Roof structure

Abstract

To provide a roof structure capable of suppressing vibration of the roof structure with cantilever beams only by a roof part.SOLUTION: A roof structure includes: support members 12; a plurality of cantilever beams 20 overhanging from the support members 12 and arranged side by side to each other; connection members 30 connecting mutually adjacent cantilever beams 20; strut members 50 having end parts connected to the cantilever beams 20 and projecting upward; and vibration dampers 40 connecting the strut members 50 and the connection members 30, or the strut members 50 and the cantilever beams 20.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a roof structure. Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 below discloses a building structure having a roof frame. The roof frame is formed as a cantilever beam with a base end portion fixed to a roof support portion and a tip end portion extending from the base end portion toward the field side. Such a cantilever beam is prone to swaying because it has few supporting points. To address this, by forming the lower structural portion as a flexible structure having lower rigidity than the upper structural portion that includes the roof frame, swaying of the roof frame is suppressed. Prior Art Documents Patent Literature

[0003] Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-7189 Summary of the Invention Problem to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In the roof frame of the building structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 mentioned above, the lower structural portion is required to adopt a soft story vibration damping structure that is more flexible than the upper structural portion. However, concentrating deformation in the building portion where spectator seats and passages are arranged is not always desirable in some cases. Furthermore, it is also conceivable to suppress swaying of the roof by providing a vibration damper or the like between the roof and the building, but in such a case, there is a risk that the effective space of the spectator seats will be narrowed.

[0005] In consideration of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to suppress vibration of a roof structure provided with cantilever beams only by the roof portion. Means for Solving the Problem

[0006] The roof structure according to claim 1 comprises a support member, a plurality of cantilever beams projecting from the support member and arranged side by side, a connecting member connecting adjacent cantilever beams, a strut member whose end is joined to the cantilever beam and which protrudes upward, and a vibration damping damper connecting the strut member and the connecting member, or the strut member and the cantilever beam.

[0007] In the roof structure of claim 1, cantilever beams supported by support members are arranged in a row, and adjacent cantilever beams are connected to each other by connecting members. In such a roof structure, when the cantilever beams shake vertically during an earthquake, the phase of the shaking of adjacent cantilever beams may be shifted, and the difference in displacement may become large.

[0008] Therefore, in this roof structure, a support member that protrudes upward is joined to the cantilever beam, and this support member and connecting member, or the support member and the cantilever beam, are connected by a vibration damping damper. As a result, the vibration damping damper can expand and contract in accordance with the difference in displacement of adjacent cantilever beams, thereby suppressing vibrations.

[0009] Furthermore, when connecting the beam members and connecting members with vibration dampers, the inclination of the vibration dampers can be set to an angle closer to the vertical direction and the length can be shortened compared to when connecting the beam members and cantilever beams with vibration dampers. This increases the expansion and contraction ratio in response to vertical shaking, making it easier to reduce vibrations. On the other hand, when connecting the beam members and cantilever beams with vibration dampers, the dampers are not attached to the connecting members, resulting in a better fit for the roof finishing material.

[0010] The roof structure according to claim 2 comprises a plurality of support members, a plurality of cantilever beams that can bend out from the support members and are arranged side by side, connecting members that connect adjacent cantilever beams to each other, struts whose ends are joined to the connecting members and which protrude upward or downward, and vibration damping dampers that connect the struts and the cantilever beams.

[0011] In the roof structure of claim 2, a support member that protrudes upward or downward is joined to the connecting member, and this support member and the cantilever beam are connected by a vibration damping damper. As a result, the vibration damping damper can expand and contract in accordance with the difference in displacement of adjacent cantilever beams, thereby suppressing vibrations.

[0012] The roof structure of claim 3 is the roof structure of claim 2, wherein a second connecting member is arranged below the connecting member to connect adjacent cantilever beams, and the strut protrudes downward and its lower end is joined to the second connecting member.

[0013] In the roof structure of claim 3, the second connecting member, the support member, and the vibration damping damper are positioned below the connecting member. Therefore, there is no need to construct a mechanism for absorbing vibrations above the connecting member, and waterproofing is improved.

