Water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metals

Abstract

To provide a water-soluble lubricating mold release agent for warm / hot plastic working of chromium-containing metal, which exhibits excellent lubricity while suppressing generation of hexavalent chromium.SOLUTION: A water-soluble lubricating mold release agent for warm / hot plastic working of chromium-containing metal comprises (A) an alkali salt of an organic low molecular carboxylic acid, (B) a water-soluble polymer compound, (C) a reducing agent, and (D) water, wherein the blending ratio of components (A), (B), and (C) is such that component (B) is 10-100 pts.mass and component (C) is 2-40 pts.mass, per 100 pts.mass of component (A).SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot warm plastic working, which is applied by coating onto the surface of a mold when chromium-containing metal is subjected to hot warm plastic working.

Background Art

[0002] In hot warm plastic working, water-soluble lubricating release agents for hot warm plastic working are widely applied to the mold surface to release the workpiece, cool the mold surface and ensure processability, so that various parts are processed and produced. The water-soluble lubricating release agents used in hot warm plastic working are water-based, and are usually diluted with water and then coated onto the mold surface.

[0003] Various metal materials are used depending on the types of parts to be produced. In particular, metal materials such as chromium steel and chromium molybdenum steel applied to gear parts and the like that require particularly high strength, and stainless steel and the like applied to piping parts and the like that require corrosion resistance contain chromium at a high ratio as a material component.

[0004] When processing a chromium-containing metal material using the water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot warm plastic working, it is known that at a high temperature usually about 600 to 1300°C, part of the components of the lubricating release agent react with chromium in the metal material to generate hexavalent chromium. From the viewpoints that hexavalent chromium is a harmful substance to the environment and human body, and ensuring the safety of workers at production sites, suppressing the generation of hexavalent chromium during hot warm plastic working of chromium-containing metals has become an important issue.

[0005] Patent Document 1 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-21469) discloses that in an apparatus for heat-treating objects to be processed such as industrial waste, a material containing chromium is not used at parts that may be exposed to high temperature or flame, thereby preventing the generation of hexavalent chromium.

[0006] Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 3599711) discloses a hexavalent chromium fixing mixture mainly composed of sodium chloride (or sodium aluminate), ferrous sulfate, and sodium silicate, and a method for solidifying soil or sludge using this mixture in combination with a cement solidifying agent, and describes reducing hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium using a reducing agent that is ferrous sulfate.

[0007] Furthermore, Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent No. 5280254) discloses a self-lubricating zinc-plated metal material that uses a composition containing a silica sol produced using a reducing agent capable of reducing hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium in the presence of water.

[0008] However, although Patent Documents 1 to 3 concern technologies for preventing the formation of hexavalent chromium, none of them are related to lubricating release agents for the plastic deformation of chromium-containing metals. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-21469 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 3599711 [Patent Document 3] Patent No. 5280254 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0010] Given the current state of the conventional technology, when performing plastic deformation of chromium-containing metal materials using a water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot plastic deformation, there is a strong desire for a lubricating release agent that not only exhibits excellent lubricity, which is a fundamental performance characteristic of lubricating release agents, but also suppresses the generation of hexavalent chromium, which is harmful to the environment and human health.

[0011] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metals that has excellent lubricity and can suppress the generation of hexavalent chromium. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] As a result of diligent research to achieve the above objective, the inventors have found that a water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot plastic deformation, which is a mixture of an alkali salt of an organic low molecular weight carboxylic acid, a water-soluble polymer compound, and a reducing agent in specific proportions, exhibits excellent lubricity when hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metal materials, while sufficiently suppressing the generation of hexavalent chromium.

[0013] This invention was completed based on the above-mentioned new findings. Specifically, this invention provides a water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metals, as described below.

[0014] 1. It contains (A) an alkali salt of an organic low molecular weight carboxylic acid, (B) a water-soluble polymer compound, (C) a reducing agent, and (D) water, and A water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metals, wherein the blending ratio of components (A), (B), and (C) is 10 to 100 parts by mass of component (B) and 2 to 40 parts by mass of component (C) per 100 parts by mass of component (A).

[0015] 2. (A) A water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metals as described in item 1 above, wherein the alkali salt of the organic low molecular weight carboxylic acid is a salt of one or more selected from the group consisting of adipic acid, sebacic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, dodecanediic acid, phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, itaconic acid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, benzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, salicylic acid, 2,3-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, and 2-naphthoic acid, and one or more selected from the group consisting of ethylamine, diethylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, methylethanolamine, diglycolamine, diethylaminoethanol, cyclohexylamine, benzylamine, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide.

