Pavement structures

Abstract

To provide a pavement structure excellent in workability and durability and capable of continuously taking out power from an environment such as facility infrastructure.SOLUTION: A pavement structure 1 is a pavement structure in which a roadbed layer 2 and a road surface layer 3 supported by the roadbed layer 2 are installed. The roadbed layer 2 includes a lamination part 80 formed by laminating unit structures 81 having voids, and a box-shaped device part 10. The device part 10 has at least one of a tertiary battery part 30 for generating power by the temperature change of an electrode, and a thermoelectric conversion cell part 20 for generating power by a temperature difference between the electrodes.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[[Technical Field]]

[0001] The present invention relates to a paved structure that is provided with a power generator that utilizes temperature in an environment such as facility infrastructure and is capable of supplying electric power. [[Background Art]]

[0002] Conventionally, facility infrastructures and the like have incidental facilities that require electric power, such as lighting and signals. For example, in the field of roads, in recent initiatives for intelligent transportation systems (ITS), development of technologies for mutually linking various devices has been advanced, and various devices installed around roads also require electric power. Patent Document 1 describes a paved road provided with a device that generates power from a temperature difference, for supplying electric power to these incidental facilities and various devices. [[Prior Art Documents]] [[Patent Documents]]

[0003] [[Patent Document 1]] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2005-264558 [[Summary of the Invention]] [[Problem to be Solved by the Invention]]

[0004] The power generator of Patent Document 1 uses a thermoelectric conversion element such as a Bi-Te-based element. The thermoelectric conversion element, which is a thin member, is installed parallel to the road surface, and a large number of plate-shaped heat conductive members are provided above and below the thermoelectric conversion element. Embedding a device from which a large number of plate-shaped members protrude requires special procedures and processes in construction, and it is expected that the time and cost required for construction will become problematic when construction is carried out over a wide area. Further, it is expected that the plate-shaped heat conductive member is disadvantageous in terms of durability against traffic loads. Furthermore, if not only temperature difference is utilized but other power generation means can be used in combination, the power generation means can complement each other to achieve stabilization of power supply. This invention was made to solve the aforementioned problems and aims to provide a pavement structure that is excellent in constructability and durability and can sustainably extract electricity from the environment, such as equipment infrastructure. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] To solve these problems, the pavement structure according to the present invention is a pavement structure on which a subgrade layer and a road surface layer supported by the subgrade layer are installed, wherein the subgrade layer comprises a laminated section formed by stacking unit structures having voids and a box-shaped device section, and the device section has at least one of a tertiary battery section that generates electricity by temperature changes of electrodes and a thermoelectric conversion cell section that generates electricity by temperature differences between electrodes. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a pavement structure that is excellent in constructability and durability, and that can continuously extract electricity from the environment, such as equipment infrastructure. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0007] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram showing an example of the installation of a pavement structure according to the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the general structure of the pavement structure according to the present invention. [Figure 3A] This is a perspective view illustrating the general outline of the thermoelectric conversion cell according to the present invention. [Figure 3B] This is a perspective view illustrating a modified example of the electrodes of a thermoelectric conversion cell. [Figure 4] This is a perspective view illustrating the general outline of the tertiary battery cell according to the present invention. [Figure 5] This is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the device according to the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0008] Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The pavement structure 1 according to the present invention can be widely used for paving in infrastructure such as sidewalks and roadways, as well as in parks, commercial facilities, station plazas, port facilities, and the like. As shown in Figure 1 as an example, the pavement structure 1 comprises a base course layer 2 and a road surface layer 3, and is installed above the ground 100 such that the upper surface of the road surface layer 3 is exposed to the ground surface at a height of 200. A base layer 4 may be provided between the pavement structure 1 and the ground 100.

[0009] (Subgrade layer) The subgrade layer 2 is a structure that supports the road surface layer 3. As shown in an example in Figure 2, the subgrade layer 2 comprises an equipment section 10 and a stacking section 80, with the stacking section 80 supporting the road surface layer 3 and securing space for installing the equipment section 10.

[0010] (Equipment section) The device unit 10 is a box-shaped component that contains electrical equipment related to power generation, etc. The device unit 10 has waterproof performance to prevent water from entering the interior, and can suppress malfunctions of the internal electrical equipment even if the pavement structure 1 is submerged in water due to heavy rain, for example. In addition, the device unit 10 can protect the internal electrical equipment from external impacts, etc. The device unit 10 includes a thermoelectric conversion cell unit 20, a tertiary battery unit 30, an energy storage unit 40, and a control unit 50.

