Vehicle dashboard

Abstract

The present invention relates to a veiling glare reduction system including a glass dashboard portion (301) for enhanced visual comfort for a driver, and in particular to a glass dashboard portion (301) arranged such that light passing through the windshield and reflecting off the glass dashboard surface is partially reflected by the inner windshield surface towards the driver position to obtain reduced veiling glare. The present invention further relates to a head-up display system provided with a glass dashboard portion having reduced veiling glare.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a glass dashboard portion that enhances the driver's visual comfort. In particular, the present invention relates to a glass dashboard portion that provides reduced veiling glare. The present invention further provides a good display for a head-up display. The present invention further relates to a head-up display system provided with a glass dashboard portion having reduced veiling glare. [Background technology]

[0002] Light reflected from the dashboard and onto the windshield can interfere with the driver's vision. Referring to Figure 1, when ambient light passes through the windshield (105), reflects off the top surface of the dashboard (101) (106, 107), returns to the windshield (106), reflects off the windshield (108) and enters the driver's eyes, veiling glare occurs within the windshield (103) of the vehicle (100). The driver (104) sees a visual image of the dashboard (101) illuminated beyond the windshield (103), thereby "obscuring" or interfering with the driver's ability to perceive the view ahead of the vehicle. Veiling glare is exacerbated by windshields with steeply sloped, tinted, or glossy dashboards.

[0003] To eliminate veiling glare, vehicle manufacturers have been compelled to limit the degree of windshield slope and to use anti-reflective materials, dark colors, and / or textured surfaces on the dashboard. These features limit the design options for vehicles, and dark dashboards absorb radiation, resulting in increased temperatures inside the vehicle.

[0004] Another system for reducing veiling glare is concentrated on the windshield, such as by placing anti-reflective, holographic, or polarizing materials on the windshield, which is complex and expensive to manufacture. Alternatively, a polarizing coating can be deposited on the dashboard.

[0005] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009097125A1 discloses a method for reducing baying glare by polarization using a polarizing layer on the inner surface of a vehicle. [Overview of the project]

[0006] One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a vehicle glass dashboard portion that reduces baying glare. The glass dashboard portion is positioned to reflect light that has passed through the windshield, which has an inner and outer surface through which light can pass. Less light is reflected back towards the windshield and then reflected from the inner surface of the windshield towards the driver.

[0007] The glass dashboard portion (201) of the present invention includes a glass substrate which is etched and ion-implanted, has a certain surface roughness, and is provided with a first surface (202) containing ions implanted in a layer (203) adjacent to the etched substrate surface in the substrate.

[0008] Accordingly, the present invention further relates to a veiling glare reduction system for a vehicle (300) having a windshield (303) and a dashboard (302), comprising: a windshield (303) having an inner and outer surface through which light can pass; and glass dashboard portions (201, 301) that reflect light that has passed through the windshield; the glass dashboard portions (201, 301) comprising a glass substrate which is etched and ion-implanted and has a certain surface roughness and is provided with a first surface (202) containing ions implanted in a layer (203) adjacent to the etched substrate surface in the substrate, thereby causing reflected light (306, 307) to be diffusely reflected by the glass dashboard surface and then reflected (308) by the inner surface of the windshield. Veiling glare, which is a portion of the light reflected (308) from the windshield into the driver's eyes, has been found to be reduced using the veiling glare reduction system of the present invention.

[0009] To avoid any doubt, the objective of the system, the baying glare reduction system of the present invention, implicitly includes the arrangement of the glass dashboard portion and the windshield such that light passing through the windshield and reflected off the glass dashboard surface is partially reflected by the inner windshield surface to the driver's position, i.e., toward the driver.

[0010] The present invention relates to a method for reducing veiling glare in a vehicle having a windshield and a glass dashboard portion, the method comprising: passing light through the windshield; directing the light passing through the windshield onto the surface of the glass dashboard portion and reflecting it by the surface of the glass dashboard portion; and diffusing the light reflected by the glass dashboard portion including a glass substrate, wherein the glass substrate is etched and ion-implanted, has a certain surface roughness, and has a first surface containing ions implanted in a layer adjacent to a first substrate surface in the substrate, and the light is diffusely reflected from the glass dashboard portion by the first surface.

[0011] The present invention relates to a head-up display system for vehicles, and: a. Windshield (409) and, b. Includes an image source (403) configured such that a light ray (404) is directed toward an image formed on the windshield (409), The present invention further includes a head-up display system for vehicles, characterized in that a light ray from an image source passes through a glass dashboard portion (401) according to the present invention, and a first surface of the glass dashboard portion faces a windshield (409). [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0012] [Figure 1] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a vehicle that does not have a baling glare reduction system.

[0013] [Figure 2] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dashboard equipped with a glass dashboard portion according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] [Figure 3] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of a vehicle having the baying glare reduction system of the present invention.

[0015] [Figure 4] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of a vehicle having the head-up display system of the present invention.

[0016] [Figure 5] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a configuration for evaluating the light reflected towards the driver.

[0017] [Figure 6] This graph compares the amount of light reflected towards the driver from various glass dashboard sections.

[0018] [Figure 7] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a configuration for evaluating light from a head-up display source reflected towards the driver.

[0019] [Figure 8] This graph compares the amount of light transmitted through various glass dashboard sections. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0020] Referring to Figure 3, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a glass dashboard portion (301) is laminated onto a dashboard substructure (302), a molded object made of, for example, a low-density resin, such as polypropylene, foamed polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, or acrylonitrile / styrene acrylate. Referring to Figure 2, the glass dashboard portion (201) can be laminated transparently onto the dashboard structure (205), so that the color of the dashboard structure can be seen through the glass dashboard portion. Lamination can be performed by applying an adhesive material (204) over a portion of the glass portion, for example, around at least a portion of the edges of the glass portion, or by applying an adhesive material to the entire contact area between the glass portion and the dashboard structure (205).

