Frame and construction methods for frame

Abstract

The present invention provides a frame structure and building construction method that can reduce the load applied to the connection between steel horizontal members and wooden structural frames via connecting hardware. [Solution] The frame 10 comprises a steel horizontal member 12 extending in a first direction X and a wooden frame 13. The wooden frame 13 has an upper frame portion 31 that aligns with the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X when viewed from a second direction Y and is connected to the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X via a connecting fitting 15, and a lower frame portion 32 located below the steel horizontal member 12 when viewed from the first direction X. The upper frame portion 31 has an intersection that aligns with the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X. The lower frame portion 32 has a first support portion 32a located below the intersection and a second support portion 32b on which the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is placed. The first support portion 32a and the second support portion 32b are integrally formed.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a frame and a construction method for a frame. [Background Art]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a connection structure for a wooden base material and a steel beam. An end of the steel beam in the extending direction of the steel beam is connected to a side surface of the wooden base material via a connector. [Prior Art Documents] [Patent Documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Sho 57-158802 [Summary of the Invention] [Problem to be Solved by the Invention]

[0004] A vertical load is applied to the connection part between the steel beam and the wooden base material via the connector. For example, when the weight of the steel beam is large or the load from an upper floor is large, the vertical load applied to the connection part between the steel beam and the wooden base material via the connector increases, so the strength required for the connector increases. [Means for Solving the Problem]

[0005] (1) A frame that solves the above problem includes a steel horizontal member extending in a first direction, and a wooden frame, wherein the wooden frame is aligned with the steel horizontal member in the first direction when viewed from a second direction intersecting the first direction, and has an upper frame part connected to an end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction via a connecting hardware, and a lower frame part located below the steel horizontal member when viewed from the first direction, the upper frame part has an intersection part aligned with the steel horizontal member in the first direction, the lower frame part has a first support part located below the intersection part, and a second support part on which the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction is placed, and the first support part and the second support part are integrally formed.

[0006] In this configuration, the vertical load applied to the steel horizontal member is transmitted from the steel horizontal member to the upper structural frame via connecting hardware, and then transmitted downward by the first support of the lower structural frame. Alternatively, the vertical load applied to the steel horizontal member is directly transmitted to the second support of the lower structural frame, and then transmitted downward by the second support. In this way, by having the second support bear a portion of the vertical load applied to the steel horizontal member, the load applied to the connection between the steel horizontal member and the upper structural frame via the connecting hardware can be reduced. Therefore, the required strength of the connecting hardware can be lowered.

[0007] (2) In the frame structure described in (1) above, the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction is connected to the second support by screws. This configuration makes it possible to suppress misalignment of the steel horizontal members relative to the second support section.

[0008] (3) In the frame structure described in (1) or (2) above, the upper frame portion has extensions located on both sides of the intersection in the second direction, and the connecting hardware is connected to the extensions. This configuration makes it easier to connect the connecting hardware to the upper structural frame compared to when the connecting hardware is connected to the intersection.

[0009] (4) In the frame structure described in any one of (1) to (3) above, the wooden frame comprises wooden columns and wooden horizontal members that are placed on the wooden columns and connected to the wooden columns, wherein the upper frame is made up of the wooden horizontal members and the lower frame is made up of the wooden columns.

[0010] When a single wooden column is used to construct the intersection of the upper and lower structural sections, the shape of the wooden column becomes complex, making it impossible to construct the column using square timber. In contrast, the above configuration simplifies the shape of the wooden column, allowing it to be constructed using square timber.

[0011] (5) In the frame structure described in any one of (1) to (3) above, the wooden frame has wooden columns having a mounting surface on which the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction is placed, the intersection is made up of a portion of the wooden column located above the aforementioned mounting surface, and the lower frame is made up of a portion of the wooden column located below the aforementioned mounting surface. With this configuration, the intersection and the lower structural section are integrally formed, eliminating the need for connecting the intersection and the lower structural section.

[0012] (6) In the construction method of the frame described in (4) above, with the ends of the wooden horizontal member and the steel horizontal member in the first direction placed on the wooden column, the ends of the steel horizontal member in the first direction and the wooden horizontal member are connected via the connecting hardware. This method improves safety because the connection between the steel and wooden horizontal members is performed with the ends of the wooden horizontal members and the steel horizontal members in the first direction supported by wooden columns.

