Textiles and textile products

Abstract

To provide a fabric highly excellent in ultraviolet-shielding property, preferably in addition to this, excellent in daylighting property and light-diffusing property, and a textile product obtained using the same.SOLUTION: In a fabric including a polyester fiber containing an organic ultraviolet absorber, an organic ultraviolet absorber is further applied to the fabric.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fabric having extremely excellent ultraviolet ray blocking properties, preferably also having excellent daylighting properties and light diffusion properties, and a fiber product using such a fabric.

Background Art

[0002] Polyester fibers have many excellent characteristics such as strength, dimensional stability, and easy care properties. Therefore, fabrics made of polyester fibers are widely used in a wide range from clothing to industrial applications due to their excellent properties.

[0003] On the other hand, there are concerns about the effects of ultraviolet rays contained in sunlight on the human body, and also because interior products and tatami mats in houses are sunburned, fiber products that cut ultraviolet rays have been proposed. For example, in Patent Document 1, it has been proposed to cut ultraviolet rays by incorporating inorganic ultraviolet absorbing and reflecting agents such as titanium dioxide into polyester fibers.

[0004] However, when a fiber product such as a lace curtain is made of polyester fibers containing a large amount of inorganic ultraviolet absorbing and reflecting agents, it still cannot be said to be satisfactory in terms of ultraviolet ray blocking properties, and also visible light is cut, resulting in a problem that the daylighting property is impaired. As a countermeasure, for example, a woven fabric using a flat cross-section yarn has been proposed, but it still could not be said to be satisfactory (for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of the above background, and its purpose is to provide a fabric and textile products made using the fabric that have excellent ultraviolet blocking properties and, preferably, excellent light transmission and light diffusion properties. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The inventors have diligently studied and conducted research to solve the above problems, and have now completed the present invention. Thus, the following invention is provided according to the present invention.

[0008] 1. A fabric comprising polyester fibers containing an organic ultraviolet absorber, characterized in that the fabric is further provided with an organic ultraviolet absorber. 2. The fabric according to item 1 above, wherein the polyester fiber contains 0.5% by weight or less of a matting agent. 3. The fabric according to 1 or 2 above, wherein the polyester fiber has one or more cross-sectional shapes selected from the group consisting of round, flat, constricted flat, triangular, W-shaped, Y-shaped, T-shaped, U-shaped, and cloud-shaped. 4. A woven fabric as described in any of the above 1-3, which is a woven fabric with a cover factor (CF) of 1500-3500, or a knitted fabric with 10-50 courses / 2.54cm and 9-30 wales / 2.54cm. However, the coverage factor (CF) is defined by the following formula. CF = (DWp / 1.1) 1 / 2 ×MWp+(DWf / 1.1) 1 / 2 ×MWf [DWp represents the total warp fineness (dtex), MWp represents the warp weave density (threads / 2.54cm), DWf represents the total weft fineness (dtex), and MWf represents the weft weave density (threads / 2.54cm).] [DWp represents the total warp fineness (dtex), MWp represents the warp weave density (threads / 2.54cm), DWf represents the total weft fineness (dtex), and MWf represents the weft weave density (threads / 2.54cm).] 5. A fabric described in any of the above 1 to 4, having an ultraviolet shielding rate of 95% or higher as measured according to JIS L 1925-2019. 6. A fabric described in any of items 1 to 5 above, having a light-transmitting rate of 10% or more as measured according to JIS L 1913-2010. 7. A fabric as described in any of items 1 to 6 above, having a light diffusivity of 5% or more. 8. Any textile product selected from the group consisting of curtains, tents, shoji paper, and hats, made using any of the fabrics described in items 1 to 7 above. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the present invention, a fabric with extremely excellent ultraviolet blocking properties, light transmission properties, and light diffusion properties, and a textile product made using the fabric can be obtained. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0010] [Figure 1] In the present invention, a schematic example of a flattened cross-sectional shape having a constricted portion can be adopted as the cross-sectional shape of a single polyester fiber. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0011] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the present invention, examples of polyesters that form polyester fibers include polyesters in which terephthalic acid is the main acid component and at least one glycol selected from the group consisting of alkylene glycols having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, namely ethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, pentamethylene glycol, and hexamethylene glycol, with ethylene glycol being particularly preferred as the main glycol component. Such polyester may contain a small amount (usually 30 mol% or less) of copolymerizing components as needed.

