Mist inhaler

Abstract

To solve the problems of a liquid leakage of an electronic vaporizing inhaler, the problems including a first disadvantage in which liquid can leak into the electronic component, which can cause serious damage to the device, and a second disadvantage in which the liquid can leak into the electronic vaporizing inhaler's mouthpiece and a user may inhale unvaporized liquid.SOLUTION: A mist inhaler device (200) for generating mist for inhalation by a user comprises a mist generator device (201) and a driver device (202). The driver device (202) is configured to drive the mist generator device (201) at an optimum frequency to maximize the efficiency of mist generation by the mist generator device (201).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 13

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to mist inhalers. More particularly, the present invention relates to an ultrasonic mist inhaler for atomizing a liquid containing a therapeutic agent for inhalation by a user. [Background Art]

[0002] Mist inhalers are used to generate mist or vapor for a user to inhale. The mist can contain a drug or pharmaceutical agent that is inhaled by the user and absorbed into the user's bloodstream.

[0003] In particular, mist inhalation devices or electronic vapor inhalers have gained popularity among smokers who wish to avoid the tar and other harsh chemicals associated with conventional tobacco and satisfy their craving for nicotine. Electronic vapor inhalers may typically contain liquid nicotine, which is a mixture of nicotine oil, solvents, water, and often flavorings. When a user puffs on an electronic vapor inhaler, liquid nicotine is drawn into the vaporizer where it is heated into vapor. Puffing on the electronic vapor inhaler draws in the nicotine-containing vapor. Such electronic vapor inhalers may have medical purposes.

[0004] Electronic vapor inhalers and other vapor inhalers generally have similar designs. Most electronic vapor inhalers comprise a liquid nicotine reservoir and an inner liner, typically cotton, such as a capillary element that holds the liquid nicotine to prevent leakage from the reservoir. Nevertheless, these devices remain prone to leakage because there is no barrier preventing liquid from seeping out of the membrane to the mouthpiece. Leakage in electronic vapor inhalers is problematic for several reasons. A first disadvantage is that liquid can leak onto electronic components, causing serious damage to the device. A second disadvantage is that liquid can leak into the mouthpiece of the electronic vapor inhaler, potentially leading the user to inhale unvaporized liquid.

[0005] Electronic vaporizers are also known for providing inconsistent doses during inhalation. The aforementioned leaks are one reason for the inconsistent dosage, as the membrane can become supersaturated or undersaturated near the vaporizer. If the membrane is supersaturated, the user may experience a stronger vapor than desired, and if the membrane is undersaturated, the user may experience a weaker vapor than desired. Even slight variations in the user's inhalation strength can cause the dose to become stronger or weaker. Inconsistent dosage, along with leaks, can lead to faster consumption of the vaporizing fluid.

[0006] Furthermore, conventional electronic vaporizers tend to rely on heating a metal heating component, which is configured to heat the liquid inside the e-cigarette, to vaporize the inhalable liquid. Problems with conventional electronic vaporizers include the possibility of the metal catching fire, and subsequently, the possibility of inhaling the metal along with the burnt liquid. Also, some people dislike the burnt smell produced by the heated liquid.

[0007] Therefore, there is a need in the art for improved mist inhalers that attempt to address at least some of the problems described in this book. [Overview of the project]

[0008] According to one embodiment, a mist inhaler is provided for generating a mist for inhalation by a user, and the device comprises the following: A mist generator that includes the following: A long, slender mist generating housing equipped with an air inlet port and a mist outlet port. A liquid chamber provided within a mist generating housing, for containing the liquid to be atomized. Ultrasonic processing chamber located inside the mist generating housing A capillary element extending between a liquid chamber and an ultrasonic chamber, wherein a first portion of the capillary element is located in the liquid chamber and a second portion of the capillary element is located in the ultrasonic chamber. An ultrasonic transducer having a generally planar atomizing surface provided within an ultrasonic processing chamber, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is mounted within the mist generating housing such that the plane of the atomizing surface is substantially parallel to the longitudinal length of the mist generating housing. An ultrasonic processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a portion of a second part of a capillary element overlaps a portion of the atomizing surface, and the ultrasonic transducer is configured to vibrate the atomizing surface to atomize the liquid carried by the second part of the capillary element, thereby generating a mist consisting of the atomized liquid and air within the ultrasonic processing chamber. An airflow configuration providing an air passage between an air inlet port, an ultrasonic processing chamber, and a mist outlet port, wherein the user draws air from the mist outlet port through the inlet port, passes through the ultrasonic processing chamber, and exits through the mist outlet port, and the mist generated in the ultrasonic processing chamber is carried by air through the mist outlet port for inhalation by the user, further comprising: Driver device containing the following: battery An AC driver that converts the voltage from the battery into an AC drive signal of a predetermined frequency to drive an ultrasonic transducer.

[0009] An active power monitoring device for monitoring the active power used by an ultrasonic transducer when the ultrasonic transducer is driven by an AC drive signal, the device providing a monitoring signal indicating the active power used by the ultrasonic transducer. A processor for controlling AC drive and receiving monitoring signals from active power monitoring equipment. Memory that stores instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to do the following: A. Control the AC drive to output an AC drive signal to the ultrasonic transducer at a predetermined sweep frequency. B. Calculate the active power used by the ultrasonic transducer based on the monitoring signal. C. Control the AC driver to modulate the AC drive signal and maximize the active power used by the ultrasonic transducer. D. Record and save in memory the maximum active power used by the ultrasonic transducer and the sweep frequency of the AC drive signal. E. After a predetermined number of iterations, the step AD is repeated a predetermined number of times, with the sweep frequency increasing in each iteration, so that the sweep frequency increases from the sweep start frequency to the sweep end frequency. F. From the records stored in memory, identify the optimal frequency of the AC drive signal, which is the sweep frequency of the AC drive signal at which the ultrasonic transducer uses the maximum active power. G. The AC drive is controlled to output an AC drive signal to the ultrasonic transducer at the optimal frequency, driving the ultrasonic transducer to atomize the liquid.

[0010] In some examples, the driver device is removably mounted to the mist generator so that the driver device can be separated from the mist generator.

[0011] In another embodiment, a mist generator incorporating the following is provided: A long, slender mist generating housing equipped with an air inlet port and a mist outlet port. A liquid chamber provided within a mist generating housing, for containing the liquid to be atomized. Ultrasonic processing chamber located inside the mist generating housing A capillary element extending between a liquid chamber and an ultrasonic chamber, wherein a first portion of the capillary element is located in the liquid chamber and a second portion of the capillary element is located in the ultrasonic chamber. An ultrasonic transducer having a generally planar atomizing surface provided within an ultrasonic processing chamber, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is mounted within the mist generating housing such that the plane of the atomizing surface is substantially parallel to the longitudinal length of the mist generating housing. An ultrasonic processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a portion of a second part of a capillary element overlaps a portion of the atomizing surface, and the ultrasonic transducer is configured to vibrate the atomizing surface to atomize the liquid carried by the second part of the capillary element, thereby generating a mist consisting of the atomized liquid and air within the ultrasonic processing chamber. An airflow configuration that provides an air passage between the air inlet port, the ultrasonic processing chamber, and the air outlet port, such that the user who inhales through the mist outlet port passes through the inlet port, through the ultrasonic processing chamber, and out through the mist outlet port, and a mist inhaler in which the mist generated in the ultrasonic processing chamber is carried out by air through the mist outlet port for inhalation by the user. In some examples, the mist generator is a transducer holder held within a mist generating housing, wherein the transducer element includes a transducer holder that holds an ultrasonic transducer and a second portion of a capillary element superimposed on a portion of the atomizing surface, and a partition that provides a barrier between a liquid chamber and an ultrasonic irradiation chamber, the partition further comprising a partition that constitutes a capillary opening from which a portion of the first portion of the capillary element extends.

[0012] In some examples, the converter holder is made of liquid silicone rubber.

[0013] In some cases, liquid silicone rubber has a hardness of Shore A60.

[0014] In some cases, the capillary opening is an elongated slot with a width of 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

[0015] In some examples, the capillary element is generally planar, having a first part that is generally rectangular in shape and a second part that is partially circular in shape.

[0016] In some examples, the capillary element has a thickness of substantially 0.28 mm.

[0017] In some examples, the capillary element is composed of a first portion and a second portion that are superimposed on each other such that the capillary element has two layers.

[0018] In some examples, the capillary element is at least 75% bamboo fiber.

[0019] In some examples, the capillary element is 100% bamboo fiber.

[0020] In some examples, the airflow arrangement is configured to change the direction of airflow along the airflow path such that when the airflow passes through the sonication chamber, the airflow is substantially perpendicular to the atomizing surface of the ultrasonic transducer.

[0021] In some examples, the direction change of airflow is substantially 90°.

[0022] In some examples, the airflow arrangement provides an airflow path having an average cross-sectional area of substantially 11.5 mm2.

[0023] In some examples, the mist generating device comprises: at least one absorbent element disposed adjacent to the mist outlet port and configured to absorb liquid at the mist outlet port. In some examples, each absorbent element is bamboo fiber.

[0024] In some examples, at least a portion of the mist generating housing is a heterophasic copolymer.

[0025] In some examples, the heterophasic copolymer is polypropylene.

[0026] In some examples, the ultrasonic transducer is circular and has a diameter of substantially 16 mm.

[0027] In some examples, the liquid chamber contains a liquid having a kinematic viscosity between 1.05 Pascal seconds and 1.412 Pascal seconds and a liquid density between 1.1 g / ml and 1.3 g / ml.

[0028] In some examples, the liquid chamber contains nicotine levulinate salt in a 1:1 molar ratio.

[0029] In some examples, the mist generator further comprises an identification device provided in the mist generating housing, the identification device comprising an integrated circuit having a memory for storing a unique identifier for the mist generator, and an electrical connection providing an electronic interface for communicating with the integrated circuit.

[0030] In some examples, the memory of the integrated circuit stores a record of the state of the misting device, indicating either the historical use of the misting device or at least one of the volume of liquid in the liquid chamber.

[0031] According to one embodiment, a driver device for a mist inhaler is provided, the device comprising: battery An AC driver that converts the voltage from the battery into an AC drive signal of a predetermined frequency to drive the ultrasonic transducer. An active power monitoring device for monitoring the active power used by an ultrasonic transducer when the ultrasonic transducer is driven by an AC drive signal, the device providing a monitoring signal indicating the active power used by the ultrasonic transducer. A processor for controlling AC drive and receiving monitoring signals from active power monitoring equipment. Memory that stores instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to do the following: A. Control the AC drive to output an AC drive signal to the ultrasonic transducer at a predetermined sweep frequency. B. Calculate the active power used by the ultrasonic transducer based on the monitoring signal. C. Control the AC driver to modulate the AC drive signal and maximize the active power used by the ultrasonic transducer. D. Record and save in memory the maximum active power used by the ultrasonic transducer and the sweep frequency of the AC drive signal. E. After a predetermined number of iterations, the step AD is repeated a predetermined number of times, with the sweep frequency increasing in each iteration, so that the sweep frequency increases from the sweep start frequency to the sweep end frequency. F. From the records stored in memory, identify the optimal frequency of the AC drive signal, which is the sweep frequency of the AC drive signal at which the ultrasonic transducer uses the maximum active power. G. The AC drive is controlled to output an AC drive signal to the ultrasonic transducer at the optimal frequency, driving the ultrasonic transducer to atomize the liquid.

[0032] In some examples, the active power monitoring device includes a current sensing device for sensing the drive current of the AC drive signal that drives the ultrasonic transducer, and the active power monitoring device provides a monitoring signal indicating the sensed drive current.

[0033] In some examples, current sensing devices include an analog-to-digital converter that converts the sensed drive current into a digital signal for processing by a processor.

[0034] In some examples, memory stores instructions that, when executed by the processor, instruct the processor to repeatedly perform a step AD where the sweep frequency increases from a sweep start frequency of 2900 kHz to a sweep end frequency of 2960 kHz.

