Interior structures and buildings

Abstract

To provide an interior structural body that can reduce environmental load as much as possible and has excellent heating functionality.SOLUTION: An interior structural body 10 comprises: an interior finishing material 11 containing diatomaceous earth, emitting far-infrared rays with a wavelength of 4 μm to 20 μm, and having a far-infrared emissivity of 95% or more; and a planar heating element 13 including carbon fiber and Japanese paper, etc. as components, emitting far-infrared rays with a wavelength of 4 μm to 20 μm and having a planar heating material with far-infrared emissivity of 95% or more covered with a covering material therearound. The interior finishing material 11 is provided above the planar heating element 13. The cross-correlation coefficient between a waveform of the far infrared rays emitted from the interior finishing material 11 and the planar heating element 13 and a waveform of a wavelength in a radiation energy distribution of an ideal blackbody at 6000 Kelvin is 90% or higher.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an interior structure used inside a building (structure) and a building using the interior structure.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, there is an indoor environment control system that is energy-efficient, has a small difference in temperature distribution in the vertical direction indoors, and does not cause problems due to air flow hitting the skin. That is, this indoor environment control system includes an indoor surface component (such as building materials forming wall surfaces and ceiling surfaces) made of a material containing a far-infrared radiation substance that emits and absorbs far-infrared rays and has a far-infrared radiation rate of 0.6 or more, and a cooling and / or heating source having a cooling and / or heating surface made of a material containing the same far-infrared radiation substance as the far-infrared radiation substance of the indoor surface component. When the cooling surface of the cooling source is cooled, the far-infrared radiation substance on the cooling surface absorbs the far-infrared rays emitted by the far-infrared radiation substance of the indoor surface component, and / or when the heating surface of the heating source is heated, the far-infrared radiation substance on the heating surface emits far-infrared rays that are absorbed by the far-infrared radiation substance of the indoor surface component. And, as the indoor surface component (hereinafter referred to as "conventional indoor surface component") of the above indoor environment control system, a floor surface composed of, in order from the upper layer, a stone floor panel, a metal foil sheet, a heating layer using an electric heater, a heat insulating material, and a base structure is exemplified (Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Conventional interior surface components have achieved a certain degree of effectiveness in maintaining a good indoor environment. However, conventional floor surfaces, which are often exemplified as interior surface components, utilize electric heaters, which have the problem of not always achieving the expected increase in indoor temperature. Therefore, in the face of the demand for reducing environmental impact, there is a need to develop interior structural components that improve heating efficiency while minimizing the use of electricity, fossil fuels, etc.

[0005] This invention was made to solve the above problems, and aims to provide an interior structure that can reduce environmental impact as much as possible and has excellent heating function, as well as a building using said interior structure. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The interior structure invented to achieve the above objective (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "this interior structure") contains porous inorganic minerals (diatomaceous earth, silica black, etc.), emits far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 4 μm to 20 μm, and has a far-infrared emissivity of 95% or more (more preferably 98% or more). The above far-infrared rays are transmitted An interior structure comprising an interior finishing material, a planar heating element comprising carbon fiber and Japanese paper or nonwoven fabric as constituent materials, which emits far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 4 μm to 20 μm and has a far-infrared emissivity of 95% or more (more preferably 98% or more), with the periphery of the planar heating element covered with a covering material, wherein the interior finishing material is provided above the planar heating element, and the cross-correlation coefficient between the waveform of the far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 4 μm to 20 μm emitted from the composite of the interior finishing material and the planar heating element and the waveform of the 4 μm to 20 μm wavelength in the energy distribution of thermal radiation (blackbody radiation) of an ideal blackbody at 6000 Kelvin (hereinafter referred to as "thermal radiation energy distribution") is 90% or more (more preferably 95% or more). Furthermore, the emitted far-infrared rays produce a resonance phenomenon with the far-infrared rays emitted by the human body. Its defining characteristic is that it does so.

[0007] Here, an ideal black body (perfect radiator) is an ideal, non-existent object that can completely absorb electromagnetic waves incident from the outside across all wavelengths and radiate heat. The thermal radiation energy distribution of this ideal black body (radiation intensity B(l) for wavelength(l) of the ideal black body at temperature T) is given by the Planck distribution in Equation 1. B(l)=(2hc 2 / l 5 )(1 / (e hc / lkT -1)) (Formula 1) T: Temperature (Kelvin) h: Planck constant k: Boltzmann constant c: speed of light Figure 1 shows the thermal radiation energy distribution of an ideal blackbody at 6000 K (Kelvin), which corresponds to the surface temperature of the sun as shown in Equation 1 above (dotted line in the figure).

