Thermal management systems and vehicles

Abstract

A thermal management system (100) and a vehicle (200), wherein the thermal management system (100) is used in the vehicle (200), the thermal management system (100) includes a compressor (10), a liquid-cooled air cooler (20), a coaxial tube (30), an internal air cooler (40), an external air cooler (50), and an evaporator (60), the coaxial tube (30) having a high-pressure inlet (31), a high-pressure outlet (32), a low-pressure inlet (33), and a low-pressure outlet (34), the low-pressure outlet (34) being connected to an inlet of the compressor (10). The outlet of the compressor (10) is connected to a first connection port (21) of a liquid-cooled air cooler (20), and the second connection port (22) of the liquid-cooled air cooler (20) is connected to an inlet of an external air cooler (50) and an inlet of an internal air cooler (40), respectively. The outlet of the external air cooler (50) is connected to a high-pressure inlet (31), and the outlet of the internal air cooler (40) is connected to a first port and a low-pressure inlet (33) of an evaporator (60), respectively. The second port of the evaporator (60) is connected to a high-pressure outlet (32). In this way, the thermal management system (100) is not only applicable to carbon dioxide refrigerant systems, but also to R134a / R1234yf / mixed refrigerant and other refrigerant systems. The liquid-cooled air cooler (20) and the coaxial pipe (30) improve the efficiency of heat dissipation of the refrigerant to the outside, thereby effectively solving the problem of reduced efficiency in the cooling process of the carbon dioxide module (101).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a thermal management system and a vehicle.

[0002] <Priority Information> The present application claims the priority and benefit of a patent application with application number 202310187837.0 filed with the National Intellectual Property Administration of China on February 22, 2023, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. [Background Art]

[0003] Currently, vehicles require a heat pump system to achieve heat exchange inside the vehicle. Conventional heat pump systems use R134a / r1234yf as a refrigerant; under low-temperature conditions such as -18°C or lower, the cabin is mainly heated by water-heated PTC, and when the ambient temperature is lower than -18°C, the heating efficiency is insufficient. When carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant, the heating efficiency of the heat pump system using carbon dioxide is low. [Summary of the Invention]

[0004] Embodiments of the present invention provide a thermal management system and a vehicle.

[0005] The thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention is used for a vehicle, the thermal management system includes a compressor, a liquid-cooled Gas cooler , a coaxial pipe, an inner Gas cooler and an outer Gas cooler , and an evaporator, the coaxial pipe has a high-pressure inlet, a high-pressure outlet, a low-pressure inlet, and a low-pressure outlet, the low-pressure outlet is connected to an inlet of the compressor, an outlet of the compressor is connected to the liquid-cooled Gas cooler at a first connection port, the second connection port of the liquid-cooled Gas cooler is connected to the inlet of the outer Gas cooler and the inlet of the inner Gas cooler respectively, the outlet of the outer Gas cooler is connected to the high-pressure inlet, the outlet of the inner Gas coolerThe outlet is connected to the first port and the low-pressure inlet of the evaporator, respectively, and the second port of the evaporator is connected to the high-pressure outlet.

[0006] In the thermal management system of an embodiment of the present invention, the thermal management system is used in a vehicle, and the thermal management system comprises a compressor and a liquid coolant. Gas cooler And the coaxial tube, and inside Gas cooler And, external Gas cooler The system includes an evaporator, and the coaxial tube has a high-pressure inlet, a high-pressure outlet, a low-pressure inlet, and a low-pressure outlet, the low-pressure outlet is connected to the compressor inlet, and the compressor outlet is liquid-cooled. Gas cooler It is connected to the first connection port and is liquid-cooled. Gas cooler The second connection port is external Gas cooler The entrance and interior Gas cooler Each is connected to an entrance, and external Gas cooler The outlet is connected to the high-pressure inlet, and inside Gas cooler The outlets are connected to the first port and low-pressure inlet of the evaporator, respectively, and the second port of the evaporator is connected to the high-pressure outlet. Thus, this heat management system is applicable not only to carbon dioxide refrigerant systems but also to R134A / R1234YF / mixed refrigerants and other refrigerant systems, and is liquid-cooled. Gas cooler Furthermore, the use of coaxial tubes improves the efficiency of heat dissipation of the refrigerant to the outside, effectively solving the problem of reduced efficiency in the cooling process of carbon dioxide modules. Also, by using carbon dioxide as the refrigerant, the thermal management system can operate stably in low-temperature environments. The coaxial tubes facilitate heat exchange between the isolated and cooled refrigerant and the refrigerant before it enters the evaporator, further reducing the enthalpy of the refrigerant before it enters the evaporator. This extends the performance of the evaporation section and results in better cooling performance. Additionally, coaxial tubes can improve energy conversion efficiency in the cooling and heating processes, and are effective in liquid cooling. Gas cooler Using a coaxial tube in series with the external Gas cooler By pre-cooling the refrigerant before it enters the system, the heat dissipation of carbon dioxide is more sufficient, resulting in a more efficient cooling process.