[0035] In some examples, memory stores instructions for the processor to repeatedly perform a step AD, where the sweep frequency increases from a sweep start frequency of 2900 kHz to a sweep end frequency of 3100 kHz, when executed by the processor.

[0036] In some examples, memory stores an instruction that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to control the AC drive so that in step G, the ultrasonic transducer outputs an AC drive signal at a frequency shifted by a predetermined amount from the optimal frequency.

[0037] In some examples, a given shift amount is between 1-10% of the optimal frequency.

[0038] In some examples, the battery is a 3.7V DC Li-Po battery.

[0039] In some examples, the driver device further includes pressure sensors for sensing the airflow along the driver device flow path extending through the driver device.

[0040] In some examples, the driver device further comprises a wireless communication system that communicates with the processor, and the wireless communication system is configured to transmit and receive data between the driver device and the computing device.

[0041] In some examples, the driver device further comprises a driver device housing which is at least partly metal, the driver device housing accommodating a battery, processor, memory, active power monitoring equipment and AC drive, and the driver device housing includes recesses for receiving and holding a portion of the mist generator.

[0042] In some cases, AC drive modulates the AC drive signal by pulse width modulation to maximize the active power used by the ultrasonic transducer.

[0043] It should be noted that the term “mist” as used in the following disclosure means that the liquid is not heated as is typically done in conventional inhalers known from the prior art. In fact, conventional inhalers use a heating element to heat the liquid above its boiling point to generate vapor, which is different from mist.

[0044] In fact, when a liquid is ultrasonically treated with high intensity, the sound waves propagating through the liquid medium alternate between high-pressure (compression) and low-pressure (dilution) cycles at different speeds depending on the frequency. In the low-pressure cycle, the high-intensity ultrasound creates tiny vacuum bubbles and voids in the liquid. When these bubbles reach a volume where they can no longer absorb energy, they collapse violently in the high-pressure cycle. This phenomenon is called cavitation. At this time, extremely high pressure is generated locally. In cavitation, broken capillary waves are generated, and tiny droplets that have broken the surface tension of the liquid are rapidly released into the air as a mist.

[0045] The cavitation phenomenon will be explained in more detail below.

[0046] When a liquid is atomized by ultrasonic vibrations, tiny water bubbles are generated within the liquid.

[0047] The formation of these bubbles is a cavity formation process caused by negative pressure resulting from strong ultrasonic waves generated by ultrasonic vibrations.

[0048] During a positive pressure cycle, the cavity size becomes relatively small and negligible, leading to rapid cavity growth due to high-intensity ultrasound.

[0049] Ultrasound, like other sound waves, consists of cycles of compression and expansion. When in contact with a liquid, the compression cycle applies positive pressure to the liquid, pushing molecules together. The expansion cycle applies negative pressure, pulling molecules apart.

[0050] Strong ultrasound creates positive and negative pressure regions. Cavities can form and grow under negative pressure. When a cavity reaches a critical size, it collapses.

[0051] The required negative pressure varies depending on the type and purity of the liquid. For highly pure liquids, the tensile strength is so high that commercially available ultrasonic generators cannot generate sufficient negative pressure to form a cavity. For example, pure water requires a negative pressure of over 1,000 atmospheres, but even the most powerful ultrasonic generators only produce about 50 atmospheres. The tensile strength of a liquid is reduced by gas trapped in the gaps between liquid particles. This effect is similar to the strength reduction caused by cracks in solid materials. When a negative pressure cycle using sound waves is applied to a gas-filled gap, the pressure drop causes the gas in the gap to expand, releasing small bubbles into the solution.

[0052] However, bubbles exposed to ultrasound continue to absorb energy by repeatedly undergoing cycles of compression and expansion caused by the sound waves. This causes the bubbles to grow and contract, maintaining a dynamic balance between the voids inside the bubbles and the surrounding liquid. Ultrasound can also change the size of the bubbles, and in some cases, it can increase the average size of the bubbles.

[0053] Cavity growth depends on sound intensity. High-intensity ultrasound can rapidly expand the cavity during negative pressure cycles, leaving no opportunity for the cavity to contract during positive pressure cycles. In this way, the cavity can grow rapidly within a single sound wave cycle.

[0054] In the case of low-intensity ultrasound, the size of the cavity vibrates in phase with the expansion and compression cycles. The surface of the cavity created by low-intensity ultrasound becomes slightly larger during the expansion cycle than during the compression cycle. Since the amount of gas entering and leaving the cavity depends on the surface area, diffusion into the cavity is slightly greater during the expansion cycle than during the compression cycle. In other words, with each sound cycle, the cavity expands slightly more than it contracts. Over many repetitions, the cavity slowly grows larger.

[0055] It is known that the grown cavity eventually reaches a critical size at which it most efficiently absorbs ultrasonic energy. This critical size depends on the ultrasonic frequency. If the cavity grows very rapidly due to high-intensity ultrasonic waves, it can no longer efficiently absorb energy from the ultrasound. Without this energy input, the cavity can no longer maintain itself. Liquid rushes in, and the cavity collapses due to a nonlinear response.

[0056] The energy released by the implosion breaks the liquid down into fine particles, which are then dispersed into the air as a mist.

[0057] The equations describing the above nonlinear response phenomena can be expressed by the Rayleigh-Presset equations. These equations can be derived from the Navier-Stokes equations used in fluid dynamics.

[0058] The inventors' approach was to rewrite the Rayleigh-Presset equation, which uses bubble volume V as a dynamic parameter and describes dissipation in the same way as the more classical form used with radius as the dynamic parameter.

[0059] This equation is derived as follows:

[0060]

number

[0061] In ultrasonic misting inhalers, the kinematic viscosity of the liquid is between 1.05 Pascals-seconds and 1.412 Pascals-seconds.

[0062] By solving the above equation with viscosity, density, and the desired target bubble volume for liquid atomization into air as appropriate parameters, it has been found that a frequency range of 2.8 MHz to 3.2 MHz produces a bubble volume of approximately 0.25 microns to 0.5 microns for liquid viscosities in the ranges of 1.05 Pascals and 1.412 Pascals.

[0063] The ultrasonic cavitation process significantly affects the nicotine concentration in the generated mist.

[0064] Because it does not use a heating element, there is no risk of the heating element burning, and the effects of secondhand smoke can be reduced.

[0065] In some examples, the liquid contains 57-70% (w / w) vegetable glycerin and 30-43% (w / w) propylene glycol, wherein the propylene glycol contains nicotine and optionally flavorings.

[0066] In an ultrasonic mist inhaler, the capillary element may extend between the ultrasonic treatment chamber and the liquid chamber.

[0067] In an ultrasonic mist inhaler, the capillary elements are made of a material that is at least partially bamboo fiber.

[0068] The capillary element enables not only high absorption capacity and high absorption rate, but also high liquid retention.

[0069] The unique properties of the proposed materials used in the capillaries were found to have a significant impact on the efficient function of the ultrasonic mist inhaler.

[0070] Furthermore, a unique property of this material is that it maintains good moisture permeability while also possessing good hygroscopic properties. This allows the aspirated liquid to efficiently penetrate the capillaries, and its high water absorption capacity enables it to hold a large amount of liquid, allowing the ultrasonic mist inhaler to be used for a longer period compared to other commercially available products.

[0071] Another major advantage of using bamboo fiber is that it has antibacterial, antifungal, and deodorizing properties due to "kun," a naturally occurring antimicrobial biological agent found within the bamboo fiber, making it suitable for medical applications.

[0072] These unique properties of bamboo fiber have been verified through numerical analysis regarding the advantages of bamboo fiber in ultrasonic treatment.

[0073] The following formula has been tested with bamboo fiber material and other materials such as cotton, paper, or other fiber strands for use as capillary elements, demonstrating that bamboo fiber has far superior properties for use in ultrasonic processing:

[0074]

number

[0075]

number

[0076] In an ultrasonic mist inhaler, the capillary elements can be made of a material in which at least a portion is bamboo fiber.

[0077] In an ultrasonic mist inhaler, the material for the capillary element can be 100% bamboo fiber.

[0078] Extensive testing has concluded that 100% pure bamboo fiber is the most optimal choice for ultrasonic treatment.

[0079] In ultrasonic mist inhalers, the material of the capillary elements may be at least 75% bamboo fiber, with an optional 25% cotton.

[0080] Capillary elements made from 100% pure bamboo fiber or a high percentage of bamboo fiber not only exhibit high absorption capacity but also possess improved fluid permeability, making them an optimal choice for ultrasonic mist inhaler applications.

[0081] In an ultrasonic mist inhaler, the capillary element may have a flat shape.

[0082] In an ultrasonic mist inhaler, the capillary element may consist of a central portion and a peripheral portion.

[0083] In an ultrasonic mist inhaler, the peripheral portion may have an L-shaped cross-section extending toward the liquid chamber.

[0084] In an ultrasonic mist inhaler, the central portion may have a U-shaped cross-section that extends to the ultrasonic irradiation chamber.

[0085] An ultrasonic mist inhaler according to one example, characterized in that the liquid received in the liquid chamber contains 57-70% (w / w) vegetable glycerin and 30-43% (w / w) propylene glycol, and the propylene glycol contains nicotine and a fragrance.

[0086] Ultrasonic mist inhalers or personal ultrasonic misting devices include: A liquid reservoir structure including a liquid chamber or cartridge adapted to receive the liquid to be atomized. Ultrasonic irradiation chamber in fluid communication with a liquid chamber or cartridge The liquid received in the liquid chamber contains 57-70% (w / w) vegetable glycerin and 30-43% (w / w) propylene glycol, the propylene glycol containing nicotine and flavoring. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0087] To make the present invention easier to understand, embodiments of the present invention will now be described by example with reference to the accompanying drawings: [Figure 1] Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of the components of an ultrasonic mist inhaler. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the components of the inhaler liquid reservoir structure. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the components of the inhaler liquid reservoir structure. [Figure 4A]Figure 4A is an isometric view of the airflow member of the inhaler liquid reservoir structure shown in Figures 2 and 3. [Figure 4B] Figure 4B is a cross-sectional view of the air blower shown in Figure 4A. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing a piezoelectric transducer modeled as an RLC circuit. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is a graph of frequency versus logarithmic impedance for an RLC circuit. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is a graph of frequency versus logarithmic impedance showing the inductive and capacitive operating regions of a piezoelectric transducer. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the frequency controller. [Figure 9] Figure 9 is a schematic perspective view of the mist inhaler of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] Figure 10 is a schematic perspective view of the mist inhaler of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] Figure 11 is a perspective view of the mist generating apparatus of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] Figure 12 is a perspective view of the mist generating apparatus of the present disclosure. [Figure 13] Figure 13 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the mist generator of the present disclosure. [Figure 14] Figure 14 is a perspective view of the converter holder of this disclosure. [Figure 15] Figure 15 is a perspective view of the converter holder of the present disclosure. [Figure 16] Figure 16 is a perspective view of the capillary element of this disclosure. [Figure 17] Figure 17 is a perspective view of the capillary element of this disclosure. [Figure 18] Figure 18 is a perspective view of the converter holder of the present disclosure. [Figure 19] Figure 19 is a perspective view of the converter holder of this disclosure. [Figure 20] Figure 20 is an illustrative perspective view of a portion of the housing of this disclosure. [Figure 21]Figure 21 is a perspective view of the absorbent element of this disclosure. [Figure 22] Figure 22 is an illustrative perspective view of a portion of the housing of this disclosure. [Figure 23] Figure 23 is an illustrative perspective view of a portion of the housing of this disclosure. [Figure 24] Figure 24 is a perspective view of the absorbent element of this disclosure. [Figure 25] Figure 25 is an illustrative perspective view of a portion of the housing of this disclosure. [Figure 26] Figure 26 is an illustrative perspective view of a portion of the housing of this disclosure. [Figure 27] Figure 27 is an illustrative perspective view of a portion of the housing of this disclosure. [Figure 28] Figure 28 is an illustrative perspective view of the circuit board of this disclosure. [Figure 29] Figure 29 is an illustrative perspective view of the circuit board of this disclosure. [Figure 30] Figure 30 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the mist generator of the present disclosure. [Figure 31] Figure 31 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the mist generator of the present disclosure. [Figure 32] Figure 32 is a cross-sectional view showing the mist generating apparatus of this disclosure. [Figure 33] Figure 33 is a cross-sectional view showing the mist generating apparatus of this disclosure. [Figure 34] Figure 34 is a cross-sectional view showing the mist generating apparatus of this disclosure. [Figure 35] Figure 35 is an exploded perspective view of the driver device of the present disclosure. [Figure 36] Figure 36 is a perspective view showing a part of the driver device of this disclosure. [Figure 37] Figure 37 is a perspective view showing a part of the driver device of this disclosure. [Figure 38] Figure 38 is a perspective view showing a part of the driver device of this disclosure. [Figure 39] Figure 39 is a perspective view showing a part of the driver device of this disclosure. [Figure 40] Figure 40 is a perspective view showing a part of the driver device of this disclosure. [Figure 41] Figure 41 is a perspective view showing a part of the driver device of this disclosure. [Figure 42] Figure 42 is a perspective view showing a part of the driver device of this disclosure. [Figure 43] Figure 43 is a perspective view of the end cap of the driver device of this disclosure. [Figure 44] Figure 44 is a perspective view of the housing of the driver device of this disclosure. [Figure 45] Figure 45 is a graph showing the results of EMC tests on the mist inhaler of this disclosure. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0088] Detailed explanation The aspects of this disclosure will be best understood from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the attached figures. Note that, in accordance with standard practice in this industry, various features are not depicted to scale. In fact, the dimensions of various features may be increased or decreased as appropriate for the sake of clarity in the discussion.