[0011] (Thermoelectric conversion cell section) The thermoelectric conversion cell unit 20 has a thermoelectric conversion cell 21 that uses a solution, and is a device that can generate electricity by the temperature difference between the electrodes of the thermoelectric conversion cell 21. The solution is a predetermined electrolyte solution. The electrolyte solution uses water or an organic compound as a solvent. The thermoelectric conversion cell 21 can generate electricity by utilizing, for example, the difference in equilibrium potential in an oxidation-reduction reaction. As shown in Figure 3A as an example, the thermoelectric conversion cell 21 has electrodes 22 arranged spaced apart from each other in a housing 26 filled with an electrolyte solution 25. Here, two electrodes 22A and 22B are arranged spaced apart at both ends of the thermoelectric conversion cell 21. Films 231 and 232 made of a predetermined material are formed on the surfaces of electrodes 22A and 22B. Films 231 and 232 can be made of the same material. Electrical wires 75 and a heat conductive member 70, described later, are connected to electrodes 22A and 22B. The thermoelectric conversion cell 21 generates an electromotive force due to the temperature difference between its electrodes. The electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion cell 21 can be approximately 60mV if the temperature difference between electrodes 22A and 22B is, for example, about 40°C. The thermoelectric conversion cell unit 20 can have multiple thermoelectric conversion cells 21 connected in series. There is no particular limit to the number of cells connected in series; for example, by connecting 20 to 30 thermoelectric conversion cells 21 in series, an electromotive force of about 1.5V can be obtained. The thermoelectric conversion cells 21 may also be connected in parallel, or a combination of parallel and series connections may be used.

[0012] The thermoelectric conversion cell section 20 can generate more power the greater the temperature difference between electrodes 22A and 22B. If the thermal conductivity of the material placed between the electrodes is high, a temperature difference is less likely to occur. For example, in thermoelectric conversion elements using semiconductor materials, the thermal conductivity of the semiconductor material is high, for example, several hundred W / m·K, so a temperature difference is less likely to occur between the electrodes. In contrast, water, which is the material for the solution used in the thermoelectric conversion cell section 20, has a thermal conductivity of 0.6 W / m·K, and organic solvents have a thermal conductivity of 0.2 to 0.3 W / m·K, which is lower than the 1 to 2 W / m·K of asphalt and concrete, which are common road materials. By having a thermoelectric conversion cell section 20 using a solution, the thermal conductivity in the thermoelectric conversion cell 21 can be reduced, and the temperature difference caused by the environment in which the pavement structure 1 is installed can be effectively utilized.

[0013] (Thermal conductive material) The heat conductive member 70 has one end serving as a base end portion 71 and the other end serving as a tip end portion 72, and is a member that forms a heat conduction path between the base end portion 71 and the tip end portion 72. The heat conductive member 70 may be, for example, formed of a wire rod having a large cross-sectional area made of a metal with high thermal conductivity such as copper or aluminum, and covered with a heat insulating material such as glass wool. Further, the heat conductive member 70 can be formed of a resin or the like in which a substance with high thermal conductivity processed into powder or fiber is dispersed. In the heat conductive member 70 connected to the thermoelectric conversion cell 21, the base end portion 71 is connected to the electrodes 22A and 22B. The tip end portion 72 is arranged in a road surface layer 3 described later. It is preferable that the tip end portion 72 of the heat conductive member 70 whose base end portion 71 is connected to the electrode 22A and the tip end portion 72 of the heat conductive member 70 whose base end portion 71 is connected to the electrode 22B are arranged at a position where a large temperature difference is obtained. The base end portion 71 may be, for example, provided with a wall formed of a material having high thermal conductivity so as to be adjacent to the electrode 22A and the electrode 22B, and connected to the wall.