[0013] (7) In the construction method of the frame described in (5) above, with the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction placed on the aforementioned surface of the wooden column, the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction and the upper structural member are connected via the connecting hardware. This method improves safety because the connection work between the steel horizontal member and the upper structural frame is performed with the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction supported by a wooden column. [Effects of the Invention]

[0014] According to the frame structure and construction method of the frame structure described herein, the load applied to the connection between the steel horizontal members and the wooden frame via connecting hardware can be reduced. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0015] [Figure 1] This is a plan view of the frame of the first embodiment. [Figure 2]It is a cross-sectional view of the frame according to the first embodiment, taken along line 2-2 in FIG. 1 [Figure 3] It is a cross-sectional view of the frame according to the first embodiment, taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2 [Figure 4] It is a plan view of the frame according to the second embodiment [Figure 5] It is a cross-sectional view of the frame according to the second embodiment, taken along line 5-5 in FIG. 4 MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0016] [First Embodiment] With reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, the frame 10 according to the first embodiment and a construction method for the frame 10 will be described. In the following description, a first direction X, a second direction Y, and a vertical direction Z are directions that intersect each other. The first direction X is one direction among the horizontal directions. The second direction Y is a direction orthogonal to the first direction X in the horizontal plane. The vertical direction Z is a direction along the vertical direction.

[0017] <Frame 10> As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the frame 10 includes a steel horizontal member 12 and a wooden frame 13

[0018] The steel horizontal member 12 extends in the first direction X. The span of the steel horizontal member 12 is, for example, 9 m. The steel horizontal member 12 is formed of H-shaped steel. The steel horizontal member 12 includes a web 20 extending in the vertical direction Z, an upper flange 21 provided at an upper end of the web 20, and a lower flange 22 provided at a lower end of the web 20

[0019] The wooden frame 13 includes a wooden column 40 and a wooden horizontal member 50. The wooden column 40 and the wooden horizontal member 50 are each formed of a square timber. The wooden column 40 extends in the vertical direction Z. The wooden horizontal member 50 extends in the second direction Y. The shape of the wooden column 40 in a plan view is rectangular. The longitudinal direction of the wooden column 40 in a plan view extends in the first direction X. The transverse direction of the wooden column 40 in a plan view extends in the second direction Y. The dimension of the wooden column 40 in the first direction X is larger than the dimension of the wooden horizontal member 50 in the first direction X.

[0020] A part of the steel horizontal member 12 and a part of the wooden horizontal member 50 are placed on the upper surface 40a of the wooden column 40. Specifically, the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is placed on the upper surface 40a of the wooden column 40. The end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X overlaps a part of the wooden column 40 in the vertical direction Z. The intermediate portion of the wooden horizontal member 50 in the second direction Y is placed on the upper surface 40a of the wooden column 40. The intermediate portion of the wooden horizontal member 50 in the second direction Y overlaps a part of the wooden column 40 in the vertical direction Z. The wooden horizontal member 50 includes a first portion 53 located above the wooden column 40, and second portions 54 located on both sides of the first portion 53 in the second direction Y. The first portion 53 of the wooden horizontal member 50 is arranged side by side with the steel horizontal member 12 at an interval in the first direction X.

[0021] <Connecting structure of steel horizontal member 12, wooden column 40 and wooden horizontal member 50> The end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is connected, by a screw B, to the portion of the wooden column 40 on which the steel horizontal member 12 is placed. The screw B is, for example, a lag screw.

[0022] More specifically, a lower flange through-hole 22a is provided at the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X. The lower flange through-hole 22a penetrates the lower flange 22 in the thickness direction. The lower flange through-hole 22a is provided on both sides of the web 20 in the second direction Y. Screws B are inserted through the lower flange through-hole 22a. Screws B are screwed into the upper surface 40a of the wooden column 40. Screws B are provided on both sides of the web 20 in the second direction Y.

[0023] As shown in Figure 2, the wooden column 40 and the wooden horizontal member 50 are connected via a first metal fitting 14. The first metal fitting 14 is made of pipe. More specifically, the upper surface 40a of the wooden column 40 is provided with a lower insertion hole 41 into which the first metal fitting 14 is inserted. The lower insertion hole 41 extends in the vertical direction Z. The wooden column 40 is provided with a plurality of lower connecting holes 42. The lower connecting holes 42 penetrate the wooden column 40 in the second direction Y so as to pass through the lower insertion hole 41. The plurality of lower connecting holes 42 are arranged with gaps in the vertical direction Z.

[0024] The lower surface 50a of the wooden horizontal member 50 is provided with an upper insertion hole 51 into which the first metal fitting 14 is inserted. The upper insertion hole 51 extends in the vertical direction Z. The wooden horizontal member 50 is provided with a plurality of upper connecting holes 52. The upper connecting holes 52 penetrate the wooden horizontal member 50 in the first direction X so as to pass through the upper insertion hole 51. The plurality of upper connecting holes 52 are arranged with spacing in the vertical direction Z.

[0025] The first metal fitting 14 is provided with a lower through hole 14a and an upper through hole 14b. The lower through hole 14a is provided in the portion of the first metal fitting 14 that is inserted into the lower insertion hole 41. The lower through hole 14a penetrates the first metal fitting 14 in the second direction Y. The upper through hole 14b is provided in the portion of the first metal fitting 14 that is inserted into the upper insertion hole 51. The upper through hole 14b penetrates the first metal fitting 14 in the first direction X.