[0007] In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes a first control valve, a second control valve, a third control valve, and a fourth control valve, and the liquid cooling Gas cooler The second connection port is connected to the first diversion node, the first diversion node is connected to the first control valve and the third control valve, respectively, and the third control valve is connected to the internal Gas cooler The first control valve is connected to the inlet, and the second control valve is connected to the second diversion node, and the second diversion node is connected to the external Gas cooler The inlet and the second control valve are connected, respectively, the second control valve is connected to the third diversion node, the third diversion node is connected to the low-pressure inlet and the fourth control valve, respectively, the fourth control valve is connected to the fourth diversion node, and the fourth diversion node is connected to the internal Gas cooler It is connected to the outlet and the first port of the evaporator, respectively. In this way, liquid cooling Gas cooler By providing a first control valve, a second control valve, a third control valve, a fourth control valve, and multiple flow-dividing nodes on the rear side, the direction of refrigerant flow can be controlled and adjusted, enabling different temperature control functions and ensuring that the vehicle's temperature can be adjusted quickly and accurately. Gas cooler Furthermore, the use of coaxial tubing allows for control and adjustment of refrigerant pressure, enabling the use of more effective carbon dioxide as a refrigerant to achieve temperature control. Additionally, multiple control valves, multiple flow diversion nodes, and liquid cooling are also available. Gas cooler Furthermore, by integrating and modularizing coaxial tubes, a carbon dioxide module can be formed, effectively reducing the number of AC line plates and joints in the carbon dioxide module, thereby reducing the risk of refrigerant leakage and improving the reliability of system operation.

[0008] In some embodiments, the thermal management system is located within Gas coolerThe system further includes a first throttle valve connected between the outlet and the fourth flow diversion node. Thus, the first throttle valve can shut off and cool the refrigerant, adjust the refrigerant pressure to some extent, and adjust the low-temperature two-phase state of the refrigerant. The refrigerant is internal Gas cooler After flowing out from the outlet, the refrigerant passes through the first throttle valve to the fourth diversion node, where it flows to the fourth control valve and the evaporator, respectively. When the thermal management system is in different modes, the open / closed state of the fourth control valve differs, and the flow rate of the refrigerant controlled by the first throttle valve also differs, thereby adjusting the specific flow direction and flow rate of the refrigerant and achieving different functions.

[0009] In some embodiments, the thermal management system includes a second throttle valve connected between the second port of the evaporator and a fifth diversion node, the fifth diversion node being connected to the high-pressure outlet. Thus, the second throttle valve can shut off and cool the refrigerant, adjust the refrigerant pressure to some extent, and regulate the low-temperature two-phase state of the refrigerant. After flowing out of the second port of the evaporator, the refrigerant passes through the second throttle valve to the fifth diversion node and then flows to the cooler and the high-pressure outlet, respectively. When the thermal management system is in a different mode, the refrigerant flow rate controlled by the second throttle valve also differs, thereby regulating the refrigerant flow rate and achieving different functions.

[0010] In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes a cooler, the first port of which is connected to the fifth flow diversion node via a third throttle valve, and the second port of which is connected to the third flow diversion node. In this way, the cooler is used to circulate the battery coolant, enabling heat exchange between the battery coolant and the refrigerant, thereby enabling waste heat recovery, saving energy, and reducing power consumption.

[0011] In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes a power battery, the third and fourth ports of the cooler being connected to the power battery, and the temperature of the power battery being regulated by a battery coolant. Thus, the power battery is used to supply the power necessary for the normal operation of the vehicle, and heat is generated when the power battery is operating, but the battery coolant is used to transport the heat generated from the power battery to another location and dissipate it. The battery coolant flows through the cooler and exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the cooler, thereby achieving heat recovery and reuse, and enabling different mode functions.

[0012] In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes a radiator for cooling the battery coolant. Thus, the radiator may be located on the outside of the vehicle, and the battery coolant can absorb heat and become hot, then flow through the radiator to release the heat, thereby enabling heat circulation and ensuring the normal operation of the power battery.

[0013] In some embodiments, the thermal management system includes the radiator and the external Gas cooler It further includes an outdoor fan to dissipate heat from the radiator and the outside. Gas cooler After the battery coolant and refrigerant release their heat, the outdoor fan works to quickly dissipate the heat to the outside, ensuring effective heat dissipation.

[0014] In some embodiments, the thermal management system is liquid-cooled Gas cooler It is connected to the third connection port, and the battery coolant is the liquid cooling Gas cooler The liquid cooling via the fourth connection port Gas cooler It further includes a water pump to allow the water to enter the battery coolant. Gas cooler The water can be supplied to the system, enabling heat exchange between the battery coolant and the refrigerant, allowing the refrigerant to release heat into the coolant and thus achieving heat recovery. The water pump can adjust the flow rate and control the temperature of the refrigerant to adjust the temperature of the cabin to a set value.

