Dental surveyors and surveying methods

Abstract

To provide a dental surveyor that enables a user to quickly perform surveying calibration and a surveying method of the dental surveyor.SOLUTION: A shaft center seat 12, a first surveying arm 13, and a second surveying arm 14 are pivotable with respect to one another. The second surveying arm includes a surveyor rod 15. The surveyor rod includes a surveying needle 151 for surveying a denture mold 30. A surveyor table includes a clamp table 21 and an adjustment platform 22. The surveyor table is placed on a platform. The clamp table is used to clamp the denture mold. Angle and direction of the clamp table are changed by the adjustment platform. Three adjustment screws O, P, Q are fixed onto the adjustment platform. By advancement and retreat of the adjustment screws, a height of a corresponding portion of the clamp table is changed, an effect of three-point positioning adjustment on the denture mold is exhibited and the angle of the denture mold is accurately adjusted.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a dental surveyor and a surveying method, and in particular to a dental surveyor that allows a user to quickly perform surveying calibration, and a surveying method for determining, recording and reproducing the path of insertion and removal of a dental cast on a dental surveyor.

Background Art

[0002] Humans only have one set of permanent teeth in a lifetime. Once damaged, they cannot be recovered for the rest of life. As the average life expectancy of the general public increases, it is necessary to pay more attention to dental health issues. There are many dental abnormalities and diseases, the most common of which are dental caries, periodontal disease, or tooth loss before aging due to external force. The cavity formed by tooth extraction affects the surrounding healthy teeth. Since teeth in the same row lose support, the surrounding teeth will also gradually loosen and fall out, forming a vicious cycle for all teeth. Therefore, it is necessary to install a denture in a timely manner. Conventional denture methods include more expensive implants, fixed bridges, crowns, and removable partial dentures. Since the shape of teeth, the shape of the oral cavity, and the condition of gums vary from person to person, it is necessary to obtain a patient's dental cast in order to facilitate the subsequent manufacturing of dentures, bridges, crowns, and removable partial dentures.

[0003] The fabrication of dentures requires the cooperation of both a dentist and a dental technician. Bridges, crowns, and removable partial dentures all require a specific path of insertion and removal; incorrect angles or directions will prevent smooth insertion. Therefore, when dentists and dental technicians collaborate, it is necessary to verify that the angles and directions of the tooth models match. Consequently, a surveyor capable of checking height, confirming the alignment of positioning points on the tooth model, and possessing adjustment capabilities is essential. This allows dental technicians to obtain the same tooth model direction as instructed by the dentist, avoiding problems with insertion angles during subsequent processing of dentures, bridges, crowns, and removable partial dentures.

[0004] To improve the design efficiency for physicians and the processing efficiency for dental technicians, it is also necessary to increase the positioning speed of the surveying. This allows physicians and dental technicians to align the angles and directions of the tooth models by surveying positioning points on the tooth model with a surveyor, assuming acceptable accuracy and error values, thereby reducing preparatory work and wasted time, and improving efficiency.

[0005] As shown in Figure 26, the surveyor table (91) of a conventional dental surveyor (90) has a structure with only one ball joint (92). When determining, recording, and reproducing the insertion and removal routes of dental impressions using a conventional dental surveyor (90), in many cases, after one direction has been determined, when another direction is determined, the movement of the ball joint (92) can change the initially determined direction. When tripoding on a conventional dental surveyor (90) to position three points at the same height, in many cases, after adjusting two points to the same height, when adjusting the height of the other point, the relationship between the two points that were originally at the same height changes due to the movement of the ball joint (92). Therefore, determining, recording, and reproducing the insertion and removal routes of dental impressions on a conventional dental surveyor (90) is considerably difficult, and the accuracy of denture fabrication deteriorates, affecting the effectiveness for the patient.

[0006] Therefore, in light of these circumstances, the inventor came up with a new idea, designed it based on many years of experience, and after much discussion, prototype creation of samples, and numerous modifications and improvements, conceived the present invention. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] The technical problem that this invention aims to solve is to provide a dental surveyor and a surveying method therefor that allow the user to quickly perform surveying and calibration, in response to the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The present invention provides the following dental surveyor: a dental surveyor comprising a surveyor and a surveyor table, wherein the surveyor comprises a platform, an axis seat, a first surveying arm, a second surveying arm, and a surveyor rod, the axis seat being fixed on the platform, the first surveying arm pivoting to the axis seat, and the second surveying arm pivoting to the first surveying arm, thereby pivoting the axis seat, the first surveying arm, and the second surveying arm to each other, the second surveying arm being provided with the surveyor rod, the surveyor rod being provided with a surveying needle for surveying tooth profiles, and the surveyor table comprising a clamp table and an adjustment platform, the surveyor table being placed on the platform, and the clamp table being used to clamp tooth profiles and clamp A clamp adjustment section is provided to adjust the degree of clamping, a spherical rotating section is provided at the bottom of the clamp table, a fine adjustment component is provided in the center of the adjustment platform, a fine adjustment knob is fixed to the fine adjustment component, the rotating section is clamped on the fine adjustment component, and rotating the fine adjustment knob loosens the fine adjustment component, thereby adjusting the rotating section and changing the angle and direction of the clamp table, a top housing is provided at the top of the adjustment platform to restrict the position of the rotating section, a first adjustment screw, a second adjustment screw, and a third adjustment screw are fixed on the adjustment platform, and by moving the first adjustment screw, the second adjustment screw, or the third adjustment screw forward and backward, the height of the tooth pattern on the clamp table corresponding to the first adjustment screw, the second adjustment screw, or the third adjustment screw changes, thereby achieving the effect of three-point positioning adjustment.

