Terminals, base stations, and communication methods

Abstract

A terminal according to the present invention comprises: a control unit that determines a size of a frequency resource of a downlink control channel to which a single-carrier waveform is to be applied; and a reception unit that receives information via the downlink control channel by assuming a frequency resource of said size.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a terminal, base station, and communication method in a wireless communication system. [Background technology]

[0002] In NR (New Radio) (also known as "5G"), the successor system to LTE (Long Term Evolution), technologies are being considered that meet requirements such as a large-capacity system, high-speed data transmission, low latency, simultaneous connection of many terminals, low cost, and low power consumption (for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

[0003] Furthermore, future networks (e.g., 6G) are expected to utilize even higher frequencies than 5G to further improve communication speed, capacity, reliability, and latency performance. For example, it is anticipated that bandwidths above 71GHz (e.g., sub-THz bands such as 100GHz to 300GHz) will be used. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0004] [Non-Patent Document 1] 3GPP TS 38.300 V15.13.0 (2021-06) [Non-Patent Document 2] 3GPP TS 38.211 V15.10.0 (2021-12) [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] In the high-frequency band, it is desirable to apply a single-carrier waveform (which can also be called the modulation scheme) as the DL (downlink) waveform. Furthermore, since the control channel is important for communication, it is particularly desirable to realize communication using a DL control channel that applies a single-carrier waveform.

[0006] However, in the prior art disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 and other documents, for DL, only channels / signals to which multicarrier waveforms are applied are specified.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technology for realizing communication using a DL control channel to which a single carrier waveform is applied. [Means for Solving the Problem]

[0008] According to the disclosed technology, the size of frequency resources of a downlink control channel to which a single carrier waveform is applied , and the starting position of the frequency resource indicated by the offset from the reference point a control unit that determines said size and the starting position a receiving unit that assumes the frequency resources of and receives information via the downlink control channel, a terminal comprising is provided. [Effect of the Invention]

[0009] According to the disclosed technology, a technology for realizing communication using a DL control channel to which a single carrier waveform is applied is provided. [Brief Description of the Drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] It is a figure for explaining the radio communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is a figure for explaining the radio communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] It is a figure for explaining processing in single carrier waveforms and multicarrier waveforms. [Figure 4] It is a figure showing an example of a sequence. [Figure 5] It is a figure showing an example of a table in the third embodiment. [Figure 6] It is a figure showing an example of a table in the fourth embodiment. [Figure 7]It is a diagram showing an example of a table in the fifth embodiment. [Figure 8] It is a diagram showing an example of a table in the fifth embodiment. [Figure 9] It is a diagram showing an example of mapping in the fifth embodiment. [Figure 10] It is a diagram showing an example of mapping in the fifth embodiment. [Figure 11] It is a diagram showing an example of mapping in the fifth embodiment. [Figure 12] It is a diagram showing an example of mapping in the fifth embodiment. [Figure 13] It is a diagram showing an example of mapping in the fifth embodiment. [Figure 14] It is a diagram showing an example of mapping in the fifth embodiment. [Figure 15] It is a diagram showing an example of mapping in the fifth embodiment. [Figure 16] It is a diagram showing an example of mapping in the fifth embodiment. [Figure 17] It is a diagram showing an example of mapping in the fifth embodiment. [Figure 18] It is a diagram showing a configuration example of the base station 10. [Figure 19] It is a diagram showing a configuration example of the terminal 20. [Figure 20] It is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the base station 10 or the terminal 20 in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 21] It is a diagram showing a configuration example of a vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below are merely examples, and embodiments to which the present invention is applied are not limited to the following embodiments.

[0012] In the operation of the wireless communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention, existing technologies may be used as appropriate. However, such existing technologies may include, for example, existing LTE or existing NR, but are not limited to existing LTE or NR.

[0013] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention described below, terms such as MIB, SSB, DCI, MAC, and RRC, which are used in existing NRs, are used for convenience of description, and similar signals, functions, etc., may be called by other names.

[0014] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, the duplex method may be a TDD (Time Division Duplex) method, an FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) method, or any other method (for example, a Flexible Duplex).

[0015] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, "configuring" wireless parameters may mean that predetermined values ​​are pre-configured, or that wireless parameters notified from the base station 10 or terminal 20 are configured.

[0016] Figure 1 shows an example configuration (1) of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a base station 10 and a terminal 20, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 shows one base station 10 and one terminal 20, but this is an example, and there may be multiple base stations 10 and terminals 20.

[0017] Base station 10 is a communication device that provides one or more cells and communicates wirelessly with terminal 20. The physical resources of the radio signal are defined in the time domain and the frequency domain. The time domain may be defined by the number of OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, and the frequency domain may be defined by the number of subcarriers or resource blocks. Base station 10 transmits synchronization signals and system information to terminal 20. Synchronization signals are, for example, NR-PSS and NR-SSS. System information is transmitted, for example, in NR-PBCH and is also called broadcast information. Synchronization signals and system information may be called SSB (SS / PBCH block). SSB may be called a synchronization signal or a synchronization signal block. As shown in Figure 1, base station 10 transmits control signals or data to terminal 20 via DL (Downlink) and receives control signals or data from terminal 20 via UL (Uplink). Both base station 10 and terminal 20 are capable of transmitting and receiving signals using beamforming. Furthermore, both the base station 10 and the terminal 20 can apply MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) communication to DL or UL. Also, both the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may communicate via secondary cells (SCell) and primary cells (PCell) using CA (Carrier Aggregation). Additionally, the terminal 20 may communicate via the primary cell of base station 10 and the primary secondary cell group cell (PSCell) of another base station 10 using DC (Dual Connectivity).

[0018] Terminal 20 is a communication device equipped with wireless communication capabilities, such as a smartphone, mobile phone, tablet, wearable device, IoT device, or M2M (Machine-to-Machine) communication module. As shown in Figure 1, Terminal 20 receives control signals or data from the base station 10 via DL and transmits control signals or data to the base station 10 via UL, thereby utilizing various communication services provided by the wireless communication system. Terminal 20 also receives various reference signals transmitted from the base station 10 and performs propagation path quality measurements based on the reception results of these reference signals.

[0019] Terminal 20 is capable of performing carrier aggregation, which involves bundling multiple cells (multiple CCs (Component Carriers)) together to communicate with base station 10. Carrier aggregation uses one PCell (Primary cell) and one or more SCells (Secondary cells). In addition, a PUCCH-SCell with a PUCCH may be used.

[0020] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example (2) of a wireless communication system in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 shows an example configuration of a wireless communication system when DC (Dual connectivity) is performed. As shown in Figure 2, a base station 10A that acts as an MN (Master Node) and a base station 10B that acts as an SN (Secondary Node) are provided. Base stations 10A and 10B are each connected to the core network. Terminal 20 can communicate with both base station 10A and base station 10B.

[0021] A cell group provided by base station 10A, which is the MN (Mobile Network Unit), is called an MCG (Master Cell Group), and a cell group provided by base station 10B, which is the SN (Stationary Network Unit), is called an SCG (Secondary Cell Group). In a data center, an MCG consists of one PCell and one or more SCells, and an SCG consists of one PSCell (Primary SCG Cell) and one or more SCells.

