Disaster relief temporary housing

Abstract

To provide a temporary dwelling house which can be immediately utilized as a living place only by being transferred to and installed in a required place in an emergency, which can keep weight balance in transfer and installation, and which brings pipes for water and sewerage close to each other.SOLUTION: The temporary housing capable of being relocated by a truck is provided with a living room 4 having a bed base 6 and an air conditioner 8 on one side end side in a box-shaped dwelling part 2 and a kitchen 7 on the almost center part, a private room 5 having a washroom and a bath and a shower and a toilet on the other side end side, the kitchen 7 and the washroom and the bath and the shower and the toilet are arranged at a position where a shortest distance can connect a water supply route and a drain route, a rainwater tank collecting rainwater from the outside and supplying the rainwater as clean water and a solar panel supplying electric power to the roof part are provided, and on one of two longitudinal side faces of the box-shaped dwelling part 2, an entrance and a panel capable of being opened upward after installing the temporary housing on a place to be installed are provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

[[Technical Field]]

[0001] The present invention relates to temporary housing, and particularly to temporary housing that can be quickly installed at a desired location and allows for immediate habitation after a large disaster such as an earthquake. [[Background Art]]

[0002] Conventionally, particularly since the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake of 1995, the importance of installing temporary housing at an early stage to support the evacuation life of residents in regions heavily damaged by earthquakes and typhoons has been recognized and required. In Japan, the Disaster Relief Act stipulates that construction of temporary housing must be started within 20 days from the date of disaster occurrence, but in some cases it takes an extremely long period before disaster victims can move in. Furthermore, there are cases where the Disaster Relief Act is not applied at all.

[0003] In view of such circumstances, Patent Document 1 proposes an early-installation temporary housing that is excellent in assembly workability and emergency responsiveness, and can secure sufficient living space while being compact. This temporary housing consists of a lower structure, an upper wall, a protruding structure, a ceiling part, and an extension part; it can be stored compactly during normal times, stacked, fixed and transported in an emergency, and can be assembled simply and firmly at the installation site. However, the invention described in Patent Document 1 requires on-site assembly, and the facilities inside the house also need to be prepared on site, so it takes a number of days to deliver it to disaster-stricken areas such as mountainous areas or depopulated areas where manpower and supplies are difficult to distribute. [[Prior Art Documents]] [[Patent Documents]]

[0004] [[Patent Document 1]] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2013-36325 [[Summary of the Invention]] [[Problem to be Solved by the Invention]]

[0005] In view of the above circumstances, the present invention aims to provide temporary housing that can be transported to a necessary location in the event of an emergency, immediately used as a living space, and that is weight-balanced during transport and installation, and that is close to water and sewage pipes.

[0006] As a result of diligent research, the inventors have found that even before the administrative system is in place for the construction of large-scale temporary housing, if pre-prepared housing units that have good weight balance during transport and temporary installation, and that can be immediately lived in are transported on trucks or trolleys towed by trucks, they can be easily installed in the desired location and can support the lives of at least one disaster-stricken household as a single temporary housing unit. Furthermore, they have found that even box-shaped temporary housing units can be given the image of a dwelling where people can live by adding a terrace, which can bring peace of mind to disaster victims. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The invention according to claim 1 is a temporary housing unit that can be moved by being placed on the bed of a truck or on a trolley towed by a truck, It has a box-shaped living area constructed with a steel frame core. The aforementioned box-shaped living area includes a living room with a bed and air conditioner at one end and a kitchen in the approximate center, and a private room with a washroom, shower and toilet at the other end. The kitchen, the washroom, the bathroom shower, and the toilet are positioned on the exterior wall of the temporary housing in a location where the water supply route and the sewage route can be connected by the shortest possible distance. The box-shaped living area is equipped with a rainwater tank and a water purification system on its exterior. The rainwater tank collects rainwater from gutters installed on the roof edge and exterior walls of the box-shaped living area, and the water purification system purifies the water supplied from the rainwater tank and supplies it as purified water into the living area. The box-shaped living area is equipped with solar panels on its roof, and these solar panels supply power to the box-shaped living area. The aforementioned box-shaped living area has an entrance on one of its two long sides on the outside, The long side exterior of the building, which includes the entrance, is equipped with a panel that can be opened upwards to form a canopy after the temporary housing has been installed in its designated location. 、 The panel is sized to cover the glass on the longitudinal side having the entrance, Regarding temporary housing.

[0008] The invention according to claim 2 relates to the temporary housing described in claim 1, which has a container shape and is decorated with wood for both the interior and exterior.