[0015] A vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the heat management system described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0016] In the heat management system and vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, the heat management system is used in a vehicle, and the heat management system includes a compressor, a liquid-cooled Gas cooler , a coaxial tube, an inner Gas cooler and an outer Gas cooler and an evaporator, the coaxial tube has a high-pressure inlet, a high-pressure outlet, a low-pressure inlet, and a low-pressure outlet, the low-pressure outlet is connected to an inlet of the compressor, and an outlet of the compressor is connected to the liquid-cooled Gas cooler connected to a first connection port of the liquid-cooled Gas cooler a second connection port of the liquid-cooled Gas cooler connected to the inlet of the outer Gas cooler and the inlet of the inner, respectively, the outlet of the outer Gas cooler is connected to the high-pressure inlet, and the outlet of the inner Gas cooler is connected to a first port of the evaporator and the low-pressure inlet, respectively, and a second port of the evaporator is connected to the high-pressure outlet. As such, the present heat management system is not only applicable to carbon dioxide refrigerant systems, but also applicable to r134a / r1234yf / mixed refrigerants and other refrigerant systems, and through the use of the liquid-cooled Gas cooler and the coaxial tube, the heat dissipation efficiency of the refrigerant to the outside is improved, and the problem of efficiency reduction in the cooling process of a carbon dioxide module can be well solved. In addition, by using carbon dioxide as the refrigerant, the heat management system can stably operate in low-temperature environments. The coaxial tube performs heat exchange between the shut-off and cooled refrigerant and the refrigerant before entering the evaporator, which can further reduce the enthalpy of the refrigerant before entering the evaporator, thereby prolonging the performance of the evaporation section and obtaining better cooling performance. In addition, the coaxial tube can improve energy conversion efficiency in cooling and heating processes, by using the coaxial tube in series with the liquid-cooled Gas cooler and pre-cooling the refrigerant before it enters the outer Gas cooler , the heat dissipation of carbon dioxide becomes more sufficient, and a more efficient cooling process is achieved.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention are partially shown in the following description, and the rest will be apparent from the following description or understood through the practice of the present invention. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand from the description of embodiments combined with the following drawings. [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is another schematic diagram of the thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] This is another schematic diagram of the thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0019] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, with examples of the embodiments described being shown in the drawings, and the same or similar symbols indicate the same or similar components, or components having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and are for illustrative purposes only, and do not limit the present invention.

[0020] In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the presence of a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or it may include indirect contact between the first and second features via another feature between them. Furthermore, the presence of a first feature "above," "above," and "upper side" of a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The presence of a first feature "below," "below," and "below side" of a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0021] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing different structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, specific configurations and settings are described below. Of course, these are illustrative and do not limit the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and / or reference letters in different examples; such repetitions are for simplification and clarity and do not indicate relationships between the respective embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials; however, those skilled in the art may conceive of applying other processes and / or using other materials.

[0022] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the thermal management system 100 of the embodiment of the present invention is used in a vehicle 200, and the thermal management system 100 includes a compressor 10 and a liquid cooling system. Gas cooler (Liquid-cooled gas cooler) 20, coaxial tube 30, and internal Gas cooler 40 and external Gas cooler The coaxial tube 30 includes a 50 and an evaporator 60, and has a high-pressure inlet 31, a high-pressure outlet 32, a low-pressure inlet 33, and a low-pressure outlet 34, the low-pressure outlet 34 being connected to the inlet of the compressor 10, and the outlet of the compressor 10 is liquid-cooled. Gas cooler It is connected to the first connection port 21 of 20, and is liquid-cooled. Gas cooler The second connection port 22 of 20 is external Gas cooler 50 entrances and interior Gas cooler Each of the 40 entrances is connected to the outside Gas cooler Outlet 50 is connected to high-voltage inlet 31, inside Gas cooler The outlet of 40 is connected to the first port and low-pressure inlet 33 of the evaporator 60, respectively, and the second port of the evaporator 60 is connected to the high-pressure outlet 32.

[0023] In the thermal management system 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, the thermal management system 100 is used in a vehicle 200, and the thermal management system 100 includes a compressor 10 and a liquid cooling system. Gas cooler 20, coaxial tube 30, and inside Gas cooler 40 and external Gas coolerThe coaxial tube 30 includes a 50 and an evaporator 60, and has a high-pressure inlet 31, a high-pressure outlet 32, a low-pressure inlet 33, and a low-pressure outlet 34, the low-pressure outlet 34 being connected to the inlet of the compressor 10, and the outlet of the compressor 10 is liquid-cooled. Gas cooler It is connected to the first connection port 21 of 20, and is liquid-cooled. Gas cooler The second connection port 22 of 20 is external Gas cooler 50 entrances and interior Gas cooler Each of the 40 entrances is connected to the outside Gas cooler Outlet 50 is connected to high-voltage inlet 31, inside Gas cooler The outlet of 40 is connected to the first port and low-pressure inlet 33 of the evaporator 60, respectively, and the second port of the evaporator 60 is connected to the high-pressure outlet 32. Thus, this heat management system 100 is applicable not only to carbon dioxide refrigerant systems but also to R134A / R1234YF / mixed refrigerants and other refrigerant systems, and is liquid-cooled. Gas cooler The use of the 20 and coaxial tube 30 improves the efficiency of heat dissipation of the refrigerant to the outside, effectively solving the problem of reduced efficiency in the cooling process of the carbon dioxide module 101. Furthermore, by using carbon dioxide as the refrigerant, the thermal management system 100 can operate stably in low-temperature environments. The coaxial tube 30 performs heat exchange between the isolated and cooled refrigerant and the refrigerant before it enters the evaporator 60, further reducing the enthalpy of the refrigerant before it enters the evaporator 60, thereby extending the performance of the evaporation section and achieving better cooling performance. Additionally, the coaxial tube 30 can improve the energy conversion efficiency in the cooling and heating processes, and liquid cooling... Gas cooler Using a coaxial tube 30 in series with 20, external Gas cooler By pre-cooling the refrigerant before entering the 50°C range, the heat dissipation of carbon dioxide is more sufficient, resulting in a more efficient cooling process.

