Work vehicles

Abstract

To provide a work vehicle in which an electric cylinder connected to a rod between a brake pedal and a brake can be easily attached / detached.SOLUTION: A work vehicle comprises: an operation part (6) disposed in a traveling vehicle body (1) which an operator boards; a rod (71) which connects a brake pedal (68) of the operation part (6) with a brake (70) braking a rear wheel (3); an electric cylinder (72) actuating the rod (71) in a direction so that the brake (70) brakes the rear wheel (3) in which the electric cylinder (72) is fixed to the traveling vehicle body (1) through a pin (74C) energized by energizing means (76B); and a gripping part (74D) which is arranged at an end part of the pin (74C) to manually pull out the pin (74C) in resistance to the energizing means (76B).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 19

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a work vehicle that travels in parks and the like to mow grass and the like. [Background Art]

[0002] Conventionally, in order to reduce the burden on an operator, there has been known a means for assisting the operator in depressing a brake pedal by connecting an electric cylinder to a rod that connects the brake pedal and a brake that brakes the output rotation of rear wheels. (Patent Document 1) Furthermore, it is known that a work vehicle is provided with a battery mounted on a rear portion of the work vehicle, supplies electric power of the battery to an electric motor, and transmits the output rotation of the electric motor to a work implement such as a mower deck that is supported at a rear wheel or a front portion of the work vehicle so as to be movable up and down to drive the work implement. (Patent Document 2) [Prior Art Documents] [Patent Documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2021-102978 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2020-156340 [Summary of the Invention] [Problem to be Solved by the Invention]

[0004] However, with the means of Patent Document 1, when a malfunction occurs such that power is not supplied to the electric cylinder due to disconnection while the brake is activated, or when the electric vehicle runs out of power as in Patent Document 2, the work vehicle cannot be moved to the road shoulder, which may hinder the travel of other work vehicles.

[0005] Therefore, a main object of the present invention is to provide a work vehicle in which an electric cylinder connected to a rod connecting a brake pedal and a brake can be easily attached and detached. [Means for Solving the Problem]

[0006] The present invention, which solves the above problems, comprises a vehicle body (1) having rear wheels (3), A fixing member (77) fixed to the aforementioned vehicle body (1), The vehicle body (1) is provided with a control unit (6) on which an operator sits, and the brake pedal (68) of the control unit (6) and the brake (70) that brakes the rear wheel (3) are connected by a rod (71), and the rod (71) is operated by an electric cylinder (72) that moves the brake (70) in the direction that brakes the rear wheel (3), and the electric cylinder (72) , one end of the electric cylinder (72) and the opening of the fixing member (77) are inserted The vehicle is fixed to the vehicle body (1) via a pin (74C) biased by a biasing means (76B), and the end of the pin (74C) is provided with a gripping portion (74D) for manually pulling out the pin (74C) against the biasing means (76B). [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, a malfunctioning electric cylinder (72) can be easily attached and detached, allowing the work vehicle to be moved to the shoulder of the road. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] This is a left side view of the work vehicle. [Figure 2] This is a left side view of a work vehicle with its hood cover open. [Figure 3] This is a perspective view of a key section of a work vehicle that was partially broken. [Figure 4] This is a rear view of the work vehicle. [Figure 5] This is a plan view of the rear wheels and the main components of the work equipment. [Figure 6] This is a left side view of the rear wheel and the main components of the work implement. [Figure 7] This is a left side view of the electric motor for the rear wheels and the electric motor for the work equipment. [Figure 8] This is a perspective view of the vehicle in motion. [Figure 9] This is a perspective view of the steering column. [Figure 10] This is an objective view of the battery and battery bracket. [Figure 11] It is a perspective view of a battery bracket. [Figure 12] It is a front view of a front wheel, a battery, and a battery bracket. [Figure 13] It is a plan view of a principal part with a part of a work vehicle cut away. [Figure 14] It is a perspective view of an electrical component. [Figure 15] It is a perspective view of a casing of an inverter device. [Figure 16] It is a perspective view of a casing of a battery monitoring device. [Figure 17] It is a left side view of a brake pedal, an electric cylinder, and a drum brake. [Figure 18] It is a plan view of a brake pedal, an electric cylinder, and a drum brake. [Figure 19] It is a perspective view of an electric cylinder. [Figure 20] It is a perspective view of an attaching / detaching device for an electric cylinder. [Figure 21] It is a plan view of an attaching / detaching device for an electric cylinder. MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0009] As shown in FIG. 1, a work vehicle such as a riding lawn mower includes a traveling vehicle body, a pair of left and right front wheels provided at a front portion of the traveling vehicle body, a pair of left and right rear wheels provided at a rear portion of the traveling vehicle body, and a working machine for cutting grass or the like provided between the front wheels and the rear wheels on a lower side of the traveling vehicle body. Further, a bonnet portion is provided at an upper front portion of the traveling vehicle body, an operation section where an operator rides is provided at a rear side of the bonnet portion, and a grass collection container for storing grass or the like cut by the working machine is provided at a rear side of the operation section.