[0016] 3. (B) A water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metals as described in item 1 or 2 above, wherein the water-soluble polymer compound is one or more alkali metal salts or amine salts selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic acid, styrene-maleic acid copolymer, acrylic acid-maleic anhydride copolymer, carboxymethylcellulose, isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer, and methyl vinyl ether-maleic anhydride copolymer.

[0017] 4. (C) Reducing agents include ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbate, potassium ascorbate, calcium ascorbate, erythorbic acid, sodium erythorbate, potassium erythorbate, calcium erythorbate, citric acid, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, calcium citrate, gluconic acid, sodium gluconate, potassium gluconate, calcium gluconate, 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, sodium sulfite, potassium sulfite, calcium sulfite, magnesium sulfite, ammonium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, potassium bisulfite, calcium bisulfite, ammonium bisulfite, sodium thiosulfate, potassium thiosulfate, ammonium thiosulfate A water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metals as described in item 1 or 2 above, which is one or more selected from the group consisting of monium, sodium hyposulfite, potassium hyposulfite, sodium pyrosulfate, potassium pyrosulfite, sodium hypophosphite, potassium hypophosphite, calcium hypophosphite, magnesium hypophosphite, ammonium hypophosphite, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, disodium calcium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, glucose, fructose, galactose, maltose, lactose, lactulose, cellobiose, iron(II) sulfate, catechin, anthocyanin, tannin, rutin, isoflavone, curcumin, chlorogenic acid, ellagic acid, and lignan. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] The water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metals of the present invention exhibits the following remarkable effects.

[0019] (1) According to the water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metals of the present invention, by blending an alkali salt of an organic low molecular weight carboxylic acid with a water-soluble polymer compound and a reducing agent in specific proportions, the generation of hexavalent chromium, a harmful substance, can be sufficiently suppressed when hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metal materials.

[0020] (2) Furthermore, according to the water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot and warm plastic working of chromium-containing metals of the present invention, excellent lubricity is exhibited when performing hot and warm plastic working on chromium-containing metal materials.

[0021] (3) Therefore, the water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot and warm plastic working of chromium-containing metals of the present invention has excellent lubricity and can suppress the generation of hexavalent chromium. Accordingly, it can be suitably used particularly when performing hot and warm plastic working on chromium-containing metal materials such as: chromium steel and chromium molybdenum steel applied to gear parts and the like that require particularly high strength; and stainless steel applied to piping parts and the like that require corrosion resistance.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0022] Water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metals The water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot and warm plastic working of chromium-containing metals of the present invention is a water-based lubricating release agent that is used by being applied to a mold. It is characterized by containing (A) an alkali salt of a low-molecular-weight organic carboxylic acid, (B) a water-soluble polymer compound, (C) a reducing agent, and (D) water, wherein the blending ratio of component (A), component (B) and component (C) falls within a specific range. In addition, the warm forging referred to herein is a plastic working method in which a chromium-containing metal workpiece such as chromium steel is heated to a temperature of approximately 600°C to 1000°C. Further, the hot forging referred to herein is a plastic working method in which a chromium-containing metal workpiece such as chromium steel is heated to a temperature of approximately 1000°C to 1300°C.

[0023] (A) Alkali salts of low molecular weight organic carboxylic acids In the water-soluble lubricating release agent of the present invention, the alkali salt of a low-molecular-weight organic carboxylic acid (A) is used to impart strength and heat resistance to the formed lubricating coating.

[0024] As the alkali salt of a low-molecular-weight organic carboxylic acid (A), an amine salt or alkali metal salt of a low-molecular-weight organic carboxylic acid can be used.

[0025] Examples of organic low molecular weight carboxylic acids include adipic acid, sebacic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, dodecanediic acid, phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, itaconic acid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, benzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, salicylic acid, 2,3-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, and 2-naphthoic acid. One or more selected from these can be used.

[0026] Examples of alkali salts include amines such as ethylamine, diethylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, methylethanolamine, diglycolamine, diethylaminoethanol, cyclohexylamine, and benzylamine, as well as alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. One or more selected from these can be used.

[0027] The alkali salt (A) of the organic low molecular weight carboxylic acid may be obtained by using an alkali salt of the carboxylic acid as a raw material from the outset, or by reacting the carboxylic acid with an amine or alkali metal hydroxide during the lubricant manufacturing process to form the alkali salt of the carboxylic acid.