[0024] Referring to Figure 1, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 100 further includes a first control valve 111, a second control valve 112, a third control valve 113, and a fourth control valve 114, and is liquid-cooled. Gas coolerThe second connection port 22 of 20 is connected to the first flow divider node 131, the first flow divider node 131 is connected to the first control valve 111 and the third control valve 113 respectively, and the third control valve 113 is internal Gas cooler The first control valve 111 is connected to the inlet 40, and the second diversion node 132 is connected to the external Gas cooler It is connected to the inlet 50 and the second control valve 112, respectively, the second control valve 112 is connected to the third flow divider node 133, the third flow divider node 133 is connected to the low-pressure inlet 33 and the fourth control valve 114, respectively, the fourth control valve 114 is connected to the fourth flow divider node 134, the fourth flow divider node 134 is internal Gas cooler It is connected to the outlet of 40 and the first port of the evaporator 60, respectively.

[0025] In this way, liquid cooling Gas cooler By providing a first control valve 111, a second control valve 112, a third control valve 113, a fourth control valve 114, and multiple flow diversion nodes on the rear side of 20, the direction of refrigerant flow can be controlled and adjusted, enabling different temperature control functions and ensuring that the temperature of the vehicle 200 is adjusted quickly and accurately. Gas cooler The use of 20 and coaxial tube 30 allows for control and adjustment of refrigerant pressure, enabling more effective use of carbon dioxide as a refrigerant to achieve temperature control. Additionally, multiple control valves, multiple flow dividers, and liquid cooling are available. Gas cooler The 20 and coaxial tube 30 can be integrated and modularized to form a carbon dioxide module 101, which effectively reduces the number of AC line plates and joints in the carbon dioxide module 101, thereby reducing the risk of refrigerant leakage and improving the reliability of system operation.

[0026] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, a first control valve 111, a second control valve 112, a third control valve 113, and a fourth control valve 114, a plurality of flow diversion nodes, and liquid cooling are provided. Gas coolerThe 20 and coaxial tube 30 can constitute a carbon dioxide module 101, thereby integrating and modularizing the design. The carbon dioxide module 101 of the present invention effectively reduces the number of AC line plates and joints in the carbon dioxide module 101, reducing the risk of refrigerant leakage and contributing to improved reliability of system operation.

[0027] Furthermore, the thermal management system 100 in the embodiment of the present invention can achieve different functions by realizing heat circulation management and realizing modes such as heating the passenger compartment, cooling the passenger compartment, cooling the battery, and keeping the battery warm. In the embodiment of the present invention, carbon dioxide can be used as the refrigerant to replace the conventional R134a / r1234yf refrigerant. Due to the characteristics of such a refrigerant, the saturation temperature at low pressure is low, so heat can be absorbed from the environment in very low temperature environments. Thus, there is no need to operate a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heater for auxiliary heating, and in a pure heat pump mode at -25℃, the temperature of the passenger compartment outlet can reach about 30℃, achieving rapid heating and meeting the heating demand of the entire vehicle.

[0028] Furthermore, liquid cooling Gas cooler The 20 extends the length of the heat dissipation section in the pressure-enthalpy diagram, and the coaxial tube 30 improves the energy conversion efficiency in the cooling and heating process, improves the efficiency of heat dissipation of the refrigerant to the outside, and effectively solves the problem of reduced efficiency in the cooling process of the carbon dioxide module 101. In the cooling process, the coaxial tube 30 performs heat exchange between the isolated and cooled refrigerant and the refrigerant before it enters the evaporator 60, further reducing the enthalpy of the refrigerant before it enters the evaporator 60, thereby extending the performance of the evaporator and obtaining better cooling performance. Liquid cooling Gas cooler Using a coaxial tube 30 in series with 20, external Gas coolerBy pre-cooling the refrigerant before entering 50, the heat dissipation of carbon dioxide is more sufficient, achieving a more efficient cooling process. In this way, the efficiency of the thermal management system 100 can be effectively improved (providing higher heat dissipation efficiency), and because the saturation temperature of carbon dioxide refrigerant at 1 MPa.A is -40°C, it can absorb heat from the ambient temperature in low-temperature environments, exhibiting performance far superior to that of ordinary refrigerants and realizing a heat pump cycle.

[0029] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, the specific type of refrigerant is not particularly limited, and it is applicable not only to carbon dioxide refrigerants but also to various other types of refrigerants, thus meeting different needs.