[0010] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the bonnet section 5 is equipped with a battery 50 that stores power supplied to the electric motor 30 that drives the rear wheels 3, and the battery 50 is covered by a bonnet cover 51. The bonnet cover 51 is supported by a support shaft (not shown) that extends in the left-right direction and is located at the front of the vehicle body 1. This allows for effective use of the space formed in the bonnet section 5 and suppresses differences in the front-rear weight balance of the work vehicle.

[0011] Electrical components 61 are provided below the cockpit 60 of the control unit 6. This allows for effective use of the space formed below the cockpit 60.

[0012] As shown in Figures 4-7, below the electrical components 61, there is an electric motor (the "first motor" in the claims) 30, such as a synchronous motor or induction motor, which is operated by a three-phase AC voltage waveform that drives the rear wheels 3. An output shaft (the "first output shaft" in the claims) 30A, which extends in the left-right direction from the electric motor 30, is connected to the upper part of a gearbox 31 that reduces the output rotation transmitted from the output shaft 30A to increase the output torque or reverse the direction of rotation. The electric motor 30 is positioned to the left of the center in the left-right direction.

[0013] The output rotation, which is increased or decreased in the gearbox 31, is transmitted to the drive shaft 33, which extends in the left-right direction, via a differential gear 32, which is located at the bottom of the gearbox 31 and is formed by differential gears or the like. The output rotation transmitted to the drive shaft 33 is then transmitted to the rear wheels 3, which are supported at both ends of the drive shaft 33.

[0014] Below the electric motor 30, there is an electric motor (the "second electric motor" in the claims) 40, such as a synchronous motor or induction motor, which is operated by a three-phase AC voltage waveform that drives the work implement 4. The output shaft (the "second output shaft" in the claims) 40A, which extends in the front-rear direction of the electric motor 40, is connected to the rear of a universal joint 41 which also extends in the front-rear direction. The output shaft 40A is also provided above the drive shaft 33, perpendicular to the drive shaft 33. This allows for effective use of the space below the electric motor 30. Furthermore, the transmission path between the electric motor 40 and the work implement 4 can be shortened, allowing for efficient transmission of the output rotation of the electric motor 40 to the work implement 4. The electric motor 40 is positioned to the left of the center in the left-right direction.

[0015] The front of the universal joint 41 is connected to a gearbox 42 that reduces the output rotation transmitted from the universal joint 41 to increase the output torque. The output rotation transmitted to the gearbox 42 is transmitted to the left cutting blade (not shown) located in the left discharge passage 45L of the work implement 4 via an output shaft formed in the vertical direction of the gearbox 42.

[0016] A connecting member 43, which extends in the left-right direction, is connected to the right side of the gearbox 42, and the right side of the connecting member 43 is connected to the gearbox 44. The output rotation transmitted to the gearbox 44 is transmitted to the right cutting blade (not shown) provided in the right discharge passage 45R of the work machine 4 via an output shaft formed by extending the gearbox 44 in the vertical direction. The rotational speeds of the output shafts of the gearbox 42 and the gearbox 44 are the same, but their directions of rotation are opposite; that is, in a plan view, the output shaft of the gearbox 42 rotates clockwise, and the output shaft of the gearbox 44 rotates counterclockwise.

