Buildings, walls, and construction methods

Abstract

To provide a building and a construction method enabling human work for construction to be reduced and a construction period to be shortened and a wall body optimal for the building and the construction method.SOLUTION: A building B of the invention has an external wall W that is formed of a plurality of self-supportable wall bodies 1 molded by a 3D printer 100 and placed on a foundation F installed on a ground G, and a concrete floor 2 formed of concrete placed on the ground inside the external wall W by using the external wall W as a concrete form. A construction method of the invention includes an external wall formation step to form the external wall W by aligning and installing the plurality of self-supportable wall bodies 1 molded by the 3D printer 100 on the foundation F installed on the ground G, and a concrete floor formation step to form the concrete floor 2 by placing the concrete inside the external wall W by using the external wall W formed in the external wall formation step as the concrete form.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to buildings, walls, and construction methods. [Background technology]

[0002] When constructing a building, a foundation is installed in the ground to transfer the load from the building to the ground and support the building. Then, concrete is poured on the ground inside the foundation to form a concrete floor, also known as a floor slab. Such a concrete floor may also function as a pressure-resistant plate that supports the load of the building together with the foundation.

[0003] To form a concrete floor on the ground, for example, lean concrete is poured onto crushed stone placed on the ground, a foundation is formed on the lean concrete, reinforcing bars are placed on the ground inside the foundation, formwork is installed, and concrete is poured into the formwork to form the concrete floor (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-297865 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] As mentioned above, the construction of a building requires the installation of formwork necessary for pouring concrete floors, and the removal of formwork after the concrete has hardened. Thus, in conventional buildings and construction methods, the installation and removal of formwork in the foundation work is essential, which increases labor costs, lengthens the construction period, and raises the overall cost of the building.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a building and construction method that enable a reduction in labor costs and a shortening of construction period, as well as a wall suitable for said building and construction method. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the building of the present invention comprises an exterior wall formed from multiple self-supporting wall bodies created by a cement-based mixed fluid injected by a 3D printer, which is placed on a foundation installed on the ground, and a concrete floor formed from concrete poured onto the ground inside the exterior wall using the exterior wall as formwork.

[0008] In a building constructed in this manner, the exterior walls are formed by arranging self-supporting wall bodies, and since the wall bodies are formed by the solidification of a cement-based mixed fluid, the exterior walls can be treated in the same way as the foundation, and therefore can be used as formwork for forming concrete floors.

[0009] Furthermore, the building may have multiple steel columns erected on the inside of the exterior wall and connected to the foundation, and the wall body may have reinforcing bars embedded during 3D printing, with the reinforcing bars being fastened to the steel columns to fix the exterior wall to the steel columns. With a building constructed in this way, the exterior wall is fastened to and integrated with the steel columns that form the structure of the building, and the building has a structure similar to that of a steel frame building, so the steel columns compensate for any insufficient tensile strength of the exterior wall, making it sturdy.

[0010] Furthermore, the walls of a building may have bulging sections that extend outward from the exterior wall to accommodate steel columns. With a building constructed in this way, the steel columns can be housed in the recesses on the interior side of the bulging sections of the wall, so that the steel columns do not get in the way in the interior enclosed by the exterior wall, and a large interior space can be secured.

[0011] Furthermore, the exterior wall may have a portion formed by stacking wall bodies vertically, with through-holes penetrating the wall bodies vertically, and the through-holes in the lower wall body and the through-holes in the upper wall body stacked above the lower wall body being in vertical communication with each other. The building may also be equipped with reinforcing bars for wall body connection inserted into the through-holes and mortar filled into the through-holes. With a building constructed in this manner, the exterior wall can be made taller by stacking and connecting wall bodies vertically, and the tensile strength of the vertically stacked wall bodies can be improved because the wall bodies fabricated by the 3D printer are connected by reinforcing bars for wall body connection.

[0012] Furthermore, the building may be provided with a filler to fill the gaps between adjacent walls in the horizontal direction on the exterior wall. With a building constructed in this way, when the building vibrates due to seismic motion, adjacent walls are allowed to vibrate independently, thus suppressing cracks and damage to the exterior wall formed by the walls.

[0013] Furthermore, the wall structure is Self-sufficient It is created using a cement-based mixed fluid that is extruded by a 3D printer. In an independent state In the middle of the horizontal direction wall thickness It bulges out in one direction, wall thickness A recess is formed on the other side of the direction. While extending vertically It is equipped with a bulging section. By having a bulging section in the wall, the self-supporting ability of the wall is improved even if the wall thickness is thin, allowing it to be stably installed on the foundation, and the design freedom of the wall shape is also improved, thus improving the design freedom of the exterior wall shape.

[0014] Furthermore, the wall may be provided with multiple reinforcing bars protruding into the recesses formed by the bulging portions. With a wall constructed in this manner, a steel-framed building can be realized by fastening it to steel columns erected in the recesses using the reinforcing bars. In addition, since the reinforcing bars can be bent or otherwise aligned with the steel columns, some displacement of the wall's position can be tolerated, allowing for flexible adjustments at the construction site.

[0015] Furthermore, the construction method involves an exterior wall formation process, in which multiple self-supporting wall bodies, formed from a cement-based mixed fluid injected by a 3D printer, are arranged and installed on a foundation placed on the ground to form the exterior wall, and a concrete floor is created by using the exterior wall formed in the exterior wall formation process as formwork and pouring concrete inside the exterior wall. formation This includes a concrete floor formation process. With this construction method, a freestanding wall is arranged to form the exterior wall, and the exterior wall is used as formwork for forming the concrete floor. Therefore, the concrete floor can be formed without installing formwork, and the installation and dismantling of formwork becomes unnecessary.

[0016] Furthermore, the construction method of this embodiment includes a steel column installation step in which steel columns are erected on a foundation inside the exterior wall formed by the exterior wall formation step, and a fastening step in which reinforcing bars pre-embedded in the wall are fastened to the steel columns. With this construction method, the exterior wall is fastened to the steel columns that form the structure of the building and integrated, so that the building has a structure similar to that of a steel frame building. As a result, the steel columns can compensate for any sufficient tensile strength of the exterior wall, making the building more robust. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] According to the present invention, the building and construction method make it possible to reduce the labor involved in construction and shorten the construction period, and the wall structure according to the present invention is optimal for the aforementioned building and construction method. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0018] [Figure 1] This is a plan view of the exterior wall of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a perspective view of the exterior wall of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is an exploded perspective view of the exterior wall of a building in one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] This is a cross-sectional view of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5]This figure shows an example of a 3D printer used for fabricating the walls of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] This diagram illustrates the process of forming an exterior wall by installing wall components that make up the exterior wall on the foundation. [Figure 7] This diagram illustrates the process of erecting steel columns inside the wall structure that constitutes the lower layer of the exterior wall. [Figure 8] This diagram illustrates the concrete pouring process, which involves pouring a concrete floor inside the wall structure that constitutes the lower layer of the exterior wall. [Figure 9] This diagram illustrates the process of installing the wall components that make up the upper wall above the wall components that make up the lower wall. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0019] A building B according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the building B in one embodiment comprises an exterior wall W formed from a plurality of self-supporting wall bodies 1 created by a cement-based mixed fluid injected by a 3D printer 100 and placed on a foundation F installed on the ground G, and a concrete floor 2 formed from concrete poured on the ground inside the exterior wall W using the exterior wall W as formwork. Furthermore, the exterior wall W is fastened to a plurality of steel columns 3 erected on the foundation F and is integrated with the steel columns 3, which constitute the building structure, to form the building B.