[0022] The processing operations in this embodiment may be performed using the system configuration shown in Figure 1, the system configuration shown in Figure 2, or any other system configuration. In this specification, unless otherwise specified, or unless it is clear from the context that it has a different meaning, " / " means "or".

[0023] (Regarding the issues) As mentioned earlier, future networks (e.g., 6G) are expected to utilize even higher frequencies than 5G in order to further improve communication speed, capacity, reliability, and latency performance. For example, it is anticipated that bandwidths of 71GHz and above (e.g., sub-THz bands such as 100GHz to 300GHz) will be used.

[0024] The high-frequency bands described above have, for example, the following characteristics (1) to (4).

[0025] (1) Wide bandwidth available (2) Because radio waves have high directivity, frequency selectivity is low. (3) Large pass loss (4) Large Doppler shift When using conventional multi-carrier modulation schemes (e.g., CP-OFDM) for signal transmission and reception, a high PAPR (Peak to average power ratio) is a problem.

[0026] Based on the characteristics of the high-frequency band described above, the advantages of multi-carrier modulation (such as being less susceptible to channel fluctuations when frequency selectivity is high) are small in the high-frequency band. Therefore, it is preferable to use single-carrier modulation schemes (e.g., DFT-s-OFDM, pure single carrier) in the high-frequency band.

[0027] However, in conventional NR (Noise Reduction) systems, single-carrier modulation can be used in UL (Ultra-Low) mode, but multi-carrier modulation is used in DL (Deep-Low) mode, and single-carrier modulation is not used.

[0028] In particular, the control channel is crucial for proper communication, but the design of the DL control channel is not clearly defined in conventional technology. Therefore, this embodiment describes the design (configuration, operation, etc.) of the DL control channel to which the single-carrier modulation scheme is applied.

[0029] In the following, multi-carrier modulation schemes will be referred to as multi-carrier waveforms, and single-carrier modulation schemes as single-carrier waveforms. Note that both single-carrier modulation schemes and single-carrier waveforms may also be referred to as DFT-s-OFDM, Pure single carrier, or transform precoding.

[0030] (Regarding the assumptions of this embodiment) This embodiment assumes NSA (Non-Stand Alone) operation. Specifically, it assumes a CA (component conversion) between a Sub-THz band CC (component carrier) that can use a single-carrier waveform in DL (Digital Light) and a CC (component carrier) of NR (Noise Reduction) that uses a multi-carrier waveform in DL. Furthermore, to maintain compatibility with NR, the slot format of the DL single-carrier waveform CC is assumed to match that of NR.

[0031] However, the technology relating to this embodiment is not limited to the above assumptions. The CC of the DL single-carrier waveform may be operated independently of the NR. Furthermore, the slot format of the CC of the DL single-carrier waveform may be determined independently of the slot format of the CC in the NR.

[0032] The following describes the first to fifth embodiments. Each of the first to fifth embodiments may be implemented individually, or any multiple embodiments may be combined, or all embodiments may be combined. In addition, the DL control channel in the following description is assumed to be a PDCCH, but is not limited to a PDCCH.

[0033] In the first to fifth embodiments described below, the frequency band to which the DL control channel to which a single-carrier waveform is applied is assumed to be a high-frequency band of 71 GHz or higher (e.g., a sub-THz band such as 100 GHz to 300 GHz), but is not limited to this assumption. For example, a downlink control channel to which a single-carrier waveform is applied may be used in a frequency band lower than the said high-frequency band.

[0034] Figure 3 shows the processing details (processing blocks) at the base station 10 for multi-carrier and single-carrier waveforms, which are common to the first to fifth embodiments. Figure 3(a) shows the processing when transmitting a DL control channel to which a multi-carrier waveform is applied. The transmission data is mapped to a resource, an IFFT is performed, a CP is inserted, and transmission is performed.

[0035] Figure 3(b) shows the processing when transmitting a DL control channel with a single-carrier waveform applied. Compared to Figure 3(a), it differs from the multi-carrier waveform processing in that transform precoding is added before resource mapping.

[0036] Transform precoding involves spreading the transmitted data to reduce PAPR (Percentage-Assisted Restriction). Transform precoding is equivalent to DFT (Digital Fourier Transform).

[0037] In both the case of multi-carrier and single-carrier waveforms, the receiving side (the terminal 20 that receives information on the DL control channel) acquires the information by performing the reverse processing of the processes shown in Figures 3(a) and (b).

[0038] Furthermore, while the first to fifth embodiments focus on DL control channels, the information described below for DL ​​control channels (including PDCCH) may also be applied to other DL channels or DL ​​signals.

[0039] (First Embodiment) First, the first embodiment will be described. In the first embodiment, the determination (which may also be called the criterion) of whether or not to apply a single-carrier waveform to the DL control channel will be described. In the first embodiment, there are the following options 1 to 4 as operational options, and each of them will be described. Any combination of any or more of the following options 1 to 4 may be implemented. Furthermore, which of options 1 to 4 to apply may be specified in the specifications, or it may be set / notified from the base station 10 to the terminal 20.

[0040] In this embodiment, when "setting / notifying information from the base station 10 to the terminal 20," unless otherwise specified, the method for setting / notifying the information may be one of MIB, SIB, RRC, MAC CE, or DCI, or any combination of these may be used. When using a combination of multiple methods, for example, multiple pieces of information may be set / notified from the base station 10 to the terminal 20 using RRC, and then one of these pieces of information may be activated using MAC CE or DCI. The terminal 20 uses the activated information.

[0041] <Option 1> In Option 1, a single-carrier waveform is always applied to all DL control channels (e.g., PDCCH) in the high-frequency band assumed in this embodiment (e.g., referred to as the frequency range FRx).

[0042] For example, when base station 10 transmits information (specifically control information) to terminal 20 on a DL control channel in the FRx carrier (which may also be CC), it uses a single-carrier waveform DL control channel. Also, when terminal 20 receives information from base station 10 on a DL control channel in the FRx carrier (which may also be CC), it assumes that the information is being transmitted on a single-carrier waveform DL control channel and receives the information on that DL control channel.

[0043] In this specification, "transmitting information via the DL control channel" / "receiving information via the DL control channel" may be rephrased as "transmitting via the DL control channel" / "receiving via the DL control channel," "transmitting a signal via the DL control channel" / "receiving a signal via the DL control channel," etc.

[0044] <Option 2> In Option 2, a single-carrier waveform is always applied to only one or more specific DL control channels. These specific PDCCHs are, for example, a group-common PDCCH or a UE-specific PDCCH, or both a group-common PDCCH and a UE-specific PDCCH. Option 2 may be applied only to the high-frequency band (FRx) assumed in this embodiment, or to frequency bands other than the high-frequency band (FRx).