[0026] Lower drift pins P1 are inserted through the lower connecting hole 42 and the lower through hole 14a. This connects the first metal fitting 14 to the wooden column 40. Upper drift pins P2 are inserted through the upper connecting hole 52 and the upper through hole 14b. This connects the first metal fitting 14 to the wooden horizontal member 50.

[0027] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the end of the steel horizontal member 12 and the wooden horizontal member 50 in the first direction X are connected via a connecting fitting 15. The connecting fitting 15 includes a second fitting 16, two splice plates 17, a first bolt B1 and a first nut N1, a second bolt B2 and a second nut N2, and a third bolt B3 and a third nut N3.

[0028] More specifically, multiple web through-holes 20a are provided at the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X. The web through-holes 20a penetrate the web 20 in the thickness direction. The multiple web through-holes 20a are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction Z.

[0029] Each of the two second parts 54 of the wooden horizontal member 50 is provided with multiple through-holes 55. The through-holes 55 penetrate the wooden horizontal member 50 in the first direction X. The multiple through-holes 55 are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction Z.

[0030] The second metal fitting 16 has a first plate 16a and a second plate 16b. The first plate 16a is positioned along the side surface 50b of the wooden horizontal member 50. The second plate 16b extends from the center of the first plate 16a toward the steel horizontal member 12 in the second direction Y.

[0031] The first plate 16a is provided with a plurality of first plate through holes 161. The first plate through holes 161 penetrate the first plate 16a in a first direction X. The plurality of first plate through holes 161 are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction Z. The plurality of first plate through holes 161 are provided on both sides of the second plate 16b in a second direction Y.

[0032] The second plate 16b is provided with a plurality of through-holes 162. The through-holes 162 penetrate the second plate 16b in the second direction Y. The plurality of through-holes 162 are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction Z.

[0033] A first bolt B1 is inserted through the through-hole 55 of the horizontal member and the through-hole 161 of the first plate, and a first nut N1 is screwed onto the first bolt B1. As a result, the first plate 16a of the second metal fitting 16 is connected to the second part 54 of the wooden horizontal member 50. Of the first plate 16a, the portion located on one side of the second plate 16b in the second direction Y is connected to one of the two second parts 54. Of the first plate 16a, the portion located on the other side of the second plate 16b in the second direction Y is connected to the other of the two second parts 54.

[0034] The two splice plates 17 are positioned to sandwich the web 20 of the steel horizontal member 12 and the second plate 16b of the first metal fitting 14. Each splice plate 17 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 17a and a plurality of second through holes 17b.

[0035] Multiple first through holes 17a are provided in the portion of the splice plate 17 that overlaps with the second plate 16b. The first through holes 17a penetrate the splice plate 17 in the second direction Y. The multiple first through holes 17a are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction Z.

[0036] Multiple second through holes 17b are provided in the portion of the splice plate 17 that overlaps with the web 20. The second through holes 17b penetrate the splice plate 17 in the second direction Y. The multiple second through holes 17b are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction Z.

[0037] A second bolt B2 is inserted through the second plate through hole 162 and the first through hole 17a of the two splice plates 17, and a second nut N2 is screwed onto the second bolt B2. In this way, the two splice plates 17 are connected to the second plate 16b of the second metal fitting 16. A third bolt B3 is inserted through the web through hole 20a and the second through hole 17b of the two splice plates 17, and a third nut N3 is screwed onto the third bolt B3. In this way, the two splice plates 17 are connected to the web 20 of the steel horizontal member 12.

[0038] <Upper body part 31 and lower body part 32> The wooden frame 13 is aligned with the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X when viewed from the second direction Y, and has an upper frame section 31 that is connected to the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X via a connecting fitting 15. The upper frame section 31 has an intersection 31a aligned with the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X, and extensions 31b located on both sides of the intersection 31a in the second direction Y.

[0039] In this embodiment, the upper structural section 31 is made of wooden horizontal members 50. The intersection 31a is made of the first part 53 of the wooden horizontal member 50. The extension 31b is made of the second part 54 of the wooden horizontal member 50. As described above, the second metal fitting 16 is connected to the second part 54 of the wooden horizontal member 50. Therefore, the connecting fitting 15 is connected to the extension 31b.

[0040] The wooden frame 13 has a lower frame section 32 located below the steel horizontal member 12 when viewed from a first direction X. The lower frame section 32 has a first support section 32a located below the intersection 31a and a second support section 32b on which the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X rests. The first support section 32a supports the upper frame section 31 including the intersection 31a. The second support section 32b supports the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X.

[0041] In this embodiment, the lower structural section 32 is composed of wooden columns 40. The first support section 32a is composed of the portion of the wooden column 40 located below the wooden horizontal member 50. The second support section 32b is composed of the portion of the wooden column 40 on which the steel horizontal member 12 is placed. In other words, the lower structural section 32 is composed of a single wooden column 40. Therefore, the first support section 32a and the second support section 32b are integrally formed.

