achieve the benefits of coherent joint transmission with precoding for TDD-based DL multi-TRP operation in NR Release 18 and subsequent releases (i.e., mitigation of inter-cell and MU-MIMO interference and improved frequency utilization efficiency), the use of accurate DL CSI information plays a crucial role in this process. In practice, due to UE mobility, obtaining up-to-date DL CSI information via DL CSI reporting based on UL SRS sounding or DL ​​RS measurements can be challenging. In reality, there is always a time delay between the UL / DL CSI measurement (and estimation) time and the time when joint precoding between different TRPs should be applied. Several other potential causes also exist that lead to CSI inaccuracies, such as estimation errors, latency associated with backhauling, and quantization of reported CSI information. To address some of the impacts, network-side time-domain prediction of CSI information based on UE Doppler information measurement and reporting may be seen as one attractive candidate for DL ​​multi-TRP CJT in Release 18 and subsequent releases.

[0046] The issue of radio channel time evolution tracking was addressed in the High-Speed ​​Train (HST) scenario. In the HST scenario, a dominant LoS propagation path is always present, and only the Doppler shift needs to be tracked for each TX-RX pair between the TRP and UE. As previously mentioned, Release 17 provides support for both UE-based and network-based approaches to the SFN HST scenario, including the network utilizing UL SRS transmission with network-side Doppler shift pre-compensation. The primary focus of the examples described herein is on the network-based approach.

[0047] A problem with the network-based approach in Release 17 is that Doppler estimation at each TRP requires multiple UL SRS transmissions from a single UE. As a result, the overhead of UL SRS resources increases significantly, leading to a decrease in UL PUSCH throughput. Furthermore, due to limited UL TX power, the quality of Doppler information estimation based on UL SRS transmissions can be significantly degraded in some scenarios, for example, when the UE is located at the edge of the TRP's serving coverage.

[0048] To enhance network-based pre-compensation approaches by reducing UL SRS overhead and latency, to improve measurement reliability, and to enhance network efficiency, there is a need to develop new methods for Doppler information measurement and reporting based on DL TRS measurements.

[0049] Figure 4 shows the Doppler estimation based on UL SRS. Figure 4 is partially based on Tdoc number RP-2123517 - "New WID: MIMOEvolution for Downlink and Uplink".

[0050] Doppler estimation for the HST scenario is described in [Tdoc number R1-2101450 - “Enhancements on HST-SFN deployment” R4], where the Doppler shift can be estimated using UL SRS. This is shown in Figure 4 for the case of two TRP(401, 402). First, TRS1 404 and TRS2 406 are transmitted from TRP1 401 and TRP2 402, respectively, and then UE110 measures the “fD1” associated with TRS1 404 and compensates for it in UL. At this stage, UE110 transmits UL SRS(408, 410) with “Fc+fUE”, which is received by TRP1 401 with “Fc+fUE+fD1” and by TRP2 402 with “Fc+fUE+fD2”. The difference in Doppler shift between TRP1 401 and TRP2 402 can be calculated using backhaul signaling and pre-compensated for while the data is being transmitted.

[0051] However, in some scenarios, UL SRS transmit 408 directed to TRP1 401 may be affected by the limited UL TX power budget of UE110, resulting in larger estimation errors, such as those related to Doppler shift and CSI. From this perspective, the number of different SRS transmits associated with different TRPs needs to be increased, as described in [Tdoc number R1-2202320 - "Maintenance of Enhancements for HST-SFN deployment"]. For example, to estimate a small Doppler shift, UL SRS transmit opportunities need to be configured across several symbols / slots. It should be noted that radio coherence time is roughly inversely proportional to Doppler spread / shift. This can induce potential scheduling limitations, leading to extra latency and UL reference signal resource overhead, as well as reduced UL data throughput. [Tdoc number R1-2101450 - "Enhancements on HST-SFN deployment"] defines an alternative approach in which the Doppler parameters are determined on the UE side by performing measurements related to TRS reference signal transmission and reporting them to the network.

[0052] Therefore, the conditions for effectiveness of Doppler parameter measurement and corresponding reporting are described herein. Furthermore, methods for both default and fallback Doppler information reporting modes are described herein.

[0053] The suitability of the UE reporting mechanism for Doppler estimation and Doppler parameters (enhanced CSI parameters) in UE can be summarized as follows:

[0054] The following assumptions are made: The network may configure one or more sets of TRS resources to act as "anchor" resources (used in Doppler difference calculations) via upper-layer signaling (i.e., RRC). The network may configure K associated with each TRP-specific TRS resource via upper-layer signaling. TRP# The network can be configured to measure the strongest / dominant multipath component of each. The network is configured so that the UE is associated with each TRP-specific TRS resource. TRP# The network may provide the UE with decision parameters (such as the received power threshold level, measurement time window, aging information, reporting time offset, maximum delay spread of the TRP-specific link, and maximum propagation delay or delay spread of each TRS) to verify the strongest / dominant multipath component. The network may configure different standalone Doppler parameter / information reporting formats. In this context, standalone means that the report does not depend on other codebook-based CSI reporting. Alternatively, the network may configure non-standalone Doppler parameter / information reporting formats. The reporting format may include TRP-specific Doppler information (i.e., the difference between Doppler shift and / or plane Doppler shift, and / or the difference between phase and / or plane phase, and / or Doppler spread) as well as / or inter-TRP Doppler information. The network may configure a reporting format for the arrival time of the first multipath component associated with each configured TRS resource and each multipath component of the configured TRS resource. The network may configure a Doppler reporting time offset.

[0055] The primary targets of standalone or non-standalone Doppler information reporting are, for example, scheduling the cycles of CSI-RS resources and CSI reporting, and assisting gNBs in the selection of reporting types (including the choice between mTRP CSI reporting and sTRP CSI reporting, such as Type-I NCJT and Type-II CJT). Furthermore, Doppler information reporting can be used to assist gNB-side predictions, for example, for DL ​​precoding. This can be beneficial for both CSI feedback-based and UL-SRS interaction-based precoding schemes. Both standalone and non-standalone Doppler information reporting can be used in the context of single-TRP and multi-TRP scenarios.