[0089] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for carrying out different features of the subject matter provided. Specific examples of components, concentrations, uses, and arrangements are described below for the sake of brevity of this disclosure. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope. For example, the mounting of the first and second features in the following description may include embodiments in which the first and second features are mounted in direct contact, or it may include embodiments in which an additional feature may be positioned between the first and second features so that the first and second features are not in direct contact. In addition, this disclosure may repeat reference numerals and / or letters in various examples. This repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate relationships between the various embodiments and / or configurations discussed.

[0090] The following disclosures describe representative examples. Each example may be considered an embodiment, and in this disclosure, the reference to “example” may be replaced with “embodiment.”

[0091] Some parts of this disclosure are directed towards electronic vaporizing inhalers. However, other examples are also conceivable, such as inhalers for therapeutic drugs, medicines, and herbal supplements. Furthermore, the device can be packaged to look more like an object than a cigarette. For example, the device could resemble other smoking implements such as pipes, water pipes, or slides, or other objects unrelated to smoking.

[0092] Ultrasonic mist inhalers are either disposable or reusable. As used in this document, the term “reusable” means that the energy storage device is rechargeable or replaceable, or that the liquid can be replenished either by refilling or by replacing the liquid storage structure. Alternatively, in some examples, a reusable electronic device is both rechargeable and can have its liquid replenished.

[0093] Conventional electronic vaporizers tend to rely on inducing high temperatures in metal components configured to heat the liquid inside the inhaler, thereby vaporizing the inhalable liquid. The liquid typically contains nicotine and flavorings blended in a solution of propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerin (VG), which are vaporized via the heating component at high temperatures. Problems with conventional inhalers include the possibility of the metal catching fire, and subsequently inhaling the metal along with the burnt liquid. Also, some people dislike the burnt smell and taste from the heated liquid.

[0094] Figures 1-4 show an example of an ultrasonic inhaler that constitutes an ultrasonic treatment chamber.

[0095] Figure 1 illustrates a disposable ultrasonic mist inhaler 100. As can be seen from Figure 1, the ultrasonic mist inhaler 100 has a cylindrical body that is relatively long relative to its diameter. In terms of shape and appearance, the ultrasonic mist inhaler 100 is designed to mimic the appearance of a typical cigarette. For example, the inhaler may comprise a first part 101 that mainly mimics the tobacco stick portion of a cigarette, and a second part 102 that mainly mimics the filter. In the disposable example, the first and second parts are areas of a single, but separable, device. The designations first part 101 and second part 102 are used for convenience to distinguish the components mainly contained in each part.

[0096] As can be seen in Figure 1, the ultrasonic mist inhaler consists of a mouthpiece 1, a liquid reservoir structure 2, and a casing 3. The first part 101 constitutes the casing 3, and the second part 102 constitutes the mouthpiece 1 and the reservoir structure 2.

[0097] The first part 101 contains power energy.

[0098] The power storage device 30 supplies power to the ultrasonic mist inhaler 100. The power storage device 30 may be, but is not limited to, a battery such as a lithium-ion battery, alkaline battery, zinc-carbon battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, supercapacitor, or a combination thereof. In a disposable example, the power storage device 30 is not rechargeable, but in a reusable example, the power storage device 30 would be selected to be rechargeable. In a disposable example, the power storage device 30 is mainly selected to supply a constant voltage over the lifespan of the inhaler 100. Otherwise, the performance of the inhaler will degrade over time. Preferred power storage devices that can provide a constant voltage output over the lifespan of the device include lithium-ion batteries and lithium polymer batteries.

[0099] The electrical storage device 30 has a first end 30a that generally corresponds to a positive terminal and a second end 30b that generally corresponds to a negative terminal. The negative terminal extends to the first end 30a.

[0100] Since the energy storage device 30 is located in the first part 101 and the liquid reservoir structure 2 is located in the second part 102, the joint needs to provide electrical communication between these components. In this invention, electrical communication is established using at least electrodes or probes that are compressed together when the first part 101 is fastened to the second part 102.

[0101] In this example, the energy storage device 30 is rechargeable for reuse. The casing 3 is provided with a charging port 32.

[0102] The integrated circuit 4 has a proximal end 4a and a distal end 4b. The positive terminal of the first end 30a of the electrical storage device 30 is in electrical communication with the positive lead of the flexible integrated circuit 4. The negative terminal of the second end 30b of the electrical storage device 30 is in electrical communication with the negative lead of the integrated circuit 4. The distal end 4b of the integrated circuit 4 comprises a microprocessor. The microprocessor is configured to process data from the sensor, control the light, instruct the ultrasonic vibration 5 in the second part 102 to flow current, and terminate the current flow after a pre-programmed time.

[0103] The sensor detects when the ultrasonic mist inhaler 100 is in use (when the user inhales from the inhaler) and activates the microprocessor. The sensor can be selected to detect changes in pressure, airflow, or vibration. In one example, the sensor is a pressure sensor. In digital devices, the sensor performs continuous readings, and as a result, the digital sensor needs to continuously draw current, but the amount is small and will have a negligible impact on the overall battery life.

[0104] In some examples, the integrated circuit 4 constitutes an H-bridge, which may be formed by four MOSFETs to convert DC to AC at high frequencies.

[0105] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, an illustration of an example of a liquid reservoir structure 2 is shown. The liquid reservoir structure 2 consists of a liquid chamber 21 adapted to receive the liquid to be atomized, and an ultrasonic treatment chamber 22 that is in fluid communication with the liquid chamber 21.

[0106] In the example shown, the liquid reservoir structure 2 includes an intake channel 20 that provides an air passage from the ultrasonic processing chamber 22 to the surroundings.

[0107] As an example of a sensor location, the sensor may be placed in the ultrasonic irradiation chamber 22.

[0108] The inhalation channel 20 has a conical portion 20a and an internal container 20b.

[0109] As shown in Figures 4A and 4B, the intake channel 20 further includes an airflow member 27 for supplying airflow from the surroundings to the ultrasonic processing chamber 22.

[0110] The airflow member 27 has an integrally formed airflow bridge 27a and an airflow duct 27b, the airflow bridge 27a having two airway openings 27a' that form part of the intake channel 20, and the airflow duct 27b extending from the airflow bridge 27a into the ultrasonic treatment chamber 22 to provide airflow from the surroundings into the ultrasonic treatment chamber.

[0111] The airflow bridge 27a cooperates with the conical element 20a at the second diameter 20a2.

[0112] The airflow bridge 27a has two opposing peripheral openings 27a'' that supply airflow to the airflow duct 27b.

[0113] The cooperation between the airflow bridge 27a and the frustration conical element 20a is such that the two opposing peripheral openings 27a'' cooperate with the complementary opening 20a'' of the frustration conical element 20a. It will be placed there.

[0114] The nozzle 1 and the conical section 20a are spaced apart radially, with the airflow chamber 28 positioned between them.

[0115] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the mouthpiece 1 has two opposing peripheral openings 1''.

[0116] The peripheral openings 27a'', 20a'', 1'', of the airflow bridge 27a, the frustrated conical element 20a, and the mouthpiece 1 directly supply the maximum airflow to the ultrasonic treatment chamber 22.

[0117] The conical element 20a includes an internal passage aligned in the same direction as the intake channel 20, and has an internal passage such that the first diameter 20a1 is smaller than that of the second diameter 20a2, and the internal passage decreases in diameter over the conical element 20a.

[0118] The conical element 20a is positioned in alignment with the ultrasonic vibration means 5 and the capillary element 7, with a first diameter 20a1 communicating with the internal duct 11 of the mouthpiece 1 and a second diameter 20a2 communicating with the internal container 20b.

[0119] The inner container 20b has an inner wall that separates the ultrasonic irradiation chamber 22 and the liquid chamber 21.

[0120] The liquid reservoir structure 2 has an outer container 20c that partitions the outer wall of the liquid chamber 21.

[0121] The inner container 20b and the outer container 20c are the inner and outer walls of the liquid chamber 21, respectively.

[0122] The liquid reservoir structure 2 is positioned between the nozzle 1 and the casing 3 and is detachable from the nozzle 1 and the casing 3.

[0123] The liquid reservoir structure 2 and the mouthpiece 1 or casing 3 may include complementary arrangements for engaging with each other; further, such complementary arrangements may include bayonet-type arrangements; screw-engagement-type arrangements; magnetic arrangements; or friction-fit arrangements, where the liquid reservoir structure 2 includes a portion of the arrangement and the mouthpiece 1 or casing 3 includes a complementary portion of the arrangement.

[0124] In the reusable example, the components are substantially the same. The difference between the reusable example and the disposable example lies in the housing used to replace the liquid reservoir structure 2.

[0125] As shown in Figure 3, the liquid chamber 21 has an upper wall 23 and a bottom wall 25 that close the inner container 20b and the outer container 20c of the liquid chamber 21.

[0126] The capillary element 7 is positioned between the first part 20b1 and the second part 20b2 of the inner container 20b.

[0127] The capillary element 7 has a flat shape that extends from the ultrasonic irradiation chamber to the liquid chamber.

[0128] As shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3, the capillary element 7 consists of a U-shaped central part 7a and an L-shaped peripheral part 7b.

[0129] The L-shaped portion 7b extends along the bottom wall 25 into the liquid chamber 21 on the inner container 20b.

[0130] The U-shaped portion 7a is housed within the ultrasonic irradiation chamber 21. The U-shaped portion 7a is positioned on the inner container 20b so as to follow the bottom wall 25.

[0131] In the ultrasonic misting inhaler, the U-shaped portion 7a has an inner portion 7a1 and an outer portion 7a2, the inner portion 7a1 is in surface contact with the atomizing surface 50 of the ultrasonic vibration means 5, and the outer portion 7a2 is not in surface contact with the ultrasonic vibration means 5.