[0020] The following describes in detail the various parts that constitute building B in one embodiment. As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the exterior wall W is formed to surround the interior by arranging a plurality of wall bodies 1 in the circumferential direction and stacking them in the vertical direction. In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, the exterior wall W is circular on the left side and rectangular on the right side in a plan view. The exterior wall W is, water Six wall units arranged in a horizontal line 1 1L ,1 2L ...1 6L Lower wall W formed by L And, lower wall W L Six wall units are stacked on top of each other and arranged horizontally.1U ,1 2U ···1 6U The upper wall W formed by U and is formed by a total of 12 wall bodies 1. In this book, when a subscript is attached to the symbol of the wall body 1, it indicates a specific wall body among the 12 wall bodies 1, and when explaining matters common to each of the wall bodies rather than a specific wall body, no subscript is attached to the symbol of the wall body or each part of the wall body.

[0021] Also, the number of the subscript of the symbol of the wall body indicates the number attached clockwise from the left side of the outer wall W in plan view, and the L of the subscript of the symbol of the wall body indicates that the wall body is the lower wall W of the outer wall W L forming the wall body, and the U of the subscript of the symbol of the wall body indicates that the wall body is the upper wall W of the outer wall W U forming the wall body. Furthermore, in this book, the left and right of the wall body 1 indicate the left and right when viewed from the indoor side surrounded by the outer wall W unless otherwise specified.

[0022] Book In the building B of the embodiment, the wall body 1 is formed of mortar ejected by the 3D printer 100. And the wall body 1 1L and the wall body 1 1U , the wall body 1 2L and the wall body 1 2U , the wall body 1 3L and the wall body 1 3U , the wall body 1 4L and the wall body 1 4U , the wall body 1 5L and the wall body 1 5U , the wall body 1 6L and the wall body 1 6U are each formed such that the mortar portions formed by the 3D printer 100 have substantially the same shape.

[0023] The wall body 1 1L ,1 1U is a mortar wall having a predetermined height and a predetermined wall thickness and formed in a substantially quarter - circular shape in plan view, and has a substantially semi - circular bulging portion 1a that bulges outward on one side that is the outer side when viewed from the indoor side surrounded by the outer wall W at the center in the circumferential direction of the outer wall W 1L ,1a 1UIt is equipped with a bulging portion 1a 1L ,1a 1U Through holes 1b that penetrate vertically on both sides in the circumferential direction. 1L ,1b 1U And a protruding portion 1c provided at the left end in the circumferential direction. 1L ,1c 1U And a protruding portion 1d is provided at the right end in the circumferential direction. 1L ,1d 1U And a part of it is a bulging part 1a 1L ,1a 1U It is embedded and fixed to the thickness of the wall forming it, and the tip is the bulging part 1a 1L ,1a 1U Multiple reinforcing bars 1e protruding inward 1L ,1e 1U It is equipped with [the following].

[0024] Swelling part 1a 1L ,1a 1U In plan view, it is semicircular and bulges outward, forming a recess on the interior side that accommodates the steel column 3, which will be described later. Bulging part 1a 1L ,1a 1U There are a total of six L-shaped reinforcing bars 1e, two at each of three different locations spaced at predetermined intervals in the height direction. 1L ,1e 1U It is embedded. Reinforcement bar 1e 1L ,1e 1U The L-shaped portion is the bulging part 1a 1L ,1a 1U The bulging part 1a is embedded inside. 1L ,1a 1U The fixing length to the tip is ensured, and the tip is the bulging part 1a 1L ,1a 1U It is installed so as to protrude radially toward the interior side. Reinforcement bar 1e 1L ,1e 1U This is the bulging part 1a 1L ,1a 1U It has a C-shape, comprising an arc-shaped portion that curves along the curve and a pair of tip portions that extend inward in a straight line from both ends of the arc-shaped portion, and one reinforcing bar 1e 1L ,1e 1U The installation may result in two tips protruding into the recess. Also, wall body 1 1L Wall 1 above1U When they are laminated, the bulging part 1a 1L is located above the bulging part 1a 1U and they face each other and overlap to form a continuous recess on the indoor side of the wall body 1 1L ,1 1U .

[0025] The through hole 1b 1L ,1b 1U penetrates the wall body 1 1L ,10 1U vertically, and is provided at the same position with respect to the wall body 1 1L ,1 1U . Therefore, when the wall bodies 1 1L ,1 1U are stacked vertically, the through holes 1b 1L ,1b 1U communicate with each other, and a pair of vertical holes penetrating the wall body 1 1L ,1a 1U are formed with the bulging part 1a 1L ,1 1U sandwiched therebetween.

[0026] The protruding part 1c 1L ,1c 1U is provided near the outer side of the left end in the circumferential direction of the wall body 1 1L ,1 1U and protrudes from the upper end to the lower end with a thickness of about 1 / 3 of the wall thickness. Also, the protruding part 1c 1L ,1c 1U is in an arc shape along the wall body 1 1L ,1 1U in plan view, and is provided to be flush with the outer surface of the wall body 1 1L ,1 1U . The protruding part 1d 1L ,1d 1U is provided near the inner side of the right end in the circumferential direction of the wall body 1 1L ,1<​​​​​​​​​​​​

[0027] wall 1 1L ,1 1U Wall 1 located to the left when viewed from the interior side 6L ,1 6U is wall 1 1L ,1 1U Similarly, bulging portion 1a 6L ,1a 6U and through hole 1b 6L ,1b 6U and protruding part 1c 6L ,1c 6U and protruding part 1d 6L ,1d 6U and multiple reinforcing bars 1e 6L ,1e 6U It is equipped with, wall 1 1L ,1 1U It has a similar shape and structure to [another product].

[0028] wall 1 2L ,1 2U is wall 1 1L ,1 1U A mortar wall having the same height and wall thickness as the exterior wall W, with a roughly semicircular bulge 1a that bulges outwards to one side when viewed from the interior side in the central part of the circumferential direction of the exterior wall W. 2L ,1a 2U It is equipped with a bulge 1a in plan view. 2L ,1a 2U The left side in the circumferential direction is wall 1 1L ,1 1U It is formed in the shape of an arc that curves with the same curvature, and the bulge portion 1a 2L ,1a 2U The right side in the circumferential direction is formed in a straight line. Also, the lower wall W L Wall 1 that forms part of the wall 2L The upper right side has a rectangular notch 1f 2L Equipped with upper wall W U Wall 1 that forms part of the wall 2U The rightmost side has a rectangular notch 1f 2U It is equipped with a wall 1 2L ,1 2U This is the bulging part 1a 2L ,1a 2UThrough holes 1b that penetrate vertically on both sides in the circumferential direction. 2L ,1b 2U And a protruding portion 1c provided at the left end in the circumferential direction. 2L ,1c 2U And a protruding portion 1d is provided at the right end in the circumferential direction. 2L ,1d 2U The base end is the bulging part 1a 2L ,1a 2U It is inserted into and fixed to the thickness of the wall forming the part, and the tip is the bulging part 1a 2L ,1a 2U Multiple reinforcing bars 1e protruding inward 2L ,1e 2U It is equipped with [the following].

