Anti-pollution compositions for use in crude oil production and processing

Abstract

The development of an anti-fouling composition that advantageously reduces the fouling of structural components in petroleum refinery systems, including inhibiting the deposition of solids in equipment and lines used in the production and processing of crude oil. The antifouling composition includes a phosphoric acid ester and a polyalkylene ester.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Anti-fouling compositions have been developed that advantageously reduce contamination of structural components in petroleum refining systems. These include reducing coking reactions and suppressing the accumulation of solids in equipment and lines used in crude oil production and processing. Anti-fouling compositions include phosphate esters and polyalkylene esters, polyolefin amide alkenamines, polyethylene polyamines, or polyalkylene imines. [Background technology]

[0002] Petrochemical products and their raw materials are typically heated to temperatures ranging from approximately 35°C to 550°C during processing. Furthermore, petroleum hydrocarbons used as heating fluids in heating and heat exchange systems are similarly heated to high temperatures. Such high temperatures can lead to the formation of contaminant deposits in petroleum hydrocarbons. These contaminant deposits can form deposits on the surfaces of processing and heating equipment, contaminating these surfaces.

[0003] Contaminated deposits can reduce the rate of heat transfer to crude oil or other hydrocarbon streams, potentially slowing down the throughput of heat exchangers or furnaces over time. If left untreated, contamination of the equipment can progress, obstructing the flow of crude oil through the processing equipment and piping, or clogging filter screens, valves, and traps. Thus, surface contamination can lead to increased energy costs, increased capital costs (e.g., equipment modification or replacement), and increased maintenance costs (e.g., cleaning or replacement of screens, filters, pipes, valves, traps, etc.).

[0004] Although the exact mechanism of contamination is unknown, several different components of crude oil or hydrocarbon streams may contribute to the contamination. For example, asphaltenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, coke, organic polymers, organic reaction products, inorganic silicates, inorganic salts, metal oxides, and metal sulfides are thought to contribute to the complex nature of contaminated deposits in petroleum processing. Furthermore, metal oxides and metal sulfides are thought to contribute to contamination by accelerating the oxidation rate of petroleum hydrocarbons by promoting the branching of modified chains and forming free radicals. The formed free radicals can react by oxidizing and polymerizing petroleum components to form gums, polymeric materials, and deposits. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] Due to constraints of relatively low viscosity (e.g., less than 500 centipoise) and high stability, there remains a need for effective coke-preventing and anti-pollution compositions that inhibit (i.e., reduce or prevent) contamination of structural components of petroleum refining systems exposed to hydrocarbon fluids. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] This disclosure relates to an anti-contamination composition for suppressing contamination of structural components of petroleum refining systems exposed to hydrocarbon fluids. The anti-contamination composition comprises an effective amount of a phosphate ester, an effective amount of a polyalkylene ester, a polyolefin amide alkenamine, a polyethylene polyamine, or a polyalkylene imine.

[0007] Phosphate esters may include monobasic phosphate esters, dibasic phosphate esters, or combinations thereof. Preferably, phosphate esters may include mixtures of mono(alkyl) phosphate esters and di(alkyl) phosphate esters. More preferably, mono(alkyl) phosphate esters may be mono(C1-C 12 It may contain alkyl) phosphate esters, and di(alkyl) phosphate esters are di(C1-C12 It may contain alkyl phosphate esters.

[0008] In the case of the anti-fouling compositions described herein, mono(alkyl) phosphate ester is mono(C6-C 10 It may contain alkyl) phosphate esters, and di(alkyl) phosphate esters are di(C6-C 10 Alkyl) phosphate esters may be included, preferably mono(alkyl) phosphate esters may include mono(octyl) phosphate esters, and di(alkyl) phosphate esters may include di(octyl) phosphate esters. Most preferably, mono(alkyl) phosphate esters may include mono(ethylhexyl) phosphate esters, and di(alkyl) phosphate esters may include di(ethylhexyl) phosphate esters.

[0009] In the anti-fouling compositions described herein, the polyalkylene ester may include polyalkylene succinate, polyalkylene succinate anhydride, polyalkylene succinic acid, or a combination thereof. Preferably, the polyalkylene ester may include polyethylene succinate, polyethylene succinate anhydride, polypropylene succinate, polypropylene succinate anhydride, polyisobutylene succinate, polyisobutylene succinate anhydride, polyalkylene succinic acid, or a combination thereof. More preferably, the polyalkylene ester may include polyisobutylene succinate.