[0014] Furthermore, since the lower end of the support member is joined to the second connecting member, its rigidity is increased, making it less likely for the roof to vibrate. In addition, the second connecting member can also be used as a beam member to support a catwalk, for example.

[0015] The roof structure of claim 4 is the roof structure of claim 1, wherein a second connecting member is arranged above the connecting member to connect adjacent beam members.

[0016] In the roof structure of claim 4, the upper end of the support member is joined to the second connecting member, which increases rigidity and makes it less likely for the roof to vibrate.

[0017] The roof structure of claim 5 is the roof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least one of the plurality of cantilever beams has different vibration characteristics from the other cantilever beams.

[0018] In the roof structure of claim 5, at least one of the multiple cantilever beams has different vibration characteristics from the other cantilever beams. As a result, differences in vibration displacement are likely to occur between the cantilever beams. This can enhance the vibration damping effect of the vibration damping damper. [Effects of the Invention]

[0019] According to the present invention, vibration of a roof structure provided with a cantilever can be suppressed only by the roof portion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] [Figure 1] (A) is a schematic plan view showing an example of a roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, (B) is a schematic plan view showing a modified example, and (C) is a schematic plan view showing another modified example. [Figure 2] It is a perspective view partially showing an example of the roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] It is a plan view partially showing an example of the roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, (B) is an elevation view, and (C) is a front view schematically showing the arrangement of damping dampers. [Figure 4] (A) is a front view schematically showing a modified example of the arrangement of damping dampers in the roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a front view schematically showing another modified example. [Figure 5] (A) is a front view schematically showing a modified example of the arrangement of damping dampers in the roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a front view schematically showing another modified example. [Figure 6] (A) is a front view schematically showing a modified example of the arrangement of damping dampers in the roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a side sectional view showing an example in which a walking plate is formed using a connecting beam. [Figure 7] (A) is a side view schematically showing a modified example of the arrangement of bundled members in the roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a side view schematically showing another modified example. MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0021] The roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Components indicated by the same reference numerals in each drawing are considered to be the same component. However, unless otherwise specified in the specification, each component is not limited to one, and there may be multiple such components.

[0022] Furthermore, explanations of redundant components and reference numerals in each drawing may be omitted. This disclosure is not limited to the following embodiments, and modifications can be made as appropriate within the scope of the purpose of this disclosure, such as omitting components, substituting them with different components, or combining one embodiment with various modifications.

[0023] <Roof structure> (overview) Figure 1(A) shows a schematic plan view of a roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. This roof structure is, as an example, the structure of a roof 10 that covers the spectator seats of a stadium building.

[0024] The roof 10 is formed in an oval-shaped ring by connecting cantilever beams 20, which are arranged in a row, with connecting members 30. The roof 10 surrounds, for example, a stadium. As will be described in more detail later, vibration damping dampers 40 are also placed between the cantilever beams 20, which are arranged in a row.

[0025] Furthermore, "side by side" includes not only the configuration where elements are arranged parallel to each other, as in region R1, but also the configuration where elements are arranged at an angle, as in region R2.

[0026] Figure 2 shows a perspective view illustrating the detailed configuration of the roof 10 in region R1 shown in Figure 1. As shown in this figure, the roof 10 is supported by a support member 12 and is formed with the cantilever beam 20, connecting member 30, and vibration damping damper 40 described above, as well as a support member 50.

[0027] (Support member) The support members 12 are reinforced concrete columns arranged in a row. In Figure 2, they are arranged in the X direction. A cantilever beam 20 is joined to the upper end of each support member 12.

[0028] (Cantilever beam) The cantilever beams 20 cantilever outward from the support members 12 and are arranged side by side. The direction in which the cantilever beams 20 cantilever outward is approximately perpendicular to the direction in which the support members 12 are arranged side by side (the Y direction in Figure 2).