[0042] As described above, the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is connected by screws B to the portion of the wooden column 40 on which the steel horizontal member 12 is placed. Therefore, the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is connected by screws B to the second support portion 32b.

[0043] <Construction method for frame structure 10> The construction of the frame 10 is carried out by workers. The construction method of the frame 10 includes a column installation process, a first connection process, a second connection process, and a third connection process.

[0044] The column installation process is the process of installing the wooden column 40. The first connection process is the process of placing the wooden horizontal member 50 on top of the wooden column 40, and then connecting the first part 53 of the wooden horizontal member 50 to the wooden column 40 via the first metal fitting 14. The second connection process is the process of placing the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X on top of the wooden column 40, and then connecting the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X to the wooden column 40 with screws B. The order of the first and second connection processes does not matter.

[0045] The third connection step is the step of connecting the wooden horizontal member 50 and the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X via the connecting hardware 15. The third connection step is performed after the first and second connection steps. That is, with the wooden horizontal member 50 and the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X resting on the wooden column 40, the wooden horizontal member 50 and the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X are connected via the connecting hardware 15.

[0046] [Operation of the First Embodiment] The operation of the first embodiment will now be described. The frame 10 includes steel horizontal members 12 extending in a first direction X. In this embodiment, in order to make the space formed by the frame 10 a large space, the span of the steel horizontal members 12 is set to a large span of 9m. When the span of the steel horizontal members 12 is large, the central part of the steel horizontal members 12 tends to sag downwards, so the deflection of the steel horizontal members 12 is suppressed by increasing the beam depth of the steel horizontal members 12. Thus, when the span of the steel horizontal members 12 is large, the steel horizontal members 12 become larger, and therefore the weight of the steel horizontal members 12 increases.

[0047] The frame 10 includes a wooden frame 13. The wooden frame 13 is aligned with the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X when viewed from the second direction Y, and has an upper frame section 31 which is connected to the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X via a connecting fitting 15. The upper frame section 31 has an intersection 31a which is aligned with the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X.

[0048] The vertical load applied to the steel horizontal member 12 is transmitted from the steel horizontal member 12 to the upper structural body 31 via the connecting hardware 15. In other words, a vertical load is applied to the connection between the steel horizontal member 12 and the upper structural body 31 via the connecting hardware 15.

[0049] The vertical load applied to the steel horizontal member 12 includes the weight of the steel horizontal member 12 itself. Therefore, if the weight of the steel horizontal member 12 is large, the load applied to the connection between the steel horizontal member 12 and the upper structural frame 31 via the connecting hardware 15 will be large. Consequently, if the span of the steel horizontal member 12 is large, the strength required of the connecting hardware 15 will be large.

[0050] The vertical load applied to the steel horizontal member 12 includes the load from the upper floor. Therefore, if the load from the upper floor is large, the load applied to the connection between the steel horizontal member 12 and the upper structural frame 31 via the connecting hardware 15 will increase, and thus the strength required of the connecting hardware 15 will increase.

[0051] In this embodiment, the wooden frame 13 has a lower frame section 32 located below the steel horizontal member 12 when viewed from a first direction X. The lower frame section 32 has a first support section 32a located below the intersection 31a of the upper frame section 31, and a second support section 32b on which the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is placed.

[0052] In this configuration, the vertical load applied to the steel horizontal member 12 is transmitted from the steel horizontal member 12 to the upper structural body 31 via the connecting hardware 15, and then transmitted downward by the first support part 32a of the lower structural body 32. In addition, the vertical load applied to the steel horizontal member 12 is directly transmitted to the second support part 32b of the lower structural body 32, and then transmitted downward by the second support part 32b. In this way, by having the second support part 32b bear a portion of the vertical load applied to the steel horizontal member 12, the load applied to the connection between the steel horizontal member 12 and the upper structural body 31 via the connecting hardware 15 can be reduced. Therefore, the strength required of the connecting hardware 15 can be reduced.

[0053] Since the lower structural section 32 is composed of a single wooden column 40, the first support section 32a and the second support section 32b are integrally formed. In this case, the first support section 32a and the second support section 32b can be formed together by constructing the lower structural section 32, thereby improving the constructability of the frame 10.

[0054] [Effects of the First Embodiment] The effects of the first embodiment will be explained. (1-1) The lower structural section 32 of the wooden structural section 13 has a first support section 32a located below the intersection 31a of the upper structural section 31, and a second support section 32b on which the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is placed. The first support section 32a and the second support section 32b are integrally formed.

[0055] With this configuration, the second support section 32b bears a portion of the vertical load applied to the steel horizontal member 12, thereby reducing the load applied to the connection between the steel horizontal member 12 and the upper structural section 31 via the connecting hardware 15. Consequently, the required strength of the connecting hardware 15 can be reduced.