[0010] In particular, polyisobutylene succinate esters can be derived from the reaction of polyisobutylene succinate anhydride with polyols.

[0011] The polyols used to prepare polyisobutylene succinate include pentaerythritol, triethanolamine, glycerol, glucose, sucrose, arabitol, erythritol, maltitol, mannitol, ribitol, sorbitol, xylitol, treitol, galactitol, isomalt, iditol, lactitol, or combinations thereof, and preferably the polyol may contain pentaerythritol.

[0012] The anti-fouling compositions described herein may contain polyalkylene esters, polyolefinamide alkenamines, polyethylene polyamines, or polyalkylene imines at concentrations of about 1% to about 99% by weight, based on the total weight of the phosphate ester and polyalkylene ester, polyolefinamide alkenamine, polyethylene polyamine, or polyalkylene imine, and phosphate esters at concentrations of about 1% to about 99% by weight. Furthermore, the anti-fouling compositions may contain polyalkylene esters at concentrations of about 50% to about 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the phosphate ester and polyalkylene ester, polyolefinamide alkenamine, polyethylene polyamine, or polyalkylene imine, and phosphate esters at concentrations of about 10% to about 50% by weight.

[0013] Preferably, the anti-contamination composition may contain polyalkylene esters at a concentration of about 65% to about 85% by weight and phosphate esters at a concentration of about 25% to about 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyalkylene esters and phosphate esters.

[0014] Methods for reducing or preventing contamination of structural components in petroleum refining systems exposed to hydrocarbon fluids are also disclosed, the methods comprising contacting the structural components with an anti-contamination composition described herein.

[0015] In a method for reducing or preventing contamination of structural components of a petroleum refining system exposed to hydrocarbon fluids, the hydrocarbon fluid may be a petrochemical fluid.

[0016] In a method for reducing or preventing contamination of structural components of a petroleum refining system exposed to hydrocarbon fluids, the petrochemical fluid may include asphaltenes, paraffins, waxes, scales, naphthenates, coke, or combinations thereof.

[0017] In the disclosed method, the anti-contamination composition can be brought into contact with a petrochemical fluid in an effective amount to disperse the asphaltene.

[0018] In the disclosed method, the anti-contamination composition can be brought into contact with a petrochemical fluid in an amount effective to prevent or reduce coke deposition.

[0019] Furthermore, the disclosed method allows the anti-pollution composition to be brought into contact with a petrochemical fluid in an amount effective for preventing or reducing the accumulation of pollutants.

[0020] In the disclosed method, the structural components of the petroleum refining system may include storage units, heat exchangers, pipes, pumps, flow meters, valves, demineralizers, furnaces, cokers, distillation columns, fractionation columns, atmospheric columns, pipe distillers, debutanizers, reactors, fluid catalytic cracking units, fluid catalytic cracking slurry precipitation units, hydrocracking units, vapor cracking units, pyrolysis units, bisbreakers, reflux units, condensers, scrubbers, or parts of a combination thereof. Preferably, the structural components may include fluid catalytic cracking units, fluid catalytic cracking slurry precipitation units, hydrocracking units, vapor cracking units, pyrolysis units, bisbreakers, or parts of a combination thereof. More preferably, the structural components may include fluid catalytic cracking units, bisbreakers, or parts of a combination thereof.

[0021] In a method for reducing or preventing contamination of structural components of a petroleum refining system exposed to hydrocarbon fluids, the effective amount of the anti-contamination composition is approximately 1 ppm to approximately 50,000 ppm, or approximately 1 ppm to approximately 500 ppm, based on the total amount of hydrocarbon fluid.

[0022] Other objects and features will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] [Figure 1] Fig. 1 is a bar graph of deposit mass (mg) for each test and comparative composition.

[0024] [Figure 2] Fig. 2 shows particle volume versus particle size for each test and comparative composition.

[0025] [Figure 3] Fig. 3 is a bar graph of total coke formation mass (mg) for each test and comparative composition.

[0026] Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings. DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

[0027] An anti-fouling composition that can be used in a method for inhibiting (e.g., reducing or preventing) fouling of structural components in a petroleum refining system exposed to hydrocarbon fluids is disclosed. The anti-fouling composition reduces deposition of fouling compounds on the surfaces of structural components of petroleum refining systems. Without being bound by any particular theory, it is believed that the components of the anti-fouling composition provide multiple mechanisms of action, wherein one component passivates the metal surface by contacting the surface of the structural component, while another component of the composition disperses components of the hydrocarbon fluid, and in particular, still other components disperse asphaltene / foulant precursors in the hydrocarbon fluid.

