Blood purification device

Abstract

To execute monitoring to ensure that KCl for calibration does not flow into a body of a patient and that a component ratio of a supplied dialysate is within a normal range.SOLUTION: A dialysate pipeline 150 supplies a dialysate to a blood purifier 120. A waste liquid pipeline 151 causes waste liquid discharged from the blood purifier 120 to flow. A blood pump 111 is provided in an artery side blood circuit 110 for sending out blood. A first on-off valve 140v is provided in the dialysate pipeline 150 for opening and closing the dialysate pipeline 150. A second on-off valve 141v is provided in the waste liquid pipeline 151 for opening and closing the waste liquid pipeline 151. An electric conductivity meter 170 is provided on the upstream side of the first on-off valve 140v in the dialysate pipeline 150 and measures electric conductivity of the dialysate flowing through the dialysate pipeline 150. A pH meter 171 is provided on the downstream side of the second on-off valve 141v in the waste liquid pipeline 151 and measures a pH value of the waste liquid flowing through the waste liquid pipeline 151.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a blood purification apparatus.

Background Art

[0002] As a prior art document disclosing the configuration of a dialysate supply system, there is Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-207 (Patent Document 1). The dialysate supply system disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a measurement pipe line, an electric conductivity meter and a pH meter, and an arithmetic processing unit. The measurement pipe line is connected to a dialysate pipe. The electric conductivity meter and the pH meter are connected to the measurement pipe line. The arithmetic processing unit discriminates the type of liquid flowing in the dialysate pipe based on measurement values from the electric conductivity meter and the pH meter.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problem to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In a blood purification apparatus, it is required that the component ratio of the supplied dialysate is within a normal range.

[0005] The appropriate value of the electric conductivity of dialysate is based on Na + standards 140 mEq / L. However, since dialysate components include NaCl (agent A) and NaHCO3 (agent B), even when the component ratio of the dialysate is not normal, the electric conductivity of the dialysate may sometimes reach 140 mEq / L.

[0006] Accordingly, it is conceivable to determine whether the component ratio of dialysate is within a normal range by measuring the pH value of the dialysate using a pH meter. However, since the pH meter needs to be calibrated using an aqueous KCl solution, it is necessary to prevent calibration KCl from flowing into the patient's body.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a blood purification device that can monitor whether the component ratio of the supplied dialysate is within a normal range while preventing calibration KCl from flowing into the patient's body. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The blood purification device according to the present invention comprises a blood purifier, an arterial blood circuit, a venous blood circuit, a dialysate line, a drain line, a blood pump, a first on-off valve, a second on-off valve, an electrical conductivity meter, and a pH meter. The arterial blood circuit is connected to the blood purifier and is provided to allow blood to flow into the blood purifier. The venous blood circuit is connected to the blood purifier and is provided to allow blood to flow out of the blood purifier. The dialysate line supplies dialysate to the blood purifier. The drain line carries the drainage fluid discharged from the blood purifier. The blood pump is provided in the arterial blood circuit and pumps blood. The first on-off valve is provided in the dialysate line and opens and closes the dialysate line. The second on-off valve is provided in the drain line and opens and closes the drain line. The electrical conductivity meter is provided upstream of the first on-off valve in the dialysate line and measures the electrical conductivity of the dialysate flowing through the dialysate line. The pH meter is installed downstream of the second shut-off valve in the drainage pipeline and measures the pH value of the wastewater flowing through the pipeline.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the blood purification device further comprises a bypass line and a third on-off valve. The bypass line connects the position between the electrical conductivity meter and the first on-off valve in the dialysate line with the position between the second on-off valve and the pH meter in the drainage line. The third on-off valve is provided in the bypass line and opens and closes the bypass line.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pH meter includes a glass electrode and a reference electrode. The glass electrode includes an internal electrode and a glass membrane. One end of the glass membrane is connected to a calibration solution inlet tube. The other end of the glass membrane is connected to a calibration solution outlet tube. The internal electrode is housed inside the glass membrane, which is filled with calibration solution. The reference electrode always maintains a constant potential. The calibration solution inlet tube is connected to a calibration solution pipeline through which calibration solution supplied from a calibration solution source flows. The calibration solution inside the glass membrane is discharged through the calibration solution outlet tube.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the calibration solution that has passed through the calibration solution discharge pipe is discharged through the drainage pipe.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the calibration solution discharge pipe is not connected to the drainage pipe. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] According to the present invention, it is possible to monitor whether the component ratio of the supplied dialysate is within a normal range while preventing calibration KCl from entering the patient's body. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0014] [Figure 1] This is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a blood purification device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a blood purification device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0015] Hereinafter, blood purification devices according to each embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description of embodiments, the same or corresponding parts in the figures will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions will not be repeated.