[0008] Furthermore, far-infrared emissivity is a physical quantity that represents the intensity of thermal radiation emitted by a substance. It expresses the ease of radiation from an ordinary substance on a scale of 0% to 100%, with thermal radiation from an ideal black body being set at 100% (the closer the far-infrared emissivity is to 100%, the higher the intensity of thermal radiation).

[0009] Furthermore, interior structural elements refer to structural members that can be used as building materials, such as wall materials, floor materials, ceiling materials, and other building materials, and are not limited to specific construction locations.

[0010] Furthermore, interior finishing materials are surface materials used in the interior of a building, which are directly visible to the user. The above-mentioned interior finishing materials must have a far-infrared emissivity of 95% (more preferably 98% or higher) and must contain diatomaceous earth, a type of porous inorganic mineral, as a constituent material, but the type is not limited to hardened building materials (building structural materials), wallpaper, paint (plastered walls), ceramic products (tiles), etc. However, since thinner materials can transmit more far-infrared rays, a thickness of 2 mm or less is particularly preferable, and a structure with a painted surface (plastered wall) is optimal.

[0011] Furthermore, a planar heating element is a sheet-like heating element that generates heat by passing electricity through a thin layer of heat-generating material, and the heat-generating material has a far-infrared emissivity of 95% or more. It also contains at least one of conductive carbon fiber, Japanese paper, or nonwoven fabric as a constituent material, and its shape, dimensions, detailed structure, etc., are not specified.

[0012] The planar heating element described above is a heater material comprising: a heating section in which conductive short carbon fibers (conductive carbon) are uniformly dispersed in a non-conductive structural member such as Japanese paper or a nonwoven fabric with the longitudinal direction aligned to give it conductivity; a conductive land section in which a conductive liquid is impregnated into a part of the structural member in which the conductive short carbon fibers are dispersed; an electrode section electrically coupled to and arranged in the conductive land section; and a power supply section that supplies power to the heating section via the electrode section. Preferably, the heating section is bent into a substantially cylindrical shape so that the direction of the conductive short carbon fibers is axial.

[0013] Furthermore, in this interior structure, an interior base material or interior undercoat material containing carbon fiber may be interposed between the interior finishing material and the planar heating element.

[0014] Here, interior base materials are components used to install interior finishing materials that cover floors, walls, or ceilings. Furthermore, interior primer is a material applied to the back surface of interior finishing materials. Furthermore, interior substrate materials and interior primers must contain carbon (such as short-fiber carbon). Since carbon has the property of emitting far-infrared rays, a higher carbon content is preferable in order to increase the far-infrared emissivity.

[0015] Furthermore, in this interior structure, an insulating material containing synthetic resin foam may be provided on the lower surface of the planar heating element, and it is particularly preferable that a synthetic resin foam (insulating material) containing carbon (such as short-fiber carbon) is provided.

[0016] The synthetic resin foam (foamed plastic) is a synthetic resin with pores containing air bubbles, regardless of its type such as polyurethane (PUR), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP). In addition, since carbon has the property of emitting far-infrared rays, it is preferable to have a higher content in order to increase the far-infrared emissivity.

[0017] This interior structure emits far-infrared rays in the wavelength band of 4 μm to 20 μm, which is the growth curve described later (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "far-infrared rays in the growth light wavelength band"), from the planar heating element and the interior finishing material. In addition, far-infrared rays in the growth light wavelength band are also emitted from at least a part of the interior base material (interior undercoat material) and the heat insulating material containing carbon. Therefore, the wavelengths of a plurality of far-infrared rays in the growth light wavelength band generated from each component of the interior structure and the far-infrared rays radiated by the human body described later overlap with each other, and a resonance phenomenon (vibration contraction) occurs. Then, the molecular motion is amplified and becomes active, and self-heating occurs, thereby activating the cell activity and promoting blood flow and metabolism. Thus, according to this interior structure, the heating function of the room can be effectively exerted by the heat radiation action of far-infrared rays.