[0012] Examples of difunctional carboxylic acids other than terephthalic acid that can be used include aromatic, aliphatic, and alicyclic difunctional carboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, naphthaline dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl dicarboxylic acid, diphenoxyethane dicarboxylic acid, β-hydroxyethoxybenzoic acid, p-oxybenzoic acid, 5-sodium sulfisoisophthalic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, and 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid. Examples of diol compounds other than the glycols mentioned above include aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic diol compounds such as cyclohexane-1,4-dimethanol, neopentyl glycol, bisphenol A, and bisphenol S, as well as polyoxyalkylene glycols.

[0013] Such polyesters may be synthesized by any method. For example, in the case of polyethylene terephthalate, it may be produced by a first-step reaction in which terephthalic acid and / or a low polymer thereof are produced by directly esterifying terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, or by transesterifying a lower alkyl ester of terephthalic acid such as dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol, or by reacting terephthalic acid with ethylene oxide, and a second-step reaction in which the reaction product from the first step is heated under reduced pressure and subjected to polycondensation until the desired degree of polymerization is reached.

[0014] It may also be materially recycled or chemically recycled polyester. Furthermore, it may be an aliphatic polyester such as polylactic acid or stereocomplex polylactic acid.

[0015] In such polyester fibers, it is important that an organic ultraviolet absorber is contained in the polyester. At this time, the content of the organic ultraviolet absorber is preferably 0.1 to 5.0% by weight (more preferably 0.5 to 3.0% by weight) based on the weight of the polyester. If the content of the organic ultraviolet absorber is less than 0.1% by weight, sufficient ultraviolet absorption performance may not be obtained. Conversely, if the content of the organic ultraviolet absorber is more than 5.0% by weight, when spinning the polyester containing the organic ultraviolet absorber to obtain polyester fibers, the process stability of spinning may be impaired, or the polyester fibers may yellow over time.

[0016] Examples of the organic ultraviolet absorber contained in the polyester include benzoxazine-based organic ultraviolet absorbers, benzophenone-based organic ultraviolet absorbers, benzotriazole-based organic ultraviolet absorbers, benzoxazole-based organic ultraviolet absorbers, triazine-based organic ultraviolet absorbers, salicylic acid-based organic ultraviolet absorbers, and the like. Among them, benzoxazine-based organic ultraviolet absorbers are particularly preferred in that they do not decompose at the spinning stage.

[0017] Examples of such benzoxazine-based organic ultraviolet absorbers preferably include those disclosed in JP-A-62-11744. That is, 2-methyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2-butyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2-phenyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2,2'-ethylenebis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 2,2'-tetramethylenebis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 2,2'-p-phenylenebis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 1,3,5-tri(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one-2-yl)benzene, 1,3,5-tri(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one-2-yl)naphthalene, and the like.

[0018] Further, in the polyester forming the above polyester fibers, it is preferable that the content of a matting agent (such as titanium dioxide) is 0.5% by weight or less in order to obtain excellent light transmittance.

[0019] In the present invention, the polyester fiber may be obtained by spinning the polyester, which contains 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of an organic ultraviolet absorber, preferably with a matting agent content of 0.5% by weight or less and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.55 to 0.80, by a conventional method, winding it up as an undrawn yarn (intermediately oriented yarn) at a speed of 2000 to 4300 m / min and then drawing it, or by drawing and false-twisting it, or by drawing it before winding it. Alternatively, the intermediately oriented yarn may be heat-treated in a relaxed state (overfeed 1.5 to 10%) using a heater heated to 180 to 200°C to obtain an undrawn yarn (intermediately oriented yarn) that has self-stretching properties under heat.

[0020] In such polyester fibers, the single fiber fineness is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 5.0 dtex. Furthermore, the fiber form may be short fibers or long fibers (multifilaments). Among these, long fibers are preferred because they reduce the inter-structure voids in woven or knitted fabrics, thereby reducing the amount of ultraviolet light transmitted.