[0056] The effectiveness and reporting of TRP-specific and inter-TRP Doppler information measurements (for one or more parameters) are defined as follows: Doppler information (e.g., Doppler Information Item) may be defined as either a multipath-specific Doppler shift or a multipath-specific Doppler shift difference between a “anchor” TRP and a resource (e.g., TRS) associated with another TRP (sharing the same or different Physical Cell ID (PCI)). The effectiveness of Doppler parameter measurements may be defined, for example, based on one of the following conditions: Condition #1, TRP-specific or inter-TRP, K TRP# Condition #1: Based on the multipath power difference between the dominant multipath components. Condition #2: Based on the TRS resource application time for Doppler difference calculation, TRP-specific or between TRPs. Condition #3: Based on the difference in measurement time for Doppler difference calculation, TRP-specific or between TRPs. Condition #4: Based on the arrival time calculation for each TRP-specific TRS. Or Condition #5: Based on the reporting time offset.

[0057] Therefore, a new method for Doppler information reporting using default and fallback reporting modes is described. The default operating mode is used when all or the configured validity conditions are met, and the fallback operating mode is used when at least one of the configured validity conditions is not met.

[0058] In the default operating mode (when all or configured validity conditions are met), the UE110 reports the number of parameters related to Doppler shift / spread and / or one or more TRP-specific TRS used in the measurement, using a new CSI format.

[0059] In fallback operation mode (when at least one of the configured validity conditions is not met), the UE110 reports at least one of a set of fallback parameters, including the Doppler shift / spread value, Doppler reporting format indication, anchor resource set indication (if required), number of valid paths to measure, number of valid TRS resources used for measurement, aging validity indication for measurement, time difference between TRS resources, arrival time difference for each multipath, and anchor resource time difference with respect to slot timing.

[0060] First, the network uses a downlink control signaling framework (e.g., via RRC and / or physical layer and / or MAC level signaling) to configure the Doppler reference signal (e.g., TRS) or signal (e.g., SSB) resources, as well as their parameters, to be measured (or validated) at the UE. Then, the TRP transmits NZP-CSI-RS at the DL, and the UE performs the Doppler measurement requested by the network, along with the validity of the measurement. Once the UE has completed the calculation of the Doppler parameters, the UE reports the Doppler information along with the configured validity conditions.

[0061] The network consists of a UE with a predefined set of compliances for measuring Doppler parameters. Therefore, it is assumed that the network constitutes the following parameters:

[0062] The network sets up one or more TRS resource sets that act as "anchor" resources for calculating the Doppler difference.

[0063] The network is associated with each TRP-specific TRS resource being measured. TRP# It constitutes the strongest / dominant multipath component of each TRP-specific TRS resource. TRP# Calculate and select the strongest multipath component for each antenna port TRS resource. TRP# To determine the strongest multipath component, a power threshold is defined, or the relative power difference to the first detected multipath component is defined. The default assumption is that an equal number of multipath components are used for each TRP-specific TRS resource.

[0064] The network sets CSI / Doppler information related to the measurement time (or elapsed time) or measurement opportunity. Aging information is set by the network based on channel conditions and the time at which the measurement is expected to be applied in DL relative to the measurement time. The network sets valid aging conditions for the UE, e.g., P-sequence TRS transmission opportunities at which the UE performs the measurement and also provides a corresponding report. By doing this, the network can impose measurement restrictions on the UE so that the UE is forced to use a specific TRS measurement opportunity for a particular reporting instance. As a result, the gNB can ensure that these measurements are actually related to a specific time window and not measurements accumulated over an undefined period. This can be useful, for example, when several periodic TRS resources are set up and then supplemented by aperiodic TRS resources. A delay spread for each TRP-specific TRS resource may be set up by the network. In that case, the UE is expected to receive all multipaths of the TRS within the delay spread. A maximum reporting time is set by the network, during which UE110 must report Doppler information to gNB170. The maximum propagation delay for each TRP-specific TRS is set by the network. The UE is expected to receive the TRS within the range of the maximum propagation delay.

[0065] By introducing validity conditions for measurement, the quality of Doppler parameter measurements can be guaranteed, and ambiguity on the gNB side regarding how measurements are performed on the UE side can be avoided. For example, condition #1, which ensures that all of the configured K dominant multipath components exceed a certain power threshold or power offset for anchor TRS resources (to distinguish them from the thermal noise floor) at a certain level for network use (e.g., for network-side Doppler parameter prediction and indication to the UE), can ensure the quality of Doppler parameter measurements and avoid ambiguity on the gNB side regarding how measurements are performed on the UE side. Additionally, by introducing condition #2, a Doppler parameter measurement limit is imposed on the UE so that the UE measures and calculates over P consecutive TRS transmission opportunities. Without this limit, ambiguity remains about the network regarding which TRS resources the UE calculated the Doppler parameters from. The network, such as RAN node 170 or network element 190, may configure a Doppler (phase / frequency / time) parameter reporting format, e.g., a format for reporting one or more Doppler parameters. The TRP-specific Doppler parameter is obtained from each TRP-specific TRS resource. TRP# This may include the actual Doppler shift values ​​of the dominant paths or, in particular, the relative (differentially encoded) Doppler shift values ​​with respect to the dominant path TRP. The Doppler parameters between TRPs are the K between the reference TRP resource and the anchor TRP resource. TRP#It may include the Doppler shift difference between individual dominant paths (the difference may also be differentially encoded). The phase value specific to the TRP may include the actual phase value that can be calculated for one or more dominant paths of each TRS. The t-phase value between TRPs may include the phase difference between the TRS resources specific to the TRP, which can be calculated for the dominant multipath component of each TRP resource. The time parameter specific to the TRP may include the actual arrival time of one or more dominant path components of the TRS resource, and the time difference for a specific multipath can be calculated within the TRS and for each TRS resource specific to the TRP. The time parameter between TRPs may include the time difference between multipath components, which can be calculated based on the TRS resource specific to the anchor TRP.