[0056] (1-2) The end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is connected to the second support part 32b by screws B. This configuration makes it possible to suppress misalignment of the steel horizontal member 12 relative to the second support portion 32b.

[0057] (1-3) The upper structural section 31 has extensions 31b located on both sides of the intersection 31a in the second direction Y. The connecting hardware 15 is connected to the extensions 31b. With this configuration, it is easier to connect the connecting hardware 15 to the upper structural frame 31 compared to the case where the connecting hardware 15 is connected to the intersection 31a.

[0058] (1-4) In this embodiment, the wooden frame 13 has wooden columns 40 and wooden horizontal members 50 that are placed on top of the wooden columns 40 and connected to the wooden columns 40. The upper frame section 31 is made up of wooden horizontal members 50. The lower frame section 32 is made up of wooden columns 40.

[0059] As described in the second embodiment later, when the intersection 31a of the upper structural body 31 and the lower structural body 32 are constructed by a single wooden column 40, the shape of the wooden column 40 becomes complex, making it impossible to construct the wooden column 40 from square timber. In contrast, in this embodiment, the shape of the wooden column 40 can be simplified, allowing the wooden column 40 to be constructed from square timber.

[0060] (1-5) With the wooden horizontal member 50 and the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X resting on the wooden column 40, the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X and the wooden horizontal member 50 are connected via connecting hardware 15.

[0061] According to this method, the connection work between the steel horizontal member 12 and the wooden horizontal member 50 is performed with the ends of the wooden horizontal member 50 and the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X supported by the wooden column 40, thus improving safety.

[0062] (1-6) Since the first support portion 32a and the second support portion 32b are integrally formed, the first support portion 32a and the second support portion 32b can be formed together by constructing the lower structural portion 32. Therefore, the constructability of the frame 10 can be improved. In addition, the stability of the lower structural portion 32 can be improved compared to the case in which the first support portion 32a and the second support portion 32b are provided individually.

[0063] (1-7) The end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is supported by the second support part 32b. Therefore, even if an unexpected force is applied to the frame 10 and the connection between the steel horizontal member 12 and the wooden frame 13 via the connecting hardware 15 collapses, the falling of the steel horizontal member 12 can be suppressed.

[0064] [Second Embodiment] Referring to Figures 4 and 5, the frame 10 of the second embodiment and the method of constructing the frame 10 will be described.

[0065] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the frame 10 comprises steel horizontal members 12 and a wooden frame 13. The configuration of the steel horizontal members 12 is the same as in the first embodiment, so its description is omitted and the same reference numerals are used. The wooden frame 13 comprises wooden columns 60 and two wooden horizontal members 70. Each of the two wooden horizontal members 70 is made of square timber.

[0066] The wooden column 60 extends in the vertical direction Z. The wooden column 60 is rectangular in plan view. The longitudinal direction of the wooden column 60 extends in the first direction X. The transverse direction of the wooden column 60 extends in the second direction Y. The wooden column 60 has a first side surface 60a, a second side surface 60b, and a third side surface 60c. The first side surface 60a is a surface perpendicular to the first direction X. The second side surface 60b and the third side surface 60c are surfaces perpendicular to the second direction Y. The third side surface 60c is the surface opposite to the second side surface 60b.

[0067] The wooden column 60 is provided with a recess 61. The recess 61 is formed, for example, by cutting a notch in the timber that makes up the wooden column 60. The recess 61 is demarcated by a vertical section 61a and a horizontal section 61b. The vertical section 61a is a surface recessed with respect to the first side surface 60a. The vertical section 61a is a surface perpendicular to the first direction X. The horizontal section 61b is a surface recessed with respect to the top surface 60d of the wooden column 60. The horizontal section 61b is a surface perpendicular to the vertical direction Z.

[0068] The wooden column 60 has an upper portion 62 and a lower portion 63. The upper portion 62 is composed of the part of the wooden column 60 that is located above the horizontal section screen 61b. The lower portion 63 is composed of the part of the wooden column 60 that is located below the horizontal section screen 61b. The dimensions of the upper portion 62 in the first direction X are smaller than the dimensions of the lower portion 63 in the first direction X.

[0069] The wooden column 60 is provided with multiple column through-holes 64. The column through-holes 64 penetrate the upper portion 62 of the wooden column 60 in the second direction Y. The multiple column through-holes 64 are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction Z.

[0070] The end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is placed on the horizontal section screen 61b of the wooden column 60. Therefore, the horizontal section screen 61b is a mounting surface on which the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is placed. The end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X overlaps with a part of the lower portion 63 in the vertical direction Z. The end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is spaced apart from the upper portion 62 in the first direction X.

