Shielding member

Abstract

To provide a shielding member that can improve air-conditioning efficiency.SOLUTION: A shielding member includes a first part that has a first flow coefficient and a second part that is connected to the first part and has a second flow coefficient that is larger than the first flow coefficient.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a shielding member. [Background Art]

[0002] As a conventional technology, shielding members used for buildings, such as screens, are known. [Prior Art Documents] [Patent Documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2022-49360 [Summary of the Invention] [Problem to be Solved by the Invention]

[0004] In the shielding members of conventional techniques, air may pass through the shielding member, which may increase the air conditioning load of a building. [Means for Solving the Problem]

[0005] In view of the above problem, as one aspect, the present invention provides a shielding member including: a first portion having a first flow coefficient; and a second portion connected to the first portion and having a second flow coefficient larger than the first flow coefficient. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] According to the present invention, a shielding member capable of improving air conditioning efficiency can be provided. [Brief Description of the Drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] It is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning system in the first embodiment. [Figure 2] Fig. (a) is a side view showing the differential pressure distribution in summer of a conventional air conditioning system, and Fig. (b) is a side view showing the flow coefficient distribution and Fig. (c) is a side view showing the differential pressure distribution in summer of the air conditioning system in the first embodiment. [Figure 3] (a) A side view showing the differential pressure distribution of a conventional air conditioning system in winter, and (b) a side view showing the flow coefficient distribution and (c) a differential pressure distribution of the air conditioning system in winter according to the first embodiment. [Figure 4] This is a side view of the air conditioning system in the first embodiment, showing the light transmittance distribution of the roller screen in (a) the case without adjustment and (b) the case with adjustment. [Figure 5] This is a magnified view of a roller screen, showing (a) a section where thicker threads are used, (b) a section where thinner threads are used, and (c) a section with an enlarged thread pitch. [Figure 6] This is a side view of the air conditioning system, showing (a) the winter conditions with the fan stopped and the system airtight, and (b) the exhaust fan in operation. [Figure 7] Figures (a) and (b) are side views of the air conditioning system in the second embodiment, showing two states with different arrangements of the curtain material of the roller screen. [Figure 8] This is a side view of the air conditioning system in the second embodiment, showing (a) the flow coefficient distribution and (b) the light transmittance distribution. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0008] <First Embodiment> Below, an air conditioning system 1, which is one embodiment of the present invention, will be described with reference to the figures.

[0009] The air conditioning system 1 is a device located on the perimeter P of building B and comprises a roller screen 2, a winding device 3, a ventilation device 4, a control unit 5, and a bottom bar 6.

[0010] Perimeter P refers to the area near the building envelope or outer perimeter of building B. As shown in Figure 2(a), the air conditioning system 1 is installed in the perimeter P, particularly near the windows W and ceiling panels S of building B that face the outside air.

[0011] In the following explanation, the vertical direction is defined according to the direction of gravity as shown in Figure 1. The width direction of the roller screen 2 is also defined as shown in Figure 1.

[0012] The roller screen 2 is a long member made of woven fabric, extending from one end 21 to the other end 22. The roller screen 2 is suspended near the window W so as to extend vertically, dividing the interior of building B into space 2S and living area R. In other words, space 2S is formed between the roller screen 2 and the window W.

[0013] The winding device 3 is a device for winding up and down the roller screen 2, and is fixed near the ceiling panel S. The winding device 3 has a shaft portion 31 connected to the roller screen 2 and a power unit 32 such as a motor that rotates the shaft portion 31. By rotating the shaft portion 31 using the power unit 32, the winding device 3 can wind up or wind down the roller screen 2 and move it up and down.

[0014] The ventilation device 4 is installed above the ceiling panel S. The ventilation device 4 is a device that draws in air from inside building B through space 2S. The air drawn in by the ventilation device 4 is discharged to the outside of building B or elsewhere through ducts (not shown).