[0066] When receiving a Doppler configuration frame from a network (associated with a TRP), the UE can appropriately perform Doppler measurements along with the validity conditions for the received DL NZP-CSI-RS signals from each of the TRPs. The Doppler measurements and validity conditions of the UE are defined as follows.

[0067] The validity of Doppler parameter measurements and reporting specific to the TRP and between TRPs is defined as follows (for one or more Doppler parameters).

[0068] The Doppler parameter can be defined either as the Doppler shift specific to the multipath or as the Doppler shift difference specific to the multipath between the "anchor" TRP and the resources associated with another TRP (sharing the same or different physical cell ID (PCI)). In the case of a multipath scenario, the Doppler information can also be reported in the form of a Doppler spectrum. In this regard, the UE110 calculates the Doppler spectrum with a given bandwidth and frequency resolution. The validity of the Doppler parameter measurement can be defined by using at least one of the following conditions (conditions #1 to 5).

[0069] Condition #1, K TRP#The inter-TRP multipath power difference (UE) between the dominant multipaths is calculated according to the associated reference signal received power (RSRP) associated with the TRP-specific TRS resource. TRP# Determine the dominant multipath components and order / rank them (in descending order) in particular for TRPs. To define the validity of condition #1, the K for each TRP. TRP# All of the dominant multipath components must exceed a configured power threshold [dBm / dB], which can be set by a RAN node 170 or a network having one or more network elements 190, etc. In an alternative embodiment, the UE sets the configured power threshold (K UE ≤K TRP# ) exceeding K UE It is possible to select (≧1) dominant components. Otherwise, the validity of condition #1 is not valid. An alternative approach is to define the validity of condition #1 by the K of each TRP. TRP# All of the dominant multipath components are at maximum D relative to the first (most dominant) multipath component of the anchor TRP. power-offset-max [dB] The power offset must be within the specified range. In an alternative embodiment, the UE has a configured power threshold (K) for the anchor. UE ≤K TRP# ) vs D power-offset-max [dB] Power offset, K UE It is possible to select (≧1) dominant components. Otherwise, the validity of condition #1 is not valid. When condition #1 is valid, the UE determines the Doppler shift associated with each path, as well as the corresponding Doppler difference between the anchor resource and the reference resource associated with the TRP. Similarly, the coherent phase of each dominant path in the TRS or the coherent phase difference between the TRS is calculated.

[0070] Condition #2: TRP-specific / TRS resource application time between TRPs for calculating the Doppler difference. The validity of Condition #2 is that the reception time difference between two different DL TRS resources is configured with a time offset D time-offsetFor example, this is defined when P-sequence TRS transmission opportunities are within a time range t. When validity between resources is maintained, the UE determines the corresponding Doppler parameter. Otherwise, the measurement is defined as invalid. One potential use case for this condition is when Doppler parameter measurements are performed between periodic / semi-persistent resources from different TRPs and / or between aperiodic resources from TRPs triggered by a single DCI or multiple DCIs.

[0071] Condition #3: TRP-specific / inter-TRP time difference calculation for verifying / reporting estimated time (or elapsed time) of CSI information. Validity condition #3 is defined when aging information is set. At least one of the TRS resources from all configured TRPs arrives within the aging time. In this case, UE110 uses only one TRS resource from each TRP to calculate the Doppler shift / spread. Otherwise, this condition is not valid. If UE110 receives multiple TRS resources associated with a single TRP within a predefined aging time, such as in the case of periodic TRS, UE may use multiple TRS resources from each TRP to more accurately estimate the Doppler parameters. The network may set the aging time interval, for example, as a set of M periods of TRS transmissions. Information measured thereafter is considered no longer coherent. Validity condition #3 also relates to the maximum delay spread of TRP-specific TRPs. The condition is valid if UE110 receives all multipath signals (below a certain power threshold) within the delay spread; otherwise, the condition is not valid.

[0072] Condition #4, UE110 checks the arrival times of one or more dominant paths for each TRP-specific TRS. If the dominant path of a TRP-specific TRS arrives after the maximum propagation delay or delay spread, the TRS is not valid. In some cases, longer propagation delays due to inter-symbol interference are not permitted.

[0073] Condition #5: The UE tracks reporting time. This condition is not valid if UE110 is unable to send the report within the reporting time. This may occur if the UE did not receive all TRSs or if UE110 does not have available resources on the uplink to send the report.

[0074] After completing the Doppler measurement, the UE uses the following reporting method to report the Doppler measurement, along with the validity conditions, to the network (related to TRP).

[0075] The method for reporting Doppler information using the default operating mode is defined as follows:

[0076] Default operating mode and associated reporting format: (If all configured validity conditions are met). The CSI report includes one of the following options with corresponding elements: Option A: Non-differential reporting with L-bit quantized Doppler value and validity bit = 1; Option B: Differential reporting with L-bit quantized Doppler difference value and validity bit = 1. The report includes some of the TRP-specific TRS resources used for the measurement. Fallback operating mode and associated reporting format: (If at least one of the validity conditions is not met), including Case 1 or Case 2.

[0077] Case 1: UE110 may report by adding validity conditions to each measurement. Doppler shift or Doppler difference is reported. Whether the anchor TRS resource is valid or not may be reported. If the anchor node is selected differently, an indication of the anchor TRS resource may be reported. A validity bit may be reported for each pass measurement. A validity bit may be reported for each measured Doppler difference. A validity bit for application time may be reported. A validity bit for aging information may be reported. Several indications of TRP-specific TRS resources used in the measurement may be reported. Alternatively, to reduce reporting overhead, the report may include only one validity bit to indicate whether all measurements are valid or not. In an alternative approach, a bit vector of length Q (=number of measurements) is defined to indicate whether a measurement is valid (=1) or not (=0). In Case 1, a network such as RAN node 170 or one or more network elements 190 may derive the number of TRPs involved in the measurement from the validity bit.

