Excavator-type drilling equipment

Abstract

To provide a shovel-type excavator using type work machine allowing work in the upper space of a boom by acutely bending an arm in relation to the boom.SOLUTION: In a shovel-type excavator using type work machine, in which attachable / detachable attachment means is fitted to a tip end part of an arm (6) of a shovel-type excavator (1) in place of a bucket (7), or together with the bucket (7), an arm bracket (14) which is fixed to a base end part of the arm (6) and to which a bucket cylinder (10) and an arm cylinder (9) are pin-jointed, is provided, a guiding space (11) which can guide the arm bracket (14) and the arm cylinder (9) is formed at a boom (5), a link changing mechanism (20) is provided which switches a pin jointing part (19) jointing a base-end part of the arm cylinder (9) downward and to the direction getting closer to the arm, and a pin jointing point (18) at the tip end part of the arm cylinder (9) can be moved downward by the link changing mechanism (20) beyond a dead point (X) to lower side of the dead point (X).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a working machine in which attachment means is attached to the tip of an arm of a shovel-type excavator.

Background Art

[0002] A shovel-type excavator includes an excavator main body, a boom connected to the excavator main body, an arm connected to the tip of the boom, a bucket connected to the tip of the arm, a boom cylinder for swinging the boom, an arm cylinder for swinging the arm, and a bucket cylinder for swinging the bucket (see Patent Documents 1 to 4). Various working machines with detachable attachment means attached to the tip of the arm of the shovel-type excavator have also been put into practical use. Working machines for demolishing buildings and civil engineering structures using shearing and cutting attachment means, and various working machines for handling wood and transporting materials using gripping and moving attachment means are being utilized.

[0003] As shown in FIG. 5 of the present application, a conventional shovel-type excavator 100 includes an excavator main body 101, a boom 102 connected to the excavator main body 101, an arm 103 connected to the tip of the boom 102, a boom cylinder 104 for swinging the boom 102, an arm cylinder 105 for swinging the arm 103, and a bucket cylinder 106. The excavator main body 101 has a lower traveling body 101a provided with a pair of left and right crawlers, and an upper revolving body 101b that is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the lower traveling body 101a and equipped with an operator's cab. In this excavator 100, the boom 102 has a one-piece structure consisting of one member, and the arm cylinder 105 is disposed above the boom 102.

[0004] When the boom 102 is swung upward to its maximum extent and the arm 103 is swung upward to its maximum extent, the pin joint 107a at the base of the arm 103, the pin joint 105a at the tip of the arm cylinder 105, and the pin joint 105b at the base of the arm cylinder 105 are not aligned in a straight line, and the pin joints 105a and 105b are separated outward from the upper surface of the boom 102. Therefore, the arm 103 cannot be swung upward beyond the illustrated state, and the maximum swing position of the arm 103 is when the upper half of the boom 101 and the arm 103 are aligned in an almost straight line. The maximum swing position of the bucket is also as shown in the illustration. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-119832 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-116547 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 7-76492 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-247214 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] Conventional excavators cannot swing their arms upward relative to the boom, which restricts the arm's posture when performing demolition work in the space above the excavator, making it difficult to improve work efficiency. Furthermore, there are also restrictions on changing the upward posture of the bucket and attachments, making it difficult to improve work efficiency. The objective of the present invention is to provide a work machine converted from a shovel-type excavator that enables work in the space above the boom by allowing the arm to be bent at a sharp angle relative to the boom. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The excavator-type work machine according to claim 1 comprises an excavator body of an excavator, a boom, an arm, a boom cylinder for swinging the boom, an arm cylinder for swinging the arm, and a bucket cylinder, wherein an attachment means that can be attached to the tip of the arm in place of or together with the bucket is provided, and an arm bracket is provided which is fixed to the base end of the arm and to which the base end of the bucket cylinder and the tip of the arm cylinder are pin-connected, and the boom is connected to the arm bracket and the arm cylinder The arm cylinder is formed in a two-member structure that creates an introduction space between the members into which the arm can be introduced. It is provided with a link changing mechanism that switches the position of the first pin coupling portion that connects the base end of the arm cylinder to the boom downward and in a direction approaching the arm. The arm cylinder is at its dead center position when it is fully retracted and the hydraulic pressure of the arm cylinder is locked. By switching the position of the first pin coupling portion at the base end of the arm cylinder using the link changing mechanism, the second pin coupling portion at the tip of the arm cylinder is moved beyond the dead center and below the dead center.