[0028] The proportion of the alkali salt (A) of the low molecular weight organic carboxylic acid is determined by the proportion of the water-soluble polymer compound (B) and the reducing agent (C). However, too much tends to reduce the adhesion of the lubricating film, and too little tends to reduce the strength and heat resistance of the lubricating film, so care must be taken.

[0029] (B) Water-soluble polymer compound In the water-soluble lubricant release agent of the present invention, the water-soluble polymer compound (B) is for providing adhesion to the lubricating film.

[0030] Examples of water-soluble polymer compounds (B) include polyacrylic acid, styrene-maleic acid copolymer, acrylic acid-maleic anhydride copolymer, carboxymethylcellulose, isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer, methyl vinyl ether-maleic anhydride copolymer, etc., and alkali metal salts or amine salts of one or more compounds selected from these can be used.

[0031] The water-soluble polymer compound (B) can be used after being converted into an alkali metal salt or amine salt and made solubilized in water. When converting to an alkali metal salt, it is preferable to react it with sodium hydroxide to form a sodium salt, or with potassium hydroxide to form a potassium salt. In such cases, it is preferable to react it with alkanolamines, such as ethanolamine, to form an ethanolamine salt.

[0032] The appropriate blending ratio of the water-soluble polymer compound (B) is approximately 10 to 100 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the alkali salt of the organic low molecular weight carboxylic acid (A). If the blending ratio of the water-soluble polymer compound is less than 10 parts by mass, the adhesion of the lubricating film tends to be insufficient, and if it exceeds 100 parts by mass, the heat resistance to high temperatures may decrease, so caution is necessary.

[0033] (C) Reducing agent In the water-soluble lubricating mold release agent of the present invention, the reducing agent (C) is intended to impart the property of suppressing the generation of hexavalent chromium when performing plastic deformation of a chromium-containing metal material using a water-soluble lubricating mold release agent for hot plastic deformation. This property is thought to be due to the reducing agent reducing the generated hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium.

[0034] Examples of reducing agents (C) include organic hydroxycarboxylic acids such as ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbate, potassium ascorbate, calcium ascorbate, erythorbic acid, sodium erythorbate, potassium erythorbate, calcium erythorbate, citric acid, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, calcium citrate, gluconic acid, sodium gluconate, potassium gluconate, calcium gluconate, and 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid; alkali sulfites such as sodium sulfite, potassium sulfite, calcium sulfite, magnesium sulfite, ammonium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, potassium bisulfite, calcium bisulfite, and ammonium bisulfite; alkali thiosulfates such as sodium thiosulfate, potassium thiosulfate, and ammonium thiosulfate; and hyposulfite. Examples of such substances include alkali salts of hyposulfite such as sodium sulfate and potassium hyposulfite; alkali salts of pyrosulfite such as sodium pyrosulfate; alkali salts of pyrosulfite such as potassium pyrosulfite; alkali salts of hypophosphate such as sodium hypophosphite, potassium hypophosphite, calcium hypophosphite, magnesium hypophosphite, and ammonium hypophosphite; alkali salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetate such as disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate and disodium calcium ethylenediaminetetraacetate; reducing sugars such as glucose, fructose, galactose, maltose, lactose, lactulose, and cellobiose; iron(II) sulfate; and polyphenols such as catechin, anthocyanin, tannin, rutin, isoflavone, curcumin, chlorogenic acid, ellagic acid, and lignan. One or more of these can be selected and used.

[0035] Among the reducing agents (C) mentioned above, preferred examples include organic hydroxycarboxylic acids such as ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbate, potassium ascorbate, calcium ascorbate, erythorbic acid, sodium erythorbate, potassium erythorbate, calcium erythorbate, citric acid, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, calcium citrate, gluconic acid, sodium gluconate, potassium gluconate, calcium gluconate; and alkali sulfites such as sodium sulfite, potassium sulfite, calcium sulfite, magnesium sulfite, and ammonium sulfite.

[0036] The appropriate blending ratio of the reducing agent (C) is approximately 2 to 40 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the alkali salt (A) of the low molecular weight organic carboxylic acid. If the blending ratio of the reducing agent is less than 2 parts by mass, the effect of suppressing the formation of hexavalent chromium tends to be insufficient. Conversely, if it exceeds 40 parts by mass, the effect of suppressing the formation of hexavalent chromium and its persistence become excessive, which is undesirable from a cost perspective and may disrupt the balance of the film components, potentially adversely affecting lubrication performance. Therefore, caution is necessary.

[0037] (D)Water Water (D) is used as a solvent for the film components and for cooling during hot plastic deformation. Industrial water, tap water, distilled water, deionized water, or pure water can be used as Water (D). The amount of Water (D) shall be the remainder of the components (A), (B), (C), and other additive components.