[0045] For example, when base station 10 transmits information to terminal 20 using a group-common PDCCH (or UE-specific PDCCH), it decides to use a single-carrier waveform group-common PDCCH (or UE-specific PDCCH) and transmits the information using that group-common PDCCH (or UE-specific PDCCH).

[0046] When terminal 20 receives information from base station 10 using a group-common PDCCH (or UE-specific PDCCH), it determines that a single-carrier waveform group-common PDCCH (or UE-specific PDCCH) is being used, and assumes that a single-carrier waveform group-common PDCCH (or UE-specific PDCCH) is being used, and receives information on that channel.

[0047] <Option 3> In Option 3, it is determined whether a single-carrier waveform is applied to the DL control channel depending on the speed (or velocity) at which terminal 20 is moving. For example, if base station 10 detects that the speed of terminal 20 is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, it transmits information to terminal 20 using a multi-carrier waveform DL control channel. If base station 10 detects that the speed of terminal 20 is less than the threshold, it transmits information to terminal 20 using a single-carrier waveform DL control channel.

[0048] Furthermore, when terminal 20 detects that its speed is above a predetermined threshold, it receives information from base station 10 in a multi-carrier waveform DL control channel. When terminal 20 detects that its speed is below the threshold, it receives information from base station 10 in a single-carrier waveform DL control channel.

[0049] In addition, in Option 3, the single-carrier waveform and the multi-carrier waveform may be swapped when making decisions based on the threshold.

[0050] <Option 4> In Option 4, whether or not to apply a single-carrier waveform to the DL control channel is set / notified from the base station 10 to the terminal 20 via MIB or RRC signaling. For example, MIB is used when terminal 20 is in the RRC IDLE / INACTIVE / CONNECTED state. Alternatively, RRC signaling is used when terminal 20 is in the RRC CONNECTED state.

[0051] An example of the sequence in Option 4 is shown in Figure 4. In S101, the base station 10 transmits information to the terminal 20 via RRC signaling / MIB indicating whether or not a single-carrier waveform is applied to the DL control channel. Based on the information received from the base station 10, the terminal 20 determines whether or not a single-carrier waveform is applied to the DL control channel transmitted from the base station 10.

[0052] The information indicating whether or not to apply a single-carrier waveform to the DL control channel may also be information indicating whether or not to perform transform precoding.

[0053] For more detailed examples, see options 4-1 and 4-2 below. Options 4-1 and 4-2 assume the use of group-common PDCCH / UE-specific PDCCH as in option 2 above.

[0054] <Option 4-1> In Option 4-1, information on whether or not to apply a single-carrier waveform is set / notified to the terminal 20 from the base station 10 via RRC signaling, separately for group-common DCI (group-common PDCCH) and UE-specific DCI (UE-specific PDCCH).

[0055] <Option 4-2> In option 4-2, information on whether or not to apply a single-carrier waveform is set / notified to the terminal 20 from the base station 10 via RRC signaling, jointly with the group-common DCI (group-common PDCCH) and UE-specific DCI (UE-specific PDCCH).

[0056] According to the first embodiment described above, it is possible to clearly determine whether or not a single-carrier waveform is applied to the DL control channel.

[0057] (Second Embodiment) Next, a second embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment, transform precoding for the DL control channel, which is performed at the base station 10, will be described. The terminal 20 receives (decodes) the information transmitted on the DL control channel, assuming that such transform precoding is being performed. The process described below is basically equivalent to the Transform precoding in UL disclosed in Non-Patent Document 2, but with DL replaced.

[0058] If transform precoding is not applied (when transform precoding is not enabled), base station 10 assumes y(i) = x(i).

[0059] When base station 10 applies transform precoding, the block of complex-valued symbols is x(0),...,x(M symb For -1), perform transform precoding as follows.

[0060]

number

[0061] Regarding whether or not to apply transform precoding, the first embodiment can be applied.

[0062] According to the technology of the second embodiment, a DL control channel to which a single-carrier waveform is applied can be specifically realized.

[0063] (Third embodiment) In the third embodiment, the structure of the DL control channel (here, PDCCH is used as an example) will be described.

[0064] When a multi-carrier waveform is applied, the PDCCH has one or more control channel elements (CCEs). Specifically, the number of CCEs per PDCCH is determined by the aggregation level applied to the PDCCH, as shown in the table in Figure 5.

[0065] For example, if base station 10 transmits PDCCH at aggregation level 2, the number of CCEs in PDCCH will be 2. Terminal 20 receives (decodes) PDCCH (DCI) assuming each aggregation level (corresponding number of CCEs).

[0066] Note that the values ​​shown in Figure 5 are merely examples. Other values ​​may also be used.

[0067] More specifically, a control channel element consists of X resource element groups (REGs). One resource element group is equivalent to one resource block in one OFDM symbol. The REGs in a control resource set are numbered in ascending order using a time-first manner, starting from number 0 in the resource block with the smallest number in the first OFDM symbol. For example, X is 6. However, X may be a number other than 6.

[0068] When a single-carrier waveform is applied to a PDCCH, the PDCCH consists of multiple resource blocks rather than CCEs. Details of the frequency resources of a single-carrier waveform PDCCH are described in the fourth embodiment.

[0069] Regarding whether or not to apply a single-carrier waveform to the PDCCH, the first embodiment can be applied.

[0070] According to the technology of the third embodiment, the base station 10 can appropriately transmit a multi-carrier waveform PDCCH, and the terminal 20 can appropriately receive a multi-carrier waveform PDCCH.

[0071] (Fourth Embodiment) Next, a fourth embodiment will be described. In the fourth embodiment, the frequency resources of a DL control channel (here, a PDCCH is used as an example) when a single-carrier waveform is applied to the PDCCH will be described. In the fourth embodiment, there are the following options 1 to 4, each of which will be described.

[0072] <Option 1> In Option 1, the size of the PDCCH's frequency resources is the same as the system bandwidth. That is, the size of the frequency resources of a PDCCH with a single-carrier waveform applied is equal to the system bandwidth of the serving cell from which the PDCCH is transmitted.

[0073] For example, assuming that the system bandwidth is 100 MHz, the base station 10 determines the bandwidth of the PDCCH as 100 MHz, and transmits information via the PDCCH of that bandwidth. The terminal 20 determines the bandwidth of the PDCCH as 100 MHz, and receives (decodes) information on the assumption that the PDCCH is transmitted with the 100 MHz bandwidth.

[0074] <Option 2> In Option 2, the size of the frequency resource for the PDCCH (which may also be referred to as bandwidth) is smaller than the system bandwidth, and is the same as a part of the system bandwidth.

[0075] That is, the size of the frequency resource of a PDCCH to which a single carrier waveform is applied is equal to a part of the system bandwidth of the serving cell in which the PDCCH is transmitted.

[0076] For example, in a case where system bandwidth × K (0 < K < 1) is set as the size of the frequency resource of the PDCCH, when the system bandwidth is 100 MHz and K = 0.5, 50 MHz is used as the size of the frequency resource of the PDCCH. K is defined in specifications, for example. As described in Option 3, K may be configured / indicated from the base station 10 to the terminal 20.