[0078] Case 2: The UE110 may report parameters by encoding effectiveness information about the measurement. The effectiveness of Doppler difference or Doppler shift measurements may be reported. The number of effective paths measured may be reported. An indication of the number of TRP-specific TRS resources used for the measurement may be reported, which may be used for aging information while the network applies DL compensation. An indication of the number of TRPs involved in the measurement may be reported, which may be used only for these TRPs for CJT. An indication of effectiveness regarding application time may be reported.

[0079] In addition, the UE110 may also reuse existing beam management CSI reports by adding validity bits or other bits for each measurement, or the UE110 may use the reporting methods described herein based on validity conditions.

[0080] If the configured validity conditions are not met on the UE side, a fallback behavior is defined. The fallback behavior may provide an indication of whether one or more measurements are valid (if one or more measurements are invalid). This can be done by reserving some additional payload bits for each validity indication of the configured measurements (i.e., 0 = invalid, or 1 = valid), or by determining some values ​​(e.g., some maximum / minimum values) that implicitly indicate whether a measurement is valid or invalid (allowing the use of a single reporting format for reporting valid and invalid measurements).

[0081] Figure 5 shows an example / method for Doppler information reporting for the Loss case. Assuming that UE110 is associated with TRP1 501, first, TRP1 501 sends a “Doppler Configuration” frame 510 to UE110, which contains the network parameters and conditions to be measured. Then, each TRP (501, 502, 503) sends a TRS using its assigned resources. UE110 receives TRS from different TRPs at different frequency offsets based on the associated Doppler.

[0082] As shown in Figure 5, time F c In this case, TRP1 501 transmits TRS1 511 to UE110, and UE110 receives TRS1 511 at time F c +f D1 Received at time F. c In this case, TRP1 501 transmits TRS1 511 to UE110, and UE110 receives TRS1 511 at time F c +f D1 Received at time F.c In this case, TRP2 502 transmits TRS2 512 to UE110, and UE110 receives TRS2 512 at time F c +f D2 Received at time F. c In this case, TRP3 503 transmits TRS3 513 to UE110, and UE110 receives TRS3 513 at time F c +f D3 It will be received.

[0083] UE110 performs the operation instructed by the “Doppler configuration” frame transmitted in 510. In some cases, UE110 is instructed to perform Doppler differences between TRP1 501 and TRP2 502 on a single path, and between TRP1 501 and TRP3 503. In this case, UE110 is instructed to perform the difference of the received frequencies “f d1 -f d2 " and "f d1 -f d3 This information is calculated as (referring to 520 and 530 respectively) and this information, along with the validity of these measurements, is used at time F c +f UE In this case, the UE reporting frame 550 is used to send it to TRP1 501 (the relevant TRP) via the uplink. This information is shared between TRPs using the backhaul link, and the TRPs pre-compensate for the data as shown in Figure 5. For example, as shown in Figure 5, TRP1 501 uses the backhaul link 560 to send "f d1 -f d2 The calculation of (520) is shared with TRP2 502, and TRP1 501 uses backhaul link 570 to perform the calculation of "f d1 -f d3 The calculation of (530) is shared with TRP3.

[0084] Time F c In this process, TRP1 501 transmits PDSCH581 to UE110, and PDSCH581 receives a signal at time F c +f D1 Received by UE110 at time F. c +f D1 -fD2 In this case, TRP2 502 transmits PDSCH582 to UE110, and PDSCH582 receives time F c +f D1 Received by UE110 at time F. c +f D1 -f D3 In this case, TRP3 503 transmits PDSCH583 to UE110, and PDSCH583 receives time F c +f D1 It is received by UE110.

[0085] The Doppler parameter estimation and reporting method defined above has the following benefits and technical effects: The method reduces the UL SRS overhead used for Doppler measurements and provides enhanced CSI measurement reports for moving UEs. Doppler parameters become more accurate and reliable. Network efficiency is improved by utilizing Doppler information in any of the use cases described in [Tdoc No. R1-2203229 - “New WID: On CSI enhancements for Rel-18 NR MIMO evolution” R3]. Furthermore, the examples described herein may be relevant in the context of the Release 18 work item on downlink and uplink MIMO evolution.

[0086] Figure 6 shows an exemplary apparatus 600 configured to perform the examples described herein, which may be implemented in hardware. The apparatus 600 comprises at least one processor 602 (e.g., FPGA and / or CPU) and at least one memory 604 containing computer program code 605, wherein the at least one memory 604 and the computer program code 605 are configured to cause the apparatus 600 to perform circuits, processes, components, modules, or functions (collectively referred to as control 606) for performing the examples described herein, including advanced trust-based trajectory prediction, using at least one processor 602. The memory 604 may be non-temporary memory, temporary memory, volatile memory (e.g., RAM), or non-volatile memory (e.g., ROM).

[0087] The device 600 optionally includes a display and / or I / O interface 608 which can be used to display an aspect or state of the methods described herein (for example, as one of the methods being performed, or hereafter) or to receive input from a user, such as by using a keypad, camera, touchscreen, touch area, microphone, biometric recognition, one or more sensors, etc. The device 600 includes one or more communications, for example, a network (N / W) interface (I / F) 610. The communication I / F 610 may be wired and / or wireless and may communicate over the Internet / other networks by any communication technology. The communication I / F 610 may include one or more transmitters and one or more receivers. The communication I / F 610 may include standard known components such as amplifiers, filters, frequency converters, modulators (demodulators), and encoder / decoder circuits, as well as one or more antennas.