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 4, the glass dashboard portion (401) is transparently laminated onto the image source (403). In one embodiment, the image source may be a head-up display light source.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the surface roughness of the first surface of the glass substrate of the glass dashboard portion is measured using a Gaussian filter with a cutoff wavelength of 0.8 mm over an evaluation length of 12 mm: a. 0.02 μm ≤ Ra ≤ 0.60 μm, b. 0.1 μm ≤ Rz ≤ 3.0 μm, and c. 0.01 μm ≤ RSm ≤ 0.08 μm It is defined by, The above glass substrate, advantageously measured from the first surface with the opposite surface exposed to air, exhibits the following optical properties: • Haze value of 1-85% Transparency values ​​of 10-100%, • Gross values ​​of 10-50 SGU at 60°, and • Visible light reflectance of 7-4.5% (approximately 4% of this is the reflectance of the air / substrate interface on the opposite side of the first surface) It can have.

[0023] According to one advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the glass substrate of the glass dashboard portion preferably has a low sparkle value of less than 10%, particularly less than 7%, and particularly less than 5%, when measured by the method shown below in conjunction with the examples of this specification.

[0024] The optical properties described in the two paragraphs above can be obtained without any coating or surface treatment on the second surface, which is the surface opposite to the first surface.

[0025] Throughout this specification, where a numerical range is indicated, values ​​at the ends of that range are considered to be included within that range. Furthermore, all integer and subdomain values ​​within a numerical range are explicitly included as if they were explicitly indicated.

[0026] An "etched surface" refers to a surface that has been attacked by mechanical or chemical means, from which a certain amount of glass material has been removed to obtain a specific surface texture / roughness. In chemically etched glass, material removal is carried out by a chemical reaction / attack (i.e., acid etching). In mechanically etched glass, removal is carried out by a mechanical reaction / attack (i.e., sandblasting). Alternatively, laser texture processing can be used to obtain an "etched surface". According to the present invention, the glass substrate can be advantageously etched substantially over the entire glass surface, i.e., over at least 90% of the glass surface.

[0027] In one embodiment, chemical etching is used to etch the glass surface. Various methods can be used to chemically etch the glass substrate of the dashboard portion to form surface roughness. In one embodiment of the present invention, a fluoride-based solvent can be used to form a rough surface. For example, an aqueous solution of ammonium difluoride (NH4F-HF) can be used, for example, an aqueous solution containing 15-35% by weight of NH4-HF with the remainder being H2O. The surface to be etched is brought into contact with the etchant solution for a set time. The time and concentration are adjusted to obtain the desired surface roughness.

[0028] The first surface, which has been etched and ion-implanted, means that after etching, ion implantation is performed on the etched surface to reduce the visible light reflectance of the glass dashboard portion, and subsequently, the ions are implanted into the layer closest to the first surface of the substrate. As is well known in the art, the ion implantation process differs from the ion exchange process of chemical strengthening, and also differs in terms of the resulting glass substrate.

[0029] The etched surface of the glass dashboard is typically characterized by its surface texture or roughness, particularly by the Ra, Rz, and Rsm values ​​(expressed in μm) as defined in the ISO 4287-1997 standard. Texture / roughness is achieved through the presence of surface irregularities / patterns. These irregularities consist of raised areas called "peaks" and depressions called "valleys." In sections perpendicular to the etched surface, the peaks and valleys are distributed on either side of a "center line" (algebraic mean), also called the "average line." In a given profile, for measurements along a certain length (called the "evaluation length"), a. Ra (amplitude value) corresponds to the average difference of the texture, i.e., the arithmetic mean of the absolute differences between the peaks and valleys. Ra measures the distance between this average and the "line" and serves as an indicator of the height of the pattern on the first surface that has been etched and ion-implanted; b. Rz (amplitude value) corresponds to the "10-point average roughness," which is the sum of the average peak between the five highest peaks and the average trough between the five lowest troughs. c.Rsm (interval value, sometimes called Sm) is the average distance between two consecutive passes of a cross-section passing through the "average line," which gives the average distance between "peaks," and therefore the average width of the pattern.

[0030] The roughness value according to the present invention can be measured with a profile meter using a 2D profile (compliant with ISO 4287). Alternatively, 3D profilometry (compliant with ISO 25178) can be used, but the 2D profile must be separated and then the parameters defined in ISO 4287 must be obtained from it.

[0031] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the roughness value is measured using a Gaussian filter, which is a long-wavelength filter also called a profile filter λc. This is used to separate the roughness / texture component from the relief component of the profile.

[0032] The evaluation length L according to this invention is the length of the profile used for evaluating roughness. The reference length l is a portion of the evaluation length used to identify the irregularities that characterize the profile to be evaluated. The evaluation length L is divided / cut into n reference lengths l depending on the irregularities of the profile. The reference length l corresponds to the "cutoff" wavelength (or limiting wavelength) of a Gaussian filter (l=λc). Typically, the evaluation length is at least 5 times the reference length.

[0033] In roughness measurements, short-wavelength filters (profile filters λs) are also commonly used to eliminate the effects of very short wavelengths, which constitute background noise.

[0034] The visible light reflectance Rc is measured on the first surface (or side) of the glass dashboard part that has been etched and ion-implanted, using a light source D65 and an observer angle of 2°. The surface opposite the first surface is exposed to air for the purpose of this measurement. The reflected color is represented using the CIELAB color coordinates a * and b * and is measured on the side of the etched and ion-implanted glass dashboard part of the glass dashboard part. CIE L * a * b * or CIELAB is a color space defined by the International Commission on Illumination and is commonly used in the glass industry in particular. Unless otherwise specified, the visible light reflectance Rc, and the reflected colors a * Rc, b * Rc is measured at an angle of 8° that is approximately perpendicular to the surface of the glass dashboard part. Values measured at another angle are distinguished by specifying the measurement angle in parentheses, i.e., for a measurement angle of 35°, Rc(35°), a * Rc(35°), b * Rc(35°). The transmittance TL is also measured using a light source D65 and an observer angle of 2°.