[0077] In addition, said "part of the system bandwidth" may be a BWP (Bandwidth Part). The BWP is, for example, an active BWP.

[0078] For example, assuming that BWP_A is configured as an active DL BWP for the terminal 20 (or a terminal group), and the bandwidth of BWP_A is bandwidth A, the base station 10 determines the bandwidth of the PDCCH as bandwidth A, and transmits information via the PDCCH of bandwidth A. The terminal 20 determines the bandwidth of the PDCCH as bandwidth A, and receives (decodes) information on the assumption that the PDCCH is transmitted in bandwidth A.

[0079] <Option 3> In Option 3, information regarding PDCCH frequency resources is set / notified from base station 10 to terminal 20. For example, information regarding PDCCH frequency resources is notified from base station 10 to terminal 20 via MIB. Note that using MIB is just one example.

[0080] For example, the size of the frequency resources of a PDCCH with a single-carrier waveform applied is notified from base station 10 to terminal 20 via MIB. Options 3-1 and 3-2 below provide details on the notification method.

[0081] <Option 3-1> In Option 3-1, the relationship between the information notified by the MIB (referred to here as an index) and the frequency resources of the PDCCH is defined in the specifications, etc. Terminal 20 and base station 10 each hold information representing this relationship and operate according to that information. This information representing the relationship is referred to here as a "table".

[0082] The information in the table may be predetermined by specifications as described above, or it may be determined by the base station 10 and set / notified to the terminal 20.

[0083] Figure 6 shows an example of the table. The table in Figure 6 has a row index, a number of RBs indicating the bandwidth of the PDCCH, and an offset (in RBs) from a reference point, which corresponds to the starting position of the frequency resources of the PDCCH. The reference point is, for example, the starting RB (i.e., MIB) of the SSB.

[0084] The table may also include the number of PDCCH symbols corresponding to the index. An example of operation using the table will be explained with reference to the sequence diagram in Figure 4. In S101, base station 10 transmits an MIB and terminal 20 receives it. The MIB includes an index. In S102, terminal 20 reads the index from the MIB, refers to the table, and determines the frequency resource of the PDCCH corresponding to the index.

[0085] Base station 10 transmits information using a PDCCH with a single-carrier waveform applied to the frequency resource corresponding to the above index. Terminal 20 can receive (decode) the PDCCH transmitted from base station 10 using the said frequency resource.

[0086] <Option 3-2> In Option 3-2, the base station 10 notifies the terminal 20 of the frequency resource information of the PDCCH with a single-carrier waveform applied, using the RIV (Resource Indicator Value). The RIV may be transmitted via RRC signaling, DCI, MIB, or MAC CE.

[0087] Basically, RIV(numerical value) can be expressed as RIV = A × F + S + C. Here, A and C are constants defined in the specifications, etc. F represents the continuous length of the PDCCH frequency resource (i.e., the number of RBs), and S indicates the starting position of the PDCCH frequency resource. In other words, RIV(numerical value) can indicate both the length and starting position of the PDCCH frequency resource.

[0088] Terminal 20 determines the frequency resource for PDCCH based on the RIV received from base station 10, and performs a receiving operation assuming that PDCCH is being transmitted on that frequency resource.

[0089] <Option 4> Next, we will discuss option 4 regarding the frequency resources of the PDCCH with a single-carrier waveform applied.

[0090] In Option 4, PDCCH frequency resource information is set / notified from base station 10 to terminal 20 by upper-layer parameters. The upper-layer parameters may be set / notified by RRC signaling or by MAC signaling.

[0091] Specifically, the size and starting position of the frequency resources of the PDCCH to which the single-carrier waveform is applied are set / notified from the base station 10 to the terminal 20 by higher-layer parameters.

[0092] Terminal 20 determines the frequency resource for PDCCH based on the parameters received from base station 10, and performs a receiving operation assuming that PDCCH is being transmitted on that frequency resource. Options 4-1 and 4-2 below describe the more specific processes.

[0093] <Option 4-1> In option 4-1, the start position and length of the PDCCH frequency resource are set / notified separately.

[0094] For example, the starting position of the PDCCH frequency resource is notified from base station 10 to terminal 20 by the parameter startingPRB in PDCCH-Resource within PDCCH-Config. Note that startingPRB may also be a parameter in ControlResourceSet. For example, startingPRB notifies the PRB ID indicating the starting position.

[0095] Furthermore, for example, the length (bandwidth) of the PDCCH frequency resource is notified from the base station 10 to the terminal 20 by the nrofPRBs parameter in PDCCH-Resource within PDCCH-Config. Note that nrofPRBs may also be a parameter in ControlResourceSet. For example, nrofPRBs notifies an integer value indicating the length (number of RBs) of the frequency resource.

[0096] <Option 4-2> In option 4-2, information (joint configuration) of the PDCCH frequency resource, including both the start position and length, is set / notified. This information is, for example, in the form of a bitmap.

[0097] For example, the start position and length of the PDCCH frequency resource are notified from base station 10 to terminal 20 by the bitmap parameter frequencyDomainResources in PDCCH-Resource within PDCCH-Config. Note that frequencyDomainResources may also be a bitmap parameter in ControlResourceSet.

[0098] The bitmap parameter has multiple bits, each bit representing one or more PRB(s). Multiple PRB(s) may be called a PRB group. For example, the MSB (most significant bit) in the bitmap indicates the first PRB (or first PRB group) in the PDCCH frequency resource.

[0099] In this example, we only consider consecutive allocations in bitmaps. For example, possible bitmaps include '0011111100', '11111111', and '11110000'. For instance, if PRB1 is the first bit and each bit corresponds to 1 PRB, then '0011111100' means that PRB3-8 will be used as frequency resources for the PDCCH. Note that this is not limited to consecutive allocations like the one described above.

[0100] According to the technology of the fourth embodiment, the base station 10 can appropriately transmit a single-carrier waveform PDCCH, and the terminal 20 can appropriately receive a single-carrier waveform PDCCH.

[0101] (Fifth embodiment) Next, a fifth embodiment will be described. In the fifth embodiment, a method for mapping a reference signal (specifically, DMRS as an example) in a DL control channel (here, PDCCH) will be described. Below, multi-carrier waveform PDCCH and single-carrier waveform PDCCH will be described separately. Note that there are two options for single-carrier waveform PDCCH, Option 1 and Option 2, so each will be described.

[0102] For the determination of whether to use a multi-carrier waveform PDCCH or a single-carrier waveform PDCCH, the technique described in the first embodiment can be applied.

[0103] <Multi-carrier waveform PDCCH> When using a multi-carrier waveform PDCCH, the terminal 20 assumes that a reference signal sequence r l (m) is mapped to a resource element (k,l) p,μ according to the following formula. The DMRS mapping herein is the same as the DMRS mapping for PDCCH disclosed in Non-Patent Document 2.

[0104]

Math.

[0105] Note that (k,l) p,μ is a resource element with frequency domain index k and time domain index l for antenna port p and subcarrier spacing μ.