[0016] (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a blood purification apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a blood purification apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a blood purifier 120, an arterial blood circuit 110, a venous blood circuit 112, a dialysate line 150, a drainage line 151, a blood pump 111, a first on-off valve 140v, a second on-off valve 141v, an electrical conductivity meter 170, a pH meter 171, a calibration solution supply source 180, a calibration solution line 190, a calibration solution pump 191, and a check valve 192. In the present embodiment, the blood purification apparatus 100 further includes a bypass line 152 and a third on-off valve 142v. Note that the bypass line 152 and the third on-off valve 142v do not necessarily need to be provided.

[0017] The blood purifier 120 contains therein a semipermeable membrane 125 made of, for example, a hollow fiber membrane. The blood purifier 120 has a blood inlet 121 and a blood outlet 122. The arterial blood circuit 110 is connected to the blood inlet 121. The venous blood circuit 112 is connected to the blood outlet 122.

[0018] The blood purifier 120 further has a dialysate inlet 123 and a drainage outlet 124. The dialysate line 150 is connected to the dialysate inlet 123. The drainage line 151 is connected to the drainage outlet 124.

[0019] The arterial blood circuit 110 is provided to allow blood to flow into the blood purifier 120. The arterial blood circuit 110 is provided with a blood pump 111 that delivers blood. The venous blood circuit 112 is provided to allow blood to flow out from the blood purifier 120.

[0020] The dialysate that has flowed through the dialysate line 150 is supplied into the blood purifier 120. The dialysate line 150 is provided with a first on-off valve 140v that opens and closes the dialysate line 150. An electrical conductivity meter 170 is provided upstream of the first on-off valve 140v in the dialysate line 150. The electrical conductivity meter 170 measures the electrical conductivity of the dialysate flowing through the dialysate line 150.

[0021] The drainage line 151 allows the drainage discharged from the blood purifier 120 to flow therethrough. The drainage line 151 is provided with a second opening / closing valve 141v that opens and closes the drainage line 151. A pH meter 171 is provided downstream of the second opening / closing valve 141v in the drainage line 151. The pH meter 171 measures the pH value of the drainage flowing through the drainage line 151.

[0022] The pH meter 171 includes a glass electrode and a reference electrode 173, and measures the potential difference between the glass electrode and the reference electrode 173. The glass electrode includes an internal electrode 172 and a glass membrane 174. One end of the glass membrane 174 is connected to a calibration solution inflow pipe 175, and the other end of the glass membrane 174 is connected to a calibration solution discharge pipe 176. The internal electrode 172 is accommodated inside the glass membrane 174. The reference electrode 173 always has a constant potential.

[0023] The calibration solution supply source 180 supplies a saturated KCl aqueous solution, which is a calibration solution for the pH meter 171. The pH of the saturated KCl aqueous solution supplied from the calibration solution supply source 180 is always constant. The calibration solution line 190 allows the calibration solution supplied from the calibration solution supply source 180 to flow therethrough. A calibration solution pump 191 is provided in the calibration solution line 190 and pumps out the calibration solution. A check valve 192 is provided downstream of a position where the calibration solution pump 191 is provided in the calibration solution line 190. The distal end of the calibration solution line 190 is connected to the calibration solution inflow pipe 175. The inside of the glass membrane 174 is filled with the saturated KCl aqueous solution. That is, the internal electrode 172 is disposed in the saturated KCl aqueous solution. In the glass membrane 174, an electromotive force corresponding to the pH of the liquid outside the glass membrane 174 is generated. The calibration solution that has passed through the calibration solution discharge pipe 176 is discharged through the drainage line 151.

[0024] A bypass line 152 connects a position between the electric conductivity meter 170 and the first opening / closing valve 140v in the dialysate line 150, and a position between the second opening / closing valve 141v and the pH meter 171 in the drainage line 151 to each other. The bypass line 152 is provided with a third opening / closing valve 142v that opens and closes the bypass line 152.