[0009] Furthermore, the shaft seat is fixed on the platform, a pivot shaft is provided at the top of the shaft seat, the first surveying arm has a shaft hole and a first pivot hole through it, a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole are drilled on the sides of the shaft hole and the first pivot hole, the pivot shaft of the shaft seat is provided inside the shaft hole, the second surveying arm has a second pivot hole and a surveyor rod hole through it, a third mounting hole and three fourth mounting holes are drilled on the sides of the second pivot hole and the surveyor rod hole, the surveyor A surveyor rod bush is provided in the ear rod hole, and multiple ball spring screws are fixed to multiple fourth mounting holes so that the surveyor rod bush is incorporated into the fourth mounting hole, a surveyor rod is provided inside the surveyor rod bush, a surveying needle for surveying tooth patterns is provided on the surveyor rod, a top stopper is fixed to the top of the surveyor rod, and the range of movement of the surveyor rod is limited by the top stopper contacting the surveyor rod bush, and the upper and lower fourth mounting A ball spring screw is fixed in the hole, and the ball spring screw applies even pressure to the surveyor rod, thereby eliminating tolerances within the surveyor rod bush and improving accuracy. A surveyor rod fixing screw is fixed in the middle fourth mounting hole so as to abut the surveyor rod, and the position of the surveyor rod can be adjusted and fixed by tightening or loosening the surveyor rod fixing screw. Slide bushes are provided in the first pivot hole and the second pivot hole, respectively, and two front A pivot shaft is passed through the slide bush, and a positioning screw is fixed in the second mounting hole so as to abut the pivot shaft in order to fix the pivot shaft, thereby allowing the axial seat, the first surveying arm, and the second surveying arm to pivot relative to each other, the first surveying arm is fixed to the first mounting hole and the pivot shaft by the positioning screw arm, thereby adjusting and fixing the angle between the axial seat and the first surveying arm, and the second surveying arm is fixed to the third mounting hole by the positioning screw arm,Furthermore, by contacting the pivot shaft, the angle between the first surveying arm and the second surveying arm is adjusted and fixed. Screw covers are provided on the pivot shaft and the top of the pivot shaft to limit their top positions. Multiple washers are provided on the first and second surveying arms. Multiple bearing sections enhance the smoothness during pivoting, thereby achieving a chain relationship in which the axial seat, the first surveying arm, and the second surveying arm pivot to each other, while maintaining accurate parallelism and perpendicularity.

[0010] The present invention provides a surveying method for accurately determining the insertion and removal paths of a tooth model on a surveyor by performing the following steps. Specifically, the angle and direction of the tooth model are adjusted with the fine adjustment knob to roughly determine the anterior-posterior and lateral inclination of the tooth model, and the anterior-posterior and lateral directions of the tooth model are brought closer to the positions of the first adjustment screw, the second adjustment screw, and the third adjustment screw, respectively. By adjusting the first adjustment screw, the second adjustment screw, or the third adjustment screw, the anterior-posterior and lateral directions of the tooth model can be adjusted, and it can be confirmed that the insertion and removal paths of the tooth model can be accurately determined.

[0011] The present invention provides a surveying method for recording and reproducing the insertion and removal routes of tooth models on a surveyor by performing the following steps. In other words, in the step of recording the insertion and removal route of the tooth model, the dentist surveys the tooth model on a dental surveyor, determines the direction and inclination of the tooth model, i.e., the insertion and removal route, and selects three separated contour points on the surface of the tooth model using the three-point equicone positioning method, thereby creating a first positioning point, a second positioning point, and a third positioning point. The dentist then hands the tooth model to the dental technician, who subsequently reproduces the insertion and removal route of the tooth model and fabricates the denture; in the step of reproducing the insertion and removal route of the tooth model, the dental technician must reproduce the insertion and removal route of the tooth model determined by the dentist on a dental surveyor before fabricating the denture. The dental technician reproduces the insertion and removal route of the tooth model by adjusting the position and angle of the tooth model on the dental surveyor, thereby adjusting the first positioning point, the second positioning point, and the third positioning point to the same height.