[0029] The cantilever beam 20 extends outwards on both sides in the Y direction from the support member 12, and one end is connected to a support structure such as the foundation G by a tension member T, as shown in Figure 3(B).

[0030] Any material can be selected for the tension member T, such as steel or wire. The supporting structure may be the frame of a building on which the roof 10 is provided.

[0031] The cantilever beam 20 is a truss beam equipped with a steel upper chord 22, lower chord 24, support member 26, and diagonal member 28. These upper chord 22, lower chord 24, support member 26, and diagonal member 28 are arranged within the same vertical plane (ZY plane), as shown in Figure 2.

[0032] (Connecting material) The connecting member 30 is a steel member that connects adjacent cantilever beams 20 and is arranged along the X direction. The connecting member 30 connects the upper chord members 22 of the cantilever beams 20. Furthermore, the connecting member 30 is arranged in the same vertical plane (ZX plane) as the support members 26.

[0033] In this embodiment, the connecting member 30 is arranged in the same vertical plane as the strut member 26, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this, and they may be arranged in different planes. In addition, connecting members may be provided to connect the lower chord members 24 of the cantilever beam 20.

[0034] (bundle material) The support member 50 is a steel member that protrudes upward and is joined to the cantilever beam 20. The support member 50 is joined to the upper surface of the upper chord member 22 of the cantilever beam 20. Furthermore, the support member 50 is provided in the same vertical plane (ZX plane) as the connecting member 30, near the tip of the cantilever beam 20 on the side with the larger overhang.

[0035] "Near the tip" refers to a location where the vertical rigidity of the roof 10 can be ensured to a predetermined value or higher, and is at least the part on the side of the support member 12 from the part where the first support member 26 is placed, when viewed from the tip of the cantilever beam 20.

[0036] Furthermore, the preferred locations for installing the support members 50 are those where, when the cantilever beams 20 sway vertically due to an earthquake, the difference in displacement between adjacent cantilever beams 20 exceeds a predetermined value. Such locations can be identified through seismic response analysis.

[0037] (Vibration damping damper) The vibration damping damper 40 is a damper that connects the bundle member 50 and the connecting member 30. Any type of vibration damping damper can be used for the vibration damping damper 40, such as a hysteretic damper, a viscous damper, or a viscoelastic damper. These may be used individually or in combination.

[0038] As shown in Figure 3(C), the vibration damping damper 40 has its upper end joined to the upper end of the support member 50, and its lower end positioned in the center of the connecting member 30. Two vibration damping dampers 40 are also positioned between two support members 50, each joined to an adjacent cantilever beam 20.

[0039] As shown in Figure 1(A), the vibration damping dampers 40 are arranged throughout the entire annular roof 10. Specifically, the vibration damping dampers 40 are arranged in both the area where the cantilever beams 20 are arranged in parallel and the roof 10 is formed in a straight line (region R1), and the area where the cantilever beams 20 are arranged radially and the roof 10 is formed in a curved shape (region R2).

[0040] (Horizontal stiffener) The roof 10 is stiffened horizontally by stiffening members 60. The stiffening members 60 are arranged along directions intersecting the X and Y directions and connect the cantilever beams 20 to each other. The height at which the stiffening members 60 are placed is not particularly limited. For example, they may be at the same height as the upper chord 22 shown in Figure 2, at the same height as the lower chord 24, or at a different height.

[0041] <Mechanism and Effects> In the roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, cantilever beams 20 supported by support members 12 are arranged in a row, and adjacent cantilever beams 20 are connected to each other by connecting members 30.

[0042] In this type of roof structure, when a cantilever beam 20 shakes vertically during an earthquake, the phase of the shaking of adjacent cantilever beams 20 may be shifted, resulting in a large difference in displacement. For example, as shown by arrow N and dashed line 20A in Figure 2, the cantilever beam 20 may shake in a wave-like motion in the vertical direction.

[0043] Therefore, in this roof structure, as shown in Figure 3(C), a support member 50 that protrudes upward is joined to the cantilever beam 20, and this support member 50 and connecting member 30 are connected by a vibration damping damper 40. As a result, the vibration damping damper 40 can expand and contract in accordance with the difference in displacement of adjacent cantilever beams 20, thereby suppressing vibrations.