[0008] With the above configuration, since the boom has a two-member structure with an introduction space, when the arm cylinder is at its dead center position with the arm cylinder fully retracted and the hydraulic pressure of the arm cylinder is locked, the link change mechanism switches the position of the first pin coupling at the base end of the arm cylinder downward and in a direction closer to the arm, thereby moving the second pin coupling at the tip of the arm cylinder beyond the dead center to a position below the dead center. This allows the arm to be sharply bent upward relative to the boom by releasing the hydraulic lock on the arm cylinder and enabling its operation. This makes it possible to efficiently perform work in the workspace above the boom, and also increases the degree of freedom in switching the direction of operation of the attachment means, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0009] The excavator-type work machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1, when the arm cylinder is retracted to its maximum extent, the third pin coupling portion that connects the base end of the arm to the boom, the second pin coupling portion at the tip of the arm cylinder, and the first pin coupling portion at the base end of the arm cylinder are aligned in a straight line.

[0010] With the above configuration, in the above state, the second pin coupling at the tip of the arm cylinder is at the dead center position. Therefore, by slightly moving the position of the first pin coupling at the base of the arm cylinder, the second pin coupling at the tip of the arm cylinder can move beyond the dead center.

[0011] The excavator-type work machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1 or 2, the hydraulic lock of the arm cylinder is released when the second pin coupling portion at the tip of the arm cylinder is moved below the dead center, and work can be performed in the working space above the boom using the arm and the attachment means.

[0012] With the above configuration, the arm can be bent sharply upward relative to the boom, enabling efficient work in the workspace above the boom, and also increasing the degree of freedom in switching the direction of movement of the attachment means, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0013] The excavator-type work machine according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1 or 2, the link changing mechanism is a triangular bracket, at least a part of which is arranged in the introduction space, wherein the base end on the excavator body side is pinned to the boom and the base end of the arm cylinder is pinned to the upper end of the triangular bracket, and the triangular bracket has a hydraulic cylinder that switches the triangular bracket from a normal position in which the link changing mechanism does not operate to a link changing position rotated lower than this normal position.

[0014] According to the above configuration, a link change mechanism with a simple structure consisting of a triangular bracket and a hydraulic cylinder can be adopted, which is advantageous in terms of manufacturing cost.

Effects of the Invention

[0015] As described above, various operational effects can be obtained according to the present invention.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] [Figure 1] It is a side view of an excavator-type excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is a plan view of an excavator-type excavator. [Figure 3] It is a side view of attachment means in a closed state. [Figure 4] It is a side view of attachment means in an open state. [Figure 5] It is a side view of a conventional excavator-type excavator.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0017] Next, a shovel-type excavator utilization work machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, this shovel-type excavator 1 (hydraulic excavator) includes an excavator main body 4, a boom 5 connected to the excavator main body 4 by a horizontal connecting pin, an arm 6 whose base end is connected to the tip of the boom 5 by a horizontal connecting pin, a bucket 7 connected to the tip of the arm 6 by a horizontal connecting pin, a boom cylinder 8, an arm cylinder 9, and a bucket cylinder 10.

[0018] The excavator main body 4 has a lower traveling body 2 provided with a pair of left and right crawlers 2a, and an upper revolving body 3 provided with a cab 3a that is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the lower traveling body 2 and into which an operator gets on. At the rear of the upper revolving body 3, a hydraulic pump (not shown) as a hydraulic supply source and an engine that drives the hydraulic pump and drives the left and right crawlers are mounted. Furthermore, the boom 5 is connected to the front end of the upper swing body 3 by a horizontal connecting pin.

[0019] The excavator utilization type working machine is obtained by attaching detachable attachment means 50 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) to the tip of the arm 6 instead of the bucket 7 of the above-described excavator 1. Since the feature of the present application lies in the mechanism for swinging the arm 6, the following description will mainly be based on the excavator 1. In the following description, the "base end" means the end on the side of the excavator body 4, and the "tip end" means the end on the side opposite to the excavator body 4.

[0020] Furthermore, the attachment means 50 is, for example, attachment means in the form of pliers for demolishing a building, but the attachment means 50 is not limited thereto, and various attachment means can be applied. Furthermore, there may be a configuration in which the attachment means is attached to the tip of the arm while leaving the bucket 7, and the work is performed by the cooperation of the bucket 7 and the attachment means.