[0014] (Tertiary Battery Unit) The tertiary battery unit 30 is a device that includes a tertiary battery cell 31 using a solution and can generate electric power by temperature change at the electrodes of the tertiary battery cell 31. The tertiary battery cell 31 can generate power by utilizing, for example, a difference in the temperature coefficient of electrode potential among electrodes. As shown in an example in Fig. 4, the tertiary battery cell 31 is configured by arranging an electrode 32 and a separator 34 that separates the electrodes 32 from each other in a housing 36 filled with an electrolyte solution 35. Here, two electrodes 32A and 32B are spaced apart from each other and arranged at both ends of the tertiary battery cell 31. Films 331 and 332 made of predetermined materials are formed on the surfaces of the electrodes 32A and 32B, respectively. The film 331 and the film 332 are formed of different materials.

[0015] The tertiary battery cell 31 generates an electromotive force due to temperature change even if the temperature of the electrodes 32 is the same. The electromotive force of the tertiary battery cell 31 can be about 40 mV when there is no temperature difference between the electrodes 32 and the temperature changes by 30°C, for example. The tertiary battery unit 30 may include a plurality of tertiary battery cells 31 connected in series. The tertiary battery cells 31 can be connected by electric wires 75. In the series connection, for example, an electrode 32B including a membrane 332 is connected to an electrode 32A including a membrane 331 of the next tertiary battery cell 31. The number of series-connected cells is not particularly limited; for example, connecting 20 to 30 tertiary battery cells 31 in series can provide an electromotive force of approximately 1 V. Note that the tertiary battery cells 31 may be connected in parallel, or a combination of parallel connection and series connection may be adopted.

[0016] An electric wire 75 and a heat conductive member 70 are connected to the electrodes 32A and 32B located at both ends of the tertiary battery cell 31. In the heat conductive member 70 connected to the tertiary battery cell 31, a base end portion 71 is connected to the electrodes 32A and 32B, and a tip end portion 72 is disposed on the road surface layer 3. The tip end portion 72 of the heat conductive member 70 whose base end portion 71 is connected to the electrode 32A and the tip end portion 72 of the heat conductive member 70 whose base end portion 71 is connected to the electrode 32B can be disposed at a position with the same temperature as long as they are insulated from each other. For the base end portion 71, for example, a covering member that covers the entire housing 36 with a material having high thermal conductivity may be provided, and the base end portion 71 may be connected to the covering member.

[0017] Since the thermoelectric conversion cell 21 and the tertiary battery cell 31 can be composed of housings 26, 36, electrolyte solutions 25, 35, and electrodes 22, 32, they can be manufactured at a lower cost than, for example, solar panels, and have a simple structure that results in fewer failures. Furthermore, increasing the strength of the housings 26 and 36 makes it possible to meet the demand for load-bearing performance. The thermoelectric conversion cells 21 and tertiary battery cells 31 can be constructed, for example, by installing concrete or plastic housings 26 and 36 at the construction site, then placing the electrolyte solutions 25, 35 and electrodes 22, 32 into the housings 26 and 36 at the construction site, and can be easily embedded in the pavement.

[0018] (Power Storage Unit) The energy storage unit 40 is a device having a rechargeable battery. The battery can be, for example, a lithium-ion battery. The energy storage unit 40 can store electricity generated by the thermoelectric conversion cell unit 20, the tertiary battery unit 30, and the photoelectric conversion unit 60 described later. The charging and discharging of the energy storage unit 40 is controlled by the control unit 50.

[0019] (Control Unit) The control unit 50 is a device that receives electricity generated by the thermoelectric conversion cell unit 20, the tertiary battery unit 30, and the photoelectric conversion unit 60 (described later), and controls the charging and discharging of the energy storage unit 40. The control unit 50 can also adjust the power and output it to the outside of the device unit 10. As shown in an example in Figure 5, the control unit 50 is connected to the thermoelectric conversion cell unit 20, the tertiary battery unit 30, the photoelectric conversion unit 60, and the energy storage unit 40, and has a power output terminal POUT. The control unit 50 can select whether or not to receive the generated electricity from the thermoelectric conversion cell unit 20, the tertiary battery unit 30, and the photoelectric conversion unit 60, and can also adjust the amount received. Furthermore, the control unit 50 controls the charging and discharging of the energy storage unit 40. Excess power is sent to the energy storage unit 40 for charging while being adjusted to prevent overcharging, and if the output power is insufficient, it can be discharged to the energy storage unit 40 to compensate.