[0035] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the surface roughness of the first surface of the present invention that has been etched and ion-implanted satisfies 0.010 μm ≤ RSm ≤ 0.060 μm. Advantageously, the surface roughness of the first surface of the present invention that has been etched and ion-implanted is, for example, 0.015 μm ≤ RSm ≤ 0.06 μm. Smaller RSm roughness values, in combination with specific haze values and gloss values in some cases, result in a glass dashboard part of the present invention having a smaller sparkle value, which is of interest when an image is projected through the glass, such as in a head-up display system.

[0036] According to another advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the surface roughness of the first surface etched and ion-implanted according to the present invention is, for example, 0.02 μm ≤ Ra ≤ 0.60 μm. Alternatively, the surface roughness of the first surface etched and ion-implanted according to the present invention is, for example, 0.05 μm ≤ Ra ≤ 0.40 μm, or even 0.14 μm ≤ Ra ≤ 0.40 μm. A smaller Ra value results in a smaller haze value for the glass dashboard portion of the present invention.

[0037] According to another advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the surface roughness of the first surface that is etched and ion-implanted is, for example, 0.10 μm ≤ Rz ≤ 3.00 μm, or 0.50 μm ≤ Rz ≤ 3.00 μm, or even 0.75 μm ≤ Rz ≤ 3.00 μm.

[0038] The glass dashboard portion of the present invention may contain ions preferably selected from positively charged ions of O, N, He, Ne, Ar, or Kr near the first surface of the glass substrate. The implanted ions are present near the first surface to a depth preferably between 0.1 μm and 1 μm. The amount of ions implanted is preferably 5 × 10⁻¹⁶. 14 Ions / cm 2 ~10 18 Ions / cm 2 , to the advantage of 10 16 Ions / cm 2 ~5×10 17 Ions / cm 2 , 3x10 is more advantageous 16 Ions / cm 2 ~10 17 Ions / cm 2 That is the case.

[0039] Ion implantation involves implanting positively charged ions of O, N, He, Ne, Ar, or Kr to reduce the visible light reflectance of the etched glass dashboard portion.

[0040] According to the present invention, the injection step includes the following operations: a. To provide a source gas selected from O2 or N2, He, Ne, Ar, or Kr. Ionizing the source gas such that positively charged ions of bO, N, He, Ne, Ar, or Kr are formed. c. Accelerating positively charged ions of O, N, He, Ne, Ar, or Kr using an accelerating voltage of 5kV to 100kV. d. To provide a glass dashboard portion having an etched first surface, A glass dashboard portion is positioned so that its etched surface faces the beam within the trajectory of a positively charged ion beam of eO, N, He, Ne, Ar, or Kr, thereby injecting ions from a selected source gas into the etched first surface of the glass dashboard portion.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ion beam trajectory is essentially perpendicular to the etched surface of the glass dashboard portion.

[0042] The ion dose or usage amount is preferably 5 × 10⁻⁶. 14 Ions / cm 2 ~10 18 Ions / cm 2 , to the advantage of 10 16 Ions / cm 2 ~5×10 17 Ions / cm 2 , 3x10 is more advantageous 16 Ions / cm 2 ~10 17 Ions / cm 2 Ion dose can be controlled, for example, by the exposure time to the ion beam, and is also influenced by the beam's fluence.

[0043] In one embodiment, the glass dashboard portion is moved relative to the ion beam in one or more passes to treat its entire surface. The glass dashboard portion can be moved at a speed of 20 to 160 mm / s.

[0044] The etched glass dashboard portion exhibits a visible light reflectivity of up to 7% after ion implantation, and most surprisingly, no non-uniformity is observed despite the roughness of the first surface being etched and ion-implanted, and despite the ion implantation being performed at an angle not perpendicular to the surface structure. Furthermore, the etched glass dashboard portion may show a change in reflected color at small angles after ion implantation. In particular, the etched glass dashboard portion may show achromatic or blue reflected color after ion implantation.

[0045] The inventors have found that, advantageously, an ion source that yields an ion beam containing a mixture of monovalent and polyvalent ions is used for ionizing a source gas. Such ion mixtures accelerated at the same acceleration voltage are particularly useful because they can achieve a higher fluence than monovalent ion beams. Therefore, they can reach a specific dose in a shorter time. Polyvalent ions are also interesting because they can reach a greater implantation depth than monovalent ions at the same acceleration voltage. The implantation energy, expressed in units of electron volts (eV), is calculated by multiplying the charge of the monovalent or polyvalent ion by the acceleration voltage. For a particular acceleration voltage, a particular type of divalent ion, such as N2, is used. 2+ This corresponds to the monovalent ion N + Because it has twice the implantation energy, an ion beam containing a mixture of monovalent and polyvalent ions is particularly useful. Therefore, it is possible to reach greater implantation depths without having to increase the accelerating voltage. According to one advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the positively charged ions include a mixture of monovalent and / or polyvalent ions. For a given accelerating voltage, the ions gain energy proportional to their charge, so a mixture of monovalent and polyvalent ions allows for implantation over a wider depth range in a single step than when using monovalent ions. More advantageously, in a mixture of monovalent and polyvalent ions, the relative amounts of ions with different charges decrease with increasing charge. This reduces the amount of ions implanted as they move from the substrate surface to the bulk, with a stepwise change in physical properties.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, at least 90% of the ions in the ion beam consist of monovalent and divalent ions of species selected from N, O, He, Ne, Ar, and Kr, with a ratio of at least 55 / 25 between monovalent and divalent species. Each of the monovalent and divalent species is N + and N 2+ , O + and O 2+ He + and He 2+ Ne + and Ne 2+ Ar e and Ar 2+ That is the case.