[0071] The end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is connected by screws B to the portion of the wooden column 60 on which the steel horizontal member 12 is placed. The screws B are inserted through the lower flange through hole 22a. The screws B are screwed into the horizontal section 61b of the wooden column 60. The screws B are provided on both sides of the web 20 in the second direction Y.

[0072] As shown in Figure 4, the two wooden horizontal members 70 are positioned so as to sandwich the upper portion 62 of the wooden column 60 in the second direction Y. Each of the two wooden horizontal members 70 extends in the second direction Y. The end faces 70a of the wooden horizontal members 70 in the second direction Y face the upper portion 62 of the wooden column 60.

[0073] The end face 70a of the wooden horizontal member 70 is provided with two slits 71. The two slits 71 are spaced apart in the first direction X. The portion of the wooden horizontal member 70 located between the two slits 71 is recessed relative to the end face 70a.

[0074] The wooden horizontal member 70 is provided with multiple through-holes 72. The through-holes 72 penetrate the wooden horizontal member 70 in a first direction X so as to pass through two slits 71. The multiple through-holes 72 are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction Z.

[0075] The wooden column 60 and the wooden horizontal member 70 are connected via a third metal fitting 18. The third metal fitting 18 has a third plate 18a and two fourth plates 18b. The third plate 18a is positioned along the second side 60b or the third side 60c of the wooden column 60. The two fourth plates 18b extend parallel to the direction away from the wooden column 60 from both ends of the third plate 18a in the first direction X. The two fourth plates 18b are inserted into two slits 71 of the wooden horizontal member 70.

[0076] The third plate 18a is provided with a plurality of through-holes 181. The through-holes 181 penetrate the third plate 18a in the second direction Y. The plurality of through-holes 181 are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction Z.

[0077] Each of the two fourth plates 18b is provided with multiple fourth plate through holes 182. The fourth plate through holes 182 penetrate the fourth plate 18b in the first direction X. The multiple fourth plate through holes 182 are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction Z.

[0078] A fourth bolt B4 is inserted through the column through hole 64 and the third plate through hole 181, and a fourth nut N4 is screwed onto the fourth bolt B4. In this way, the third plate 18a of the third metal fitting 18 is connected to the wooden column 60. In this embodiment, the fourth bolt B4 is inserted through both the third plate through hole 181 of the third plate 18a located on the second side surface 60b and the third plate through hole 181 of the third plate 18a located on the third side surface 60c. Therefore, the fourth bolt B4 and fourth nut N4 connecting the third plate 18a and the wooden column 60 are common to both third metal fittings 18.

[0079] The steel horizontal member 12 and the two wooden horizontal members 70 are connected via connecting hardware 15. The structure of the connecting hardware 15 is the same as in the first embodiment, so its description is omitted and the same reference numerals are used. Also, the connection structure between the second plate 16b of the second hardware 16 and the two splice plates 17, and the connection structure between the two splice plates 17 and the steel horizontal member 12 are the same as in the first embodiment, so their description is omitted.

[0080] The first plate 16a is positioned along the first side 60a of the wooden column 60 and the side 70b of the two wooden horizontal members 70. The first bolt B1 is inserted through the first plate through hole 161 and the horizontal member through hole 72, and the first nut N1 is screwed onto the first bolt B1. In this way, the first plate 16a of the second metal fitting 16 is connected to the wooden horizontal member 70.

[0081] In this embodiment, the first bolt B1 is further inserted through the fourth plate through holes 182 of the two fourth plates 18b. As a result, the two fourth plates 18b of the third fitting 18 are connected to the wooden horizontal member 70. In this embodiment, the bolts and nuts connecting the second fitting 16 and the wooden horizontal member 70 are the same as those connecting the third fitting 18 and the wooden horizontal member 70.

[0082] <Upper body part 31 and lower body part 32> The wooden frame 13 is aligned with the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X when viewed from the second direction Y, and has an upper frame section 31 that is connected to the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X via a connecting fitting 15. The upper frame section 31 has an intersection 31a aligned with the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X, and extensions 31b located on both sides of the intersection 31a in the second direction Y.

[0083] In this embodiment, the upper structural section 31 is composed of the upper portion 62 of the wooden column 60 and two wooden horizontal members 70. The intersection 31a is composed of the upper portion 62 of the wooden column 60. The extension 31b is composed of the wooden horizontal members 70. As described above, the second metal fitting 16 is connected to the two wooden horizontal members 70. Therefore, the connecting fitting 15 is connected to the extension 31b.

[0084] The wooden frame 13 has a lower frame section 32 located below the steel horizontal member 12 when viewed from a first direction X. The lower frame section 32 has a first support section 32a located below the intersection 31a and a second support section 32b on which the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is placed.

[0085] In this embodiment, the lower structural frame 32 is composed of the lower portion 63 of a wooden column 60. The first support portion 32a is composed of the portion of the lower portion 63 located below the upper portion 62. The second support portion 32b is composed of the portion of the lower portion 63 on which the steel horizontal member 12 is placed. In other words, the lower structural frame 32 is composed of a part of a single wooden column 60. Therefore, the first support portion 32a and the second support portion 32b are integrally formed.