[0017] The outlets of the left discharge passage 45L and the right discharge passage 45R are connected to the inlet of the chute 46, which transports the cut grass and other materials to the grass collection container 7. The outlet of the chute 46 is connected to the inlet of the grass collection container 7.

[0018] In a plan view, the front of the chute 46 is located to the right of the universal joint 41, and the rear of the chute 46 is located to the right of the gearbox 31. In a rear view, the chute 46 and the grass collection container 7 are located between the gearbox 31 and the right rear wheel 3. This allows a large chute 46 to be installed in the space formed to the right of the universal joint 41 and the gearbox 31, enabling efficient transport of grass and other materials cut by the implement 4 to the grass collection container 7.

[0019] In a side view, the upper wall of the chute 46 is formed with an upward slope towards the rear, and the rear of the chute 46 extends downward below the electrical components 61. This makes the rear of the chute 46 larger, preventing clogging of grass and other debris inside the chute 46.

[0020] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the vehicle body 1 is formed from a vehicle body main body 10 that supports the front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3, and a steering post 11 that supports the steering shaft 63.

[0021] The main body of the vehicle 10 has left front and rear frames 10L and right front and rear frames 10R that extend in the front-rear direction, and a left connecting portion 11L and a right connecting portion 11R that extend forward are formed at the lower part of the steering post 11.

[0022] The left connecting portion 11L is fixed to the left front and rear frame 10L by fastening means such as bolts, and the right connecting portion 11R is fixed to the right front and rear frame 10R by fastening means such as bolts, forming a single vehicle body 1.

[0023] A left support member 12L is provided at the front of the left front / rear frame 10L, and the connecting portion of the left support member 12L is formed with an upward slope to the left. Similarly, a right support member 12R is provided at the front of the right front / rear frame 10R, and the connecting portion of the right support member 12R is formed with an upward slope to the right. The left support member 12L and the right support member 12R are made of channel steel.

[0024] A left support member 13L is provided at the front of the left connecting section 11L, and the connecting portion of the left support member 13L is formed with an upward slope to the left. Similarly, a right support member 13R is provided at the front of the right connecting section 11R, and the connecting portion of the right support member 12R is formed with an upward slope to the right. The left support member 13L and the right support member 13R are made of channel steel.

[0025] A protruding portion 14 is formed at the lower part of the steering post 11, projecting forward at a predetermined distance in the left-right direction, and a cushioning member 15 made of rubber or the like is provided at the tip of the protruding portion 14.

[0026] As shown in Figure 10, the lower part of the battery 50, which is installed in the bonnet section 5, is fitted into the inner circumference of the battery bracket 52. The battery 50 is formed by connecting multiple high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries in series and parallel. This makes effective use of the space created in the bonnet section 5. Furthermore, because lithium-ion batteries have high energy density, a single full charge allows the work vehicle to travel long distances.

[0027] As shown in Figure 11, the battery bracket 52 is formed of a left front and rear frame 52L and a right front and rear frame 52R that extend in the front and rear direction, a front left and right frame 52A that connects the front parts of the left front and rear frame 52L and the right front and rear frame 52R, and a rear left and right frame 52B that connects the rear parts of the left front and rear frame 52L and the right front and rear frame 52R. The left front and rear frame 52L and the right front and rear frame 52R are made of angle steel, while the front left and right frame 52A and the rear left and right frame 52B are made of channel steel.

[0028] The connecting portion of the left front and rear frame 52L is formed with an upward slope to the left, and the connecting portion of the right front and rear frame 52R is formed with an upward slope to the left. In a rear view, the upward slope to the left of the connecting portion of the left support member 13L, the connecting portion of the left support member 12L, and the connecting portion of the left front and rear frame 52L are formed at the same angle, and the upward slope to the right of the connecting portion of the right support member 12R, the connecting portion of the right support member 12R, and the connecting portion of the right front and rear frame 52R are formed at the same angle.

[0029] A round left vibration damping member 53L is provided on the lower surface of the connecting portion of the left front and rear frame 52L at a predetermined distance in the front-rear direction, and a round right vibration damping member 53R is provided on the lower surface of the connecting portion of the right front and rear frame 52R at a predetermined distance in the front-rear direction.