[0030] Referring to Figure 1, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 100 is internal Gas cooler The system further includes a first throttle valve 121 connected between the outlet 40 and the fourth diversion node 134.

[0031] Thus, the first throttle valve 121 can shut off and cool the refrigerant, adjust the refrigerant pressure to some extent, and adjust the low-temperature two-phase state of the refrigerant. The refrigerant is internal Gas cooler After flowing out of outlet 40, the refrigerant passes through the first throttle valve 121 to the fourth flow diversion node 134, and then flows to the fourth control valve 114 and the evaporator 60, respectively. When the thermal management system 100 is in a different mode, the open / closed state of the fourth control valve 114 is different, and the flow rate of the refrigerant controlled by the first throttle valve 121 is also different, thereby adjusting the specific flow direction and flow rate of the refrigerant and enabling different functions.

[0032] Furthermore, referring to Figure 1, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 100 includes a second throttle valve 122 connected between the second port of the evaporator 60 and the fifth flow diversion node 135, the fifth flow diversion node 135 being connected to the high-pressure outlet 32.

[0033] In this way, the second throttle valve 122 can shut off and cool the refrigerant, adjust the refrigerant pressure to some extent, and regulate the low-temperature two-phase state of the refrigerant. After the refrigerant flows out from the second port of the evaporator 60, it passes through the second throttle valve 122 to the fifth flow diversion node 135 and flows to the cooler 70 and the high-pressure outlet 32, respectively. When the thermal management system 100 is in a different mode, the flow rate of the refrigerant controlled by the second throttle valve 122 is also different, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant and achieving different functions.

[0034] Furthermore, referring to Figure 1, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 100 further includes a cooler 70, the first port of the cooler 70 being connected to a fifth flow diversion node 135 via a third throttle valve 123, and the second port of the cooler 70 being connected to a third flow diversion node 133.

[0035] In this way, the cooler 70 is used to circulate the battery coolant, and by enabling heat exchange between the battery coolant and the refrigerant, waste heat recovery is possible, saving energy and reducing power consumption.

[0036] Specifically, the first throttle valve 121, the second throttle valve 122, and the third throttle valve 123 may be used to control the flow rate of the refrigerant through the carbon dioxide module 101, to throttle and cool the refrigerant, and to control the pressure assurance of the refrigerant. In embodiments of the present invention, the specific types of the first throttle valve 121, the second throttle valve 122, and the third throttle valve 123 are not limited to satisfy different needs. For example, the first throttle valve 121, the second throttle valve 122, and the third throttle valve 123 may be electronic expansion valves, which achieve the objective of adjusting the liquid supply amount by controlling the voltage or current applied to the expansion valve using an electrical signal generated by the parameter being adjusted. A wide adjustment range and a fast adjustment response are required for the cooling liquid supply amount of a continuously variable capacity refrigeration system. Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, the specific types of the first control valve 111, the second control valve 112, the third control valve 113, and the fourth control valve 114 are not limited to satisfy different needs.

[0037] In some embodiments, multiway valves may be used instead of the first control valve 111, the second control valve 112, the third control valve 113, and the fourth control valve 114. For example, two five-way valves connected in series or an eight-way valve may be used to control the refrigerant.

[0038] Furthermore, the thermal management system 100 can realize different flow directions and different flow paths for the refrigerant in the thermal management system 100 by adjusting the opening and closing of different control valves and throttle valves, thereby enabling the thermal management system 100 to realize different modes. Of course, in different modes, the refrigerant can selectively flow through different paths to different components. In embodiments of the present invention, the coaxial pipe 30 has four ports for exchanging refrigerant with other components: a high-pressure inlet 31, a high-pressure outlet 32, a low-pressure inlet 33, and a low-pressure outlet 34. However, this does not mean that refrigerant can only enter the coaxial pipe 30 from the inlet or leave the coaxial pipe 30 from the outlet. The inlet and outlet may be controlled by valves, that is, by controlling the opening and closing of different control valves and throttle valves with valves, it may be possible to realize that the refrigerant enters the coaxial pipe 30 from the high-pressure outlet 32 ​​and the low-pressure outlet 34, and at the same time realize that the refrigerant exits the coaxial pipe 30 from the high-pressure inlet 31 and the low-pressure inlet 33. The specific flow method is not limited to meet different needs.

[0039] Referring to Figure 1, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 100 further includes a power battery 80, and the third and fourth ports of the cooler 70 are connected to the power battery 80, respectively, and the temperature of the power battery 80 is regulated by a battery coolant.

[0040] Thus, the power battery 80 is used to supply the power necessary for the normal operation of the vehicle 200. When the power battery 80 is operating, heat is generated, but the battery coolant is used to transport the heat generated from the power battery 80 to another location and dissipate it. The battery coolant flows through the cooler 70 and exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the cooler 70, thereby achieving heat recovery and reuse, and enabling different mode functions.

[0041] Referring to Figure 1, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 100 further includes a radiator 90 for cooling the battery coolant.

[0042] Thus, the radiator 90 may be located on the outside of the vehicle 200, and the battery coolant can absorb heat and become hot, then flow through the radiator 90 to release the heat, thereby enabling heat circulation and ensuring the normal operation of the power battery 80.