[0132] The bottom wall 25 of the liquid chamber 21 is a bottom plate 25 that seals the liquid chamber 21 and the ultrasonic irradiation chamber 22. Since the bottom plate 25 is sealed, leakage of liquid from the ultrasonic irradiation chamber 22 to the casing 3 is prevented.

[0133] The base plate 25 has an upper surface 25a with a recess 25b into which the elastic member 8 is inserted. The ultrasonic vibration means 5 is supported by the elastic member 8. The elastic member 8 is formed from an annular plate-shaped rubber having an inner hole 8' designed with a groove for holding the ultrasonic vibration means 5.

[0134] The upper wall 23 of the liquid chamber 21 is a cap 23 that closes the liquid chamber 23.

[0135] The top wall 23 has an upper surface 23 that represents the maximum level of liquid that the liquid chamber 21 can accommodate, and a lower surface 25 that represents the minimum level of liquid in the liquid chamber 21.

[0136] Since the top wall 23 is sealed, leakage of liquid from the liquid chamber 21 to the nozzle 1 is prevented.

[0137] The top wall 23 and the bottom wall 25 are fixed to the liquid storage structure 2 by fastening means such as screws, adhesives, or friction.

[0138] As shown in Figure 3, the elastic member is in line contact with the ultrasonic vibration means 5, and by preventing contact between the ultrasonic vibration means 5 and the wall of the inhaler, vibration of the liquid reservoir structure is more effectively suppressed. Therefore, the fine particles of the liquid atomized by the atomizing member can be sprayed over a greater distance.

[0139] As shown in Figure 3, the inner container 20b has an opening 20b' between the first part 20b1 and the second part 20b2, through which a capillary element 7 extends from the ultrasonic treatment chamber 21. The capillary element 7 absorbs liquid from the liquid chamber 21 through the opening 20b'. The capillary element 7 is a wick. The capillary element 7 transports the liquid to the ultrasonic irradiation chamber 22 by capillary action. In some examples, the capillary element 7 is made of bamboo fiber. In some examples, the capillary element 7 may have a thickness between 0.27 mm and 0.32 mm and a density between 38 g / m² and 48 g / m².

[0140] As can be seen from Figure 3, the ultrasonic vibration means 5 is positioned directly below the capillary element 7.

[0141] The ultrasonic vibration means 5 may be a transducer. For example, the ultrasonic vibration means 5 may be a piezoelectric transducer, and may be designed in the shape of a circular plate. The material of the piezoelectric transducer may be ceramic.

[0142] Furthermore, various transducer materials can be used for the ultrasonic vibration means 5.

[0143] The end of the air duct 27b1 faces the ultrasonic vibration means 5. The ultrasonic vibration means 5 is electrically in contact with the electrical contactors 101a and 101b. Notably, the distal end 4b of the integrated circuit 4 has an inner electrode and an outer electrode. The inner electrode contacts the first electrical contact 101a, which is a spring contact probe, and the outer electrode contacts the second electrical contact 101b, which is a side pin. Through the integrated circuit 4, the first electrical contact 101a communicates electrically with the positive terminal of the energy storage device 30 via a microprocessor, and the second electrical contact 101b communicates electrically with the negative terminal of the energy storage device 30.

[0144] Electrical contacts 101a and 101b traverse the bottom plate 25. The bottom plate 25 is positioned to be received inside the peripheral wall 26 of the liquid storage structure 2. The bottom plate 25 rests on complementary ridges, thereby forming the liquid chamber 21 and the ultrasonic irradiation chamber 22.

[0145] The inner container 20b consists of a circular inner slot 20d to which a mechanical spring is applied.

[0146] By pressing the central portion 7a1 against the ultrasonic vibration means 5, the mechanical spring 9 ensures a contact surface between them.

[0147] The liquid reservoir structure 2 and the bottom plate 25 can be made using various thermoplastic materials.

[0148] When a user inhales into the ultrasonic mist inhaler 100, airflow is drawn in through the peripheral opening 1'', passes through the airflow chamber 28, through the peripheral opening 27a'' of the airflow bridge 27a and the frustconical element 20a, flows down through the airflow duct 27b into the ultrasonic processing chamber 22, and directly comes into contact with the capillary element 7. Simultaneously, liquid is drawn into the capillary element 7 from the reservoir chamber 21 through multiple openings 20b' by capillary action. The capillary element 7 brings the liquid into contact with the ultrasonic vibration means 5 of the inhaler 100. In addition, the user's inhalation activates the integrated circuit 4, which in turn conducts an electric current to the ultrasonic vibration means 5. Thus, when a user draws into the mouthpiece 1 of the inhaler 100, two actions occur simultaneously. First, the sensor activates the integrated circuit 4, which triggers the ultrasonic vibration means 5 to start vibrating. Secondly, the trigger reduces the pressure outside the reservoir chamber 21 so that the liquid begins to flow through the opening 20b', which saturates the capillary element 7. The capillary element 7 then carries the liquid to the ultrasonic vibration means 5, which causes bubbles to form in the capillary passage and atomize the liquid. The atomized liquid is then sucked in by the user.

[0149] In some examples, the integrated circuit 4 includes a frequency controller configured to control the frequency on which the ultrasonic vibration means 5 operates. The frequency controller comprises a processor and memory, the memory storing executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform at least one function of the frequency controller.

[0150] As described above, in some examples, the ultrasonic mist inhaler 100 drives the ultrasonic vibrating means 5 with a signal having a frequency of 2.8 MHz to 3.2 MHz to vaporize a liquid having a viscosity of 1.05 Pascal seconds to 1.412 Pascal seconds in order to produce a bubble volume of about 0.25–0.5 microns. However, for liquids with different viscosities or for other applications, it may be possible to drive the ultrasonic vibrating means 5 with different frequencies.

[0151] For each different application of the mist generator, there is an optimal frequency or frequency range for driving the ultrasonic vibration means 5 to optimize mist generation. In the example where the ultrasonic vibration means 5 is a piezoelectric transducer, the optimal frequency or frequency range will depend on at least the following four parameters.

[0152] 1. Manufacturing process of the converter In some examples, the ultrasonic vibration means 5 consists of piezoelectric ceramic. Piezoelectric ceramics are manufactured by mixing compounds to create a ceramic base, but this mixing process may not be consistent throughout the manufacturing process. This non-uniformity can result in variations in the resonant frequency of the cured piezoelectric ceramic.

[0153] If the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic does not correspond to the required operating frequency of the device, mist will not be generated during operation. In the case of nicotine mist inhalers, even a slight deviation in the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic can affect mist generation, meaning that the device will not be able to provide the user with the appropriate level of nicotine.

[0154] 2. Load on the converter During operation, when the load on the piezoelectric transducer changes, the vibration displacement of the entire piezoelectric transducer is suppressed. To optimally displace the vibration of the piezoelectric transducer, the drive frequency must be adjusted so that the circuit can supply sufficient power for the maximum displacement.

[0155] Types of loads that affect oscillator efficiency include the amount of liquid on the transducer (humidity of the wicking material) and the spring force applied to the wicking material to maintain permanent contact with the transducer. Electrical connection methods may also be included.

[0156] 3.Temperature The ultrasonic vibrations of the piezoelectric transducer are partially attenuated by incorporating them into the device. One possible method is to place the transducer in a silicone / rubber ring and apply pressure to the wicking material above the transducer using a spring. This vibration attenuation causes a localized increase in temperature on and around the transducer.

[0157] Rising temperature affects the oscillator's vibrations due to changes in the molecular behavior of the transducer. Increased temperature imparts more energy to the ceramic molecules, temporarily affecting their crystal structure. This effect reverses as the temperature decreases, but modulation of the supplied frequency is necessary to maintain optimal oscillation. This frequency modulation was not possible with conventional fixed-frequency devices.

[0158] Furthermore, as the temperature rises, the viscosity of the vaporized solution (e-liquid) decreases, which may necessitate changing the drive frequency to induce cavitation and maintain continuous mist generation. In the case of conventional fixed-frequency devices, lowering the viscosity of the liquid without changing the drive frequency will reduce or completely stop mist generation, rendering the device inoperable.

[0159] 4. Distance to the power source The oscillation frequency of an electronic circuit can vary depending on the wiring length between the converter and the oscillator-driver. The frequency of an electronic circuit is inversely proportional to the distance between the converter and the rest of the circuit.

[0160] While distance parameters are primarily fixed to the device, they can change during the manufacturing process, potentially reducing the overall efficiency of the device. Therefore, it is desirable to adjust the device's drive frequency to compensate for these fluctuations and optimize its efficiency.

[0161] A piezoelectric transducer can be modeled as an RLC circuit in an electronic circuit, as shown in Figure 5. The four parameters mentioned above can be modeled as changes in the inductance, capacitance, and resistance of the entire RLC circuit, which can change the resonant frequency range supplied to the transducer. As the circuit frequency rises to near the transducer's resonant point, the logarithmic impedance of the entire circuit drops to a minimum, then rises to a maximum, and then settles in the middle range. Figure 6 is a general graph illustrating the change in overall impedance with increasing frequency in an RLC circuit. Figure 7 shows how a piezoelectric transducer acts as a capacitor in the first capacitive region at frequencies below the first predetermined frequency fs, and in the second capacitive region at frequencies above the second predetermined frequency fp. The piezoelectric transducer acts as an inductive

[0162] In some examples, the frequency controller of the device is configured to maintain the oscillation frequency of the piezoelectric transducer (ultrasonic vibration means 5) within the induction range in order to maximize the efficiency of the device.

[0163] The frequency controller is configured to perform a sweep operation, driving the converter at a frequency that is progressively tracked over a predetermined sweep frequency range. While the frequency controller performs the sweep, it monitors the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) value of the analog-to-digital converter coupled to the converter. In some examples, the ADC value is an ADC parameter proportional to the voltage across the converter. In other examples, the ADC value is an ADC parameter proportional to the current flowing through the converter.

[0164] As will be explained in more detail below, some examples of frequency controllers determine the active power used by the ultrasonic transducer by monitoring the current flowing through the transducer.

[0165] During the sweep operation, the frequency controller searches for an inductive frequency range for the transducer. Once the frequency controller identifies the inductive range, it records the ADC value and locks the transducer's drive frequency within the inductive range (i.e., between first and second predetermined frequencies fs, fp) to optimize ultrasonic cavitation by the transducer. When the drive frequency is locked within the inductive range, the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the transducer is maximized, thereby maximizing the efficiency of the device.

[0166] In some examples, the frequency controller is configured to perform a sweep operation to determine the position of the inductive region each time the oscillation is started or restarted. In one example, the frequency controller is configured to lock the drive frequency at a new frequency within the inductive region each time the oscillation is started, thereby compensating for changes in parameters that affect the operational efficiency of the device.

[0167] In some cases, frequency controllers ensure optimal mist generation and maximize the efficiency of drug delivery to the user. In other cases, frequency controllers optimize the device, improve efficiency, and maximize nicotine delivery to the user.

[0168] In other examples, frequency controllers optimize devices and improve the efficiency of any other devices that use ultrasound. In some cases, frequency controllers are configured for use with ultrasound technology in therapeutic applications to enhance drug release from ultrasound-responsive drug delivery systems. Having a precise and optimal frequency during operation ensures that microbubbles, nanobubbles, nanodroplets, liposomes, emulsions, micelles, or any other delivery system are highly effective.

[0169] In some cases, the frequency controller is configured to operate in recursive mode to ensure optimal mist generation and optimal compound delivery as described above. When the frequency controller operates in recursive mode, it periodically sweeps the frequency during the operation of the device and monitors the ADC value to determine whether the ADC value is above a predetermined threshold indicating optimal oscillation of the converter.

[0170] In some examples, the frequency controller performs a sweep operation while the device is in the process of aerosolizing the liquid, in case the frequency controller can identify a possible better frequency for the converter. If the frequency controller identifies a better frequency, it locks the drive frequency to the newly identified better frequency to maintain optimal operation of the device.