[0012] The present invention provides a method for repositioning the insertion and removal paths of a tooth model on a surveyor by performing the following steps: that is, to make the contour points selected on the surface of the tooth model, the first positioning point, the second positioning point, and the third positioning point, all at the same height. Step 1: Preliminary calibration. The first positioning point, the second positioning point, and the third positioning point form a triangle, and by rotating the fine adjustment knob, the angle and direction of the tooth model are adjusted so that the three points approach the first adjustment screw, the second adjustment screw, and the third adjustment screw, respectively, while making the heights of the first positioning point, the second positioning point, and the third positioning point as close to the same height as possible, thus completing the preliminary calibration. Step 2: Precision calibration. First, using the second adjustment screw as a reference, the height of the second positioning point is measured using the tip of the surveying needle, and the height of the first positioning point is adjusted by adjusting the first adjustment screw, so that the first and second positioning points are at the same height, the height is checked with the surveying needle, and the height of the third positioning point is adjusted by adjusting the third adjustment screw again, so that the first and third positioning points are at the same height, and then the height of the first positioning point is adjusted by adjusting the first adjustment screw, so that the first and second positioning points are at the same height, and after making adjustments many times, the first positioning point, the second positioning point and the third positioning point are at the same height so that the tooth profile is at the correct angle and direction.

[0013] The main objective of the dental surveyor of the present invention is to enable rapid completion of preliminary calibration by adjusting the angle and orientation of the tooth model using the adjustment platform, thereby bringing the first, second, and third positioning points closer to the first, second, and third adjustment screws, respectively. Furthermore, by adjusting the height of localized parts of the tooth model using the first, second, or third adjustment screws, three-point positioning can be performed quickly, intuitively, simply, and accurately. Additionally, the axial seat, first surveying arm, and second surveying arm are pivotable relative to each other, and together with the surveying needle, the heights of the first, second, and third positioning points can be quickly measured to perform the surveying method, thereby improving efficiency.

[0014] The main objective of the surveying method of the present invention is to quickly bring the first, second, and third positioning points to an equal height state by reducing height errors by performing iterative approximation between the two points of the third and second positioning points after adjusting the first and second positioning points to the same height, thereby making the tooth model accurate in angle and direction, facilitating collaborative work between the dentist and dental technician, and further improving work efficiency.

[0015] Other objects, advantages, and novel features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description and the related drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0016] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the surveyor according to the present invention. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the surveyor table of the present invention. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention. [Figure 5]Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the present invention with a shaving needle added and a tooth mold clamped. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the shaver of the present invention when shaving a tooth mold. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of adjusting the angle of a clamping table in the present invention. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of adjusting the height of the clamping table portion by an adjustment screw in the present invention. [Figure 9] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of adjusting positioning points and relative screw positions before shaving in the present invention. [Figure 10] Figure 10 is a top view of adjusting positioning points and relative screw positions before shaving in the present invention. [Figure 11] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a tooth mold and positioning points of the present invention. [Figure 12] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram showing the positioning points of the present invention by a projection method. [Figure 13] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram when shaving the first positioning point of the present invention. [Figure 14] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram when shaving the second positioning point of the present invention. [Figure 15] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram showing the first calibration of the present invention by a projection method. [Figure 16] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram when shaving the third positioning point of the present invention. [Figure 17] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of projection for adjusting the third adjustment screw in the present invention. [Figure 18] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram showing the second calibration of the present invention by a projection method. [Figure 19] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram showing the third calibration of the present invention by a projection method. [Figure 20] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram when adjusting the first adjustment screw of the present invention. [Figure 21] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of projection for adjusting the first adjustment screw of the present invention. [Figure 22] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram showing the fourth calibration of the present invention using the projection method. [Figure 23] Figure 23 is an enlarged schematic diagram showing the fourth calibration of the present invention using the projection method. [Figure 24] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram (part 1) of the present invention, showing how to actually survey tooth impressions. [Figure 25] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram (part 2) of the present invention, showing how to actually survey tooth impressions. [Figure 26] Figure 26 is a three-dimensional view of a conventional dental surveyor. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0017] To better understand and recognize the purpose, features, and effects of the present invention, the following will be described in detail with reference to the drawings in the [Brief Description of the Drawings].

[0018] As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the present invention provides a dental surveyor (1) including a surveyor (10) and a surveyor table (20).