[0043] Referring to Figure 1, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 100 includes the radiator 90 and the external Gas cooler It further includes an outdoor fan 91 for dissipating heat from 50.

[0044] Thus, the radiator 90 and the external Gas cooler After the 50 releases heat from the battery coolant and refrigerant, the outdoor fan 91 works to quickly dissipate the heat to the outside, ensuring effective heat dissipation.

[0045] Referring to Figure 1, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 100 is liquid-cooled. Gas cooler It is connected to the third connection port 23 of 20, and the battery coolant is liquid cooled. Gas cooler Liquid cooling via the 20th fourth connection port 24 Gas cooler Further includes a water pump 25 that will be inserted into 20.

[0046] Thus, the water pump 25 liquid-cools the battery coolant. Gas cooler It can be supplied to 20, thereby enabling heat exchange between the battery coolant and the refrigerant, allowing the refrigerant to release heat into the coolant and achieving heat recovery. The water pump 25 can adjust the temperature of the cabin to a set value by adjusting the flow rate and controlling the temperature of the refrigerant.

[0047] As described above, the thermal management system 100 of the embodiment of the present invention can achieve heat recycling through each component, ensure a steady temperature in locations such as the power battery 80 and the passenger compartment, realize different functions in different modes, and ensure the comfort of the vehicle 200.

[0048] For example, referring to Figure 3, the thermal management system 100 includes a cooling mode in which the compressor 10 is started and the refrigerant is first liquid-cooled. Gas cooler The water flows through 20, and at this time, the water pump 25 does not start, and liquid cooling is performed. Gas cooler No battery coolant flows through 20, the refrigerant does not exchange heat with the battery coolant, and by opening the first control valve 111 and closing the third control valve 113 and the second control valve 112, gaseous carbon dioxide refrigerant passes through the second flow divider node 132 to the outside Gas cooler It enters 50°C and is cooled. The cooled refrigerant is then released externally. Gas cooler The refrigerant flows out from 50 and through the high-pressure inlet 31 of the coaxial tube 30, where it exchanges heat with the low-pressure, low-temperature refrigerant within the coaxial tube 30, reducing its enthalpy before flowing out from the high-pressure outlet 32 ​​of the coaxial tube 30. The third throttle valve 123 is closed and the second throttle valve 122 is opened to a certain degree, shutting off the refrigerant and cooling it. The low-temperature, two-phase refrigerant absorbs heat in the evaporator 60 to cool the passenger compartment. The fourth control valve 114 is opened and the first throttle valve 121 and the second control valve 112 are closed, allowing the low-temperature refrigerant to enter the low-pressure inlet 33 of the coaxial tube 30. After absorbing heat from the high-pressure side through contact within the coaxial tube 30, it flows out from the low-pressure outlet 34 of the coaxial tube 30 and finally returns to the compressor 10, completing the cooling cycle.

[0049] Of course, the thermal management system 100 also has other modes. For example, as shown in Figure 4, the thermal management system 100 further includes a heating mode, in which high-pressure, high-temperature refrigerant is discharged from the exhaust port of the compressor 10 and first liquid-cooled. Gas cooler Entering step 20, at this point, the water pump 25 did not start, and liquid cooling was used. Gas cooler No battery coolant flows to 20, the refrigerant does not exchange heat with the battery coolant, the first control valve 111 is closed and the third control valve 113 is opened and the refrigerant enters Gas cooler Entering the 40th year, internal Gas coolerAt 40, heat is released into the relatively cool air inside the passenger compartment, heating the compartment. The first throttle valve 121 is fully open and the fourth control valve 114 is closed, allowing the unblocked gaseous carbon dioxide refrigerant to enter the evaporator 60 and continue to release heat. At this time, the evaporator 60 is used as a condenser, the second throttle valve 122 is opened to a certain degree, blocking and cooling the refrigerant, and the third throttle valve 123 of the cooler 70 is closed, allowing the refrigerant to pass through the coaxial tube 30 and then to the outside. Gas cooler Entering the 50°C range, heat is absorbed from the air. Since the saturation temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant at a pressure of 1 MPa is -40.12°C, a large amount of heat can be absorbed from a low-temperature environment of -30°C or higher. The second control valve 112 opens and the fourth control valve 114 closes, and the low-temperature refrigerant returns to the compressor 10, completing the heating cycle.

[0050] In another example, the thermal management system 100 further includes a battery cooling mode, which is similar to a cooling cycle, and in the battery cooling mode, the refrigerant is first liquid-cooled. Gas cooler The water flows through 20, and at this time, the water pump 25 does not start, and liquid cooling is performed. Gas cooler No battery coolant flows to 20, the refrigerant does not exchange heat with the battery coolant, the third control valve 113 is closed, and gaseous carbon dioxide refrigerant is released to the outside. Gas cooler It enters the 50 and is cooled. After that, it flows through the high-pressure inlet 31 of the coaxial tube 30, exchanges heat with the low-pressure, low-temperature refrigerant within the coaxial tube 30, and after the enthalpy decreases, it flows out from the high-pressure outlet 32 ​​of the coaxial tube 30, the second throttle valve 122 is closed and the third throttle valve 123 of the cooler 70 is opened to a certain degree, the refrigerant is shut off and cooled, the low-temperature, two-phase refrigerant absorbs heat from the battery coolant in the cooler 70 and cools the battery, the second control valve 112 is closed and the fourth control valve 114 is closed, the low-temperature refrigerant enters the low-pressure inlet 33 of the coaxial tube 30, absorbs heat from the high-pressure side through contact within the coaxial tube 30, flows out from the low-pressure outlet 34 of the coaxial tube 30 and returns to the compressor 10, completing the battery cooling cycle.