[0106] a k,l (p,μ) is the value of resource element (k,l) for antenna port p and subcarrier spacing μ. β is an amplitude scaling coefficient.

[0107] <Single-carrier waveform PDCCH> Next, we will explain the mapping of DMRS to a single-carrier waveform PDCCH. DMRS for a single-carrier waveform PDCCH is mapped to the PDCCH using TDM (Time Division Multiplexing). In the frequency domain, for example, DMRS is mapped across the entire bandwidth of the PDCCH.

[0108] However, the mapping is not limited to the above; DMRS may also be mapped to PDCCH using FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing).

[0109] When using a single-carrier waveform PDCCH, terminal 20 uses the following formula to determine the reference signal sequence r l (m) is the resource element (k,l) p,μ It is assumed that this will be mapped to

[0110]

number

[0111] In the above equation, k is defined as the relative value of subcarrier 0 of the lowest numbered resource block that can be assigned to PDCCH transmission.

[0112] The lowercase letter l in the above formula is given by a table. This table may also be called relational information. This relational information may be defined in the specifications or set / notified from base station 10 to terminal 20.

[0113] For example, the table contains the "length of the PDCCH and the position of the DMRS per symbol" in the time domain. Information on additional DMRS may be added to the "length of the PDCCH and the position of the DMRS per symbol." Below, options 1 and 2 are described as examples of DMRS placement. A concrete example of mapping is also described.

[0114] (1) Option 1 In Option 1, the DMRS symbol is basically placed between the PDCCH symbols, or the DMRS symbol and PDCCH symbol are placed alternately. In other words, base station 10 transmits the DMRS in the above arrangement, and terminal 20 reads the DMRS based on this assumed arrangement. Figure 7 shows an example of the above table in Option 1.

[0115] (2) Option 2 Option 2 uses DMRS (reference signal sequence r l (m)) is placed next to the last symbol of PDCCH.

[0116] In other words, base station 10 maps the DMRS to the symbols adjacent to the last symbol of the PDCCH and transmits it, and terminal 20 reads the DMRS based on the assumption of this mapping. Figure 8 shows an example of a table in option 2.

[0117] (3) Specific examples of Option 1 Figure 9 shows an example of the mapping corresponding to the case of (PDCCH length = 1, DMRS position l = 2) with no additional DMRS in the table of Figure 7. Figure 10 shows an example of the mapping corresponding to the case of (PDCCH length = 1, DMRS position l = 2, additional DMRS l = 3) in the table of Figure 7.

[0118] Figure 11 shows an example of a mapping corresponding to the case (PDCCH length = 2, DMRS position l = 2, additional DMRS l = 3) in the table in Figure 7. Figure 12 shows an example of a mapping corresponding to the case (PDCCH length = 2, DMRS position l = 2, additional DMRS l = 4) in the table in Figure 7.

[0119] Figure 13 shows an example of a mapping corresponding to the case (PDCCH length = 3, DMRS position l= 2, additional DMRS l=3) in the table in Figure 7. Figure 14 shows an example of a mapping corresponding to the case (PDCCH length = 3, DMRS position l= 2, additional DMRS l=4) in the table in Figure 7.

[0120] (4) Specific examples of Option 2 Figure 15 shows an example of a mapping corresponding to the case (PDCCH length = 1, DMRS position l = 2, additional DMRS l = 3) in the table in Figure 8. Figure 16 shows an example of a mapping corresponding to the case (PDCCH length = 2, DMRS position l = 3, additional DMRS l = 4) in the table in Figure 8.

[0121] Figure 17 shows an example of a mapping corresponding to the case (PDCCH length = 3, DMRS position l = 4, additional DMRS l = 5) in the table in Figure 8.

[0122] According to the technology of the fifth embodiment, a reference signal can be appropriately mapped to a DL control channel to which a single-carrier waveform is applied.

[0123] (Device configuration) Next, we will describe an example of the functional configuration of the base station 10 and terminal 20 that perform the processes and operations described above.

[0124] <Base station 10> Figure 18 shows an example of the functional configuration of a base station 10. As shown in Figure 18, the base station 10 has a transmitting unit 110, a receiving unit 120, a setting unit 130, and a control unit 140. The functional configuration shown in Figure 18 is merely an example. The names of the functional categories and functional units can be anything as long as they can perform the operations according to the embodiment of the present invention. Also, the transmitting unit 110 and the receiving unit 120 may be collectively referred to as the communication unit.

[0125] The transmitting unit 110 includes the function of generating a signal to be transmitted to the terminal 20 and transmitting the signal wirelessly. The receiving unit 120 includes the function of receiving various signals transmitted from the terminal 20 and obtaining information from the received signals, for example, information from a higher layer. The transmitting unit 110 also has the function of transmitting NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL control signals, DCI via PDCCH, data via PDSCH, etc. to the terminal 20. The transmitting unit 110 can transmit either a DL control channel with a single-carrier waveform or a DL control channel with a multi-carrier waveform.

[0126] The setting unit 130 stores pre-configured setting information and various setting information to be transmitted to the terminal 20 in a storage device provided by the setting unit 130, and reads it from the storage device as needed.

[0127] The control unit 140 performs tasks such as scheduling DL reception or UL transmission of the terminal 20 via the transmission unit 110. The control unit 140 can generate information indicating whether or not to apply a single-carrier waveform to the downlink control channel.

[0128] The control unit 140 can also generate setting information for the frequency resources of the downlink control channel to which the single-carrier waveform is applied. In this case, the transmission unit 110 can transmit the downlink control channel using the frequency resources based on the setting information.

[0129] The signal transmission functions of the control unit 140 may be included in the transmission unit 110, and the signal reception functions of the control unit 140 may be included in the reception unit 120. Alternatively, the transmission unit 110 may be called a transmitter and the reception unit 120 may be called a receiver.

[0130] <Terminal 20> Figure 19 shows an example of the functional configuration of terminal 20. As shown in Figure 19, terminal 20 has a transmitting unit 210, a receiving unit 220, a setting unit 230, and a control unit 240. The functional configuration shown in Figure 19 is merely an example. The names of the functional categories and functional units can be anything as long as they can perform the operations according to the embodiment of the present invention. The transmitting unit 210 and the receiving unit 220 may be collectively referred to as the communication unit.

[0131] The transmitting unit 210 creates a transmission signal from the transmission data and transmits the transmission signal wirelessly. The receiving unit 220 wirelessly receives various signals and acquires signals from higher layers from the received physical layer signals. The receiving unit 220 also has the function of receiving NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL / SL control signals, DCI via PDCCH, data via PDSCH, etc. transmitted from the base station 10. Alternatively, for example, the transmitting unit 210 may transmit PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel), PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel), PSDCH (Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel), PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel), etc. to another terminal 20 as D2D communication, and the receiving unit 220 may receive PSCCH, PSSCH, PSDCH or PSBCH, etc. from the other terminal 20. The receiver 220 can receive both DL control channels using a single-carrier waveform and DL control channels using a multi-carrier waveform.