[0044] Furthermore, when the support members 50 and connecting members 30 are connected with vibration damping dampers 40, the inclination of the vibration damping dampers 40 can be set to an angle closer to the vertical direction, and their length can be shortened, compared to when the support members 50 and cantilever beams 20 are connected with vibration damping dampers 40, as shown in Figure 4(A). As a result, the expansion and contraction ratio of the vibration damping dampers 40 in response to vertical shaking becomes larger, making it easier to reduce vibrations.

[0045] Furthermore, in this roof structure, as shown in Figure 1(A), the vibration damping dampers 40 are placed not only in the area where the cantilever beams 20 are arranged in parallel (region R1), but also in the area where the cantilever beams 20 are arranged radially (region R2).

[0046] In region R2, since the angles of the cantilever beams 20 differ for horizontal forces in the same direction, different horizontal forces are input to each cantilever beam 20. As a result, the vibration characteristics of each cantilever beam 20 differ. This makes it easy for displacement differences to occur between adjacent cantilever beams 20. By installing a vibration damping damper 40 in a region where such displacement differences are likely to occur, vibrations can be easily reduced in that region.

[0047] <Variation> The arrangement of the support members 50 and vibration damping dampers 40 in the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, as explained with reference to Figure 4(A), the upper end of the support member 50 joined to the cantilever beam 20 may be connected to the cantilever beam 20 adjacent to the said cantilever beam 20 with a vibration damping damper 40.

[0048] By arranging the vibration damping dampers 40 in this manner, the vibration damping dampers 40 are not joined to the connecting members 30, resulting in a neater finish for the roof finishing material. For example, when installing the support members 50 and vibration damping dampers 40 on an existing roof 10, it is not necessary to process the waterproof layer covering the connecting members 30, thus simplifying the construction process.

[0049] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 4(B), the upper ends of the support members 50 may be connected with connecting members 32. By arranging such connecting members, the cantilever beam 20 is connected by a truss beam in which the connecting members 32 are the upper chord members, the connecting members 30 are the lower chord members, and the vibration damping dampers 40 are the diagonal members. As a result, the rigidity in the vertical direction is increased, and the occurrence of swaying in the cantilever beam 20 can be suppressed.

[0050] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 5(A), the support member 50 may be joined to the connecting member 30 and protrude upward, and the upper end of the support member 50 and the cantilever beam 20 may be connected with a vibration damping damper 40. Even if the support member 50 and the vibration damping damper 40 are arranged in this way, the same effect as in the example shown in Figure 3(C) can be obtained.

[0051] Furthermore, when joining the support member 50 to the connecting member 30, the support member 50 may protrude downward, as shown in Figure 5(B). In this case, the vibration damping damper 40 is also positioned below the connecting member 30.

[0052] If the support members 50 protrude downwards, they do not need to protrude upwards from the roof 10, resulting in better waterproofing. For example, if the roof 10 is an existing structure and vibration damping dampers 40 are to be added, the existing waterproofing layer does not need to be modified.

[0053] Furthermore, even when the support members 50 protrude downwards, the lower ends of the support members 50 can be connected with the connecting members 32, as shown in Figure 6(A).

[0054] By connecting the downwardly projecting beam members 50 with connecting members 32, the connecting members 32 can be used as support beams for the walkway 70 (so-called catwalk), as shown in Figure 6(B), for example. The walkway 70 can be used as a work platform for inspecting equipment such as lighting fixtures, air conditioning fixtures, and sound equipment installed on the roof 10.

[0055] Furthermore, although the above embodiment described the placement of the support members 50 and vibration damping dampers 40 as being "near the tip" of the cantilever beam 20, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this. As shown in Figure 5(A), the support members 50 can be provided at any location (for example, the tip) in the cantilever beam 20's outward direction. Also, if the vibration damping dampers 40 can be placed between adjacent cantilever beams 20, the configuration may be made without providing the support members 50.