[0051] In another example, the thermal management system 100 further includes a dehumidification mode, which is similar to the heating mode, and in the dehumidification mode, the refrigerant is first liquid-cooled. Gas cooler As the water flows through 20, the water pump 25 operates on a constant duty cycle, releasing the heat from the refrigerant into the battery coolant, and by adjusting the flow rate of the water pump 25, the interior of the passenger compartment Gas cooler The temperature of the refrigerant entering 40 is controlled, and finally the temperature of the dehumidified air is adjusted to reach a set value, the first throttle valve 121 is opened to a certain degree, the refrigerant is shut off and cooled, and the air is dehumidified by evaporation as it enters the evaporator 60, the second throttle valve 122 is opened to a certain degree, the refrigerant is shut off and cooled again, and after the refrigerant passes through the coaxial tube 30, to the outside Gas cooler Entering the 50, heat is absorbed from the air, the solenoid valve of the second control valve 112 opens, the solenoid valve of the fourth control valve 114 closes, the refrigerant flows through the low-pressure inlet 33 and low-pressure outlet 34 of the coaxial pipe 30, and the low-temperature refrigerant returns to the compressor 10, completing the dehumidification cycle.

[0052] In another example, the thermal management system 100 further includes a waste heat recovery mode, which is similar to the heating mode, in which high-pressure, high-temperature refrigerant is discharged from the exhaust port of the compressor 10 and first liquid-cooled. Gas cooler Entering the 20th stage, the water pump 25 does not start, the refrigerant does not exchange heat with the battery coolant, the third control valve 113 opens, and the high-temperature refrigerant enters the interior. Gas cooler Entering 40, the cabin is heated, the first throttle valve 121 is fully opened, and the unblocked gaseous carbon dioxide refrigerant enters the evaporator 60 and continues to dissipate heat. At this time, the evaporator 60 is used as a condenser, the second throttle valve 122 is opened to a certain degree, the refrigerant is blocked and cooled, and after the refrigerant passes through the coaxial tube 30, it enters the outside Gas coolerEntering the 50, heat is absorbed from the air, and since the saturation temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant at a pressure of 1 MPa is -40.12°C, a large amount of heat can be absorbed from low-temperature environments of -30°C or higher. At the same time, the third throttle valve 123 of the cooler 70 is opened to a certain degree, and the two-phase refrigerant can also absorb heat from the waste heat of the battery through the cooler 70. By using a combination of two sets of water valves, the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve, not only waste heat recovery from the battery is possible, but also heat absorption from the heat generated by the battery or active heating of the motor, or heat absorption from ambient air through the water tank. The second control valve 112 is opened and the fourth control valve 114 is closed, and after the two low-temperature refrigerant flows merge at the third flow divider node 133, they return to the compressor 10 via the coaxial pipe 30, completing the waste heat recovery cycle.

[0053] Furthermore, the thermal management system 100 of the embodiment of the present invention may have other modes and can meet different usage needs, but is not limited thereto.

[0054] Referring to Figure 2, the vehicle 200 of the embodiment of the present invention includes the thermal management system 100 of any of the embodiments described above.

[0055] In the thermal management system 100 and vehicle 200 of the embodiment of the present invention, the thermal management system 100 is used in the vehicle 200, and the thermal management system 100 includes a compressor 10 and a liquid cooling system. Gas cooler 20, coaxial tube 30, and inside Gas cooler 40 and external Gas cooler The coaxial tube 30 includes a 50 and an evaporator 60, and has a high-pressure inlet 31, a high-pressure outlet 32, a low-pressure inlet 33, and a low-pressure outlet 34, the low-pressure outlet 34 being connected to the inlet of the compressor 10, and the outlet of the compressor 10 is liquid-cooled. Gas cooler It is connected to the first connection port 21 of 20, and is liquid-cooled. Gas cooler The second connection port 22 of 20 is external Gas cooler 50 entrances and interior Gas cooler Each of the 40 entrances is connected to the outside Gas cooler Outlet 50 is connected to high-voltage inlet 31, inside Gas coolerThe outlet of 40 is connected to the first port and low-pressure inlet 33 of the evaporator 60, respectively, and the second port of the evaporator 60 is connected to the high-pressure outlet 32. Thus, this heat management system 100 is applicable not only to carbon dioxide refrigerant systems but also to R134A / R1234YF / mixed refrigerants and other refrigerant systems, and is liquid-cooled. Gas cooler The use of the 20 and coaxial tube 30 improves the efficiency of heat dissipation of the refrigerant to the outside, effectively solving the problem of reduced efficiency in the cooling process of the carbon dioxide module 101. Furthermore, by using carbon dioxide as the refrigerant, the thermal management system 100 can operate stably in low-temperature environments. The coaxial tube 30 performs heat exchange between the isolated and cooled refrigerant and the refrigerant before it enters the evaporator 60, further reducing the enthalpy of the refrigerant before it enters the evaporator 60, thereby extending the performance of the evaporation section and achieving better cooling performance. Additionally, the coaxial tube 30 can improve the energy conversion efficiency in the cooling and heating processes, and liquid cooling... Gas cooler Using a coaxial tube 30 in series with 20, external Gas cooler By pre-cooling the refrigerant before entering the 50°C range, the heat dissipation of carbon dioxide is more sufficient, resulting in a more efficient cooling process.