[0015] The control unit 5 is connected to the ventilation device 4 and the winding device 3 in a communication manner and controls the operation of the ventilation device 4 and the winding device 3. The control unit 5 may also be equipped with sensors (not shown) to measure the temperature, humidity, and differential pressure around the roller screen 2 in the room.

[0016] The bottom bar 6 is a component attached to the other end 22 or one end 21 of the roll screen 2, and has approximately the same length as the one end 21 and the other end 22. The bottom bar 6 is detachably connected to the roll screen 2. Figures 2(b) and 2(c) show the bottom bar 6 attached to the other end 22.

[0017] <Roller blind details>

[0018] (Weave) As described above, the roll screen 2 is a woven fabric extending from one end 21 to the other end 22. The weave of the roll screen 2 is not uniform, and as shown in Fig. 2(b), the roll screen 2 is formed such that the flow coefficient increases from one end 21 toward the other end 22. In other words, the flow coefficient of the roll screen 2 decreases from the other end 22 toward the one end 21.

[0019] The flow coefficient is a coefficient indicating the relationship between the differential pressure across the front and back sides of the roll screen 2 and the amount of air permeated through the roll screen 2. A larger flow coefficient indicates that the roll screen 2 permeates a larger amount of air under the same differential pressure.

[0020] The change in flow coefficient is formed by changing the weave 2G formed by the warp 23 and weft 24 constituting the roll screen 2, that is, changing the gaps between threads (Fig. 5). Regarding the specific relationship between the warp 23 and the weft 24, a plurality of types of patterns are conceivable as follows.

[0021] As a first example, as shown in Fig. 5(a) and Fig. 5(c), the roll screen 2 is formed such that at least one of the pitch of the warp 23 (the spacing between threads) and the pitch of the weft 24 increases from one end 21 toward the other end 22. As the pitch increases, the weave 2G formed by the warp 23 and the weft 24 expands, and the flow coefficient increases. It can be seen that in Fig. 5(c), the pitches of the warp 23 and the weft 24 are larger than those in Fig. 5(a), which results in an expanded weave 2G.

[0022] As a second example, as shown in Fig. 5(a) and Fig. 5(b), at least one of the warp 23 and the weft 24 is formed to become thinner from one end 21 toward the other end 22. The thinning of the threads expands the weave 2G, so the flow coefficient increases toward the other end 22. It can be seen that in Fig. 5(b), the warp 23 and the weft 24 are thinner than those in Fig. 5(a), which results in an expanded weave 2G.

[0023] In both the first and second examples, the weave pattern 2G formed by the warp threads 23 and weft threads 24 is made larger, i.e., looser, as you move from one end 21 to the other end 22. In other words, a change in the flow coefficient is achieved by making the weave pattern 2G formed by the warp threads 23 and weft threads 24 smaller, i.e., denser, as you move from the other end 22 to the one end 21.

[0024] As a third example, it is conceivable to weave the roll screen 2 using materials with different flow coefficients in different sections to form both or one of the warp threads 23 and weft threads 24. In this case, by using a material with a higher flow coefficient at the other end 22 than the material at the one end 21, the flow coefficient of the roll screen 2 can be made smaller at the one end 21 and then increased towards the other end 22.

[0025] Furthermore, the flow coefficient of the roller screen 2 may be changed by combining two or more of the first, second, and third examples. For example, the material used for both or one of the warp threads 23 and weft threads 24 may be changed in one part and another part (third example), and the thickness or pitch of the warp threads 23 and weft threads 24 may also be changed (first and second examples).

[0026] (Flow coefficient distribution) The flow coefficient should preferably be distributed based on the differential pressure during air conditioning.

[0027] As an example, Figure 2(a) shows the pressure difference (differential pressure) distribution that occurs on the front and back of a conventional roller screen when the ventilation system 4 is operated during the daytime in summer. In Figures 2 and 3, the pressure distribution is drawn according to the direction in which air passes through and out of the screen.

[0028] When using a conventional roller screen with a uniform weave, as shown in Figure 2(a), the differential pressure distribution causes air to flow out from space 2S towards the living area R at the top. This is due to solar radiation warming the air and generating an updraft within space 2S.

