Electro-optical components

Abstract

The electro-optical component (100) for adaptive vision correction includes a first transparent substrate (102a); a second transparent substrate (102b); an optical structure (106) disposed on the first transparent substrate (102a); a liquid crystal gap (108) located between the optical structure (106) and the second transparent substrate (102b); a first transparent electrode (104a) and a second transparent electrode (104b) located on opposite sides of the liquid crystal gap (108); and a plurality of spacers (112, 112a, 112b, 112c, 312b) located within the liquid crystal gap (108) between the second transparent substrate (102b) and the optical structure (106); the plurality of spacers (112, 112a, 112b, 112c, 312b) includes at least one spacer having a different height than the other spacers of the plurality of spacers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electro-optical component for vision correction, a contact lens including the same, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Background Art

[0002] Presbyopia is an age-related disorder that affects the accommodation power of the eye. One possible treatment for presbyopia consists in the use of smart contact lenses comprising electro-optical components for adaptive vision correction. Such electro-optical components typically comprise liquid crystal. Such components comprising liquid crystal may comprise two substrates separated by a small gap. Activation of the liquid crystal within the gap adapts the vision correction of the electro-optical component and can assist accommodation.

[0003] It is an object to prevent sagging of substrates that may adversely affect the optical properties of the electro-optical component. Conventionally, so-called "spacers" of equal length are used for liquid crystal gaps, and are typically disposed on ridges of an optical structure.

Summary of Invention

[0004] It is an object of the concept of the present invention to provide an electro-optical component for adaptive vision correction that provides better control of liquid crystal gap distance.

[0005] According to one aspect of the concept of the present invention, there is provided an electro-optical component for adaptive vision correction, comprising: a first transparent substrate; a second transparent substrate; an optical structure disposed on said first transparent substrate; a liquid crystal gap located between said optical structure and said second transparent substrate; a first transparent electrode and a second transparent electrode located on opposite sides of said liquid crystal gap; and a plurality of spacers located within said liquid crystal gap between said second transparent substrate and said optical structure, wherein said plurality of spacers comprises at least one spacer having a height different from that of other spacers of said plurality of spacers.

[0006] The liquid crystal gap should be understood as a gap filled with liquid crystal, or a gap that will be filled with liquid crystal.

[0007] As a result of the liquid crystal gap being located between the optical structure and the second transparent substrate, the optical structure is configured to contact and / or be in contact with the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal gap. Further as a result, the optical structure is positioned adjacent to the liquid crystal gap.

[0008] At least one spacer has a different height from the others; that is, multiple spacers including spacers of different heights allow for more flexible placement of spacers across the liquid crystal gap. For example, in addition to having the option of placing spacers of a fixed height at the vertices of optical structures such as ridges and bulges, as in the conventional method, the placement of spacers can be optimized to prevent sagging of the second or first transparent substrate, especially when the substrate is not rigid for reasons such as being made of a very thin and / or flexible material. Furthermore, or additionally, this is particularly useful for constant-height Fresnel lenses where sagging is a problem because the distance to the vertices near the center of the lens is relatively large. Where spacers are placed to prevent sagging, the height of the spacers can be selected to be long enough to maintain the desired distance between the two substrates and the resulting gap. As a result, the cell gap can be better controlled and is particularly useful when using very thin (e.g., 50 μm thick) and / or flexible substrates. Thus, it becomes possible to use thinner and / or more flexible substrates than is possible by other means, enabling, for example, thinner and / or lighter contact lenses.

[0009] According to one embodiment, the electro-optic component has a curved shape. It should be understood that the curved shape means that, instead of forming parallel planes, the electro-optic layers each have a convex shape and are locally parallel, or essentially locally parallel. For example, the curved shape may be spherically curved.

[0010] Electro-optical components with a curved shape are particularly useful for integration into scleral contact lenses, as they improve conformity to the curvature of the eyeball, allowing for thinner scleral contact lenses. Electro-optical components with a curved shape represent a particularly useful application of the present invention's concept due to the specific challenge of preventing sagging in curved shapes.

[0011] According to one embodiment, the optical structure includes a central bulge or recess and a plurality of ridges located radially outward from the central bulge or recess, wherein the plurality of spacers include a plurality of spacers of different heights located in the central bulge or recess and a plurality of spacers of a constant height, and one of the plurality of spacers of a constant height is located in each of the ridges.