[0028] The anti-fouling compositions described herein can be used to suppress contamination of structural components in petroleum refining systems exposed to hydrocarbon fluids. The anti-fouling compositions comprise an effective amount of a phosphate ester and an effective amount of a polyalkylene ester, polyolefin amide alkenamine, polyethylene polyamine, or polyalkylene imine.

[0029] Phosphate esters may include monobasic phosphate esters, dibasic phosphate esters, or combinations thereof. Preferably, phosphate esters may include mixtures of mono(alkyl) phosphate esters and di(alkyl) phosphate esters. More preferably, mono(alkyl) phosphate esters may be mono(C1-C 12 It may contain alkyl) phosphate esters, and di(alkyl) phosphate esters are di(C1-C 12 It may contain alkyl phosphate esters.

[0030] In the case of the anti-fouling compositions described herein, mono(alkyl) phosphate ester is mono(C6-C 10 It may contain alkyl) phosphate esters, and di(alkyl) phosphate esters are di(C6-C 10 Alkyl) phosphate esters may be included, preferably mono(alkyl) phosphate esters may include mono(octyl) phosphate esters, and di(alkyl) phosphate esters may include di(octyl) phosphate esters. Most preferably, mono(alkyl) phosphate esters may include mono(ethylhexyl) phosphate esters, and di(alkyl) phosphate esters may include di(ethylhexyl) phosphate esters.

[0031] Preferably, the anti-contamination composition contains an effective amount of phosphate ester and an effective amount of polyalkylene ester. The polyalkylene ester may include polyalkylene succinate, polyalkylene succinate anhydride, polyalkylene succinic acid, or a combination thereof. Preferably, the polyalkylene ester may include polyethylene succinate, polyethylene succinate anhydride, polypropylene succinate, polypropylene succinate anhydride, polyisobutylene succinate, polyisobutylene succinate anhydride, polyalkylene succinic acid, or a combination thereof. More preferably, the polyalkylene ester may include polyisobutylene succinate.

[0032] In particular, polyisobutylene succinate esters can be derived from the reaction of polyisobutylene succinate anhydride with polyols.

[0033] The polyols used to prepare polyisobutylene succinate include pentaerythritol, triethanolamine, glycerol, glucose, sucrose, arabitol, erythritol, maltitol, mannitol, ribitol, sorbitol, xylitol, treitol, galactitol, isomalt, iditol, lactitol, or combinations thereof, and preferably the polyol may contain pentaerythritol.

[0034] Most preferably, polyisobutylene succinate is derived from the reaction of polyisobutylene succinate anhydride with pentaerythritol.

[0035] The anti-contamination composition may further contain a solvent. The solvent may be a hydrocarbon solvent. Preferably, the solvent is an aromatic solvent. Most preferably, the solvent is a heavy aromatic naphtha, xylene, toluene, or a combination thereof.

[0036] The anti-fouling compositions described herein may contain polyalkylene esters at a concentration of about 1% to about 99% by weight and phosphate esters at a concentration of about 1% to about 99% by weight, based on the total weight of the phosphate esters and polyalkylene esters. Furthermore, the anti-fouling compositions may contain polyalkylene esters at a concentration of about 55% to about 85% by weight and phosphate esters at a concentration of about 15% to about 45% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyalkylene esters and phosphate esters. Preferably, the anti-fouling compositions may contain polyalkylene esters at a concentration of about 65% to about 85% by weight and phosphate esters at a concentration of about 25% to about 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyalkylene esters and phosphate esters.

[0037] Furthermore, the anti-contamination compositions described herein contain polyalkylene esters in amounts of approximately 1% to approximately 99% by weight, approximately 1% to approximately 90% by weight, approximately 1% to approximately 85% by weight, approximately 1% to approximately 80% by weight, approximately 1% to approximately 75% by weight, approximately 20% to approximately 99% by weight, approximately 20% to approximately 90% by weight, approximately 20% to approximately 80% by weight, approximately 20% to approximately 75% by weight, approximately 40% to approximately 99% by weight, and approximately 4% It can exist in concentrations of 0% to approximately 90% by weight, approximately 40% to approximately 80% by weight, approximately 40% to approximately 75% by weight, approximately 60% to approximately 99% by weight, approximately 60% to approximately 90% by weight, approximately 60% to approximately 80% by weight, approximately 60% to approximately 75% by weight, approximately 65% ​​to approximately 99% by weight, approximately 65% ​​to approximately 90% by weight, approximately 65% ​​to approximately 80% by weight, or approximately 65% ​​to approximately 75% by weight. The concentration of the polyalkylene ester is based on the total weight of the phosphate ester and the polyalkylene ester.