[0030] The left front and rear frame 52L is connected to the left support member 12L of the left front and rear frame 10L and the left support member 13L of the left connecting section 11L via the left vibration damping member 53L, and the right front and rear frame 52R is connected to the right support member 12R of the right front and rear frame 10R and the right support member 13R of the right connecting section 11R via the right vibration damping member 53R. This suppresses the transmission of vibrations from the vehicle body 10 generated when the work vehicle is running to the battery 50, thereby preventing damage to the battery 50.

[0031] As shown in Figure 12, the connecting portion of the left front and rear frame 52L is provided perpendicular to the left imaginary line 55L, which connects the center of the left vibration damping member 53L and the center of the left front wheel 2L. Similarly, the connecting portion of the right front and rear frame 52R is provided perpendicular to the right imaginary line 55R, which connects the center of the right vibration damping member 53R and the center of the right front wheel 2R. This suppresses large vibrations caused by unevenness in the running surface via the front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3, thereby preventing damage to the battery 50, etc. Reference numeral 57 indicates the front wheel support frame that supports the left and right front wheels 2, and reference numeral 56 indicates the connecting portion between the front wheel support frame and the running vehicle body 10, and indicates the pivot axis of the front wheel support frame.

[0032] Furthermore, the tips of the cushioning members 15 of the steering post 11 are pressed against the rear surfaces of the left and right rear frames 52B of the battery bracket 52. This prevents the battery 50 from moving backward when the work vehicle starts, thereby preventing damage to the battery 50.

[0033] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, a steering wheel 62 is provided in front of the cockpit 60 of the control unit 6, and the steering wheel 62 is supported on the upper part of a steering shaft 63 that extends in the vertical direction.

[0034] On the left fender 64L to the left of the cockpit 60, there is a cleaner lever 65 for operating the transport of the mowed grass remaining inside the chute 46 to the rear grass collection container 7, and on the right fender 64R of the cockpit 60, there is an operating lever 66 for operating the raising and lowering of the work equipment 4.

[0035] A brake pedal 68 is provided on the left front of the floor 67 where the driver places their feet when operating the vehicle. The front end of a rod 71, which extends in the front-to-back direction, is connected to the lower part of the brake pedal 68, and the rear end of the rod 71 is connected to a brake 70 that brakes the output rotation of the gearbox 31. In addition, a forward accelerator pedal 78 and a reverse accelerator pedal 79 are arranged side by side on the right front of the floor 67.

[0036] As shown in Figures 13 and 14, the electrical components 61 located below the cockpit 60 consist of an inverter device 80 that converts the DC voltage supplied from the battery 50 into AC voltage to generate a three-phase AC voltage waveform for operating the electric motor 30 and the like; a battery monitoring device 81 that monitors the temperature, charge state, voltage protection, and short-circuit status of each cell of the battery 50; an auxiliary battery 82, such as a lead-acid battery, that stores power for the battery that supplies power to the meter panel (not shown) located in front of the cockpit 60 that displays the driving speed and the like; and a converter device 83 that converts the DC voltage supplied from the battery 50 into a DC voltage supplied to a sensor that detects the operating position of the cleaner lever 65 and the like.

[0037] The inverter device 80 is comprised of an inverter device 84 that operates the electric motor 30 and an inverter device 85 that operates the electric motor 40. Furthermore, the inverter device 84 also functions as a charging device that charges the battery 50 with the power supplied from the electric motor 30 to the inverter device 80 when regenerative braking is activated, that is, when the forward accelerator pedal 78 or the reverse accelerator pedal 79 is released and the output shaft 30A rotates due to the inertial force of the vehicle body 1, causing the electric motor 30 to operate as a generator.

[0038] In a plan view, an inverter device 80 is provided at the front of the underside of the cockpit 60, and a battery monitoring device 81 is provided behind the inverter device 80. An auxiliary battery 82 is provided to the left of the inverter device 80, and a converter device 83 is provided to the left of the battery monitoring device 81 and behind the auxiliary battery 82. This allows for effective use of the space created under the cockpit 60. Furthermore, by providing the heavy battery monitoring device 81 at the rear, the difference in weight applied to the front and rear of the vehicle body 10 can be suppressed, thereby improving driving stability.