[0029] Swelling part 1a 2L ,1a 2U In plan view, it is arc-shaped and bulges outward, forming a recess on the interior side that accommodates the steel column 3, which will be described later. Bulging part 1a 2L ,1a 2U Wall 1 1L ,1 1U Similarly, a total of six L-shaped reinforcing bars 1e are placed in the designated positions. 2L ,1e 2U bulging part 1a 2L ,1a 2U It is installed so as to protrude radially toward the interior side. Also, wall 1 2L Wall 1 above 2U When stacked, the bulge portion 1a 2L Bulging portion 1a 2U They face each other and overlap to form wall 1 2L ,1 2U A continuous recess is formed on the interior side. Reinforcement bar 1e 2L ,1e 2U is reinforcing bar 1e 1L ,1e 1U Similarly, it is described as L-shaped, but it may also be C-shaped as described above.

[0030] Through hole 1b 2L ,1b 2U is wall 1 2L ,1 2U It penetrates vertically, and wall 1 2L ,12U is provided at the same position with respect to it. Therefore, the wall 2L ,1 2U is stacked vertically, and the through holes 1b 2L ,1b 2U communicate with each other, and a pair of vertical holes passing through the wall 1 2L ,1a 2U are formed with the bulging portion 1a 2L ,1 2U sandwiched therebetween.

[0031] [[ID=2»]]The protruding portion 1c 2L ,1c 2U is provided near the outer side of the left end in the circumferential direction of the wall 1 2L ,1 2U and protrudes from the upper end to the lower end with a thickness of about 1 / 3 of the wall thickness. Also, the protruding portion 1c 2L ,1c 2U is arc-shaped along the left side of the bulging portion 1a 2L ,1 2U of the wall 1 2L ,1a 2U and is provided flush with the outer surface of the wall 1 2L ,1 2U . The protruding portion 1d 2L ,1d 2U is provided flush with the inner surface of the wall 1 2L ,1 2U except for the notch 1f 3L ,1f 3U at the right end of the wall 1 2L ,1 2U and protrudes vertically from the right end with a thickness of about 1 / 3 of the wall thickness.

[0032] The notch 1f 2L is a rectangular notch that cuts off the upper right corner of the wall 1 L forming a part of the lower layer wall W. The notch 1f 2L is a rectangular notch that cuts off the lower right corner of the wall 1 2U forming a part of the upper layer wall W U and is formed with the same width as the notch 1f 2U . Therefore, above the wall 1 2L a wall 1 2L is provided.2U When laminated, the notch 1f 2L , 1f 2U communicates with each other, and a rectangular opening is formed at the right end of the laminated wall 1 2L , 1 2U .

[0033] The wall 1 3L , 1 3U is a mortar wall having the same height and the same wall thickness as the wall 1 1L , 1 1U and having a substantially L-shaped plan view, and having a substantially semicircular bulging portion 1a that bulges toward the outer side when viewed from the indoor side at the central portion in the circumferential direction of the outer wall W 3L , 1a 3U . Also, the wall forming a part of the lower wall W L 1 3L has a rectangular notch 1f on the upper side of the left end 3L and a rectangular notch 1g on the upper side of the right end 3L . The wall 1 forming a part of the upper wall W U 3U has a rectangular notch 1f on the lower side of the left end 3U and a rectangular notch 1g on the lower side of the right end 3U . Further, the wall 1 3L , 1 3U has through holes 1b penetrating vertically on both sides in the circumferential direction of the bulging portion 1a 3L , 1a 3U , 1b 3L , 1b 3U , a protruding portion 1c provided at the left end in the circumferential direction and protruding 3L , 1c 3U , a protruding portion 1d provided at the right end in the circumferential direction and protruding 3L , 1d 3U , and a plurality of reinforcing bars 1e whose base ends are inserted and fixed with respect to the wall thickness of the wall forming the bulging portion 1a 3L , 1a 3U and whose tips protrude into the bulging portion 1a 3L , 1a 3U . 3L , 1e 3U .

[0034] ​​Swelling part 1a 3L ,1a 3U In plan view, it has a shape that is approximately the same as the arc of a fan with a central angle of 270 degrees, and it bulges outward, forming a recess on the interior side that accommodates the steel column 3 described later. Bulging part 1a 3L ,1a 3U Wall 1 1L ,1 1U Similarly, a total of six L-shaped reinforcing bars 1e are placed in the designated positions. 3L ,1e 3U bulging part 1a 3L ,1a 3U It is installed so as to protrude radially toward the interior side. Also, wall 1 3L Wall 1 above 3U When stacked, the bulge portion 1a 3L Bulging portion 1a 3U They face each other and overlap to form wall 1 3L ,1 3U A continuous recess is formed on the interior side. Reinforcement bar 1e 3L ,1e 3U is reinforcing bar 1e 1L ,1e 1U Similarly, it is described as L-shaped, but it may also be C-shaped as described above.

[0035] Through hole 1b 3L ,1b 3U is wall 1 3L ,1 3U It penetrates vertically, and wall 1 3L ,1 3U It is provided in the same position relative to the wall 1. 3L ,1 3U When stacked vertically, a through hole 1b is formed. 3L ,1b 3U They are connected to each other, and the bulging portion 1a 3L ,1a 3U Wall 1 on either side 3L ,1 3U It forms a pair of vertical holes that penetrate from top to bottom.

[0036] Projection part 1c 3L ,1c 3U is wall 1 3L ,1 3U The notch 1f at the left end 3L ,1f3U Except for the outer wall 1 3L ,1 3U It is provided so as to be flush with the outer surface and protrudes vertically from the left end with a thickness of about 1 / 3 of the wall thickness. (Protruding part 1d) 3L ,1d 3U is wall 1 3L ,1 3U The notch at the right end, 1g 3L 1g 3U Except for the wall 1 located closer to the inside 3L ,1 3U It is positioned flush with the inner surface and protrudes vertically from the right end, with a thickness of about one-third of the wall thickness.

[0037] Notch 1f 3L is the lower wall W L Wall 1 that forms part of the wall 3L It has a rectangular notch that cuts off the upper left corner. Notch 1f 3U is the upper wall W U Wall 1 that forms part of the wall 3U It is a rectangular notch that cuts off the lower left corner, notch 1f 3L It is formed with the same width as the wall 1. 3L Wall 1 above 3U When stacked, the notch 1f 3L ,1f 3U These are connected to each other, forming a stacked wall 1 3L ,1 3U A rectangular opening is formed at the left end. Also, a notch 1g 3L is the lower wall W L Wall 1 that forms part of the wall 3L It has a rectangular notch cut off at the upper right corner. Notch portion 1g 3U is the upper wall W U Wall 1 that forms part of the wall 3U of right The lower corner of the end is cut off in a rectangular notch, with a notch portion of 1g. 3L It is formed with the same width as the wall 1. 3L Wall 1 above 3U When stacked, the notch portion is 1g 3L 1g 3U These are connected to each other, forming a stacked wall 1 3L,1 3U A rectangular opening is formed at the right end.

[0038] wall 1 4L ,1 4U is wall 1 1L ,1 1U A mortar wall having the same height and wall thickness as the exterior wall W, and having a roughly L-shape in plan view, with a roughly semicircular bulge 1a that bulges outwards to one side when viewed from the interior side in the central part of the circumferential direction of the exterior wall W. 4L ,1a 4U It is equipped with.

[0039] Also, the lower wall W L Wall 1 that forms part of the wall 4L The upper left side has a rectangular notch. 1f 4L It is equipped with: Wall 1 4L Bulging portion 1a 4L The length to the right of wall 1 4L Wall 1 stacked above 4U bulging portion 1a 4U Shorter than the length to the right. Upper wall W U Wall 1 that forms part of the wall 4U The left end has a rectangular notch 1f 4U It is equipped with a rectangular notch 1g on the lower right side. 4U It is equipped with.