[0088] The device 600 for performing the functions of control 606 may be any of the TRPs shown in Figures 4 and 5, as well as UE 110, RAN node 170 (e.g., gNB), or network element 190. Thus, processor 602 may correspond to processor 120, processor 152, and / or processor 175; memory 604 may correspond to memory 125, memory 155, and / or memory 171; computer program code 605 may correspond to computer program code 123, module 140-1, module 140-2, and / or computer program code 153, module 150-1, module 150-2, and / or computer program code 173 or module 177; and communication I / F 610 may correspond to transceiver 130, antenna 128, transceiver 160, antenna 158, N / WI / F 161, and / or N / WI / F 180. Alternatively, for example, if device 600 is part of a self-organizing / optimized network (SON) node, such as in a cloud, device 600 may not correspond to UE110, RAN node 170, network element 190, or any of the TRPs shown in Figures 4 and 5.

[0089] The device 600 may also be distributed across the entire network (e.g., 100) including the device 600 and any network elements (such as the network control element (NCE) 190 and / or the RAN node 170 and / or the UE 110, and / or any of the TRPs shown in Figures 4 and 5).

[0090] Interface 612 enables data communication between various items of the device 600, as shown in Figure 6. For example, interface 612 may be one or more buses, such as an address bus, a data bus, or a control bus, and may include any interconnection mechanism, such as a series of wires on a motherboard or integrated circuit, optical fiber, or other optical communication equipment. Computer program code 605, including control 606, may include object-oriented software configured to pass data / messages between objects in the computer program code 605. The device 600 does not have to include each of the features described, or may include other features as well.

[0091] Figure 7 shows schematic diagrams of non-volatile memory media 700a (e.g., a computer disk (CD) or digital multipurpose disk (DVD)) and 700b (e.g., a universal serial bus (USB) memory stick) that store instructions and / or parameters 702 that, when executed by the processor, enable the processor to perform one or more of the steps of the method described above.

[0092] It should be noted that exemplary embodiments may be implemented as circuits in the form of software, hardware, application logic, or a combination of software, hardware, and application logic. In exemplary embodiments, the application logic, software, or instruction set is held on any computer-readable medium. In the context of this disclosure, “computer-readable medium” may be any medium or means that contains, stores, communicates, propagates, or transfers instructions for use by or associated with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a base station, TRP, network node, or user equipment, as described above.

[0093] Figure 8 shows an exemplary method 800. In 810, the method includes receiving a tracking reference signal configuration from a network, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition related to the at least one parameter to be measured. In 820, the method includes performing at least one measurement of at least one parameter using the configuration, wherein the at least one parameter is related to the tracking reference signal. In 830, the method includes determining whether at least one validity condition associated with the at least one measurement is valid. In 840, the method includes reporting to the network the at least one measurement of at least one parameter and the determination of whether at least one validity condition is valid. Method 800 may be performed on user equipment (e.g., UE110).

[0094] Figure 9 shows an exemplary method 900. In 910, the method includes transmitting a tracking reference signal configuration to a user device, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition related to the at least one parameter to be measured. In 920, the method includes receiving a report from the user device, which includes at least one measurement of the at least one parameter, at least one parameter related to the tracking reference signal, and a determination of whether at least one validity condition is valid. In 930, the method includes transmitting at least one measurement and a determination of whether at least one validity condition is valid to at least one transmit / receive point using a backhaul link. Method 900 may be performed at a network node (e.g., RAN node 170 or network element 190).

[0095] The following examples (1 to 25) are provided and described herein. [Examples]

[0096] Apparatus comprising: means for receiving a tracking reference signal configuration from a network, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition associated with the at least one parameter to be measured; means for performing at least one measurement of at least one parameter using the configuration, wherein at least one parameter is associated with the tracking reference signal; means for determining whether at least one validity condition associated with the at least one measurement is valid; and means for reporting to the network the at least one measurement of at least one parameter and the determination of whether at least one validity condition is valid. [Examples]

[0097] The apparatus according to Embodiment 1, wherein the configuration includes an indication of at least one resource, which includes an anchor resource used in Doppler information calculations, and the anchor resource is associated with an anchor transmit / receive point. [Examples]

[0098] The apparatus according to Embodiment 2, wherein the Doppler information calculation includes at least one of the following: multipath Doppler shift, multipath Doppler shift difference between an anchor resource associated with an anchor transmit / receive point and a resource associated with another transmit / receive point, Doppler frequency difference, relative signal time difference, or arrival time difference. [Examples]

[0099] The apparatus according to any one of Examples 1 to 3, wherein at least one parameter includes multi-pass Doppler information. [Examples]

[0100] The apparatus according to Example 4, wherein the Doppler information includes at least one of the following: multipath Doppler shift, multipath Doppler shift difference between an anchor resource associated with an anchor transmit / receive point and a resource associated with another transmit / receive point, Doppler frequency, Doppler spectrum, quantized Doppler value having some bits, or quantized Doppler difference value having some bits. [Examples]

[0101] The apparatus according to any one of Examples 1 to 5, wherein at least one validity condition is based on a multipath power difference between one or more dominant multipath components, either specific to or between transmit / receive points (TRPs). [Examples]

[0102] The apparatus according to any one of Examples 1 to 6, wherein at least one validity condition is based on the application time of a tracking reference signal resource for Doppler difference calculation, either specific to a transmit / receive point (TRP) or between TRPs. [Examples]

[0103] The apparatus according to any one of Examples 1 to 7, wherein at least one validity condition is based on a difference in measurement time for calculating the Doppler difference, either specific to or between transmission / reception points (TRPs). [Examples]

[0104] The apparatus according to any one of Examples 1 to 8, wherein at least one validity condition is based on the calculation of the arrival time of a tracking reference signal specific to the transmit / receive point (TRP). [Examples]

[0105] The apparatus according to any one of Examples 1 to 9, wherein at least one effectiveness condition is based on a reporting time offset. [Examples]

[0106] The apparatus according to any one of Examples 1 to 10, wherein reporting of the determination of whether at least one validity condition is valid includes a default mode for when at least one validity condition is valid. [Examples]

[0107] The apparatus according to any one of Examples 1 to 11, wherein reporting of the determination of whether at least one validity condition is valid includes a fallback mode for when at least one of the validity conditions is not valid. [Examples]