[0029] In this embodiment, the flow coefficient of the roll screen 2 is distributed as shown in Figure 2(b) to prevent warm air from flowing into the living area R. Specifically, one end 21 is connected to the shaft 31 and the other end 22 is suspended downwards. As the flow coefficient decreases in the upper part, the differential pressure distribution is as shown in Figure 2(b), preventing warm air from flowing out of the space 2S to the living area R.

[0030] In winter, especially at night, it is desirable to reverse the arrangement of one end 21 and the other end 22 compared to summer.

[0031] In winter, the air is cooled by the window W, resulting in a differential pressure distribution opposite to that in summer, as shown in Figure 3(a). When using a conventional roller screen with a constant weave, the differential pressure in winter acts in a direction that flows into the living area R at the bottom and in a direction that flows from the living area R to space 2S at the top.

[0032] Therefore, it is desirable to distribute the flow coefficient of the roll screen 2 as shown in Figure 3(b). That is, the other end 22 is connected to the shaft 31 and the one end 21 is suspended downwards. As the flow coefficient decreases downwards, the differential pressure distribution becomes as shown in Figure 3(c), preventing cold air from flowing out of the space 2S to the living area R.

[0033] (light transmittance) As described above, the weave pattern 2G is not constant in the vertical direction of the roller screen 2. Therefore, if the roller screen 2 is formed without adjusting the light transmittance, the light transmittance distribution will not be constant. Figure 4(a) shows the arrangement of the roller screen 2 in summer and the distribution of light transmittance in this case, where the light transmittance of the fabric is distributed in correlation with the size of the weave pattern 2G (and the size of the flow coefficient).

[0034] If the light transmittance of the roller screen 2 is not uniformly distributed, technical problems may arise, such as variations in light shielding capacity between the top and bottom, or difficulty in understanding solar radiation gain during heat load calculations. Therefore, the following measures may be taken to ensure a uniform distribution of light transmittance.

[0035] One example is to vary the color of the roller screen 2 vertically. Specifically, for one or both of the warp threads 23 and weft threads 24, a fabric is woven using threads that become lighter in brightness from one end 21 to the other end 22, and this fabric becomes the roller screen 2.

[0036] Another example is to vary the transparency of at least one of the warp threads 23 and weft threads 24. For example, a fabric can be woven such that the transparency of one or both of the warp threads 23 and weft threads 24 decreases as you move from one end 21 to the other end 22, and this can be used to make a roll screen 2.

[0037] Such a configuration can be achieved by adjusting the dyeing and coloring of the yarn, or by using yarns made of different materials.

[0038] The above examples illustrate how to adjust the color and transparency of the warp threads 23 and weft threads 24. In each example, the light transmittance of either or both of the warp threads 23 and weft threads 24 is modified so that it decreases from one end 21 to the other end 22, as shown in the colored example in Figure 5(c).

[0039] As a result, the light transmittance of the roll screen 2 (light transmittance when considered as a woven fabric rather than as individual threads) is kept constant throughout. More specifically, as mentioned above, the roll screen 2 is a woven fabric formed by warp threads 23, weft threads 24, and weave pattern 2G. Therefore, both the light transmittance due to the size of the weave pattern 2G and the light transmittance of the warp threads 23 and weft threads 24 themselves determine the overall light transmittance of the woven fabric. As described above, by decreasing the light transmittance of at least one of the warp threads 23 and weft threads 24 as the weave pattern 2G increases, the overall light transmittance of the roll screen 2 can be adjusted to be constant.

[0040] By using the configuration described above, the roller screen 2 has a uniform light transmittance throughout its entire surface, as shown in Figure 4(b), and therefore exhibits uniform light-blocking performance in the vertical direction.

[0041] <Bottom bar details> As shown in Figure 1 and other figures, the bottom bar 6 has a rod member 61 and a packing 62.