[0020] (Laminated section) The laminated section 80 is a member that supports the road surface layer 3. The laminated section 80 is formed by stacking unit structures 81 having voids. Each unit structure 81 is stacked after being rotated by 90 degrees. Furthermore, the unit structures 81 are installed so that, for example, a protrusion on the upper surface interlocks with a recess on the lower surface, thereby suppressing slippage between layers. The laminated section 80 can be formed to match the thickness of the roadbed layer 2 by adjusting the number of layers of the unit structures 81. The material of the unit structures 81 can be, for example, plastic. The laminated section 80, with its unit structure 81 having voids, can store infiltrated rainwater in the subgrade layer 2. Furthermore, the laminated section 80 has sufficient strength to withstand traffic loads from people and vehicles passing over the pavement structure 1, and can secure space in the subgrade layer 2 for installing the device section 10.

[0021] (road layer) The road surface layer 3 is the layer that forms the road surface in the pavement structure 1. The road surface layer 3 is formed by arranging plate-shaped members called temperature difference generating plates 65, and has a photoelectric conversion unit 60 that generates electricity using light inside the temperature difference generating plates 65.

[0022] (Photoelectric conversion unit) The photoelectric conversion unit 60 is a device that has solar cells connected in series and parallel and can generate electricity using light. The solar cells can be made of, for example, monocrystalline or polycrystalline silicon. With monocrystalline or polycrystalline silicon, light with wavelengths shorter than approximately 1.1 μm, which is in the infrared region close to visible light, can be used for power generation.

[0023] (Temperature difference generating plate) The temperature difference generating plate 65 is a plate-shaped member that can generate a temperature difference in the depth direction. A photoelectric conversion unit 60 is arranged on the upper surface side of the temperature difference generating plate 65 so as to extend in the direction of the plate shape. The tip portions 72 of the heat conductive members 70 from the two types of electrodes of the thermoelectric conversion cell 21 can be positioned such that one is on the lower surface of the temperature difference generating plate 65 and the other is near the center in the thickness direction of the temperature difference generating plate 65, thereby increasing the temperature difference between the two types of electrodes of the thermoelectric conversion cell 21. The tip 72 of the heat conductive member 70 from the two types of electrodes of the thermoelectric conversion cell 21 of the tertiary battery cell 31 can be positioned, for example, on the lower surface of the temperature difference generating plate 65 to shorten the length of the heat conductive member 70 and effectively increase the temperature change of the electrodes of the tertiary battery cell 31. Alternatively, by positioning it on the upper surface of the temperature difference generating plate 65, the temperature change near the road surface can be utilized. The upper surface of the temperature difference generating plate 65, above the photoelectric conversion unit 60, is made of a material that transmits light in the wavelength range usable by the photoelectric conversion unit 60 for power generation. The material of the temperature difference generating plate 65 is preferably a plate-shaped reinforced plastic. The thickness of the temperature difference generating plate 65 can be, for example, about 5 cm. The upper surface of the temperature difference generating plate 65, which forms the upper surface of the road surface layer 3, is treated to suppress slippage by pedestrians, vehicles, etc. For example, the slip-suppressing treatment may be achieved by scattering aggregate on the upper surface to create irregularities and covering the upper surface with a binder that holds the aggregate, or by coating the upper surface with a resin with a high coefficient of friction.

[0024] The pavement structure 1 according to the present invention has an apparatus unit 10 which includes at least one of a tertiary battery unit 30 that generates electricity from temperature changes of electrodes and a thermoelectric conversion cell unit 20 that generates electricity from temperature differences between electrodes. The tertiary battery unit 30 can generate electricity by utilizing the temperature changes that occur in the pavement structure 1 during the day when the temperature rises and at night when the temperature falls, and the thermoelectric conversion cell unit 20 can generate electricity by utilizing, for example, the temperature difference that occurs in the depth direction of the pavement structure 1. As a result, the pavement structure 1 can continuously extract electricity from the environment, such as equipment infrastructure. Furthermore, even when, for example, the amount of sunlight or sunshine hours for solar power generation cannot be secured, electricity can be generated by effectively utilizing temperature changes or temperature differences in the environment, such as equipment infrastructure. The pavement structure 1 is formed by stacking unit structures 81 in a laminated section 80, thereby providing sufficient strength against traffic loads while improving the efficiency of paving work and enhancing constructability. The pavement structure 1 has voids in the laminated section 80, which allows rainwater to be stored in the subgrade layer 2, reducing puddles on the road surface. In addition, the box-shaped device section 10 can house electrical equipment related to power generation, etc., and protects the electrical equipment from rainwater, impacts, etc.