[0018] Furthermore, the present invention is a building (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "this building") characterized by including at least a part of the above interior structure in the housing. The structure and use of this building are not limited. The location where the interior structure is used can be any location such as an inner wall, a ceiling, or a floor surface. However, since far-infrared rays are not blocked, it is more preferable to install it on the ceiling. In addition, including the interior structure in the form of a panel or the like and hanging it on the wall surface, suspending it from a duct rail, etc. are also included. Furthermore, naturally, the more locations where it is used, the more the effects of the interior structure are exerted, which is preferable.

Effects of the Invention

[0019] According to the present invention, it is possible to realize radiant heat heating that does not warm air or the like, rather than conduction and convection. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the environmental load as much as possible, and to provide an interior structure excellent in heating function and a building using the interior structure.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] [Figure 1] It is a graph showing the thermal radiation energy distribution of an ideal blackbody (6000K) and the interior structure of the present invention (X-axis: wavelength (l), Y-axis: radiation intensity). [Figure 2] (a) is a cross-sectional view of a building using the interior structure of the present invention, and (b) is an enlarged view of part X in FIG. 2(a). [Figure 3] It is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of the indoor temperature measurement test. [Figure 4] It is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of the surface temperature measurement test.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0021] Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and design changes can be appropriately made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In the description based on the drawings, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.

[0022] As an embodiment of the present invention, the general structure of the present interior structure 10 will be described below. However, this building (not shown in its entirety) is a structure that uses the present interior structure 10 for at least a part of the inner wall surface, ceiling, and floor surface (in this embodiment, the present interior structure 10 is used only for the ceiling). This building is a general structure in which the present interior structure 10 is provided on the base structure 5, and since the structure itself does not have any particular features, the details of its structure and usage location will be omitted.

[0023] Furthermore, it is preferable from the standpoint of far-infrared radiation performance to use naturally derived materials for structural materials other than the interior structural frame 10 (for example, using solid wood for the flooring material 7). Also, from the standpoint of far-infrared radiation performance, it is preferable to use the same materials for the interior finishing material 11, which is a component of the interior structural frame 10, for the wall surface 6.

[0024] (1) Principle of this interior structure Among far-infrared rays (wavelengths from 4 μm to 1000 μm), wavelengths from 4 μm to 20 μm (preferably 6 μm to 14 μm) are known to be particularly effective for biological development, and these wavelengths are called growth rays. Growth rays impart kinetic energy to water molecules and other molecules within the human body, promoting collisions between molecules, which in turn generate heat. Furthermore, it has been revealed that humans have an average body temperature of 36.5°C and emit far-infrared radiation with wavelengths in the vicinity of approximately 10 μm.

[0025] On the other hand, under ideal conditions, resonance occurs between electromagnetic waves with identical or similar thermal radiation spectral and emissivity characteristics. Since the far-infrared radiation of the growth curve and the far-infrared radiation emitted by humans (hereinafter referred to as "human body far-infrared radiation") share some spectral components, resonance occurs when both far-infrared radiations are present, amplifying the effect of thermal radiation.

[0026] Based on the above premise, when growth rays are irradiated onto the human body, a resonance phenomenon occurs between the growth rays and the far-infrared radiation emitted by the human body. As a result, the amplitude of the growth rays is amplified, and strong kinetic energy acts on the human body, allowing for very efficient heat generation with minimal loss. In other words, the wavelengths of far-infrared radiation emitted from the human body and the wavelengths of the growth curve overlap, causing a resonance phenomenon. This amplifies and activates molecular motion within the body, generating self-heating, which in turn activates cellular activity and warms the body. Furthermore, this warming of the body promotes blood flow and metabolism, contributing to overall health.

[0027] Incidentally, the far-infrared radiation emitted by an ideal black body at 6000K (hereinafter referred to as "blackbody-emitting far-infrared radiation") contains a large amount of far-infrared radiation in the growth-promoting wavelength range (hereinafter, emitting far-infrared radiation in the growth-promoting wavelength range may be referred to as "emitting growth rays"). On the other hand, the interior finishing material 11, which includes diatomaceous earth and is used in this interior structure 10, emits far-infrared rays, which have a thermal radiation energy distribution (solid line in Figure 1) that approximates the thermal radiation energy distribution (dotted line in Figure 1) of an ideal black body. Therefore, it is inevitably able to emit a large amount of growth-promoting rays. This interior structure 10 utilizes its property of emitting growth rays, and based on the above principle, it is designed to provide a heating function for the room through the thermal radiation effect of the growth curve (far-infrared rays) and the resonance phenomenon between the growth curve and the far-infrared rays emitted by the human body.