[0019] A simplified embodiment of the surveyor (10) according to the present invention is as follows: The surveyor (10) comprises a platform (11) (surveyor platform), a vertical collum (12), a first surveying arm (13), a second surveying arm (14), and a surveyor rod (15) (vertical The system includes a spindle, the axial seat (12) being fixed on the platform (11), the first surveying arm (13) pivoting to the axial seat (12), and the second surveying arm (14) pivoting to the first surveying arm (13), so that the axial seat (12), the first surveying arm (13), and the second surveying arm (14) pivot to each other, the second surveying arm (14) comprising the surveyor rod (15), the surveyor rod (15) comprising an analyzing rod (151) for surveying a tooth pattern (30) (cast).

[0020] A complete embodiment of the surveyor (10) according to the present invention is as follows: The surveyor (10) includes a platform (11), an axis seat (12), a first surveying arm (13), a second surveying arm (14), and a surveyor rod (15), wherein the axis seat (12) is fixed on the platform (11), a pivot shaft (121) is provided at the top of the axis seat (12), an axle hole (131) and a first hinge hole (132) pass through the first surveying arm (13), and a first insertion hole (1311) and a second insertion hole (1321) are provided on the sides of the axis hole (131) and the first hinge hole (132), respectively A hole is made, the pivot shaft (121) of the axis seat (12) is provided in the shaft hole (131), the second surveying arm (14) has a second pivot hole (141) and a surveyor rod hole (142) through it, a third insertion hole (1411) and three fourth insertion holes (1421) are made on the sides of the second pivot hole (141) and the surveyor rod hole (142), a surveyor rod bush (143) is provided in the surveyor rod hole (142), and multiple ball spring screws (101) are provided in the multiple fourth insertion holes (1421). The surveyor rod bush (143) is incorporated into the fourth mounting hole (1421) by fixing the screw, a surveyor rod (15) is provided inside the surveyor rod bush (143), and the surveyor rod (15) may be provided with a surveying needle (151) for surveying the tooth pattern (30), a top stop ring (152) is fixed to the top of the surveyor rod (15), and the range of movement of the surveyor rod (15) is limited by the top stop ring (152) contacting the surveyor rod bush (143).The ball spring screws (101) are fixed to the upper and lower fourth mounting holes (1421), and the ball spring screws (101) improve accuracy by eliminating tolerances within the surveyor rod bush (143) of the surveyor rod (15) by applying average pressure to the surveyor rod (15). The surveyor rod fixing screw (102) is fixed to the middle fourth mounting hole (1421) so as to abut against the surveyor rod (15), and the position of the surveyor rod (15) can be adjusted and fixed by tightening or loosening the surveyor rod fixing screw (102). Slide bushings (103) are provided in the first pivot hole (132) and the second pivot hole (141), respectively. A pivot shaft (104) is passed through the two slide bushings (103), and a fixing screw (109) is fixed in the second mounting hole (1321) so as to abut the pivot shaft (104). By fixing the pivot shaft (104), the axial seat (12), the first surveying arm (13), and the second surveying arm (14) can pivot relative to each other. The first surveying arm (13) is fixed to the first mounting hole (1311) and the pivot shaft (121) by a fixing screw arm (105), thereby adjusting and fixing the angle between the axial seat (12) and the first surveying arm (13). The second surveying arm (14) is fixed to the third mounting hole (1411) by the positioning screw arm (105) and abuts against the pivot shaft (104), thereby adjusting and fixing the angle between the first surveying arm (13) and the second surveying arm (14). The tops of the pivot shaft (121) and the pivot shaft (104) are provided with screw covers (106) to limit their top positions. The first surveying arm (13) and the second surveying arm (14) are provided with a plurality of washers (107) and a plurality of bearing parts (108) to enhance the smoothness during pivoting.The washer (107) is for protecting the bearing portion (108) below it, and the axial seat (12), the first surveying arm (13), and the second surveying arm (14) are linked together in a pivot relationship.

[0021] The surveyor table (20) includes a cast clamping table (21) and an adjustment platform (22) (surveyor table base). The surveyor table (20) is placed on the platform (11), and the cast clamping table (21) is used to clamp the tooth profile (30) and is provided with a cast holding knob (211) for adjusting the degree of clamping. A spherical swivel ball (212) is provided at the bottom of the cast clamping table (21), and a clamping device (221) is provided in the center of the adjustment platform (22). A tilting adjustment knob (222) is fixed to the clamping device (221), and the swivel ball (212) is held in place by the clamping device (221). By rotating the tilting knob (222), the clamping device (221) is loosened and the swivel ball (212) can be adjusted. This changes the angle and direction of the clamp table (21). The top of the adjustment platform (22) is provided with a top housing (23) (swivel ball housing) that restricts the position of the rotating part (212). A first base adjustment screw (O), a second base adjustment screw (P), and a third base adjustment screw (Q) are fixed to the adjustment platform (22), and by moving the first base adjustment screw (O), the second base adjustment screw (P), or the third base adjustment screw (Q) forward and backward, the height of the contour points, first positioning point, second positioning point, or third positioning point on the tooth profile on the clamp table (21) corresponding to the first base adjustment screw (O), the second base adjustment screw (P), or the third base adjustment screw (Q) changes, thereby achieving the effect of three-point positioning adjustment.