[0171] In some examples, the frequency controller periodically performs a frequency sweep for a predetermined duration during the operation of the device. In the example devices described above, the predetermined duration of the sweep and the time interval between sweeps are selected to optimize the function of the device. When implemented in an ultrasonic mist inhaler, this ensures optimal delivery to the user throughout the user's inhalation.

[0172] Figure 8 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of several example frequency controllers.

[0173] The following disclosures further examples of mist inhalers comprising many of the same elements as the examples described above.

[0174] The elements of the examples described above may be replaced with any of the elements of the examples described in the remainder of this disclosure.

[0175] To ensure sufficient aerosol generation, in this example, the mist inhaler consists of an ultrasonic / piezoelectric transducer with a diameter of exactly or substantially 16 mm. This transducer is manufactured to specific capacitance and impedance values ​​to control the frequency and power required for the desired aerosol volume generation.

[0176] Placing a 16mm diameter disc-shaped ultrasonic transducer horizontally would make the device large and potentially ergonomically unsuitable for handheld use. To mitigate this concern, the ultrasonic transducer in this example is held vertically within the ultrasonic processing chamber (the plane of the ultrasonic transducer is roughly parallel to the flow of aerosol mist to the mouthpiece and / or roughly parallel to the longitudinal length of the mist inhaler). In other words, the ultrasonic transducer is generally perpendicular to the base of the mist inhaler.

[0177] Referring here to Figures 9 and 10 of the attached drawings, some examples of the mist inhaler 200 consist of a mist generator 201 and a driver device 202. In this example, the driver device 202 has a recess 203 that receives and holds a portion of the mist generator 201. Thus, the mist generator 201 can be combined with the driver device 202, as shown in Figure 9, to form a compact and portable mist inhaler 200.

[0178] Referring here to Figures 11 to 13 of the attached drawings, the mist generator 201 consists of a mist generating housing 204 formed from two elongated housing sections 205 and 206 that can be optionally attached to each other. The mist generating housing 204 consists of an air inlet port 207 and a mist outlet port 208.

[0179] In this example, the mist generating housing 204 is made of injection-molded plastic, specifically polypropylene, which is typically used in medical applications. In this example, the mist generating device housing 204 is a heterophase copolymer. More specifically, it is BF970MO heterophase copolymer, which has an optimal combination of very high rigidity and high impact strength. Mist generating housing components molded from this material exhibit good antistatic performance.

[0180] Heterogeneous copolymers such as polypropylene are particularly suitable for the mist generating housing 204 because this material does not cause aerosol condensation as it flows from the ultrasonic treatment chamber 219 through the mouthpiece to the user. This plastic material can also be easily recycled directly using industrial crushing and washing processes.

[0181] In Figures 9, 10, and 12, the mist outlet port 208 is closed by a closure element 209. However, it will be understood that when using the mist inhaler 200, the closure element 209 is removed from the mist outlet port 208, as shown in Figure 11.

[0182] Referring now to Figures 14 and 15, the mist generator 200 includes a transducer holder 210 held within the mist generating housing 204. In this example, the transducer holder 210 consists of a cylindrical or generally cylindrical body 211 and circular upper and lower openings 212, 213. The transducer holder 210 is provided with an internal channel 214 for receiving the end of the ultrasonic transducer 215, as shown in Figure 15.

[0183] The transducer holder 210 incorporates a cut section 216 through which the electrode 217 extends from the ultrasonic transducer 215, so that the electrode 217 can be electrically connected to the AC drive of the driver device, and the electrode 217 extends from the ultrasonic transducer 215, as will be described in more detail below.

[0184] Referring again to Figure 13, the mist generator 201 includes a liquid chamber 218 located within the mist generating housing 204. The liquid chamber 218 is for containing the liquid to be atomized. In some examples, the liquid is contained in the liquid chamber 218. In other examples, the liquid chamber 218 is initially empty and then filled with liquid.

[0185] A liquid (also referred to here as an electronic liquid) composition comprising a nicotine salt consisting of nicotine levulinate, suitable for use in an ultrasonic device driven at a frequency of 3.0 MHz (±0.2 MHz) by a 3.7 V lithium polymer (LiPo) battery, wherein the composition is as follows: The relative amount of vegetable glycerin in the composition is: 55 to 80% (w / w), or 60 to 80% (w / w), or 65 to 75% (w / w), or 70% (w / w), and / or The relative amount of propylene glycol in the composition is: 5-30% (w / w), or 10-30% (w / w), or 15-25% (w / w), or 20% (w / w), and / or The relative amount of water in the composition is: 5-15% (w / w), or 7-12% (w / w), or 10% (w / w), and / or The amount of nicotine and / or nicotine salt in the composition is: 0.1-80 mg / ml, or 0.1-50 mg / ml, or 1-25 mg / ml, or 10-20 mg / ml, or 17 mg / ml.

[0186] In some examples, the mist generator 201 contains an electron liquid having a kinematic viscosity between 1.05 Pascals-seconds and 1.412 Pascals-seconds.

[0187] In some examples, the liquid chamber 218 contains a liquid containing nicotine levulinate in a 1:1 molar ratio.

[0188] In some examples, the liquid chamber contains a liquid having a kinematic viscosity between 1.05 Pa-s and 1.412 Pa-s and a liquid density between 1.1 g / ml and 1.3 g / ml.

[0189] By using an electronic liquid with the correct viscosity and density parameters, and achieving the desired target bubble volume of liquid spray into air, it has been found that a frequency of 2.8 MHz–3.2 MHz for a liquid viscosity range of 1.05 Pascals·seconds and 1.412 Pascals·seconds and a density of approximately 1.1–1.3 g / mL (density range obtained from Hertz) produces droplet volumes of 90% less than 1 micron and 50% less than 0.5 microns.

[0190] The mist generator 201 is configured to include an ultrasonic irradiation chamber 219 provided within the mist generator housing 204.

[0191] Returning to Figures 14 and 15, the transducer holder 210 is configured to include a partition 220 that provides a barrier between the liquid chamber 218 and the ultrasonic irradiation chamber 219. The barrier provided by the partition 220 minimizes the risk of the ultrasonic treatment chamber 219 overflowing with liquid from the liquid chamber 218, or the risk of the capillary elements on the ultrasonic transducer 215 becoming oversaturated, both of which would overload and reduce the efficiency of the ultrasonic transducer 215. Furthermore, overflowing the ultrasonic irradiation chamber 219 or oversaturating the capillary elements could also lead to the unpleasant experience of the user inhaling liquid during inhalation. To mitigate this risk, the partition 220 of the transducer holder 210 sits as a wall between the ultrasonic irradiation chamber 219 and the liquid chamber 218.

[0192] The partition 220 constitutes a capillary opening 221, which is the only means by which liquid can flow from the liquid chamber 218 to the ultrasonic irradiation chamber 219 via a capillary element. In this example, the capillary opening 221 is an elongated slot having a width of 0.2 mm–0.4 mm. The dimensions of the capillary opening 221 are such that the edge of the capillary opening 221 provides a bias force acting on the capillary element extending through the capillary opening 221 to control the liquid flow into the ultrasonic treatment chamber 219.

[0193] In this example, the transducer holder 210 is made of liquid silicone rubber (LSR). In this example, the liquid silicone rubber has a hardness of Shore A60. The LSR material ensures that the ultrasonic transducer 215 vibrates without the transducer holder 210 damping vibrations. In this example, the vibrational displacement of the ultrasonic transducer 215 is 2-5 nanometers, and any damping effect could reduce the efficiency of the ultrasonic transducer 215. Therefore, the material and hardness of this LSR are selected to obtain optimal performance with minimal compromise.

[0194] Referring next to Figures 16 and 17, the mist generator 201 includes a capillary or capillary element 222 for transferring a liquid (containing a drug or other substance) from the liquid chamber 218 to the ultrasonic treatment chamber 219. The tubular element 222 is planar or substantially planar, having a first portion 223 and a second portion 224. In this example, the first portion 223 has a rectangular or substantially rectangular shape, and the second portion 224 has a partially circular shape.

[0195] In this example, the capillary element 222 consists of first and second parts 223 and 224 and third and fourth parts 225 and 226, which are the same shape as the first and second parts 223 and 224, respectively. In this example, the capillary element 222 is folded around the fold line 227 so that the first and second parts 223 and 224 and the third and fourth parts 225 and 226 overlap each other, as shown in Figure 17.

[0196] In this example, the capillary element has a thickness of approximately 0.28 mm. As shown in Figure 17, when the capillary element 222 is folded to have two layers, the overall thickness of the capillary element becomes approximately 0.56 mm. This double layer also ensures that there is always sufficient liquid on the ultrasonic transducer 215 for optimal aerosol generation.

[0197] In this example, when the capillary element 222 is folded, the lower ends of the first and third portions 223 and 225 define an enlarged lower end 228 that increases the surface area of ​​the portion of the capillary element 222 that is in the liquid within the liquid chamber 218 in order to maximize the rate at which the capillary element 222 absorbs the liquid.

[0198] In this example, capillary element 222 is 100% bamboo fiber. In other examples, the capillary elements are at least 75% bamboo fiber. The advantages of using bamboo fiber as a capillary element are as described above.

[0199] Referring now to Figures 18 and 19, the capillary element 222 is held by the transducer holder 210 such that the transducer holder 210 holds a second portion 224 of the capillary element 222 that is superimposed on a portion of the atomizing surface of the ultrasonic transducer 215. In this example, the circular second portion 224 is housed in an inner recess 214 of the transducer holder 210.

[0200] The first portion 223 of the capillary element 222 extends through the capillary opening 221 of the transducer holder 210.

[0201] Next, referring to Figures 20 to 22, the second part 206 of the mist generating housing 204 consists of a roughly circular wall 229 that receives the transducer holder 222 and forms part of the wall of the ultrasonic processing chamber 219.

[0202] The contact openings 230 and 231 are provided in the side walls of the second portion 206 to receive electrical contacts 232 and 233 that form an electrical connection with the electrodes of the ultrasonic transducer 215.

[0203] In this example, an absorbent tip or absorbent element 234 is provided adjacent to the mist outlet port 208 to absorb liquid at the mist outlet port 208. In this example, the absorbent element 234 is made of bamboo fiber.

[0204] Next, referring to Figures 23 to 25, the first portion 205 of the mist generating housing 204 has a similar shape to the second portion 206 and further comprises a generally circular wall portion 235 that forms a further part of the wall of the ultrasonic irradiation chamber 219 and holds the transducer holder 210.

[0205] In this example, an absorbent element 236 is further provided adjacent to the mist outlet port 208 to absorb liquid at the mist outlet port 208.

[0206] In this example, the first portion 205 of the mist generating housing 204 constitutes a spring support arrangement 237 that supports the lower end of the retainer spring 238, as shown in Figure 26.

[0207] The upper end of the retainer spring 238 contacts the second portion 224 of the capillary element 222 such that the retainer spring 238 provides a biasing force that biases the capillary element 222 toward the atomizing surface of the ultrasonic transducer 215.

[0208] Referring to Figure 27, it is shown that the transducer holder 210 is in place and held by the second part 206 of the mist generating housing 204 before the two parts 205 and 206 of the mist generating housing 204 are attached to each other.

[0209] Referring to Figures 28-31, in this example, the mist generator 201 is configured to include an identification device 239. The identification device 239 consists of a printed circuit board 240 having electrical contacts 241 on one side, and an integrated circuit 242 and another optional component 243 on the other side.

[0210] The integrated circuit 242 has a memory for storing an identifier unique to the mist generator 201. The electrical contact 241 provides an electronic interface for communicating with the integrated circuit 242.

[0211] In this example, the printed circuit board 240 is mounted in a recess 244 on one side of the mist generating housing 204. The integrated circuit 242 and any other electronic components 243 are housed in further recesses 245 such that the printed circuit board 240 is substantially flush with the side of the mist generating housing 204.