[0021] The total fineness and number of filaments of such long fibers are preferably in the range of 16 to 330 dtex for total fineness and 1 to 100 filaments for number of filaments. The cross-sectional shape of the single fiber is not particularly limited and may be a normal round cross-section, or it may be a non-standard cross-section such as flat, constricted flat, triangular, W-shaped, Y-shaped, T-shaped, U-shaped, cloud-shaped, flat cross-section, square cross-section, 3 to 14-lobed cross-section, or hollow cross-section. Non-standard cross-sections are particularly preferred in order to reduce the inter-structure voids when it is woven or knitted. In particular, adopting a flat cross-section with a cross-sectional flatness of 2 to 6 having two or more constrictions, as shown in Figure 1, is preferable because it can reduce the inter-structure voids when it is woven or knitted and also provides a soft texture. The cross-sectional flatness is the ratio (B / C1) of the length of the long side (B) to the length of the short side (C1), as shown in Figure 1. The constriction is the part where the length of the short side is shorter, as shown in Figure 1. In such constricted portions, the depth of the recess is preferably such that the ratio of the maximum to minimum lengths of the shorter side (C1 / C2) is 1.05 or greater (preferably 1.1 or greater). Figure 1 shows the case where there are three constricted portions.

[0022] Furthermore, it is preferable that the polyester fibers include two types of yarn with different boiling water shrinkage rates in the fabric, as this improves the UV cut rate and light diffusion properties by creating a textured surface on the fabric. In this case, a difference of 5 to 20% in shrinkage rates is preferable.

[0023] The fabric of the present invention contains the above-mentioned polyester fibers. In this case, it is preferable that the amount of polyester fibers is 30% by weight or more (more preferably 60% by weight or more, and particularly preferably 100% by weight) relative to the weight of the fabric. If the content of the above-mentioned polyester fibers is less than 30% by weight, sufficient UV protection may not be obtained.

[0024] The weave structure of the fabric is not particularly limited and may be woven or knitted using conventional methods. Furthermore, it may also be a nonwoven fabric. For example, examples of weave structures for woven fabrics include the three basic structures such as plain weave, twill weave, and satin weave, as well as variations, single double weave structures such as warp double weave and weft double weave, and warp velvet. The type of knitted fabric may be weft knitted or rib knitted. Preferred examples of weft knit structures include plain knit, rib knit, double knit, pearl knit, tuck knit, float knit, single rib knit, lace knit, and splice knit, while examples of warp knit structures include single denby knit, single atlas knit, double cord knit, half tricot knit, loopback knit, and jacquard knit. The number of layers may be single or multilayer with two or more layers.

[0025] In this case, if the fabric of the present invention is a woven fabric, the cover factor (CF) calculated by the following formula is preferably between 1500 and 3500. If the cover factor is less than 1500, the interstitial voids in the fabric structure become larger, which may impair the UV-blocking properties. In terms of UV-blocking properties, a higher cover factor is better, but if it is greater than 3500, the softness of the fabric may be impaired. CF = (DWp / 1.1) 1 / 2 ×MWp+(DWf / 1.1) 1 / 2 ×MWf However, DWp is the total fineness of the warp threads (dtex), MWp is the warp weave density (threads / 2.54cm), DWf is the total fineness of the weft threads (dtex), and MWf is the weft weave density (threads / 2.54cm).

[0026] Furthermore, if the fabric of the present invention is a knitted fabric, it is preferable to have a density of 10 to 50 courses / 2.54 cm and 9 to 30 wales / 2.54 cm. If the density is lower than this range, the interstitial spaces in the knitted fabric will increase, which may impair the UV-blocking properties. In terms of UV-blocking properties, a higher density is better, but if it is higher than this range, the softness of the fabric may be impaired.

[0027] Furthermore, an organic UV absorber is applied to the fabric. The organic UV absorber may be as described above. It may be the same type as the organic UV absorber contained in the polyester fibers, or a different type. The amount of organic UV absorber fixed to the fabric is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5.0% owf relative to the fabric.