[0022] The dental surveyor (1) provided by the present invention has a surveyor rod bush (143) made of copper, and the surveyor rod bush (143) is made of a copper column with a hole in the center.

[0023] The dental surveyor (1) provided by the present invention has a thrust bearing in the bearing portion (108), which provides higher parallelism and precision during pivoting.

[0024] As shown in Figure 2, in the dental surveyor (1) provided by the present invention, the axial seat (12) is locked to the platform (11) from bottom to top by a plurality of fixing parts (111).

[0025] As shown in Figure 3, in the dental surveyor (1) provided by the present invention, the first adjustment screw (O), the second adjustment screw (P), and the third adjustment screw (Q) are evenly distributed around the adjustment platform (22).

[0026] As shown in Figure 7, the present invention provides a surveying method for accurately determining the insertion and removal paths of a dental cast on a dental surveyor (1). The dentist adjusts the angle and direction of the dental cast (30) using the fine adjustment knob (222) to initially determine the anterior-posterior and lateral inclination of the dental cast. As shown in Figure 10, the anterior-posterior and lateral directions of the dental cast are brought closer to the positions of the first adjustment screw, second adjustment screw, and third adjustment screw, respectively. As shown in Figure 8, adjusting one of the first adjustment screw (O), second adjustment screw (P), or third adjustment screw (Q) does not simultaneously affect the other two, so the anterior-posterior and lateral inclination of the dental cast (30) can be accurately adjusted and determined using the first adjustment screw (O), second adjustment screw (P), or third adjustment screw (Q). Therefore, it can be confirmed that the anterior-posterior and lateral directions of the dental cast can be accurately adjusted by adjusting the first adjustment screw, second adjustment screw, or third adjustment screw. As shown in Figures 24 and 25, by surveying the tooth portion of the dental model (30) with the surveying needle (151), the insertion and removal paths of the dental model (30) can be accurately adjusted and determined as a reference for the insertion angle when manufacturing dentures, thereby enabling the fitting of dentures manufactured at a preferred angle. Therefore, this is a surveying method for accurately determining the insertion and removal paths of a dental model (determining the path of insertion of a cast on a dental surveyor).

[0027] As shown in Figures 7 to 11, the present invention provides a surveying method for recording and reproducing the insertion and removal path of a cast on a dental surveyor using a dental surveyor (1). The surveying method of the present invention is carried out in the following steps: (i) In the step of recording the insertion and removal path of the cast (30), the dentist surveys the cast (30) on the dental surveyor, then determines the direction and inclination of the cast, i.e., the insertion and removal path, and uses the tripoding method. (ii) Using the method, three separated contour points are selected on the surface of the tooth model (30) to determine the first positioning point (A), the second positioning point (B), and the third positioning point (C). The dentist hands the tooth model (30) to the dental technician, who then reproduces the insertion and removal path of the tooth model and fabricates the denture. (ii) In the step of reproducing the insertion and removal path of the tooth model, before the dental technician fabricates the denture, it is necessary to reproduce the insertion and removal path of the tooth model (30) determined by the dentist on a dental surveyor. The dental technician reproduces the insertion and removal path of the tooth model (30) by adjusting the position and angle of the tooth model (30) on the dental surveyor (1) to adjust the first positioning point (A), the second positioning point (B), and the third positioning point (C) to the same height.

[0028] As shown in Figure 11, the present invention provides a method for re-positioning the insertion and removal path of a cast on a dental surveyor using a dental surveyor (1). The re-positioning method of the present invention is carried out in the following steps. Specifically, by selecting contour points on the surface of the cast (30), there are a first positioning point (A), a second positioning point (B), and a third positioning point (C). The first positioning point (A), the second positioning point (B), and the third positioning point (C) form a triangle. As shown in Figure 7, the fine adjustment knob (222) is rotated. Rotating the fine adjustment knob (222) loosens the fine adjustment part (221), so the angle and direction of the clamp table (21) are changed by adjusting the rotating part (212). As shown in Figures 9 and 10, by adjusting the angle and direction of the tooth profile (30), the three positioning points (A), (B), and (C) are brought closer to the first adjustment screw (O), (P), and (Q), respectively, and at the same time, the heights of the first positioning point (A), second positioning point (B), and third positioning point (C) are made to match as closely as possible to complete the preliminary calibration. Subsequently, as shown in Figures 13 and 14, the height of the second positioning point (B) is measured using the tip of the surveying needle (151) with the second adjustment screw (P) as the reference, and the height of the first positioning point (A) is adjusted by adjusting the first adjustment screw (O), thereby making the first positioning point (A) and the second positioning point (B) the same height, and the height is confirmed with the surveying needle (151). As shown in Figure 16, the height of the third positioning point (C) is adjusted by adjusting the third adjustment screw (Q) again, thereby making the first positioning point (A) and the third positioning point (C) the same height.Subsequently, as shown in Figure 13, the height of the first positioning point (A) is adjusted by adjusting the first adjustment screw (O), thereby making the first positioning point (A) and the second positioning point (B) the same height. After repeated adjustments, the first positioning point (A), the second positioning point (B), and the third positioning point (C) are made the tooth model (30) to the correct angle and direction by making them the same height. This facilitates collaborative work between the doctor and the dental technician, further improving work efficiency and the accuracy of denture fabrication.