[0108] Apparatus comprising: means for transmitting a tracking reference signal configuration to user equipment, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition related to the at least one parameter to be measured; means for receiving a report from user equipment including a determination of whether at least one measurement of the at least one parameter, at least one parameter related to the tracking reference signal, and at least one validity condition are valid; and means for transmitting to at least one transmit / receive point, using a backhaul link, the determination of whether at least one measurement and at least one validity condition are valid. [Examples]

[0109] The apparatus according to Embodiment 13, wherein the configuration includes an indication of at least one resource, which includes an anchor resource used in Doppler information calculations, and the anchor resource is associated with an anchor transmit / receive point. [Examples]

[0110] The apparatus according to Example 14, wherein the Doppler information calculation includes at least one of the following: multipath Doppler shift, multipath Doppler shift difference between an anchor resource associated with an anchor transmit / receive point and a resource associated with another transmit / receive point, Doppler frequency difference, relative signal time difference, or arrival time difference. [Examples]

[0111] The apparatus according to any one of Examples 13 to 15, wherein at least one parameter includes multi-pass Doppler information. [Examples]

[0112] The apparatus according to Example 16, wherein the Doppler information includes at least one of the following: multipath Doppler shift, multipath Doppler shift difference between an anchor resource associated with an anchor transmit / receive point and a resource associated with another transmit / receive point, Doppler frequency, Doppler spectrum, quantized Doppler value having some bits, or quantized Doppler difference value having some bits. [Examples]

[0113] The apparatus according to any one of Examples 13 to 17, wherein at least one validity condition is based on at least one of the following: a multipath power difference between one or more dominant multipath components specific to or between transmit / receive points (TRPs), a tracking reference signal resource application time for Doppler difference calculation specific to or between TRPs, a difference in measurement time for Doppler difference calculation specific to or between TRPs, a TRP-specific tracking reference signal arrival time calculation, or a reporting time offset. [Examples]

[0114] The apparatus according to any one of Examples 13 to 18, wherein reporting of the determination of whether at least one validity condition is valid includes a default mode and a fallback mode, the default mode being for when at least one of the validity conditions is valid and the fallback mode being for when at least one of the at least one validity condition is not valid. [Examples]

[0115] An apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory containing computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the apparatus to use at least one processor to perform at least: receive a tracking reference signal configuration from a network, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition associated with the at least one parameter to be measured; use the configuration to perform at least one measurement of the at least one parameter, wherein the at least one parameter is associated with the tracking reference signal; determine whether the at least one validity condition associated with the at least one measurement is valid; and report to the network the at least one measurement of the at least one parameter and the determination of whether the at least one validity condition is valid. [Examples]

[0116] An apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory containing computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the apparatus to, using at least one processor, transmit a tracking reference signal configuration to a user device, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition related to the at least one parameter to be measured; receive a report from the user device including a determination of whether at least one measurement of the at least one parameter, at least one parameter related to the tracking reference signal, and at least one validity condition are valid; and transmit to at least one transmit / receive point, using a backhaul link, the determination of whether at least one measurement and at least one validity condition are valid. [Examples]

[0117] A machine-readable non-temporary program storage device that tangibly embodies a program of machine-executable instructions for performing an operation, the operation comprising: receiving a tracking reference signal configuration from a network, the configuration comprising at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition associated with the at least one parameter to be measured; performing at least one measurement of the at least one parameter, the at least one parameter being associated with the tracking reference signal; determining whether at least one validity condition associated with the at least one measurement is valid; and reporting to the network the at least one measurement of the at least one parameter and the determination of whether at least one validity condition is valid. [Examples]

[0118] A machine-readable non-temporary program storage device that tangibly embodies a program of machine-executable instructions for performing an operation, wherein the operation is to transmit a tracking reference signal configuration to a user device, the configuration comprising at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition related to the at least one parameter to be measured; to receive a report from the user device comprising a determination of whether at least one measurement of the at least one parameter, at least one parameter related to the tracking reference signal, and at least one validity condition are valid; and to transmit to at least one transmit / receive point, using a backhaul link, the determination of whether at least one measurement and at least one validity condition are valid. [Examples]

[0119] A method comprising: receiving a tracking reference signal configuration from a network, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition associated with the at least one parameter to be measured; performing at least one measurement of at least one parameter using the configuration, wherein the at least one parameter is associated with a tracking reference signal; determining whether at least one validity condition associated with the at least one measurement is valid; and reporting to the network the at least one measurement of at least one parameter and the determination of whether at least one validity condition is valid. [Examples]

[0120] The method according to Example 24, wherein the configuration includes an indication of at least one resource containing an anchor resource used in Doppler information calculations, and the anchor resource is associated with an anchor transmit / receive point. [Examples]

[0121] The method according to Example 25, wherein the Doppler information calculation includes at least one of the following: multipath Doppler shift, multipath Doppler shift difference between an anchor resource associated with an anchor transmit / receive point and a resource associated with another transmit / receive point, Doppler frequency difference, relative signal time difference, or arrival time difference. [Examples]

[0122] The method according to any one of Examples 24 to 26, wherein at least one parameter includes multi-pass Doppler information. [Examples]

[0123] The method according to Example 27, wherein the Doppler information includes at least one of the following: multipath Doppler shift, multipath Doppler shift difference between an anchor resource associated with an anchor transmit / receive point and a resource associated with another transmit / receive point, Doppler frequency, Doppler spectrum, quantized Doppler value having some bits, or quantized Doppler difference value having some bits. [Examples]

[0124] The method according to any one of Examples 24 to 28, wherein at least one validity condition is based on a multipath power difference between one or more dominant multipath components, specific to or between transmit / receive points (TRPs). [Examples]

[0125] The method according to any one of Examples 24 to 29, wherein at least one validity condition is based on the tracking reference signal resource application time for Doppler difference calculation, either specific to or between transmit / receive points (TRPs). [Examples]