[0086] As described above, the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is connected by screws B to the portion on the lower part 63 on which the steel horizontal member 12 is placed. Therefore, the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is connected to the second support portion 32b by screws B.

[0087] <Construction method for frame structure 10> The construction of the frame 10 is carried out by workers. The construction method of the frame 10 includes a column installation process, a first connection process, a second connection process, and a third connection process.

[0088] The column installation process is the process of installing the wooden column 60. The first connection process is the process of arranging the wooden horizontal members 70 on both sides of the wooden column 60 in the second direction Y, and then connecting the wooden horizontal members 70 to the wooden column 60 via the third metal fitting 18. The second connection process is the process of placing the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X on the horizontal section 61b of the wooden column 60, and then connecting the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X to the wooden column 60 with screws B. The order of the first and second connection processes does not matter.

[0089] The third connection step is the step of connecting the wooden horizontal member 70 and the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X via the connecting hardware 15. The third connection step is performed after the first and second connection steps. That is, with the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X resting on the horizontal section 61b of the wooden column 60, the wooden horizontal member 70 and the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X are connected via the connecting hardware 15.

[0090] [Effects of the second embodiment] The effects of the second embodiment will now be explained. In the second embodiment, in addition to the effects (1-1), to (1-3), (1-6), and (1-7) of the first embodiment, the following effects are obtained.

[0091] (2-1) The wooden frame 13 has wooden columns 60. The wooden columns 60 have a horizontal section 61b which serves as a mounting surface on which the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X is placed. The intersection 31a of the upper frame 31 is composed of an upper portion 62 located above the horizontal section 61b of the wooden column 60. The lower frame 32 is composed of a lower portion 63 located below the horizontal section 61b of the wooden column 60.

[0092] With this configuration, since the intersection 31a and the lower structural body 32 are integrally formed, there is no need to connect the intersection 31a and the lower structural body 32. (2-2) With the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X resting on the horizontal section screen 61b of the wooden column 60, the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X and the upper structural body 31 are connected via connecting hardware 15.

[0093] According to this method, the connection work between the steel horizontal member 12 and the upper structural body 31 is performed with the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X supported by the wooden column 60, thus improving safety.

[0094] <Example of changes> The above embodiment is an example of possible forms of the frame 10 and the construction method for the frame 10, and is not intended to limit its form. The frame 10 and the construction method for the frame 10 may take forms different from those exemplified in the above embodiment. Examples of such forms include forms in which some of the configurations of the embodiment are replaced, modified, or omitted, or forms in which new configurations are added to the embodiment. Examples of modifications to the embodiment are shown below.

[0095] The configuration of the connecting hardware 15 may be changed as appropriate. The connecting hardware 15 may have, for example, two L-shaped angles instead of the second hardware 16 and the two splice plates 17. The two L-shaped angles are arranged to sandwich the web 20 of the steel horizontal member 12 in the second direction Y. The L-shaped angle has a plate-shaped first angle component and a plate-shaped second angle component perpendicular to the first angle component. The first angle component is connected to the upper structural component 31. The second angle component is connected to the end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X.

[0096] The second metal fitting 16 of the connecting fitting 15 may be connected to the intersection 31a of the upper structural part 31. In the first embodiment, the second metal fitting 16 may be connected to the first part 53 of the wooden horizontal member 50. In the second embodiment, the second metal fitting 16 may be connected to the upper part 62 of the wooden column 60.

[0097] In the second embodiment, the wooden frame 13 does not have to have two wooden horizontal members 70. That is, the upper frame portion 31 of the wooden frame 13 does not have to have an extension portion 31b. In this case, the second metal fitting 16 is connected to the intersection portion 31a of the upper frame portion 31.

[0098] The end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X does not have to be connected to the second support part 32b of the wooden frame 13. In the second embodiment, the bolts and nuts connecting the second metal fitting 16 and the wooden horizontal member 70, and the bolts and nuts connecting the third metal fitting 18 and the wooden horizontal member 70, do not need to be the same.

[0099] For example, the second metal fitting 16 and the wooden horizontal member 70 may be connected by bolts and nuts, and the third metal fitting 18 and the wooden horizontal member 70 may be connected by drift pins. The number and arrangement of the first bolts B1 are not limited to those of the embodiment described above, and may be changed as appropriate.

[0100] If there are many first bolts B1, when a vertical load is applied to the connection between the second metal fitting 16 and the upper structural frame 31, the portion of the first bolt B1 that protrudes from the upper structural frame 31 may be severed without deforming to the point of being embedded in the wood constituting the upper structural frame 31. For this reason, the number of first bolts B1 may be adjusted to improve the toughness of the connection between the second metal fitting 16 and the upper structural frame 31.