[0047] In an alternative embodiment, ions are implanted by sequentially implanting ions selected as monovalent ions in several steps of different accelerating voltages, for example.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the region of the glass substrate to be processed, located beneath the region to be processed, is below the glass transition temperature of the glass substrate. This temperature is influenced, for example, by the ion current of the beam, the residence time in the beam of the processing region, and any means of cooling the substrate.

[0049] In one advantageous embodiment of the present invention, either N or O implanted ions are used because they cause less sputtering on the substrate surface than heavier ions, which is particularly important for maintaining the surface roughness obtained by etching. In another embodiment of the present invention, a combination of N and O implanted ions is used.

[0050] In another advantageous embodiment of the present invention, any Ar implanted ion can be used with similar performance to that achieved with a lower dose using N ion implantation.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, several ion implantation beams are used simultaneously or sequentially to process a glass substrate.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present invention, the total ion dose per surface unit of a glass substrate region is obtained in a single treatment with an ion implantation beam.

[0053] In another embodiment of the present invention, the total ion dose per surface unit of a region of a glass substrate is obtained by several consecutive treatments with one or more ion implantation beams. The same or different source gases can be used for the ion beams to implant the same or different ions of O, N, He, Ne, Ar, or Kr.

[0054] The method of the present invention is preferably 10 -2 mbar~10 -7 mbar pressure, more preferably 5 × 10 -5 mbar~6×10 -6 This is performed in a vacuum chamber under a pressure of mbar.

[0055] An example of an ion source for carrying out the method of the present invention is the Hardion+ RCE ion source from Ionics SA.

[0056] The present invention also relates to the use of a mixture of monovalent and polyvalent ions of O, N, He, Ne, Ar, or Kr to reduce baling glare, wherein the mixture of monovalent and polyvalent ions is injected into a glass substrate using an ion dose and acceleration voltage effective in reducing baling glare.

[0057] Advantageously, the ion implantation depth can be 0.1 μm to 1 μm, preferably 0.1 μm to 0.5 μm. The implanted ions spread between the substrate surface and the implantation depth. The implantation depth can be adapted by the selection of implanted ions and acceleration energy, and varies to some extent depending on the substrate.

[0058] According to the present invention, a mixture of monovalent and polyvalent ions of O or N is preferably O + and O 2+ , or N + , N 2+ and N 3+Or Ar + and Ar 2+ Each of these includes:

[0059] According to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, a mixture of monovalent and polyvalent ions of O is O + A smaller amount of O 2+ Includes. In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixture of monovalent and polyvalent ions of O is 55-98% O + and 2-45% O 2+ Includes.

[0060] According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a mixture of monovalent and polyvalent ions of N is N + and N 2+ A smaller amount of N than each of the following: 3+ Includes. In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixture of monovalent and polyvalent ions of N is 40-70% N + , 20-40% N 2+ , and 2-20% N 3+ Includes.

[0061] According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a mixture of monovalent and polyvalent ions of Ar is Ar + A smaller amount of Ar 2+ Includes. In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixture of monovalent and polyvalent ions of Ar is 50-80% Ar + , 10-30% Ar 2+ , and 3-15% Ar 3+ Includes.

[0062] In one embodiment of the present invention, baying glare is reduced by ion implantation.

[0063] Referring to Figure 3, the present invention relates to a baling glare reduction system for use in a vehicle (300). A vehicle means a passenger car, truck, train, airplane, ship, etc., which has a slanted windshield and dashboard. Conventional vehicle (300) windshields (303) are typically made of glass or plastic.

[0064] Light incident on the windshield (303) is transmitted (305), absorbed, or reflected (not shown) depending on the properties of the windshield (303), such as the refractive index of the windshield material and the chemical composition of the windshield (303), as well as the angle of incidence of the light.

[0065] Light (305) passing through the windshield (303) strikes a first etched and ion-implanted surface of the glass dashboard portion of the present invention (301) located on the interior surface of the vehicle, for example, on the dashboard (302). The light (306, 307) reflected by the dashboard (302) is partially reflected diffusely (307) and partially reflected in an essentially specular manner (306). Due to the etched and ion-implanted substrate surface, only the amount of reflected light from this surface is greatly reduced. Thereafter, the amount of reflected light reaching the driver is further reduced, and this effect is further enhanced by the diffusion of the reflected light.

[0066] In one embodiment, the glass dashboard portion (301) can be transparently laminated onto the dashboard structure (302), so that the color of the dashboard structure can be seen through the glass dashboard portion. Advantageously, the dashboard structure is light-absorbing and / or colored, thereby further reducing the amount of reflected light at its surface where it comes into contact with the adhesive used for lamination. Due to the glass dashboard portion of the present invention, the appearance of the dashboard structure, such as its color, remains unchanged or undisturbed. In contrast to conventional multilayer anti-reflective coatings, using the glass dashboard portion of the present invention results in no significant change in transmitted or reflected color, even at high viewing angles, e.g., up to 60°. The adhesive material preferably has a refractive index n(adhesive) close to the refractive index n(glass) of the entire glass dashboard portion in the visible wavelength range. The smaller this difference, the less light is reflected at the glass-adhesive interface. Preferably, 0.8 × n(glass) ≤ n(adhesive) ≤ 1.2 × n(glass), more preferably 0.9 × n(glass) ≤ n(adhesive) ≤ 1.1 × n(glass).

[0067] Therefore, the veiling glare reduction system of the present invention offers several advantages. This system provides improved vision by avoiding or minimizing veiling glare and can be used with dashboards in lighter colors than previously available, such as light gray or beige. Furthermore, the complete absence of coatings on the exposed surface of the glass dashboard portion results in greater chemical and mechanical resistance and a more aesthetically pleasing appearance.