[0012] The central bulge or recess is typical of, for example, a Fresnel lens structure. A spacer located on the ridge should be understood as a spacer located anywhere on the ridge, for example, a spacer that terminates at the apex of the ridge, although not necessarily.

[0013] Multiple spacers of different heights positioned in the central bulge or recess can prevent sagging in such typically larger areas, while spacers of a constant height, which are easier to manufacture, can be used in ridge areas where they are typically closer together and therefore less prone to sagging.

[0014] According to one embodiment, the optical structure includes a central bulge or recess and a plurality of ridges located radially outward from the central bulge or recess, wherein the plurality of spacers include a plurality of spacers of different heights located in the central bulge or recess; and a second plurality of spacers, each of which is located in each of the plurality of ridges; wherein each of the second plurality of spacers is located at the same radial distance from each vertex of each ridge.

[0015] While sagging in such typically large areas can be prevented by placing multiple spacers of different heights in the central bulge or recess, placing the spacers of a second set of spacers at the same radial distance from the apex of each ridge makes the placement of the second set of spacers easier and thus allows for a less complex design.

[0016] According to one embodiment, the spacers of the plurality of spacers have a rounded cross-section. For example, the rounded cross-section may be circular. This minimizes the contact area with the liquid crystal, making it less likely for the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules to be hindered, and resulting in an electro-optic component that functions better.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the optical structure is a Fresnel lens structure. Such a structure typically has a bulge, a recess, and / or a ridge, and the concept of the present invention is particularly useful in such a structure.

[0018] In other embodiments, a contact lens comprising the electro-optical components of the present disclosure is provided. The contact lens may be, for example, a scleral contact lens.

[0019] Furthermore, this embodiment may generally offer the same or corresponding advantages as the former embodiment.

[0020] In another embodiment, a method is provided for manufacturing an electro-optical component for adaptive visual correction, the method comprising applying a plurality of consecutive photolithographic layers to a substrate, wherein the at least one spacer is manufactured from at least one of the plurality of layers.

[0021] Furthermore, this embodiment may generally offer the same or corresponding advantages as the former embodiment.

[0022] According to one embodiment, each layer is a photoimageable spin-on layer such as a SU-8 layer. This is a particularly advantageous method of manufacturing the layers.

[0023] According to one embodiment, the substrate is the second transparent substrate. This has the advantage of reducing the number of manufacturing steps and facilitating manufacturing, especially for small production volumes.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the substrate is a master mold, and the method further comprises molding at least a part of the second transparent substrate based on the master mold. The molding of at least a part of the second transparent substrate based on the master mold may be performed directly, or indirectly via one or more intermediate molds.

[0025] By preparing a master mold from which at least a part of the second transparent substrate is molded, for example, a plurality of master molds can be manufactured, which facilitates scaling up of production.

[0026] According to one embodiment, the master mold is a positive master mold. The positive type should be understood as a mold having features that directly correspond to the features of the final spacer, that is, convex features corresponding to the convex features of the spacer. The use of a positive master mold has the advantage of simplifying the manufacture of the master mold.

[0027] According to one embodiment, the master mold is a negative type. The negative type should be understood as a mold having inverted features relative to the features of the final spacer, that is, convex features corresponding to the concave features of the spacer.

[0028] According to another aspect, there is provided a method of manufacturing an electro-optical component for adaptive vision correction according to the above, comprising: manufacturing a substrate including a plurality of spacers; and producing the second transparent substrate by removing material from at least one spacer on the substrate.

[0029] This enables the height of the spacers to be large within a substantially continuous range, thereby improving flexibility.

[0030] Furthermore, this embodiment can generally provide the same or corresponding advantages as the foregoing embodiment.

[0031] According to another aspect, there is provided a method of manufacturing an electro-optical component for adaptive vision correction as described above, the method comprising: calculating a maximum value of a distance from any point in the liquid crystal gap to the nearest spacer among the plurality of spacers based on material properties of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate; and two-dimensionally distributing the plurality of spacers throughout the liquid crystal gap such that each such distance is equal to or less than the maximum distance.

[0032] Such material properties are, for example, material type, thickness, Young's modulus and / or maximum thermoforming temperature.