[0212] In this configuration, integrated circuit 242 is a one-time programmable (OTP) device, which is an anti-counterfeiting feature that allows only genuine mist generators from the manufacturer to be used with the device. This anti-counterfeiting feature is implemented in the mist generator 201 as a specific custom integrated circuit (IC) bonded to the mist generator 201 (and the printed circuit board 240). The OTP as an IC contains truly unique information that enables complete traceability of the mist generator 201 (and its contents) throughout its lifespan, as well as precise monitoring of consumption by the user. The OTP IC allows the mist generator 201 to function only when permitted to generate mist.

[0213] The OTP (Authorized Technology Policy) specifies the authorized status of a particular mist generator 201 as a characteristic feature. In fact, to prevent carbonyl emissions and maintain aerosol levels at a safe level, experiments have shown that after approximately 1000 seconds of aerosolization, the mist generator 201 is considered to have emptied the liquid in the liquid chamber 218. In this way, a non-genuine or empty mist generator 201 will be unable to operate after this predetermined usage time.

[0214] The OTP (One-Time Purchase) feature may be part of a complete chain of operations involving the digital sales point, mobile companion application, and mist generator 201. Only genuine mist generators 201 manufactured by a trusted party and sold through the digital sales point may be used. The mobile companion digital app is a link between the user account on the manufacturer's digital platform and the mist generator 201, ensuring the safe use of known and secure content within a safe amount of puff duration.

[0215] Furthermore, the OTP functionality enables the high level of access control and monitoring required for prescription drug administration in B2B (business-to-business) use with trusted healthcare facilities. The OTP IC is read by a driver device 202 that can recognize the inserted mist generator 201 and its associated prescription. The driver device 202 prevents the mist generator 201 from being used either longer or outside the period specified in the prescription. In addition, a mobile companion app reminder can be provided to minimize the chances of users missing their dose.

[0216] In some cases, the OTP IC is disposable, just like the mist generator 201. Whenever the mist generator 201 is considered empty, it will not be activated if inserted into the driver device 202. Similarly, a counterfeit generator device 201 will not function in the driver device 202.

[0217] Figures 32-34 show the flow of air inside the mist generator 201 while it is in operation.

[0218] Liquid drugs (nicotine, medical solutions, medical suspensions, protein solutions, supplements, etc.) are transformed into a mist (aerosolized) by sonication. However, this mist will settle on top of the ultrasonic transducer 215 if sufficient ambient air is not available to displace the rising aerosol. In the ultrasonic irradiation chamber 219, a continuous supply of air is required because the mist (aerosol) is generated and drawn out to the user through the mouthpiece. To meet this requirement, an airflow channel is provided. In this example, the airflow channel has an average cross-sectional area of ​​11.5 mm², which is calculated and designed in the ultrasonic irradiation chamber 219 based on the negative pressure from the average user. This also controls the mist-to-air ratio of the inhaled aerosol and controls the amount of drug delivered to the user.

[0219] Based on the design requirements, the airflow path is routed to begin at the bottom of the ultrasonic processing chamber 219. The opening at the bottom of the aerosol chamber is aligned with and closely adjacent to the opening to the airflow bridge within the device. The airflow path runs vertically upward along the reservoir and continues to the center of the ultrasonic processing chamber (concentric with the ultrasonic transducer 215). Here, it bends 90° inward. The path then continues to a point approximately 1.5 mm from the ultrasonic transducer 215. This path maximizes the supply of ambient air directly towards the atomizing surface of the ultrasonic transducer 215. The air flows through the channel towards the transducer, collecting the generated mist, and exits through the mouthpiece to the user.

[0220] Next, the driver device 202 will be described, first with reference to Figures 35 and 36. Air flows into the mist generator 201 through an air inlet port 207, which is in fluid communication with an airflow bridge within the driver device 202, as will be described later. The air flows along a channel that changes the direction of the airflow by approximately 90° in order to direct the airflow toward the ultrasonic transducer 215.

[0221] In some examples, the airflow configuration is configured to change the direction of the airflow along the airflow channel so that the airflow is substantially perpendicular to the atomizing surface of the ultrasonic transducer as it passes through the ultrasonic processing chamber.

[0222] The driver device 202 consists of a driver device housing 246 that is at least partly made of metal. In some examples, the driver device housing 246 is entirely made of aluminum (AL6063 T6) to protect the internal components from the environment (dust, water splashes, etc.) and from damage caused by impacts (accidental drops, etc.).

[0223] In some examples, the driver device housing 246 is provided with vents on its sides that allow ambient air to enter the device for two purposes: one is to provide ventilation around the electronic components to keep them within operating temperature, and these vents also act as air inlets through which air enters the device and then through an airflow bridge into the mist generator 201.

[0224] The driver device housing 246 has an elongated shape and an internal chamber 247 that houses the components of the driver device 202. One end of the driver device housing 246 is closed by an end cap 248. The other end of the driver device housing 247 has an opening 249 that provides an opening for the recess 203 of the driver device 202.

[0225] The driver device 202 consists of a battery 250 connected to a printed circuit board 251. In some examples, the battery 250 is a 3.7V DC Li-Po battery with a capacity of 1140mAh and a discharge rate of 10C. The high discharge rate is required for the voltage amplification of up to 15V needed by the ultrasonic transducer 215 for desired operation. The shape and size of the battery are designed according to the shape and size of the device, as well as the space allocated for the power supply, within the limits of physical constraints.

[0226] The printed circuit board 251 incorporates electronic components, such as a processor and memory, to realize the electrical functions of the driver device 202. The charging pins 252 are located at one end of the printed circuit board 251, extend through the end cap 248, and provide a charging connection for charging the battery 250.

[0227] The printed circuit board 251 is held within the driver device housing 246 by a skeleton 252. The skeleton 252 has a channel 253 for receiving the printed circuit board 251. The skeleton 252 incorporates raised sides 254, 255 for supporting the battery 250.

[0228] In some cases, the skeleton 252 is manufactured using an industrial injection molding process. The molded plastic skeleton ensures that all components are secured and do not fit loosely within the case. It also forms a cover that surrounds the front portion of the PCB (Printed Circuit Board) when the mist generator 201 is inserted into the driver unit 202.

[0229] The driver unit 202 consists of an airflow sensor that functions as a switch to activate and power the transducer for ultrasonic generation and aerosol generation. The airflow sensor is mounted on the PCB inside the device, and a certain atmospheric pressure drop is required around it to operate the driver unit 202. For this purpose, an airflow bridge 259, as shown in Figures 39 to 41, is designed with an internal channel that guides ambient air through the bridge into the aerosol chamber. The frame 252 consists of opposing channels 256 and 257 for receiving a portion of the airflow bridge, as shown in Figure 42.

[0230] The internal channels of the airflow bridge contain microchannels (0.5 mm in diameter) that extend towards a chamber that completely encloses the airflow sensor. When air flows in from the side inlet and upward into the aerosol chamber, negative pressure is created in the microchannels, triggering the airflow sensor to activate the device.

[0231] This device is a compact, portable, and advanced instrument capable of accurately and safely monitoring aerosolization. This is achieved by incorporating high-quality electronic components designed with IPC Class 3 (medical grade) standards in mind.

[0232] The electronic components of the driver unit 202 are divided as follows: 1. Ultrasonic Processing Unit For inhalation using portable devices, in order to obtain the most efficient aerosolization to date with a particle size of 1 μm or less, the ultrasonic processing unit must provide a contact pad that receives the ultrasonic transducer 215 (piezoelectric ceramic disc (PZT)) at a high adaptive frequency (approximately 3 MHz).

[0233] This section needs to provide not only high frequency but also consistently optimized cavitation while protecting the ultrasonic transducer 215 from failure.

[0234] The mechanical deformation of the PZT is linked to the amplitude of the AC voltage applied to it, and maximum deformation must always be supplied to the PZT to ensure optimal system function and delivery with each ultrasonic irradiation.

[0235] However, in order to prevent PZT failure, it is necessary to precisely control the active power transmitted to the PZT.

[0236] This is achieved only by designing a custom, power management integrated circuit (PMIC) chip that does not exist on the market, which is mounted on the printed circuit board of the driver device 202. This PMIC allows for instantaneous modulation of the active power supplied to the PZT without compromising the mechanical vibration amplitude of the PZT.

[0237] By applying PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) to the AC voltage applied to the PZT, the mechanical amplitude of the vibration can be kept constant.

[0238] For this reason, changing the output AC voltage using a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) was the only "off-the-shelf" option. Although the energy transmitted to the PZT is reduced, mechanical deformation also occurs, which as a result completely inhibits proper aerosolization. In fact, similar to the case of voltage modulation, effective duty cycle modulation also results in the same applied effective voltage, but the active power transmitted to the PZT degrades. In fact, this is expressed by the following formula:

[0239]

Numerical formula

[0240] When considering the first harmonic, Irms is a function of the amplitude of the actual voltage applied to the converter, and pulse width modulation controls Irms by changing the duration of the voltage supplied to the converter.

[0241] The specific design of the PMIC adopts state-of-the-art designs, includes a complete set of feedback loops and monitoring paths used by the control unit, and enables ultra-precision control of the frequency range and steps applied to the PZT.

[0242] The remaining part of the aerosolization section consists of a DC / DC boost converter and a transformer that supply the required power from a 3.7V battery to the PZT contact pads. The driver device consists of an AC driver that converts the voltage from the battery into an AC drive signal of a predetermined frequency to drive the ultrasonic transducer.

[0243] The driver device constitutes an active power monitoring apparatus for monitoring the active power used by the ultrasonic transducer (described above) when the ultrasonic transducer is driven by the AC drive signal. The active power monitoring apparatus provides a monitoring signal indicating the active power used by the ultrasonic transducer.

[0244] A processor in the driver device controls the AC drive and receives the monitoring signal from the active power monitoring apparatus.

[0245] A memory of a driver device stores instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the following: A. controlling AC driving to cause an ultrasonic transducer to output an AC driving signal at a predetermined sweep frequency B. calculating active power used by the ultrasonic transducer based on a monitoring signal C. controlling an AC driver to modulate the AC driving signal, so as to maximize the active power used by the ultrasonic transducer D. storing, in a memory, a record of a maximum active power used by the ultrasonic transducer and the sweep frequency of the AC driving signal E. after a predetermined number of iterations, repeating steps A-D a predetermined number of times, with the sweep frequency increasing in each iteration, such that the sweep frequency increases from a sweep start frequency to a sweep end frequency after the predetermined number of iterations F. identifying, from the record stored in the memory, an optimal frequency of the AC driving signal, which is the sweep frequency of the AC driving signal at which the maximum active power is used by the ultrasonic transducer G. controlling AC driving to output an AC driving signal to the ultrasonic transducer at the optimal frequency, and driving the ultrasonic transducer to atomize a liquid.

[0246] In some examples, the active power monitoring device comprises a current sensing device for sensing a driving current of the AC driving signal that drives the ultrasonic transducer, and the active power monitoring device provides a monitoring signal indicative of the sensed driving current.

[0247] In some examples, the current sensing device comprises an analog-to-digital converter that converts the sensed driving current into a digital signal for processing by the processor.

[0248] In some examples, the memory stores instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to repeat the above steps A-D where the sweep frequency increases from a sweep start frequency of 2900kHz to a sweep end frequency of 2960kHz.

[0249] In some examples, memory stores instructions, when executed by the processor, to repeat the above step AD, increasing the sweep frequency from a sweep start frequency of 2900 kHz to a sweep end frequency of 3100 kHz.

[0250] In some examples, memory stores an instruction that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to control the AC drive so that in step G, the ultrasonic transducer outputs an AC drive signal at a frequency shifted by a predetermined amount from the optimal frequency.

[0251] In some examples, a given shift amount is between 1-10% of the optimal frequency.