[0009] The invention according to claim 3 relates to the temporary housing according to claim 1, wherein the panel is attached to the upper end of the surface of the box-shaped living area having the entrance using one or more of the group consisting of hinges, stays, and hinges.

[0010] The invention according to claim 4 relates to the temporary housing described in claim 1, wherein the eaves and the ground are supported by poles.

[0011] The invention according to claim 5 relates to the temporary housing according to claim 1, wherein a deck is provided as the floor of the canopy portion in front of the entrance. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] According to the invention of claim 1, a temporary housing unit with a canopy on the entrance side of a box-shaped living area equipped with living facilities can be installed in any location accessible by truck, and residents can begin living in the temporary housing immediately after installation. The box-shaped living area is framed with a steel core, providing sufficient strength for long-term use, and the internal equipment is pre-installed with weight balance in mind, allowing the box to be lifted and unloaded from a truck bed or a trolley pulled by a truck. Furthermore, by equipping it with a rainwater tank, water purification equipment, and solar panels, purified water and electricity can be obtained independently, even in areas where lifelines have been cut off by a disaster, without relying on the restoration of the water supply and power grid. Moreover, the panels protect the glass on the side of the entrance of the box-shaped living area, and the canopy on the entrance side of the temporary housing unit gives the impression of a home, even though it is temporary housing, providing emotional support to residents, and further extending the living space to the outside of the box-shaped living area.

[0017] The invention according to claim 2 provides temporary housing that has sufficient strength, durability, and habitability for long-term use.

[0018] According to the invention of claim 3, the panel can be easily opened by hand to serve as an awning, which is an advantageous feature.

[0019] According to the invention of claim 4, by supporting the panel with a pole after opening it, it is possible to easily set up and fix an awning in front of the entrance by hand.

[0020] According to the invention of claim 5, by installing a deck over the eaves of the entrance, it can be used as a terrace with a roof and floor, which has the effect of bringing spaciousness to the living area. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0025] [Figure 1]It is a diagram showing the temporary housing according to one embodiment of the present invention being lifted from a cargo bed. [Figure 2] It is a front view of the temporary housing according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] It is a side view of the temporary housing according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] It is a rear view of the temporary housing according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] It is a cross-sectional view of the temporary housing according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] It is an exploded perspective view of the temporary housing according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] It is a vertical cross-sectional view and a horizontal cross-sectional view of the temporary housing according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] It is a diagram showing a frame structure of the temporary housing according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] It is a perspective view of the temporary housing according to one embodiment of the present invention. MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0026] Hereinafter, embodiments of the temporary housing according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0027] [Embodiment 1] Figure 1 is a diagram showing the temporary housing (1) according to the present invention being lifted and unloaded from the cargo bed of a truck or a trailer towed by the truck. Figure 1 shows the temporary housing (1) with panels closed during transportation, viewed from the front. The size of the box-shaped living part of the temporary housing (1) according to the present invention is not limited, but it needs to be within a range that can be transported by vehicle. In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the box-shaped living part is 2200 mm × 6000 mm, and the height is 2600 mm, so that it can be carried on a 4-ton truck. A 4-ton truck can deliver the temporary housing even to places where no main road passes, such as mountainous areas. The method of lowering the temporary housing (1) from the truck bed or a trolley towed by the truck is not limited to lifting, and the diagram should be understood as merely an example.

[0028] Figure 2 is a front view showing the temporary housing unit (1) according to the present invention, which has been lowered from the truck bed to the installation site in Figure 1, with the panel on the entrance side of the box-shaped living area (2) opened. An entrance (15) is provided inside the open panel. The entrance (15) can be either a sliding door or an outward-opening door. Having the entrance (15) inside the open canopy provides a sense of security to residents.

[0029] Figure 3 is a side view of the temporary housing (1) according to the present invention in the state shown in Figure 2. The box-shaped living area (2) has a panel (13) on the side facing the entrance that opens upwards to form an awning. The open panel (13) may be supported at its outer end by a pole (16). Preferably, a deck (14) is installed over the awning and used as a terrace (3) in front of the entrance.

[0030] One side of the box-shaped living area (2) is equipped with a rainwater tank (9), into which rainwater from the downspout (10) is collected. The rainwater collected in the rainwater tank (9) passes through a water purification system (11) and is supplied as purified water to the kitchen and private rooms within the living area. If there is a river or lake close to the temporary housing, a pump can be installed in the tank (9) to draw in water from the river or lake, and then guided to the water purification facility (11) for use as purified water. The water purification equipment (11) should preferably be equipped with a filter, RO filtration, and ultraviolet sterilization device.