[0040] Furthermore, wall 1 4L ,1 4U This is the bulging part 1a 4L ,1a 4U Through holes 1b that penetrate vertically on both sides in the circumferential direction. 4L ,1b 4U And a protruding portion 1c provided at the left end in the circumferential direction. 4L ,1c 4U The base end is the bulging part 1a 4L ,1a 4U It is inserted into and fixed to the thickness of the wall forming the part, and the tip is the bulging part 1a 4L ,1a 4U Multiple reinforcing bars 1e protruding inward 4L ,1e 4U It is equipped with the following. Note that wall 14L At the right end, there is a protrusion. Establish Although not done, wall 1 4U At the right end, there is a protrusion 1d 4U A system is in place.

[0041] Swelling part 1a 4L ,1a 4U In plan view, it has a shape that is approximately the same as the arc of a fan with a central angle of 270 degrees, and it bulges outward, forming a recess on the interior side that accommodates the steel column 3 described later. Bulging part 1a 4L ,1a 4U Wall 1 1L ,1 1U Similarly, a total of six L-shaped reinforcing bars 1e are placed in the designated positions. 4L ,1e 4U bulging part 1a 4L ,1a 4U It is installed so as to protrude radially toward the interior side. Also, wall 1 4L Wall 1 above 4U When stacked, the bulge portion 1a 4L Bulging portion 1a 4U They face each other and overlap to form wall 1 4L ,1 4U A continuous recess is formed on the interior side. Reinforcement bar 1e 4L ,1e 4U is reinforcing bar 1e 1L ,1e 1U Similarly, it is described as L-shaped, but it may also be C-shaped as described above.

[0042] Through hole 1b 4L ,1b 4U is wall 1 4L ,1 4U It penetrates vertically, and wall 1 4L ,1 4U It is provided in the same position relative to the wall 1. 4L ,1 4U When stacked vertically, a through hole 1b is formed. 4L ,1b 4U They are connected to each other, and the bulging portion 1a 4L ,1a 4U Wall 1 on either side 4L ,1 4U It forms a pair of vertical holes that penetrate from top to bottom.

[0043] Projection part 1c 4L ,1c 4U is wall 1 4L ,1 4U The notch 1f at the left end 4L ,1f 4U Except for the outer wall 1 4L ,1 4U It is provided so as to be flush with the outer surface and protrudes vertically from the left end with a thickness of about 1 / 3 of the wall thickness. (Protruding part 1d) 4U is wall 1 4L ,1 4U The notch at the right end, 1g 4U Except for the wall 1 located closer to the inside 4L ,1 4U It is positioned flush with the inner surface and protrudes vertically from the right end, with a thickness of about one-third of the wall thickness.

[0044] Notch 1f 4L is the lower wall W L Wall 1 that forms part of the wall 4L It has a rectangular notch that cuts off the upper left corner. Notch 1f 4U is the upper wall W U Wall 1 that forms part of the wall 4U It is a rectangular notch that cuts off the lower left corner, notch 1f 4L It is formed with the same width as the wall 1. 4L Wall 1 above 4U When stacked, the notch 1f 4L ,1f 4U These are connected to each other, forming a stacked wall 1 4L ,1 4U A rectangular opening is formed at the left end.

[0045] Also, the lower wall W L Wall 1 that forms part of the wall 4L bulging portion 1a 4L The length to the right of this is the upper wall W U Wall 1 that forms part of the wall 4U bulging portion 1a 4U The notched part is 1g 4U Width and protrusion 1d 4UIt is shortened by the sum of its lengths. Therefore, wall 1 4L Wall 1 above 4U When stacked, wall 1 4L Right end and notch 1g 4U The right end of the wall 1 is flush with the wall 1 4L ,1 4U It forms a single rectangular opening at the right end, with the bottom open.

[0046] wall 1 5L ,1 5U is wall 1 1L ,1 1U A mortar wall having the same height and wall thickness as the exterior wall W, with a roughly semicircular bulge 1a that bulges outwards to one side when viewed from the interior side in the central part of the circumferential direction of the exterior wall W. 5L ,1a 5U It is equipped with a bulge 1a in plan view. 5L ,1a 5U The right side in the circumferential direction is formed in a straight line, and the bulging portion 1a 5L ,1a 5U The right side in the circumferential direction is wall 1 6L ,1 6U It is formed in the shape of a curved arc with the same curvature as [the other curve].

[0047] Also, the lower wall W L Wall 1 that forms part of the wall 5L Bulging part 1a 5L The length to the left of wall 1 5L Wall 1 stacked above 5U bulging portion 1a 5U It is shorter than the length to the left of it. Also, the upper wall W U Wall 1 that forms part of the wall 5U The left end has a rectangular notch 1f 5U It is equipped with 。

[0048] Furthermore, wall 1 5L ,1 5U This is the bulging part 1a 5L ,1a 5U Through holes 1b that penetrate vertically on both sides in the circumferential direction. 5L ,1b 5UAnd a protruding portion 1d is provided at the right end in the circumferential direction. 5L ,1d 5U The base end is the bulging part 1a 5L ,1a 5U It is inserted into and fixed against the thickness of the wall forming it, and the tip is a bulging part 1a 5L ,1a 5U Multiple reinforcing bars protruding inward 1e 5L ,1e 5U It is equipped with the following. Note that wall 1 5L At the left end, there is a protrusion. Establish Although not done, wall 1 5U At the left end, there is a protruding part 1c 5U A system is in place.

[0049] Swelling part 1a 5L ,1a 5U In plan view, it is arc-shaped and bulges outward, forming a recess on the interior side that accommodates the steel column 3, which will be described later. Bulging part 1a 5L ,1a 5U Wall 1 1L ,1 1U Similarly, a total of six L-shaped reinforcing bars 1e are placed in the designated positions. 5L ,1e 5U bulging part 1a 5L ,1a 5U It is installed so as to protrude radially toward the interior side. Also, wall 1 5L Wall 1 above 5U When stacked, the bulge portion 1a 5L Bulging portion 1a 5U They face each other and overlap to form wall 1 5L ,1 5U A continuous recess is formed on the interior side. Reinforcement bar 1e 5L ,1e 5U is reinforcing bar 1e 1L ,1e 1U Similarly, it is described as L-shaped, but it may also be C-shaped as described above.

[0050] Through hole 1b 5L ,1b 5U is wall 1 5L ,1 5Uvertically penetrates, and the wall body 1 5L , 1 5U is provided at the same position with respect to. Therefore, when the wall bodies 5L , 1 5U are stacked vertically, the through holes 1b 5L , 1b 5U communicate with each other, and a pair of vertical holes that penetrate the wall body 1 5L , 1a 5U are formed with the bulging portion 1a 5L , 1 5U sandwiched therebetween.

[0051] The protruding portion 1c 5U is provided closer to the outside except for the notch 5U at the left end of the wall body 1 1f 5U and protrudes vertically from the left end of the wall body 1 with a thickness of about 1 / 3 of the wall thickness. The protruding portion 1d 5U , 1d 5L , 1d 5U is provided closer to the inside at the right end of the wall body 1 5L , 1 5U and protrudes vertically from the right end of the wall body 1 with a thickness of about 1 / 3 of the wall thickness. Also, the protruding portion 1d 5L , 1 5U protrudes with the same curvature as the right side of the bulging portion 1a 5L , 1d 5U of the wall body 1 5L , 1 5U in plan view. 5L , 1a 5U The notch 1f

[0052] is a rectangular notch that cuts off the lower left corner of the wall body 1 5U forming a part of the upper layer wall W U . Also, the length of the wall body 1 5U forming a part of the lower layer wall W L to the left of the bulging portion 1a 5L is shorter by the total length of the width of the notch 1f 5L and the protruding portion 1c U than the length of the wall body 1 5U forming a part of the upper layer wall W 5U to the left of the bulging portion 1a 5U . Therefore, the wall body 1 5U 5L ​Wall 1 above 5U When stacked, wall 1 5L of left End and notch 1f 5U The left end of the wall 1 is flush with the wall 1 5L ,1 5U It forms a single rectangular opening at the left end, with the bottom open.