[0038] In the anti-contamination composition, phosphate esters are present in amounts of approximately 1% to approximately 99% by weight, approximately 1% to approximately 75% by weight, approximately 1% to approximately 50% by weight, approximately 1% to approximately 40% by weight, approximately 1% to approximately 35% by weight, approximately 10% to approximately 99% by weight, approximately 10% to approximately 75% by weight, approximately 10% to approximately 50% by weight, approximately 10% to approximately 40% by weight, approximately 10% to approximately 35% by weight, and approximately 2% It can be present in concentrations of 0% to approximately 99% by weight, approximately 20% to approximately 75% by weight, approximately 20% to approximately 50% by weight, approximately 20% to approximately 40% by weight, approximately 20% to approximately 35% by weight, approximately 25% to approximately 99% by weight, approximately 25% to approximately 75% by weight, approximately 25% to approximately 50% by weight, approximately 25% to approximately 40% by weight, or approximately 25% to approximately 35% by weight. The concentration of the phosphate ester is based on the total weight of the phosphate ester and the polyalkylene ester.

[0039] Methods for reducing or preventing contamination of structural components in petroleum refining systems exposed to hydrocarbon fluids are also disclosed, the methods comprising contacting the structural components with an anti-contamination composition described herein.

[0040] In a method for reducing or preventing contamination of structural components of a petroleum refining system exposed to hydrocarbon fluids, the hydrocarbon fluid may be a petrochemical fluid.

[0041] In a method for reducing or preventing contamination of structural components of a petroleum refining system exposed to hydrocarbon fluids, the petrochemical fluid may include asphaltenes, paraffins, waxes, scales, naphthenates, coke, or combinations thereof.

[0042] In the disclosed method, the anti-contamination composition can be brought into contact with a petrochemical fluid in an effective amount to disperse the asphaltene.

[0043] In the disclosed method, the anti-contamination composition can be brought into contact with a petrochemical fluid in an amount effective to prevent or reduce coke deposition.

[0044] Furthermore, the disclosed method allows the anti-pollution composition to be brought into contact with a petrochemical fluid in an amount effective for preventing or reducing the accumulation of pollutants.

[0045] In the disclosed method, the structural components of the petroleum refining system may include storage units, heat exchangers, pipes, pumps, flow meters, valves, demineralizers, furnaces, cokers, distillation columns, fractionation columns, atmospheric columns, pipe distillers, debutanizers, reactors, fluid catalytic cracking units, fluid catalytic cracking slurry precipitation units, hydrocracking units, vapor cracking units, pyrolysis units, bisbreakers, reflux units, condensers, scrubbers, or parts of a combination thereof. Preferably, the structural components may include fluid catalytic cracking units, fluid catalytic cracking slurry precipitation units, hydrocracking units, vapor cracking units, pyrolysis units, bisbreakers, or parts of a combination thereof. More preferably, the structural components may include fluid catalytic cracking units, bisbreakers, or parts of a combination thereof.

[0046] In a method for reducing or preventing contamination of structural components of a petroleum refining system exposed to hydrocarbon fluids, the effective amount of the anti-contamination composition is approximately 1 ppm to approximately 50,000 ppm, or approximately 1 ppm to approximately 500 ppm, based on the total amount of hydrocarbon fluid.

[0047] The anti-fouling compositions may further consist substantially of polyalkylene esters and phosphate esters, as described herein. Anti-fouling compositions substantially consisting of these components have the novel property of allowing for an acceptable reduction or prevention of the deposition of contaminants in hydrocarbon fluids that come into contact with structural components of petroleum refining systems exposed to hydrocarbon fluids when used in the manner described herein.