[0028] Furthermore, the approximation between the waveforms of the far-infrared rays emitted by the composite of the interior finishing material 11 and the planar heating element 13 used in this structural material 10, at wavelengths of 4 μm to 20 μm, and the waveforms of the thermal radiation energy distribution of an ideal black body at wavelengths of 4 μm to 20 μm is ensured by the fact that the cross-correlation coefficient between the waveforms of the far-infrared rays emitted by the interior finishing material 11 and the planar heating element 13 at wavelengths of 4 μm to 20 μm and the waveforms of the thermal radiation energy distribution of an ideal black body at wavelengths of 4 μm to 20 μm is 90% or higher (more preferably 95% or higher).

[0029] (2) Configuration of the interior structure The interior structure 10 comprises an interior finishing material 11, an interior base material 12 (which may be an interior primer), a planar heating element 13, and an insulating material 14, all stacked in order from the interior space S side (upper side) where it is installed (Figure 2).

[0030] First, the interior structure 10 is characterized by combining an interior finishing material 11 and a planar heating element 13 (and furthermore, an interior base material 12) that emit far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 4 μm to 20 μm and have a far-infrared emissivity of 95% or more (more preferably 98% or more), and by using the constituent materials detailed below, it will have the above properties.

[0031] In this regard, the conventional interior surface component described above has a heating layer using a stone floor panel and an electric heater. However, regarding the stone floor panels and electric heating elements, no detailed explanation of the features of this interior structure was provided. The inventor, through trial and error, conducted experiments with various combinations of interior structures, heating elements, and (interior base materials, etc.) and found that the interior structure 10, which includes the above-mentioned interior finishing material 11 and the above-mentioned planar heating element 13 (and furthermore, the above-mentioned interior base material 12), and an insulating material 14 made of the carbon-containing synthetic resin foam described below, exhibits a remarkable heat radiation effect (see Examples).

[0032] (Interior finishing materials) The interior finishing material 11 must contain diatomaceous earth, and for example, the following building materials (structural building materials), wallpaper, paint, etc. can be used.

[0033] In other words, the building material is a building material composition containing powdered slaked lime, white cement, and powdered calcined white diatomaceous earth, wherein 100 parts by weight of the powdered slaked lime is blended with 80 to 90 parts by weight of the white cement and 50 to 60 parts by weight of the powdered calcined white diatomaceous earth, and 11 to 67 parts by weight of powdered clay material (preferably using sepiolite, bentonite, and zeolite), and as auxiliary agents, 6 to 7 parts by weight of powdered acrylic agent to promote adhesion to the substrate, 4 to 6 parts by weight of water-soluble nonionic cellulose ether as a water-retaining thickener, and 1 to 2 parts by weight of an antifoaming agent are preferably blended. Furthermore, it may also contain porous inorganic minerals such as naturally dried diatomaceous earth, red diatomaceous earth, zeolite, sepiolite, or Chinese loess.

[0034] Furthermore, the wallpaper (a moisture-regulating wallpaper in which adhesive is applied to the back side of a flexible backing paper) has a moisture-shielding layer which is a polycoat layer made of polyethylene resin that blocks moisture such as adhesive that passes through the backing paper, and a moisture-absorbing and releasing layer which is a pulp nonwoven fabric that can absorb and release moisture from the indoor space S side is laminated on the surface side of the moisture-shielding layer, and a coating layer which mainly consists of powdered calcined diatomaceous earth (powdered porous inorganic mineral) is applied on the surface side of the moisture-absorbing and releasing layer.

[0035] Furthermore, the paint is an aqueous paint having a thixotropic index of 3.0 to 4.0, with the fine powder composition being the main constituent material, which includes a fine powder thixotropy auxiliary agent containing a first agent and a second agent, which are mainly composed of a fine powder clay mineral containing pyrophyllite and sepiolite, and a first agent and a second agent, whose 2% by weight aqueous solution viscosities at 20°C are 2400 mPa·S to 4500 mPa·S and 64000 mPa·S to 90000 mPa·S, respectively, and a fine powder inorganic porous material containing diatomaceous earth and zeolite, and the fine powder composition being dispersed and dissolved in water, wherein the thixotropic index is 3.0 to 4.0, and it is preferable that the thixotropy auxiliary agent is blended in a ratio of 67% to 91% by weight for the first agent and 9% to 33% by weight for the second agent.