[0029] The surveying method of the dental surveyor of the present invention is described in detail as follows. Specifically, by adjusting the angle and direction of the tooth model (30) with the fine adjustment knob (222) and roughly determining the anterior-posterior and lateral inclination of the tooth model, the first positioning point (A), second positioning point (B), and third positioning point (C) are brought closer to the first adjustment screw (O), second adjustment screw (P), and third adjustment screw (Q), respectively. Therefore, by adjusting the first adjustment screw (O), second adjustment screw (P), or third adjustment screw (Q), it can be determined that when adjusting the first positioning point (A), second positioning point (B), or third positioning point (C), the change in height of one point is greater than that of the other two points.

[0030] As shown in Figures 7 to 10, this is a method for re-positioning the insertion and removal path of a dental cast on a surveyor. In step 1, the angle and position of the dental cast (30) are adjusted using the fine adjustment knob (222) to bring the first positioning point (A), second positioning point (B), and third positioning point (C) on the dental cast closer to the first adjustment screw (O), second adjustment screw (P), and third adjustment screw (Q), respectively, and to bring the first positioning point (A), second positioning point (B), and third positioning point (C) closer to the same height.

[0031] As shown in Figure 12, using the principles of projective geometry, the points obtained by projecting the first adjustment screw (O), the second adjustment screw (P), and the third adjustment screw (Q) onto the H plane, V plane, and L plane, respectively, will be abbreviated as points O, P, and Q, and the lines connecting two of the three points will be abbreviated as the OP line, the PQ line, and the OQ line.

[0032] Furthermore, to make it easier to read and understand, the points obtained by projecting the first positioning point (A), second positioning point (B), and third positioning point (C) onto the H plane, V plane, and L plane will be abbreviated as points A, B, and C below.

[0033] As shown in Figure 12, using the principles of projective geometry, we assume that point O is the point of contact between the first adjustment screw (O) and the platform (11), point P is the point of contact between the second adjustment screw (P) and the platform (11), and point Q is the point of contact between the third adjustment screw (Q) and the platform (11). Furthermore, the three-dimensional coordinate system has an H plane, a V plane, and an L plane. The H plane is the virtual plane of the platform (11), and the three points O, P, and Q are always on the H plane. The V plane is the plane through which the OP line passes and is perpendicular to the OP line, and the L plane is the plane through which the PQ line passes and is perpendicular to the PQ line. The V plane and the L plane are each perpendicular to the H plane, and the V plane and the L plane are not necessarily perpendicular to each other.

[0034] As shown in Figures 13 to 14, this is a method for re-positioning the insertion and removal path of a dental cast on a surveyor. In step 2, the height of the first positioning point (A) is adjusted with the first adjustment screw (O), and the height of the second positioning point (B) is adjusted with the second adjustment screw (P), thereby making the first positioning point (A) and the second positioning point (B) the same height.

[0035] As shown in Figure 15, using the principles of projective geometry, the projections of points A, B, and C onto the V-plane are shown. Points A and B are at the same height, point C is lower, the difference in height between the three points is hc, and the OP line overlaps to form a single point.

[0036] As shown in Figure 16, in step 3, the height of the third positioning point (C) is adjusted with the third adjustment screw (Q) to bring the first positioning point (A) and the third positioning point (C) to the same height, and as shown in Figure 17, at this time the three points A, B, and C rotate around the OP line as an axis.

[0037] As shown in Figure 18, using the principles of projective geometry, in the projection of points A, B, and C onto the V-plane, points A, B, and C rotate around OP as an axis until points A and C are at the same height. This changes the relationship between points A and B, which was originally at the same height in step 2. The difference in height between the three points is hb, and the mathematical relationship is hc:hb=AC:AB. Since hc is much larger than hb, it can be seen that the difference in height between the three points has decreased.

[0038] As shown in Figure 19, using the principles of projective geometry, in the projection of points A, B, and C onto the L-plane, points A and C are at the same height, point B is higher, the difference in height between the three points is hb, and the PQ line overlaps to form a single point.