[0053] Note that while six reinforcing bars 1e are provided for each wall 1, the number of reinforcing bars 1e installed for a single wall 1 can be arbitrarily changed. Also, the upper wall W U Each wall 1 that forms 1U ,1 2U ,1 3U ,1 4U ,1 5U ,1 6U is the lower wall W L Each corresponding wall 1 1L ,1 2L ,1 3L ,1 4L ,1 5L ,1 6L Since they will be stacked on top of each other using a crane or similar equipment, wall 1 is necessary to allow support from the crane's lifting equipment. 1U ,1 2U ,1 3U ,1 4U ,1 5U ,1 6U It is advisable to install multiple reinforcing bars embedded in the wall and protruding from the outside. The reinforcing bars used for suspension can be removed after the exterior wall W is completed.

[0054] Each wall 1 configured in this way is fabricated and manufactured using a 3D printer. As shown in Figure 5, the 3D printer 100 includes a hopper 101 into which mortar is fed, a nozzle 102 capable of injecting mortar, a pipe 103 connecting the hopper 101 and the nozzle 102, a pump 104 located in the middle of the pipe 103 to transport the mortar in the hopper 101 to the nozzle 102, a drive device 105 that drives the nozzle 102 forward, backward, left, right, and up and down, and a controller 106 that controls the opening and closing of the nozzle 102, the pump 104 and the drive device 105.

[0055] The mortar that is put into the hopper 101 is self-supporting when ejected from the nozzle 102 in a manner suitable for molding by the 3D printer 100, and Hard It is preferable that the mixture has high thixotropy. Although the wall 1 is made of mortar, it may also be made of various cement-based mixed fluids other than mortar, such as cement paste or concrete. If the mixed fluid has high thixotropy, it is possible to satisfy good injection of the mixed fluid by the 3D printer 100 and the self-supporting nature of the mixed fluid after injection. Therefore, it is preferable that the cement-based mixed fluid has high thixotropy.

[0056] To achieve rapid hardening with a cement-based mixed fluid, rapid hardening agents, cement hardening accelerators, and quick-setting agents can be used. To ensure that the mixed fluid maintains its desired fluidity until it is extruded from the 3D printer 100, it is advisable to mix setting retarders such as oxycarboxylic acids (citric acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid, malic acid, etc.) or their salts into the cement-containing powder.

[0057] Furthermore, when manufacturing by mixing cement-based mixed fluids, short and long fibers formed into needle shapes from synthetic resin fibers such as polypropylene fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, polyester fibers, and aramid fibers, or inorganic fibers such as steel fibers, glass fibers, silica fibers, ceramic fibers, and carbon fibers may be mixed into the cement as reinforcing materials.

[0058] The nozzle 102, although not shown in detail, includes an outlet for injecting mortar and a shutter or valve for opening and closing the outlet, the opening and closing operation of which is controlled by the controller 106. The piping 103 is provided with at least a flexible portion to allow movement within the range of motion of the nozzle 102, as the nozzle 102 moves forward, backward, left, right, up and down by the drive device 105 during the molding of the wall 1. Note that the entire piping 103 may be flexible.

[0059] Although not shown in detail, the pump 104, when driven by a motor, sucks up the mortar introduced into the hopper 101 and discharges it toward the nozzle 102. The pump 104 is, for example, a screw pump, but it is preferable to use a pump with a stable discharge rate. The pump 104 is driven and controlled by the controller 106, and discharges a predetermined flow rate of mortar toward the nozzle 102 when forming the wall 1.

[0060] The drive unit 105, although not shown in detail, comprises a cubic lattice frame, a holding unit for holding the nozzle 102, a guide device attached to the frame that guides the movement of the holding unit in the forward / backward, left / right, and up / down directions, and three motors that drive the holding unit in the forward / backward, left / right, and up / down directions. The controller 106 commands the drive unit to move the nozzle 102 in the forward / backward, left / right, and up / down directions.

[0061] In the 3D printer 100 configured in this way, when data modeling the three-dimensional shape of the wall 1 to be printed is input to the controller 106, the controller 106 divides the three-dimensional shape of the wall 1 into thin layers in the vertical direction, obtains two-dimensional data for each divided layer, and determines the printing path for each layer to create a printing procedure for the wall 1. Then, the controller 106 drives the pump 104 to supply mortar to the nozzle 102 and drives the drive device 105 according to the obtained printing procedure to move and open / close the nozzle 102 and inject the mortar. The 3D printer 100 first forms the bottom layer of the wall 1 corresponding to the two-dimensional data of the object without using a mold. Once the printing of the bottom layer is complete, the 3D printer 100 continues to form the layers to be stacked on top of it using the same procedure as described above. As the 3D printer 100 progresses in creating the wall 1 and the predetermined number of layers are printed, the 3D printer 100 stops printing, and the L-shaped portions of two reinforcing bars 1e are placed on the bulging portion 1a of the completed layers of wall 1 so that they are embedded, with the tips of each reinforcing bar 1e protruding radially into the bulging portion 1a. Then, the 3D printer 100 resumes printing, and the layers to be stacked on top of the previously completed layers are formed using the same procedure as described above. Once the predetermined number of layers are printed, the 3D printer 100 stops printing again, and the reinforcing bars 1e are placed radially on the bulging portion 1a of the completed layers of wall 1. The 3D printer 100 repeats the above procedure to print all the layers necessary for the production of wall 1. Once all the layers have been printed in this way, the production of wall 1 is complete, and a wall 1 with the reinforcing bars 1e embedded in the bulging portion 1a is obtained.

[0062] As mentioned above, the 3D printer 100 divides the three-dimensional shape of the wall 1 into thin layers in the vertical direction and prints the wall 1 by fabricating each divided layer, so that the wall 1 can stand on its own after completion.

[0063] Next, the procedure for constructing building B using the completed wall 1 will be explained. First, a foundation F is poured on the ground G on which the exterior wall W, formed by the wall 1, will be placed. The foundation F is formed by pouring concrete into reinforced formwork, although it is not shown in the diagram. As shown in Figure 1, the foundation F is shaped to be able to abut the bottom surface of the exterior wall W in at least a plan view in order to support the exterior wall W, and to be able to support the steel columns 3 that are erected in the recesses formed by the bulging portions 1a of each wall 1. Although not shown in the diagram, anchor bolts are embedded in the part where the steel columns 3 are erected to enable the connection of flanges 3a provided at the lower end of the steel columns 3.

[0064] After the construction of the foundation F is completed, prior to erecting the steel columns 3 on the foundation F, the wall body 1, which was previously manufactured by the 3D printer 100, is installed on the foundation F. First, mortar is laid on the upper surface of the foundation F where the outer wall W will be placed, and then, as shown in Figure 6, the six wall bodies 11L, 12L, 13L, 14L, 15L, and 16L of the lower wall WL are arranged in the circumferential direction to assemble the lower wall WL of the outer wall W. Since the wall bodies 11L, 12L, 13L, 14L, 15L, and 16L are self-supporting, they stand on their own after being placed on the foundation F without any support, and the lower wall WL is formed by the six wall bodies 1 (outer wall formation process). Note that, as in this embodiment, when the outer wall W is composed of a lower wall WL and an upper wall WU, the outer wall formation process, which is performed prior to the steel column installation process described later, outer wall This process may involve assembling only the lower wall WL of the W.