[0036] Furthermore, the clay mineral is composed of pyrophyllite at a ratio of 34% to 90% by weight and sepiolite at a ratio of 10% to 66% by weight, and the inorganic porous material is composed of diatomaceous earth at a ratio of 2% to 33% by weight and zeolite at a ratio of 67% to 98% by weight. In addition, per 1 part by weight of the clay mineral, it contains 0.02 to 0.10 parts by weight of a thixotropy auxiliaries and 1.0 to 3.0 parts by weight of the inorganic porous material. It is even more preferable to disperse and dissolve the mixture by adding 1.0 to 3.0 parts by weight of water per 1 part by weight of the fine powder composition.

[0037] (Interior base materials, etc.) Furthermore, the interior base material 12 (interior primer) contains carbon black, carbon fiber, and short carbon fibers such as carbon nanotubes (carbon chopped fiber, carbon milled fiber).

[0038] (Surface heating element) The planar heating element 13 has a structure in which the planar heating material is covered with a covering material. The planar heating material is a heater material comprising: a heating section in which carbon chopped fibers (conductive carbon) (approximately 3 mm to 6 mm in length) are uniformly dispersed in washi paper (non-conductive structural member) (or nonwoven fabric) with the longitudinal direction aligned to provide conductivity; a conductive land section in which a conductive liquid is impregnated into a part of the structural member in which the conductive carbon chopped fibers are dispersed; an electrode section electrically coupled to and positioned in the conductive land section; and a power supply section that supplies power to the heating section via the electrode section. Preferably, the heating section is bent into a substantially cylindrical shape so that the direction of the conductive carbon chopped fibers is axial. The power supply section is connected to a commercial power supply 15.

[0039] Furthermore, the covering material is preferably an insulator, and can be laminated using, for example, polyvinyl chloride or glass epoxy resin. It should be noted that it is not always necessary to cover the entire surface of the planar heating material. When electrodes are to be placed, it is possible to partially cover the material, for example, by not covering the area where the electrodes are to be placed with insulating material. In this embodiment, since Japanese paper is used for the planar heating element 13, waterproofing can be improved by covering it with a highly water-resistant insulator.

[0040] As described above, the conductive carbon chopped fibers of the planar heating element 13 are homogeneously dispersed within the washi paper. Since carbon emits far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 2.0 μm to 25 μm, it emits wavelengths that constitute growth rays, and furthermore, when combined with washi paper, it has the property of achieving a far-infrared emissivity of 95% or more.

[0041] (Insulation material) The thermal insulation material 14 is mainly composed of a synthetic resin made by impregnating polyurethane (PUR), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP) with air bubbles to create a porous structure, and contains short carbon fibers such as carbon black, carbon fiber, and carbon nanotubes (carbon chopped fiber, carbon milled fiber) (hereinafter, this synthetic resin foam will be referred to as "carbon-containing synthetic resin foam"). Thus, the thermal insulation material contains short carbon fibers, and the carbon emits far-infrared wavelengths of 2 μm to 20 μm, which constitute growth rays.

[0042] Furthermore, in the conventional interior surface component described above, an insulating material is provided beneath the heating layer using an electric heater. However, no detailed explanation of the insulation material was provided. The inventor, through trial and error, conducted experiments with various combinations of insulation materials, other interior finishing materials, and heating elements, and found that the interior structure 10, which comprises the above-mentioned interior finishing material 11 possessing the above-mentioned characteristics, the above-mentioned planar heating element 13, and the above-mentioned insulation material 14 made of carbon-containing synthetic resin foam, exhibits a remarkable thermal radiation effect (see Examples).

[0043] (Relationship with the radiant energy distribution of an ideal black body) The cross-correlation coefficient between the waveform of the far-infrared radiation with wavelengths of 4 μm to 20 μm emitted from the composite of the interior finishing material 11 and the planar heating element 13 in this interior structure 10 and the waveform of the radiant energy distribution of an ideal blackbody at 6000 Kelvin with wavelengths of 4 μm to 20 μm is 90% or higher (more preferably 95% or higher).