[0033] For example, by calculating the maximum distance based not only on shape but also on material properties, the spacer arrangement can be optimized for the specific combination of the shape and material at hand. This may achieve better control of the liquid crystal gap, which enables the use of thinner and / or more flexible substrates than other alternatives, thereby enabling, for example, thinner and / or lighter contact lenses.

[0034] Furthermore, this embodiment can generally provide the same or corresponding advantages as the foregoing embodiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The foregoing and additional objects, features and advantages of the concept of the present invention will be better understood through the following illustrative and non-limiting detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, unless otherwise specified, like reference numerals are used for like elements.

[0036] [Figure 1A] Shows an electro-optical component. [Figure 1B] This shows an electro-optical component with a curved shape. [Figure 2A] The first spacer configuration is shown. [Figure 2B] The first spacer configuration is shown. [Figure 2C] The first spacer configuration is shown. [Figure 3A] The second spacer configuration is shown. [Figure 3B] The second spacer configuration is shown. [Figure 4] The optical structure, including the central recess, is shown. [Figure 5A] This shows a mold for forming spacers for electro-optical components. [Figure 5B] This shows a mold for forming spacers for electro-optical components. [Figure 6] This shows the process of forming a spacer from a positive master mold. [Figure 7] This shows laser ablation. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0037] Figure 1A shows an electro-optical component 100 for adaptive vision correction.

[0038] The electro-optical component 100 may be incorporated into, for example, a contact lens, which may be, for example, a so-called smart contact lens. The contact lens can address the treatment of presbyopia, which is the age-related decline in the eye's ability to absorb vision. To enable a person to absorb vision again (i.e., to change the focus of the eye depending on the distance to the scene being observed), the electro-optical component 100 may be integrated into a contact lens that allows switching between, for example, two or more focal powers. For example, the contact lens may be able to switch between two focal powers, for example, plano and minus 2 diopters (-2D).

[0039] For example, an electro-optical component has a thickness of approximately 120 μm and a diameter of 7 mm.

[0040] The electro-optical component 100 may be rotationally symmetric about the axis 110, as shown in the figure, and Figure 1A shows a cross-section passing through that axis.

[0041] In the sandwiched layer configuration, the electro-optical component 100 is composed of, in order, a first transparent substrate 102a, a first transparent electrode 104a, an optical structure 106, a liquid crystal gap 108 which may be filled with liquid crystal, a second transparent electrode 104b, and a second transparent substrate 102b.

[0042] The first transparent substrate 102a and the second transparent substrate 102b may be made of a relatively thin and / or flexible material. For example, the first transparent substrate 102a and the second transparent substrate 102b may be made of a plastic film, such as PET, PMMA, or TAC.

[0043] For simplicity and clarity, the electro-optical component 100 in Figure 1A is shown in a linear configuration, i.e., a configuration in which the sandwiched layers lie in parallel planes. However, curved configurations are equally possible, as illustrated below in conjunction with Figure 1B. All configurations and embodiments throughout this disclosure should be understood to be applicable to such curved configurations.

[0044] Optical structure 106 is considered to be a micro-optical structure.

[0045] As shown in the figure, the optical structure 106 may be a Fresnel lens structure and may include a central bulge 116 (as shown) or a central recess (as illustrated elsewhere below), and a plurality of concentric ridges 118 located radially outward from the central bulge 116.

[0046] The first transparent electrode 104a and the second transparent electrode 104b are located on opposite sides of the liquid crystal gap 108. As shown in the figure, the first transparent electrode 104a and the second transparent electrode 104b may be integrated with the first transparent substrate 102a and the second transparent substrate 102b, and / or integrated on the first transparent substrate 102a and the second transparent substrate 102b, respectively. Other configurations (not shown) in which one or both of the first transparent electrode 104a and / or the second transparent electrode 104b are separated from their respective substrates 102a and 102b are also possible. For example, the first transparent electrode 104a may be integrated with and / or placed on the optical structure 106.

[0047] Furthermore, as shown in the diagram, the optical structure 106 is placed on the first transparent substrate 102a.

[0048] The liquid crystal gap 108 is formed between the optical structure 106 and the second transparent substrate 102b, and in a device in use, it may be filled with liquid crystal, as is known in itself.

[0049] The electro-optical component 100 may be coupled to a polarizer 114 that does not form part of the electro-optical component 100.