[0065] Adjacent lower wall W L In this structure, the wall bodies 1,1 are installed side by side in the circumferential direction with a predetermined gap between them. The protrusions 1c and 1d of adjacent wall bodies 1 are arranged so that they are staggered on the inside and outside when viewed from the interior side. As a result, the protrusions 1c and 1d face each other in a direction that penetrates the wall body 1 without interfering with each other. Therefore, a crank-shaped gap is formed between each adjacent wall body 1,1 in a plan view.

[0066] As shown in Figure 1, rock wool 8 is filled into the crank-shaped gap between adjacent wall bodies 1,1, and the gaps between the end of one wall body 1 and the protruding portion 1c of the other wall body 1, and between the protruding portion 1d of one wall body 1 and the end of the other wall body 1 are sealed by filling them with caulking material 5. In this way, the gaps between adjacent wall bodies 1,1 are filled with a filler made of flexible rock wool 8 and caulking material 5, so that when the building B vibrates due to seismic motion, the adjacent wall bodies 1,1 are allowed to vibrate independently, thereby suppressing cracks and damage to the exterior wall W formed by wall body 1. Note that glass wool may be used instead of rock wool 8 as the filler, or other elastic materials such as rubber may be used as the filler.

[0067] Note that wall 1 2L and wall 1 3L When they are adjacent, the notch 1f 2L and notch 1f 3L These two are connected to each other, and a rectangular opening is formed between them, and wall 1 2L and wall 1 3L Between them, wall 1 2L protruding part 1d 2L and wall 1 3L protruding part 1c 3L Only the crank-shaped gap between them is filled with a filler consisting of rock wool 8 and caulking material 5. Also, the wall body 1 3L and wall 1 4L When they are adjacent, the notch is 1g 3L and notch 1f 4L These two are connected to each other, and a rectangular opening is formed between them, and wall 1 3L and wall 1 4L Between them is wall 1 3L protruding part 1d 3L and wall 1 4L protruding part 1c 4L Only the crank-shaped gap between them is filled with a filler consisting of rock wool 8 and caulking material 5. 4L bulging portion 1a 4L The length of the right side is the length of wall 1 4U bulging portion 1a 4U Shorter than the length of the right side, wall 15L bulging portion 1a 5L The length on the left side is the wall 1 5U bulging portion 1a 5U Because it is shorter than the length to the right, wall 1 4L and wall 1 5L When they are adjacent, wall 1 4L The rightmost part and wall 1 5L Since the left end is far from the wall body 1, forming an opening, 4L The rightmost part and wall 1 5L The space between the left end and the left end is not filled with any material.

[0068] Thus, 6 wall bodies 1 1L ,1 2L ,1 3L ,1 4L ,1 5L ,1 6L Install it on the foundation F and lower wall W L After the assembly is complete, as shown in Figure 7, six steel columns 3 are erected on the foundation F, each positioned in a recess formed on the interior side at six bulging sections 1a of each wall body 1 (steel column installation process). Specifically, each steel column 3 is equipped with a flange 3a at its lower end, and the flange 3a is connected to anchor bolts embedded in the foundation F within the recesses at six bulging sections 1a of each wall body 1, thereby fixing and erecting it on the foundation F.

[0069] In this way, the lower wall W L After erecting six steel columns 3 on the interior side, the lower wall W of the exterior wall W is constructed as shown in Figure 8. L Using this as formwork, the lower wall W L Concrete is poured onto the ground inside to form the concrete floor 2 (concrete floor formation process). In this embodiment, the wall body 1 4L The rightmost part and wall 1 5L Since an opening is provided between the left end and the wall body 1 4L The rightmost part and wall 1 5L A barrier should be installed between the left end and the wall to prevent the concrete from leaking out. 4L The lower right edge and wall 1 5LIf the lower left end of the structure is extended to form a wall below the opening that can be used as formwork, the installation of the aforementioned weir is unnecessary.

[0070] When wall bodies 1 are arranged in this manner to form the exterior wall W, the exterior wall W is composed of independent wall bodies 1, and since wall bodies 1 are made of mortar, the exterior wall W can be treated the same as the foundation F, and can therefore be used as formwork for forming the concrete floor 2. Furthermore, the concrete floor 2 can be formed without installing formwork, eliminating the need for formwork installation and dismantling work, thus reducing the construction period.

[0071] Once the concrete floor 2 has been poured, the completed lower wall W L Reinforcing bars 6 for connecting the wall bodies are inserted into the through holes 1b of each wall body 1, and mortar 7 is filled into the through holes 1b, and the lower wall W L Mortar is laid on the upper end. The reinforcing bars 6 for connecting the wall have a length that allows them to be inserted through the entire length of the through holes 1b, 1b that connect when the upper wall 1 is stacked on the lower wall 1. Then, as shown in Figure 9, the wall 1 1L ,1 2L ,1 3L ,1 4L ,1 5L ,1 6L Above each corresponding upper wall W U Wall 1 1U ,1 2U ,1 3U ,1 4U ,1 5U ,1 6U They are lifted by a crane and stacked. Wall connection reinforcing bars 6 are connected to each wall of the upper layer. 1U ,1 2U ,1 3U ,1 4U ,1 5U ,1 6U through hole 1b 1U ,1b 2U ,1b 3U ,1b 4U ,1b 5U ,1b 6U The upper wall 1 is designed so that the reinforcing bars 6 for connecting the wall are inserted inside. 1U ,1 2U ,1 3U,1 4U ,1 5U ,1 6U Each corresponds to the lower wall 1 1L ,1 2L ,1 3L ,1 4L ,1 5L ,1 6L Align the layers from directly above and then lower them to create the stacks. Upper wall 1 1U ,1 2U ,1 3U ,1 4U ,1 5U ,1 6U Lower wall 1 1L ,1 2L ,1 3L ,1 4L ,1 5L ,1 6L When stacked, the upper wall 1 1U ,1 2U ,1 3U ,1 4U ,1 5U ,1 6U through hole 1b 1U ,1b 2U ,1b 3U ,1b 4U ,1b 5U ,1b 6U Pour mortar 7 into the hole to fill it.

[0072] Furthermore, a crank-shaped gap is formed between the ends of the upper wall sections 1,1 by the abutting of the protrusions 1c,1d, and this crank-shaped gap is filled with a filler consisting of rock wool 8 and caulking material 5.

[0073] In this way, the lower wall W L Upper wall W above U When these are stacked to form the outer wall W, the lower wall W L Wall 1 and upper wall W U Since the wall 1 is connected to the wall connecting reinforcing bars 6, the upper and lower wall 1,1 are firmly connected.

[0074] Then, after the exterior wall W is completed, steel beams 4 are placed across the upper ends of the six steel columns 3 to form a structural framework for building B using the steel columns 3 and steel beams 4. After the structure is completed, the reinforcing bars 1e embedded in the bulging portion 1a of each wall body 1 are welded to the steel columns 3 located within the same bulging portion 1a (fastening process). As a result, each wall body 1 constituting the exterior wall W is fastened to the steel columns 3 located within its own bulging portion 1a. In this way, the exterior wall W is fastened to the steel columns 3 that form the structure of building B and integrated, giving building B a structure similar to that of a steel frame building. Therefore, the tensile strength deficiency of the exterior wall W can be compensated for by the steel columns 3, resulting in a robust building B.