[0042] The rod member 61 is a rod-shaped member having a width equal to or greater than the overall width of the roll screen 2, and is detachably attached to the lower end of the roll screen 2. The rod member 61 can be detachably attached to either one end 21 or the other end 22. Any of the following can be used to attach or detach the rod member 61: hook-and-loop fasteners, wire fasteners (for example, those using teeth), and point fasteners such as buttons.

[0043] The packing 62 is a component fixed to the lower part of the rod member 61. By being in close contact with the floor surface of building B or the upper surface of the air conditioning unit installed on the perimeter P, it has the function of preventing air from flowing in and out of the space 2S. In this embodiment, the packing 62 is in contact with the floor surface F of building B.

[0044] Various materials can be used for the packing 62. It is desirable that highly flexible materials, such as rubber, resin, or elastomer, be used as the material for the packing 62.

[0045] In this embodiment, the packing 62 has a substantially annular cross-sectional shape and is fixed to the lower part of the rod member 61, as shown in Figure 2 and other figures. The packing 62 is not limited to annular shapes and can take various cross-sectional shapes such as oval shapes. Here, "oval shape" is a concept that includes various shapes such as elliptical, egg-shaped, and shapes like the track of an athletics stadium (small oval shape). Furthermore, the packing 62 does not have to have a closed cross-sectional shape and does not have to have a hollow portion.

[0046] <Operation>

[0047] The operation of air conditioning system 1 is described below.

[0048] The control unit 5 acquires information about the building B from a sensor (not shown) and operates the winding device 3 according to the acquired information to wind up or lower the roller screen 2.

[0049] The conditions of building B may include the temperature and humidity inside and outside building B, and the amount of solar radiation from window W. In particular, the control unit 5 can measure the differential pressure distribution inside and outside the roller screen 2 and adjust the position of the bottom bar 6.

[0050] Furthermore, the control unit 5 operates or stops the ventilation device 4 according to conditions such as temperature and differential pressure distribution in building B.

[0051] In summer, the control unit 5 keeps the packing 62 away from the floor surface F and operates the ventilation device 4 (Figure 6(b)). Air from the living area R is drawn into the ventilation device 4 through the space 2S, as shown by the dotted arrows in Figures 2(b) and 6(b). As described above, in summer, the other end 22 is suspended downwards. Because the flow coefficient at the top of the suspended roll screen 2 is small, air heated by the window W or sunlight is prevented from passing through the roll screen 2 and flowing into the living area R.

[0052] In winter, the control unit 5 ensures that the packing 62 is in close contact with the floor surface F (Figure 6(a)). Because the packing 62 is in close contact with the floor surface F, the air cooled in the space 2S is prevented from flowing into the living area R.

[0053] Furthermore, as mentioned above, in winter, one end 21 is suspended downwards. In the suspended roll screen 2, the lower flow coefficient is small, which prevents the cooled air from the window W from passing through the roll screen 2 and flowing into the living area R.

[0054] <Second Embodiment> The air conditioning system 11 according to the second embodiment is shown below. The air conditioning system 11 includes a roll screen 12, a winding device 3, a ventilation device 4, a control unit 5, and a bottom bar 6.

[0055] The winding device 3, ventilation device 4, control unit 5, and bottom bar 6 have the same configuration as in the first embodiment, and their description is omitted.

[0056] The roller screen 12 is constructed by connecting together the curtain materials 12A, 12B, and curtain material 121, whose end is connected to the shaft portion 31. All curtain materials 12A, 12B, and curtain material 121 are made of woven fabric.

[0057] The curtain members 12A, 12B, and 121 all have fasteners at their ends and are connected to each other in an orderly fashion, as shown in Figure 7. In the same figure, the fasteners are indicated by white circles. The fasteners used in the curtain members 12A, 12B, and 121 may be surface fasteners, line fasteners, or point fasteners.

[0058] The connected curtain materials 12A and 12B together have a vertical length greater than the total height of the window W, and depending on their placement, they can cover the window W.

[0059] As described above, the rod member 61 can be attached to and detached from either of the curtain materials 12A or 12B that constitute the roll screen 12.