[0039] As shown in Figure 20, in step 4, the height of the first positioning point (A) is adjusted with the first adjustment screw (O) to make the first positioning point (A) and the second positioning point (B) the same height, and as shown in Figure 21, at this time points A, B, and C rotate around the PQ line as an axis.

[0040] As shown in Figure 22, using the principles of projective geometry, in the projection of points A, B, and C onto the L-plane, points A and B are at the same height, point C is lower, the difference in height between the three points is hc'', and the PQ line overlaps to form a single point.

[0041] From the above principles, we found that the difference in height between the three points decreases from hc to hb, then further to hc'', and gradually decreases to a point where they are almost indistinguishable, resulting in the three points being at the same height.

[0042] Therefore, by repeatedly adjusting the height of the adjustment screws, the height difference between the three positioning points decreases until the first positioning point (A), the second positioning point (B), and the third positioning point (C) are at the same height. This allows the user to adjust the tooth profile (30) to the precise angle and direction, thereby completing the repositioning of the tooth profile on the surveyor (reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on a dental surveyor).

[0043] As shown in Figures 24 and 25, by surveying the tooth portion of the tooth model (30) with the surveying needle (151), the measurement can be used as a reference for the fitting angle when fabricating dentures, allowing the fabricated dentures to be fitted at a preferred angle.

[0044] Based on the above, the dental surveyor and surveying method of the present invention have the following advantages: (i) The insertion and removal path of the tooth model (30) is accurately adjusted and determined. (ii) When adjusting any one of the first adjustment screw (O), the second adjustment screw (P), or the third adjustment screw (Q), it does not affect the other two at the same time, so the anterior-posterior and lateral inclination of the tooth profile (30) can be accurately adjusted and determined; (ii) The adjustment platform (22) can adjust the angle and direction of the tooth profile (30), so that the first positioning point (A), the second positioning point (B), and the third positioning point (C) can be brought closer to the first adjustment screw (O), the second adjustment screw (P), and the third adjustment screw (Q), respectively, and at the same time, the heights of the first positioning point (A), the second positioning point (B), and the third positioning point (C) can be made as close as possible to the same height, so that initial calibration can be completed quickly; (iii) The height of a local part of the tooth profile (30) can be adjusted by the first adjustment screw (O), the second adjustment screw (P), and the third adjustment screw (Q), so that three-point equiheight positioning can be performed quickly, intuitively, and simply. This can be done reliably; (iv) by using thrust bearings to eliminate parallelism errors due to tolerances of the shaft holes between the first surveying arm (13) and the second surveying arm (14), and between the first surveying arm (13) and the shaft seat (12), and by using ball spring screws (101) to eliminate perpendicularity errors due to tolerances of the shaft holes between the surveyor rod (15) and the surveyor rod bush (143), thereby ensuring that the shaft seat (12), the first surveying arm (13), and the second surveying arm (14) (5) The axial seat (12), the first surveying arm (13), and the second surveying arm (14) are pivotable to each other, and together with the surveying needle (151), the heights of the first positioning point (A), the second positioning point (B), and the third positioning point (C) can be quickly measured to perform the surveying method, thereby improving efficiency;(vi) The surveying method of the present invention reduces height errors by performing iterative approximation between the two points of the third positioning point (C) and the second positioning point (B) after adjusting the first positioning point (A) and the second positioning point (B) to the same height. By quickly bringing the first positioning point (A), the second positioning point (B), and the third positioning point (C) to the same height, the tooth model (30) is made to have the correct angle and direction, facilitating collaborative work between the physician and the dental technician, and further improving work efficiency.

[0045] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention. That is, changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should also fall within the scope of the invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0046] Conventional technology: Conventional dental surveyor - (90) Surveyor Table-----(91) Ball joint----(92) This invention: Dental Surveyor --- (1) Surveyor-----(10) Ball spring screw -- (101) Surveyor rod fixing screw - (102) Slide bushing (103) Pivot shaft-----(104) Positioning screw arm----(105) Screw cover-----(106) Washer------(107) Bearing part----(108) Positioning screw----(109) Platform (11) Fixing parts-----(111) Axial seat -----(12) Pivot axis-----(121) First surveying arm (13) Shaft hole------(131) First mounting hole --- (1311) First pivot hole --- (132) Second mounting hole --- (1321) Second surveying arm (14) Second pivot hole --- (141) Third mounting hole --- (1411) Saber rod hole----(142) Fourth mounting hole --- (1421) Saber rod bushing --- (143) Saber Rod-----(15) Surveying needle-----(151) Top stopper -----(152) Surveyor Table (20) Clamp table-----(21) Clamp adjustment section --- (211) Rotating part-----(212) Adjustment platform (22) Fine-tuning parts-----(221) Fine adjustment knob----(222) Top housing------(23) Tooth marks------(30) First positioning point --- (A) Second positioning point --- (B) Third positioning point --- (C) First adjustment screw -- (O) Second adjustment screw -- (P) Third adjustment screw -- (Q)