[0252] 2. Control & Information (CI) Department The control and information unit consists of an external EEPROM for data storage, an LED for user indication, a pressure sensor for airflow detection, and a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) compatible microcontroller for continuous monitoring and management of the aerosolization unit.

[0253] The pressure sensor used in this device serves two purposes. The first purpose is to prevent unwanted accidental starting of the sonic engine (driving the ultrasonic transducer). This function is implemented in the device's processing equipment, but it is optimized for low power consumption and constantly measures environmental parameters such as temperature and ambient pressure through internal correction and baseline settings to accurately detect and classify what is called true inhalation.

[0254] Unlike all other e-cigarette devices on the market, this solution leverages the strengths of a microcontroller, allowing it to use only one sensor.

[0255] The second purpose of the pressure sensor is not only to accurately monitor the user's inhalation time for precise inhalation volume measurement, but also to determine the strength of the user's inhalation, which is crucial information in a healthcare setting for appropriate prescription and monitoring of health status. Overall, we can fully map the pressure profile of every inhalation and predict the end of the inhalation for both aerosolization optimization and understanding the behavior of medical data.

[0256] This was made possible by using a Bluetooth™ Low Energy (BLE) microcontroller. This allows for simultaneous implementation of features not found in other products on the market, including extremely precise inhalation time, optimized aerosolization, monitoring of numerous parameters to ensure safe mist, prevention of the use of non-genuine electronic liquids or aerosol chambers, and protection of the device from overheating risks and the user from over-mist.

[0257] By using a BLE microcontroller, wireless updates become possible, allowing for the continuous delivery of improved software to users based on anonymized data collection and trained AI for PZT modeling.

[0258] 3. Power Management (PM) Department The power management section consists of an LDO (Low Dropout Regulator) that supplies power to the control and information section from a 3.7V LiPo battery, and a BMS (Battery Management System) that provides high protection and charging to the built-in LiPo battery.

[0259] Even though the device is integrated and compact as described above, the components in this section are carefully and thoroughly selected in order to achieve high power supply to the ultrasonic irradiation unit and stable power supply to the control / information unit. In fact, when high power is supplied from a 3.7V lithium polymer battery to the aerosolization unit, the power supply voltage fluctuates greatly during operation. Without a low dropout regulator, when the battery voltage drops by as much as 0.3V below the minimum rating of the components in this section, the stable power supply essential for the control and information section cannot be provided, and therefore the LDO plays an important role herein. For this reason, the LDO plays an important role. Failure of the CI unit causes the entire device to stop functioning.

[0260] For this reason, careful selection of components not only ensures high reliability of the device, but also enables operation under severe conditions and extension of the charging interval.

[0261] Controlled Aerosolization Since the device is an accurate, reliable and safe aerosolization solution for smoking cessation programs, medical prescriptions and daily consumer use, it must provide controlled and reliable aerosolization.

[0262] This is implemented by an internal method that can be divided into several sections as follows.

[0263] 1. Sonication To achieve optimal aerosolization, the ultrasonic transducer (PZT) needs to be vibrated in the most efficient manner.

[0264] Frequency Due to the electromechanical properties of piezoelectric ceramics, the component achieves the highest efficiency at the resonance frequency. However, if the PZT is continuously resonated for a long period of time, it is unavoidable that the component will be damaged and the aerosol chamber will become unusable.

[0265] Furthermore, important considerations when using piezoelectric materials include variations during manufacturing and variations due to temperature and lifespan.

[0266] To resonate a PZT at 3 MHz to generate droplets smaller than 1 μm, an adaptive method is required to find and target the specific PZT "sweet spot" within all aerosol chambers used by the device with each inhalation.

[0267] sweep Because the "sweet spot" needs to be identified with each inhalation, and also due to overuse, the PZT's temperature changes using an in-house double-sweep method.

[0268] The initial sweep is performed when the instrument has not been used for a sufficient amount of time in a particular aerosol chamber for all heat dissipation to occur and the PZT to cool to its "default temperature". This procedure is also called a cold start. During this procedure, the PZT needs a boost to generate the required aerosols. This is achieved by passing through only a small subset of frequencies between 2900 kHz and 2960 kHz, which cover the resonance point, considering extensive research and experimentation.

[0269] Each frequency within this range is controlled by the sound wave engine, and the current passing through the PZT is actively monitored, stored by a microcontroller via an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and converted into a current so that the power used by the PZT can be precisely subtracted.

[0270] This provides a cold profile of the PZT with respect to frequency, and the frequency used during inhalation is the one that uses the most current, i.e., the frequency with the lowest impedance.

[0271] The second sweep is performed during subsequent inhalation, and the PZT profile is modified for temperature and deformation to cover the entire frequency range between 2900kHz and 3100kHz. This hot profile is used to determine the shift to apply.

[0272] shift Because aerosolization must be optimal, the shift is not used during low-temperature inhalation, and the PZT will vibrate at its resonant frequency. This can only happen if repeated in short bursts, otherwise the PZT will inevitably break.

[0273] However, the shift is used in most intakes as a way to target low impedance frequencies, achieving near-optimal operation of the PZT while protecting it from failure.

[0274] Since hot and cold profiles are saved during suction, the microcontroller can select the appropriate shift frequency according to the measured current flowing through the PZT during the sweep, ensuring safe mechanical operation.

[0275] Because piezoelectric components behave differently inside and outside the dual resonance / anti-resonance frequency range, the choice of shift direction is crucial. Since PZTs are inductive and not capacitive, the chosen shift should always be within this range defined by the resonance and anti-resonance frequencies.

[0276] Finally, the shift rate is kept below 10% so that it is close to the lowest impedance but far enough away from resonance.

[0277] adjustment Due to the inherent nature of PZT, each inhalation is different. In addition to the piezoelectric element, numerous other parameters, such as the amount of electrolyzed liquid remaining in the aerosol chamber, the wicking condition of the gauze, and the battery level of the device, all affect the inhalation results.

[0278] Therefore, the current used by the PZT in the aerosol chamber is constantly monitored, and the microcontroller continuously adjusts parameters such as frequency and duty cycle to supply the aerosol chamber with the most stable power within a predetermined range, based on research and experimental results for optimal safe aerosolization.

[0279] Battery monitoring To supply a 15V AC voltage and maintain the internal current of the PZT at around 2.5A, the current from the battery reaches approximately 7-8A, causing a drop in battery voltage. A typical LiPo battery cannot sustain this demanding resource for inhalation lasting more than 6 seconds. Therefore, we developed a custom LiPo battery capable of handling approximately 11A, which is more than 50% of the PZT's maximum allowable current, making it a compact, all-in-one portable device that is easy to use.

[0280] When the ultrasonic generator is activated, the battery voltage drops and fluctuates significantly. Therefore, the microcontroller constantly monitors the power used by the PZT in the aerosol chamber to ensure proper and safe aerosol generation.

[0281] Furthermore, since control is key to aerosolization, this device first ensures that the device's control and information unit is always functioning and does not shut down in a way that would be detrimental to the ultrasonic processing unit.

[0282] Therefore, the adjustment method takes real-time battery level into significant consideration, and if necessary, modifies parameters such as the duty cycle to maintain the battery at a safe level. If the battery level becomes low before the sonic engine starts, the control and information section will prevent it from starting.

[0283] Power control As is often said, control is key to aerosolization, and the method used in this device is a real-time multidimensional function that constantly takes into account the PZT profile, the current inside the PZT, and the device's battery level.

[0284] All of this is only achievable through the use of a microcontroller that can monitor and control every element of the device to ensure optimal suction.

[0285] 1. Inhalation control This device is confirmed to be safe in the BNS (Broughton Nicotine Services) report, but each inhalation needs to be controlled to ensure the safety of the mist and the integrity of both the aerosol chamber and the device.

[0286] Inhalation time To reduce exposure to harmful components such as carbonyls that may be generated by heating the e-liquid, the maximum inhalation time is set to 6 seconds, completely eliminating exposure to these components.

[0287] interval Because it relies on piezoelectric components, the ultrasonic irradiation unit is designed to stop operating when inhalation stops. The safety delay between two inhalations is adapted by the duration of the previous inhalation. This ensures that the gauze is properly aspirated before the next operation.

[0288] This feature allows the device to operate safely and optimize aerosolization without damaging the PZT element or exposing the user to toxic components.

[0289] Connectivity (BLE) The device's control and information unit consists of a wireless communication system using a Bluetooth Low Energy-compatible microcontroller. The wireless communication system communicates with the device's processor and is configured to send and receive data between the driver unit and computing devices such as smartphones.

[0290] Bluetooth Low Energy connectivity with companion mobile applications requires less power for this communication, allowing devices to remain functional for extended periods even when not in use, compared to conventional wireless connectivity solutions such as Wi-Fi, traditional Bluetooth, GSM, and even LTE-M and NB-IoT.

[0291] Most importantly, this connectivity enables OTP functionality and complete control and safety of inhalation. All data, from the resonant frequency of inhalation to what was used, or even the negative pressure created and duration by the user, is stored and transmitted via BLE for further analysis and improvement of the embedded software.

[0292] Furthermore, all of this information is crucial because it allows physicians and users to access all information about the inhalation process when the device is used in medical or smoking cessation programs, and to track prescriptions and usage in real time.

[0293] Finally, this connectivity enables embedded firmware updates both internally and over-the-air (OTA), ensuring that the latest version can always be rapidly deployed. This increases the scalability of the device and ensures that the device is maintained.

[0294] Data collection for clinical smoking cessation purposes By collecting user data such as the number of puffs and puff duration, it is possible to determine the total amount of treatment consumed by the user in a single session.

[0295] This data can be interpreted by an algorithm that sets time-based consumption limits based on a doctor's recommendations.

[0296] This will allow for the administration of therapeutic doses of medication to users, which will be managed by doctors and pharmacists and cannot be abused by end-users.

[0297] Physicians can safely and effectively reduce the dosage gradually over time in a controlled manner that is safe for the user, and can also provide therapeutic smoking cessation doses.

[0298] The limits of the puff The ultrasonic cavitation process significantly affects the nicotine concentration in the generated mist.

[0299] The device's limitation of a puff time of 7 seconds or less limits the user's exposure to carbonyls, which are commonly produced by electronic nicotine delivery systems.

[0300] According to experimental results from Broughton Nicotine Services, after users took 10 consecutive puffs of less than 7 seconds each, the total amount of carbonyl was less than 2.67 μg / 10 puffs (average: 1.43 μg / 10 puffs) for formaldehyde, less than 0.87 μg / 10 puffs (average: 1.50 μg / 10 puffs) for acetaldehyde, and less than 0.40 μg / 10 puffs (average: 0.28 μg / 10 puffs) for propionic acid. Crotonaldehyde was detected at less than 0.16 μg / 10 puffs (average: 0.16 μg / 10 puffs), butyraldehyde at less than 0.19 μg / 10 puffs (average: 0.17 μg / 10 puffs), diacetyl at less than 0.42 μg / 10 puffs (average: 0.25 μg / 10 puffs), and acetylpropionyl was not detected at all in 10 consecutive puffs of less than 7 seconds each.

[0301] Because the aerosolization of e-cigarettes is achieved by the mechanical action of a piezoelectric disc rather than by directly heating the liquid, the individual components of e-cigarettes (propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, flavorings, etc.) remain largely unchanged and are not broken down into small harmful components such as acrolein, acetaldehyde, and formaldehyde at the high rates seen in conventional e-cigarettes.

[0302] To limit the user's exposure to carbonyl while using the ultrasound device, the puff duration is limited to a maximum of 6 seconds, so that the above result represents the absolute worst-case scenario in terms of exposure.

[0303] Next, referring to Figures 43 and 44, once the end cap 248 is attached to the driver device housing 246, the aluminum driver device housing 246 acts as a Faraday cage, preventing the device from emitting any electromagnetic waves. The device with the driver device housing 246 has undergone electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing, and the test results have shown that the emissions are less than half of the device's acceptable limits. The EMC test results are shown in the graph in Figure 45.