[0060] As shown in Figure 7, the curtain material 12A has a smaller flow coefficient than the curtain material 12B. Furthermore, the weave of curtain material 12A is larger than that of curtain material 12B.

[0061] The user can position the curtain material 12A above the curtain material 12B during the summer (Figure 7(a)). This arrangement prevents warm air from flowing into the living area R.

[0062] Furthermore, in winter, the user can position the curtain material 12A below the curtain material 12B. This arrangement prevents cold air from flowing into the living area R (Figure 7(b)).

[0063] (light transmittance) In order to make the light transmittance of the curtain material 12A and the light transmittance of the curtain material 12B the same, the following measures may be taken for the curtain materials 12A and 12B.

[0064] One example is to use different colors for the curtain materials 12A and 12B. Specifically, one could make the brightness of the threads that make up curtain material 12A (either warp threads, weft threads, or both) higher than the brightness of the threads that make up curtain material 12B.

[0065] Alternatively, one could make the transparency of the threads (either warp threads, weft threads, or both) that make up the curtain material 12A higher than the transparency of the threads that make up the curtain material 12B.

[0066] By using the above configuration, the light transmittance of the film materials 12A and 12B can be made almost identical.

[0067] Such a configuration can be achieved by adjusting the dyeing and coloring of the yarn, or by using yarns made of different materials.

[0068] The control method by the control unit 5 is the same as in the first embodiment. That is, in summer, the control unit 5 sets the packing 62 to be separated from the floor surface F and operates the ventilation device 4 (Figure 7(a)). Air from the living area R is drawn into the ventilation device 4 via the space 2S. As described above, in summer, the other end 22 is suspended downwards. In the suspended roll screen 12, the flow coefficient of the curtain material 12A positioned at the top is small, so air heated by the window W or sunlight is prevented from passing through the roll screen 2 and flowing into the living area R.

[0069] In winter, the control unit 5 ensures that the packing 62 is in close contact with the floor surface F (Figure 7(b)). Because the packing 62 is in close contact with the floor surface F, the air cooled in the space 2S is prevented from flowing into the living area R.

[0070] Furthermore, in winter, the curtain material 12A is positioned below the curtain material 12B as described above. Because the flow coefficient at the bottom of the roller screen 12 is small, the cooled air from the window W is prevented from passing through the roller screen 12 and flowing into the living area R.

[0071] Furthermore, the roller screen 12 may have a configuration that includes additional curtain materials in addition to the curtain materials 12A, 12B, and 121. For example, it is possible to configure the window W to be covered by three or more curtain materials that are mutually detachable. In such a case, the weave and light transmittance of each curtain material can be adjusted to obtain the same effect as described above.

[0072] <Effects> In each of the above embodiments, the following aspects are disclosed.

[0073] (Aspect 1) A roll screen 2 (an example of a shielding member) comprises a first part having a first flow coefficient and a second part connected to the first part and having a second flow coefficient greater than the first flow coefficient. A roll screen 12 (an example of a shielding member) comprises a curtain material 12A (corresponding to the first part) having a first flow coefficient and a curtain material 12B (second part) connected to the curtain material 12A and having a second flow coefficient greater than the first flow coefficient.

[0074] By adopting the above configuration, the inflow of warm or cold air into the living area R is reduced or prevented during summer or winter. As a result, the air conditioning load in building B is reduced.

[0075] (Aspect 2) In aspect 1, the first part is a woven fabric, and the second part is a woven fabric having a larger weave than the first part.

[0076] (Aspect 3) In the shielding member of aspect 1 or 2, the first part is a woven fabric, and the second part is a woven fabric formed of threads thinner than the threads constituting the first part.

[0077] (Aspect 4) In any of the shielding members of aspects 1 to 3, the first part and the second part are made of different materials.

[0078] With the above configuration, the flow coefficient can be easily adjusted in the shielding member.