[0132] The setting unit 230 stores various setting information received from the base station 10 or other terminals by the receiving unit 220 in a storage device provided in the setting unit 230, and reads it from the storage device as needed. The setting unit 230 also stores pre-configured setting information.

[0133] The control unit 240 controls the terminal 20. The control unit 240 can determine whether or not a single-carrier waveform is applied to the downlink control channel. The control unit 240 can also determine the size of the frequency resource of the downlink control channel to which the single-carrier waveform is applied. In this case, the receiving unit 220 receives information via the downlink control channel, assuming a frequency resource of the aforementioned size.

[0134] This specification discloses at least the following appendices 1 and 2.

[0135] <Note 1> (Additional note 1) A control unit that determines whether or not a single-carrier waveform is applied to the downlink control channel, When it is determined that the single-carrier waveform is to be applied to the downlink control channel, a receiving unit receives information via the downlink control channel, assuming that the single-carrier waveform is to be applied. A terminal equipped with the following features. (Additional note 2) The control unit determines whether the single-carrier waveform is applied based on whether a specific downlink control channel is used, or based on the speed of the terminal. The terminals listed in Appendix 1. (Additional note 3) The control unit determines whether the single-carrier waveform is applicable based on information received from the base station via MIB or RRC signaling. The terminals described in Appendix 1 or 2. (Additional note 4) The downlink control channel to which the single-carrier waveform is applied does not have a control channel element, but has a resource block. The terminal specified in any one of the appendices 1 through 3. (Additional note 5) A control unit that generates information indicating whether or not to apply a single-carrier waveform to the downlink control channel, A transmitting unit that transmits the aforementioned information to a terminal. A base station equipped with the necessary equipment. (Additional note 6) A step to determine whether a single-carrier waveform is applied to the downlink control channel, When it is determined that the single-carrier waveform is to be applied to the downlink control channel, the step of receiving information via the downlink control channel, assuming that the single-carrier waveform is to be applied, A communication method performed by a terminal, comprising the following features.

[0136] Any of the appendices 1 to 6 provides a technology for realizing communication using a DL control channel to which a single-carrier waveform is applied. According to appendice 2, it is possible to determine whether or not a single-carrier waveform is applied from various perspectives such as a specific downlink control channel and speed. According to appendice 3, it is possible to determine whether or not a single-carrier waveform is applied appropriately based on information from the base station. According to appendice 4, the characteristics of the downlink control channel to which the single-carrier waveform is applied can be appropriately defined.

[0137] <Note 2> (Additional note 1) A control unit that determines the size of the frequency resources for the downlink control channel to which a single-carrier waveform is applied, Assuming a frequency resource of the aforementioned size, a receiving unit receives information via the downlink control channel. A terminal equipped with the following features. (Additional note 2) The control unit determines the system bandwidth, or a portion of the system bandwidth, as the size. The terminals listed in Appendix 1. (Additional note 3) A reference signal is placed between the symbols of the downlink control channel, the symbols of the downlink control channel and the reference signal are arranged alternately, or the reference signal is placed adjacent to the last symbol of the downlink control channel. The terminals described in Appendix 1 or 2. (Additional note 4) A control unit that generates setting information for the frequency resource of the downlink control channel to which a single-carrier waveform is applied, A transmitting unit that transmits the downlink control channel using frequency resources based on the aforementioned setting information. A base station equipped with the necessary equipment. (Additional note 5) The control unit, The length of the frequency resource and the starting position of the frequency resource are generated as separate parameters, or The length of the frequency resource and the starting position of the frequency resource are generated as a single bitmap parameter. The base station described in Appendix 4. (Additional note 6) The steps include determining the size of the frequency resources for the downlink control channel to which a single-carrier waveform is applied, Assuming a frequency resource of the aforementioned size, the steps include receiving information via the downlink control channel and A method that a terminal can execute, which includes the following features.

[0138] Any of the appendices 1 to 6 provides a technique for realizing communication using a DL control channel with a single-carrier waveform applied. According to appendice 2, an appropriate frequency resource size can be determined for a DL control channel with a single-carrier waveform applied. According to appendice 3, a reference signal can be appropriately placed for a DL control channel with a single-carrier waveform applied. According to appendice 5, information regarding the frequency resources of a DL control channel with a single-carrier waveform can be appropriately communicated.

[0139] (Hardware configuration) The block diagrams (Figures 18-19) used in the description of the above embodiments show functional units. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or it may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wired or wireless connections). A functional block may be realized by combining the above one device or the above multiple devices with software.

[0140] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision, judgment, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, exploration, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, assumption, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating (mapping), and assigning. For example, a functional block (configuration part) that enables transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. As mentioned above, the method of implementation is not particularly limited.

[0141] For example, the base station 10, terminal 20, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that processes the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 20 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the base station 10 and terminal 20 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The above-mentioned base station 10 and terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a storage device 1002, an auxiliary storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0142] In the following explanation, the term "device" can be replaced with "circuit," "device," "unit," etc. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and terminal 20 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or it may be configured without some of the devices.

[0143] Each function in the base station 10 and terminal 20 is realized by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and storage device 1002, which allows the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication by the communication device 1004, and control at least one of the reading and writing of data in the storage device 1002 and auxiliary storage device 1003.

[0144] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer, for example, by running an operating system. The processor 1001 may consist of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic units, registers, etc. For example, the control unit 140, control unit 240, etc., described above may be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0145] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, or data from at least one of the auxiliary storage device 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the storage device 1002, and executes various processes accordingly. The program used is one that causes a computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiment. For example, the control unit 140 of the base station 10 shown in Figure 18 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and operated by the processor 1001. Also, for example, the control unit 240 of the terminal 20 shown in Figure 19 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and operated by the processor 1001. Although the above-described processes have been explained as being executed by one processor 1001, they may be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The program may be transmitted from the network via a telecommunications line.

[0146] The storage device 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: ROM (Read Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM), RAM (Random Access Memory), etc. The storage device 1002 may also be called a register, cache, main memory, etc. The storage device 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for implementing a communication method according to one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0147] The auxiliary storage device 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: an optical disc such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc, a digital multipurpose disc, a Blu-ray® disc), a smart card, flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy® disk, a magnetic strip, etc. The above-mentioned storage medium may also be a database, server, or other suitable medium that includes at least one of the storage device 1002 and the auxiliary storage device 1003.

[0148] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting / receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include high-frequency switches, duplexers, filters, frequency synthesizers, etc., in order to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the transmitting and receiving antennas, amplifier section, transmitting and receiving section, transmission path interface, etc., may be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting and receiving section may be implemented in a physically or logically separated manner, with a transmitting section and a receiving section.

[0149] The input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from an external source (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to an external source (e.g., a display, speaker, LED lamp, etc.). The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be configured as an integrated unit (e.g., a touch panel).

[0150] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the storage device 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or different buses may be configured for each device.

[0151] Furthermore, the base station 10 and terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), and an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and some or all of each functional block may be realized by such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0152] Furthermore, a terminal 20 or base station 10 may be provided in the vehicle 2001. Figure 21 shows an example of the configuration of the vehicle 2001. As shown in Figure 21, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013. The terminal 20 or base station 10 described in each aspect / embodiment in this disclosure may be applied to a communication device mounted on the vehicle 2001, for example, to the communication module 2013.