[0038] The water (D) content in the lubricating release agent of the present invention is preferably about 30 to 95% by mass when the total mass of the lubricating release agent is 100% by mass, in order to provide a homogeneous aqueous solution containing (A) an alkali salt of an organic low molecular weight carboxylic acid, (B) a water-soluble polymer compound, and (C) a reducing agent.

[0039] Other ingredients In addition to the above essential components, the lubricating release agent of the present invention may contain additives such as various surfactants, preservatives, and defoamers as needed.

[0040] An example of a method for producing the lubricating mold release agent of the present invention is shown. For example, a water-soluble polymer compound, component (B), is added to water, component (D), and completely dissolved by stirring with a stirrer. Further, an organic low molecular weight carboxylic acid or its alkali salt, component (A), and a reducing agent, component (C), are added and completely dissolved by stirring. Here, the order in which the alkali salts of (A) organic low molecular weight carboxylic acids, (B) water-soluble polymer compounds, and (C) reducing agents are added may be changed as appropriate. At this time, if there is heat generated by the neutralization reaction, it is desirable to dissolve while cooling as appropriate. After these components are completely dissolved, other components (surfactants, preservatives, defoamers, etc.) are added as needed and stirred to form a lubricating mold release agent.

[0041] An example of how to use the lubricating mold release agent of the present invention is shown. The lubricating mold release agent of the present invention is prepared as a stock solution containing each of the essential components mentioned above in specific proportions, and typically contains about 30 to 95% by mass of water. While it is possible to use this stock solution as is, it is preferable to use it after diluting it with water to 3 to 50 times its original volume. For example, by diluting the stock solution, the concentration of the lubricating mold release agent can be adjusted to suit the usage conditions. Furthermore, since the stock solution is stored or transported before dilution, less volume is required compared to the diluted solution used at the time of use, improving the storability and transportability of the lubricating mold release agent.

[0042] The undiluted solution or a solution diluted with water is applied directly to the mold using an air mix spray or the like. Once the water evaporates, the lubricating release agent applied to the mold forms a lubricating film of solid components on the mold surface, which is then used for hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metals. The release lubricant of the present invention has excellent lubrication properties and can suppress the formation of hexavalent chromium when hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metal materials such as chromium steel, chromium-molybdenum steel, and various stainless steels, making it suitable for use when hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metal materials. [Examples]

[0043] The present invention will be described more specifically below based on examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0044] Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-6 Using the components shown in Tables 1 and 2 below, water-soluble lubricating release agents for Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were prepared according to the following procedure. The proportions of the compounds shown in Tables 1 and 2 are in mass percent.

[0045] For each example and Comparative Examples 2-6, a water-soluble polymer compound (component B), an alkali salt of an organic low molecular weight carboxylic acid (component A), and a reducing agent (component C) were added to water (component D), and the mixture was stirred using a stirrer to completely dissolve the components and prepare the present invention or a comparative water-soluble lubricating release agent. For Comparative Example 1, a comparative water-soluble lubricating release agent was prepared in the same manner as in each example, except that the reducing agent (component C) was not added.

[0046] [Table 1]

[0047] [Table 2]

[0048] Table 3 shows the blending ratios of components (B) and (C) to 100 parts by mass of component (A) in each example and comparative example. The numerical values ​​of the blending ratios in Table 3 are in parts by mass.

[0049] [Table 3]

[0050] Next, for each lubricating release agent in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-6, the film adhesion amount was set to 15±1 g / m² to prevent performance differences caused by the amount of lubricating film adhesion. 2 After adjusting the concentration to achieve the desired result, the following performance tests were conducted.

[0051] 1. Adhesion test Each lubricating release agent from Examples 1-9 and Comparative Example 1- was heated to 200°C and sprayed onto the surface of a mold (material SKD-61, shape φ60×20mm) placed at an angle. The uniformity of the film adhering to the mold surface was visually evaluated (○ for good, × for poor), and the amount of film adhering (g / m²) was calculated from the weight of the mold before and after application. 2 ) was calculated.

[0052] Spray coating was performed using a Fuso Seiki ST-5RW spray gun, with a discharge rate of 200 mL / min, a coating time of 0.5 seconds, and a nozzle-to-mold distance of 300 mm.