[0031] As shown in Figure 4, the roof is equipped with solar panels (12), and the rear exterior wall has piping for purified water, sewage, and electricity, allowing for the use of purified water and electricity even if lifelines are not restored. The solar panels (12) installed on the roof may be, for example, 12 square meters, but are not limited to this size. If you prepare and install a gas tank and gas piping in advance, you can also use propane gas. Of course, you can also have a portable gas stove for home use.

[0032] The water purification system (11) includes a water purification device and a water purification tank, and it is preferable that it purifies rainwater from the rainwater tank (9) during times of low electricity demand, such as at night, and stores it in the water purification tank. The water purification tank is connected to the kitchen and the private rooms by the water supply. It is advisable to install a water storage tank on the kitchen side so that even if a large amount of purified water is used in the shower of the private room's bathroom, there will be no shortage of purified water in the kitchen. If a water purification tank of, for example, 2 cubic meters is used, it will be possible to live without worrying about the water supply.

[0033] The solar panel (12) is preferably connected to a power supply unit equipped with a converter and a battery, which allows electricity to be supplied to the temporary housing regardless of sunlight.

[0034] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, ventilation equipment (17) may be provided in the living rooms and private rooms.

[0035] As shown in Figure 4, the kitchen and private rooms of the living spaces are equipped with piping that connects the water supply route (20) and the sewer route (21) via the shortest possible route on the exterior wall.

[0036] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of section B in Figure 3. The box-shaped living area (2) is constructed with a steel frame and walls, floors, and ceilings made of wood. In this embodiment, 100mm x 100mm column pipes are used as the core material, and cypress wood is used for the interior and exterior walls, but this is not limited to this. It is preferable to install insulation between the interior and exterior walls. A roof may be provided on top of the box-shaped living area (2). The roof can be of any shape, such as a gable, shed, or hip roof, but it must be kept at a height that allows it to be loaded onto a truck for transport.

[0037] The panel (13) is not limited to these materials, but may be made from wood, fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP), etc. The size of the panel (13) can be freely selected as long as it does not exceed the size of the side of the box-shaped living area (2) on the entrance side. Preferably, a size is selected that covers at least the glass portion of the side on the entrance side. The panel (13) is attached to the exterior surface of the box-shaped living area (2) having an entrance (11) using hinges, stays, etc. The panel (13) is preferably supported by poles (16) that open upwards to form an overhang at the entrance. The poles (16) can be freely selected from square bars, round bars, pipes, etc., made of wood, aluminum, steel, etc. They just need to have the strength to support the weight of the panel (13). Preferably, the outer ends of the panel (13) are supported by poles (16) at intervals of about 2m from the center outwards to both ends. By installing a separately manufactured deck (14) over the eaves, it can be transformed into a terrace (3) in front of the entrance, enhancing the quality of the living space. Since the deck (14), along with the panels, is an important part of the exterior of the temporary housing, it is preferable to make it out of wood such as cypress.

[0038] Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of one embodiment of a temporary housing according to the present invention. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the temporary housing (1) consists of a box-shaped living area (2) and a terrace (3) with a deck (14) as the floor, with a panel (13) serving as an overhang. The box-shaped living area (2) includes a living room (4) and a private room (5). The living room (4) is pre-equipped with living facilities such as a bed frame (6), kitchen (7), and air conditioner (8), while the private room (5) is equipped with a washroom, bathroom shower, and toilet. The kitchen (7) is equipped with a refrigerator, sink, and stovetop. The stovetop uses electricity, but gas can also be used if gas equipment has been prepared in advance. It is also desirable to have televisions and other important sources of information in the living spaces.

[0039] The kitchen (7) and private rooms (5) of the box-shaped living area (2) are supplied with purified water from a water purification system. Electricity inside and outside the house, including for the kitchen (7), air conditioner (8), television, water heater, and lighting, is supplied by solar panels (12).

[0040] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a temporary housing according to one embodiment of the present invention. The living room (4) is pre-equipped with a bed frame (6), kitchen (7), and air conditioner (8), and the private room (5) is pre-installed with a washroom, bathroom shower, and toilet, so that residents can start living there immediately. It is also preferable to have a dining table, chairs, and a hanging rod for clothes, etc., installed in the living room (4) beforehand.

[0041] [Embodiment 2] Figure 8 shows the framework of a temporary housing unit, which is constructed in two parts: a lower section and an upper section. In this embodiment, all equipment inside the box-shaped living area may be pre-fixed to the frame and transported. Water, sewage, and electrical piping are installed under the flooring. The panel serves as an awning on the entrance side during installation.