[0126] The method according to any one of Examples 24 to 30, wherein at least one validity condition is based on a difference in measurement time for Doppler difference calculation, which is specific to or between TRPs. [Examples]

[0127] The method according to any one of Examples 24 to 31, wherein at least one validity condition is based on the calculation of the arrival time of a tracking reference signal specific to the transmit / receive point (TRP). [Examples]

[0128] The method according to any one of Examples 24 to 32, wherein at least one validity condition is based on a reporting time offset. [Examples]

[0129] The method according to any one of Examples 24 to 33, wherein reporting of the determination of whether at least one validity condition is valid includes a default mode for when at least one validity condition is valid. [Examples]

[0130] The method according to any one of Examples 24 to 34, wherein reporting of the determination of whether at least one validity condition is valid includes a fallback mode for when at least one of the validity conditions is not valid. [Examples]

[0131] A method comprising: transmitting a tracking reference signal configuration to a user device, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition related to the at least one parameter to be measured; receiving a report from the user device including a determination of whether at least one measurement of the at least one parameter, at least one parameter related to the tracking reference signal, and at least one validity condition are valid; and transmitting to at least one transmit / receive point, using a backhaul link, the determination of whether at least one measurement and at least one validity condition are valid. [Examples]

[0132] The method according to Embodiment 36, wherein the configuration includes an indication of at least one resource containing an anchor resource used in Doppler information calculations, and the anchor resource is associated with an anchor transmit / receive point. [Examples]

[0133] The method according to Example 37, wherein the Doppler information calculation includes at least one of the following: multipath Doppler shift, multipath Doppler shift difference between an anchor resource associated with an anchor transmit / receive point and a resource associated with another transmit / receive point, Doppler frequency difference, relative signal time difference, or arrival time difference. [Examples]

[0134] The method according to any one of Examples 36 to 38, wherein at least one parameter includes multi-pass Doppler information. [Examples]

[0135] The method according to Example 39, wherein the Doppler information includes at least one of the following: multipath Doppler shift, multipath Doppler shift difference between an anchor resource associated with an anchor transmit / receive point and a resource associated with another transmit / receive point, Doppler frequency, Doppler spectrum, quantized Doppler value having some bits, or quantized Doppler difference value having some bits. [Examples]

[0136] The method according to any one of Examples 36 to 40, wherein at least one validity condition is based on at least one of the following: a multipath power difference between one or more dominant multipath components specific to or between transmit / receive points (TRPs), a tracking reference signal resource application time for Doppler difference calculation specific to or between TRPs, a measurement time difference for Doppler difference calculation specific to or between TRPs, a TRP-specific tracking reference signal arrival time calculation, or a reporting time offset. [Examples]

[0137] The method according to any one of Examples 36 to 41, wherein reporting of the determination of whether at least one validity condition is valid includes a default mode and a fallback mode, the default mode being for when at least one of the at least one validity condition is not valid.

[0138] References to "computer," "processor," etc., should be understood to include not only computers with different architectures such as single / multiprocessor architectures and sequential or parallel architectures, but also specialized circuits such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), signal processing devices, and other processing circuits. References to computer programs, instructions, code, etc., should be understood to include software for programmable processors or firmware, such as programmable content for hardware devices, whether it is instructions for a processor or configuration settings for fixed-function devices, gate arrays, or programmable logic devices.

[0139] The memories described herein may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, flash memory, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, non-temporary memory, temporary memory, fixed memory, and removable memory. The memory may include a database for storing data.

[0140] As used herein, the term “circuit” may also mean: (a) hardware circuit embodiments, such as analog and / or digital circuit embodiments; (b) combinations of circuit and software (and / or firmware), such as (i) a combination of processors or (ii) a part of processor / software, including digital signal processors, software, and memory that work together to cause the device to perform various functions; and (c) a circuit, such as a microprocessor or part of a microprocessor, which requires software or firmware for operation even if the software or firmware is not physically present. As a further example, as used herein, the term “circuit” also encompasses a mere processor (or multiple processors), or a part of a processor, and embodiments of its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term “circuit” also encompasses, for example and as applicable to a particular element, a baseband integrated circuit or application processor integrated circuit for a mobile phone, or a similar integrated circuit in a server, cellular network device, or another network device.

[0141] In the diagram, the arrows between individual blocks represent the operational connections between them and the direction of data flow related to those connections.

[0142] It should be understood that the above description is merely illustrative. Various alternatives and modifications may be devised by those skilled in the art. For example, the features enumerated in various dependent claims may be combined with each other in any suitable combination. In addition, features from the different exemplary embodiments described above may be selectively combined into new exemplary embodiments. Therefore, this description is intended to encompass all such alternatives, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the attached claims.