[0048] In a method for reducing or preventing the deposition of crude oil components, the effective amount of the anti-pollution composition is, based on the total amount of hydrocarbon fluid, about 1 ppm to about 50,000 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 40,000 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 30,000 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 20,000 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 10,000 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 7,500 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 5,000 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 2,500 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 2,000 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 1,500 ppm, about 1 ppm to about 1,000 ppm, and about 1 ppm to about 5 The anti-contamination composition is available in concentrations of 00 ppm, approximately 1 ppm to approximately 100 ppm, approximately 5 ppm to approximately 50,000 ppm, approximately 5 ppm to approximately 40,000 ppm, approximately 5 ppm to approximately 30,000 ppm, approximately 5 ppm to approximately 20,000 ppm, approximately 5 ppm to approximately 10,000 ppm, approximately 5 ppm to approximately 7,500 ppm, approximately 5 ppm to approximately 5,000 ppm, approximately 5 ppm to approximately 2,500 ppm, approximately 5 ppm to approximately 2,000 ppm, approximately 5 ppm to approximately 1,500 ppm, approximately 5 ppm to approximately 1,000 ppm, approximately 5 ppm to approximately 500 ppm, or approximately 5 ppm to approximately 100 ppm. definition

[0049] As used herein, the term “alkyl” refers to a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having preferably 1 to 32 carbon atoms (i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, or 32 carbon atoms). Alkyl compounds include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, secondary butyl, and tertiary butyl. As described above, alkyl compounds may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more suitable substituents.

[0050] As used herein, the term “alkenyl” refers to a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having preferably 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, or 32 carbon atoms and one or more carbon-carbon double bonds. Examples of alkenyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl(allyl), iso-propenyl, 2-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-butenyl, and 2-butenyl. As described above, the alkenyl group may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more suitable substituents.

[0051] As used herein, the term "alkynyl" refers to a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, or 32 carbon atoms and one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds. Examples of alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, propynyl, and butynyl. As described above, the alkynyl group may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more suitable substituents.

[0052] As used herein, the term “alkoxy” refers to an alkyl group, as defined herein, that is attached to the parent molecule via an oxygen atom.

[0053] As used herein, the term “aryl” means monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic aromatic radicals such as phenyl, naphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, and indanyl, which are optionally substituted with one or more suitable substituents, preferably 1 to 5 suitable substituents, as described above.

[0054] As used herein, the term "arylalkyl" refers to an aryl group bonded to the parent molecule via an alkyl group. As described above, the arylalkyl group may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more preferred substituents.

[0055] As used herein, the term “cycloalkyl” refers to monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic carbocyclic radicals (e.g., cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl, bicyclo[3.2.1]octanyl, and bicyclo[5.2.0]nonanyl) that optionally contain one or two double bonds. As described above, cycloalkyl groups may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more suitable substituents, preferably 1 to 5 suitable substituents.

[0056] As used herein, the terms "halo" or "halogen" refer to fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo radicals.

[0057] As used herein, the term "heteroaryl" refers to a monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic aromatic heterocyclic group containing one or more heteroatoms (e.g., 1 to 3 heteroatoms) selected from O, S, and N within the ring. Examples of heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridadinyl, thienyl, furyl, imidazolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl (e.g., 1,3-oxazolyl, 1,2-oxazolyl), thiazolyl (e.g., 1,2-thiazolyl, 1,3-thiazolyl), pyrazolyl, tetrazolyl, triazolyl (e.g., 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl), oxadiazolyl (e.g., 1,2,3-oxadiazolyl), thiadiazolyl (e.g., 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl), quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzothienyl, benzofuryl, and indolyl. As described above, the heteroaryl group may be unsubstituted, or it may be substituted with one or more suitable substituents, preferably 1 to 5 suitable substituents.

[0058] As used herein, the terms “heterocyclic” or “heterocyclyl” refer to monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic groups containing one to four heteroatoms selected from N, O, S(O)n, P(O)n, PRZ, NH, or NRZ, wherein RZ is an appropriate substituent. Heterocyclic groups optionally contain one or two double bonds. Examples of heterocyclic groups include, but are not limited to, azetidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, imidazolidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, oxazolidinyl, thiazolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, thiomorpholinyl, tetrahydrothiadinyl, tetrahydrothiadinyl, tetrahydrothiadinyl, morpholinyl, oxetanyl, tetrahydrodiadinyl, oxazinyl, oxathiadinyl, indolinyl, isoindolinyl, quinuclidinyl, chromanil, isochromanil, and benzoxazinyl. Examples of monocyclic saturated or partially saturated ring systems include tetrahydrofuran-2-yl, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, imidazolidine-1-yl, imidazolidine-2-yl, imidazolidine-4-yl, pyrrolidine-1-yl, pyrrolidine-2-yl, pyrrolidine-3-yl, piperidine-1-yl, piperidine-2-yl, piperidine-3-yl, piperazine-1-yl, piperazine-2-yl, piperazine-3-yl, 1,3-oxazolidine-3-yl, and isothia. These include zolidin, 1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl, 1,2-pyrazolidin-2-yl, 1,3-pyrazolidin-1-yl, thiomorpholin-yl, 1,2-tetrahydrothiadin-2-yl, 1,3-tetrahydrothiadin-3-yl, tetrahydrothiadiazine-yl, morpholin-yl, 1,2-tetrahydrodiazine-2-yl, 1,3-tetrahydrodiazine-1-yl, 1,4-oxazin-2-yl, and 1,2,5-oxathiadin-4-yl. The heterocyclic group may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more suitable substituents, preferably one to three suitable substituents as defined above.