[0050] Thus, the electro-optic component 100 is a liquid crystal device comprising two transparent substrates 102a and 102b, with a thin liquid crystal gap 108 between them, and one of the substrates 102a is covered with a micro-optical structure 106. When the electro-optic component is used, the liquid crystal gap 108 can be filled with liquid crystal, forming a thin liquid crystal layer. The transparent electrodes 104a and 104b on both substrates can generate an electric field within the liquid crystal present in the liquid crystal gap 108.

[0051] The optical structure 106 is positioned adjacent to the liquid crystal gap 108 in this manner. When the liquid crystal gap 108 is filled with liquid crystal, the optical structure 106 comes into contact with the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal gap 108. Thus, the optical structure 106 is configured to come into contact with the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal gap 108.

[0052] As is known, the micro-optical structure 106, in combination with the birefringence of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal gap 108, can be designed so that the electro-optical component 100 has a lens function that can be adjusted for one polarization state of light passing through it, as shown by the dashed line in Figure 1A. By switching the liquid crystal element "on" (=voltage on, part B in Figure 1A) or "off" (=voltage off, part A in Figure 1A), the cell can be switched between two focal powers, for example, plano and minus 2 diopters (-2D).

[0053] Optionally (not shown), two such electro-optic elements 100 can be stacked orthogonally to each other to create a component that has a lens function adjustable for all transmitted light, regardless of its polarization state.

[0054] As schematically shown in Figure 1A, the multiple spacers 112 are positioned within the liquid crystal gap 108, and therefore between the second transparent substrate 102b and the optical structure 106. The multiple spacers 112 include at least one spacer having a different height from the other spacers, as will be described in detail below.

[0055] Figure 1B shows an electro-optic component 200 having a curved shape. The curved shape is typically rotationally symmetric and may also be spherically curved. Except for the curved shape, the electro-optic component 200 has the same characteristics as described above for the electro-optic component 100 in Figure 1A.

[0056] The manufacture of such an electro-optical component 200 having a curved shape may include, for example, a transition from a flat state to a spherically curved state by thermoforming: a flat disk is, for example, inserted into a set of heated molds used to deform the flat disk into a desired spherically curved shape.

[0057] Figures 2A and 2B show a first spacer configuration in the liquid crystal gap 108 between the optical structure 106 and the second transparent substrate 102b, which can form part of the electro-optical components 100, 200 disclosed above in connection with Figures 1A and 1B. As described above, the optical structure may include a central bulge 116 and a plurality of concentric ridges 118 located radially outward from the central bulge, as is typical for a Fresnel lens structure. Figure 2A shows the radial arrangement of the spacers, while Figure 2B shows the structure from above.

[0058] Multiple spacers 112 are arranged within the liquid crystal gap. In particular, the multiple spacers include multiple spacers 112a of different heights located in the central bulge 116 (or recess, see Figure 4) and multiple spacers 112b of a constant height, with one of the spacers 112b of the constant height located in each of the multiple concentric ridges 118.

[0059] For simplicity, all spacers are shown in the same radial cross-sectional view in Figure 2A. However, as is clear from Figure 2B, at each radial position, the spacers may be positioned at different circumferential positions, for example, so as to be uniform in the circumferential direction.

[0060] In the example shown in Figure 2A, the multiple spacers of different heights in the central bulge include four spacers having lengths of 9, 9.25, 10, and 12 micrometers, respectively, along the contour of the central bulge 116. Naturally, other specific arrangements of spacers 112a of different heights are also possible within the scope of the teachings of this disclosure.

[0061] Furthermore, referring again to the example in Figure 2A, the multiple spacers 112b of a certain height in the multiple ridge sections 118 may include spacers with a length of 10 micrometers. Of course, other lengths are also possible.

[0062] Typically, it is beneficial for one or more of the radially innermost ridge sections to include additional spacers, separate from a number of spacers 112b of constant length. In the example in Figure 2A, the radially innermost ridge section has one additional spacer 112c with a length of 12 micrometers.

[0063] Figure 2C schematically shows an arrangement similar to that in Figures 2A and 2B, and includes multiple spacers, which include multiple spacers 112a of different heights located in the central bulge 116 (or recess, see Figure 4); and multiple spacers 112b of a constant height, one of which spacers 112b is located in each of the concentric ridges 118. In this example, each spacer 112b of the multiple constant height spacers is located at the apex of its respective ridge.