[0044] (3) Effects of this interior structure In this building in which the interior structure 10 is used, growth rays are emitted from the planar heating element 13 into the interior space S of the building, passing through the interior primer 12 and the interior finishing material 11. At the same time, a large amount of growth rays are emitted from the interior finishing material 11, and growth rays are also emitted into the interior space S of the building from the interior base material 12 and the insulation material 14 due to the action of carbon.

[0045] In particular, the far-infrared radiation emitted from the composite of the planar heating element 13 and the interior finishing material 11 has properties that approximate the spectrum of blackbody far-infrared radiation, and also has a high far-infrared emissivity of 95% or more, resulting in the emission of high-energy far-infrared radiation in the growth-promoting wavelength band. As a result, the wavelengths of far-infrared radiation in the growth-promoting wavelength band and far-infrared radiation emitted by the human body overlap, causing a resonance phenomenon. This amplifies and activates molecular motion, leading to self-heating, which in turn activates cellular activity, promoting blood flow and metabolism. Thus, this interior structure 10 allows for the effective heating function of the room through the thermal radiation effect of far-infrared radiation. Furthermore, it has been shown that this interior structure 10 can achieve a certain level of energy saving compared to conventional heating systems, and also has a high heat storage effect.

[0046] Furthermore, among the effects mentioned above, the most direct and superior effect is the heat generation effect, which can significantly reduce indoor heating costs and contribute to combating global warming. Furthermore, this interior structure 10 can achieve radiant heating, which does not heat the air or other elements, rather than through conduction or convection. Therefore, it can prevent the diffusion of polluted air (such as dust mite carcasses and mold) that is generated by convection heating and contributes to allergies. Consequently, unnecessary air purification becomes unnecessary, creating a clean and healthy indoor space S, which in turn contributes to improving the health of the users living in that indoor space S.

[0047] In addition, since the interior base material 12 and insulation material 14 that constitute the interior structure 10 contain carbon, growth rays are also emitted from the interior base material 12 and insulation material 14 into the indoor space S of the building. As a result, a resonance phenomenon occurs between the growth rays and far-infrared radiation emitted from the planar heating element 13 and interior finishing material 11 and the growth rays emitted from the base material, etc., further enhancing the above-mentioned effects.

[0048] Furthermore, since the interior finishing material 11 that constitutes this interior structure 10 contains diatomaceous earth, it provides humidity control, deodorizing, mold prevention, antibacterial, and non-combustible effects.

[0049] Although an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the design can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0050] Furthermore, regarding the specifications, materials, dimensions, shapes, etc., of each component of the interior structure and the building, such as interior finishing materials, interior base materials or interior primers, planar heating elements and insulation materials, various structures can be used as long as they have the basic configuration. [Examples]

[0051] The following describes the results of various tests that verified the performance of this interior structure. Note that, in the following description, the components of this interior structure will not be denoted by symbols.

[0052] [In-room temperature measurement test] (1) Overview of the exam To verify the performance of the interior finishing materials, planar heating elements, and thermal insulation materials (synthetic resin foam) used in this interior structure, temperature measurement tests were conducted in a test room with test specimens 1-1 and 1-2, which are the interior structures, and test specimens 1-3 and 1-4 (neither shown), which are interior structures without the interior finishing materials and planar heating elements of this interior structure (test specimen 1-5 is a reference example without an interior structure).

[0053] (2) Test method Multiple 1-meter square cubic test chambers were created, and test specimens 1-1 to 1-4, which were made to match the dimensions of the ceiling, were installed. The perceived temperature of the indoor space (hereinafter referred to as "indoor temperature") was measured using a black globe thermometer (MITOMI Corporation) (Figure 3). Each test specimen, 1-1 to 1-4, is an interior structure created using the combination of interior finishing materials and heating elements shown in Table 1, and is installed in the test chamber with the interior finishing materials facing the interior space. Furthermore, the entire perimeter of the test chamber is covered with carbon-containing EPS, which is used in test specimens 1-2 below.

[0054] [Table 1]

[0055] Details of each interior structure are shown in Table 2 (the cross-correlation coefficients between the radiant energy distribution of an ideal blackbody in each component and the waveforms with wavelengths from 4 μm to 20 μm, as well as the far-infrared emissivity, were calculated separately through physical property tests and data analysis). In addition, test specimens 1-1 and 1-2 have a planar heating element installed in the center of the ceiling area covering 1 / 3 of the total area, while test specimen 1-3 has an electric floor heating system (not shown) installed in an area of ​​0.55m x 0.55m (each heating element is powered on for 24 hours at a heat output of 50W / hour).