[0059] As used herein, the term "hydroxy" refers to the -OH group.

[0060] As used herein, the terms “comprise,” “include,” “having,” “has,” “can,” “contain,” and their variations are intended to be unrestricted transitional phrases, terms, or words that do not preclude the possibility of additional actions or structures. The singular forms “a,” “and,” and “the” include multiple referents unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. This disclosure also contemplates other embodiments that “include,” “consist of,” and “essentially consist of,” the embodiments or elements presented herein, whether expressly described or not.

[0061] Having described the present invention in detail, it will be clear that modifications and changes are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. [Examples]

[0062] The following non-limiting embodiments are provided to further illustrate the present invention.

[0063] The ability of the disclosed invention to suppress contaminant formation was evaluated using Nalco Champion's pyrolysis simulation unit (PSU). The amount of contaminant deposition was determined by measuring the weight increase of the SS304 mesh when the contaminants formed deposits. [Table 1]

[0064] Slurry samples from a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) apparatus were thermally decomposed under the conditions shown in the table above. Contaminant deposition on the PSU surface was measured by gravimetric analysis. Figure 1 shows a comparison of the coke resistance effects of a new formulation (labeled Test Compound A or Test Matrix A) and two comparative compositions (labeled Comparative Compounds 1 and 2). The x-axis indicates the additives used in the test. A "blank" test means that no additives were used and only the FCC slurry was thermally decomposed. The results show that Test Compound A exhibits superior coke resistance and deposition performance compared to the two comparative compositions.

[0065] Particle size distribution analysis was performed on the pyrolysis slurry sample. Figure 2 shows the distribution of particle volume versus particle size. Test matrix A (new formulation) minimized particle size (e.g., reduced particle growth).

[0066] The total coke formation in the bulk liquid was calculated using particle size distribution analysis results. Figure 3 shows the total amount of coke in the bulk liquid. In parallel with the results in Figure 2, test matrix A (new formulation) minimized the overall coke / particle formation in the pyrolysis slurry.

[0067] When introducing elements of the present invention or its preferred embodiments, the articles "a," "an," "the," and "said" are intended to indicate the presence of one or more of the elements. The terms "comprising," "including," and "having" are intended to be comprehensive and to indicate that additional elements other than those listed therein may exist.

[0068] In light of the above, it will be clear that several objectives of the present invention are achieved, and other beneficial results are obtained.

[0069] Since various modifications can be made to the above compounds and methods without departing from the scope of the present invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. Examples of embodiments of the present disclosure are listed in the following items [1] to

[27] . [1] An anti-contamination composition for suppressing contamination of structural components of petroleum refining systems exposed to hydrocarbon fluids, An effective amount of phosphate ester, An effective amount of polyalkylene ester, polyolefin amide alkenamine, polyethylene polyamine, or polyalkyleneimine, An anti-pollution composition containing the following. [2] The anti-pollution composition according to claim 1, wherein the phosphate ester comprises a monobasic phosphate ester, a dibasic phosphate ester, or a combination thereof. [3] The anti-contamination composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the phosphate ester comprises a mixture of a mono(alkyl) phosphate ester and a di(alkyl) phosphate ester. [4] The aforementioned mono(alkyl) phosphate ester is mono(C 1 -C 12 The anti-contamination composition according to claim 3, comprising an alkyl) phosphate ester. [5] The aforementioned di(alkyl) phosphate ester is di(C) 1 -C 12 The anti-contamination composition according to claim 3, comprising an alkyl) phosphate ester. [6] The aforementioned mono(alkyl) phosphate ester is mono(C 6 -C 10 The di(alkyl)phosphate ester comprises a di(C)phosphate ester. 6 -C 10 The anti-contamination composition according to claim 3, comprising an alkyl) phosphate ester. [7] The anti-fouling composition according to claim 3, wherein the mono(alkyl) phosphate ester comprises a mono(octyl) phosphate ester, and the di(alkyl) phosphate ester comprises a di(octyl) phosphate ester. [8] The anti-contamination composition according to claim 3, wherein the mono(alkyl) phosphate ester comprises a mono(ethylhexyl) phosphate ester, and the di(alkyl) phosphate ester comprises a di(ethylhexyl) phosphate ester. [9] The anti-fouling composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising a polyalkylene ester, wherein the polyalkylene ester comprises a polyalkylene succinate, a polyalkylene succinate anhydride, a polyalkylene succinic acid, or a combination thereof.