[0064] Figures 3A and 3B show a second spacer configuration. Similar to Figures 2A and 2B described above, Figure 3A shows the radial arrangement of the spacers, and Figure 3B shows the structure from above.

[0065] Similarly, a second spacer configuration is formed in the liquid crystal gap 108 between the optical structure 106 and the second transparent substrate 102b, which may form part of the electro-optical components 100, 200 disclosed above in conjunction with Figures 1A and 1B. As described above, the optical structure may include a central bulge 116 and a plurality of concentric ridges 118 located radially outward from the central bulge, as is typical for a Fresnel lens structure.

[0066] Multiple spacers 112 are arranged within the liquid crystal gap. The multiple spacers include multiple spacers 112a of different heights located in the central bulge 116—this concept is also applicable to the central recess—and a second set of multiple spacers 312b, one of which spacers 312b is located on each of the concentric ridges 118. Furthermore, each spacer 312b of the second set of spacers is located at the same radial distance Δr from the apex of each ridge.

[0067] For simplicity, all spacers are shown in the same radial cross-sectional view in Figure 3A. However, as is clear from Figure 3B, at each radial position, the spacers may be arranged in different circumferential positions, for example, so as to be uniform in the circumferential direction.

[0068] In the example shown in Figure 3A, the multiple spacers of different heights in the central bulge include three spacers of different lengths along the contour of the central bulge 116. Naturally, other specific arrangements of spacers 112a of different heights are also possible within the scope of the teachings of this disclosure.

[0069] Typically, it is beneficial for one or more of the radially innermost ridge sections to include additional spacers, separate from the second set of spacers 312b. In the example in Figure 3A, the radially innermost ridge section has one additional spacer 112c.

[0070] Figure 4 shows the optical structure 106, which consists of a central recess 416 instead of a central bulge 116 (see Figures 1A to 3B). Other features are disclosed above in relation to Figures 2A to 3B.

[0071] In relation to Figures 1A to 4, the spacers disclosed above may each have a rounded cross-section, for example, a circular cross-section, and thereby each spacer is cylindrical.

[0072] The following are examples of methods for manufacturing the electro-optical components disclosed above.

[0073] Spacers can be manufactured through a molding process in one or more steps.

[0074] For example, the spacer may be molded from a negative master mold 502 having a recess 508 corresponding to the spacer to be molded, as shown in Figure 5a.

[0075] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 5b, the spacer can be molded from a positive master mold 504 having a shape that directly corresponds to the spacer into which the feature 506 of the mold 504 is molded.

[0076] This is further illustrated in Figure 6, which shows an example of the molding procedure. First, a positive master mold 602 is molded using one or more methods, for example, as described below. Next, a negative intermediate mold 604 is formed from the positive master mold 602. Finally, a final spacer 606 is molded from the negative intermediate mold 604, which allows the spacer to be embossed onto the second transparent substrate 102b, for example.

[0077] The master mold 602 can be, for example, a silicon wafer containing SU-8 features. A negative intermediate mold 604 can be fabricated by replica molding using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). This replica can be used to emboss other (transparent) materials onto a substrate used for electro-optical components.

[0078] In other words, the master mold can be inverted or "negative," in which case the spacer will be inverted (i.e., recessed) (see Figure 5a). In this case, the embossing process is a two-step procedure: first, an intermediate negative mold is formed from the original positive master mold, and then used to emboss the actual substrate to be used for the electro-optical component. This forms at least a portion of the second transparent substrate based on the master mold.

[0079] One method for manufacturing placement spacers of different heights is to use a series of photolithography steps using a photoimaging spin-on layer (such as SU-8), where different layer thicknesses are used in the successive steps. In each step, a spacer of a desired height corresponding to the thickness of the spin-coated layer is manufactured.

[0080] Accordingly, this manufacturing method involves applying a plurality of consecutive photolithography layers to a substrate, and the at least one spacer is manufactured from at least one of the plurality of layers.

[0081] This method can be applied directly to the second transparent substrate 102b on which the spacer is fabricated. Alternatively, this method can be applied to other substrates, which then become master molds, particularly positive-type master molds, as described above.