[0021] Here, the attachment means 50 will be described based on FIGS. 3 and 4. The attachment means 50 includes a claw member 51, a claw member 52, a pin coupling portion 53 that pin-couples an arm member 54 fixed to the claw member 51 to the tip of the arm 6, a pin coupling portion 55 that pin-couples the base ends of the claw members 51 and 52 to each other, and a pin coupling portion 56 that connects the end of an arm member 57 fixed to the claw member 52 to the tip of the rod of the bucket cylinder 10.

[0022] When the rod of the bucket cylinder 10 is fully contracted, it is in the open state as shown in FIG. 4, and when the rod of the bucket cylinder 10 is extended, it is in the closed state as shown in FIG. 3.

[0023] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the boom 5 is a two-part structure formed by leaving an introduction space 11 (see Figure 2) between two L-shaped plate members 5a in a side view, allowing for the introduction of the arm bracket 14 and the arm cylinder 9. The base end of the boom cylinder 8 is connected to the front end of the upper slewing body 3 by a pin connection 12 using a horizontal connecting pin. The tip of the rod 8a of the boom cylinder 8 is connected to the middle of the boom 5 in the longitudinal direction by a pin connection (not shown) using a horizontal connecting pin.

[0024] The base end of the arm 6 is inserted into the tip of the boom 5 and connected by a pin joint 13 (third pin joint) using a horizontal connecting pin. A roughly trapezoidal arm bracket 14 is fixed to the base end of the arm 6, and this arm bracket 14 is formed to be introduced into the introduction space 11 of the boom 5.

[0025] The base end of the bucket cylinder 10 is connected to the tip portion of the upper end of the arm bracket 14 by a pin connection portion 15 using a horizontal connecting pin, and the tip of the rod 10a of the bucket cylinder 10 is connected to the bucket links 16a and 16b by a pin connection portion 17 using a horizontal connecting pin. The tip of the rod 9a of the arm cylinder 9 is connected to the base portion of the upper end of the arm bracket 14 by a pin connection portion 18 (second pin connection portion) using a horizontal connecting pin.

[0026] A link changing mechanism 20 is provided to switch the pin coupling portion 19 (first pin coupling portion) that connects the base end of the arm cylinder 9 to the boom 5 downward and toward the arm 6.

[0027] The link change mechanism 20 includes a triangular bracket 21, at least a portion of which is positioned in the introduction space 11 of the boom 5, the base end of which is connected to the boom 5 by a pin connection part 22 using a horizontal connecting pin, and the upper end of which is connected to a pin connection part 19 using a horizontal connecting pin of the base end of the arm cylinder 9, and a hydraulic cylinder 23 that switches the triangular bracket 21 from a normal position where the link change mechanism 20 is not activated to a link change position which is rotated approximately 30° downward from this normal position.

[0028] The movement trajectory of the pin coupling portion 18 at the tip of the rod 9a of the arm cylinder 9 is the dashed circle 24 centered on the pin coupling portion 13 in Figure 1. Therefore, when the arm cylinder 9 is fully retracted, the pin coupling portion 13 connecting the base end of the arm 6 to the boom 5, the pin coupling portion 18 at the tip of the rod 9a of the arm cylinder 9, and the pin coupling portion 19 at the base end of the arm cylinder 9 are aligned on a straight line 25. The position of the pin coupling portion 18 at the tip of the rod 9a of the arm cylinder 9 at this time is the dead point X (thinking point).

[0029] When performing work in the working space above the boom using the arm 6 and the attachment means 50, the arm cylinder 9 is at the dead center X position with the arm cylinder 9 fully retracted and the hydraulic pressure of the arm cylinder 9 locked. By retracting the hydraulic cylinder 23 of the link changing mechanism 20, the triangular bracket 21 is rotated downward by approximately 30°, switching the position of the pin coupling portion 19 at the base end of the arm cylinder 9 downward and closer to the arm 6, and moving the pin coupling portion 18 at the tip of the rod 9a of the arm cylinder 9 beyond dead center X and below dead center X.

[0030] With the pin coupling portion 18 at the tip of the arm cylinder 9 moved beyond dead center X and below dead center X, when the hydraulic lock of the arm cylinder 9 is released and the arm cylinder 9 is extended to move the pin coupling portion 18 to position Y, for example, the arm 6 bends and swings upward as shown in the figure, so that the opening angle between it and the boom 5 is approximately 50° to 60°.

[0031] Therefore, the arm 6 and attachment means 50 enable efficient work in the workspace above the boom 5. Moreover, the degree of freedom in switching the direction of movement of the bucket 7 and attachment means 50 is increased, thus improving work efficiency.