[10] The anti-contamination composition according to claim 9, wherein the polyalkylene ester comprises polyethylene succinate, polyethylene succinic anhydride, polypropylene succinate, polypropylene succinic anhydride, polyisobutylene succinate, polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, polyalkylene succinic acid, or a combination thereof.

[11] The anti-contamination composition according to claim 9, wherein the polyalkylene ester comprises polyisobutylene succinate.

[12] The anti-contamination composition according to claim 11, wherein the polyisobutylene succinate ester is derived from the reaction of polyisobutylene succinate anhydride with a polyol.

[13] The anti-pollution composition according to claim 12, wherein the polyol comprises pentaerythritol, triethanolamine, glycerol, glucose, sucrose, arabitol, erythritol, maltitol, mannitol, ribitol, sorbitol, xylitol, treitol, galactitol, isomalt, iditol, lactitol, or a combination thereof.

[14] The anti-contamination composition according to claim 12, wherein the polyol comprises pentaerythritol.

[15] The anti-fouling composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein, based on the total weight of the polyalkylene ester and the phosphate ester, the polyalkylene ester is present in a concentration of about 1% to about 99% by weight, and the phosphate ester is present in a concentration of about 1% to about 99% by weight.

[16] The anti-fouling composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein, based on the total weight of the polyalkylene ester and the phosphate ester, the polyalkylene ester is present at a concentration of about 50% to about 90% by weight, and the phosphate ester is present at a concentration of about 10% to about 50% by weight.

[17] A method for reducing or preventing contamination of structural components in a petroleum refining system exposed to hydrocarbon fluids, comprising contacting the structural components with an effective amount of an anti-contamination composition according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

[18] Use of the anti-contamination composition according to any one of claims 1 to 16 to suppress contamination of structural components of a petroleum refining system exposed to hydrocarbon fluids.

[19] The method according to claim 17 or the use according to claim 18, wherein the hydrocarbon fluid is a petrochemical fluid.

[20] The method or use according to claim 19, wherein the petrochemical fluid includes asphaltenes, paraffins, waxes, scales, naphthenates, cokes, or combinations thereof.

[21] The method or use according to claim 20, wherein the anti-contamination composition is brought into contact with the petrochemical fluid in an effective amount to disperse the asphaltene.

[22] The method or use according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the anti-contamination composition is brought into contact with the structural component in an amount effective for preventing or reducing coke buildup.

[23] The method or use according to any one of claims 17 to 22, wherein the structural components include a storage unit, a heat exchanger, pipes, a pump, a flow meter, a valve, a desalination unit, a furnace, a coker, a distillation column, a fractional distillation column, an atmospheric pressure column, a pipe distiller, a debutanizer, a reactor, a fluid catalytic cracking unit, a fluid catalytic cracking slurry precipitation unit, a hydrocracking unit, a vapor cracking unit, a pyrolysis unit, a bisbreaker, a reflux unit, a condenser, a scrubber, or a part of a combination thereof.

[24] The method or use according to claim 23, wherein the structural components include a fluid catalytic cracking apparatus, a fluid catalytic cracking slurry sedimentation apparatus, a hydrocracking apparatus, a steam cracking apparatus, a pyrolysis apparatus, a bis-breaker, or a combination thereof.

[25] The method or use according to claim 23, wherein the structural component includes part of a fluid catalytic cracking apparatus, a bis breaker, or a combination thereof.

[26] The method or use according to any one of claims 17 to 25, wherein the effective amount of the anti-contamination composition is about 1 ppm to about 50,000 ppm based on the total amount of hydrocarbon fluid.

[27] The method or use according to claim 26, wherein the effective amount of the anti-contamination composition is about 1 ppm to about 500 ppm.