[0025] The following describes the operation of the blood purification device 100 according to this embodiment when performing dialysis treatment.

[0026] With the first on-off valve 140v and the second on-off valve 141v open and the third on-off valve 142v closed, dialysate is supplied from the dialysate line 150 to the blood purifier 120, and the blood pump 111 operates, sending the patient's blood to the blood purifier 120.

[0027] The electrical conductivity of the dialysate supplied to the blood purifier 120 is measured by the electrical conductivity meter 170. This determines that the electrical conductivity of the dialysate supplied to the blood purifier 120 is Na + It is possible to monitor whether the value is within the appropriate range of approximately 140 mEq / L according to the standard.

[0028] The electrical conductivity meter 170's measurement values ​​are transmitted to a control unit (not shown) of the blood purification device 100, and the control unit monitors the electrical conductivity of the dialysate supplied to the blood purifier 120.

[0029] The used dialysate (drainage fluid) discharged from the blood purifier 120 and flowing through the drainage line 151 has its pH value measured by a pH meter 171. This allows monitoring whether the pH value of the used dialysate (drainage fluid) flowing through the drainage line 151 is within an appropriate range, for example, 7.2 to 7.35.

[0030] The pH reading from the pH meter 171 is transmitted to a control unit (not shown) of the blood purification device 100, and the pH value of the dialysate supplied to the blood purifier 120 is monitored by the control unit.

[0031] With the above configuration, the electrical conductivity of the dialysate supplied to the blood purifier 120 is determined by the electrical conductivity meter 170 to be Na + While monitoring whether the pH value is within the appropriate range of approximately 140 mEq / L according to the standard, the pH meter 171 can be used to monitor whether the pH value of the used dialysate flowing through the drainage line 151 is within the appropriate range.

[0032] Therefore, if the electrical conductivity of the dialysate measured by the electrical conductivity meter 170 is around the appropriate value of 140 mEq / L, even though the component ratio of the dialysate is not normal, the pH value measured by the pH meter 171 will deviate from the appropriate value, thus allowing detection that the component ratio of the dialysate supplied to the blood purifier 120 is not normal.

[0033] In the blood purification device 100 according to this embodiment, since the pH meter 171 is provided in the drainage line 151, the saturated KCl aqueous solution used for calibration of the pH meter 171 can be prevented from flowing into the patient's body. In other words, the blood purification device 100 according to this embodiment can monitor whether the component ratio of the supplied dialysate is within a normal range while preventing the saturated KCl aqueous solution used for calibration from flowing into the patient's body.

[0034] Furthermore, during dialysis treatment, the pH value of the fresh dialysate that has not passed through the blood purification device 100 may be measured using a pH meter 171 by temporarily closing the first on / off valve 140v and the second on / off valve 141v and opening the third on / off valve 142v. This allows for accurate monitoring of whether the component ratio of the dialysate supplied to the blood purification device 120 is within a normal range.

[0035] Next, the operation of calibrating the pH meter 171 in the blood purification device 100 according to this embodiment will be described.

[0036] Before starting dialysis treatment, the pH meter 171 is calibrated. Specifically, by driving the calibration solution pump 191, saturated KCl aqueous solution supplied from the calibration solution supply source 180 is delivered into the glass membrane 174 through the calibration solution line 190 and the calibration solution inlet pipe 175. With the glass membrane 174 filled with saturated KCl aqueous solution, the pH meter 171 is calibrated by measuring the potential difference between the glass electrode and the reference electrode 173. Once the calibration of the pH meter 171 is complete, the calibration solution pump 191 is stopped.

[0037] A calibrated pH meter 171 is used to measure the pH value of used dialysate (drainage fluid) or fresh dialysate during dialysis treatment. At this time, the pressure of the saturated KCl aqueous solution inside the glass membrane 174 is maintained below the pressure of the used dialysate (drainage fluid) outside the glass membrane 174, thereby suppressing the outflow of saturated KCl aqueous solution from the glass electrode through the calibration solution discharge pipe 176. Furthermore, by shortening the length of the calibration solution line 190 located between the calibration solution pump 191 and the pH meter 171, the amount of saturated KCl aqueous solution that would flow out through the calibration solution discharge pipe 176 can be reduced. In addition, a check valve 192 is provided in the calibration solution line 190, which prevents used dialysate (drainage fluid) from flowing upstream of the check valve 192 in the calibration solution line 190.