[0028] Furthermore, the binder resin used when imparting organic UV absorbers is not particularly limited, and examples include urethane resin, acrylic resin, polyester resin, silicone resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, and nylon resin. The amount of binder resin that adheres is 0.01 to 40 g / m of fabric, based on the resin solids content. 2 (comfortable 1-30g / m 2 It is preferable that it be within the range of ).

[0029] Typically, the organic UV absorber and binder resin are applied to the fabric as a compound composition. This compound composition may be water-based or solvent-based, but water-based is preferred due to the working environment during the processing. Examples of solvents include toluene, isopropyl alcohol, dimethylformamide, methyl ethyl ketone, and ethyl acetate. A crosslinking agent, such as an epoxy-based agent, may also be used in combination with this compound composition. Furthermore, appropriate additives may be added to improve adhesion to the fabric itself, etc.

[0030] As a means of imparting organic ultraviolet absorbers and binder resins to fabrics, first, both are combined into a compound composition as described above, and then this compound composition can be applied using known imparting methods such as padding, gravure coating, or screen printing. As a means of imparting organic ultraviolet absorbers alone, known imparting methods such as exhaustion or padding can be used.

[0031] The fabric of the present invention may be subjected to various processes, such as conventional dyeing and finishing, water-repellent treatment, napping, ultraviolet shielding, or the application of antibacterial agents, deodorizers, insect repellents, phosphorescent agents, retroreflective agents, and negative ion generators, as long as the objectives of the present invention are not impaired.

[0032] The fabric of the present invention, having the above-described structure, exhibits excellent ultraviolet blocking, light transmission, and light diffusion properties. Here, it is preferable that the ultraviolet shielding rate, as measured according to JIS L 1925-2019, is 95% or higher (more preferably 95-99.9%). Furthermore, it is preferable that the light transmission rate, as measured according to JIS L 1913-2010, is 10% or higher (more preferably 11-40%). Additionally, it is preferable that the light diffusion property is 5% or higher (more preferably 5-15%).

[0033] Next, the textile product of the present invention includes the aforementioned fabric and is any textile product selected from the group consisting of curtains, tents, shoji paper, and hats. Since such a textile product includes the aforementioned fabric, it has excellent ultraviolet protection, light transmission, and light diffusion properties. [Examples]

[0034] Examples and comparative examples of the present invention will be described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The measurement items in the examples were measured using the methods described below.

[0035] <Intrinsic viscosity> Measurements were taken at 35°C using orthochlorophenol as the solvent.

[0036] <Fineness> The measurement was performed according to JIS L1013-2021 8.3.1 Correct fineness.

[0037] <Coverage Factor (CF)> It was calculated using the following formula. CF = (DWp / 1.1) 1 / 2 ×MWp+(DWf / 1.1) 1 / 2 ×MWf However, DWp is the total fineness of the warp threads (dtex), and MWp is the warp weave density (threads / 2.54cm). DWf represents the total fineness of the weft yarn (dtex), and MWf represents the weft yarn density (threads / 2.54cm).

[0038] <UV shielding rate> Measurements were taken according to JIS L 1925-2019.

[0039] <Lighting rate> Measurements were taken according to JIS L 1913-2010.

[0040] <Light diffusivity> The measurements were performed using JIS L 1055-2009 Method A. The fabric was placed in the opening of the test box, and the illuminance (lx) at any point inside the test box was measured. The illuminance A (lx) of the fabric in the center directly below the opening, the illuminance B (lx) of the fabric at a point approximately 10 cm from the center in the warp direction, and the illuminance C (lx) of the fabric at a point approximately 10 cm from the center in the weft direction were measured and calculated using the following formula. Light diffusion coefficient in the longitudinal direction X = Illuminance B / Illuminance A × 100 Latitude light diffusion Y = Illuminance C / Illuminance A × 100 Light diffusivity = (X + Y) / 2