[0101] When the span of the steel horizontal member 12 is large, the central part of the steel horizontal member 12 flexes slightly downward. As a result, a tensile force acts on the part of the upper structural body 31 that is aligned with the upper end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X, while a compressive force acts on the part of the upper structural body 31 that is aligned with the lower end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X.

[0102] Therefore, it is preferable that the first bolt B1 be provided in the upper structural body 31 in a portion aligned with the upper or lower end of the steel horizontal member 12 in the first direction X. It is preferable to reduce the number of first bolts B1 by not providing them in the upper structural body 31 in a portion aligned with the central part of the steel horizontal member 12 in the vertical direction Z in the first direction X.

[0103] <Note> This specification discloses the following technologies: [Note 1] A frame comprising a steel horizontal member extending in a first direction and a wooden frame, wherein the wooden frame has an upper frame portion that is aligned with the steel horizontal member in the first direction when viewed from a second direction intersecting the first direction and is connected to the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction via connecting hardware, and a lower frame portion that is located below the steel horizontal member when viewed from the first direction, the upper frame portion has an intersection with the steel horizontal member aligned in the first direction, and the lower frame portion has a first support portion located below the intersection and a second support portion on which the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction is placed, and the first support portion and the second support portion are integrally formed.

[0104] [Note 2] In the frame structure described in Appendix 1, the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction is connected to the second support by screws.

[0105] [Note 3] In the frame structure described in Appendix 1, the upper structural body has extensions located on both sides of the intersection in the second direction, and the connecting hardware is connected to the extensions.

[0106] [Note 4] In the frame structure described in any one of the appendices 1 to 3, the wooden frame comprises wooden columns and wooden horizontal members that are placed on and connected to the wooden columns, wherein the upper frame is made up of the wooden horizontal members and the lower frame is made up of the wooden columns.

[0107] [Note 5] In the frame structure described in any one of the appendices 1 to 3, the wooden frame has wooden columns having a mounting surface on which the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction is placed, the intersection is composed of the portion of the wooden column located above the aforementioned mounting surface, and the lower frame portion is composed of the portion of the wooden column located below the aforementioned mounting surface.

[0108] [Note 6] In the construction method of the frame described in Appendix 4, with the ends of the wooden horizontal members and the steel horizontal members in the first direction placed on the wooden columns, the ends of the steel horizontal members in the first direction and the wooden horizontal members are connected via the connecting hardware.

[0109] [Note 7] In the construction method of the frame described in Appendix 5, with the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction placed on the aforementioned surface of the wooden column, the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction and the upper structural frame are connected via the connecting hardware. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0110] 10... Frame assembly, 12... Steel horizontal member, 13... Wooden frame, 15... Connecting hardware, 31... Upper frame part, 31a... Intersection part, 31b... Extension part, 32... Lower frame part, 32a ...first support part, 32b...second support part, 40...wooden pillar, 50...wooden horizontal member, 60...wooden pillar, 70...wooden horizontal member, B...screw, X...first direction, Y...second direction.

Claims

1. It comprises a steel horizontal member extending in the first direction and a wooden frame, The aforementioned wooden frame is An upper structural member, viewed from a second direction intersecting the first direction, is aligned with the steel horizontal member in the first direction and connected to the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction via connecting hardware, The lower structural frame, located below the steel horizontal member when viewed from the first direction, It has, The upper structural section has an intersection with the steel horizontal member that is aligned in the first direction, The lower structural body portion includes a first support portion located below the intersection and a second support portion on which the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction is placed. The first support portion and the second support portion are integrally formed. Shaft assembly.

2. The end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction is connected to the second support by screws. The frame assembly according to claim 1.

3. The upper structural body portion has extensions located on both sides of the intersection in the second direction, The aforementioned connecting hardware is connected to the extension portion. The frame assembly according to claim 1.

4. The wooden frame comprises wooden columns and wooden horizontal members that are placed on and connected to the wooden columns. The upper structural section is composed of the wooden horizontal members, The lower structural section is composed of the wooden columns. The frame assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The wooden frame has wooden columns having a mounting surface on which the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction is placed, The aforementioned intersection is formed by the portion of the wooden column located above the aforementioned mounting surface, The aforementioned lower structural portion is composed of the portion of the wooden column located below the aforementioned mounting surface. The frame assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. A method for constructing a frame according to claim 4, With the ends of the wooden horizontal member and the steel horizontal member in the first direction placed on the wooden column, the ends of the steel horizontal member in the first direction and the wooden horizontal member are connected via the connecting hardware. Construction method for timber frame.

7. A method for constructing a frame according to claim 5, With the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction placed on the aforementioned surface of the wooden column, the end of the steel horizontal member in the first direction and the upper structural member are connected via the connecting hardware. Construction method for timber frame.

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