[0038] During the flushing of the dialysate line 150 and drain line 151 performed after the completion of dialysis treatment, the calibration fluid pump 191 is driven to discharge the used dialysate (drain) and saturated KCl aqueous solution through the drain line 151. By discharging the saturated KCl aqueous solution during the above flushing, it is possible to suppress the residue of saturated KCl aqueous solution in the drain line 151. Furthermore, even if saturated KCl aqueous solution were to flow back through the drain line 151, it would not affect the dialysis treatment because it would not be occurring during the treatment.

[0039] (Embodiment 2) Hereinafter, a blood purification device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The blood purification device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention differs from the blood purification device according to Embodiment 1 only in the calibration of the calibration fluid discharge tube; therefore, the same configuration as the blood purification device 100 according to Embodiment 1 will not be described again.

[0040] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a blood purification device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, in the blood purification device 200 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, the calibration solution discharge pipe 276 is not connected to the drainage pipe 151. That is, the saturated KCl aqueous solution is discharged through the calibration solution discharge pipe 276 and does not flow into the drainage pipe 151.

[0041] In the blood purification device 200 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, when the dialysate line 150 and drain line 151 are cleaned after the completion of dialysis treatment, the calibration solution pump 191 is driven, causing a saturated KCl aqueous solution to be discharged through the calibration solution discharge pipe 276. By separating the calibration solution discharge pipe 276 and the drain line 151, it is possible to suppress the inflow of used dialysate (drainage) into the glass membrane 174.

[0042] The embodiments disclosed herein should be considered in all respects to be illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is indicated by the claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims are intended. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0043] 100 Blood purification device, 110 Arterial blood circuit, 111 Blood pump, 112 Venous blood circuit, 120 Blood purifier, 121 Blood inlet, 122 Blood outlet, 123 Dialysis fluid inlet, 124 Drain outlet, 125 Semipermeable membrane, 140v First shut-off valve, 141v Second shut-off valve, 142v Third shut-off valve, 150 Dialysis fluid line, 151 Drain line, 152 Bypass line, 170 Electrical conductivity meter, 171 pH meter, 172 Internal electrode, 173 Reference electrode, 174 Glass membrane, 175 Calibration fluid inlet, 176, 276 Calibration fluid outlet, 180 Calibration fluid source, 190 Calibration fluid line, 191 Calibration fluid pump, 192 Check valve.

Claims

1. A blood purifier, An arterial blood circuit connected to the blood purifier for supplying blood to the blood purifier, A venous blood circuit connected to the blood purifier for draining blood from the blood purifier, A dialysate pipeline connected to the dialysate inlet of the blood purifier, which supplies fresh dialysate that has not passed through the blood purifier to the blood purifier, A drainage pipe connected to the drain outlet of the blood purifier, through which the drainage discharged from the blood purifier flows and is discharged, A blood pump is provided in the arterial blood circuit to pump blood, A first on / off valve is provided in the dialysate pipeline and opens and closes the dialysate pipeline, A second on-off valve is provided in the drainage pipe and opens and closes the drainage pipe, An electrical conductivity meter is provided upstream of the first on-off valve in the dialysate pipeline to measure the electrical conductivity of the fresh dialysate flowing through the dialysate pipeline, A blood purification device comprising a pH meter provided downstream of the second on-off valve in the drainage pipeline for measuring the pH value of the drainage flowing through the drainage pipeline.

2. A bypass pipeline connects the position between the electrical conductivity meter and the first on-off valve in the dialysate pipeline and the position between the second on-off valve and the pH meter in the drain pipeline, The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a third on-off valve provided in the bypass pipeline for opening and closing the bypass pipeline.

3. The pH meter includes a glass electrode and a reference electrode. The glass electrode includes an internal electrode and a glass film. One end of the glass film is connected to the calibration solution inlet tube. The other end of the glass film is connected to the calibration solution discharge pipe. The internal electrode is housed inside the glass film, which is filled with calibration solution. The aforementioned reference electrode always maintains a constant potential. The calibration solution inlet pipe is connected to a calibration solution pipeline that carries the calibration solution supplied from the calibration solution source. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the calibration solution in the glass membrane is discharged through the calibration solution discharge tube.

4. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the calibration solution that has passed through the calibration solution discharge pipe is discharged through the drainage pipe.

5. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the calibration fluid discharge pipe is not connected to the drainage pipe.

Images