[0143] The following acronyms and abbreviations found in the specification and / or drawings are defined as follows (abbreviations and acronyms may be prefixed to each other or to other characters, for example, using dashes or hyphens): 4G (4th generation) 5G (5th generation) 5GC 5G Core Network AI artificial intelligence AMF access and mobility management functions AP aperiodic ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) BW Bandwidth CJT Coherent Joint Transmission CoMP (Cooperative Multipoint) CP cyclic prefix CP-OFDM cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing CPU (Central Processing Unit) CSI Channel Status Information CU (Central Unit) or Centralized Unit DCI Downlink Control Information DL Downlink DMRS or DM-RS demodulated reference signal DSP (Digital Signal Processor) DU Distributed Unit eNB (e.g., LTE base station) EN-DC E-UTRAN New Wireless Dual Connectivity A node that provides protocol termination for the NR user plane and control plane to the en-gNB UE and functions as a secondary node in EN-DC. E-UTRA, an advanced universal terrestrial wireless access technology, is equivalent to LTE wireless access technology. E-UTRAN E-UTRA Network Interface between F1 CU and DU FDD Frequency Division Duplexing FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array FR frequency range gNB is a base station for 5G / NR, i.e., a node that provides protocol termination for the NR user plane and control plane to the UE and is connected to the 5GC via the NG interface. HST high speed train IAB Integrated Access Backhaul ID identifier I / F Interface JT Joint Transmission I / O Input / Output L-bit (L-bit count) LMF location management function LoS line of sight LTE Long-Term Evolution (4G) MAC Media Access Control max maximum MCS Modulation and Encoding Scheme M-IDFT: Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform of size M MIMO multiple input multiple output ML (Machine Learning) MME Mobility Management Entity MRO Mobility Robustness Optimization mTRP Multiple TRP MU Multi-user NCE Network Control Element NCJT or NC-JT Non-Coherent Joint Transmission ng or NG New generation ng-eNB New generation eNB NG-RAN (Next Generation Wireless Access Network) NR New Radio (5G) Network NZP (Non-Zero Power) OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) P is, for example, the number of consecutive TRS transmission opportunities. PCI Physical Cell Identifier PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel PHY physical layer PRB (Physical Resource Block) pre-comp advance compensation PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel P / SP Periodic or semi-permanent Q bit vector length QCL pseudo-collocation R1 Wireless Layer 1 RAM (Random Access Memory) RAN (Radio Access Network) Rel- Release RIC RAN Intelligent Controller RLC Wireless Link Control ROM (Read-only memory) RP RAN Meeting RRC (Radio Resource Control Protocol) RRH Remote Wireless Headset RS reference signal RSRP Reference Signal Received Power RU Wireless Unit Rx or RX receiver or receiver SDAP Service Data Adaptive Protocol SFN Single Frequency Network SGW Serving Gateway SINR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) SMF session management function SON Self-Organizing / Optimizing Network SP Semi-permanent SRS Sounding Reference Signal SSB Synchronization Signal Block sTRP Single TRP TCI Transmit Configuration Indication TDD Time Division Duplex Tdoc Technical Documents TRP Send / Receive Point TRS or TRS tracking reference signal TS Technical Specifications Tx or TX transmitter or transmitter Traditional dual codebook structure for Type I CSI feedback Feedback targeting high-resolution CSI acquisition for Type II multi-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) operation. UAV unmanned aerial vehicle UE User devices (e.g., wireless, typically mobile devices) UL Uplink UPF User Plane Functionality URLLC (Ultra-High Reliability, Low Latency Communication) WID Work Item Description Network interfaces between X2 RAN nodes and between the RAN and the core network. Network interface between Xn NG-RAN nodes

Claims

1. It is a device, Means for receiving a tracking reference signal configuration from a network, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition related to the at least one parameter to be measured. A means for performing at least one measurement of at least one parameter using a configuration, wherein at least one parameter includes Doppler information related to a transmit / receive point-specific (TRP) or tracking reference signal between TRPs, Means for determining whether at least one validity condition associated with at least one measurement is valid, Means for reporting to a network the results of measuring at least one parameter and determining whether at least one validity condition is valid, A device that is equipped with the following.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the configuration includes an indication of at least one resource, which includes an anchor resource used in Doppler information calculations, and the anchor resource is associated with an anchor transmit / receive point.

3. Doppler information computation, Multipath Doppler shift, The multipath Doppler shift difference between the anchor resource associated with an anchor transmit / receive point and the resource associated with another transmit / receive point. Doppler frequency difference, Relative signal time difference, or Arrival time difference, The apparatus according to claim 2, comprising at least one of the following.

4. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one parameter includes multipath Doppler information.

5. Multipath Doppler information, Multipath Doppler shift, The multipath Doppler shift difference between the anchor resource associated with an anchor transmit / receive point and the resource associated with another transmit / receive point. Doppler frequency, Doppler spectrum, A quantized Doppler value having several bits, or Quantized Doppler difference with several bits, The apparatus according to claim 4, comprising at least one of the following.

6. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one validity condition is based on a multipath power difference between several dominant multipath components, either specific to a transmit / receive point (TRP) or between TRPs.

7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one validity condition is based on the application time of a tracking reference signal resource for Doppler difference calculation, which is specific to or between transmit / receive points (TRPs).

8. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one validity condition is based on a difference in measurement time for calculating the Doppler difference, which is specific to or between TRPs.

9. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one validity condition is based on the calculation of the arrival time of a tracking reference signal specific to the transmit / receive point (TRP).

10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one effectiveness condition is based on a reporting time offset.

11. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein reporting of the determination of whether at least one validity condition is valid includes a default mode for when at least one validity condition is valid.

12. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein reporting of the determination of whether at least one validity condition is valid includes a fallback mode for when at least one of the at least one validity condition is not valid.

13. It is a device, Means for transmitting a tracking reference signal configuration to user equipment, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition related to the at least one parameter to be measured. Means for receiving a report from user equipment, including at least one measurement of at least one parameter including Doppler information specific to the transmit / receive point (TRP) or related to a tracking reference signal between TRPs, and a determination result of whether at least one validity condition is valid. Means for transmitting, using a backhaul link, at least one transmission / reception point, at least one measurement and a determination result of whether at least one validity condition is valid, A device that is equipped with the following.

14. It is a method, Receiving a tracking reference signal configuration from a network, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition related to the at least one parameter to be measured. Using the configuration, perform at least one measurement of at least one parameter, wherein at least one parameter includes Doppler information related to a transmit / receive point-specific (TRP) or tracking reference signal between TRPs, To determine whether at least one validity condition associated with at least one measurement is valid, Report to the network the results of measuring at least one parameter and determining whether at least one validity condition is valid. Methods that include...

15. It is a method, Transmitting a tracking reference signal configuration to user equipment, wherein the configuration includes at least one parameter to be measured and at least one validity condition related to the at least one parameter to be measured. The system receives a report from the user equipment that includes at least one measurement of at least one parameter, including Doppler information specific to the transmit / receive point (TRP) or related to a tracking reference signal between TRPs, and a determination result of whether at least one validity condition is valid. To transmit at least one measurement and the result of determining whether at least one validity condition is valid to at least one transmit / receive point using a backhaul link, Methods that include...

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