[0039] As shown in Figure 15, round grommets 86 are provided on the inner surfaces of the left and right walls of the housing 80A of the inverter device 80, at predetermined intervals in the front-rear direction. The housing 80A is connected via the grommets 86 to the left and right frames 16 that extend in the left-right direction and are provided at the rear of the vehicle body 10. This suppresses the transmission of vibrations from the vehicle body 10 generated when the work vehicle is running to the inverter device 80, thereby preventing damage to the inverter device 80. In addition, wires connecting the inverter device 80 and the electric motor 30 can be inserted through the hollow portion formed in the grommets 86, making it easy to route the wires.

[0040] As shown in Figure 16, round grommets 87 are provided on the lower wall of the housing 81A of the battery monitoring device 81 at predetermined intervals in the front-rear and left-right directions. The housing 81A is connected via the grommets 87 to a support frame 18 which is connected to the left and right frames 17 located on the rear side of the left and right frames 16. This suppresses the transmission of vibrations from the vehicle body 10 generated when the work vehicle is running to the battery monitoring device 81, thereby preventing damage to the battery monitoring device 81. In addition, wires connecting the battery monitoring device 81 and the battery 50 can be inserted through the hollow portion formed in the grommet 87, making it easy to route the wires.

[0041] As shown in Figures 17 and 18, the brake pedal 68 and the brake 70 that brakes the output rotation of the gearbox 31 are connected by a rod 71 that extends in the longitudinal direction. In addition, an electric cylinder 72 that assists in pressing the brake pedal 68 is provided on the left side of the rod 71 in the vehicle body 1. The longitudinal direction of the electric cylinder 72 is parallel to the rod 71 and is positioned along the longitudinal direction.

[0042] When the brake pedal 68 is pressed, the brake pedal 68 rotates counterclockwise around the pivot shaft 68A, which extends in the left-right direction, moving the rod 71 forward. This activates the brake 70, stopping the rotation of the rear wheel 3. When the foot is released from the brake pedal 68, a traction means 69, such as a spring, located at the bottom of the brake pedal 68 causes the brake pedal 68 to rotate clockwise around the pivot shaft 68A, moving the rod 71 backward. This releases the brake 70, allowing the rear wheel 3 to rotate.

[0043] When the brake switch (not shown) located on the control unit 6 is turned ON, the rod of the electric cylinder 72 retracts, moving the rod 71 forward. This assists in pressing the brake pedal 68, reducing the burden on the operator. When the brake switch is turned OFF, the rod of the electric cylinder 72 extends, moving the rod 71 backward and releasing the brake 70.

[0044] As shown in Figure 19, the rear end of the electric cylinder 72 on the rod side is connected to the rod 71 via a connecting member 73 that extends in the left-right direction. The rear end of the electric cylinder 72 is rotatably fixed to a cylindrical pin (second pin) 73A formed on the left side of the connecting member 73.

[0045] The piston-side front of the electric cylinder 72 is connected to a fixing member 77 erected on the upper surface of the vehicle body 1 via a cylindrical pin (first pin) 74C that extends in the left-right direction of the attachment / detachment device 74. The front of the electric cylinder 72 is rotatably fixed to the pin 74C.

[0046] As shown in Figures 20 and 21, the attachment / detachment device 74 is formed from a support plate 74A erected on the upper surface of the vehicle body 1, a roughly U-shaped support body 74B extending to the left from the left side of the support plate 74A, a pin 74C extending in the left-right direction provided inside the support body 74B, and a handle 74D provided on the left side of the pin 74C.

[0047] The support body 74B is formed from a rectangular front plate 75A, a rectangular rear plate 75B, and a connecting plate 75C that connects the left sides of the front plate 75A and the rear plate 75B. The front plate 75A has a guide groove (the "first guide groove" in the claim) 75D that extends in the left-right direction, and a guide groove 75E that extends vertically from the left side of the guide groove 75D to the lower end of the front plate 75A. The connecting plate 75C has an opening 75F through which a pin 74C is inserted.

[0048] A pair of projections 76A extending in the outer direction are formed on the middle portion of the pin 74C in the left-right direction, and a biasing means 76B such as a spring is fitted between the connecting plate 75C and the projections 76A on the pin 74C. This prevents the pin 74C from falling off due to vibrations during operation, and prevents the front part of the electric cylinder 72 from coming off the fixing member 77.