[0075] After the connection between the exterior wall W and the steel column 3 is completed, although not shown in the diagram, a ceiling slab is formed on the steel beam 4 and the roof finishing work is carried out. In this embodiment, the building B consists of only one floor, but if it is to have two or more floors, the same procedure as the assembly of the first floor's exterior wall W is used to stack the wall bodies 1 that form the exterior walls of the upper floors on top of the exterior wall W, and then the steel columns 3 and steel beams 4 are assembled on top of the steel column 3 and the wall bodies 1 are fastened to the steel columns 3. Also, if the building B has multiple floors, the exterior wall formation process, which is carried out prior to the steel column installation process, outer wall Of the W layers, only the lowest layer or the lowest layer exterior wall W is the lower wall W. L and upper wall W U If it is composed of the lower wall W L This process may also be considered as simply assembling the components. outer wall Of the W layers, only the lowest layer or the lowest layer exterior wall W is the lower wall W. L and upper wall W U If it is composed of the lower wall W L This concept includes the process of assembling only the steel frame. If building B has multiple floors, the steel frame column installation process in this invention refers to the process of installing the steel frame column 3 on the lowest floor.

[0076] In constructing building B according to this embodiment, since the wall body 1 that constitutes the exterior wall W is self-supporting, the wall body 1 can be placed on the foundation F without waiting for the steel columns 3 that support the wall body 1 to be installed on the foundation F. In other words, in building B according to this embodiment, a steel-framed building can be realized by installing the wall body 1 that constitutes the exterior wall W on the foundation F before installing the steel columns 3 on the foundation F, and then fastening the steel columns 3 and the wall body 1 together, so that the steel columns 3 do not get in the way when installing the wall body 1 on the foundation F.

[0077] In this embodiment, once the assembly of the outer wall W is complete, the wall body 1 2L ,1 2U ,1 3L ,1 3U Notch 1f 2L ,1f 2U ,1f 3L ,1f 3U A rectangular window opening is formed by the wall 1 3L ,1 3U ,1 4L ,1 4U 1g notch 3L 1g 3U ,1f 4L ,1f 4U A rectangular window opening is formed by the wall 1 4L ,1 5L Between the ends and wall 1 4U ,1 5U 1g of the notched part 4U ,1f 5U This forms a rectangular entrance / exit.

[0078] Then, after the roof of building B is finished, the aforementioned window opening will have a window frame (not shown in the diagram) and a shoji screen. and window and A door frame and door are installed at the entrance. . Pull Interior construction work will then be carried out inside Building B.

[0079] Furthermore, as mentioned above, the lower wall W LAlthough the steel columns 3 are erected on the foundation F after the installation and the concrete floor 2 is poured, if the steel columns 3 get in the way of assembling the exterior wall W, the steel columns 3 may be erected inside the exterior wall W and the concrete floor 2 poured after all of the wall bodies 1 that make up the first floor exterior wall W have been assembled. Also, the process of fastening the exterior wall W and the steel columns 3 may be done before pouring the concrete floor 2, or before the lower wall W L The connection between wall 1 and steel column 3. of After completion, upper wall W U Layers of wall 1 are stacked to form the upper wall W U The steel columns 3 may also be fastened to the reinforcing bars. Furthermore, since the connection between the exterior wall W and the steel columns 3 is made by welding the reinforcing bars 1e embedded in the wall body 1 of the exterior wall W to the steel columns 3, the reinforcing bars 1e protruding from the wall body 1 can be bent or otherwise aligned with the steel columns 3, allowing for some displacement of the wall body 1 and enabling flexible adjustments at the construction site. In addition to using the reinforcing bars 1e, anchor bolts may also be embedded in the wall body 1, and brackets that can be connected to the anchor bolts may be provided on the steel columns 3 to fasten them using anchor bolts.

[0080] As described above, the building B of this embodiment comprises an exterior wall W formed from a plurality of self-supporting wall bodies 1 created by a cement-based mixed fluid injected by a 3D printer 100, which is placed on a foundation F installed on the ground G, and a concrete floor 2 formed by concrete poured on the ground inside the exterior wall W using the exterior wall W as formwork. With building B configured in this way, the exterior wall W is formed by arranging self-supporting wall bodies 1, and the wall bodies 1 are formed by the solidification of the cement-based mixed fluid, so the exterior wall W can be treated the same as the foundation F, and the exterior wall W can be used as formwork for forming the concrete floor 2. Therefore, with building B of this embodiment, the concrete floor 2 can be formed without installing formwork, and the installation and dismantling of formwork becomes unnecessary, thus reducing the labor involved in construction and shortening the construction period.

[0081] Furthermore, in this embodiment, building B is equipped with multiple steel columns 3 erected on the inside of the exterior wall W and connected to the foundation F. The wall body 1 has reinforcing bars 1e embedded during fabrication by the 3D printer 100, and the reinforcing bars 1e are fastened to the steel columns 3 to fix the exterior wall W to the steel columns 3. With building B configured in this way, the exterior wall W is fastened to and integrated with the steel columns 3 that form the structure of building B, and building B has a structure similar to that of a steel frame building, so the steel columns 3 compensate for any tensile strength deficiency of the exterior wall W, making it robust. In addition, since the wall body 1 is fabricated by the 3D printer 100 and is self-supporting, the wall body 1 constituting the exterior wall W can be installed on the foundation F prior to the installation of the steel columns 3 on the foundation F, and the reinforcing bars 1e installed in the wall body 1 can be used to fasten it to the steel columns 3 later. Thus, according to the building B of this embodiment, the wall body 1 can be installed on the foundation F without being obstructed by the steel columns 3, making it possible to use exterior walls W with complex shapes, and enabling the realization of a steel-framed building even when using exterior walls W manufactured by a 3D printer 100. Therefore, according to the building B of this embodiment, the advantages of using a 3D printer 100 to manufacture exterior walls W can be enjoyed, and a steel-framed building B can be constructed inexpensively and in a short amount of time.

[0082] Furthermore, in the building B of this embodiment, the wall 1 has a bulge 1a that extends outward from the outer wall W to accommodate the steel column 3. As a result, the steel column 3 can be accommodated in the recess on the interior side of the bulge 1a, and the steel column 3 does not get in the way in the interior enclosed by the outer wall W, thus ensuring a large interior space. Note that while the wall 1 can have a large interior space by having the bulge 1a, it is not necessary for the wall 1 to have the bulge 1a.

[0083] Furthermore, in the building B of this embodiment, the exterior wall W has a portion formed by stacking wall bodies 1 vertically, and the wall body 1 has through holes 1b that penetrate in the vertical direction, and the through holes 1b of the lower wall body 1 and the through holes 1b of the upper wall body 1 stacked above the lower wall body 1 are in vertical communication with each other, and the building B is equipped with wall connecting reinforcing bars 6 inserted into the through holes 1b,1b and mortar 7 filled into the through holes 1b,1b. With the building B configured in this way, the exterior wall W can be made taller by stacking and connecting wall bodies 1 on top of each other, and the tensile strength of the wall bodies 1,1 stacked vertically can be improved because the wall bodies 1 fabricated by the 3D printer 100 are connected by wall connecting reinforcing bars 6. Note that the strength of the wall body 1 constituting the exterior wall W can be improved by dividing it into upper and lower parts and reinforcing it with wall connecting reinforcing bars 6, but the lower wall body 1 and the upper wall body 1 may be fabricated as a single unit by the 3D printer 100. Therefore, the exterior wall W may be formed solely by wall bodies 1 arranged horizontally.