[0068] While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, obvious modifications and changes to the present invention can be made without departing from the intent and scope of the invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0069] For example, the change in color Δa after a change in angle. * b * It is defined as follows with respect to the reference point before each change: Δa * b * =[(a * (after)-a * (before)) 2 +(b * (after)-b * (before)) 2 ] 1 / 2 Other changes, such as before / after lamination, can also be considered.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the glass dashboard portion is laminated onto the dashboard structure, the color of the laminated dashboard structure viewed through the dashboard portion does not change significantly. Advantageously, the reflective color of the dashboard structure before lamination is reduced. * Rc(db) and b * Rc(db) and the reflective color a of the dashboard structure as seen through the glass dashboard portion after lamination. * Rc(db,after lam.) and b * Change Δa from Rc(db, after lam.) * b *Rc(db,lam) is Δa * b * Rc(db,lam) ≤ 1.5, or the amount of color change Δa due to the angle * b * Rc(db,lam) ≤ 1, or the amount of color change Δa due to the angle * b * Rc(db,lam) ≤ 0.7, or the amount of color change Δa due to a particularly small angle * b * Rc(db,lam) ≤ 0.5.

[0071] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the glass dashboard portion is laminated to the dashboard structure, the color change due to the angle is small. This means that when looking through the glass of the glass dashboard at a certain angle, the color of the dashboard structure does not change. In particular, the amount of color change Δa due to the angle at a viewing angle of 35° * b * Rc is Δa * b * Rc(35°) ≤ 1.5, or the amount of color change Δa due to the angle * b * Rc(35°) ≤ 1, or the amount of color change a due to the angle * b * Rc(35°) ≤ 0.7, or the amount of color change Δa due to a particularly small angle * b * Rc(35°) ≤ 0.5. In one embodiment, for any one or more observation angles up to 75°, a maximum of 3, a maximum of 2, and further a maximum of 1 Δa * b * Rc value can be obtained.

[0072] In one embodiment of the present invention, when measured in air without a laminated dashboard structure by the glass dashboard portion, achromatic reflected light is obtained. In particular, the CIELAB color coordinates of the reflected light on the side where the glass substrate is etched and ion-implanted are achromatic in terms of the a * Rc and b * Rc color coordinates, that is, 1 ≤ a * Rc ≤ 1 and 1 ≤ b *Rc ≤ 1, or more achromatic, i.e., 0.5 ≤ a * Rc ≤ 0.5 and 0.5 ≤ b * Rc ≤ 0.5, or even more achromatic, i.e., 0.3 ≤ a * Rc ≤ 0.3 and 0.3 ≤ b * Rc ≤ 0.3. In some cases, 2 ≤ a * Rc ≤ 2 and 2 ≤ b * Having a reflected color Rc≦2 means it is sufficiently achromatic.

[0073] The glass dashboard according to the present invention exhibits excellent low-sparkle characteristics along with reduced veiling glare in a windshield mounted on a vehicle.

[0074] "Sparkle" refers to small bright spots (on a near-pixel-level scale) appearing in the image of the image source and the texture of the etched glass surface of the present invention, which cause the transmitted image to have a grainy appearance. Thus, the "sparkle effect" is an optical interaction between two surface regions, namely the regular pixel matrix of a display (light source) and the etched glass surface having a less regular microstructure. This manifests as irregular fluctuations in intensity on the display as the observer's head moves from side to side (including phenomena of refraction, diffraction, and diffusion). In the setting of the present invention, this is important for light from an image source, such as a head-up display light source, especially for high-resolution image sources exceeding 150 dots / inch (dpi) or 250 dpi.

[0075] The optical properties of the glass dashboard portion according to the present invention can be characterized as follows: a. Total direct light transmittance (or positive light transmittance) TL; b. Diffuse light transmittance measured by (i) "haze" and (ii) "transparency": "haze" corresponds to the diffuse transmittance in wide-angle scattering, while "transparency" corresponds to the diffuse transmittance in narrow-angle scattering; and c. A gloss that characterizes the brightness or gloss of a surface, in particular, the specular reflectance of the surface against a standard compliant with ASTM standard D523 at a particular angle (e.g., a certified black glass standard), which is expressed in units of SGU (Standard Gloss Units).

[0076] Unless otherwise specified, all optical properties are measured for the etched and ion-implanted glass dashboard portion of the present invention, which does not have additional coatings or surface treatments on the surface opposite to the first etched and ion-implanted surface, and is not laminated to a dashboard structure.

[0077] In the context of light transmittance, the term "diffusion" refers to the ratio of light deflected from the incident beam due to scattering exceeding 2.5° as light passes through glass. In the context of light reflection, the term "diffusion" refers to the ratio of light deflected from the specularly reflected beam due to scattering exceeding 2.5° at the glass / air interface.

[0078] The optical properties of the glass dashboard portion are measured from the first surface that has been etched and ion-implanted in this invention.

[0079] According to one advantageous embodiment of the present invention, depending on the selected application, the glass dashboard portion has a haze of 1 to 40%. More preferably, the glass dashboard portion has a haze of 1 to 35%.

[0080] According to another advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the glass dashboard portion has a transparency of 20-100%. According to another advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the glass dashboard portion has a transparency of 40-80%.

[0081] According to one advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the glass dashboard portion has a gross value of 10 to 40 SGU at 60°. According to one advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the glass dashboard portion has a gross value of 20 to 35 SGU at 60°.