[0025] In the pavement structure 1, the base end 71 of the heat conduction member 70, which serves as a heat conduction path, is connected to the electrode provided in the tertiary battery section 30, and the tip 72 is placed in the road surface layer 3. This allows the temperature change received by the electrode in the tertiary battery section 30 to be increased, thereby increasing the amount of power generated. In the pavement structure 1, the base end portion 71 of the heat conduction member 70, which serves as a heat conduction path, is connected to two types of electrodes of the thermoelectric conversion cell section 20, and the tip portions 72 corresponding to each base end portion 71 are positioned at different depths in the road surface layer 3. This allows for a large temperature difference to be received by the electrodes of the thermoelectric conversion cell section 20, thereby increasing the amount of power generated.

[0026] The pavement structure 1 has a photoelectric conversion unit 60 in the road surface layer 3 that generates electricity from light, which allows for the effective use of a large area such as a road. The pavement structure 1, having a road surface layer 3 made of plate-shaped reinforced plastic, can be manufactured, for example, in a factory, and the photoelectric conversion unit 60 can be pre-installed within the road surface layer 3. Furthermore, the road surface layer 3 can be formed by arranging plate-shaped reinforced plastics, ensuring the strength of the road surface layer 3 while improving the efficiency of work at the construction site. The pavement structure 1, having a power storage unit 40 in the device unit 10, can charge the power storage unit 40 during periods when the power generation of the thermoelectric conversion cell unit 20, the tertiary battery unit 30, and the photoelectric conversion unit 60 is high, and discharge the power storage unit 40 during periods when the power generation is low, thereby supplying electricity and providing a stable supply of natural energy 24 hours a day.

[0027] The pavement structure 1 can ensure a stable power supply by suppressing overcharging through the control unit 50 of the device unit 10, which controls the charging and discharging of the power storage unit 40. Furthermore, by adjusting and supplying power, the control unit 50 can supply power to road-related facilities such as lighting, signals, and surveillance cameras, as well as to electronic equipment, heavy electrical machinery, temperature sensors, and other devices, enabling the versatile use of electricity harvested from the environment. The pavement structure 1 has its upper surface of the road surface layer 3 covered with aggregate and a binder that holds the aggregate, which suppresses slippage for pedestrians and vehicles, and ensures the safety and smooth use of the road even in areas where pedestrians pass.

[0028] (modified version) Next, a modified example 21S of the thermoelectric conversion cell will be described. As shown in Figure 3B as an example, modified example 21S differs from thermoelectric conversion cell 21 in that a projection 28A is formed on the outer surface of electrode 22A, and the tip of the projection 28A protrudes from the housing 26. The other configurations are the same as those of thermoelectric conversion cell 21. In addition, a projection 28B is formed on the outer surface of electrode 22B, similar to projection 28A, and the tip of the projection 28B protrudes from the housing 26. The material of the protrusions 28A and 28B may be metal, or it may be a resin in which a substance with high thermal conductivity, processed into powder or fibrous form, is dispersed. In the modified example 21S, the protrusions 28A and 28B on electrodes 22A and 22B improve thermal contact with the surroundings, thereby increasing the temperature difference between electrodes 22A and 22B and increasing the amount of power generated.

[0029] The device unit 10 may have only one of the thermoelectric conversion cell unit 20 and the tertiary battery unit 30, or it may have both. Multiple device units 10 may be provided, and the combination of electrical devices may differ for each of the multiple device units 10. The thermoelectric conversion cell unit 20, tertiary battery unit 30 and energy storage unit 40 of the multiple device units 10 can be controlled by a single control unit 50, or by linking multiple control units 50. The control unit 50 may, for example, be equipped with a power input terminal that allows the energy storage unit 40 to be charged from an external source. The control unit 50 may be equipped with a signal input terminal that can receive, for example, control signals and temperature information from an external source. For example, it may be equipped with a signal output terminal that can monitor the amount of power generated by the thermoelectric conversion cell unit 20, the tertiary battery unit 30, and the photoelectric conversion unit 60. For example, the amount of power generated may be simulated from temperature information input from a temperature sensor provided by the pavement structure 1, and if the simulation result differs significantly from the amount of power generated, an alarm signal may be issued from the signal output terminal.