[0153] The drive unit 2002 consists of, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel, which is operated by the user.

[0154] The electronic control unit 2010 consists of a microprocessor 2031, memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and communication ports (IO ports) 2033. Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2029 installed in the vehicle 2001 are input to the electronic control unit 2010. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0155] Signals from various sensors 2021-2029 include current signals from current sensor 2021 which senses motor current, front and rear wheel rotation speed signals obtained by rotation speed sensor 2022, front and rear wheel air pressure signals obtained by air pressure sensor 2023, vehicle speed signals obtained by vehicle speed sensor 2024, acceleration signals obtained by acceleration sensor 2025, accelerator pedal depression signals obtained by accelerator pedal sensor 2029, brake pedal depression signals obtained by brake pedal sensor 2026, shift lever operation signals obtained by shift lever sensor 2027, and detection signals obtained by object detection sensor 2028 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0156] The Information Services Unit 2012 consists of various devices for providing (outputting) various types of information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, including a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, television, and radio, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The Information Services Unit 2012 uses information acquired from external devices via a communication module 2013, etc., to provide various multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001. The Information Services Unit 2012 may include input devices that accept input from the outside (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) and output devices that perform output to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED lamp, touch panel, etc.).

[0157] The driver assistance system unit 2030 consists of various devices that provide functions to prevent accidents or reduce the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps, etc.), gyro systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System), etc.), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driver assistance system unit 2030 also sends and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize driver assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0158] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via its communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 sends and receives data via its communication port 2033 to the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, the microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021-29 provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0159] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with external devices. For example, it can send and receive various types of information to and from external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station or a mobile station.

[0160] The communication module 2013 may transmit at least one of the following to an external device via wireless communication: signals from the various sensors 2021-2028 input to the electronic control unit 2010, information obtained based on said signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 2012. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021-2028, the information service unit 2012, etc., may also be called input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 may include information based on the above input.

[0161] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle 2001. The information service unit 2012 may also be called an output unit, which outputs information (for example, outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 2013). The communication module 2013 also stores the various information received from the external device in memory 2032, which is available to the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, sensors 2021-2029, etc., provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0162] (Supplement to the embodiment) While embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the disclosed invention is not limited to such embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand various modifications, alterations, alternatives, substitutions, etc. Specific numerical examples have been used to facilitate understanding of the invention, but unless otherwise specified, these numerical values ​​are merely examples, and any appropriate values ​​may be used. The division of items in the above description is not essential to the present invention, and matters described in two or more items may be combined as needed, and matters described in one item may be applied to matters described in another item (as long as they do not contradict each other). The boundaries of functional units or processing units in the functional block diagram do not necessarily correspond to the boundaries of physical parts. The operation of multiple functional units may be physically performed by one part, or the operation of one functional unit may be physically performed by multiple parts. Regarding the processing procedures described in the embodiments, the order of processing may be changed as long as it does not contradict each other. For the convenience of explaining the processing, the base station 10 and terminal 20 have been described using functional block diagrams, but such devices may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof. The software operated by the processor of the base station 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention and the software operated by the processor of the terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), EPROM, EEPROM, registers, hard disk (HDD), removable disk, CD-ROM, database, server, or any other suitable storage medium.

[0163] Furthermore, the notification of information is not limited to the embodiments / models described herein and may be carried out by other methods. For example, the notification of information may be carried out by physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI (Downlink Control Information), UCI (Uplink Control Information)), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling, MAC (Medium Access Control) signaling), broadcast information (MIB (Master Information Block), SIB (System Information Block)), other signals, or combinations thereof. Also, RRC signaling may be called RRC messages, and may be, for example, RRC Connection Setup messages, RRC Connection Reconfiguration messages, etc.

[0164] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure includes LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (xG (where x is, for example, an integer or decimal)), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), and IEEE This may apply to at least one system utilizing 802.20, UWB (Ultra-WideBand), Bluetooth®, or other appropriate systems, and to next-generation systems extended, modified, created, or defined based thereon. It may also apply to a combination of multiple systems (for example, a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G).

[0165] The processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of each aspect / embodiment described herein may be reordered, provided they are consistent with each other. For example, the methods described herein present various step elements in an exemplary order and are not limited to that specific order.

[0166] In this specification, specific operations performed by the base station 10 may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station 10, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with the terminal 20 can be performed by the base station 10 and at least one of the other network nodes (for example, an MME or S-GW, but not limited to these). Although the above example illustrates the case where there is one other network node besides the base station 10, the other network node may be a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, an MME and an S-GW).

[0167] The information or signals described in this disclosure may be output from a higher layer (or lower layer) to a lower layer (or higher layer). They may also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0168] Input and output information may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or appended to. Output information may be deleted. Input information may be transmitted to other devices.

[0169] The determination in this disclosure may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a boolean value (true or false), or by a numerical comparison (for example, a comparison with a predetermined value).

[0170] Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, and so on, whether they are called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or by any other name.

[0171] Furthermore, software, instructions, information, etc., may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technology (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or digital subscriber line (DSL)) and wireless technology (such as infrared or microwave), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included in the definition of a transmission medium.

[0172] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of the various different techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0173] In addition, terms used in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of the channel and symbol may be a signal (signaling). Also, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, cell, frequency carrier, etc.

[0174] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are interchangeable.

[0175] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a given value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by an index.

[0176] The names used for the parameters described above are not restrictive in any way. Furthermore, the formulas and other expressions using these parameters may differ from those expressly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not restrictive in any way.

[0177] In this disclosure, terms such as "Base Station (BS)", "wireless base station", "base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNodeB (eNB)", "gNodeB (gNB)", "access point", "transmission point", "reception point", "transmission / reception point", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0178] A base station can house one or more (e.g., three) cells. If a base station houses multiple cells, the entire coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into several smaller areas, each of which may also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a Remote Radio Head (RRH)). The terms “cell” or “sector” refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and / or base station subsystems that provide communication services in that coverage.

[0179] In this disclosure, the transmission of information by a base station to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to perform information-based control or operation.

[0180] In this disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," and "terminal" may be used interchangeably.

[0181] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or several other appropriate terms.

[0182] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be a device mounted on a mobile body, the mobile body itself, etc. The mobile body refers to a movable object, and its speed of movement is arbitrary. This also includes the case when the mobile body is stationary. The mobile body includes, but is not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcarts, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones (registered trademark), multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and items mounted on them. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on operation commands. It may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile body (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Furthermore, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0183] Furthermore, the term "base station" in this disclosure may be interpreted as "terminal." For example, the various aspects / embodiments of this disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a terminal is replaced with communication between multiple terminals 20 (which may be called, for example, D2D (Device-to-Device), V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything)). In this case, the terminals 20 may have the functions that the base station 10 has. Also, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be interpreted as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "side"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., may be interpreted as side channel.