[0082] Other methods for manufacturing spacers of different heights are shown in Figure 7, which include, for example, first manufacturing several spacers 702 with the same maximum required height, and then shortening one or more of them 706 by using a technique 704 to remove material from the top of a particular spacer. An example of such a technique is laser ablation. This allows for a large, nearly continuous range of spacer heights, increasing flexibility.

[0083] Furthermore, this method can be applied directly to the substrate on which the spacer is fabricated, for example, by spin-coating an extra layer onto the second transparent substrate 102b. Alternatively, as described above, this method can be applied to the fabrication of a positive master mold. It can also be used to fabricate a negative master mold by forming recesses of different depths in a uniform layer used for embossing the actual substrate used for electro-optical components.

[0084] The arrangement of spacers within the liquid crystal gap may also be based on calculating the maximum distance from any point within the liquid crystal gap to the nearest spacer among the plurality of spacers, based on the material properties of the first and second transparent substrates using a method known in itself, and then arranging the plurality of spacers two-dimensionally across the entire liquid crystal gap such that each such distance is less than or equal to the maximum distance. Such material properties may be, for example, the type of material, thickness, Young's modulus, and / or maximum thermoforming temperature.

[0085] In the foregoing, the concept of the present invention has been described primarily with reference to a limited number of examples. However, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, other examples besides those disclosed above are also possible within the scope of the concept of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A first transparent substrate (102a); Second transparent substrate (102b); An optical structure (106) disposed on the first transparent substrate (102a); A liquid crystal gap (108) located between the optical structure (106) and the second transparent substrate (102b); A first transparent electrode (104a) and a second transparent electrode (104b) located on the opposite side of the liquid crystal gap (108); and, The present invention includes a plurality of spacers (112, 112a, 112b, 112c, 312b) located within the liquid crystal gap (108) between the second transparent substrate (102b) and the optical structure (106); At least one of the first transparent substrate (102a) and the second transparent substrate (102b) is a substrate with a thickness of 50 μm or less, or a flexible substrate, and the plurality of spacers (112) are arranged in a two-dimensional distribution within the liquid crystal gap (108) to prevent the substrate from sagging. The plurality of spacers (112, 112a, 112b, 112c, 312b) is a method for manufacturing an adaptive visual correction electro-optic component (100) which includes at least one spacer having a different height from the other spacers, Fabricating a circuit board that includes multiple spacers; A method comprising: producing the second transparent substrate by removing material from at least one spacer on the substrate.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the electro-optical component (100) has a curved shape.

3. The optical structure (106) includes a central bulge (116) or recess (416) and a plurality of ridges (118) located radially outward from the central bulge (116) or recess (416). The aforementioned multiple spacers are Multiple spacers (112a) of different heights located in the central bulge (116) or recess (416); and, The method according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a plurality of spacers (112b) of a certain height, wherein one of the plurality of spacers of a certain height is positioned on each of the ridge portions (118);

4. The optical structure (106) includes a central bulge (116) or recess (416) and a plurality of ridges (118) located radially outward from the central bulge (116) or recess (416), The aforementioned multiple spacers are Multiple spacers (112a) of different heights located in the central bulge (116) or recess (416); and, The method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a second plurality of spacers (312b), each of which spacers is located on each of the plurality of ridges, and each spacer is located at the same radial distance from each vertex of each ridge;

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the spacers of the plurality of spacers have a rounded cross-section.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the optical structure is a Fresnel lens structure.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the electro-optical component is a contact lens.

8. A method for manufacturing an adaptive electro-optical component for visual correction according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising applying a plurality of consecutive photolithography layers to a substrate, wherein the at least one spacer is manufactured from at least one of the plurality of layers.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein each layer is a spin-on layer capable of forming an optical image, such as an SU-8 layer.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the substrate is the second transparent substrate.

11. The method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the substrate is a master mold, and the method further comprises molding at least a portion of the second transparent substrate based on the master mold.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the master mold is a positive type master mold (504).

13. The method according to claim 11, wherein the master mold is a negative type master mold (502).

14. A method for manufacturing an electro-optical component according to any one of claims 1 to 7, Based on the material properties of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, calculate the maximum distance from any point in the liquid crystal gap to the nearest spacer among the plurality of spacers; and, A method comprising arranging the plurality of spacers in a two-dimensional manner across the entire liquid crystal gap such that each of the aforementioned distances is less than or equal to the maximum value.

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