[0056] In embodiments of the present invention, the specific type of vehicle 200 is not particularly limited, and the vehicle 200 only needs to have the thermal management system 100 of the present invention. For example, the vehicle 200 may be an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle to meet different needs.

[0057] In the description of embodiments of the present invention, the terms “first” and “second” are used solely for illustrative purposes and should not be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features described. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such features. In the description of embodiments of the present invention, “multiple” means two or more unless otherwise specified.

[0058] In this specification, any description using terms such as “one embodiment,” “several embodiments,” “exemplary embodiments,” “examples,” “specific examples,” or “several examples” means that the specific features, structures, materials, or properties described in the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the general expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or properties described can be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0059] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and equivalents. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0060] Thermal management system 100, carbon dioxide module 101, compressor 10, liquid cooling Gas cooler 20, 1st connection port 21, 2nd connection port 22, 3rd connection port 23, 4th connection port 24, water pump 25, coaxial pipe 30, high-pressure inlet 31, high-pressure outlet 32, low-pressure inlet 33, low-pressure outlet 34, internal Gas cooler 40, external Gas cooler 50, Evaporator 60, Cooler 70, Power Battery 80, Radiator 90, Outdoor Fan 91, First Control Valve 111, Second Control Valve 112, Third Control Valve 113, Fourth Control Valve 114, First Throttle Valve 121, Second Throttle Valve 122, Third Throttle Valve 123, First Diverter Node 131, Second Diverter Node 132, Third Diverter Node 133, Fourth Diverter Node 134, Fifth Diverter Node 135, Vehicle 200.

Claims

1. A thermal management system used in vehicles, It includes a compressor, a liquid-cooled gas cooler, a coaxial tube, an internal gas cooler, an external gas cooler, and an evaporator. The coaxial tube has a high-pressure inlet, a high-pressure outlet, a low-pressure inlet, and a low-pressure outlet. The low-pressure outlet is connected to the inlet of the compressor, the outlet of the compressor is connected to the first connection port of the liquid-cooled gas cooler, the second connection port of the liquid-cooled gas cooler is connected to the inlet of the external gas cooler and the inlet of the internal gas cooler, respectively, the outlet of the external gas cooler is connected to the high-pressure inlet, the outlet of the internal gas cooler is connected to the first port of the evaporator and the low-pressure inlet, respectively, and the second port of the evaporator is connected to the high-pressure outlet. The liquid-cooled gas cooler further includes a first control valve, a second control valve, a third control valve, and a fourth control valve, wherein the second connection port of the liquid-cooled gas cooler is connected to a first flow divider node, the first flow divider node is connected to the first control valve and the third control valve, respectively, the third control valve is connected to the inlet of the internal gas cooler, the first control valve is connected to a second flow divider node, the second flow divider node is connected to the inlet of the external gas cooler and the second control valve, respectively, the second control valve is connected to a third flow divider node, the third flow divider node is connected to the low-pressure inlet and the fourth control valve, respectively, the fourth control valve is connected to a fourth flow divider node, the fourth flow divider node is connected to the outlet of the internal gas cooler and the first port of the evaporator, respectively. The evaporator includes a second throttle valve connected between the second port and the fifth flow divider node, the fifth flow divider node being connected to the high-pressure outlet. A thermal management system characterized by the following features.

2. The system further includes a first throttle valve connected between the outlet of the internal gas cooler and the fourth flow diversion node. The thermal management system according to feature 1.

3. The system further includes a cooler, the first port of which is connected to the fifth flow divider node via a third throttle valve, and the second port of which is connected to the third flow divider node. The thermal management system according to feature 1.

4. The cooler further includes a power battery, the third and fourth ports of the cooler being connected to the power battery, and the temperature of the power battery being regulated by a battery coolant. The thermal management system according to feature 3.

5. The battery coolant further includes a radiator for cooling the aforementioned battery coolant. The thermal management system according to feature 4.

6. The system further includes an outdoor fan for dissipating heat from the radiator and the external gas cooler. The thermal management system according to feature 5.

7. The system further includes a water pump connected to a third connection port of the liquid-cooled gas cooler, which causes the battery coolant to enter the liquid-cooled gas cooler via a fourth connection port of the liquid-cooled gas cooler. The thermal management system according to feature 4.

8. A thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, A vehicle characterized by the following features.

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