[0184] Similarly, the term "terminal" in this disclosure may be replaced with "base station." In this case, the base station may be configured to have the same functions as the terminal described above.

[0185] As used in this disclosure, the terms “determining” and “determining” may encompass a wide variety of actions. “Determining” may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiry (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertaining. “Determining” may also include, for example, receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, and accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory). Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include considering something as having been "judged" or "decided" after resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include considering something as having been "judged" or "decided" after some action. Also, "judgment (decision)" can be reinterpreted as "assuming," "expecting," or "considering."

[0186] The terms “connected,” “coupled,” or any variation thereof, mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be reinterpreted as “access.” As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be “connected” or “coupled” with each other using at least one of one or more wires, cables, and printed electrical connections, and, in some non-limiting and non-exclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency domain, microwave domain, and optical (both visible and invisible) domain.

[0187] The reference signal can also be abbreviated as RS (Reference Signal), and may be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0188] In this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based solely on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based solely on" and "based at least on."

[0189] Any reference to elements using the designations “first,” “second,” etc., as used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Accordingly, references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be employed, or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

[0190] In the configuration of each of the above devices, "means" may be replaced with "part," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0191] Where the terms “include,” “including,” and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, as is the term “comprising.” Furthermore, the term “or” as used in this disclosure is not intended to mean exclusive OR.

[0192] A wireless frame may consist of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of these frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further consist of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0193] Numerical logic may be communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. Numerical logic may include, for example, at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, specific filtering processes performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processes performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0194] A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) symbols, etc.). A slot may also be a time unit based on neurology.

[0195] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Minislots may also be called subslots. Minislots may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0196] Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols all represent units of time when transmitting a signal. Different names may be used for each of these terms.

[0197] For example, one subframe may be called a Transmission Time Interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, or one slot or one mini-slot may be called a TTI. In other words, at least one of a subframe and a TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, mini-slot, etc., instead of a subframe. Also, one slot may be called a unit time. The unit time may differ from cell to cell depending on the neurology.

[0198] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, the base station schedules each terminal 20 to allocate wireless resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmission power available to each terminal 20) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0199] TTI may be a transmission time unit for channel-encoded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, code words, etc., or it may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. Given a TTI, the actual time interval (e.g., number of symbols) to which the transport block, code block, code word, etc. are mapped may be shorter than the given TTI.

[0200] Furthermore, if one slot or one mini-slot is referred to as TTI, then one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) may constitute the minimum time unit of scheduling. In addition, the number of slots (number of mini-slots) that constitute the minimum time unit of scheduling may be controlled.

[0201] A TTI with a time length of 1ms may also be called a normal TTI, long TTI, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may also be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, mini slot, sub slot, slot, etc.

[0202] Furthermore, long TTIs (e.g., normal TTIs, subframes, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a time length exceeding 1 ms, and short TTIs (e.g., shortened TTIs, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a TTI length less than that of a long TTI but 1 ms or more.

[0203] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and in the frequency domain, it may contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be the same regardless of the neurology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be determined based on the neurology.

[0204] Furthermore, the time domain of RB may contain one or more symbols and may be the length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc., may each consist of one or more resource blocks.

[0205] One or more RBs may also be called a Physical RB (PRB), Sub-Carrier Group (SCG), Resource Element Group (REG), PRB pair, RB pair, etc.

[0206] Furthermore, a resource block may consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource area comprising one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0207] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), also known as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) for a particular neurology system in a given carrier. These common RBs may be identified by an index of the RBs relative to a common reference point of the carrier. A Bandwidth Part (PRB) may be defined and numbered within a given BWP.

[0208] A BWP may include BWPs for UL (UL BWP) and BWPs for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be configured within a single carrier for a UE.

[0209] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE does not need to assume that it will send or receive a given signal / channel outside of the active BWP. In this disclosure, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" may be read as "BWP".

[0210] The structures described above, such as wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols, are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes included in a wireless frame, the number of slots per subframe or wireless frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length within a TTI can be varied in various ways.

[0211] In this disclosure, if articles are added through translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may include the fact that the noun following these articles is plural.

[0212] In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combine" may be interpreted similarly to "different."

[0213] Each aspect / embodiment described herein may be used individually, in combination, or switched between as needed during implementation. Furthermore, notification of specific information (e.g., notification that "X is") is not limited to explicit notification, but may also be implicit (e.g., by not providing such notification).

[0214] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the intent and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the descriptions in the present disclosure are illustrative and not intended to be restrictive in any way. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0215] 10 base station 110 Transmitter 120 Receiver 130 Setting section 140 Control Unit 20 devices 210 Transmitter 220 Receiver 230 Setting section 240 Control Unit 1001 Processor 1002 Storage device 1003 Auxiliary storage device 1004 Communication device 1005 Input device 1006 Output device 2001 Vehicle 2002 Drive Unit 2003 Steering Department 2004 Accelerator pedal 2005 Brake pedal 2006 Shift Lever 2007 Front Wheel 2008 Rear wheel 2009 Axle 2010 Electronic Control Unit 2012 Information Services Department 2013 Communication Module 2021 Current Sensor 2022 Rotation speed sensor 2023 Pneumatic Sensor 2024 Vehicle Speed ​​Sensor 2025 Accelerometer 2026 Brake Pedal Sensor 2027 Shift lever sensor 2028 Object Detection Sensor 2029 Accelerator pedal sensor 2030 Driver Support Systems Department 2031 Microprocessor 2032 memory (ROM, RAM) 2033 Communication port (I / O port)

Claims

1. A control unit that determines the size of the frequency resource of the downlink control channel to which a single-carrier waveform is applied, and the starting position of the frequency resource, which is indicated by an offset from a reference point, Assuming the aforementioned size and frequency resources at the starting position, a receiving unit receives information via the downlink control channel, A terminal equipped with the following features.

2. The control unit determines the system bandwidth, or a portion of the system bandwidth, as the size. The terminal according to claim 1.

3. A reference signal is placed between the symbols of the downlink control channel, the symbols of the downlink control channel and the reference signal are arranged alternately, or the reference signal is placed adjacent to the last symbol of the downlink control channel. The terminal according to claim 1.

4. A control unit that generates setting information indicating the size of the frequency resource of the downlink control channel to which a single-carrier waveform is applied, and the starting position of the frequency resource, which is indicated by an offset from a reference point, A base station comprising: a transmitting unit that transmits the downlink control channel using frequency resources based on the aforementioned configuration information.

5. The control unit, The length of the frequency resource and the starting position of the frequency resource are generated as separate parameters, or The length of the frequency resource and the starting position of the frequency resource are generated as a single bitmap parameter. The base station according to claim 4.

6. The steps include determining the size of the frequency resource of the downlink control channel to which a single-carrier waveform is applied, and the starting position of the frequency resource, which is indicated by an offset from a reference point, Assuming the frequency resources of the aforementioned size and starting position, the steps include receiving information via the downlink control channel and A communication method performed by a terminal, comprising the following features.

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