[0079] (Aspect 5) The shielding member according to any of aspects 1 to 4, in particular the roller screen 12, comprises a curtain material 121 (corresponding to the third part) that is detachably connected to a curtain material 12A (first part) and a curtain material 12B (second part).

[0080] In the above configuration, the arrangement of the curtain materials 12A and 12B can be changed. Therefore, it is possible to change the distribution of the flow coefficient according to the season and indoor temperature conditions.

[0081] (Aspect 6) In the shielding member of any of aspects 1 to 5, the first portion and the second portion have the same light transmittance.

[0082] (Aspect 7) In any of the shielding members of aspects 1 to 6, the first portion is a woven fabric formed from yarn having a first light transmittance, and the second portion is a woven fabric formed from yarn having a second light transmittance lower than the first light transmittance.

[0083] In embodiments 6 and 7, the light transmittance in each part of the shielding member can be made uniform. This prevents variations in light shielding capacity from one part of the shielding member to another, and avoids difficulties in understanding solar radiation gain during heat load calculations.

[0084] (Aspect 8) In this embodiment, a shielding method is disclosed in which a shielding member described in any of aspects 1 to 7 is installed on the perimeter P of building B such that the second portion is located below the first portion during the summer. Furthermore, a shielding method is disclosed in which the shielding member is installed on the perimeter P of building B such that the second portion is located above the first portion during the winter.

[0085] By using the system as described above, the inflow of warm or cold air into the living area R is reduced or prevented during summer or winter. As a result, the air conditioning load in building B is reduced.

[0086] (Aspect 9) In this embodiment, a shielding device is disclosed comprising a shielding member as described in any of aspects 1 to 8, and a winding device 3 that supports the shielding member such that the first and second parts are aligned vertically, and performs winding and unwinding.

[0087] By using the above-described device, the inflow of warm or cold air into the living area R is reduced or prevented during summer or winter. As a result, the air conditioning load in building B is reduced.

[0088] <Variation> The flow coefficient and light transmittance in the roller screens 2 and 12 do not have to be linearly distributed. For example, they can be stepped or curved, as shown in the distribution of flow coefficient and light transmittance of the connected curtain materials 12A and 12B. If a stepped distribution is used, it is not limited to two steps, but can be any number of steps.

[0089] In the embodiments described above, roller screens 2 and 12 were used, but other types of materials may be used as shielding members. For example, curtains, blinds, shades, etc. Furthermore, the shielding member is not limited to woven fabric, but can be formed from various materials and shapes such as metal, plastic, and plate members instead of threads. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0090] Air conditioning system 1, roller screens 2, 12, winding device 3, ventilation device 4, control unit 5, bottom bar 6 Building B, Perimeter P, Window W

Claims

1. A first part having a first flow coefficient, A shielding member comprising: a second portion connected to the first portion and having a second flow coefficient greater than the first flow coefficient, The first and second portions are arranged along a direction from one end to the other end of the shielding member, The flow coefficient of the shielding member increases from one end to the other end. The first part and the second part have the same light transmittance. Shielding material.

2. The first part is a woven fabric, The shielding member according to claim 1, wherein the second portion is a woven fabric having a larger weave than the first portion.

3. The first part is a woven fabric, The shielding member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second portion is a woven fabric formed of threads thinner than the threads constituting the first portion.

4. The shielding member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first part and the second part are formed of different materials.

5. It comprises a third part that is detachably connected to each of the first and second parts, The shielding member according to claim 1 or 2.

6. The first portion is a woven fabric formed from yarn having a first light transmittance. The shielding member according to claim 1, wherein the second portion is a woven fabric formed of yarn having a second light transmittance lower than the first light transmittance.

7. The shielding member according to claim 1 or 2, During the summer, the second part is installed on the perimeter of the building so that it is located below the first part. A shielding method in which the second part is installed on the perimeter of a building such that it is located above the first part during winter.

8. A shielding member according to claim 1 or 2, A device for supporting the shielding member such that the first portion and the second portion are aligned vertically, and for winding up and winding down the shielding member, A shielding device equipped with the following features.

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