[0032] Next, we will explain the effects and benefits of the above-mentioned excavator-type work machines. With the arm cylinder 9 at its dead center position, fully retracted, and with the hydraulic pressure of the arm cylinder 9 locked, the link change mechanism 20 switches the position of the pin coupling portion 19 at the base end of the arm cylinder 9 downward and closer to the arm 6, thereby moving the pin coupling portion 18 at the tip of the rod 9a of the arm cylinder 9 beyond dead center X to a position below dead center X.

[0033] By releasing the hydraulic lock on the arm cylinder 9 and operating the arm cylinder 9, the arm 6 can be bent sharply upward relative to the boom 5, enabling efficient work in the workspace above the boom 5. Furthermore, the degree of freedom in switching the direction of operation of the attachment means 50 is increased, improving work efficiency.

[0034] When the arm cylinder 9 is fully retracted, the pin coupling portion 18 at the tip of the rod 9a of the arm cylinder 9 is at the dead center X position. Therefore, by slightly moving the position of the pin coupling portion 19 at the base end of the arm cylinder 9, the pin coupling portion 19 at the tip of the arm cylinder 9 can move beyond the dead center X position.

[0035] As described above, when the pin coupling portion 18 at the tip of the rod 9a of the arm cylinder 9 is beyond dead center X, the arm 6 can be bent sharply upward relative to the boom 5. This makes it possible to efficiently perform work in the workspace above the boom 5, and also increases the degree of freedom in switching the direction of movement of the bucket 7 and the attachment means 50, thereby improving work efficiency. A simple link change mechanism 20 consisting of a triangular bracket 21 and a hydraulic cylinder 23 can be adopted, which is advantageous in terms of manufacturing costs.

[0036] When returning the arm 6 to its original position, the arm cylinder 9 is brought to its maximum contracted state and its hydraulic pressure is locked. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 23 of the link change mechanism 20 is extended, and the hydraulic lock on the arm cylinder 9 is released. This causes the pin coupling 18 to return to above dead center X, enabling normal operation. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0037] 1. Excavator (shovel type) 4. Excavator body 5 Boom 5a Plate member 6 Arms 7 buckets 8 Boom Cylinder 9 Arm Cylinder 10 Bucket Cylinders 11 Introduction Space 13 Third pin connection 14 Arm bracket 18. Second pin connection 19. First pin connection 20 Link Change Mechanism 21 Triangular Bracket 23 Hydraulic Cylinder 50 Attachment means

Claims

1. In a work machine utilizing a shovel-type excavator, the excavator body, boom, arm, boom cylinder for swinging the boom, arm cylinder for swinging the arm, and bucket cylinder are provided, and an attachment means that can be attached to the tip of the arm in place of or together with the bucket is provided. An arm bracket is provided, which is fixed to the base end of the arm and pin-connects the base end of the bucket cylinder and the tip of the arm cylinder, respectively. The boom is formed as a two-member structure in which an introduction space is formed between the members into which the arm bracket and arm cylinder can be introduced. A link changing mechanism is provided to switch the first pin coupling portion, which connects the base end of the arm cylinder to the boom, downward and toward the arm. A work machine utilizing a shovel-type excavator, characterized in that, with the arm cylinder at its dead center position when it is fully retracted and the hydraulic pressure of the arm cylinder is locked, the position of the first pin coupling at the base end of the arm cylinder is switched by the link changing mechanism, thereby moving the second pin coupling at the tip of the arm cylinder beyond the dead center and below the dead center.

2. The excavator-type work machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, with the arm cylinder in its most retracted state, the third pin coupling portion connecting the base end of the arm to the boom, the second pin coupling portion at the tip of the arm cylinder, and the first pin coupling portion at the base end of the arm cylinder are aligned in a straight line.

3. The excavator-type work machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, with the second pin coupling portion at the tip of the arm cylinder moved below the dead center, the hydraulic lock of the arm cylinder is released, and work can be performed in the working space above the boom using the arm and the attachment means.

4. The link changing mechanism is a triangular bracket, at least a portion of which is arranged in the introduction space, wherein the base end on the excavator body side is pinned to the boom and the base end of the arm cylinder is pinned to the upper end of the triangular bracket, The triangular bracket is characterized by having a hydraulic cylinder that switches it from a normal position where the link change mechanism is not activated to a link change position rotated lower than the normal position. A work machine utilizing a shovel-type excavator as described in claim 1 or 2.

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