[0084] Furthermore, in this embodiment, building B is equipped with rock wool (filler) 8 and caulking material (filler) 5 to fill the gaps between adjacent wall bodies 1 in the horizontal direction on the exterior wall W, allowing relative movement between the wall bodies 1,1. With building B configured in this way, when building B vibrates due to seismic motion, adjacent wall bodies 1,1 are allowed to vibrate independently, thus suppressing cracks and damage to the exterior wall W formed by the wall bodies 1. Alternatively, the gaps between wall bodies 1,1 may be filled with mortar to permanently connect the wall bodies 1,1 that are arranged in the circumferential direction.

[0085] Furthermore, the wall body 1 in this embodiment is formed from a cement-based mixed fluid injected by a 3D printer 100, and is equipped with a bulging portion 1a that bulges out toward one side in the width direction and forms a recess on the other side in the width direction midway along the horizontal direction. By providing the wall body 1 with this bulging portion 1a, the self-supporting ability of the wall body 1 is improved even if the wall thickness of the wall body 1 is thin, allowing it to be stably installed on the foundation F, and the design freedom of the shape of the wall body 1 is also improved, thus improving the design freedom of the shape of the exterior wall W.As mentioned above, the installation position of the bulging portion 1a on the wall body 1 is at the center in the horizontal direction of the wall body 1, but it is not limited to this, and the position can be arbitrarily changed on the wall body 1, and multiple bulging portions 1a can be provided on a single wall body 1.

[0086] Furthermore, since the wall body 1 in this embodiment is equipped with multiple reinforcing bars 1e that protrude into the recess formed by the bulging portion 1a, a steel-framed building B can be realized by fastening the reinforcing bars 1e to the steel column 3 erected in the recess, and because the reinforcing bars 1e can be bent or otherwise aligned with the steel column 3, a slight misalignment of the wall body 1 can be tolerated, allowing for flexible adjustments at the construction site.

[0087] Furthermore, the construction method of this embodiment includes an exterior wall forming step in which multiple self-supporting wall bodies 1, formed by a cement-based mixed fluid injected by a 3D printer 100, are arranged and installed on a foundation F installed on the ground G to form an exterior wall W, and a concrete floor 2 which is poured inside the exterior wall W using the exterior wall W formed in the exterior wall forming step as a formwork. formation This construction method includes a concrete floor formation process. With this construction method, a self-supporting wall 1 is arranged to form an exterior wall W, and the exterior wall W is used as formwork for forming the concrete floor 2. As a result, the concrete floor 2 can be formed without the installation of formwork, eliminating the need for formwork installation and dismantling work, thus reducing labor costs and shortening the construction period.

[0088] Furthermore, the construction method of this embodiment includes a steel column installation step in which steel columns 3 are erected on the foundation F inside the exterior wall W formed by the exterior wall formation step, and a fastening step in which reinforcing bars 1e, which are pre-embedded in the wall body 1, are fastened to the steel columns 3. With this construction method, the exterior wall W is fastened to the steel columns 3 that form the structure of the building B and integrated, so that the building B has a structure similar to that of a steel frame building. As a result, the sufficient tensile strength of the exterior wall W can be compensated for by the steel columns 3, making the building B sturdy.

[0089] In addition, in the aforementioned building B, there are no partition walls inside the interior of the building behind the exterior wall W. However, if it is desired to divide the interior into several rooms, partition walls (not shown) may be installed. Furthermore, to ensure structural strength, steel columns may be erected inside the building and connected to other steel columns 3 with steel beams to form a structural system. The partition walls may also be made from a cement-based mixed fluid injected by a 3D printer 100 and may be placed on the foundation F and used as formwork for forming the concrete floor 2.

[0090] Furthermore, the shape of the wall 1 can be arbitrarily modified as long as it is self-supporting when produced by the 3D printer 100. As mentioned above, it does not need to have bulging sections 1a, and multiple bulging sections 1a may be provided on a single wall 1.

[0091] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, modifications, alterations, and changes are permitted as long as they do not deviate from the scope of the claims. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0092] 1,1 1L ,1 2L ,1 3L ,1 4L ,1 5L ,1 6L ,1 1U ,1 2U ,1 3U , 1 4U ,1 5U ,1 6U ...Wall, 1a 1L ,1a 2L ,1a3L ,1a 4L ,1a 5L ,1a 6L ,1a 1U ,1a 2U ,1a 3U , 1a 4U ,1a 5U ,1a 6U ...bulge, 1b 1L ,1b 2L ,1b 3L ,1b 4L ,1b 5L ,1b 6L ,1b 1U ,1b 2U ,1b 3U , 1b 4U ,1b 5U ,1b 6U ...Through hole, 1e 1L ,1e 2L ,1e 3L ,1e 4L ,1e 5L ,1e 6L ,1e 1U ,1e 2U ,1e 3U , 1e 4U ,1e 5U ,1e 6U 1. Reinforcing bars, 2. Concrete floor, 3. Steel columns, 4. Rock wool (filler), 5. Caulking material (filler), 6. Reinforcing bars for wall connection, 7. Mortar, 100. 3D printer, F. Foundation, G. Ground, W. Exterior wall

Claims

1. The exterior wall is formed from multiple self-supporting wall bodies created by extruding a cement-based mixed fluid using a 3D printer, and is placed on a foundation installed in the ground. The exterior wall is provided with a concrete floor formed by pouring concrete into the ground inside the exterior wall, using the exterior wall as formwork. A building characterized by the following features.

2. The exterior wall is equipped with a plurality of steel columns erected on the inside and connected to the foundation, The aforementioned wall has reinforcing bars embedded during fabrication by a 3D printer, The reinforcing bars are fastened to the steel columns, and the outer wall is fixed to the steel columns. The building according to feature 1.

3. The wall has a bulge that extends outward from the outer wall and accommodates the steel column. The building according to feature 2.

4. The aforementioned outer wall has a portion formed by overlapping the wall bodies vertically, The wall has through holes that penetrate in the vertical direction, The through-holes in the lower wall and the through-holes in the upper wall stacked above the lower wall are connected to each other vertically. Reinforcing bars for connecting the wall are inserted into the aforementioned through-holes, The system comprises mortar that is filled into the aforementioned through holes. The building according to feature 1.

5. The outer wall is provided with a filler that allows relative movement between adjacent wall bodies in the horizontal direction and fills the gaps between the wall bodies. The building according to feature 1.

6. A self-supporting wall formed from a cement-based mixed fluid injected by a 3D printer, It is equipped with a bulge that extends vertically, bulging outwards in one direction in the wall thickness direction while forming a recess on the other side in the wall thickness direction, in a self-supporting state. A wall characterized by the following features.

7. The system includes multiple reinforcing bars that protrude into the recess formed by the bulge. The wall according to feature 6.

8. An exterior wall formation process involves creating multiple self-supporting wall bodies using a cement-based mixed fluid injected by a 3D printer, and then arranging and installing them on a foundation placed in the ground to form the exterior wall. The process includes a concrete floor forming step, in which concrete is poured inside the exterior wall, using the exterior wall formed by the exterior wall forming step as formwork, to form a concrete floor. A construction method characterized by the following features.

9. A steel column installation step involves erecting steel columns on the foundation inside the outer wall formed by the outer wall formation step, This includes a fastening step of fastening reinforcing bars, which are pre-embedded in the wall, to the steel columns. The construction method according to feature 8.

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