[0056] As mentioned above, possible locations for placing the vibration damping damper 40 include places where the difference in displacement between adjacent cantilever beams 20 becomes large when a cantilever beam 20 shakes vertically due to an earthquake.

[0057] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 7(A), one possible location for placing the vibration damping damper 40 is the location where the equipment E is installed. By placing the vibration damping damper 40 in the location where the equipment E is installed, the shaking in that location can be suppressed, making it less likely for the equipment E to fall during an earthquake. Examples of equipment E include the lighting fixtures, air conditioning fixtures, and sound equipment mentioned above.

[0058] Furthermore, regardless of the placement of the support members 50, diagonal braces 52 may be attached to the support members 50. The diagonal braces 52 are positioned along the cantilever direction of the cantilever beam 20. This prevents the structural plane on which the support members 50 and the vibration damping dampers 40 are placed from bulging out of the plane, thus making it easier for the vibration damping dampers 40 to exert their vibration damping effect.

[0059] Furthermore, the support members 50 may be provided at more than one location in the cantilevered direction of the cantilever beam 20. In the example shown in Figure 7(B), the support members 50 are provided at two locations in total, one on each side of the support member 12 in the cantilevered direction of the cantilever beam 20. The number and position of the support members 50 when multiple locations are provided are arbitrary, but vibration damping dampers 40 (not shown in Figure 7) are attached to the support members 50.

[0060] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the vibration damping damper 40 was arranged over the entire annular roof 10 as shown in Figure 1(A), but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this. For example, as shown in Figure 1(B), it may be provided only in the portion (region R2) where the cantilever beams 20 are arranged radially and the roof 10 is formed in a curved shape.

[0061] In the section where the cantilever beams 20 are arranged radially to form a curved roof 10, the angles of the cantilever beams 20 differ for the same horizontal force, resulting in different horizontal forces being applied to each cantilever beam 20. Consequently, the vibration characteristics of each cantilever beam 20 differ. This makes it easy for displacement differences to occur between adjacent cantilever beams 20. By concentrating vibration damping dampers 40 in these areas where displacement differences are likely to occur, vibrations can be reduced efficiently.

[0062] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1(C), vibrations can be efficiently reduced by providing vibration damping dampers 40 at the corners where displacement differences are likely to occur in the cantilever beams 20 in the portion of the roof 10 that is formed in a substantially polygonal shape.

[0063] Furthermore, adjacent cantilever beams 20 may differ not only in their angles but also in their vertical rigidity and overhang length. In these cases as well, differences will occur in the vibration characteristics of each cantilever beam 20. Even in such cases, vibrations can be efficiently reduced by placing vibration damping dampers 40 between the cantilever beams 20. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0064] 12 Support members 20 Cantilever beam 30 Connecting material 32 Connecting material (second connecting material) 40 Vibration damping damper 50 Bundle material

Claims

1. Support member and Multiple cantilever beams, which extend from the aforementioned support member and are arranged in a line, A connecting member that connects adjacent cantilever beams, A support member whose end is joined to the cantilever beam and which protrudes upward, The aforementioned bracing member and the aforementioned connecting member, or a vibration damping damper connecting the bracing member and the aforementioned cantilever beam, A roof structure equipped with this feature.

2. Support member and Multiple cantilever beams, which extend from the aforementioned support member and are arranged in a line, A connecting member that connects adjacent cantilever beams, A bundle of members whose ends are joined to the connecting member and which protrude upward or downward, A vibration damping damper connecting the aforementioned support member and the aforementioned cantilever beam, A roof structure equipped with this feature.

3. Below the aforementioned connecting member, a second connecting member is positioned to connect adjacent cantilever beams. The aforementioned bundle material protrudes downward, and its lower end is joined to the second connecting material. The roof structure according to claim 2.

4. Above the aforementioned connecting member, a second connecting member is positioned to connect adjacent bundle members. The roof structure according to claim 1.

5. At least one of the aforementioned cantilever beams has different vibration characteristics from the other cantilever beams. The roof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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