[0304] All of the above applications, including ultrasonic technology, can benefit from optimizations achieved by a frequency controller that optimizes the ultrasonic processing frequency for optimal performance.

[0305] It should be understood that the disclosures in this book are not limited to use for nicotine delivery. Several examples show how the products are configured for use for various medical purposes (e.g., CBD delivery for pain relief, supplements for performance enhancement, albuterol / salbutamol for asthma patients, etc.).

[0306] The apparatus disclosed herein is intended for use with any drug or other compound, the drug or compound being supplied in liquid form in the liquid chamber of the apparatus for aerosolization. In some examples, the apparatus disclosed herein is intended for use with drugs and compounds, including but not limited to:

[0307] respiratory system Brocodirator Olodaterol Revalterol Velodual (Ipratropium bromide / fenoterol) Combivent (Ipratropium bromide / Salbutamol) Anti-inflammatory drugs Betamethasone Dexamethasone Methylprednisolone Hydrocortisone Mucus dissolving agent N-acetylcysteine Pulmonary hypertension Sildenafil Tadalafil Epoprostenol Treprostenil Iroprost infectious disease Antibiotics Aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, colomycin, neomycin, liposomal amikacin) Quinolone antibacterial agents (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, ofloxacin) Macrolide antibiotics (azithromycin) Minocycline Beta-lactam antibiotics (piperacillin, tazobactam, ceftazidime, ticarcillin, etc.) Cephalosporin antibiotics (cefotaxime, cefepime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime) Glycopeptide (vancomycin) Meropenem Polymyxin (colistin, polymyxin B) Antifungal agents Amphotericin Fluconazole Kaspo Fungan Antiviral drugs Valganciclovir Favipiravir remdesivir Acyclovir antituberculosis isoniazid Pyrazinamide Rifampin Ethambutor Oncology Biological drugs Girotliff Afatinib Caplacizumab Dupilumab Isarilumab Allylcomab Volacellid Nintedanibu Imatinib Sirolimus chemotherapy Azacitidine Decitabine docetaxel Gemcitabine Sysplatinum Central nervous system / mind sodium valproate Teriflunomide Zomitriptan Metabolism and hormones Insulin estrogen immunology vaccine Monoclonal antibodies stem cells vitamin zinc Ascorbic acid others Niclosamide Hydroxychloroquine Ivermectin Some examples of ultrasonic mist inhalers 100 are more powerful than current portable medical nebulizers, with the shape and size of current e-cigarettes, and possessing a specific structure for effective vaporization. They are a healthier alternative to cigarettes and current e-cigarette products.

[0308] The ultrasonic mist inhaler 100 in several embodiments is particularly applicable to people who use electronic inhalers as a means of quitting smoking and reducing nicotine dependence. The ultrasonic mist inhaler 100 provides a method for gradually reducing the dosage of nicotine.

[0309] Other examples of ultrasonic mist inhalers are readily conceivable, including those involving drug delivery devices.

[0310] The foregoing outlines some examples or embodiments to help those skilled in the art better understand various aspects of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that this disclosure can be readily used as a basis for designing or modifying other processes and structures to accomplish the same objectives and / or achieve the same advantages as the various examples or embodiments introduced herein. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should recognize that such equivalent structures will not deviate from the spirit and scope of this disclosure, and that various changes, substitutions, and modifications can be made to this disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

[0311] While the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features or methodological actions, it should be understood that the subject matter of the attached claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or actions described above. Rather, the specific features and actions described above are disclosed as exemplary forms for carrying out at least a portion of the claims.

[0312] This book provides various operations of examples or embodiments. The order in which some or all operations are described should not be interpreted as meaning that these operations are necessarily order-dependent. It will be understood that alternative orders may be in the interest of this book. Furthermore, it will be understood that not all operations are necessarily present in every embodiment provided here. Also, it will be understood that not all operations are necessary in some examples or embodiments.

[0313] Furthermore, "exemplary" in this document means serving as an example, instance, illustration, etc., and does not necessarily imply favorability. The use of "or" in this application is intended to mean inclusive, not exclusive. Furthermore, "a" and "an" as used in this application and the attached claims are generally interpreted as meaning "one or more" unless otherwise specified or it is clear from the context that they are directed to the singular. Additionally, to the extent that "including," "having," "possessing," "together," or variations thereof are used, such terms are intended to be inclusive in the same manner as the term "including." Also, unless specifically noted, "first," "second," etc., are not intended to suggest temporal, spatial, or sequential aspects.

[0314] Rather, such terms are merely used as identifiers, names, etc., for features, elements, items, and so on.

[0315] For example, the first element and the second element generally correspond to element A and element B, or two different elements or two identical elements or identical elements.

[0316] Furthermore, although this disclosure has been shown and described in relation to one or more embodiments, equivalent changes and modifications will be made to others skilled in the art based on a reading and understanding of this document and the accompanying drawings. This disclosure includes all such changes and modifications and is limited only to the scope of the following claims. In particular, with respect to the various functions performed by the features described above (e.g., elements, resources, etc.), the terms used to describe such features are intended to correspond to any feature that performs a predetermined function of the described feature (e.g., functionally equivalent), even if it is not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure, unless otherwise indicated. In addition, although certain features of this disclosure may have been disclosed in relation to only one of several embodiments, such features may be combined with one or more other features of other embodiments as desired and advantageous for any given or particular use.

[0317] The subject matter and examples or embodiments of functional operation described herein may be implemented in digital electronic circuits, computer software, firmware, or hardware, or in one or more combinations thereof, including the structures disclosed herein and their structural equivalents.

[0318] Some examples or embodiments are implemented using one or more modules of computer program instructions encoded on a computer-readable medium to control execution by a data processing device or the operation of a data processing device. The computer-readable medium can be a manufactured product such as a hard drive in a computer system or embedded system. The computer-readable medium can be acquired separately, such as by distribution of one or more modules of computer program instructions over a wired or wireless network, and then encoded with one or more modules of computer program instructions. The computer-readable medium can be a machine-readable storage device, a machine-readable storage board, a storage device, or a combination of one or more thereof.

[0319] The terms "computing device" and "data processing device" encompass all devices, apparatuses, and machines for processing data, including, for example, programmable processors, computers, or multiple processors or computers. In addition to hardware, a device may include code that constitutes the execution environment of the computer program, such as processor firmware, protocol stacks, database management systems, operating systems, runtime environments, or one or more combinations thereof. Furthermore, such a device may employ various different computing models and infrastructures, such as web services, distributed computing, and grid computing infrastructures.

[0320] The processes and logical flows described in this book are executed by one or more programmable processors running one or more computer programs, and can perform functions by acting on input data and producing outputs.

[0321] Processors suitable for executing computer programs include, as an example, general-purpose and special-purpose microprocessors, and any one or more processors in any type of digital computer. Generally, a processor will receive instructions and data from read-only memory, random-access memory, or both. Essential elements of a computer are a processor for executing instructions and one or more memory devices for storing instructions and data. Generally, a computer will include one or more mass storage devices for storing data, such as magnetic disks, magneto-optical disks, or optical disks, or be operablely coupled to receive data from or transfer data to both, or both. However, a computer is not required to have such devices. Suitable devices for storing computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, media, and memory devices.

[0322] In this book, "to prepare" means "to include, to constitute."

[0323] The features disclosed in the preceding description, or in the following claims, or in the accompanying drawings, may be expressed as appropriate in their specific forms, or in terms of means for performing the disclosed functions, or methods or processes for achieving the disclosed results, and may be used separately or in any combination of those features to realize the invention in its various forms.

Claims

1. A mist generator for delivering medical drugs, A long, slender mist generating housing equipped with an air inlet port and a mist outlet port, A liquid chamber provided within the mist generating housing, the liquid chamber containing the liquid to be atomized, the liquid containing a medical drug, and the liquid chamber An ultrasonic processing chamber provided within the mist generating housing, A capillary element that is generally planar, the capillary element comprising an enlarged end, a first portion having a generally rectangular shape, and a second portion having a partially circular shape, the capillary element extending between the liquid chamber and the ultrasonic processing chamber, the first portion of the capillary element being located in the liquid chamber, the enlarged end being located in the liquid contained in the liquid chamber, and the second portion of the capillary element being located in the ultrasonic processing chamber, An ultrasonic transducer having a generally planar atomizing surface provided within the ultrasonic processing chamber, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is mounted within the mist generating housing such that the plane of the atomizing surface is substantially parallel to the longitudinal length of the mist generating housing, a portion of the second portion of the capillary element overlaps a portion of the atomizing surface, and the ultrasonic transducer is configured to vibrate the atomizing surface to atomize the liquid carried by the second portion of the capillary element, thereby generating a mist containing the atomized liquid and air within the ultrasonic processing chamber. An airflow configuration that provides an air passage between the air inlet port, the ultrasonic processing chamber, and the mist outlet port, wherein the user draws air through the inlet port, the ultrasonic processing chamber, and the mist outlet port at the mist outlet port, and the mist generated in the ultrasonic processing chamber is carried by the air passing through the mist outlet port for inhalation by the user; A mist generating device characterized by comprising the following:

2. The mist generating device further includes, A transducer holder held within the mist generating housing, wherein the transducer holder holds the ultrasonic transducer and holds the second portion of the capillary element superimposed on a part of the atomizing surface, A partition portion that provides a barrier between the liquid chamber and the ultrasonic processing chamber, the partition portion having a capillary opening through which a part of the first portion of the capillary element passes, The mist generating device according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following:

3. The mist generating apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the capillary element has a thickness of substantially 0.28 mm.

4. The mist generating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the capillary element comprises a first portion and a second portion that are stacked on top of each other so that the capillary element has two layers.

5. The mist generating device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the capillary element is at least 75% bamboo fiber.

6. The mist generating device according to claim 5, characterized in that the capillary element is made of 100% bamboo fiber.

7. The mist generating device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising at least one absorbent element provided adjacent to the mist outlet port and absorbing liquid at the mist outlet port.

8. The mist generator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the liquid has a liquid viscosity between 1.05 Pascal seconds and 1.412 Pascal seconds and a liquid density between 1.1 g / ml and 1.3 g / ml.

9. The mist generator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the liquid contains at least one of the following: a respiratory broccodyr, an anti-inflammatory agent, an antifungal agent, an antiviral agent, a chemotherapy agent, a medical solution, a medical suspension, a protein solution, a vitamin, a supplement, and / or a supplement for performance enhancement.

10. The mist generator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the liquid comprises at least one medical drug for treating pulmonary hypertension, cancer, infection, central nervous system (CNS) disorders, mental illness, metabolic disorders, and / or hormonal disorders.

11. The mist generating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the liquid contains a nicotine salt consisting of nicotine levulinate.

12. The mist generator according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the liquid contains an amount of nicotine and / or nicotine salt in the range of 0.1–80 mg / ml, or 0.1–50 mg / ml, or 1–25 mg / ml, or 10–20 mg / ml, or 17 mg / ml.

13. The mist generator according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the liquid contains an amount of 55 to 80% (w / w), or 60 to 80% (w / w), or 65 to 75% (w / w), or 70% (w / w) of vegetable glycerin (VG).

14. The mist generator according to any one of claims 1-1-11, characterized in that the liquid contains in the composition an amount of 5-30% (w / w), or 10-30% (w / w), or 15-25% (w / w), or 20% (w / w) of propylene glycol (PG).

15. The mist generating device further includes an identification device provided in the mist generating housing, and the identification device is An integrated circuit having a memory for storing a unique identifier for the mist generator, An electrical connection that provides an electronic interface for communicating with the aforementioned integrated circuit, A mist generating device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized by comprising the above.

16. The mist generator according to claim 15, wherein the memory of the integrated circuit stores a record of the state of the mist generator, which indicates at least one of the historical use of the mist generator or the volume of the liquid in the liquid chamber.

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