Claims

1. An anti-contamination composition for suppressing contamination of structural components of petroleum refining systems exposed to hydrocarbon fluids, A mixture of mono(alkyl) phosphate esters and di(alkyl) phosphate esters, containing an effective amount of phosphate ester, An effective amount of polyalkylene ester containing polyisobutylene succinate, An anti-pollution composition containing the following.

2. The aforementioned mono(alkyl) phosphate ester is mono(C １ -C １２ The anti-contamination composition according to claim 1, comprising an alkyl phosphate ester.

3. The aforementioned di(alkyl) phosphate ester is di(C) １ -C １２ The anti-contamination composition according to claim 1, comprising an alkyl phosphate ester.

4. The aforementioned mono(alkyl) phosphate ester is mono(C ６ -C １０ The di(alkyl) phosphate ester comprises a di(C) phosphate ester, and the di(alkyl) phosphate ester is di(C) ６ -C １０ The anti-contamination composition according to claim 1, comprising an alkyl phosphate ester.

5. The anti-contamination composition according to claim 1, wherein the mono(alkyl) phosphate ester comprises a mono(octyl) phosphate ester, and the di(alkyl) phosphate ester comprises a di(octyl) phosphate ester.

6. The anti-contamination composition according to claim 1, wherein the mono(alkyl) phosphate ester comprises a mono(ethylhexyl) phosphate ester, and the di(alkyl) phosphate ester comprises a di(ethylhexyl) phosphate ester.

7. The anti-fouling composition according to claim 1, wherein the polyisobutylene succinate ester is derived from the reaction of polyisobutylene succinate anhydride with a polyol.

8. The anti-pollution composition according to claim 7, wherein the polyol comprises pentaerythritol, triethanolamine, glycerol, glucose, sucrose, arabitol, erythritol, maltitol, mannitol, ribitol, sorbitol, xylitol, treitol, galactitol, isomalt, iditol, lactitol, or a combination thereof.

9. The anti-contamination composition according to claim 7, wherein the polyol comprises pentaerythritol.

10. The anti-contamination composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, based on the total weight of the polyalkylene ester and the phosphate ester, the polyalkylene ester is present in a concentration of 1% to 99% by weight, and the phosphate ester is present in a concentration of 1% to 99% by weight.

11. The anti-contamination composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, based on the total weight of the polyalkylene ester and the phosphate ester, the polyalkylene ester is present at a concentration of 50% to 90% by weight, and the phosphate ester is present at a concentration of 10% to 50% by weight.

12. A method for reducing or preventing contamination of structural components in a petroleum refining system exposed to hydrocarbon fluids, comprising contacting the structural components with an effective amount of an anti-contamination composition according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. Use of the anti-contamination composition according to any one of claims 1 to 11 for suppressing contamination of structural components of a petroleum refining system exposed to hydrocarbon fluids.

14. The method according to claim 12 or the use according to claim 13, wherein the hydrocarbon fluid is a petrochemical fluid.

15. The method or use according to claim 14, wherein the petrochemical fluid includes asphaltenes, paraffins, waxes, scales, naphthenates, cokes, or combinations thereof.

16. The method or use according to claim 14, wherein the anti-contamination composition is brought into contact with the petrochemical fluid in an effective amount to disperse the asphaltene.

17. The method or use according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the anti-contamination composition is brought into contact with the structural component in an amount effective for preventing or reducing coke buildup.

18. The method or use according to any one of claims 12 to 17, wherein the structural components include a storage unit, a heat exchanger, pipes, pumps, flow meters, valves, desalination equipment, furnaces, cokers, distillation columns, fractionation columns, atmospheric pressure columns, pipe distillers, debutanizers, reactors, fluid catalytic cracking units, fluid catalytic cracking slurry precipitation units, hydrocracking units, vapor cracking units, pyrolysis units, bis-breakers, reflux units, condensers, scrubbers, or a portion of a combination thereof.

19. The method or use according to claim 18, wherein the structural components include a fluid catalytic cracking apparatus, a fluid catalytic cracking slurry sedimentation apparatus, a hydrocracking apparatus, a steam cracking apparatus, a pyrolysis apparatus, a bis-breaker, or a combination thereof.

20. The method or use according to claim 18, wherein the structural components include a fluid catalytic cracking apparatus, a screw breaker, or a combination thereof.

21. The method or use according to any one of claims 12 to 20, wherein the effective amount of the anti-contamination composition is 1 ppm to 50,000 ppm based on the total amount of hydrocarbon fluid.

22. The method or use according to claim 21, wherein the effective amount of the anti-contamination composition is 1 ppm to 500 ppm.

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