[0082] According to one advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the glass dashboard portion is measured over an evaluation length of 12 mm using a Gaussian filter with a cutoff wavelength of 0.8 mm: • 0.05 μm ≤ Ra ≤ 0.4 μm, preferably 0.14 μm ≤ Ra ≤ 0.4 μm. • 0.010 μm ≤ RSm ≤ 0.060 μm, preferably 0.015 μm ≤ RSm ≤ 0.060 μm. Having a surface roughness defined by, The above glass dashboard portion, advantageously measured from the first surface which has been etched and ion-implanted, exhibits the following optical properties: • A haze value of 1-40%, preferably 1-35%; • Transparency value of 20-100%, preferably 40-80%; • Gross value of 10 to 40 SGU, preferably 20 to 35 SGU, at 60°. It can have.

[0083] To quantify the transmittance of glass in the visible range, the inventors define the light transmittance (TL) calculated at wavelengths between 380 and 780 nm in accordance with ISO 9050 standards and measured using a D65 light source, such as that defined by ISO / CIE 10526 standards, taking into account the colorimetric standard observer CIE 1931 as defined by ISO / CIE 10527 standards, at a stereoscopic viewing angle of 2°. The glass dashboard portion according to the present invention preferably has a light transmittance TL of at least 85%, preferably at least 90%.

[0084] The glass dashboard portion according to the present invention is made of glass whose matrix composition is not particularly limited and therefore may belong to different glass classifications. The glass may be soda-lime silicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, borosilicate glass, etc. Preferably, the glass dashboard portion of the present invention is made of soda-lime glass or aluminosilicate glass.

[0085] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the glass dashboard portion has a composition of content expressed as a percentage of the total weight of the glass, as shown in Table 1 below.

[0086] TIFF0007911056000001.tif112170

[0087] Such soda-lime type basic glass compositions have the advantage of being inexpensive, even if they themselves have low mechanical resistance. Ideally, according to this last embodiment, the glass composition does not contain B2O3 (meaning it is not intentionally added, but may be present as a very small amount of undesirable impurity).

[0088] In another, more preferred method, the glass dashboard portion has a composition containing, in percentage terms of the total weight of the glass: SiO25 5-70%; Al2O3 6-18%; B2O3 0-4%; CaO 0-10%; MgO 0-10%; Na2O 5-20%; K2O 0-10%; BaO 0-5%.

[0089] Such aluminosilicate-type basic glass compositions have the advantage of higher mechanical resistance, but are more expensive than soda-lime glass. Ideally, according to this last embodiment, the glass composition does not contain B2O3 (meaning it is not intentionally added, but may be present as a very small amount of undesirable impurity).

[0090] According to one advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the glass dashboard portion has a composition containing a total iron (represented as Fe2O3) content in the range of 0.002 to 0.06 wt%, which can be combined with the above embodiment regarding the basic glass composition. A total iron (represented as Fe2O3) content of 0.06 wt% or less makes it possible to obtain a glass dashboard portion that is almost colorless, allowing for a high degree of freedom in aesthetic design. Such low iron values ​​often require expensive and very pure starting materials, and also require their purification, so the above minimum value makes it possible not to excessively affect the cost of the glass. Preferably, the composition contains a total iron (represented as Fe2O3) content in the range of 0.002 to 0.04 wt%. More preferably, the composition contains a total iron (represented as Fe2O3) content in the range of 0.002 to 0.02 wt%. In most preferred embodiments, the composition contains a total iron (represented as Fe2O3) content in the range of 0.002 to 0.015 wt%.

[0091] According to one preferred embodiment, the glass dashboard portion of the present invention is a float glass plate. The term “float glass plate” is understood to mean a glass plate formed by the float process, which involves pouring molten glass onto a molten tin bath under reducing conditions. Float glass plates, in well known methods, include a “tin surface,” i.e., a tin-rich surface in the glass body near the surface of the plate. The term “tin-rich” is understood to mean an increase in the tin concentration relative to the glass composition in the center, which may be substantially zero (tin-free) or non-zero. Thus, float glass plates can be easily distinguished from plates obtained by other glass manufacturing methods, in particular by the tin oxide content, which can be measured, for example, by an electron microprobe to a depth of about 10 μm.

[0092] According to another preferred embodiment, the glass dashboard portion of the present invention is a glass sheet formed by a slot-draw method or a fusion method, particularly an overflow-down-draw fusion method. These methods, particularly the fusion method, produce glass sheets that can achieve the excellent flatness and smoothness required for several applications on the surface, but they are more expensive than the float method for large-scale glass production.

[0093] The glass dashboard portion according to the present invention can have a thickness of 0.1 to 25 mm. Advantageously, the glass dashboard portion according to the present invention has a thickness of 0.1 to 6 mm. More advantageously, particularly when the shape of the dashboard requires bending, the thickness of the glass dashboard portion according to the present invention is 0.1 to 2.2 mm.

[0094] The present invention also relates to glass dashboard portions that are chemically strengthened / cured or thermally strengthened. All embodiments described above also apply to the present invention for glass dashboard portions that are chemically strengthened / cured or thermally strengthened.

[0095] According to one embodiment, the present invention relates to a head-up display system for a vehicle, comprising: a windshield comprising a glass dashboard portion of the present invention and first and second substantially parallel and spaced substrates sandwiching an intermediate layer comprising a polymer; and an image source configured to direct rays of light corresponding to an image formed on the windshield, the rays of which are directed through the glass dashboard portion to the windshield, the first surface of the glass dashboard facing the windshield and being etched and ion-implanted, and the second surface opposite to the first surface facing the image source. The glass dashboard portion may include any of the above embodiments or any possible combination thereof.

[0096] In one embodiment, the head-up display system of the present invention includes an image source from which p-polarized light rays are directed toward the windshield.

[0097] In one embodiment, the head-up display system of the present invention further includes a low-E coating on the windshield.