[0042] When transporting by truck, the upper part (18) of the frame can be assembled into the lower part (19) and loaded onto the truck bed, allowing one temporary housing unit to be loaded at half its height. This makes it possible to load the frame of another temporary housing unit on top of the frame of one unit that has been loaded, enabling the simultaneous transport of multiple temporary housing units. For example, by combining one lower frame with another lower frame and loading them onto a truck bed, and then placing another upper frame on top of that, it is possible to transport four temporary housing units at once, and there is no limit to the number of units that can be loaded.

[0043] The lower (19) and upper (18) parts of the framework are fixed together using methods such as steel frame fitting and bolting to maintain the structural integrity of the house.

[0044] As shown in Figure 9, in this embodiment, after transport, the lower part of the frame of the temporary housing is installed at the installation site, the upper part is fixed on top of it, the panels (13) are opened, and then a tent sheet having waterproof, fireproof, heat insulating, and light-blocking functions is placed over it to complete the exterior.

[0045] Tent sheets that offer waterproofing, fire resistance, heat insulation, and light blocking properties are selected from materials such as polyester fabric coated with fluororesin or polyvinyl chloride, ensuring superior functionality. It is preferable to select materials appropriately based on the environment of the installation location, considering factors such as thermal insulation performance, light-blocking performance, heat-reflective performance, and soundproofing performance.

[0046] By placing solar panels on the canopy on the entrance side made of panel (13), at least 12 square meters of solar panels can be used in this embodiment as well.

[0047] According to the present invention, temporary housing that allows for a safe, clean, and comfortable life can be quickly provided to disaster victims even during a disaster. The implementation is not limited to the embodiments described herein, and it goes without saying that it can be applied to various forms, provided that it is vehicle-mountable, has good weight balance during transport and installation, can be easily installed and used by a small number of people, and has equipment that guarantees safety and cleanliness in daily life. [Industrial applicability]

[0048] According to this invention, in times of emergency, even in disaster-stricken areas such as mountainous regions and sparsely populated areas where it is difficult to distribute manpower and supplies, temporary housing can be provided that can be immediately used as a place to live simply by transporting and installing it in the necessary location. More specifically, even before the administrative system is ready for the construction of large-scale temporary housing, housing that is well-balanced in weight during transport and installation, and has been prepared in advance so that people can start living in it immediately, can be transported on a truck or a trolley towed by a truck, and easily installed in the desired location, supporting the lives of at least one disaster-stricken household as a single temporary housing unit. Furthermore, even if it is a box-shaped temporary housing unit, by adding a terrace, it can give the impression of being a house where people can live, and help disaster victims return to their normal daily lives. [Explanation of symbols]

[0049] 1. Temporary housing 2 Box-shaped living area 3 Terrace 4 Room 5 private rooms 6 beds 7 Kitchen 8. Air conditioner 9. Rainwater tank 10. Rain gutter 11. Water purification equipment 12 solar panels 13 panels 14 decks 15 Entrance 16 Paul 17 Ventilation vent 18 Top of the frame 19. Bottom of the framework 20. Water supply routes 21 Sewer routes

Claims

1. Temporary housing that can be moved by being loaded onto the bed of a truck or onto a trolley towed by a truck, It has a box-shaped living area constructed with a steel frame core. The aforementioned box-shaped living area includes a living room with a bed and air conditioner at one end and a kitchen in the approximate center, and a private room with a washroom, shower and toilet at the other end. The kitchen, the washroom, the bathroom shower, and the toilet are positioned on the exterior wall of the temporary housing in a location where the water supply route and the sewage route can be connected by the shortest possible distance. The box-shaped living area is equipped with a rainwater tank and a water purification system on its exterior. The rainwater tank collects rainwater from gutters installed on the roof edge and exterior walls of the box-shaped living area, and the water purification system purifies the water supplied from the rainwater tank and supplies it as purified water into the living area. The box-shaped living area is equipped with solar panels on its roof, and these solar panels supply power to the box-shaped living area. The aforementioned box-shaped living area has an entrance on one of its two long sides. On the long side exterior of the building that has the entrance, there is a panel that can be opened upwards to form an awning after the temporary housing is installed in its designated location. The panel is sized to cover the glass on the longitudinal side having the entrance, A temporary housing unit whose weight balance is configured to allow it to be lifted while remaining in its box shape when being loaded onto or unloaded onto the aforementioned loading platform or trolley, and when being installed.

2. The temporary housing according to claim 1, having a container shape, wherein the frame is decorated with wood for the interior and exterior.

3. The temporary housing according to claim 1, wherein the panel is attached to the upper end of the surface of the box-shaped living area having the entrance using one or more of the group consisting of hinges, stays, and hinges.

4. The temporary housing according to claim 1, wherein the eaves and the ground are supported by poles.

5. The temporary housing according to claim 1, further comprising a deck as the floor of the canopy portion in front of the entrance.

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