[0056] The test was conducted over 10 days, from December 19th to December 28th, 2023. Indoor temperature was measured at 7:30 AM, assuming the minimum temperature. The indoor temperature was measured using a black globe thermometer placed 50 cm from the floor in the center of the test room.

[0057] [Table 2]

[0058] (3) Test results Since the indoor temperature depends on the outdoor temperature, the average value over the 10-day test period was calculated. The test results are shown in Table 3. Test specimens 1-1 and 1-2 were 1.4°C and 2.7°C higher than test specimen 1-3, and 1.1°C and 2.4°C higher than test specimen 1-4, clearly demonstrating their superior effectiveness. Furthermore, test specimen 1-2, which was equipped with carbon-containing EPS, was 1.3°C higher than test specimen 1-1, which was not equipped with carbon-containing EPS, clearly demonstrating its effectiveness.

[0059] [Table 3]

[0060] [Surface temperature measurement test] (1) Overview of the exam Regarding the test specimen (test specimen 2-1) in which a carbon-containing substrate material was attached to test specimen 1-1 of the above-mentioned laboratory temperature measurement test, surface temperature measurement tests were conducted on each interior structure to verify the performance of the carbon-containing substrate material.

[0061] (2) Test method For each of the multiple test specimens placed on the desk, the surface temperature of the top layer (facing the room space) of each test specimen (hereinafter referred to as "surface temperature") was measured using a radiation thermometer (manufactured by Custom Co., Ltd.) after heating the heating element (Figure 4). Each test specimen is a rectangular interior structure (210 mm × 297 cm [with varying thicknesses]) made by laminating different materials (components) as shown in Table 4. Test specimen 2-1 is the interior structure of claim 2 (at the time of filing), and test specimen 2-2 is the interior structure of the comparative example. (Note that regarding the materials used in the interior structures in Table 4, the materials are listed in order from the top layer [indicating that the materials are lower in the layer as the number increases].)

[0062] [Table 4]

[0063] The 13" planar heating element consists of six 30mm x 280mm planar heating elements arranged side by side. Details of each interior structure are shown in Table 5. In this test, at four measurement points A to D near the corners (5 cm vertically and 5 cm horizontally from each corner) and at the central point E (a total of 5 points) shown in Figure 4, the heating element was energized at 50 w / h, and the surface temperature was measured at 1-minute intervals. The average value was then calculated.

[0064] [Table 5]

[0065] (3) Test results The test results are shown in Table 6. As the energizing time progressed, the surface temperature of the interior structure (test specimen 2-1) increased compared to the comparative interior structure (test specimen 2-2), clearly indicating that the double-layer structure has a high heat-generating effect.

[0066] [Table 6] [Explanation of symbols]

[0067] S Indoor space 5. Substrate structure 6 Wall surface 7 Flooring 10 Interior structural elements 11 Interior finishing materials 12 Interior base materials 13 Planar heating element 14. Insulation

Claims

1. An interior finishing material that contains diatomaceous earth, emits far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 4 μm to 20 μm, and has a far-infrared emissivity of 95% or more, and transmits the said far-infrared rays, A planar heating element comprising a planar heating material containing carbon fiber and Japanese paper or nonwoven fabric as constituent materials, emitting far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 4 μm to 20 μm and having a far-infrared emissivity of 95% or more, and having the periphery of the planar heating material covered with a covering material, An interior structure having the interior finishing material provided on the upper side of the planar heating element, The cross-correlation coefficient between the waveform of the far-infrared radiation emitted from the interior finishing material and the planar heating element, with wavelengths of 4 μm to 20 μm, and the waveform of the 4 μm to 20 μm wavelength in the energy distribution of thermal radiation of an ideal blackbody at 6000 Kelvin is 90% or more. An interior base material or interior primer containing short carbon fibers is interposed between the interior finishing material and the planar heating element, A synthetic resin foam containing short carbon fibers is provided on the lower surface of the planar heating element. An interior structure characterized in that the emitted far-infrared rays produce a resonance phenomenon with far-infrared rays emitted from the human body.

2. A building characterized by having the interior structure described in claim 1 provided in at least a part of the building frame.

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