[0041] [Example 1] Polyethylene terephthalate containing 1.0% by weight of 2,2'-p-phenylenebis(3,1-benzoxazine-4-one) organic ultraviolet absorber, synthesized by the method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-11744, and free of a matting agent, was spun at a spinning temperature of 300°C from a die with a four-peaked flat cross section (six recesses), and taken up at 4000 m / min. Without winding, it was immediately stretched to 1.3 times its original length to obtain a multifilament (A) 84 dtex / 30 fil with a flat cross section (cross-sectional flatness 3.2) having three constrictions (maximum / minimum of the short side length C = 1.2) as shown in Figure 1. Multifilament (B) 330 dtex / 10 fil was obtained by the same method as above, except that the die was changed to a round cross section. The obtained multifilament (B) was separated by a conventional method to obtain multifilament (C) 33 dtex / 1 fil. Furthermore, the filament was spun in the same manner as described above, wound at 3500 m / min, and then drawn and false-twisted using a conventional method to obtain multifilament (D) 167 dtex / 144 fil.

[0042] Next, the aforementioned multifilament (C) was used for the warp threads, and the aforementioned multifilaments (A) and (D) were used for the weft threads in a 9:9 arrangement to weave a 5 / 1 twill fabric with a warp density of 183 threads / 2.54cm and a weft density of 95 threads / 2.54cm. Then, a conventional dyeing process was carried out without using dyes, and at the finishing stage, the same organic ultraviolet absorber as above was used at 2.0% owf to obtain a fabric with a cover factor (CF) of 2384. A crinkled texture was observed on the surface of this fabric. The resulting fabric exhibited excellent UV shielding, light transmission, and light diffusion properties, with a UV shielding rate of 99%, a light transmission rate of 12%, and a light diffusion rate of 6%.

[0043] [Example 2] Polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.60, which does not contain organic UV absorbers and contains 0.3% by weight of a matting agent, was spun and drawn by conventional methods to obtain polyester multifilament (A) 84 dtex / 36 fil. The obtained multifilament was twisted at S1000 turns / m by conventional methods to obtain polyester multifilament (E).

[0044] Next, using the multifilament (E) for the warp and the multifilament (A) described in Example 1 for the weft, a 5 / 1 twill fabric with a warp density of 85 threads / 2.54cm and a weft density of 110 threads / 2.54cm was woven. Then, the dyeing process described in Example 1 was applied to obtain a fabric with a cover factor (CF) of 1862. The resulting fabric exhibited excellent UV shielding, light transmission, and light diffusion properties, with a UV shielding rate of 96%, a light transmission rate of 14%, and a light diffusion rate of 5%.

[0045] [Comparative Example 1] In Example 2, a woven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that an organic ultraviolet absorber was not used during the dyeing process. The resulting fabric exhibited poor UV shielding, with a UV blocking rate of 93%, a light transmission rate of 14%, and a light diffusion rate of 5%. [Industrial applicability]

[0046] According to the present invention, fabrics with extremely excellent ultraviolet blocking properties, light transmission properties, and light diffusion properties, and textile products made using such fabrics, have extremely high industrial value. [Explanation of symbols]

[0047] 1. Waist area

Claims

[Claim 1] A textile product made using a fabric containing polyester fibers containing an organic ultraviolet absorber, further comprising two types of polyester yarns with different boiling water shrinkage rates, wherein a crinkled surface is formed on the fabric, and the fabric is further treated with an organic ultraviolet absorber. In the aforementioned polyester fiber, the content of the matting agent is 0.5% by weight or less. The fabric is a woven fabric with a cover factor (CF) of 1500 to 3500. In the case of woven fabrics, the ultraviolet shielding rate measured according to JIS L1925-2019 is 95% or more, the light transmission rate measured according to JIS L1913-2010 is 10% or more, and the light diffusion rate is 5% or more. A textile product characterized by being a curtain. However, the coverage factor (CF) is defined by the following formula. CF=(DWp / 1.1) 1 / 2 ×MWp+(DWf / 1.1) 1 / 2 ×MWf [DWp represents the total fineness of the warp threads (dtex), MWp represents the warp weave density (threads / 2.54cm), DWf represents the total fineness of the weft threads (dtex), and MWf represents the weft weave density (threads / 2.54cm).]

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