[0098] In one embodiment, the head-up display system of the present invention includes a coating that selectively reflects p-polarized light on at least a portion of the surface facing the glass dashboard portion. [Examples]

[0099] Reference example R1 is a flat glass plate manufactured by a method disclosed in European Patent Application Publication No. 3166900 A1, which is incorporated herein by reference, with one main surface being chemically etched. R1 is manufactured from clear soda-lime float glass with a thickness of 1.1 mm.

[0100] Starting from reference example R1 with various parameters detailed in the table below, samples 1 and 2 according to the present invention were prepared using an RCE ion source to generate beams of monovalent and polyvalent ions of N. The ion source used was the Ionics SA Hardion+RCE ion source.

[0101] All samples are 26 x 56 cm. 2 ~56×56cm 2 The entire etching surface was processed by moving the glass substrate, which had a size such that it passed through the ion beam at a speed of 20-80 mm / s.

[0102] The temperature of the glass substrate region being processed was maintained below the glass transition temperature of the glass substrate.

[0103] For all samples, the injection is 10 -6 The procedure was performed in a vacuum chamber under a pressure of mbar.

[0104] TIFF0007911056000002.tif44170

[0105] Comparative Example C1 has the following layer order, with the thickness indicated in parentheses: glass / TiO x (13nm) / SiO2(39nm) / Nb2O3(110nm) / SiO2(65nm) / Ti 65 Zr 35 O x (6nm) can be formed on R1 by depositing by magnetron sputtering. This is a four-layer anti-reflective coating with a protective overcoat. Although it does not significantly change the comparative results, TiOx and Nb2O3 can be used interchangeably, Ti 65 Zr 35 O x The layers are mostly used for mechanical resistance and not for optical contribution, so they can be omitted.

[0106] We analyzed the texture / surface roughness and optical properties of each glass dashboard section.

[0107] Surface roughness was measured using a Leica Type DCM3D 3D optical profiler and "Leica map" software, with a Gaussian filter having a cutoff wavelength of 0.8 mm for an evaluation length of 12 mm. First, the sample was washed with detergent and dried. Then it was placed under the microscope, and after the conventional setup, 2D profile acquisition was started (the software uses a default cutoff wavelength λ of 2.5 μm).

[0108] Haze and transparency measurements were performed using light source A2 in accordance with ASTM standard D1003-11.

[0109] Using a certified black glass standard with a gloss of 96.0 at 60°, gloss measurements were performed at a specific angle of 60° in accordance with ASTM standard D523-14.

[0110] Sparkle is the result of the interaction between two structural layers: the pixel matrix of the display and the irregular surface structure of the etched surface. The sparkle effect is measured using the SMS-1000 instrument, in accordance with the method disclosed by Display-Messtechnik & Systeme. To evaluate sparkle intensity, modulation caused by the display's pixel matrix must be separated from the irregular intensity modulation caused by the sparkle. A numerical image of the display's glass surface is recorded for two different exposures corresponding to limited translations. A difference image is formed. The level of sparkle is evaluated by dividing the standard deviation of a selected range within the sparkle region by the mean value of one of the same ranges in the original image.

[0111] The conditions selected for this task are as follows: • Pixel ratio 264 (at a distance of 40cm from the screen) • 1 filter · Strength 240

[0112] For sparkle measurements, each sample is placed on an Apple iPad® 4 Retina display showing a green background image, with its anti-reflective etched surface facing the camera.

[0113] Transmittance and reflectance measurements were performed using an UltraScan PRO Spectrophotometer at Hunter Associates Laboratory, Inc. Reflectance color was measured using a Perkin Elmer Lambda 950 spectrophotometer equipped with an ARTA accessory for angle-resolved reflectance measurement.

[0114] Table 2 below shows the roughness of the reference sample. The roughness values ​​are essentially the same as those after injection in Examples 1 and 2.

[0115] TIFF0007911056000003.tif29170

[0116] The resulting optical properties are summarized in Table 3 below.

[0117] TIFF0007911056000004.tif40170

[0118] As can be seen, most optical properties remain the same, but the reflected color changes only slightly, and the light transmittance (TL) increases by only 2-3% due to the reduction in light reflection.

[0119] To evaluate different samples as if they were glass dashboards, we used Eclat Digital's virtual prototyping software 'Ocean'. This software provides realistic renderings based on the physical properties of the materials used, enabling quantitative evaluation of optical properties in complex three-dimensional environments.

[0120] The reflectance of the different samples described above was measured at various angles across the entire visible spectrum, and it was found that the simulation results using 'Ocean' fell within 0.1% of the measured values.

[0121] A two-dimensional cross-section of the evaluation configuration is shown in Figure 5. Light (505) from a light source strikes the first surface of a flat dashboard glass sample (501) at an angle of 20° with respect to the surface normal of the dashboard glass sample. The first surface is either the first surface etched and ion-implanted according to the present invention, or the first surface having a multilayer anti-reflective coating; the second opposite surface is exposed to air. The incident light (505) is partially reflected by the first surface and partially reflected by the second surface. The combined specular reflection from both surfaces (506) strikes the inner surface of the windshield (503) at an angle of 60° with respect to the surface normal of the windshield, is reflected toward the driver's intended position (504), and is measured at this position.

[0122] In this first configuration, the windshield is a laminated glazing consisting of a first glass dashboard section of 2.1 mm thick green glass, a 0.76 mm thick polyvinyl butyral sheet, and a 1.6 mm thick clear glass, extending from the outside to the inside of the vehicle. Furthermore, the incident light (505) is close to actual sunlight using Hosek-Wilkie environment simulated sunlight and ambient illumination of the Earth's surface. As can be seen from Figure 6, the light intensity I measured at the driver's position (504) is lowest for sample 2 (601), highest for sample 1 (603), and somewhere in between for sample C1 (602), for most of the wavelength range of 410-730 nm. The intensity curves for samples 1 and 2 are flat or continuously decreasing for most of the visible wavelength range, while C1 shows a sharp increase in intensity at wavelengths of 660 nm-780 nm. This is interpreted as an increase in reflected light in the red wavelength range for C1, and therefore less achromatic reflected light than for samples 1 and 2.