Claims

1. A dental surveyor comprising a surveyor and a surveyor table, wherein the surveyor comprises a platform, an axis seat, a first surveying arm, a second surveying arm, and a surveyor rod, the axis seat being fixed on the platform, the first surveying arm pivotally connected to the axis seat, and the second surveying arm pivotally connected to the first surveying arm, thereby pivoting the axis seat, the first surveying arm, and the second surveying arm to each other, the second surveying arm being provided with the surveyor rod, and the surveyor rod being provided with a surveying needle for surveying tooth profiles. The surveyor table includes a clamp table and an adjustment platform, the surveyor table is placed on the platform, the clamp table is used to clamp a tooth model and is provided with a clamp adjustment section for adjusting the degree of clamping, a spherical rotating section is provided at the bottom of the clamp table, a fine adjustment component is provided in the center of the adjustment platform, a fine adjustment knob is fixed to the fine adjustment component, the rotating section is clamped on the fine adjustment component, and rotating the fine adjustment knob loosens the fine adjustment component, thereby adjusting the rotating section to change the angle and direction of the clamp table, a top housing is provided at the top of the adjustment platform to restrict the position of the rotating section, a first adjustment screw, a second adjustment screw, and a third adjustment screw are fixed on the adjustment platform, and by moving the first adjustment screw, the second adjustment screw, or the third adjustment screw forward and backward, the height of the clamp table corresponding to the first adjustment screw, the second adjustment screw, or the third adjustment screw changes, thereby achieving the effect of three-point positioning adjustment, in a dental surveyor.

2. The shaft seat is fixed on the platform, a pivot shaft is provided at the top of the shaft seat, the first surveying arm has a shaft hole and a first pivot hole through it, a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole are drilled on the sides of the shaft hole and the first pivot hole, the pivot shaft of the shaft seat is provided inside the shaft hole, the second surveying arm has a second pivot hole and a surveyor rod hole through it, a third mounting hole and three fourth mounting holes are drilled on the sides of the second pivot hole and the surveyor rod hole, the surveyor A surveyor rod bush is provided in the rod hole, and multiple ball spring screws are fixed to multiple fourth mounting holes so that the surveyor rod bush is incorporated into the fourth mounting hole, a surveyor rod is provided inside the surveyor rod bush, a surveying needle for surveying tooth patterns is provided on the surveyor rod, a top stopper is fixed to the top of the surveyor rod, and the range of movement of the surveyor rod is limited by the top stopper contacting the surveyor rod bush, and the upper and lower fourth mounting holes The ball spring screw is fixed to the surveyor rod, and the ball spring screw applies even pressure to the surveyor rod, thereby eliminating tolerances within the surveyor rod bush and improving accuracy. The surveyor rod fixing screw is fixed to the fourth mounting hole in the middle so as to abut the surveyor rod, and the position of the surveyor rod can be adjusted and fixed by tightening or loosening the surveyor rod fixing screw. Slide bushes are provided in the first pivot hole and the second pivot hole, respectively, and the two A pivot shaft is passed through the slide bush, and a positioning screw is fixed in the second mounting hole so as to abut the pivot shaft in order to fix the pivot shaft, thereby allowing the axial seat, the first surveying arm, and the second surveying arm to pivot relative to each other, the first surveying arm is fixed to the first mounting hole and the pivot shaft by the positioning screw arm, thereby adjusting and fixing the angle between the axial seat and the first surveying arm, and the second surveying arm is fixed to the third mounting hole by the positioning screw arm,Furthermore, the angle between the first surveying arm and the second surveying arm is adjusted and fixed by contacting the pivot shaft, a screw cover is provided on the pivot shaft and the top of the pivot shaft to limit the position of the top, a plurality of washers are provided on the first surveying arm and the second surveying arm, and a plurality of bearing parts enhance the smoothness during pivoting, thereby achieving a chain relationship in which the axis seat, the first surveying arm and the second surveying arm pivot to each other, according to claim 1.

3. The dental surveyor according to claim 2, wherein the surveyor rod bush is made of copper, and the surveyor rod bush is made of a copper column with a hole in the center.

4. The dental surveyor according to claim 2, wherein the bearing portion is a thrust bearing.

5. The dental surveyor according to claim 2, wherein the axial seat is locked to the platform from bottom to top by a plurality of fixing components.

6. The dental surveyor according to claim 2, wherein the first adjustment screw, the second adjustment screw, and the third adjustment screw are evenly distributed around the adjustment platform.

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