[0049] On the other hand, to remove the front of the electric cylinder 72 from the fixing member 77, the handle 74D is pulled to move the projection 76A to the left side of the guide groove 75D. Next, with the pin 74C axis in view, the handle 74D is rotated counterclockwise to move the projection 76A downward from the top of the guide groove 75E, engaging the projection 76A with the front engaging portion 75G of the guide groove (the "second guide groove" in the claim) 75E. This allows the front of the electric cylinder 72 to be pulled upward and detached from the fixing member 77 after the pin 74C, which was inserted through the opening of the fixing member 77, to be easily removed if the electric cylinder 72 malfunctions or otherwise fails to function. The rear of the electric cylinder 72 can be removed from the pin 73A by pulling the rear of the electric cylinder 72 to the left after the snap pin 73B has been pulled out. [Explanation of symbols]

[0050] 1. Running vehicle 2 Front wheels 3 Rear wheels 4. Work equipment 5. Hood section 6. Control Unit 7 Grass collection container 30 Electric motor (1st electric motor) 30A output shaft (first output shaft) 31 Gearbox 33 Drive shaft 40 Electric motor (second electric motor) 40A output shaft (second output shaft) 46 Shooter 50 batteries 60 cockpits 68 Brake pedal 70 Brake 71 Rods 72 Electric Cylinder 73 Connecting member 73A pin (2nd pin) 74 Detachable device 74C pin (1st pin) 74D Handle (Grip) 75A Front Panel 75B rear plate 75D Guide groove (first guide groove) 75E Guide groove (second guide groove) 76A Protrusion 76B Biasing means 77 Fixing member

Claims

1. A vehicle body (1) having rear wheels (3), A fixing member (77) fixed to the aforementioned vehicle body (1), The aforementioned vehicle body (1) is equipped with a control unit (6) on which a driver sits, The brake pedal (68) of the control unit (6) and the brake (70) that brakes the rear wheel (3) are connected by a rod (71). An electric cylinder (72) is provided that moves the rod (71) in the direction that the brake (70) brakes the rear wheel (3). The electric cylinder (72) is fixed to the vehicle body (1) via a pin (74C) that is inserted through one end of the electric cylinder (72) and the opening of the fixing member (77) and is biased by a biasing means (76B). A work vehicle having a gripping portion (74D) at the end of the pin (74C) for manually pulling out the pin (74C) against the biasing means (76B).

2. The work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein one end of the electric cylinder (72) is fixed to the vehicle body (1) and the other end is connected to the rod (71).

3. A projection (76A) is formed on the outer circumference of the pin (74C), A work vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the front plate (75A) and rear plate (75B) of a detachable device (74) that supports the pin (74C) so as to be slidable in the axial direction of the pin (74C) has a first guide groove (75D) that engages with the projection (76A) and guides the axial sliding of the pin (74C), and a second guide groove (75E) that restricts the axial sliding of the pin (74C).

4. A bonnet section (5) is provided on the upper surface of the vehicle body (1) in front of the control section (6). A work machine (4) for cutting grass and other weeds is installed between the front wheels (2) and rear wheels (3) on the underside of the aforementioned vehicle body (1). A first electric motor (30) that drives the rear wheels (3) and a second electric motor (40) that drives the work implement (4) are provided below and to the rear of the cockpit (60) of the control unit (6). The work vehicle according to claim 3, wherein a battery (50) for storing power supplied to the first electric motor (30) and the second electric motor (40) is provided in the bonnet portion (5).

5. The first output shaft (30A) of the first motor (30) is provided along the left-right direction, and the second output shaft (40A) of the second motor (40) is provided along the front-rear direction. A gearbox (31) is provided on one side of the first electric motor (30) for reducing the output rotation of the first output shaft (30A) and switching the direction of rotation. The rear wheel (3) and the gearbox (31) are connected by a drive shaft (33) that extends in the left-right direction, and in a rear view, the first electric motor (30) is positioned above the second electric motor (40). The work vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the second output shaft (40A) is provided above the drive shaft (33).

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