[0123] In the second evaluation configuration shown in Figure 7, light (706) from a head-up display (HUD) light source (702) attached to the glass dashboard sample (701) being evaluated travels across the sample towards the windshield (703). The surface opposite the head-up display light source (702) is either an etched first surface that has been etched and ion-implanted, or a surface with a multilayer anti-reflective coating. The light (706) is reflected by the windshield (703), and the amount of light reaching the driver's position (705) is evaluated.

[0124] When the HUD light (706) is unpolarized, the relative amount of light reaching the driver's position (705) is 108% for C1 and Sample 1, and 110% for Sample 2, compared to the reference R1 or R2 (set to 100%), respectively.

[0125] When the HUD light (706) is p-polarized, the relative amount of light reaching the driver's position (705) is 103% for C1 and Sample 2 and 106% for Sample 1, compared to the reference R1 or R2 (set to 100%), respectively. In this case, a coating designed to reflect p-polarized light can be deposited on the inner surface of the windshield.

[0126] Furthermore, when the HUD light (706) is p-polarized, as shown in Figure 8, the light transmittance of C1 (802) decreases significantly at both ends of the visible spectrum. This situation becomes difficult to handle when similar luminosity is desired across the entire visible spectrum. In the case of samples 1 (803) and 2 (801), the light transmittance is not always higher than that of C1, but the difference between the maximum and minimum transmittance of these samples is less than 5% across the entire visible wavelength range.

Claims

1. A baling glare reduction system for a vehicle having a windshield and a dashboard, wherein the baling glare reduction system is a. A windshield having an inner surface and an outer surface through which light can pass, b. Including a glass dashboard portion that reflects light passing through the windshield, c. The first surface of the glass dashboard portion faces the windshield and is etched and ion implanted. d. When the first surface of the glass dashboard is measured using a Gaussian filter with an evaluation length of 12 mm and a cutoff wavelength of 0.8 mm: 0.01μm≦RSm≦0.08μm A baying glare reduction system that is given a roughness that results in this.

2. When the first surface of the glass dashboard is measured using a Gaussian filter with an evaluation length of 12 mm and a cutoff wavelength of 0.8 mm: a. 0.02 μm ≤ Ra ≤ 0.60 μm, and b. 0.1μm≦Rz≦3.0μm, The baying glare reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is given a roughness such as the above.

3. When measured from the first surface, with the opposite surface exposed to air, the glass dashboard portion exhibits the following optical properties: a. Haze value of 1-85%, b. Transparency values ​​of 10-80% c. Gross values ​​of 10 to 50 SGU at 60°, and d. Visible light reflectance of 7–4.5% The baying glare reduction system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by having the following:

4. The implanted ions are selected from positively charged ions of O, N, He, Ne, Ar, or Kr, and / or the implanted ions are present to a depth of 0.1 μm to 1 μm near the first surface, and / or the amount of implanted ions is 5 × 10⁻¹⁰ １４ Ion s / cm ２ ~10 １８ Ion s / cm ２ The baying glare reduction system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is the same as the one described above.

5. The baying glare reduction system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a dashboard support structure, wherein a glass dashboard portion is at least partially laminated to the dashboard support structure.

6. A baying glare reduction system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 0.14 μm ≤ Ra ≤ 0.4 μm and 0.015 μm ≤ RSm ≤ 0.060 μm.

7. The baling glare reduction system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, when measured from a first surface with the opposite surface exposed to air, the glass dashboard portion has the following optical properties: a haze value of 1 to 40%; a transparency value of 20 to 80%; and a gloss value of 10 to 40 SGU at 60°.

8. The baying glare reduction system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the glass dashboard portion and the windshield are arranged such that light passing through the windshield and reflected off the glass dashboard surface is partially reflected toward the driver's position by the inner windshield surface.

9. A vehicle having the vehicle glare reduction system according to claim 1 or 2.

10. A method for reducing baling glare in a vehicle having a windshield and glass dashboard portion: a. Allowing light to pass through the windshield; b. Light passing through the windshield is directed onto the surface of the glass dashboard and reflected by the surface of the glass dashboard; c. Diffusing light reflected by the glass dashboard portion including the glass substrate, wherein the glass substrate has a first surface that is etched and ion-implanted and contains ions implanted in a layer adjacent to the first substrate surface in the substrate, and the first surface is given a roughness such that 0.01 μm ≤ RSm ≤ 0.08 μm when measured using a Gaussian filter with an evaluation length of 12 mm and a cutoff wavelength of 0.8 mm, and the light is diffusely reflected from the glass dashboard portion by the first surface. A method that includes this.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the glass dashboard portion and the windshield are arranged such that light passing through the windshield and reflected off the glass dashboard surface is partially reflected toward the driver's position by the inner windshield surface.

12. A head-up display system for a vehicle, comprising the baying glare reduction system described in claim 1, a. The windshield comprises first and second substantially parallel and spaced substrates with a polymer-containing intermediate layer in between; b. The image source is configured such that light rays corresponding to the image formed on the windshield are directed toward it, and the light rays pass through the glass dashboard portion and head toward the windshield. A head-up display system in which the second surface of the glass dashboard, opposite to the first surface, faces the image source.

13. The head-up display system according to claim 12, wherein the light rays directed by the image source are p-polarized.

14. The head-up display system according to any one of claims 12 or 13, wherein the windshield further includes a low E coating.

15. The head-up display system according to any one of claims 12 or 13, wherein the windshield includes a coating on at least a portion of the surface facing the glass dashboard portion that selectively reflects p-polarized light.

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