[0030] The thermoelectric conversion cells 21 and 21S may be installed with electrodes 22A and 22B spaced apart in the depth direction of the pavement structure 1. This allows the temperature difference in the depth direction of the pavement structure 1 to be efficiently transmitted to the electrodes of the thermoelectric conversion cells 21 and 21S. Furthermore, it is preferable to place materials with high thermal conductivity above and below the thermoelectric conversion cells 21 and 21S. This allows the temperature difference to be concentrated at the location of the thermoelectric conversion cells 21 and 21S. The thermoelectric conversion cell section 20 may be installed in a region of the road surface layer 3 where the temperature difference generating plate 65 is not placed. Since the thermoelectric conversion cells 21 and 21S are devices with low thermal conductivity, they can take advantage of the temperature difference that occurs at the location of the road surface layer 3. In addition, the strength of the housing 26 can be increased as needed, and sufficient durability against traffic loads, etc., can be achieved even when installed in the road surface layer 3. The shape of the device section 10 may be various columnar or spherical shapes, as long as it has a space inside in which electrical devices can be installed. The device section 10 can be made strong enough to withstand traffic loads such as people and vehicles passing over the pavement structure 1. The strength of the box-shaped device section 10 may be improved so that it supports the road surface layer 3 together with the laminated section 80. This increases the flexibility of the location where the device section 10 is installed in the pavement structure 1, making it easier to secure space for the device section 10 even when there is limited space in the roadbed layer 2, for example, when buried pipes are installed in the roadbed layer 2. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0031] 1. Pavement structures 2 Subgrade layer 3 Road layer 4. Base layer 10 Equipment section 20 Thermoelectric conversion cell section 21 Thermoelectric conversion cell 22 electrodes 231 Membrane 232 Membrane 25 Electrolyte solution 26 cabinets 30 Tertiary battery section 31 tertiary battery cells 32 electrodes 35 Electrolyte solution 40 Energy storage unit 50 Control Unit 60 Photoelectric conversion unit 65 Temperature difference generating plate 70 Heat conductive material 71 Base end (heat conductive member) 72 Tip section (heat conductive material) 80 Laminated section 100 ground 200 ground

Claims

1. A pavement structure in which a subgrade layer and a road surface layer supported by the subgrade layer are installed, The aforementioned subgrade layer is A laminated section formed by stacking unit structures having voids, It comprises a box-shaped device that supports the road surface layer together with the laminated portion, The apparatus unit comprises at least one of a tertiary battery unit that generates electricity due to temperature changes of electrodes and a thermoelectric conversion cell unit that generates electricity due to temperature differences between electrodes. Each of the tertiary battery section and the thermoelectric conversion cell section is a paved structure in which electrodes are arranged spaced apart from each other within a housing filled with an electrolyte solution.

2. The device unit has the tertiary battery unit, It has one tip and one base, and comprises multiple heat conductive members that form a heat conduction path between the tip and the base. The base end of the heat conductive member is connected to the electrode provided in the tertiary battery section. The pavement structure according to claim 1, wherein the tip portion corresponding to the base portion connected to the electrode of the tertiary battery portion is disposed in the road surface layer.

3. The apparatus unit has the thermoelectric conversion cell unit, It has one tip and one base, and comprises multiple heat conductive members that form a heat conduction path between the tip and the base. The base end of the heat conductive member is connected to the electrode provided in the thermoelectric conversion cell section. The pavement structure according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the tip portions corresponding to each base end connected to different electrodes of one thermoelectric conversion cell are arranged at different depths in the road surface layer.

4. The road surface layer is a pavement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the road surface layer has a photoelectric conversion unit that generates electricity using light.

5. The pavement structure according to claim 4, wherein the road surface layer is a plate-shaped reinforced plastic.

6. The pavement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the device unit has a power storage unit for storing the generated electricity.

7. The pavement structure according to claim 6, wherein the device unit has a control unit that controls the charging and discharging of the power storage unit and adjusts and supplies power.

8. The pavement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the upper surface of the road surface layer is covered with aggregate and a binder that holds the aggregate.

9. The apparatus unit has the thermoelectric conversion cell unit, The pavement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the thermoelectric conversion cell portion has a projection formed on the outer surface of the electrode, and the tip of the projection protrudes from the housing.

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