[0053] 2. Lubricity Test For lubricity testing, a spike test was conducted to evaluate the lubrication performance of each lubricating release agent in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-6. Specifically, a lubricating film of each lubricating release agent was applied to a spike test mold (material SKD-61) under the same spray conditions as in the adhesion test. A cylindrical test piece (material SUS304, shape φ18mm x 22mm) was then compression molded using a crank press (manufactured by Komatsu Industries Co., Ltd.) under the following conditions: processing cycle 35 SPM, test piece temperature 1100°C, mold temperature 200°C, and die height fixed. A spike test was then performed, and the lubrication performance was compared based on the molding load (KN) and the spike height (mm) after the test.

[0054] The spike test results indicated that the higher the spike height and the lower the molding load, the better the lubricity. Specifically, lubricity was expressed by the following formula, and a value of 0.0044 or higher was considered to indicate excellent lubricity performance. Lubricity = Spike height (mm) / Forming load (KN)

[0055] 3. Hexavalent chromium formation confirmation test Chromium steel material (material SCR420, shape φ20mm × 17mm) was heated to 200°C, and each lubricating release agent from Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-6 was applied by direct immersion coating and immediately dried. Then, the test specimens were placed in a crucible and heated in a 1100°C furnace in an air atmosphere for 15 minutes. After removing the crucible from the furnace, the specimens were left for about 1 hour until the temperature fell below 50°C. The crucible was then immersed in 100 ml of purified water for about 1 hour, and the resulting liquid was filtered through a 0.45 μm pore size membrane filter (made of cellulose fiber) to confirm the formation of hexavalent chromium.

[0056] The presence or absence of hexavalent chromium was determined in the above-mentioned samples using a hexavalent chromium measurement kit (manufactured by Kyoritsu Chemical Laboratory, hexavalent chromium reagent WAK-Cr6). The determination of the presence or absence of hexavalent chromium was made by comparing the test results of the samples with the included standard color (hexavalent chromium).

[0057] 4. Overall evaluation For the overall evaluation, a score of ○ was given if the spike test showed good lubricity and the hexavalent chromium formation confirmation test also showed good results (no chromium formation). A score of × was given if either the spike test or the hexavalent chromium formation confirmation test showed poor results.

[0058] Tables 4 and 5 below show the test results and overall evaluations for each of the water-soluble lubricating release agents in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-6.

[0059] [Table 4]

[0060] [Table 5]

[0061] The results from each example show that a water-soluble lubricant and mold release agent for hot plastic deformation containing predetermined amounts of an alkali salt of an organic low molecular weight carboxylic acid, a water-soluble polymer compound, a reducing agent, and water has excellent lubrication properties and an effect of suppressing hexavalent chromium formation. Furthermore, the results from each comparative example show that if the predetermined amount of reducing agent is not present, the effect of suppressing hexavalent chromium formation is not exhibited, and if the predetermined amount of water-soluble polymer compound is not present or if there is too much reducing agent, the lubrication performance becomes insufficient. [Industrial applicability]

[0062] The water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot plastic deformation of the present invention is suitable for use in hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metal materials such as chromium steel, chromium-molybdenum steel, and various stainless steels, as it provides excellent lubricity while suppressing the formation of hexavalent chromium.

Claims

1. (A) contains an alkali salt of an organic low molecular weight carboxylic acid, (B) a water-soluble polymer compound, (C) a reducing agent, and (D) water. The blending ratio of component (A), component (B), and component (C) is such that, per 100 parts by mass of component (A), component (B) is 10 to 100 parts by mass and component (C) is 2 to 40 parts by mass. (A) The alkali salt of the organic low molecular weight carboxylic acid is a salt of one or more organic low molecular weight carboxylic acids selected from the group consisting of adipic acid, sebacic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, dodecanediic acid, phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, itaconic acid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, benzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, salicylic acid, 2,3-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, and 2-naphthoic acid, and one or more alkalis selected from the group consisting of ethylamine, diethylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, methylethanolamine, diglycolamine, diethylaminoethanol, cyclohexylamine, benzylamine, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide. (C) The reducing agent is one or more selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbate, potassium ascorbate, calcium ascorbate, citric acid, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, calcium citrate, sodium sulfite, potassium sulfite, calcium sulfite, magnesium sulfite, ammonium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, potassium bisulfite, calcium bisulfite, and ammonium bisulfite. A water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metals.

2. (B) The water-soluble polymer compound is an alkali metal salt or amine salt of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic acid, styrene-maleic acid copolymer, acrylic acid-maleic anhydride copolymer, carboxymethylcellulose, isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer, and methyl vinyl ether-maleic anhydride copolymer, according to claim 1, which is a water-soluble lubricating release agent for hot plastic deformation of chromium-containing metals.

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